Pallas's cat - Knowledge

1786: 1928: 1294: 100: 276: 58: 1277: 2216: 2020: 2363: 1597: 31: 1785: 2302:, hunting of the Pallas's cat decreased in the 1970s when it became legally protected. Mongolia exported 9,185 skins in 1987, but international trade has ceased since 1988. However, domestic trade of its skins and body parts for medicinal purposes continues in the country, and it may be hunted throughout the year. 1387:). Its stocky posture with the long and dense fur make it appear stout and plush. Its head-to-body is 46 to 65 cm (18 to 26 in) long with a 21 to 31 cm (8.3 to 12.2 in) long tail. It weighs 2.5 to 4.5 kg (5 lb 8 oz to 9 lb 15 oz). Its body is stout, and its 2268:

of two to six kittens between the end of April and late May. The newborn kittens' fur is fuzzy, and their eyes are closed until the age of about two weeks. A newborn male kitten born in a zoo weighed 89 g (3.1 oz), measured 12.3 cm (4.8 in) and had a 5.5 cm (2.2 in) long

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during this time, including 39 winter dens, 42 summer dens and 20 dens for raising kittens. The summer and winter dens usually had one entrance with a diameter of 15.6 to 23.4 cm (6.1 to 9.2 in). They resided in the summer dens for 2–21 days, and in the winter dens for 2–28 days. Summer and

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and ravines in areas, where the continuous snow cover is below 15–20 cm (6–8 in). In the southwestern part of its range, the habitat of the Pallas's cat is affected by cold and dry winters, and moderate to low rainfall in warm summers. The typical vegetation in this part consists of small

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Kitchener, A. C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting, A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V.; Christiansen, P.; Driscoll, C.; Duckworth, J. W.; Johnson, W.; Luo, S.-J.; Meijaard, E.; O'Donoghue, P.; Sanderson, J.; Seymour, K.; Bruford, M.; Groves, C.; Hoffmann, M.;

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or pale yellowish-reddish hues. Some hair tips are white and some blackish. Its fur is greyer and denser with fewer markings visible in winter than in the summer. The forehead and top of the head are light grey with small black spots. It has two black zigzag lines on the cheeks running from the

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with long and dense light grey fur, and rounded ears set low on the sides of the head. Its head-and-body length ranges from 46 to 65 cm (18 to 26 in) with a 21 to 31 cm (8.3 to 12.2 in) long bushy tail. It is well camouflaged and adapted to the cold

1346:. Its rounded ears are set low on the side, such that it can peer over an object and show only a relatively small part of the head above the eyes without depressing the ears. This can give its face a look of ferocity and unrest. Its eyes are encircled by white. The 2074:

between May and August, but active by day from September to November. Pallas's cats recorded in four study areas in the western Mongolian Altai mountains were also active during the day, but with a lower frequency at sites where livestock was present.

2378:. Hunting it is prohibited in all range countries except Mongolia. Since 2009, it is legally protected in Afghanistan, where all hunting and trade with its body parts is banned. On the Mongolian Red List of Mammals, it is listed as 1414:

The skull of males is 87–95 mm (3.4–3.7 in) long and 66–74 mm (2.6–2.9 in) wide at the base. Females have a 84–96 mm (3.3–3.8 in) long and 65–68 mm (2.6–2.7 in) wide skull. The lower

3178: 4566:"O mlekopitayushchikh, predlagayemykh dlya zaneseniya v novoye izdaniye Krasnoy Knigi Turkmenistana (2021) [About mammals proposed for inclusion in the new edition of the Red Book of Turkmenistan (2021)]" 2289:

Two-month-old kittens weigh 500–600 g (17.6–21.2 oz), and their fur gradually grows longer. They start hunting at the age of about five months and reach adult size by the age of six to seven months.

1861:, it inhabits montane steppes at elevations of 600–800 m (2,000–2,600 ft), where annual rainfall ranges from 150 to 400 mm (5.9 to 15.7 in). In 2013, an individual was observed on the 3447:

Kaczensky, P.; Rustamov, E.; Karryeva, S.; Iankov, P.; Hudaykuliev, N.; Saparmyradov, J.; Veyisov, A.; Shestopal, A.; Mengliev, S.; Hojamyradov, H.; Potaeva, A.; Kurbanov, A. & Amanov, A. (2019).

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known as "Pet the cat" introduced in 2008; the meme is a picture of a Pallas's cat that invites the reader to pet it in the image's caption. In 2012, the Pallas's cat became the mascot of Moscow Zoo.

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A captive male Pallas's cat housed under natural lighting conditions showed increased aggressive and territorial behaviour at the onset of the breeding season, lasting from September to December. Its

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Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica, sistens omnium Animalium in extenso Imperio Rossico et adjacentibus maribus observatorum recensionem, domicillia, mores et descriptiones, anatomen atque icones plurimorum

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Oyuntuya, B.; Swanson, W.; Campbell, M.; Bateman, H.; Herrick, J.; Lambo, C.; Brown, M.; Fine, A.; Ross, S.; Munkhtsog, B.; Kreider, C.; Travis, E.; Beyea, L.; Barrie, M. & Samiya, R. (2012).

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Chimed, O.; Alexander, J. S.; Samelius, G.; Lkhagvajav, P.; Davaa, L.; Bayasgalan, N. & Sharma, K. (2021). "Examining the past and current distribution of Pallas's cat in Southern Mongolia".

1912:, an individual was sighted in desert steppe habitat at an elevation of 5,050 m (16,570 ft) in 2005. In 2011, the Pallas's cat was photographed in an alpine meadow in the core area of 3208:

Barashkova, A.; Smelansky, I.; Kirilyuk, V.; Naidenko, S.; Antonevich, A.; Gritsina, M.; Zhumabai uulu, K.; Koshkin, M.; Battogtokh, N.; Otgonbayar, B.; Grachev, A. & Lissovsky, A. (2019).

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Werhahn, G.; Kusi, N.; Karmacharya, D.; Man Sherchan, A.; Manandhar, P.; Manandhar, S.; Bhatta, T. R.; Joshi, J.; Bhattarai, S.; Sharma, A. N.; Kaden, J.; Ghazali, M. & Senn, H. (2018).

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of 16 females varied from 7.4 to 125.2 km (2.9 to 48.3 sq mi). The home ranges of nine males varied from 20.9 to 207.0 km (8.1 to 79.9 sq mi) and

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Moqanaki, E. M.; Jahed, N.; Malkhasyan, A.; Askerov, E.; Farhadinia, M. S.; Kabir, M.; Adibi, M. A.; Ud Din, J.; Joolaee, L.; Chahartaghi, N. R. & Ostrowski, S. (2019).

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shortly after heavy snowfall. Farther east in the Alborz Mountains, an individual was recorded among rocks at an elevation of 2,441 m (8,009 ft) in 2016. In the

4481:(Report). Mongolia Discussion Papers, East Asia and Pacific Environment and Social Development Department. Washington, DC: World Bank and Wildlife Conservation Society. 2272:

In central Mongolia, seven females with kittens were observed using 20 dens for 4–60 days. Their maternal dens were either among rocks, or in former burrows of the

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Anile, S.; Augugliaro, C.; Munkhtsog, B.; Dartora, F.; Vendramin, A.; Bombieri, G. & Nielsen, C.K. (2021). "Density and activity patterns of Pallas's cats,

2143:). Scat samples of the Pallas's cat collected in the bufferzone of Khustain Nuruu National Park in central Mongolia contained foremost remains of Daurian pika, 4713: 1558:

in this region exhibits a range of 80 °C (140 °F) between the highest and lowest air temperatures, dropping to −50 °C (−58 °F) in winter.

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Wildlife Sanctuary, Pallas's cats were sighted close by riverbanks at elevations of 4,202 and 4,160 m (13,786 and 13,648 ft) in 2013 and 2015. In

2518: 2350: sq mi) of grassland was poisoned between 2005 and 2009, leading to an estimated loss of 50,000–80,000 tonnes (55,000–88,000 short tons) of pika 3839: 2298:

In China, Mongolia and Russia, the Pallas's cat was once hunted for its fur in large numbers of more than 10,000 skins annually. In China and the former

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The Pallas's cat is a highly specialised predator of small mammals, which it catches by stalking or ambushing near exits of burrows. It also pulls out

11819: 11137: 2374:, the Pallas's cat is classified as Least Concern since 2020 because of its wide-spread range and assumed large global population. It is listed in 1987:

was detected at 5,593 m (18,350 ft) in 2016, the globally highest record to date. In January 2012, it was recorded for the first time in

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Fox, J. L. & Dorji, T. (2007). "High elevation record for occurrence of the manul or Pallas' Cat on the northwestern Tibetan plateau, China".

12530: 12385: 10566: 1880:, it prefers rocky and rugged habitats that provides cover and camouflage. On the Tibetan plateau, two Pallas's cats were observed in undulating 4621: 11442: 10672: 10642: 9713: 1581:; the habitat at this location transitions from semi-desert to montane steppe at an elevation of about 570 m (1,900 ft). Records in 12437: 12424: 11668: 11628: 11531: 10662: 10652: 9784: 1339:

up to 69 mm (2.7 in) long and 93 μm thick on the back. Its fur is soft and dense with up to 9,000 hairs/cm (58,000 hairs/in).

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in northwestern Iran before the 1970s. In the area, an individual was captured at an elevation of about 1,500 m (5,000 ft) near

11809: 11638: 11368: 11354: 11127: 11117: 10838: 10814: 2609:. Vol. Reise aus Sibirien zurück an die Wolga im 1773ten Jahr. St. Petersburg: Kayserliche Academie der Wissenschaften. p. 692. 3944:

Shrestha, B.; Ale, S.; Jackson, R.; Thapa, N.; Gurung, L. P.; Adhikari, S.; Dangol, L.; Basnet, B.; Subedi, N. & Dhakal, M. (2014).

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Zoos in the former Soviet Union received most of the wild-caught Pallas's cats from the Transbaikal region and a few from Mongolia.

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kept 16 Pallas's cats, but they lived for less than three years. In 1984, the Pallas's cat was designated as a priority species for

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The Pallas's cat's ears are grey with a yellowish tinge on the back and a darker rim, but with whitish hair in front and in the ear

12517: 12359: 11412: 12543: 12398: 12561: 3052: 2880: 2434: 12548: 12403: 10387: 2519:"A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group" 2430: 1913: 1751: 3687:"Determinants of mesocarnivore range use: relative effects of prey and habitat properties on Pallas's cat home-range size" 4883: 3402:

Hameed, S.; Ud Din, J.; Shah, K. A.; Kabir, M.; Ayub, M.; Khan, S.; Bischof, R.; Nawaz, D. A. & Nawaz, M. A. (2014).

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killing Pallas's cats were reported in Iran, Kazakhstan and the Altai Republic. Pallas's cats have also fallen victim in

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Zhao, D.; Yang, C.; Ma, J.; Zhang, X. & Ran, J. (2020). "Vertebrate prey composition analysis of the Pallas's cat (

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those of one to four females and partly also those of other males. The sizes of their home ranges decreased in winter.

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Webb, R.; Pain, D.; McNiven, D. & Francis, S. (2014). "Pallas's cat in disturbed habitat on the Tibetan Plateau".

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Johnson, W. E.; Eizirik, E.; Pecon-Slattery, J.; Murphy, W. J.; Antunes, A.; Teeling, E. & O'Brien, S. J. (2006).

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Aghili, A.; Masoud, R.; Murdoch, J. D. & Mallon, D. P. (2008). "First Record of Pallas's Cat in Northwest Iran".

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Christiansen, P. & Wroe, S. (2007). "Bite forces and evolutionary adaptations to feeding ecology in carnivores".

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Barclay, D.; Nygren, E.; Alekseicheva, I.; Nelson, A.-L. & Swanson, B. (2019). "Ex-situ conservation of manul".

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Ross, S.; Kamnitzer, R.; Munkhtsog, B. & Harris, S. (2010). "Den-site selection is critical for Pallas's cat (

2354:. The Pallas's cat may be negatively affected by habitat fragmentation due to mining and infrastructure projects. 1959:, an individual was observed on a rocky slope at an elevation of 5,073 m (16,644 ft) in the vicinity of 1707:

In the Transcaspian Region, its presence was first reported in the Kopet Dag mountains and in the vicinity of the

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set for small mammals in Kazakhstan and in the Altai Republic. In Transbaikal, the Pallas's cat is threatened by

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Khorozyan, I.; Ananian, V. & Malkhasyan, A. (2020). "No longer regionally extinct: a review of Pallas's Cat

1720: 4054: 1668:. In the Hindu Kush, a Pallas's cat was observed sunbathing at the fringe of a rocky high-elevation plain near 522: 3113: 2280:), and had at least two entrances. In Iran, a Pallas's cat was observed using cavities of aged Greek juniper ( 1927: 1577:

in the late 1920s. In January 2020, an individual was sighted about 140 km (90 mi) farther north in

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of this vole population during 2017 to 2020. Scat found in Shey-Phoksundo National Park contained remains of

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in 1907, described several Pallas's cat skulls in detail and considered the Pallas's cat an aberrant form of

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Ross, S.; Barashkova, A.; Dhendup, T.; Munkhtsog, B.; Smelansky, I.; Barclay, D. & Moqanaki, E. (2020).

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The Pallas's cat's range extends from the Caucasus eastward to Central Asia, Mongolia and adjacent parts of

1327:, lower and upper lips are white. It has narrow black stripes on the back, consisting of five to seven dark 580:

Since 2017, the Cat Classification Task Force of the Cat Specialist Group recognises only two subspecies as

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maternal dens were close to rocky habitats with little direct sunlight, whereas winter dens were closer to

1980: 1873: 4145:"Spatio-temporal occurrence and sensitivity to livestock husbandry of Pallas's cat in the Mongolian Altai" 3783:

Li, J.; Schaller, G. B.; McCarthy, T. M.; Wang, D.; Jiagong, Z.; Cai, P.; Basang, L. & Lu, Z. (2013).

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for the Pallas's cat in 1997. Since 2004, the Pallas's cat international studbook has been managed by the

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The Pallas's cat occurs in alpine pastures of the upper Marshyangdi river valley in the central Himalayas.

12556: 12325: 12320: 8806: 6009: 3074: 2088: 1976: 493: 198: 3579:"Detection of seasonal weight loss and a serologic survey of potential pathogens in wild Pallas's cats ( 2624: 406: 12285: 10271: 9927: 4364: 3425: 2995:]. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation. pp. 665–696. 2650: 99: 8293: 2980: 2756: 1724: 12165: 7132: 4636: 4565: 2414:. Almost half of the kittens born in member zoos died within the first 30 days, reaching the highest 2004: 1300: 2572: 11786: 10380: 10190: 10085: 8824: 7114: 6842: 6809: 6785: 6606: 5858: 3287: 2111:) and bird feathers were found near breeding burrows of Pallas's cats. In Transbaikal, it preys on 2008: 1636:, the Pallas's cat was recorded inside and in the vicinity of protected areas. In the south of the 1613: 352: 312:

in its native range, which receives little rainfall and experiences a wide range of temperatures.

12628: 9852: 8833: 8564: 8257: 8192: 7574: 7150: 6623: 6145: 4876: 4854: 2477: 2441: 2437:. As of 2018, 177 Pallas's cats were kept in 60 zoos in Europe, Russia, North America and Japan. 2128: 1830: 12455: 4767: 12535: 12390: 12247: 10076: 9828: 9641: 9517: 9129: 9111: 8939: 8633: 8624: 8266: 7004: 5796: 4143:

Greco, I.; Oberosler, V.; Monti, I.E.; Augugliaro, C.; Barashkova, A. & Rovero, F. (2022).

3282: 2685: 2681: 2003:. In autumn 2012, it was also photographed at an elevation of 4,122 m (13,524 ft) in 1948: 1767: 643: 526: 497: 460: 437: 264: 4699: 3036: 2180: 1723:, a camera trap recorded an individual in 2019. The Pallas's cat is allegedly also present in 378:

Due to its widespread range and assumed large population, the Pallas's cat has been listed as

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Birds and mammals in Dash-e Nawar, Afghanistan: occurrence and hunting pressure, 2007 surveys

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in 2012. The surrounding area consists of rocky steppe habitat dominated by mountain almond (

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teeth are powerful, and the upper carnassials are short and massive. The first pair of upper

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lines across the lower back. Its grey tail has seven narrow black rings and a black tip. The

501: 410: 391: 221: 8275: 8171: 4449: 3968:"Eurasian lynx and Pallas's cat in Dolpa district of Nepal: genetics, distribution and diet" 3631: 2324:

in the frame of rodent control measures in the early 21st century poisoned the prey base of

1293: 12574: 12416: 12346: 12294: 10094: 9995: 9954: 9668: 9179: 8907: 8233: 7298: 7048: 7039: 6995: 6950: 6573: 6079: 5814: 5640: 4232: 3912:"First record of Pallas's cat in Uttarakhand, Nelang valley, Gangotri National Park, India" 3321:

Otaghvar, Y. T.; Chahartaghi, N. R.; Sepahvand, P.; Kazari, M. & Khayat, A. S. (2017).

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Jutzeler, E.; Xie, Y. & Vogt, K. (2010). "The smaller felids of China. Pallas's cat".

8: 12633: 10508: 10373: 10334: 10280: 10052: 9499: 9385: 9367: 9212: 9061: 8966: 8216: 8162: 7911: 7653: 7644: 6908: 6181: 6163: 6018: 5867: 5370: 2903:"Phylogenomic evidence for ancient hybridization in the genomes of living cats (Felidae)" 1806: 1633: 1555: 1448: 534: 449: 309: 47: 7404: 4236: 4021:"First report of Pallas's cat in Sagarmatha National Park – Mount Everest Region, Nepal" 3784: 3320: 2826: 1328: 10395: 10149: 9376: 8898: 8588: 8311: 8284: 7547: 7289: 7141: 6244: 6136: 6036: 5976: 5361: 5297: 4974: 4869: 4521: 4430: 4383: 4345: 4279: 4125: 3891:

Mahar, N.; Shrotriya, S.; Habib, B.; Singh, S.; Takpa, J. & Hussain, S. A. (2017).

3735: 3612: 3385: 3256: 2927: 2902: 2846: 2594: 2481: 2465: 2096: 2028: 2011:, providing the first genetic evidence of the cat's presence in the eastern Himalayas. 1731: 1660: 669: 594: 433: 348: 316: 238: 94: 2549: 2433:, which also coordinates the captive breeding program for the Pallas's cat within the 2310: 1901: 1408: 689:

based on analysis of nuclear DNA. Based on analysis of mitochondrial DNA, it diverged

359:, where the snow cover is below 15–20 cm (6–8 in). It finds shelter in rock 12569: 12504: 12333: 10028: 9945: 9725: 9221: 9188: 8112: 7619: 7341: 7123: 6977: 6851: 6735: 6088: 5918: 5876: 5823: 5603: 5585: 5343: 4741: 4717: 4544: 4513: 4494:"Poisoning the pika: Must protection of grasslands be at the expense of biodiversity" 4493: 4478: 4402: 4283: 4129: 4050: 4020: 4019:

Seimon, T.; Lim, M.; Nightingale, B.; Elvin, S.; Elmore, A. & Seimon, A. (2022).

4001: 3967: 3945: 3911: 3892: 3877: 3861: 3840:"Chinese mountain Cat and Pallas's Cat co-existing on the Tibetan Plateau in Sichuan" 3739: 3664: 3604: 3526: 3507: 3448: 3403: 3366: 3322: 3303: 3260: 3248: 3209: 3117: 3048: 3015: 3007: 2932: 2876: 2868: 2838: 2813: 2785:) that had recently died in the Society's Menagerie with some remarks on the species" 2781:"Exhibition of a photograph and the skull of a specimen of the Manul or Pallas' cat ( 2752: 2375: 2351: 2282: 2136: 1968: 1909: 1775: 1629: 852: 658: 541: 4434: 4349: 4039: 4002:"First photographic evidence of a Pallas's cat in Jigme Dorji National Park, Bhutan" 3893:"Recent records of the Pallas's Cat in Changthang Wildlife Sanctuary, Ladakh, India" 3717: 3616: 2850: 1975:

at elevations of 4,200 m (13,800 ft) and 4,650 m (15,260 ft) in

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in 2007. In December 2012, the Pallas's cat was recorded for the first time in the

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Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians

4659: 4426: 4040:"Communication in the Felidae with emphasis on scent marking and contact patterns" 3965: 3929:

Chanchani, P. (2008). "Sighting of a Manul or Pallas Cat in North Sikkim, India".

3244: 3157: 3136: 2686:"Notice of the Mammals of Tibet, with Description and Plates of some new Species: 12495: 12468: 11997: 11873: 11777: 11594: 11517: 10325: 10316: 10244: 10199: 9861: 9811: 9802: 9677: 9623: 9567: 9436: 9409: 9302: 9120: 9079: 9044: 8789: 7852: 7565: 7532: 7523: 7030: 6768: 6217: 5667: 5594: 5288: 5093: 5027: 5004: 3462:

Heddergott, M.; Zhumabai uulu, K.; Barashkova, A. N. & Frantz, A. C. (2016).

3404:"Pallas's cat photographed in Qurumber National Park, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan" 3179:"Distribution and status of the Pallas's cat in the south-west part of its range" 3176: 2469: 2379: 2273: 2227: 2204: 2047: 1992: 1984: 1854: 1802: 1798: 1681: 1654: 1600:

The Pallas's cat inhabits rocky slopes in the Koh-i-Baba Range of the Hindu Kush.

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records from the Caucasus with a new record from Armenia (Mammalia: Felidae)".

3005: 2631:. Vol. 1. Petropoli: Officina Caes. Acadamiae scientiarum. pp. 20–23. 2449: 2415: 1960: 1850: 1846: 1822: 1590: 1471: 1400: 505: 441: 4848: 4721: 4674: 4509: 2547: 1952: 1680:

range in April 2007. The Pallas's cat was also photographed multiple times in

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grasses. In the central part of its range, it inhabits hilly landscapes, high

12617: 12411: 12270: 12213: 11863: 11510: 11482: 11466: 11345: 11314: 10778: 10470: 10262: 10158: 10131: 9757: 9455: 9400: 8922: 8866: 8607: 8248: 7703: 7265: 6430: 6397: 6199: 6190: 6127: 6027: 5985: 5837: 5430: 4707: 3665:"Pallas' Cat ecology and Conservation in the Semi-desert Steppes of Mongolia" 3648: 3488: 3463: 3364: 3252: 2864: 2558: 2493: 2371: 2329: 2051: 1996: 1897: 1881: 1862: 1834: 1712: 1708: 1669: 1649: 1467: 1444: 1283: 704:

Phylogenetic relationships of the Pallas's cat as derived through analysis of

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Mammals of the Soviet Union. Volume II, Part 2: Carnivora (Hyaenas and Cats)

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Xu, Y.; Liu, J.; Jiang, E.; Xu, Y.; Ning, F.; Du, Z. & Bai, X. (2019).

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Bulletin Scientifique. Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint Petersbourg

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burrows as shelter. In central Mongolia, 29 Pallas's cats were fitted with

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Wozencraft, W. C. (2008). "Pallas' cat". In Smith, A. T.; Xie, Y. (eds.).

4365:"Influence of seasonality on reproductive traits of the male Pallas' cat ( 3808: 3547: 2918: 2900: 1429: 1426: 691: 12372: 12279: 12203: 12177: 12140: 12103: 12062: 12052: 12025: 12011: 11933: 11903: 11489: 11475: 11432: 11324: 11257: 11236: 11158: 11101: 11079: 11001: 10916: 10892: 10878: 10868: 10828: 10730: 10597: 10577: 10556: 9903: 9094: 9011: 8984: 8733: 8647: 8579: 8505: 8496: 8463: 8421: 8386: 8103: 7996: 7828: 7368: 7280: 7188: 6833: 6406: 6226: 5891: 5805: 5788: 5765: 5728: 5612: 5576: 5421: 5210: 5065: 4944: 4401:

Dibadj, P.; Jafari, B.; Nejat, F.; Qashqaei, A.T. & Ross, S. (2018).

4018: 3210:"Distribution and status of the manul in Central Asia and adjacent areas" 2714:(1928). "On a new form of the steppe cat from the Transcaspian region ". 2661:(First ed.). London: British Museum of Natural History. p. 308. 2473: 2399: 2318: 2306: 2200: 2192: 2168: 2120: 2071: 2031:. Of nine Pallas's cat kittens observed in captivity, only the two males 1940: 1921: 1858: 1810: 1771: 1673: 1645: 1617: 1547: 1366: 932: 794: 774: 639: 573: 569: 545: 478: 445: 320: 275: 4816: 4387: 4171: 3662: 3599: 3578: 3345:"Baseline information and status assessment of the Pallas's cat in Iran" 1935:

The presence of the Pallas's cat in the Himalayas was first reported in

1407:

are large and directed forward. Its legs are short with short and sharp

12522: 12364: 12130: 12086: 12076: 12069: 12035: 11956: 11923: 11853: 11675: 11542: 11331: 11227: 11072: 11056: 11022: 11013: 10859: 10739: 10703: 10606: 10520: 10497: 10482: 10455: 10397: 10112: 9358: 9289: 9276: 9243: 9029: 8767: 8527: 8075: 8052: 7938: 7929: 7878: 7843: 7819: 7583: 7482: 7431: 7377: 7359: 7332: 7239: 7189: 6588: 6561: 6489: 6472: 6235: 6208: 6054: 5958: 5942: 5778: 5658: 5498: 5334: 5201: 4993: 4961: 4945: 4609:. Washington, DC: Felid Taxon Advisory Group, National Zoological Park. 4161: 4144: 3943: 2422: 2383: 2366:

Pallas's cat on the Russian Federation two-ruble coin, silver, reverse.

2220: 2087:

with its paws from shallow burrows. In the Altai Mountains, remains of

2060: 2032: 1944: 1905: 1838: 1763: 1755: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1677: 1605: 1582: 1551: 1543: 1455: 1436: 1416: 1392: 1347: 1336: 1032: 368: 336: 161: 4736: 4362: 4188:"Dietary composition, plasticity, and prey selection of Pallas's Cats" 3909: 3822: 2070:

In an unprotected area in central Mongolia, Pallas's cats were mainly

1920:, it was observed at several places in habitat that was frequented by 12377: 12018: 11963: 11893: 11883: 11826: 11743: 11584: 11572: 11386: 11375: 11299: 11195: 11188: 10936: 10787: 10760: 10753: 10440: 10043: 9978: 9591: 9531: 9317: 9138: 8753: 8745: 8694: 8544: 8430: 8412: 8126: 7960: 7793: 7635: 7601: 7413: 7105: 6379: 5849: 5325: 4893: 4840: 4762: 4687:. Yulee: American Association of Zoo Veterinarians. pp. 168–169. 2716:

Doklady Akademii Nauk Soyuza Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik

2453: 2325: 2250: 2235: 2160: 1609: 1515: 1495: 1491: 1483: 1320: 619: 565: 482: 340: 151: 111: 12241: 4785:[The results of the Zoo Mascot voting have been summed up]. 4463:. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group. pp. 97–99. 4121: 4090: 3302:

Chalani, M.; Ghoddousi, A.; Ghadirian, T. & Goljani, R. (2008).

2809:"The Late Miocene radiation of modern Felidae: A genetic assessment" 2808: 1604:

On the Iranian Plateau, two Pallas's cats were encountered near the

1565:

region is considered climatically suitable for the Pallas's cat. In

12489: 12264: 12193: 12186: 11990: 11983: 11716: 11703: 11561: 11496: 11271: 11250: 11243: 11216: 11181: 11174: 11086: 11038: 10964: 10804: 10746: 10586: 10428: 10401: 9740: 9203: 9020: 8996: 8357: 8207: 8153: 8089: 8084: 8037: 7969: 7887: 7757: 7506: 7497: 7395: 7350: 7230: 7063: 6800: 6709: 6678: 6638: 6525: 6457: 6365: 6356: 5676: 5472: 5225: 5108: 5075: 4924: 4912: 3632:"New findings of the Pallas's cat in Vitim Plateau (Transbaikalia)" 3383: 2863: 2426: 2314: 2258: 1917: 1685: 1586: 1420: 1372: 1332: 1324: 1276: 609: 387: 375:. The female gives birth to between two and six kittens in spring. 328: 131: 4780: 3525:

Barashkova, A. N.; Kirilyuk, V. E. & Smelansky, I. E. (2017).

2806: 2452:. After 69 days, she gave birth to four kittens, of which one was 12595: 11974: 11837: 11601: 11065: 10885: 10712: 10546: 10409: 10122: 9969: 9843: 9558: 9070: 8400: 7866: 7422: 7386: 7253: 7221: 7205: 6718: 6421: 6000: 5481: 5388: 5306: 5234: 5176: 5153: 5046: 4328:(Pallas, 1776)" [Note on the reproduction of the manul]. 4219:

Baatargal, O. & Suuri, B. (2021). "Diet of the Pallas's cat (

3365:

Joolaee, L.; Moghimi, B.; Ansari, M. & Ghoddousi, A. (2014).

1972: 1842: 1701: 1566: 1535: 1524: 1499: 1396: 1355: 729: 555: 304: 181: 171: 3367:"First record of Pallas's Cat from Fars Province, Southern Iran" 3304:"First Pallas's Cat Photo-trapped in Khojir National Park, Iran" 2215: 1704:

dominated forest at 3,445 m (11,302 ft) in July 2012.

1454:

The mitochondrial genome of the Pallas's cat consists of 16,672

12351: 12307: 11608: 11264: 11167: 10821: 10434: 10422: 10226: 10173: 9918: 9606: 9340: 8060: 7721: 7556: 7313: 6750: 5522: 5448: 5397: 5379: 5352: 5273: 5135: 4918: 4906: 4563: 4257: 4185: 3838:

Webb, R.; Francis, S.; Telfer, P. & Guillemont, A. (2016).

3684: 2362: 2231: 2164: 2084: 2056: 2043: 2019: 1988: 1956: 1936: 1793:

In the South Siberian Mountains, it inhabits grasslands on the

1641: 1335:

is 40 mm (1.6 in) long and 19 μm thick, and the

623: 395: 372: 364: 141: 121: 4262:) in the Gongga Mountain Nature Reserve, based on fecal DNA". 3577:

Naidenko, S. V.; Pavlova, E. V. & Kirilyuk, V. E. (2014).

3343:

Farhadinia, M. S.; Moqanaki, E. M. & Adibi, M. A. (2016).

3323:"First record of Pallas's cat in Kavdeh No-hunting Area, Iran" 2901:

Li, G.; Davis, B. W.; Eizirik, E. & Murphy, W. J. (2016).

1620:

recorded a Pallas's cat on the southern slopes of the central

12582: 12463: 12004: 10405: 10208: 10067: 10010: 9883: 9686: 9543: 9170: 9152: 8775: 8445: 7694: 7679: 6340: 5631: 5126: 3562:

Koshkarev, E. (1998). "Discovery of manul in eastern Sayan".

3451:(Report). Trondheim: Norwegian Institute for Nature Research. 2867:; Yamaguchi, N.; Johnson, W. E. & O'Brien, S. J. (2010). 2445: 2254: 2242: 2036: 1964: 1857:, its presence was documented for the first time in 1997. In 1814: 1697: 1530: 1511: 1503: 1388: 1351: 1315: 642:

in tissue samples from all Felidae species revealed that the

584: 514: 464: 84: 78: 4479:

Silent steppe: the illegal wildlife trade crisis in Mongolia

3134: 3006:

Kitchener, A.C.; Van Valkenburgh, B.; Yamaguchi, N. (2010).

1596: 323:. Since then, it has been recorded across a large region in 12042: 9582: 8478: 7803: 7739: 5412: 5144: 5002: 4760:[The manul has become a cult figure on the Runet]. 4589: 4324:

Schauenberg, P. (1978). "Note sur la reproduction du manul

4049:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. pp. 749–766. 3505: 2188: 1570: 605: 4677:"Creating Gene Flow between wild and captive Pallas Cats ( 3663:

Murdoch, J. D.; Munkhzul, T. & Reading, R. P. (2006).

3226: 3047:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 219–224. 7712: 7321: 5649: 4604: 3114:

10.1890/0012-9658(2007)88[347:bfaeat]2.0.co;2

2007:. In 2019, scat samples of two individuals were found in 1311: 402: 30: 4832: 4577:

Topical issues of zoology, ecology and nature protection

4573:

Aktual'nyye voprosy zoologii, ekologii i okhrany prirody

4363:

Swanson, W. F.; Brown, J. L. & Wildt, D. E. (1996).

3910:

Pal, R.; Bhattacharya, T. & Sathyakumar, S. (2019).

3890: 3099: 3034: 2989:

Mlekopitaiuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza. Vysšaia Škola, Moskva

2659:

Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946

2607:

Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs

1730:

Historical records of the Pallas's cat are known in the

1354:

contract to small circular disks in sunlight. Among the

390:, prey base decline due to rodent control programs, and 4850:

Wildlife Instincts: Pallas's Cat – Master of the Plains

4476: 3527:"Significance of Protected Areas for the Pallas's Cat ( 2875:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 59–82. 2649:

Ellerman, J. R. & Morrison-Scott, T. C. S. (1951).

2179:) dominated in the diet of Pallas's cats in Mongolia's 1766:, it inhabits the highlands and steppes of central and 661:

of all Felidae species indicates a radiation at around

4714:

The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma

4543:. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 395. 4218: 2648: 4461:

Wild Cats: status survey and conservation action plan

3401: 3384:

Ostrowski, S.; Rajabi, A. M. & Noori, H. (2008).

2871:. In Macdonald, D. W. & Loveridge, A. J. (eds.). 12209: 12199: 12151: 12136: 12126: 12116: 12099: 12082: 12058: 12048: 12031: 11944: 11929: 11919: 11909: 11899: 11889: 11879: 11869: 11859: 11849: 11815: 11805: 11774: 11759: 11749: 11739: 11729: 11664: 11654: 11644: 11634: 11624: 11614: 11590: 11580: 11550: 11463: 11448: 11438: 11428: 11418: 11408: 11398: 11342: 11311: 11143: 11133: 11123: 11113: 10874: 10844: 10834: 10810: 10800: 10688: 10678: 10668: 10658: 10648: 10638: 10628: 10618: 10562: 10552: 10542: 10532: 10494: 10478: 10467: 8543: 5939: 4739:[The manul cat is a new star of the Runet]. 3862:"Status and Conservation of Large Mammals in Ladakh" 3338: 3336: 3203: 3201: 3199: 3197: 3195: 3137:"The complete mitochondrial genome of Pallas's cat ( 3014:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 83–106. 1868:

The Pallas's cat inhabits the semi-desert steppe of

1758:. In 2013, a dead female was found in a valley near 386:

since 2020. Some population units are threatened by

3767: 3420: 1955:scrub at 4,800 m (15,700 ft) in 2019. In 1789:

The species inhabits grassland on the Ukuk Plateau.

4681:) through assisted Reproduction with frozen Semen" 4319: 4317: 4037: 3789:) and other species on the Tibetan Plateau, China" 3449:Rapid assessments of wildlife in Turkmenistan 2018 3428:[The mammals of the Transcaspian Region]. 3391:(Report). New York: Wildlife Conservation Society. 3172: 3170: 3168: 2729:Brandt J. F. (1842). "Observations sur le manoul ( 2386:. In Turkmenistan, it is proposed to be listed as 2050:between June 2005 and October 2007. They used 101 4783:"Подведены итоги голосования «Талисман зоопарка»" 4538: 4186:Ross, S.; Munkhtsog, B. & Harris, S. (2010). 3961: 3959: 3685:Ross, S.; Munkhtsog, B. & Harris, S. (2012). 3333: 3192: 2286:) as breeding dens for a litter of four kittens. 12615: 6339: 4716:. London: Taylor & Francis. pp. 83–84. 3753:Mallon, D. (2002). "Manul sighting in Qinghai". 3629: 3272: 3270: 2751: 440:a Pallas's cat that he had encountered near the 315:The Pallas's cat was first described in 1776 by 4564:Rustamov, E. A. & Belousova, А. В. (2020). 4323: 4314: 3165: 2978: 2974: 2972: 2970: 2968: 2966: 2789:Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 2573:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T15640A180145377.en 2517:Nowell, K.; Timmons, Z. & Tobe, S. (2017). 2336:region of the Tibetan Plateau, 54,147 km ( 2042:The Pallas's cat uses caves, rock crevices and 4491: 4472: 4470: 4310:(PhD thesis). Davis: University of California. 4068: 4066: 3956: 3680: 3678: 3464:"First record and molecular identification of 3010:. In Macdonald, D.W.; Loveridge, A.J. (eds.). 2979:Heptner, V. G. & Sludskii, A. A. (1992) . 2964: 2962: 2960: 2958: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2950: 2948: 2946: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2761:Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée 2680: 2210: 405:since the early 1950s. As of 2018, 60 zoos in 10381: 7203: 5044: 4877: 4697: 4579:]. Moscow: ЗооВетКнига. pp. 147–154. 4447: 4304:Reproductive behavior of small captive cats ( 4297: 4295: 4293: 3928: 3859: 3561: 3267: 3072: 2778: 2774: 2772: 2770: 2676: 2674: 2672: 2670: 2668: 2622: 2390:due to the scarcity of contemporary records. 4891: 3989:(Report). Wangchuck Centennial Park and WWF. 3508:"Pallas's cat in the Altai Republic, Russia" 3068: 3066: 3064: 2896: 2894: 2892: 2857: 2728: 2710: 1967:Himalayas. It was photographed in the upper 1585:are limited to a Pallas's cat skin found in 1358:, it shares this trait of round pupils with 4781:Администрация Московского зоопарка (2012). 4755: 4734: 4467: 4356: 4063: 3999: 3675: 3506:Barashkova, A. & Smelansky, I. (2011). 2943: 2869:"Phylogeny and evolution of cats (Felidae)" 2795: 2511: 2509: 1951:, a Pallas's cat was photographed in rocky 1477: 10388: 10374: 5064: 4884: 4870: 4369:) and implications for captive management" 4301: 4290: 3984: 3752: 2767: 2665: 2492:The Pallas's cat is featured in a Russian 2464:'Manul' is the Pallas's cat's name in the 463:in 1842 was based on three specimens from 274: 56: 29: 9287: 5776: 4959: 4605:Wildt, D. E. & Mellen, J. D. (1984). 4203: 4170: 4160: 3807: 3702: 3647: 3598: 3546: 3501: 3499: 3487: 3286: 3156: 3077:[Overview of Russian small cats] 3061: 2926: 2889: 2644: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2587: 2571: 2264:In the wild, the female gives birth to a 2249:than in the non-breeding season, and its 327:, albeit in widely spaced sites from the 16:Small wild cat species (Otocolobus manul) 7633: 4619: 3987:Near threatened Pallas' Cat found in WCP 3785:"A communal sign post of Snow Leopards ( 3636:Mongolian Journal of Biological Sciences 3035:Sunquist, M. & Sunquist, F. (2002). 2694:Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 2618: 2616: 2506: 2361: 2230:at the age of about one year. She is in 2214: 2203:fish were found in Pallas's cat scat in 2018: 2014: 1926: 1784: 1595: 1379:The Pallas's cat is about the size of a 668:. The Pallas's cat is estimated to have 646:of the Felidae began in Asia during the 11714: 6707: 5470: 4991: 4841:"Pallas's Cat Working Group (outdated)" 4477:Wingard, J.R. & Zahler, P. (2006). 3012:Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids 2873:Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids 2253:was more concentrated with more normal 1991:, namely in rolling hills dominated by 12616: 9800: 8036: 3496: 3075:"Übersicht der russischen Kleinkatzen" 2635: 2593: 2543: 2541: 2539: 2537: 2535: 2382:since 2006. In China, it is listed as 1750:, it is present at high elevations of 12246: 12245: 11701: 11297: 10999: 10453: 10369: 9274: 8731: 8035: 7187: 6322: 5763: 4943: 4865: 4448:Nowell, K. & Jackson, P. (1996). 3796:International Journal of Biodiversity 2613: 2487: 2435:European Endangered Species Programme 319:, who observed it in the vicinity of 283:The distribution of the Pallas's cat 12601:102E68ED-8B54-42B5-9186-F2390244C752 3028: 2431:Royal Zoological Society of Scotland 2418:in captivity of any small wild cat. 1914:Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve 1904:in 2001. One of them swam across an 1896:at 4,087 m (13,409 ft) in 1752:Sarychat-Ertash State Nature Reserve 600:in the western and northern part of 12624:IUCN Red List least concern species 6254:South African small-spotted genet ( 4758:"Манул стал культовым котом Рунета" 2559:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2532: 2440:In 2011, a female Pallas's cat was 2078: 1589:and a sighting of an individual in 1550:vegetation, such as low shrubs and 13: 4149:The Journal of Wildlife Management 4038:Wemmer, C. & Scow, K. (1977). 2001:Wangchuck Centennial National Park 1696:, an individual was recorded on a 1314:is light grey with pale yellowish- 1266: 401:The Pallas's cat has been kept in 14: 12655: 6598:Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose ( 4853:. Free Documentary Nature. 2020. 4809: 4737:"Кот манул – новая звезда Рунета" 4724:– via the Internet Archive. 2408:Association of Zoos and Aquariums 1870:Ikh Nartiin Chuluu Nature Reserve 1593:, both in the late 20th century. 1423:is absent. The dental formula is 357:montane grasslands and shrublands 12644:Taxa named by Peter Simon Pallas 6323: 4857:from the original on 2021-12-12. 4376:Journal of Zoo Wildlife Medicine 3583:) of the Daurian steppe, Russia" 3581:Felis [Otocolobus] manul 3531:Felidae) Conservation in Russia" 1878:Gobi Gurvansaikhan National Park 1827:Sayano-Shushenski Nature Reserve 1640:, an individual was caught in a 1569:, an individual was killed near 1292: 1275: 98: 11000: 8732: 5764: 4774: 4749: 4728: 4691: 4668: 4653: 4613: 4598: 4583: 4557: 4541:A Guide to the Mammals of China 4532: 4485: 4441: 4394: 4251: 4212: 4179: 4136: 4097: 4031: 4012: 3993: 3978: 3937: 3922: 3903: 3884: 3853: 3831: 3816: 3776: 3761: 3746: 3711: 3656: 3623: 3570: 3555: 3518: 3455: 3440: 3426:"Die Säugethiere Transkaspiens" 3414: 3395: 3377: 3358: 3314: 3295: 3220: 3128: 3093: 2999: 2393: 2357: 568:and the Kopet Dag mountains to 554:to be distributed in Tibet and 10454: 9275: 4492:Wu, L. & Wang, H. (2017). 4245:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2021.104583 3083:Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde 2745: 2722: 2704: 2468:. It is called 'manol' in the 2317:. In Mongolia, the use of the 1: 11298: 6010:Malabar large-spotted civet ( 4825:IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group 4698:Blanford, W. T. (1888–1891). 4427:10.1080/21658005.2018.1520722 3245:10.1080/09397140.2020.1865663 3158:10.1080/23802359.2019.1568207 2499: 2476:'Pallas's cat' was coined by 1715:in the late 19th century. In 1616:in 2008. In the same year, a 452:were subsequently described: 398:and infrastructure projects. 11702: 10272:Indonesian mountain weasel ( 9928:North American river otter ( 8816:Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk ( 5870:Macrogalidia musschenbroekii 4789:(in Russian). Archived from 4571:. In Bannikov, A. G. (ed.). 4225:Journal of Arid Environments 3946:"Nepal's first Pallas's cat" 3878:10.1016/0006-3207(91)90092-N 3587:Journal of Wildlife Diseases 2459: 1981:Shey-Phoksundo National Park 1874:Khustain Nuruu National Park 1754:and in the foothills of the 1721:Sünt-Hasardag Nature Reserve 1542:valleys that are covered by 1451:at the canine tip of 113.8. 696:from a common ancestor with 630: 564:occurring from southwestern 471:Otocolobus manul ferrugineus 413:participate in Pallas's cat 409:, Russia, North America and 7: 7133:Somalian slender mongoose ( 4498:Science China Life Sciences 4079:Canadian Journal of Zoology 2398:Between 1951 and 1979, the 2245:contained three times more 2211:Reproduction and life cycle 2089:long-tailed ground squirrel 1977:Annapurna Conservation Area 1924:and their livestock herds. 494:Johann Friedrich von Brandt 420: 10: 12660: 10412:, and their extinct allies 10086:Asian small-clawed otter ( 8825:American hog-nosed skunk ( 8807:Molina's hog-nosed skunk ( 7115:Angolan slender mongoose ( 6810:Ethiopian dwarf mongoose ( 5859:Small-toothed palm civet ( 4664:(Special Issue 13): 41–45. 4342:10.1515/mamm.1978.42.3.355 4276:10.1515/mammalia-2018-0144 4045:. In Sebeok, T. A. (ed.). 3732:10.1007/s42991-021-00132-3 3354:(Special Issue 10): 38–42. 3233:Zoology in the Middle East 3216:(Special Issue 13): 14–23. 3188:(Special Issue 13): 24–30. 2528:(Special Issue 11): 21–22. 2293: 1684:between 2015 and 2017. In 1319:corner of the eyes to the 12639:Mammals described in 1776 12479: 12254: 12176: 12150: 11973: 11943: 11845: 11836: 11796: 11773: 11725: 11710: 11697: 11571: 11541: 11462: 11394: 11385: 11341: 11310: 11306: 11293: 11226: 11157: 11109: 11100: 11055: 11021: 11012: 11008: 10995: 10963: 10935: 10915: 10906: 10858: 10777: 10729: 10702: 10614: 10605: 10596: 10576: 10528: 10519: 10493: 10466: 10462: 10449: 10417: 10171: 10120: 10111: 10065: 10041: 10008: 9991: 9967: 9916: 9899: 9882: 9853:Saharan striped polecat ( 9841: 9824: 9783: 9738: 9721: 9712: 9703: 9604: 9580: 9556: 9539: 9530: 9453: 9398: 9356: 9339: 9315: 9298: 9283: 9270: 9242: 9201: 9168: 9151: 9092: 9042: 9009: 8992: 8983: 8920: 8879: 8846: 8834:Striped hog-nosed skunk ( 8787: 8766: 8744: 8740: 8727: 8663: 8646: 8605: 8577: 8565:Mediterranean monk seal ( 8560: 8526: 8476: 8443: 8408: 8399: 8373: 8356: 8337: 8294:Juan Fernández fur seal ( 8258:South American fur seal ( 8246: 8229: 8205: 8193:South American sea lion ( 8188: 8151: 8134: 8125: 8101: 8073: 8051: 8047: 8031: 7995: 7968: 7959: 7900: 7874: 7865: 7841: 7817: 7802: 7791: 7692: 7666: 7618: 7575:South American gray fox ( 7545: 7519: 7495: 7478: 7463: 7448: 7311: 7278: 7261: 7252: 7219: 7199: 7183: 7151:Common slender mongoose ( 7103: 7061: 7017: 6921: 6895: 6886: 6831: 6798: 6781: 6748: 6731: 6698: 6677: 6636: 6624:Narrow-striped mongoose ( 6619: 6586: 6569: 6560: 6523: 6497: 6488: 6471: 6455: 6419: 6393: 6378: 6354: 6335: 6331: 6318: 6286: 6282: 6146:Crested servaline genet ( 6101: 6062: 6053: 5998: 5972: 5957: 5935: 5889: 5845: 5836: 5787: 5772: 5759: 5727: 5629: 5565: 5548: 5539: 5511: 5494: 5461: 5410: 5323: 5286: 5269: 5260: 5223: 5199: 5190: 5174: 5106: 5073: 5060: 5040: 4987: 4970: 4955: 4939: 4901: 4594:(Special Issue 5): 37–39. 4510:10.1007/s11427-016-0222-0 4407:woodland by Pallas's cat 4403:"Maternal habitat use of 3630:Moroldoev, I. V. (2019). 3541:(Supplement 1): 113–124. 3424:& Walter, A. (1889). 3008:"Felid form and function" 2005:Jigme Dorji National Park 1301:Howletts Wild Animal Park 1237: 1215: 1173: 1151: 1129: 1116: 1109: 1102: 1095: 1085: 1060: 1030: 1013: 1006: 996: 989: 982: 974: 930: 908: 883: 850: 821: 792: 772: 765: 758: 751: 741: 734: 723: 282: 273: 251: 246: 227: 220: 95:Scientific classification 93: 76: 54: 45: 37: 28: 23: 10209:Stoat/Beringian ermine ( 10077:African clawless otter ( 9829:African striped weasel ( 9642:Yellow-throated marten ( 9518:Formosan ferret-badger ( 9222:Western mountain coati ( 9213:Eastern mountain coati ( 9130:Western lowland olingo ( 9112:Eastern lowland olingo ( 8940:Southern spotted skunk ( 8634:Southern elephant seal ( 8625:Northern elephant seal ( 8415:Pagophilus groenlandicus 7192:("dog-like" carnivorans) 7005:Stripe-necked mongoose ( 6626:Mungotictis decemlineata 5501:Herpailurus yagouaroundi 4948:("cat-like" carnivorans) 4108:, in central Mongolia". 3649:10.22353/mjbs.2019.17.09 3489:10.1515/helmin-2016-0015 3145:Mitochondrial DNA Part B 2983:Felis (Otocolobus) manul 2700:(1): 275–289, Plate 333. 2444:for the first time with 2442:artificially inseminated 2219:Pallas's cat kittens in 2009:Sagarmatha National Park 1809:. It is also present in 1614:East Azerbaijan Province 1478:Distribution and habitat 1391:is rounded with a short 367:, and preys foremost on 353:South Siberian Mountains 10254:Yellow-bellied weasel ( 9509:Burmese ferret-badger ( 9491:Chinese ferret-badger ( 9482:Bornean ferret badger ( 9473:Vietnam ferret-badger ( 8958:Eastern spotted skunk ( 8949:Western spotted skunk ( 8679:Leptonychotes weddellii 8321:Subantarctic fur seal ( 8267:Australasian fur seal ( 7091:Black-footed mongoose ( 7073:Bushy-tailed mongoose ( 7022:White-tailed mongoose ( 6960:Indian brown mongoose ( 6942:Short-tailed mongoose ( 6933:Small Indian mongoose ( 6870:Flat-headed kusimanse ( 6843:Alexander's kusimanse ( 6819:Common dwarf mongoose ( 6786:Pousargues's mongoose ( 6648:Brown-tailed mongoose ( 6607:Grandidier's mongoose ( 5861:Arctogalidia trivirgata 5085:Sunda clouded leopard ( 4205:10.1644/09-MAMM-A-342.1 4047:How animals communicate 3866:Biological Conservation 3704:10.1644/11-MAMM-A-060.1 2835:10.1126/science.1122277 2478:William Thomas Blanford 2141:Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax 2129:Daurian ground squirrel 1853:rivers. In the eastern 1831:Tunkinsky National Park 1770:, the periphery of the 1725:Köpetdag Nature Reserve 1217:other Felinae lineages 910:other Felinae lineages 664:16.76 to 6.46 653:14.45 to 8.38 540:to be distributed from 448:. Several Pallas's cat 10095:Congo clawless otter ( 9998:Hydrictis maculicollis 9996:Spotted-necked otter ( 9955:Southern river otter ( 9906:Pteronura brasiliensis 9669:European pine marten ( 9180:South American coati ( 8908:Palawan stink badger ( 8234:New Zealand sea lion ( 7299:Japanese raccoon dog ( 6996:Crab-eating mongoose ( 6951:Indian grey mongoose ( 6574:Ring-tailed vontsira ( 6385:(bone-crushing hyenas) 6080:Central African oyan ( 5641:Chinese mountain cat ( 3860:Mallon, D. P. (1991). 3430:Zoologische Jahrbücher 3073:Ogneff, S. J. (1930). 3045:Wild Cats of the World 2779:Pocock, R. I. (1907). 2623:Pallas, P. S. (1811). 2566:: e.T15640A180145377. 2367: 2223: 2024: 1949:Gangotri National Park 1932: 1790: 1768:east Kazakhstan Region 1690:Qurumber National Park 1601: 1490:. It inhabits montane 1350:is yellowish, and its 644:evolutionary radiation 527:Terence Morrison-Scott 461:Brian Houghton Hodgson 12451:Paleobiology Database 10335:Back-striped weasel ( 10281:Black-footed ferret ( 10053:Smooth-coated otter ( 9831:Poecilogale albinucha 9500:Javan ferret-badger ( 9386:Sumatran hog badger ( 9368:Northern hog badger ( 9062:Crab-eating raccoon ( 8967:Pygmy spotted skunk ( 8688:Lobodon carcinophagus 8424:Histriophoca fasciata 8217:Australian sea lion ( 8163:California sea lion ( 7912:American black bear ( 7654:Black-backed jackal ( 7645:Side-striped jackal ( 7485:Chrysocyon brachyurus 6909:Long-nosed mongoose ( 6182:Rusty-spotted genet ( 6019:Large-spotted civet ( 5868:Sulawesi palm civet ( 5797:Owston's palm civet ( 5371:Andean mountain cat ( 4833:"Manul Working Group" 3548:10.24189/ncr.2017.019 2919:10.1101/gr.186668.114 2448:from the male at the 2412:Species Survival Plan 2388:Critically Endangered 2365: 2238:lasts 66 to 75 days. 2218: 2177:Lasiopodomys brandtii 2153:Mongolian silver vole 2149:Meriones unguiculatus 2133:Spermophilus dauricus 2093:Urocitellus undulatus 2022: 2015:Behaviour and ecology 1930: 1788: 1774:Desert, the northern 1760:Engilchek, Kyrgyzstan 1599: 692:9.4 to 1.46 685:8.55 to 4.8 502:Reginald Innes Pocock 392:habitat fragmentation 299:), also known as the 10150:Long-tailed weasel ( 9728:Lyncodon patagonicus 9377:Greater hog badger ( 8899:Sunda stink badger ( 8589:Hawaiian monk seal ( 8312:Guadalupe fur seal ( 8285:Antarctic fur seal ( 8276:Galápagos fur seal ( 8172:Galápagos sea lion ( 7290:Common raccoon dog ( 7142:Cape gray mongoose ( 7082:Jackson's mongoose ( 7042:Paracynictis selousi 7033:Cynictis penicillata 6657:Durrell's vontsira ( 6245:Giant forest genet ( 6037:Large Indian civet ( 5977:Small Indian civet ( 5586:Sunda leopard cat ( 5362:Southern tiger cat ( 5298:African golden cat ( 4975:African palm civet ( 4756:Giunter, A. (2008). 4735:Roganov, S. (2008). 4192:Journal of Mammalogy 4000:Thinley, P. (2013). 3691:Journal of Mammalogy 2718:. Seriya A: 308–310. 2234:for 26 to 42 hours. 2027:The Pallas's cat is 1780:Tarbagatai Mountains 1738:along the border of 1626:Khojir National Park 1573:in the mountains of 1209:13.10–4.21 mya 670:genetically diverged 450:zoological specimens 355:. It inhabits rocky 10193:M. aistoodonnivalis 10029:Hairy-nosed otter ( 9946:Neotropical otter ( 9726:Patagonian weasel ( 9189:White-nosed coati ( 8389:Cystophora cristata 8380:Erignathus barbatus 8113:Northern fur seal ( 7890:Helarctos malayanus 7526:Atelocynus microtis 7233:U. cinereoargenteus 7124:Egyptian mongoose ( 7051:Rhynchogale melleri 7049:Meller's mongoose ( 7040:Selous's mongoose ( 7024:Ichneumia albicauda 6978:Collared mongoose ( 6852:Angolan kusimanse ( 6736:Liberian mongoose ( 6089:West African oyan ( 5988:Civettictis civetta 5919:Golden palm civet ( 5877:Masked palm civet ( 5852:Arctictis binturong 5826:Hemigalus derbyanus 5824:Banded palm civet ( 5815:Hose's palm civet ( 5604:Rusty-spotted cat ( 4415:Zoology and Ecology 4302:Mellen, J. (1989). 4237:2021JArEn.193j4583B 3985:WWF Bhutan (2012). 3809:10.1155/2013/370905 3600:10.7589/2013-03-068 2827:2006Sci...311...73J 2257:forms and a higher 2181:Sükhbaatar Province 1943:valley in 1991. In 1807:Saylyugem Mountains 1634:Kopet Dag Mountains 1556:continental climate 1449:bite force quotient 1310:The Pallas's cat's 1190:8.76–0.73 mya 1079:9.40–1.46 mya 1054:6.52–1.03 mya 874:6.54–3.42 mya 535:nominate subspecies 436:in 1776, who first 310:continental climate 48:Conservation status 10308:European polecat ( 10141:Colombian weasel ( 9791:(African polecats) 9419:Caucasian badger ( 9347:(Eurasian badgers) 8797:(hog-nosed skunks) 8534:("southern seals") 8433:Halichoerus grypus 8364:("northern seals") 8236:Phocarctos hookeri 8141:Eumetopias jubatus 8139:Steller sea lion ( 7921:Asian black bear ( 7671:African wild dog ( 7625:(wolf-like canids) 6902:Atilax paludinosus 6861:Common kusimanse ( 6788:Dologale dybowskii 6760:Gambian mongoose ( 6544:Western falanouc ( 6535:Eastern falanouc ( 6504:Cryptoprocta ferox 6409:Parahyaena brunnea 6164:Johnston's genet ( 6119:Abyssinian genet ( 6071:(African linsangs) 5979:Viverricula indica 5910:Brown palm civet ( 5901:Asian palm civet ( 5808:Cynogale bennettii 5799:Chrotogale owstoni 5695:European wildcat ( 5686:Black-footed cat ( 5276:Leptailurus serval 5244:Asian golden cat ( 5010:(Asiatic linsangs) 4162:10.1002/jwmg.22150 2488:In popular culture 2482:Peter Simon Pallas 2466:Mongolian language 2368: 2224: 2157:Alticola semicanus 2097:flat-skulled shrew 2025: 1933: 1890:Ochotona curzoniae 1791: 1732:Surxondaryo Region 1602: 1175:Rusty-spotted cat 962:mitochondrial DNA: 902:8.55–4.8 mya 481:specimen from the 434:Peter Simon Pallas 349:Altai-Sayan region 317:Peter Simon Pallas 303:, is a small wild 38:A Pallas's cat at 12611: 12610: 12570:Open Tree of Life 12248:Taxon identifiers 12239: 12238: 12235: 12234: 12231: 12230: 12227: 12226: 12223: 12222: 11693: 11692: 11689: 11688: 11685: 11684: 11289: 11288: 11285: 11284: 11281: 11280: 11096: 11095: 10991: 10990: 10987: 10986: 10983: 10982: 10959: 10958: 10955: 10954: 10902: 10901: 10363: 10362: 10359: 10358: 10355: 10354: 10351: 10350: 10347: 10346: 10326:Siberian weasel ( 10317:American ermine ( 10245:Japanese weasel ( 10200:Mountain weasel ( 10184: 10107: 10106: 9893: 9878: 9877: 9874: 9873: 9862:Striped polecat ( 9812:Marbled polecat ( 9794: 9779: 9778: 9751: 9699: 9698: 9678:Japanese marten ( 9624:American marten ( 9617: 9475:M. cucphuongensis 9466: 9449: 9448: 9437:European badger ( 9410:Japanese badger ( 9350: 9303:American badger ( 9266: 9265: 9262: 9261: 9238: 9237: 9234: 9233: 9162: 9121:Northern olingo ( 9105: 9080:Cozumel raccoon ( 9055: 8979: 8978: 8933: 8892: 8800: 8781: 8723: 8722: 8719: 8718: 8715: 8714: 8711: 8710: 8707: 8706: 8697:Ommatophoca rossi 8670:Hydrurga leptonyx 8657: 8654:(Antarctic seals) 8627:M. angustirostris 8618: 8601: 8600: 8567:Monachus monachus 8554: 8537: 8522: 8521: 8518: 8517: 8367: 8350: 8333: 8332: 8195:Otaria flavescens 8184: 8183: 8095: 8063:Odobenus rosmarus 8027: 8026: 8023: 8022: 8019: 8018: 8015: 8014: 7978: 7955: 7954: 7951: 7950: 7853:Spectacled bear ( 7811: 7787: 7786: 7783: 7782: 7779: 7778: 7627: 7614: 7613: 7533:Crab-eating fox ( 7524:Short-eared dog ( 7472: 7457: 7444: 7443: 7326: 7268:Otocyon megalotis 7212: 7179: 7178: 7175: 7174: 7171: 7170: 7167: 7166: 7163: 7162: 7031:Yellow mongoose ( 6882: 6881: 6769:Banded mongoose ( 6738:Liberiictus kuhni 6692: 6673: 6672: 6669: 6668: 6556: 6555: 6482: 6451: 6450: 6447: 6446: 6443: 6442: 6387: 6348: 6314: 6313: 6310: 6309: 6306: 6305: 6278: 6277: 6274: 6273: 6270: 6269: 6266: 6265: 6218:Servaline genet ( 6137:Bourlon's genet ( 6112: 6073: 6049: 6048: 5931: 5930: 5903:P. hermaphroditus 5755: 5754: 5751: 5750: 5747: 5746: 5723: 5722: 5719: 5718: 5715: 5714: 5711: 5710: 5707: 5706: 5668:African wildcat ( 5625: 5624: 5595:Flat-headed cat ( 5535: 5534: 5319: 5318: 5256: 5255: 5170: 5169: 5166: 5165: 5094:Clouded leopard ( 5053: 5028:Spotted linsang ( 5012: 4977:Nandinia binotata 4793:on 9 October 2012 4742:Argumenty i Facty 4622:"Pallas' Cat PMP" 4620:Bray, S. (2010). 4607:Felid Action Plan 4405:Juniperus excelsa 4110:Wildlife Research 3720:Mammalian Biology 3535:Заповедная наука 3468:in a Pallas' cat 3054:978-0-226-77999-7 2882:978-0-19-923445-5 2763:. 2 (X): 385–393. 2688:Felis nigripectus 2376:CITES Appendix II 2283:Juniperus excelsa 2159:) and remains of 2137:red-billed chough 2117:Ochotona dauurica 1971:valley in alpine 1969:Marshyangdi river 1837:basin and in the 1776:Balkhash District 1399:part and rounded 1262: 1261: 1257: 1256: 1248: 1247: 1226: 1225: 1203: 1202: 1194: 1193: 1184: 1183: 1162: 1161: 1140: 1139: 1073: 1072: 1048: 1047: 957: 956: 952: 951: 943: 942: 919: 918: 896: 895: 868: 867: 853:Rusty-spotted cat 839: 838: 810: 809: 694:million years ago 687:million years ago 666:million years ago 659:mitochondrial DNA 655:million years ago 616:O. m. nigripectus 598:O. m. ferrugineus 542:Russian Turkestan 538:Felis manul manul 457:Felis nigripectus 287: 286: 261:O. m. nigripectus 202: 88: 71: 12651: 12604: 12603: 12591: 12590: 12578: 12577: 12565: 12564: 12552: 12551: 12539: 12538: 12526: 12525: 12513: 12512: 12500: 12499: 12498: 12472: 12471: 12459: 12458: 12446: 12445: 12433: 12432: 12420: 12419: 12407: 12406: 12394: 12393: 12381: 12380: 12368: 12367: 12355: 12354: 12342: 12341: 12329: 12328: 12316: 12315: 12313:otocolobus-manul 12303: 12302: 12290: 12289: 12288: 12286:Otocolobus manul 12275: 12274: 12273: 12256:Otocolobus manul 12243: 12242: 12211: 12201: 12166:Machairodontinae 12155:Machairodontinae 12153: 12138: 12128: 12118: 12101: 12084: 12060: 12050: 12033: 11946: 11931: 11921: 11911: 11901: 11891: 11881: 11871: 11861: 11851: 11843: 11842: 11817: 11807: 11776: 11761: 11751: 11741: 11731: 11723: 11722: 11712: 11711: 11699: 11698: 11666: 11656: 11646: 11636: 11626: 11616: 11592: 11582: 11552: 11504:Miohyaenotherium 11465: 11450: 11440: 11430: 11420: 11410: 11400: 11392: 11391: 11344: 11313: 11308: 11307: 11295: 11294: 11145: 11135: 11125: 11115: 11107: 11106: 11019: 11018: 11010: 11009: 10997: 10996: 10913: 10912: 10876: 10846: 10836: 10812: 10802: 10690: 10680: 10670: 10660: 10650: 10640: 10630: 10620: 10612: 10611: 10603: 10602: 10564: 10554: 10544: 10534: 10526: 10525: 10496: 10480: 10469: 10464: 10463: 10451: 10450: 10390: 10383: 10376: 10367: 10366: 10299:Malayan weasel ( 10218:Steppe polecat ( 10191:Sichuan weasel ( 10183: 10182: 10178: 10118: 10117: 10055:L. perspicillata 10020:Eurasian otter ( 9897: 9896: 9892: 9891: 9887: 9798: 9797: 9793: 9792: 9788: 9767:Greater grison ( 9750: 9749: 9745: 9719: 9718: 9710: 9709: 9660:Nilgiri marten ( 9633:Pacific marten ( 9616: 9615: 9611: 9537: 9536: 9520:M. subaurantiaca 9465: 9464: 9463:(ferret-badgers) 9460: 9354: 9353: 9349: 9348: 9344: 9296: 9295: 9285: 9284: 9272: 9271: 9166: 9165: 9161: 9160: 9156: 9104: 9103: 9099: 9054: 9053: 9049: 8990: 8989: 8932: 8931: 8930:(spotted skunks) 8927: 8891: 8890: 8886: 8799: 8798: 8794: 8785: 8784: 8780: 8779: 8771: 8742: 8741: 8729: 8728: 8686:Crabeater seal ( 8661: 8660: 8656: 8655: 8651: 8617: 8616: 8615:(elephant seals) 8612: 8591:N. schauinslandi 8558: 8557: 8553: 8552: 8548: 8541: 8540: 8536: 8535: 8531: 8406: 8405: 8371: 8370: 8366: 8365: 8361: 8354: 8353: 8349: 8348: 8342: 8303:Brown fur seal ( 8278:A. galapagoensis 8165:Z. californianus 8132: 8131: 8099: 8098: 8094: 8093: 8079: 8049: 8048: 8041: 8033: 8032: 7977: 7976: 7972: 7966: 7965: 7881:Melursus ursinus 7872: 7871: 7815: 7814: 7810: 7807: 7800: 7799: 7767:Ethiopian wolf ( 7631: 7630: 7626: 7623: 7476: 7475: 7471: 7468: 7461: 7460: 7456: 7453: 7342:Blanford's fox ( 7325: 7318: 7259: 7258: 7217: 7216: 7211: 7208: 7201: 7200: 7193: 7185: 7184: 6987:Ruddy mongoose ( 6969:Javan mongoose ( 6900:Marsh mongoose ( 6893: 6892: 6872:C. platycephalus 6705: 6704: 6696: 6695: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6567: 6566: 6511:Malagasy civet ( 6495: 6494: 6486: 6485: 6481: 6476: 6469: 6468: 6464: 6391: 6390: 6386: 6383: 6352: 6351: 6347: 6344: 6337: 6336: 6333: 6332: 6320: 6319: 6284: 6283: 6111: 6108: 6072: 6069: 6060: 6059: 5970: 5969: 5966: 5955: 5954: 5950: 5937: 5936: 5843: 5842: 5785: 5784: 5774: 5773: 5761: 5760: 5555:Otocolobus manul 5546: 5545: 5468: 5467: 5344:Geoffroy's cat ( 5267: 5266: 5197: 5196: 5188: 5187: 5183: 5071: 5070: 5062: 5061: 5058: 5057: 5052: 5049: 5042: 5041: 5019:Banded linsang ( 5011: 5008: 5000: 4999: 4989: 4988: 4968: 4967: 4957: 4956: 4949: 4941: 4940: 4886: 4879: 4872: 4863: 4862: 4858: 4844: 4836: 4828: 4819:Otocolobus manul 4803: 4802: 4800: 4798: 4778: 4772: 4771: 4766:. Archived from 4753: 4747: 4746: 4732: 4726: 4725: 4695: 4689: 4688: 4679:Otocolobus manul 4672: 4666: 4665: 4657: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4647: 4641: 4635:. Archived from 4626: 4617: 4611: 4610: 4602: 4596: 4595: 4587: 4581: 4580: 4570: 4561: 4555: 4554: 4536: 4530: 4529: 4489: 4483: 4482: 4474: 4465: 4464: 4458: 4445: 4439: 4438: 4409:Otocolobus manul 4398: 4392: 4391: 4373: 4360: 4354: 4353: 4326:Otocolobus manul 4321: 4312: 4311: 4299: 4288: 4287: 4260:Otocolobus manul 4255: 4249: 4248: 4221:Otocolobus manul 4216: 4210: 4209: 4207: 4183: 4177: 4176: 4174: 4164: 4140: 4134: 4133: 4106:Otocolobus manul 4101: 4095: 4094: 4075:Otocolobus manul 4070: 4061: 4060: 4044: 4035: 4029: 4028: 4016: 4010: 4009: 3997: 3991: 3990: 3982: 3976: 3975: 3963: 3954: 3953: 3941: 3935: 3934: 3926: 3920: 3919: 3907: 3901: 3900: 3888: 3882: 3881: 3857: 3851: 3850: 3844: 3835: 3829: 3828: 3820: 3814: 3813: 3811: 3793: 3780: 3774: 3773: 3765: 3759: 3758: 3750: 3744: 3743: 3715: 3709: 3708: 3706: 3697:(5): 1292–1300. 3682: 3673: 3672: 3660: 3654: 3653: 3651: 3627: 3621: 3620: 3602: 3574: 3568: 3567: 3559: 3553: 3552: 3550: 3529:Otocolobus manul 3522: 3516: 3515: 3503: 3494: 3493: 3491: 3472:from Kyrgyzstan" 3470:Otocolobus manul 3459: 3453: 3452: 3444: 3438: 3437: 3418: 3412: 3411: 3399: 3393: 3392: 3390: 3381: 3375: 3374: 3362: 3356: 3355: 3349: 3340: 3331: 3330: 3318: 3312: 3311: 3299: 3293: 3292: 3290: 3274: 3265: 3264: 3229:Otocolobus manul 3224: 3218: 3217: 3205: 3190: 3189: 3183: 3174: 3163: 3162: 3160: 3139:Otocolobus manul 3132: 3126: 3125: 3097: 3091: 3090: 3080: 3070: 3059: 3058: 3039:Otocolobus manul 3032: 3026: 3025: 3003: 2997: 2996: 2976: 2941: 2940: 2930: 2898: 2887: 2886: 2861: 2855: 2854: 2804: 2793: 2792: 2776: 2765: 2764: 2753:Severtzow, M. N. 2749: 2743: 2742: 2726: 2720: 2719: 2708: 2702: 2701: 2678: 2663: 2662: 2646: 2633: 2632: 2620: 2611: 2610: 2591: 2585: 2584: 2582: 2580: 2575: 2552:Otocolobus manul 2545: 2530: 2529: 2523: 2513: 2406:of the American 2404:captive breeding 2349: 2348: 2344: 2341: 2278:Marmota sibirica 2207:Nature Reserve. 2199:). Remains of a 2185:irruptive growth 2145:Mongolian gerbil 2109:Ochotona pallasi 2079:Hunting and diet 1872:in Mongolia. In 1694:Gilgit-Baltistan 1648:pastoralists in 1638:Zagros Mountains 1622:Alborz Mountains 1563:Greater Caucasus 1474:control region. 1434: 1432: 1431: 1428: 1401:zygomatic arches 1299:Pallas's cat in 1296: 1282:Pallas's cat in 1279: 1153:Flat-headed cat 1112: 1111: 1105: 1104: 1098: 1097: 1088: 1087: 1009: 1008: 999: 998: 992: 991: 985: 984: 977: 976: 969: 968: 959: 958: 768: 767: 761: 760: 754: 753: 744: 743: 737: 736: 726: 725: 718: 717: 708: 707: 695: 688: 667: 656: 638:analysis of the 622:from Kashmir to 562:F. m. ferruginea 552:F. m. nigripecta 492:was proposed by 415:captive breeding 296:Otocolobus manul 278: 233: 231:Otocolobus manul 197: 103: 102: 82: 65: 60: 59: 33: 21: 20: 12659: 12658: 12654: 12653: 12652: 12650: 12649: 12648: 12614: 12613: 12612: 12607: 12599: 12594: 12586: 12581: 12573: 12568: 12560: 12555: 12547: 12542: 12534: 12529: 12521: 12516: 12508: 12503: 12494: 12493: 12488: 12475: 12467: 12462: 12454: 12449: 12441: 12436: 12428: 12423: 12415: 12410: 12402: 12397: 12389: 12384: 12376: 12371: 12363: 12358: 12350: 12345: 12337: 12332: 12324: 12319: 12311: 12306: 12298: 12293: 12284: 12283: 12278: 12269: 12268: 12263: 12250: 12240: 12219: 12172: 12146: 11969: 11939: 11874:Hyperailurictis 11832: 11820:Palaeoprionodon 11792: 11787:Barbourofelidae 11778:Barbourofelidae 11769: 11719: 11706: 11681: 11595:Chasmaporthetes 11567: 11537: 11518:Protictitherium 11458: 11381: 11337: 11302: 11277: 11222: 11153: 11092: 11051: 11004: 10979: 10951: 10931: 10898: 10854: 10773: 10725: 10698: 10592: 10572: 10515: 10489: 10458: 10445: 10413: 10394: 10364: 10343: 10319:M. richardsonii 10263:European mink ( 10180: 10179: 10177: 10167: 10159:American mink ( 10132:Amazon weasel ( 10103: 10061: 10037: 10004: 9987: 9963: 9912: 9889: 9888: 9886: 9870: 9837: 9820: 9790: 9789: 9787: 9775: 9758:Lesser grison ( 9747: 9746: 9744: 9734: 9695: 9613: 9612: 9610: 9600: 9576: 9552: 9526: 9462: 9461: 9459: 9445: 9394: 9346: 9345: 9343: 9335: 9311: 9292: 9279: 9258: 9230: 9197: 9158: 9157: 9155: 9147: 9101: 9100: 9098: 9088: 9051: 9050: 9048: 9038: 9005: 8975: 8942:S. angustifrons 8929: 8928: 8926: 8916: 8889:(stink badgers) 8888: 8887: 8885: 8875: 8867:Striped skunk ( 8842: 8836:C. semistriatus 8796: 8795: 8793: 8773: 8772: 8770: 8762: 8756:Ailurus fulgens 8736: 8703: 8653: 8652: 8650: 8642: 8614: 8613: 8611: 8597: 8573: 8550: 8549: 8547: 8533: 8532: 8530: 8514: 8472: 8439: 8395: 8363: 8362: 8360: 8346: 8344: 8343: 8341: 8329: 8242: 8225: 8201: 8180: 8147: 8121: 8088: 8083: 8081: 8080: 8078: 8074: 8069: 8043: 8039: 8011: 7991: 7974: 7973: 7947: 7896: 7861: 7837: 7808: 7806: 7796: 7775: 7704:Golden jackal ( 7688: 7662: 7624: 7622: 7610: 7541: 7535:Cerdocyon thous 7515: 7491: 7469: 7467: 7454: 7452: 7440: 7405:Rüppell's fox ( 7319: 7317: 7307: 7292:N. procyonoides 7274: 7266:Bat-eared fox ( 7248: 7213: 7209: 7195: 7191: 7159: 7144:H. pulverulenta 7099: 7057: 7013: 6980:U. semitorquata 6935:U. auropunctata 6917: 6878: 6827: 6794: 6777: 6744: 6727: 6689: 6687: 6682: 6681: 6665: 6632: 6615: 6582: 6576:Galidia elegans 6552: 6519: 6479: 6477: 6475: 6465: 6460: 6439: 6431:Spotted hyena ( 6415: 6398:Striped hyena ( 6384: 6382: 6374: 6345: 6343: 6327: 6302: 6262: 6200:Aquatic genet ( 6191:Pardine genet ( 6128:Angolan genet ( 6109: 6107: 6097: 6082:P. richardsonii 6070: 6068: 6045: 6028:Malayan civet ( 5994: 5986:African civet ( 5962: 5961: 5951: 5946: 5945: 5941: 5927: 5885: 5832: 5817:Diplogale hosei 5781: 5768: 5743: 5703: 5621: 5561: 5541: 5531: 5507: 5490: 5463: 5457: 5431:Eurasian lynx ( 5406: 5315: 5282: 5262: 5252: 5219: 5192: 5184: 5179: 5162: 5102: 5054: 5050: 5036: 5009: 4996: 4983: 4964: 4951: 4947: 4935: 4897: 4890: 4847: 4839: 4831: 4815: 4812: 4807: 4806: 4796: 4794: 4779: 4775: 4754: 4750: 4733: 4729: 4704:. Pallas's Cat" 4696: 4692: 4673: 4669: 4658: 4654: 4645: 4643: 4639: 4629:Felid TAG Times 4624: 4618: 4614: 4603: 4599: 4588: 4584: 4568: 4562: 4558: 4551: 4537: 4533: 4490: 4486: 4475: 4468: 4456: 4454:(Pallas, 1776)" 4452:Octobulus manul 4446: 4442: 4399: 4395: 4371: 4361: 4357: 4322: 4315: 4300: 4291: 4256: 4252: 4217: 4213: 4184: 4180: 4141: 4137: 4122:10.1071/WR20061 4102: 4098: 4091:10.1139/Z10-056 4071: 4064: 4057: 4042: 4036: 4032: 4017: 4013: 3998: 3994: 3983: 3979: 3964: 3957: 3942: 3938: 3927: 3923: 3908: 3904: 3889: 3885: 3858: 3854: 3842: 3836: 3832: 3821: 3817: 3791: 3781: 3777: 3766: 3762: 3751: 3747: 3716: 3712: 3683: 3676: 3661: 3657: 3628: 3624: 3575: 3571: 3560: 3556: 3523: 3519: 3504: 3497: 3460: 3456: 3445: 3441: 3419: 3415: 3400: 3396: 3388: 3382: 3378: 3363: 3359: 3347: 3341: 3334: 3319: 3315: 3300: 3296: 3275: 3268: 3225: 3221: 3206: 3193: 3181: 3175: 3166: 3133: 3129: 3098: 3094: 3078: 3071: 3062: 3055: 3033: 3029: 3022: 3004: 3000: 2977: 2944: 2907:Genome Research 2899: 2890: 2883: 2862: 2858: 2821:(5757): 73–77. 2805: 2796: 2777: 2768: 2750: 2746: 2727: 2723: 2709: 2705: 2679: 2666: 2647: 2636: 2621: 2614: 2592: 2588: 2578: 2576: 2546: 2533: 2521: 2514: 2507: 2502: 2490: 2470:Kyrgyz language 2462: 2396: 2380:Near Threatened 2360: 2346: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2296: 2274:Tarbagan marmot 2228:sexually mature 2213: 2205:Gongga Mountain 2197:Lepus oiostolus 2191:species and of 2135:) and young of 2101:Sorex roboratus 2081: 2017: 1993:glacial outwash 1983:, Pallas's cat 1902:Qumarlêb County 1855:Sayan Mountains 1682:Bamyan Province 1655:Prunus scoparia 1579:Tavush Province 1575:Ararat Province 1488:Tibetan Plateau 1480: 1425: 1424: 1308: 1307: 1306: 1305: 1304: 1297: 1288: 1287: 1286: 1280: 1269: 1267:Characteristics 1264: 1263: 1258: 1249: 1227: 1204: 1195: 1185: 1163: 1141: 1074: 1049: 953: 944: 920: 897: 869: 840: 824:Flat-headed cat 811: 705: 690: 683: 676:with the genus 674:common ancestor 662: 651: 633: 504:recognized the 477:in 1928 was an 430:scientific name 423: 394:as a result of 345:Tibetan Plateau 339:, parts of the 333:Iranian Plateau 242: 235: 229: 216: 196: 97: 89: 72: 61: 57: 50: 17: 12: 11: 5: 12657: 12647: 12646: 12641: 12636: 12631: 12629:Felids of Asia 12626: 12609: 12608: 12606: 12605: 12592: 12579: 12566: 12553: 12540: 12527: 12514: 12501: 12485: 12483: 12477: 12476: 12474: 12473: 12460: 12447: 12434: 12421: 12408: 12395: 12382: 12369: 12356: 12343: 12330: 12317: 12304: 12291: 12276: 12260: 12258: 12252: 12251: 12237: 12236: 12233: 12232: 12229: 12228: 12225: 12224: 12221: 12220: 12218: 12217: 12207: 12197: 12190: 12182: 12180: 12174: 12173: 12171: 12170: 12169: 12168: 12159: 12157: 12148: 12147: 12145: 12144: 12134: 12124: 12114: 12107: 12097: 12090: 12080: 12073: 12066: 12056: 12046: 12039: 12029: 12022: 12015: 12008: 12001: 11994: 11987: 11979: 11977: 11971: 11970: 11968: 11967: 11960: 11952: 11950: 11941: 11940: 11938: 11937: 11927: 11917: 11907: 11897: 11887: 11877: 11867: 11857: 11846: 11840: 11834: 11833: 11831: 11830: 11823: 11813: 11802: 11800: 11798:Prionodontidae 11794: 11793: 11791: 11790: 11782: 11780: 11771: 11770: 11768: 11767: 11757: 11754:Stenoplesictis 11747: 11737: 11726: 11720: 11715: 11708: 11707: 11695: 11694: 11691: 11690: 11687: 11686: 11683: 11682: 11680: 11679: 11672: 11662: 11652: 11642: 11632: 11622: 11612: 11605: 11598: 11588: 11577: 11575: 11569: 11568: 11566: 11565: 11558: 11547: 11545: 11539: 11538: 11536: 11535: 11528: 11521: 11514: 11507: 11500: 11493: 11486: 11479: 11471: 11469: 11460: 11459: 11457: 11456: 11446: 11436: 11426: 11416: 11406: 11395: 11389: 11383: 11382: 11380: 11379: 11372: 11365: 11358: 11350: 11348: 11339: 11338: 11336: 11335: 11328: 11320: 11318: 11304: 11303: 11291: 11290: 11287: 11286: 11283: 11282: 11279: 11278: 11276: 11275: 11268: 11261: 11254: 11247: 11240: 11232: 11230: 11224: 11223: 11221: 11220: 11213: 11206: 11199: 11192: 11185: 11178: 11171: 11163: 11161: 11155: 11154: 11152: 11151: 11141: 11138:Leptoplesictis 11131: 11121: 11110: 11104: 11098: 11097: 11094: 11093: 11091: 11090: 11083: 11076: 11069: 11061: 11059: 11053: 11052: 11050: 11049: 11042: 11035: 11027: 11025: 11016: 11006: 11005: 10993: 10992: 10989: 10988: 10985: 10984: 10981: 10980: 10978: 10977: 10976: 10975: 10969: 10967: 10961: 10960: 10957: 10956: 10953: 10952: 10950: 10949: 10948: 10947: 10941: 10939: 10933: 10932: 10930: 10929: 10928: 10927: 10921: 10919: 10910: 10904: 10903: 10900: 10899: 10897: 10896: 10889: 10882: 10872: 10864: 10862: 10856: 10855: 10853: 10852: 10842: 10832: 10825: 10818: 10808: 10798: 10791: 10783: 10781: 10775: 10774: 10772: 10771: 10764: 10757: 10750: 10743: 10735: 10733: 10727: 10726: 10724: 10723: 10716: 10708: 10706: 10700: 10699: 10697: 10696: 10686: 10676: 10666: 10656: 10646: 10636: 10626: 10615: 10609: 10600: 10594: 10593: 10591: 10590: 10582: 10580: 10574: 10573: 10571: 10570: 10560: 10550: 10540: 10537:Alagtsavbaatar 10529: 10523: 10517: 10516: 10514: 10513: 10512: 10511: 10502: 10500: 10491: 10490: 10488: 10487: 10475: 10473: 10460: 10459: 10447: 10446: 10444: 10443: 10437: 10431: 10425: 10418: 10415: 10414: 10393: 10392: 10385: 10378: 10370: 10361: 10360: 10357: 10356: 10353: 10352: 10349: 10348: 10345: 10344: 10342: 10341: 10337:M. strigidorsa 10332: 10323: 10314: 10305: 10296: 10290:Least weasel ( 10287: 10278: 10269: 10260: 10251: 10242: 10236:Haida ermine ( 10233: 10224: 10220:M. eversmannii 10215: 10206: 10197: 10187: 10185: 10169: 10168: 10166: 10165: 10156: 10147: 10138: 10128: 10126: 10115: 10109: 10108: 10105: 10104: 10102: 10101: 10092: 10083: 10073: 10071: 10063: 10062: 10060: 10059: 10049: 10047: 10039: 10038: 10036: 10035: 10026: 10016: 10014: 10006: 10005: 10003: 10002: 9992: 9989: 9988: 9986: 9985: 9975: 9973: 9965: 9964: 9962: 9961: 9952: 9948:L. longicaudis 9943: 9937:Marine otter ( 9934: 9924: 9922: 9914: 9913: 9911: 9910: 9900: 9894: 9880: 9879: 9876: 9875: 9872: 9871: 9869: 9868: 9859: 9849: 9847: 9839: 9838: 9836: 9835: 9825: 9822: 9821: 9819: 9818: 9808: 9806: 9795: 9781: 9780: 9777: 9776: 9774: 9773: 9764: 9754: 9752: 9736: 9735: 9733: 9732: 9722: 9716: 9707: 9701: 9700: 9697: 9696: 9694: 9693: 9684: 9675: 9666: 9657: 9651:Beech marten ( 9648: 9639: 9630: 9620: 9618: 9602: 9601: 9599: 9598: 9588: 9586: 9578: 9577: 9575: 9574: 9564: 9562: 9554: 9553: 9551: 9550: 9540: 9534: 9528: 9527: 9525: 9524: 9515: 9506: 9497: 9488: 9479: 9469: 9467: 9451: 9450: 9447: 9446: 9444: 9443: 9434: 9428:Asian badger ( 9425: 9416: 9406: 9404: 9396: 9395: 9393: 9392: 9383: 9374: 9370:A. albogularis 9364: 9362: 9351: 9337: 9336: 9334: 9333: 9327:Honey badger ( 9323: 9321: 9313: 9312: 9310: 9309: 9299: 9293: 9288: 9281: 9280: 9268: 9267: 9264: 9263: 9260: 9259: 9257: 9256: 9255: 9254: 9248: 9246: 9240: 9239: 9236: 9235: 9232: 9231: 9229: 9228: 9219: 9209: 9207: 9199: 9198: 9196: 9195: 9186: 9176: 9174: 9163: 9149: 9148: 9146: 9145: 9136: 9127: 9118: 9108: 9106: 9090: 9089: 9087: 9086: 9077: 9068: 9064:P. cancrivorus 9058: 9056: 9040: 9039: 9037: 9036: 9032:B. sumichrasti 9027: 9017: 9015: 9007: 9006: 9004: 9003: 8993: 8987: 8981: 8980: 8977: 8976: 8974: 8973: 8964: 8955: 8946: 8936: 8934: 8918: 8917: 8915: 8914: 8905: 8895: 8893: 8877: 8876: 8874: 8873: 8864: 8858:Hooded skunk ( 8854: 8852: 8844: 8843: 8841: 8840: 8831: 8822: 8813: 8803: 8801: 8782: 8764: 8763: 8761: 8760: 8750: 8748: 8738: 8737: 8725: 8724: 8721: 8720: 8717: 8716: 8713: 8712: 8709: 8708: 8705: 8704: 8702: 8701: 8692: 8683: 8677:Weddell seal ( 8674: 8668:Leopard seal ( 8664: 8658: 8644: 8643: 8641: 8640: 8631: 8621: 8619: 8603: 8602: 8599: 8598: 8596: 8595: 8585: 8583: 8575: 8574: 8572: 8571: 8561: 8555: 8538: 8524: 8523: 8520: 8519: 8516: 8515: 8513: 8512: 8503: 8494: 8488:Caspian seal ( 8484: 8482: 8474: 8473: 8471: 8470: 8461: 8455:Spotted seal ( 8451: 8449: 8441: 8440: 8438: 8437: 8428: 8419: 8409: 8403: 8397: 8396: 8394: 8393: 8384: 8378:Bearded seal ( 8374: 8368: 8351: 8347:or true seals) 8345:(earless seals 8335: 8334: 8331: 8330: 8328: 8327: 8318: 8309: 8300: 8291: 8282: 8273: 8264: 8254: 8252: 8244: 8243: 8241: 8240: 8230: 8227: 8226: 8224: 8223: 8213: 8211: 8203: 8202: 8200: 8199: 8189: 8186: 8185: 8182: 8181: 8179: 8178: 8169: 8159: 8157: 8149: 8148: 8146: 8145: 8135: 8129: 8123: 8122: 8120: 8119: 8109: 8107: 8096: 8071: 8070: 8068: 8067: 8057: 8055: 8045: 8044: 8029: 8028: 8025: 8024: 8021: 8020: 8017: 8016: 8013: 8012: 8010: 8009: 8008: 8007: 8001: 7999: 7993: 7992: 7990: 7989: 7988: 7987: 7981: 7979: 7963: 7957: 7956: 7953: 7952: 7949: 7948: 7946: 7945: 7936: 7927: 7918: 7908: 7906: 7898: 7897: 7895: 7894: 7885: 7875: 7869: 7863: 7862: 7860: 7859: 7849: 7847: 7839: 7838: 7836: 7835: 7831:A. melanoleuca 7825: 7823: 7812: 7797: 7792: 7789: 7788: 7785: 7784: 7781: 7780: 7777: 7776: 7774: 7773: 7764: 7755: 7749:Eastern wolf ( 7746: 7737: 7731:African wolf ( 7728: 7719: 7713:Domestic dog ( 7710: 7700: 7698: 7690: 7689: 7687: 7686: 7677: 7667: 7664: 7663: 7661: 7660: 7651: 7641: 7639: 7628: 7616: 7615: 7612: 7611: 7609: 7608: 7599: 7593:Sechuran fox ( 7590: 7586:L. gymnocercus 7581: 7572: 7566:Darwin's fox ( 7563: 7553: 7551: 7543: 7542: 7540: 7539: 7530: 7520: 7517: 7516: 7514: 7513: 7503: 7501: 7493: 7492: 7490: 7489: 7479: 7473: 7458: 7446: 7445: 7442: 7441: 7439: 7438: 7429: 7420: 7411: 7402: 7393: 7384: 7375: 7366: 7357: 7348: 7339: 7335:V. bengalensis 7329: 7327: 7309: 7308: 7306: 7305: 7296: 7286: 7284: 7276: 7275: 7273: 7272: 7262: 7256: 7250: 7249: 7247: 7246: 7237: 7227: 7225: 7214: 7204: 7197: 7196: 7181: 7180: 7177: 7176: 7173: 7172: 7169: 7168: 7165: 7164: 7161: 7160: 7158: 7157: 7148: 7139: 7130: 7121: 7111: 7109: 7101: 7100: 7098: 7097: 7088: 7079: 7075:B. crassicauda 7069: 7067: 7059: 7058: 7056: 7055: 7046: 7037: 7028: 7018: 7015: 7014: 7012: 7011: 7002: 6993: 6984: 6975: 6966: 6957: 6948: 6939: 6929: 6927: 6919: 6918: 6916: 6915: 6906: 6896: 6890: 6884: 6883: 6880: 6879: 6877: 6876: 6867: 6858: 6849: 6839: 6837: 6829: 6828: 6826: 6825: 6816: 6806: 6804: 6796: 6795: 6793: 6792: 6782: 6779: 6778: 6776: 6775: 6766: 6756: 6754: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6742: 6732: 6729: 6728: 6726: 6725: 6715: 6713: 6702: 6693: 6675: 6674: 6671: 6670: 6667: 6666: 6664: 6663: 6654: 6644: 6642: 6634: 6633: 6631: 6630: 6620: 6617: 6616: 6614: 6613: 6609:G. grandidieri 6604: 6594: 6592: 6584: 6583: 6581: 6580: 6570: 6564: 6558: 6557: 6554: 6553: 6551: 6550: 6541: 6531: 6529: 6521: 6520: 6518: 6517: 6508: 6498: 6492: 6483: 6466: 6456: 6453: 6452: 6449: 6448: 6445: 6444: 6441: 6440: 6438: 6437: 6427: 6425: 6417: 6416: 6414: 6413: 6404: 6394: 6388: 6376: 6375: 6373: 6372: 6362: 6360: 6349: 6329: 6328: 6316: 6315: 6312: 6311: 6308: 6307: 6304: 6303: 6301: 6300: 6299: 6298: 6292: 6290: 6280: 6279: 6276: 6275: 6272: 6271: 6268: 6267: 6264: 6263: 6261: 6260: 6251: 6242: 6233: 6224: 6215: 6206: 6197: 6188: 6179: 6173:Letaba genet ( 6170: 6161: 6155:Common genet ( 6152: 6143: 6134: 6125: 6115: 6113: 6099: 6098: 6096: 6095: 6086: 6076: 6074: 6057: 6051: 6050: 6047: 6046: 6044: 6043: 6034: 6025: 6016: 6006: 6004: 5996: 5995: 5993: 5992: 5983: 5973: 5967: 5952: 5940: 5933: 5932: 5929: 5928: 5926: 5925: 5921:P. zeylonensis 5916: 5907: 5897: 5895: 5887: 5886: 5884: 5883: 5879:Paguma larvata 5874: 5865: 5856: 5846: 5840: 5834: 5833: 5831: 5830: 5821: 5812: 5803: 5793: 5791: 5782: 5777: 5770: 5769: 5757: 5756: 5753: 5752: 5749: 5748: 5745: 5744: 5742: 5741: 5740: 5739: 5733: 5731: 5725: 5724: 5721: 5720: 5717: 5716: 5713: 5712: 5709: 5708: 5705: 5704: 5702: 5701: 5692: 5683: 5674: 5665: 5656: 5650:Domestic cat ( 5647: 5637: 5635: 5627: 5626: 5623: 5622: 5620: 5619: 5610: 5606:P. rubiginosus 5601: 5592: 5583: 5579:P. bengalensis 5573: 5571: 5563: 5562: 5560: 5559: 5553:Pallas's cat ( 5549: 5543: 5537: 5536: 5533: 5532: 5530: 5529: 5519: 5517: 5509: 5508: 5506: 5505: 5495: 5492: 5491: 5489: 5488: 5478: 5476: 5465: 5459: 5458: 5456: 5455: 5446: 5440:Iberian lynx ( 5437: 5428: 5418: 5416: 5408: 5407: 5405: 5404: 5395: 5386: 5377: 5368: 5359: 5350: 5341: 5331: 5329: 5321: 5320: 5317: 5316: 5314: 5313: 5304: 5294: 5292: 5284: 5283: 5281: 5280: 5270: 5264: 5258: 5257: 5254: 5253: 5251: 5250: 5241: 5231: 5229: 5221: 5220: 5218: 5217: 5207: 5205: 5194: 5185: 5175: 5172: 5171: 5168: 5167: 5164: 5163: 5161: 5160: 5151: 5142: 5133: 5124: 5118:Snow leopard ( 5114: 5112: 5104: 5103: 5101: 5100: 5091: 5081: 5079: 5068: 5055: 5045: 5038: 5037: 5035: 5034: 5025: 5015: 5013: 4997: 4992: 4985: 4984: 4982: 4981: 4971: 4965: 4960: 4953: 4952: 4937: 4936: 4934: 4933: 4931:Laurasiatheria 4927: 4921: 4915: 4909: 4902: 4899: 4898: 4889: 4888: 4881: 4874: 4866: 4860: 4859: 4845: 4837: 4829: 4817:"Pallas's cat 4811: 4810:External links 4808: 4805: 4804: 4773: 4770:on 2008-10-24. 4748: 4727: 4690: 4667: 4652: 4612: 4597: 4582: 4556: 4550:978-1400834112 4549: 4531: 4504:(5): 545–547. 4484: 4466: 4440: 4421:(4): 421–424. 4393: 4382:(2): 234–240. 4355: 4336:(3): 355–358. 4313: 4289: 4270:(5): 449–457. 4250: 4211: 4198:(4): 811–817. 4178: 4135: 4116:(3): 264–272. 4096: 4085:(9): 905–913. 4062: 4055: 4030: 4011: 3992: 3977: 3955: 3936: 3921: 3902: 3883: 3852: 3830: 3815: 3787:Panthera uncia 3775: 3760: 3745: 3726:(6): 811–816. 3710: 3674: 3655: 3622: 3593:(2): 188–194. 3569: 3554: 3517: 3495: 3482:(3): 281–284. 3476:Helminthologia 3454: 3439: 3413: 3394: 3376: 3357: 3332: 3313: 3294: 3288:10.1.1.568.144 3266: 3219: 3191: 3164: 3151:(1): 658–659. 3127: 3108:(2): 347–358. 3092: 3060: 3053: 3041:(Pallas 1776)" 3027: 3020: 2998: 2942: 2888: 2881: 2856: 2794: 2766: 2744: 2721: 2703: 2682:Hodgson, B. H. 2664: 2634: 2612: 2586: 2531: 2504: 2503: 2501: 2498: 2489: 2486: 2461: 2458: 2450:Cincinnati Zoo 2416:mortality rate 2395: 2392: 2359: 2356: 2295: 2292: 2226:The female is 2212: 2209: 2080: 2077: 2016: 2013: 1999:vegetation in 1961:Tso Lhamo Lake 1823:Uvs Lake Basin 1817:river basins, 1713:Murghab Rivers 1591:Julfa District 1479: 1476: 1472:non-coding RNA 1470:genes and one 1460:protein-coding 1458:containing 13 1395:, an enlarged 1298: 1291: 1290: 1289: 1281: 1274: 1273: 1272: 1271: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1260: 1259: 1255: 1254: 1251: 1250: 1246: 1245: 1242: 1241: 1236: 1233: 1232: 1229: 1228: 1224: 1223: 1220: 1219: 1214: 1211: 1210: 1206: 1205: 1201: 1200: 1197: 1196: 1192: 1191: 1187: 1186: 1182: 1181: 1178: 1177: 1172: 1169: 1168: 1165: 1164: 1160: 1159: 1156: 1155: 1150: 1147: 1146: 1143: 1142: 1138: 1137: 1134: 1133: 1128: 1125: 1124: 1121: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1108: 1103: 1101: 1096: 1094: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1080: 1076: 1075: 1071: 1070: 1067: 1066: 1059: 1056: 1055: 1051: 1050: 1046: 1045: 1042: 1041: 1029: 1026: 1025: 1022: 1021: 1012: 1007: 1005: 997: 995: 990: 988: 983: 981: 980:Felinae 975: 973: 972:Felidae 967: 964: 963: 955: 954: 950: 949: 946: 945: 941: 940: 937: 936: 929: 926: 925: 922: 921: 917: 916: 913: 912: 907: 904: 903: 899: 898: 894: 893: 890: 889: 882: 876: 875: 871: 870: 866: 865: 862: 861: 857:P. rubiginosus 849: 846: 845: 842: 841: 837: 836: 833: 832: 820: 817: 816: 813: 812: 808: 807: 804: 803: 791: 788: 787: 784: 783: 779:P. bengalensis 771: 766: 764: 759: 757: 752: 750: 742: 740: 735: 733: 724: 722: 721:Felidae 716: 713: 712: 706: 703: 702: 657:. Analysis of 632: 629: 628: 627: 613: 578: 577: 559: 549: 506:taxonomic rank 487: 486: 468: 422: 419: 285: 284: 280: 279: 271: 270: 269: 268: 258: 257:(Pallas, 1776) 249: 248: 244: 243: 236: 225: 224: 218: 217: 210: 208: 204: 203: 189: 185: 184: 179: 175: 174: 169: 165: 164: 159: 155: 154: 149: 145: 144: 139: 135: 134: 129: 125: 124: 119: 115: 114: 109: 105: 104: 91: 90: 77: 74: 73: 55: 52: 51: 46: 43: 42: 35: 34: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12656: 12645: 12642: 12640: 12637: 12635: 12632: 12630: 12627: 12625: 12622: 12621: 12619: 12602: 12597: 12593: 12589: 12584: 12580: 12576: 12571: 12567: 12563: 12558: 12554: 12550: 12545: 12541: 12537: 12532: 12528: 12524: 12519: 12515: 12511: 12506: 12502: 12497: 12491: 12487: 12486: 12484: 12482: 12478: 12470: 12465: 12461: 12457: 12452: 12448: 12444: 12439: 12435: 12431: 12426: 12422: 12418: 12413: 12409: 12405: 12400: 12396: 12392: 12387: 12383: 12379: 12374: 12370: 12366: 12361: 12357: 12353: 12348: 12344: 12340: 12335: 12331: 12327: 12322: 12318: 12314: 12309: 12305: 12301: 12296: 12292: 12287: 12281: 12277: 12272: 12266: 12262: 12261: 12259: 12257: 12253: 12249: 12244: 12216: 12215: 12214:Pachypanthera 12208: 12206: 12205: 12198: 12196: 12195: 12191: 12189: 12188: 12184: 12183: 12181: 12179: 12175: 12167: 12163: 12162: 12161: 12160: 12158: 12156: 12149: 12143: 12142: 12135: 12133: 12132: 12125: 12123: 12122: 12115: 12113: 12112: 12108: 12106: 12105: 12098: 12096: 12095: 12091: 12089: 12088: 12081: 12079: 12078: 12074: 12072: 12071: 12067: 12065: 12064: 12057: 12055: 12054: 12047: 12045: 12044: 12040: 12038: 12037: 12030: 12028: 12027: 12023: 12021: 12020: 12016: 12014: 12013: 12009: 12007: 12006: 12002: 12000: 11999: 11995: 11993: 11992: 11988: 11986: 11985: 11981: 11980: 11978: 11976: 11972: 11966: 11965: 11961: 11959: 11958: 11954: 11953: 11951: 11949: 11942: 11936: 11935: 11928: 11926: 11925: 11918: 11916: 11915: 11908: 11906: 11905: 11898: 11896: 11895: 11888: 11886: 11885: 11878: 11876: 11875: 11868: 11866: 11865: 11864:Diamantofelis 11858: 11856: 11855: 11848: 11847: 11844: 11841: 11839: 11835: 11829: 11828: 11824: 11822: 11821: 11814: 11812: 11811: 11804: 11803: 11801: 11799: 11795: 11788: 11784: 11783: 11781: 11779: 11772: 11766: 11765: 11758: 11756: 11755: 11748: 11746: 11745: 11738: 11736: 11735: 11728: 11727: 11724: 11721: 11718: 11713: 11709: 11705: 11700: 11696: 11678: 11677: 11673: 11671: 11670: 11663: 11661: 11660: 11653: 11651: 11650: 11643: 11641: 11640: 11633: 11631: 11630: 11623: 11621: 11620: 11613: 11611: 11610: 11606: 11604: 11603: 11599: 11597: 11596: 11589: 11587: 11586: 11579: 11578: 11576: 11574: 11570: 11564: 11563: 11559: 11557: 11556: 11549: 11548: 11546: 11544: 11540: 11534: 11533: 11529: 11527: 11526: 11522: 11520: 11519: 11515: 11513: 11512: 11511:Plioviverrops 11508: 11506: 11505: 11501: 11499: 11498: 11494: 11492: 11491: 11487: 11485: 11484: 11483:Hyaenotherium 11480: 11478: 11477: 11473: 11472: 11470: 11468: 11467:Ictitheriinae 11461: 11455: 11454: 11447: 11445: 11444: 11437: 11435: 11434: 11427: 11425: 11424: 11417: 11415: 11414: 11407: 11405: 11404: 11397: 11396: 11393: 11390: 11388: 11384: 11378: 11377: 11373: 11371: 11370: 11366: 11364: 11363: 11359: 11357: 11356: 11352: 11351: 11349: 11347: 11346:Lophocyonidae 11340: 11334: 11333: 11329: 11327: 11326: 11322: 11321: 11319: 11316: 11315:Percrocutidae 11309: 11305: 11301: 11296: 11292: 11274: 11273: 11269: 11267: 11266: 11262: 11260: 11259: 11255: 11253: 11252: 11248: 11246: 11245: 11241: 11239: 11238: 11234: 11233: 11231: 11229: 11225: 11219: 11218: 11214: 11212: 11211: 11207: 11205: 11204: 11200: 11198: 11197: 11193: 11191: 11190: 11186: 11184: 11183: 11179: 11177: 11176: 11172: 11170: 11169: 11165: 11164: 11162: 11160: 11156: 11150: 11149: 11142: 11140: 11139: 11132: 11130: 11129: 11122: 11120: 11119: 11112: 11111: 11108: 11105: 11103: 11099: 11089: 11088: 11084: 11082: 11081: 11077: 11075: 11074: 11070: 11068: 11067: 11063: 11062: 11060: 11058: 11054: 11048: 11047: 11043: 11041: 11040: 11036: 11034: 11033: 11029: 11028: 11026: 11024: 11020: 11017: 11015: 11011: 11007: 11003: 10998: 10994: 10973: 10972: 10971: 10970: 10968: 10966: 10962: 10945: 10944: 10943: 10942: 10940: 10938: 10934: 10925: 10924: 10923: 10922: 10920: 10918: 10914: 10911: 10909: 10905: 10895: 10894: 10890: 10888: 10887: 10883: 10881: 10880: 10873: 10871: 10870: 10866: 10865: 10863: 10861: 10857: 10851: 10850: 10843: 10841: 10840: 10833: 10831: 10830: 10826: 10824: 10823: 10819: 10817: 10816: 10809: 10807: 10806: 10799: 10797: 10796: 10792: 10790: 10789: 10785: 10784: 10782: 10780: 10779:Paradoxurinae 10776: 10770: 10769: 10765: 10763: 10762: 10758: 10756: 10755: 10751: 10749: 10748: 10744: 10742: 10741: 10737: 10736: 10734: 10732: 10728: 10722: 10721: 10717: 10715: 10714: 10710: 10709: 10707: 10705: 10701: 10695: 10694: 10687: 10685: 10684: 10677: 10675: 10674: 10667: 10665: 10664: 10657: 10655: 10654: 10647: 10645: 10644: 10637: 10635: 10634: 10627: 10625: 10624: 10617: 10616: 10613: 10610: 10608: 10604: 10601: 10599: 10595: 10589: 10588: 10584: 10583: 10581: 10579: 10575: 10569: 10568: 10567:Shandgolictis 10561: 10559: 10558: 10551: 10549: 10548: 10541: 10539: 10538: 10531: 10530: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10518: 10510: 10506: 10505: 10504: 10503: 10501: 10499: 10492: 10485: 10484: 10477: 10476: 10474: 10472: 10471:Palaeogalidae 10465: 10461: 10457: 10452: 10448: 10442: 10438: 10436: 10432: 10430: 10426: 10424: 10420: 10419: 10416: 10411: 10407: 10403: 10399: 10391: 10386: 10384: 10379: 10377: 10372: 10371: 10368: 10340: 10338: 10333: 10331: 10329: 10324: 10322: 10320: 10315: 10313: 10311: 10306: 10304: 10302: 10297: 10295: 10293: 10288: 10286: 10284: 10279: 10277: 10275: 10274:M. lutreolina 10270: 10268: 10266: 10261: 10259: 10257: 10252: 10250: 10248: 10243: 10241: 10239: 10234: 10232: 10230: 10225: 10223: 10221: 10216: 10214: 10212: 10207: 10205: 10203: 10198: 10196: 10194: 10189: 10188: 10186: 10176: 10175: 10170: 10164: 10162: 10157: 10155: 10153: 10148: 10146: 10144: 10139: 10137: 10135: 10130: 10129: 10127: 10125: 10124: 10119: 10116: 10114: 10110: 10100: 10098: 10093: 10091: 10089: 10084: 10082: 10080: 10075: 10074: 10072: 10070: 10069: 10064: 10058: 10056: 10051: 10050: 10048: 10046: 10045: 10040: 10034: 10032: 10027: 10025: 10023: 10018: 10017: 10015: 10013: 10012: 10007: 10001: 9999: 9994: 9993: 9990: 9984: 9982: 9977: 9976: 9974: 9972: 9971: 9966: 9960: 9958: 9953: 9951: 9949: 9944: 9942: 9940: 9935: 9933: 9931: 9930:L. canadensis 9926: 9925: 9923: 9921: 9920: 9915: 9909: 9907: 9904:Giant otter ( 9902: 9901: 9898: 9895: 9885: 9881: 9867: 9865: 9860: 9858: 9856: 9851: 9850: 9848: 9846: 9845: 9840: 9834: 9832: 9827: 9826: 9823: 9817: 9815: 9810: 9809: 9807: 9805: 9804: 9799: 9796: 9786: 9782: 9772: 9770: 9765: 9763: 9761: 9756: 9755: 9753: 9743: 9742: 9737: 9731: 9729: 9724: 9723: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9711: 9708: 9706: 9702: 9692: 9690: 9685: 9683: 9681: 9676: 9674: 9672: 9667: 9665: 9663: 9662:M. gwatkinsii 9658: 9656: 9654: 9649: 9647: 9645: 9640: 9638: 9636: 9631: 9629: 9627: 9622: 9621: 9619: 9609: 9608: 9603: 9597: 9595: 9590: 9589: 9587: 9585: 9584: 9579: 9573: 9571: 9566: 9565: 9563: 9561: 9560: 9555: 9549: 9547: 9542: 9541: 9538: 9535: 9533: 9529: 9523: 9521: 9516: 9514: 9512: 9507: 9505: 9503: 9502:M. orientalis 9498: 9496: 9494: 9489: 9487: 9485: 9480: 9478: 9476: 9471: 9470: 9468: 9458: 9457: 9452: 9442: 9440: 9435: 9433: 9431: 9426: 9424: 9422: 9417: 9415: 9413: 9408: 9407: 9405: 9403: 9402: 9397: 9391: 9389: 9384: 9382: 9380: 9375: 9373: 9371: 9366: 9365: 9363: 9361: 9360: 9355: 9352: 9342: 9338: 9332: 9330: 9325: 9324: 9322: 9320: 9319: 9314: 9308: 9306: 9305:Taxidea taxus 9301: 9300: 9297: 9294: 9291: 9286: 9282: 9278: 9273: 9269: 9252: 9251: 9250: 9249: 9247: 9245: 9241: 9227: 9225: 9220: 9218: 9216: 9215:N. meridensis 9211: 9210: 9208: 9206: 9205: 9200: 9194: 9192: 9187: 9185: 9183: 9178: 9177: 9175: 9173: 9172: 9167: 9164: 9154: 9150: 9144: 9142: 9137: 9135: 9133: 9128: 9126: 9124: 9119: 9117: 9115: 9110: 9109: 9107: 9097: 9096: 9091: 9085: 9083: 9078: 9076: 9074: 9069: 9067: 9065: 9060: 9059: 9057: 9047: 9046: 9041: 9035: 9033: 9028: 9026: 9024: 9019: 9018: 9016: 9014: 9013: 9008: 9002: 9000: 8995: 8994: 8991: 8988: 8986: 8982: 8972: 8970: 8965: 8963: 8961: 8956: 8954: 8952: 8947: 8945: 8943: 8938: 8937: 8935: 8925: 8924: 8919: 8913: 8911: 8906: 8904: 8902: 8901:M. javanensis 8897: 8896: 8894: 8884: 8883: 8878: 8872: 8870: 8865: 8863: 8861: 8856: 8855: 8853: 8851: 8850: 8845: 8839: 8837: 8832: 8830: 8828: 8827:C. leuconotus 8823: 8821: 8819: 8818:C. humboldtii 8814: 8812: 8810: 8805: 8804: 8802: 8792: 8791: 8786: 8783: 8777: 8769: 8765: 8759: 8757: 8752: 8751: 8749: 8747: 8743: 8739: 8735: 8730: 8726: 8700: 8698: 8693: 8691: 8689: 8684: 8682: 8680: 8675: 8673: 8671: 8666: 8665: 8662: 8659: 8649: 8645: 8639: 8637: 8632: 8630: 8628: 8623: 8622: 8620: 8610: 8609: 8604: 8594: 8592: 8587: 8586: 8584: 8582: 8581: 8576: 8570: 8568: 8563: 8562: 8559: 8556: 8546: 8542: 8539: 8529: 8525: 8511: 8509: 8506:Baikal seal ( 8504: 8502: 8500: 8497:Ringed seal ( 8495: 8493: 8491: 8486: 8485: 8483: 8481: 8480: 8475: 8469: 8467: 8464:Harbor seal ( 8462: 8460: 8458: 8453: 8452: 8450: 8448: 8447: 8442: 8436: 8434: 8429: 8427: 8425: 8422:Ribbon seal ( 8420: 8418: 8416: 8411: 8410: 8407: 8404: 8402: 8398: 8392: 8390: 8387:Hooded seal ( 8385: 8383: 8381: 8376: 8375: 8372: 8369: 8359: 8355: 8352: 8340: 8336: 8326: 8324: 8323:A. tropicalis 8319: 8317: 8315: 8310: 8308: 8306: 8301: 8299: 8297: 8292: 8290: 8288: 8283: 8281: 8279: 8274: 8272: 8270: 8265: 8263: 8261: 8256: 8255: 8253: 8251: 8250: 8249:Arctocephalus 8245: 8239: 8237: 8232: 8231: 8228: 8222: 8220: 8215: 8214: 8212: 8210: 8209: 8204: 8198: 8196: 8191: 8190: 8187: 8177: 8175: 8174:Z. wollebaeki 8170: 8168: 8166: 8161: 8160: 8158: 8156: 8155: 8150: 8144: 8142: 8137: 8136: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8124: 8118: 8116: 8111: 8110: 8108: 8106: 8105: 8100: 8097: 8091: 8086: 8082:(eared seals: 8077: 8072: 8066: 8064: 8059: 8058: 8056: 8054: 8050: 8046: 8042: 8034: 8030: 8005: 8004: 8003: 8002: 8000: 7998: 7994: 7985: 7984: 7983: 7982: 7980: 7971: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7958: 7944: 7942: 7937: 7935: 7933: 7928: 7926: 7924: 7923:U. thibetanus 7919: 7917: 7915: 7914:U. americanus 7910: 7909: 7907: 7905: 7904: 7899: 7893: 7891: 7886: 7884: 7882: 7877: 7876: 7873: 7870: 7868: 7864: 7858: 7856: 7851: 7850: 7848: 7846: 7845: 7840: 7834: 7832: 7829:Giant panda ( 7827: 7826: 7824: 7822: 7821: 7816: 7813: 7805: 7801: 7798: 7795: 7790: 7772: 7770: 7765: 7763: 7761: 7756: 7754: 7752: 7747: 7745: 7743: 7738: 7736: 7734: 7729: 7727: 7725: 7720: 7718: 7716: 7715:C. familiaris 7711: 7709: 7707: 7702: 7701: 7699: 7697: 7696: 7691: 7685: 7683: 7678: 7676: 7674: 7673:Lycaon pictus 7669: 7668: 7665: 7659: 7657: 7652: 7650: 7648: 7643: 7642: 7640: 7638: 7637: 7632: 7629: 7621: 7617: 7607: 7605: 7600: 7598: 7596: 7591: 7589: 7587: 7582: 7580: 7578: 7573: 7571: 7569: 7564: 7562: 7560: 7555: 7554: 7552: 7550: 7549: 7544: 7538: 7536: 7531: 7529: 7527: 7522: 7521: 7518: 7512: 7510: 7505: 7504: 7502: 7500: 7499: 7494: 7488: 7486: 7481: 7480: 7477: 7474: 7466: 7462: 7459: 7451: 7447: 7437: 7435: 7430: 7428: 7426: 7421: 7419: 7417: 7412: 7410: 7408: 7403: 7401: 7399: 7394: 7392: 7390: 7385: 7383: 7381: 7376: 7374: 7372: 7369:Tibetan fox ( 7367: 7365: 7363: 7358: 7356: 7354: 7349: 7347: 7345: 7340: 7338: 7336: 7331: 7330: 7328: 7323: 7316: 7315: 7310: 7304: 7302: 7301:N. viverrinus 7297: 7295: 7293: 7288: 7287: 7285: 7283: 7282: 7277: 7271: 7269: 7264: 7263: 7260: 7257: 7255: 7251: 7245: 7243: 7242:U. littoralis 7238: 7236: 7234: 7229: 7228: 7226: 7224: 7223: 7218: 7215: 7207: 7202: 7198: 7194: 7186: 7182: 7156: 7154: 7149: 7147: 7145: 7140: 7138: 7136: 7131: 7129: 7127: 7122: 7120: 7118: 7117:H. flavescens 7113: 7112: 7110: 7108: 7107: 7102: 7096: 7094: 7089: 7087: 7085: 7080: 7078: 7076: 7071: 7070: 7068: 7066: 7065: 7060: 7054: 7052: 7047: 7045: 7043: 7038: 7036: 7034: 7029: 7027: 7025: 7020: 7019: 7016: 7010: 7008: 7007:U. vitticolla 7003: 7001: 6999: 6994: 6992: 6990: 6985: 6983: 6981: 6976: 6974: 6972: 6967: 6965: 6963: 6958: 6956: 6954: 6949: 6947: 6945: 6940: 6938: 6936: 6931: 6930: 6928: 6926: 6925: 6920: 6914: 6912: 6911:Xenogale naso 6907: 6905: 6903: 6898: 6897: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6885: 6875: 6873: 6868: 6866: 6864: 6859: 6857: 6855: 6850: 6848: 6846: 6841: 6840: 6838: 6836: 6835: 6830: 6824: 6822: 6817: 6815: 6813: 6808: 6807: 6805: 6803: 6802: 6797: 6791: 6789: 6784: 6783: 6780: 6774: 6772: 6767: 6765: 6763: 6758: 6757: 6755: 6753: 6752: 6747: 6741: 6739: 6734: 6733: 6730: 6724: 6722: 6717: 6716: 6714: 6712: 6711: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6697: 6694: 6685: 6684:sensu stricto 6680: 6676: 6662: 6660: 6655: 6653: 6651: 6646: 6645: 6643: 6641: 6640: 6635: 6629: 6627: 6622: 6621: 6618: 6612: 6610: 6605: 6603: 6601: 6596: 6595: 6593: 6591: 6590: 6585: 6579: 6577: 6572: 6571: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6559: 6549: 6547: 6542: 6540: 6538: 6533: 6532: 6530: 6528: 6527: 6522: 6516: 6514: 6513:Fossa fossana 6509: 6507: 6505: 6500: 6499: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6487: 6484: 6474: 6470: 6467: 6463: 6459: 6454: 6436: 6434: 6429: 6428: 6426: 6424: 6423: 6418: 6412: 6410: 6407:Brown hyena ( 6405: 6403: 6401: 6400:Hyaena hyaena 6396: 6395: 6392: 6389: 6381: 6377: 6371: 6369: 6364: 6363: 6361: 6359: 6358: 6353: 6350: 6342: 6338: 6334: 6330: 6326: 6321: 6317: 6296: 6295: 6294: 6293: 6291: 6289: 6285: 6281: 6259: 6257: 6252: 6250: 6248: 6243: 6241: 6239: 6234: 6232: 6230: 6227:Hausa genet ( 6225: 6223: 6221: 6216: 6214: 6212: 6207: 6205: 6203: 6198: 6196: 6194: 6189: 6187: 6185: 6180: 6178: 6176: 6171: 6169: 6167: 6162: 6160: 6158: 6153: 6151: 6149: 6144: 6142: 6140: 6135: 6133: 6131: 6130:G. angolensis 6126: 6124: 6122: 6121:G. abyssinica 6117: 6116: 6114: 6106: 6105: 6100: 6094: 6092: 6087: 6085: 6083: 6078: 6077: 6075: 6067: 6066: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6052: 6042: 6040: 6035: 6033: 6031: 6030:V. tangalunga 6026: 6024: 6022: 6017: 6015: 6013: 6008: 6007: 6005: 6003: 6002: 5997: 5991: 5989: 5984: 5982: 5980: 5975: 5974: 5971: 5968: 5965: 5964:sensu stricto 5960: 5956: 5953: 5949: 5944: 5938: 5934: 5924: 5922: 5917: 5915: 5913: 5908: 5906: 5904: 5899: 5898: 5896: 5894: 5893: 5888: 5882: 5880: 5875: 5873: 5871: 5866: 5864: 5862: 5857: 5855: 5853: 5848: 5847: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5838:Paradoxurinae 5835: 5829: 5827: 5822: 5820: 5818: 5813: 5811: 5809: 5806:Otter civet ( 5804: 5802: 5800: 5795: 5794: 5792: 5790: 5786: 5783: 5780: 5775: 5771: 5767: 5762: 5758: 5737: 5736: 5735: 5734: 5732: 5730: 5726: 5700: 5698: 5697:F. silvestris 5693: 5691: 5689: 5684: 5682: 5680: 5675: 5673: 5671: 5666: 5664: 5662: 5657: 5655: 5653: 5648: 5646: 5644: 5639: 5638: 5636: 5634: 5633: 5628: 5618: 5616: 5615:P. viverrinus 5613:Fishing cat ( 5611: 5609: 5607: 5602: 5600: 5598: 5593: 5591: 5589: 5588:P. javanensis 5584: 5582: 5580: 5577:Leopard cat ( 5575: 5574: 5572: 5570: 5569: 5564: 5558: 5556: 5551: 5550: 5547: 5544: 5538: 5528: 5526: 5521: 5520: 5518: 5516: 5515: 5510: 5504: 5502: 5497: 5496: 5493: 5487: 5485: 5480: 5479: 5477: 5475: 5474: 5469: 5466: 5460: 5454: 5452: 5447: 5445: 5443: 5438: 5436: 5434: 5429: 5427: 5425: 5424:L. canadensis 5422:Canada lynx ( 5420: 5419: 5417: 5415: 5414: 5409: 5403: 5401: 5396: 5394: 5392: 5387: 5385: 5383: 5378: 5376: 5374: 5369: 5367: 5365: 5360: 5358: 5356: 5351: 5349: 5347: 5342: 5340: 5338: 5333: 5332: 5330: 5328: 5327: 5322: 5312: 5310: 5305: 5303: 5301: 5296: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5290: 5285: 5279: 5277: 5272: 5271: 5268: 5265: 5259: 5249: 5247: 5246:C. temminckii 5242: 5240: 5238: 5233: 5232: 5230: 5228: 5227: 5222: 5216: 5214: 5211:Marbled cat ( 5209: 5208: 5206: 5204: 5203: 5198: 5195: 5189: 5186: 5182: 5181:sensu stricto 5178: 5173: 5159: 5157: 5152: 5150: 5148: 5143: 5141: 5139: 5134: 5132: 5130: 5125: 5123: 5121: 5116: 5115: 5113: 5111: 5110: 5105: 5099: 5097: 5092: 5090: 5088: 5083: 5082: 5080: 5078: 5077: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5063: 5059: 5056: 5048: 5043: 5039: 5033: 5031: 5030:P. pardicolor 5026: 5024: 5022: 5017: 5016: 5014: 5007: 5006: 5001: 4998: 4995: 4990: 4986: 4980: 4978: 4973: 4972: 4969: 4966: 4963: 4958: 4954: 4950: 4942: 4938: 4932: 4928: 4926: 4922: 4920: 4916: 4914: 4910: 4908: 4904: 4903: 4900: 4895: 4887: 4882: 4880: 4875: 4873: 4868: 4867: 4864: 4856: 4852: 4851: 4846: 4842: 4838: 4834: 4830: 4826: 4822: 4820: 4814: 4813: 4792: 4788: 4784: 4777: 4769: 4765: 4764: 4759: 4752: 4744: 4743: 4738: 4731: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4711: 4710: 4705: 4703: 4694: 4686: 4682: 4680: 4671: 4663: 4656: 4642:on 2013-05-14 4638: 4634: 4630: 4623: 4616: 4608: 4601: 4593: 4586: 4578: 4574: 4567: 4560: 4552: 4546: 4542: 4535: 4527: 4523: 4519: 4515: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4499: 4495: 4488: 4480: 4473: 4471: 4462: 4455: 4453: 4444: 4436: 4432: 4428: 4424: 4420: 4416: 4412: 4410: 4406: 4397: 4389: 4385: 4381: 4377: 4370: 4368: 4359: 4351: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4331: 4327: 4320: 4318: 4309: 4305: 4298: 4296: 4294: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4273: 4269: 4265: 4261: 4254: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4215: 4206: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4189: 4182: 4173: 4168: 4163: 4158: 4155:(1): e22150. 4154: 4150: 4146: 4139: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4100: 4092: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4069: 4067: 4058: 4052: 4048: 4041: 4034: 4026: 4022: 4015: 4007: 4003: 3996: 3988: 3981: 3973: 3969: 3962: 3960: 3951: 3947: 3940: 3932: 3925: 3917: 3913: 3906: 3898: 3894: 3887: 3879: 3875: 3871: 3867: 3863: 3856: 3848: 3841: 3834: 3826: 3819: 3810: 3805: 3801: 3797: 3790: 3788: 3779: 3771: 3764: 3756: 3749: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3729: 3725: 3721: 3714: 3705: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3688: 3681: 3679: 3670: 3666: 3659: 3650: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3626: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3601: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3582: 3573: 3565: 3558: 3549: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3532: 3530: 3521: 3513: 3509: 3502: 3500: 3490: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3471: 3467: 3466:Toxocara cati 3458: 3450: 3443: 3435: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3417: 3409: 3405: 3398: 3387: 3380: 3372: 3368: 3361: 3353: 3346: 3339: 3337: 3328: 3324: 3317: 3309: 3305: 3298: 3289: 3284: 3280: 3273: 3271: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3223: 3215: 3211: 3204: 3202: 3200: 3198: 3196: 3187: 3180: 3173: 3171: 3169: 3159: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3140: 3131: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3096: 3088: 3084: 3076: 3069: 3067: 3065: 3056: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3040: 3031: 3023: 3021:9780199592838 3017: 3013: 3009: 3002: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2985:Pallas, 1776" 2984: 2975: 2973: 2971: 2969: 2967: 2965: 2963: 2961: 2959: 2957: 2955: 2953: 2951: 2949: 2947: 2938: 2934: 2929: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2897: 2895: 2893: 2884: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2860: 2852: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2815: 2810: 2803: 2801: 2799: 2790: 2786: 2784: 2775: 2773: 2771: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2748: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2725: 2717: 2713: 2707: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2690:Illustration" 2689: 2683: 2677: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2669: 2660: 2656: 2655:Pallas, 1776" 2654: 2645: 2643: 2641: 2639: 2630: 2626: 2625:"Felis Manul" 2619: 2617: 2608: 2604: 2602: 2596: 2595:Pallas, P. S. 2590: 2574: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2560: 2555: 2553: 2544: 2542: 2540: 2538: 2536: 2527: 2520: 2512: 2510: 2505: 2497: 2495: 2494:Internet meme 2485: 2483: 2480:in honour of 2479: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2457: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2438: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2419: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2391: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2372:IUCN Red List 2364: 2355: 2353: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2303: 2301: 2291: 2287: 2285: 2284: 2279: 2275: 2270: 2267: 2262: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2239: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2222: 2217: 2208: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2173:Brandt's vole 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2105:Pallas's pika 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2076: 2073: 2068: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2053: 2049: 2048:radio collars 2045: 2040: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2021: 2012: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1997:alpine steppe 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1929: 1925: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1898:western China 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1882:alpine meadow 1879: 1875: 1871: 1866: 1864: 1863:Vitim Plateau 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1835:Lake Gusinoye 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1787: 1783: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1728: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1705: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1670:Dasht-e Nawar 1667: 1663: 1662: 1657: 1656: 1651: 1650:Abadeh County 1647: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1598: 1594: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1559: 1557: 1554:grasses. The 1553: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1532: 1527: 1526: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1508: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1475: 1473: 1469: 1468:ribosomal RNA 1465: 1461: 1457: 1452: 1450: 1446: 1443:tip of 155.4 1442: 1438: 1422: 1418: 1412: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1377: 1375: 1374: 1369: 1368: 1363: 1362: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1340: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1317: 1313: 1302: 1295: 1285: 1284:Edinburgh Zoo 1278: 1253: 1252: 1244: 1243: 1240: 1235: 1234: 1231: 1230: 1222: 1221: 1218: 1213: 1212: 1208: 1207: 1199: 1198: 1189: 1188: 1180: 1179: 1176: 1171: 1170: 1167: 1166: 1158: 1157: 1154: 1149: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1136: 1135: 1132: 1127: 1126: 1123: 1122: 1119: 1114: 1113: 1107: 1106: 1100: 1099: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1083: 1082: 1078: 1077: 1069: 1068: 1065: 1064: 1058: 1057: 1053: 1052: 1044: 1043: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1028: 1027: 1024: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1011: 1010: 1004: 1001: 1000: 994: 993: 987: 986: 979: 978: 971: 970: 966: 965: 961: 960: 948: 947: 939: 938: 935: 934: 928: 927: 924: 923: 915: 914: 911: 906: 905: 901: 900: 892: 891: 888: 887: 881: 878: 877: 873: 872: 864: 863: 860: 858: 854: 848: 847: 844: 843: 835: 834: 831: 829: 825: 819: 818: 815: 814: 806: 805: 802: 800: 799:P. viverrinus 796: 790: 789: 786: 785: 782: 780: 776: 770: 769: 763: 762: 756: 755: 749: 746: 745: 739: 738: 731: 728: 727: 720: 719: 715: 714: 710: 709: 701: 699: 693: 686: 681: 680: 675: 671: 665: 660: 654: 649: 645: 641: 637: 625: 621: 617: 614: 611: 607: 603: 599: 596: 593: 590: 589: 588: 586: 583: 575: 571: 567: 563: 560: 557: 553: 550: 547: 546:Transbaikalia 543: 539: 536: 532: 531: 530: 528: 524: 523:John Ellerman 519: 517: 516: 511: 507: 503: 499: 496:in 1842 as a 495: 491: 484: 480: 476: 472: 469: 466: 462: 458: 455: 454: 453: 451: 447: 444:southeast of 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 418: 416: 412: 408: 404: 399: 397: 393: 389: 385: 384:IUCN Red List 381: 380:Least Concern 376: 374: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 342: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 313: 311: 306: 302: 298: 297: 292: 281: 277: 272: 266: 262: 259: 256: 253: 252: 250: 245: 240: 234: 232: 226: 223: 222:Binomial name 219: 215: 214: 213:O. manul 209: 206: 205: 200: 195: 194: 190: 187: 186: 183: 180: 177: 176: 173: 170: 167: 166: 163: 160: 157: 156: 153: 150: 147: 146: 143: 140: 137: 136: 133: 130: 127: 126: 123: 120: 117: 116: 113: 110: 107: 106: 101: 96: 92: 86: 80: 75: 69: 64: 63:Least Concern 53: 49: 44: 41: 40:Rotterdam Zoo 36: 32: 27: 24:Pallas's cat 22: 19: 12480: 12255: 12212: 12202: 12192: 12185: 12139: 12129: 12121:Sivapanthera 12119: 12109: 12102: 12094:Prionailurus 12092: 12085: 12075: 12068: 12061: 12051: 12041: 12034: 12024: 12017: 12010: 12003: 11996: 11989: 11982: 11962: 11955: 11948:Proailurinae 11932: 11922: 11914:Pseudaelurus 11912: 11902: 11892: 11882: 11872: 11862: 11852: 11825: 11818: 11808: 11762: 11752: 11742: 11732: 11674: 11667: 11659:Pachycrocuta 11657: 11647: 11637: 11627: 11617: 11607: 11600: 11593: 11583: 11560: 11553: 11530: 11525:Thalassictis 11523: 11516: 11509: 11502: 11495: 11488: 11481: 11474: 11451: 11443:Tongxinictis 11441: 11431: 11421: 11411: 11401: 11374: 11367: 11360: 11353: 11330: 11323: 11270: 11263: 11256: 11249: 11242: 11235: 11215: 11208: 11203:Paracynictis 11201: 11194: 11187: 11180: 11173: 11166: 11146: 11136: 11126: 11116: 11085: 11078: 11071: 11064: 11044: 11037: 11032:Cryptoprocta 11030: 10908:Herpestoidea 10891: 10884: 10877: 10867: 10847: 10837: 10827: 10820: 10813: 10803: 10795:Arctogalidia 10793: 10786: 10768:Macrogalidia 10766: 10759: 10752: 10745: 10738: 10718: 10711: 10691: 10683:Moghradictis 10681: 10673:Mioprionodon 10671: 10661: 10651: 10643:Forsythictis 10641: 10631: 10623:Africanictis 10621: 10585: 10565: 10555: 10545: 10535: 10481: 10336: 10327: 10318: 10309: 10300: 10291: 10282: 10273: 10264: 10255: 10246: 10237: 10228: 10219: 10210: 10201: 10192: 10172: 10160: 10151: 10142: 10133: 10121: 10096: 10087: 10078: 10066: 10054: 10042: 10031:L. sumatrana 10030: 10021: 10009: 9997: 9980: 9968: 9956: 9947: 9938: 9929: 9917: 9905: 9863: 9854: 9842: 9830: 9814:V. peregusna 9813: 9801: 9768: 9759: 9739: 9727: 9714:Lyncodontini 9705:Ictonychinae 9689:M. zibellina 9688: 9679: 9670: 9661: 9652: 9644:M. flavigula 9643: 9634: 9626:M. americana 9625: 9605: 9593: 9581: 9569: 9557: 9546:Eira barbara 9545: 9519: 9511:M. personata 9510: 9501: 9492: 9483: 9474: 9454: 9438: 9429: 9421:M. canescens 9420: 9411: 9399: 9387: 9378: 9369: 9357: 9328: 9316: 9304: 9223: 9214: 9202: 9190: 9181: 9169: 9140: 9131: 9122: 9113: 9093: 9081: 9072: 9063: 9043: 9031: 9030:Cacomistle ( 9022: 9010: 8999:Potos flavus 8998: 8968: 8959: 8950: 8941: 8921: 8909: 8900: 8880: 8868: 8859: 8847: 8835: 8826: 8817: 8808: 8788: 8755: 8696: 8687: 8678: 8669: 8635: 8626: 8606: 8590: 8578: 8566: 8551:(monk seals) 8507: 8498: 8489: 8477: 8465: 8456: 8444: 8432: 8423: 8414: 8388: 8379: 8322: 8314:A. townsendi 8313: 8304: 8296:A. philippii 8295: 8286: 8277: 8268: 8260:A. australis 8259: 8247: 8235: 8218: 8206: 8194: 8173: 8164: 8152: 8140: 8114: 8102: 8062: 7941:U. maritimus 7940: 7939:Polar bear ( 7931: 7930:Brown bear ( 7922: 7913: 7901: 7889: 7880: 7879:Sloth bear ( 7854: 7842: 7830: 7818: 7768: 7759: 7750: 7741: 7732: 7723: 7714: 7705: 7693: 7682:Cuon alpinus 7681: 7672: 7656:L. mesomelas 7655: 7646: 7634: 7603: 7594: 7585: 7584:Pampas fox ( 7576: 7567: 7558: 7546: 7534: 7525: 7509:S. venaticus 7508: 7496: 7484: 7483:Maned wolf ( 7465:Cerdocyonina 7433: 7432:Fennec fox ( 7424: 7415: 7407:V. rueppelli 7406: 7397: 7388: 7379: 7378:Arctic fox ( 7371:V. ferrilata 7370: 7361: 7360:Corsac fox ( 7352: 7343: 7334: 7333:Bengal fox ( 7312: 7300: 7291: 7279: 7267: 7241: 7240:Island fox ( 7232: 7220: 7153:H. sanguinea 7152: 7143: 7134: 7126:H. ichneumon 7125: 7116: 7104: 7092: 7083: 7074: 7062: 7050: 7041: 7032: 7023: 7006: 6997: 6988: 6979: 6970: 6961: 6953:U. edwardsii 6952: 6944:U. brachyura 6943: 6934: 6922: 6910: 6901: 6871: 6862: 6853: 6845:C. alexandri 6844: 6832: 6820: 6811: 6799: 6787: 6770: 6762:M. gambianus 6761: 6749: 6737: 6721:S. suricatta 6720: 6708: 6683: 6658: 6649: 6637: 6625: 6608: 6599: 6587: 6575: 6545: 6536: 6524: 6512: 6503: 6480:carnivorans) 6461: 6432: 6420: 6408: 6399: 6367: 6355: 6325:Herpestoidea 6288:Herpestoidea 6255: 6247:G. victoriae 6246: 6237: 6236:Cape genet ( 6228: 6220:G. servalina 6219: 6210: 6209:King genet ( 6202:G. piscivora 6201: 6192: 6183: 6174: 6166:G. johnstoni 6165: 6156: 6147: 6138: 6129: 6120: 6102: 6091:P. leightoni 6090: 6081: 6063: 6038: 6029: 6021:V. megaspila 6020: 6012:V. civettina 6011: 5999: 5987: 5978: 5963: 5947: 5920: 5911: 5902: 5890: 5878: 5869: 5860: 5851: 5825: 5816: 5807: 5798: 5696: 5687: 5679:F. margarita 5678: 5669: 5660: 5659:Jungle cat ( 5651: 5642: 5630: 5614: 5605: 5597:P. planiceps 5596: 5587: 5578: 5568:Prionailurus 5566: 5554: 5552: 5524: 5512: 5500: 5499:Jaguarundi ( 5483: 5471: 5450: 5441: 5432: 5423: 5411: 5399: 5390: 5381: 5372: 5363: 5354: 5346:L. geoffroyi 5345: 5336: 5335:Pampas cat ( 5324: 5308: 5299: 5287: 5275: 5245: 5236: 5224: 5213:P. marmorata 5212: 5200: 5180: 5155: 5146: 5137: 5128: 5119: 5107: 5095: 5086: 5074: 5029: 5020: 5003: 4976: 4929:Superorder: 4923:Infraclass: 4849: 4824: 4818: 4795:. 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I. 2706: 2697: 2693: 2687: 2658: 2652: 2628: 2606: 2600: 2589: 2577:. Retrieved 2563: 2557: 2551: 2525: 2491: 2463: 2439: 2425:initiated a 2420: 2397: 2394:In captivity 2369: 2358:Conservation 2334:Sanjiangyuan 2322:bromadiolone 2307:herding dogs 2304: 2300:Soviet Union 2297: 2288: 2281: 2277: 2271: 2263: 2247:testosterone 2240: 2225: 2196: 2176: 2169:grasshoppers 2156: 2148: 2140: 2132: 2124: 2116: 2113:Daurian pika 2108: 2100: 2092: 2082: 2069: 2041: 2035:by spraying 2033:scent marked 2026: 2023:Pallas's cat 1934: 1922:pastoralists 1910:Gêrzê County 1908:channel. In 1889: 1886:plateau pika 1867: 1819:Mongun-Taiga 1795:Ukok Plateau 1792: 1736:Gissar Range 1729: 1717:Turkmenistan 1706: 1665: 1659: 1653: 1603: 1560: 1540:intermontane 1529: 1523: 1519: 1481: 1464:transfer RNA 1453: 1413: 1384: 1381:domestic cat 1378: 1371: 1365: 1359: 1341: 1323:. Its chin, 1309: 1239:Pantherinae 1238: 1216: 1174: 1152: 1131:Fishing cat 1130: 1118:Leopard cat 1117: 1092:Prionailurus 1091: 1063:Pallas's cat 1062: 1061: 1036: 1031: 1016: 1014: 1002: 931: 909: 886:Pallas's cat 885: 884: 879: 856: 851: 828:P. planiceps 827: 822: 798: 793: 778: 773: 748:Prionailurus 747: 711:nuclear DNA: 697: 679:Prionailurus 677: 648:late Miocene 636:Phylogenetic 634: 615: 602:Central Asia 597: 591: 579: 561: 551: 537: 520: 513: 509: 498:generic name 489: 488: 475:Sergey Ognev 473:proposed by 470: 459:proposed by 456: 442:Dzhida River 425: 424: 400: 377: 325:Central Asia 314: 300: 295: 294: 291:Pallas's cat 290: 288: 260: 254: 230: 228: 212: 211: 192: 191: 18: 12481:Felis manul 12373:iNaturalist 12280:Wikispecies 12204:Leontoceryx 12178:Pantherinae 12141:Vishnufelis 12104:Pristifelis 12063:Miracinonyx 12053:Magerifelis 12026:Leptailurus 12012:Herpailurus 11934:Styriofelis 11904:Miopanthera 11669:Palinhyaena 11629:Ikelohyaena 11532:Tungurictis 11490:Ictitherium 11476:Herpestides 11433:Pliocrocuta 11325:Dinocrocuta 11258:Liberiictis 11237:Crossarchus 11159:Herpestinae 11102:Herpestidae 11080:Mungotictis 11002:Herpestidae 10917:Herpestidae 10893:Viverricula 10879:Semigenetta 10869:Civettictis 10829:Paradoxurus 10731:Hemigalinae 10663:Ketketictis 10653:Lufengictis 10598:Viverroidea 10578:Nandiniidae 10557:Asiavorator 10328:M. sibirica 10310:M. putorius 10283:M. nigripes 10265:M. lutreola 10238:M. haidarum 10134:N. africana 10097:A. congicus 10088:A. cinereus 10079:A. capensis 9979:Sea otter ( 9957:L. provocax 9864:I. striatus 9785:Ictonychini 9680:M. melampus 9592:Wolverine ( 9570:P. pennanti 9493:M. moschata 9484:M. everetti 9430:M. leucurus 9388:A. hoevenii 9379:A. collaris 9329:M. capensis 9224:N. olivacea 9139:Olinguito ( 9095:Bassaricyon 9082:P. pygmaeus 9012:Bassariscus 8985:Procyonidae 8960:S. putorius 8951:S. gracilis 8869:M. mephitis 8860:M. macroura 8754:Red panda ( 8734:Musteloidea 8695:Ross seal ( 8648:Lobodontini 8580:Neomonachus 8508:P. sibirica 8466:P. vitulina 8431:Grey seal ( 8413:Harp seal ( 8305:A. pusillus 8269:A. forsteri 8104:Callorhinus 8038:Pinnipedia 7997:Musteloidea 7769:C. simensis 7733:C. lupaster 7602:Hoary fox ( 7595:L. sechurae 7568:L. fulvipes 7559:L. culpaeus 7455:(true dogs) 7414:Swift fox ( 7389:V. macrotis 7281:Nyctereutes 7190:Caniformia 7135:H. ochracea 7093:B. nigripes 7084:B. jacksoni 6971:U. javanica 6888:Herpestinae 6863:C. obscurus 6854:C. ansorgei 6834:Crossarchus 6690:(mongooses) 6679:Herpestidae 6659:S. durrelli 6650:S. concolor 6600:G. fasciata 6537:E. goudotii 6458:Herpestidae 6368:P. cristata 6229:G. thierryi 6184:G. maculata 6148:G. cristata 6139:G. bourloni 5892:Paradoxurus 5850:Binturong ( 5789:Hemigalinae 5766:Viverroidea 5729:Viverroidea 5688:F. nigripes 5540:Leopard cat 5525:P. concolor 5442:L. pardinus 5391:L. tigrinus 5382:L. pardalis 5373:L. jacobita 5364:L. guttulus 5337:L. colocola 5096:N. nebulosa 5066:Pantherinae 4946:Feliformia 4702:Felis manul 4367:Felis manul 3872:: 101–119. 3436:: 993–1094. 3281:(49): 8–9. 3089:(2): 48–88. 2913:(1): 1–11. 2783:Felis manul 2731:Felis manul 2653:Felis manul 2601:Felis manul 2579:20 November 2474:common name 2400:Beijing Zoo 2319:rodenticide 2201:cypriniform 2193:woolly hare 2121:steppe pika 2072:crepuscular 2061:home ranges 1859:Transbaikal 1839:interfluves 1811:Chagan-Uzun 1797:and in the 1772:Betpak-Dala 1674:Afghanistan 1646:transhumant 1618:camera trap 1548:semi-desert 1435:. It has a 1385:Felis catus 1367:Herpailurus 1337:guard hairs 1329:transversal 1303:in Kent, UK 933:Pantherinae 795:Fishing cat 775:Leopard cat 640:nuclear DNA 592:O. m. manul 574:Balochistan 570:Afghanistan 529:considered 479:erythristic 446:Lake Baikal 426:Felis manul 321:Lake Baikal 255:O. m. manul 247:Subspecies 178:Subfamily: 81:Appendix II 12634:Otocolobus 12618:Categories 12300:Otocolobus 12131:Sivapardus 12087:Pratifelis 12077:Pardofelis 12070:Otocolobus 12036:Leptofelis 11957:Proailurus 11924:Sivaelurus 11854:Asilifelis 11764:Viretictis 11734:Pseudictis 11676:Parahyaena 11649:Lycyaenops 11619:Hyaenictis 11555:Gansuyaena 11543:Protelinae 11453:Werdelinus 11423:Metahyaena 11403:Allohyaena 11362:Izmirictis 11332:Percrocuta 11228:Mungotinae 11148:Ugandictis 11073:Galidictis 11057:Galidiinae 11023:Euplerinae 11014:Eupleridae 10974:See below↓ 10946:See below↓ 10926:See below↓ 10860:Viverrinae 10849:Tugenictis 10740:Chrotogale 10704:Genettinae 10693:Progenetta 10607:Viverridae 10521:Aeluroidea 10509:Nimravidae 10498:Nimravidae 10483:Palaeogale 10456:Feliformia 10396:Genera of 10301:M. nudipes 10292:M. nivalis 10256:M. kathiah 10211:M. erminea 10202:M. altaica 10152:N. frenata 10143:N. felipei 10113:Mustelinae 9855:I. libycus 9769:G. vittata 9635:M. caurina 9412:M. anakuma 9290:Mustelidae 9277:Mustelidae 9253:see below↓ 9244:Mustelidae 9141:B. neblina 9052:(raccoons) 9023:B. astutus 9021:Ringtail ( 8997:Kinkajou ( 8969:S. pygmaea 8910:M. marchei 8768:Mephitidae 8636:M. leonina 8528:Monachinae 8499:P. hispida 8490:P. caspica 8287:A. gazella 8219:N. cinerea 8115:C. ursinus 8053:Odobenidae 8006:see below↓ 7986:see below↓ 7970:Pinnipedia 7888:Sun bear ( 7855:T. ornatus 7844:Tremarctos 7820:Ailuropoda 7758:Red wolf ( 7724:C. latrans 7647:L. adustus 7604:L. vetulus 7577:L. griseus 7507:Bush dog ( 7398:V. pallida 7396:Pale fox ( 7380:V. lagopus 7351:Cape fox ( 7231:Gray fox ( 6989:U. smithii 6821:H. parvula 6812:H. hirtula 6700:Mungotinae 6589:Galidictis 6562:Galidiinae 6490:Euplerinae 6473:Eupleridae 6462:sensu lato 6433:C. crocuta 6366:Aardwolf ( 6297:see below↓ 6238:G. tigrina 6211:G. poensis 6193:G. pardina 6175:G. letabae 6157:G. genetta 6055:Genettinae 6039:V. zibetha 5959:Viverrinae 5948:sensu lato 5943:Viverrinae 5912:P. jerdoni 5779:Viverridae 5738:see below↓ 5677:Sand cat ( 5484:A. jubatus 5309:C. caracal 5202:Pardofelis 5021:P. linsang 4962:Feliformia 4787:Moscow Zoo 4722:1049638774 4646:2013-02-08 4231:: 104583. 4056:0253328551 3802:: 370905. 3514:(54): 4–7. 2791:: 299–306. 2733:Pallas)". 2500:References 2423:Moscow Zoo 2384:Endangered 2326:carnivores 2261:of sperm. 2221:Parken Zoo 2183:after the 2125:O. pusilla 2065:overlapped 1945:Changthang 1906:irrigation 1764:Kazakhstan 1756:Alay Range 1748:Kyrgyzstan 1744:Uzbekistan 1740:Tajikistan 1678:Koh-i-Baba 1661:Astragalus 1606:Aras River 1583:Azerbaijan 1552:xerophytic 1544:dry steppe 1496:grasslands 1492:shrublands 1456:base pairs 1437:bite force 1417:carnassial 1409:retractile 1393:nasal bone 1321:jaw joints 1033:Jungle cat 880:Otocolobus 587:, namely: 510:Otocolobus 490:Otocolobus 485:mountains. 417:programs. 369:lagomorphs 337:Hindu Kush 193:Otocolobus 162:Feliformia 158:Suborder: 12496:Q24006022 12019:Leopardus 11964:Vinayakia 11894:Namafelis 11884:Katifelis 11827:Prionodon 11810:Haplogale 11744:Stenogale 11639:Leecyaena 11585:Adcrocuta 11573:Hyaeninae 11387:Hyaenidae 11376:Sivanasua 11369:Lophocyon 11355:Euboictis 11300:Hyaenidae 11196:Ichneumia 11189:Herpestes 11128:Legetetia 11118:Kichechia 10937:Hyaenidae 10839:Siamictis 10815:Kichechia 10788:Arctictis 10761:Hemigalus 10754:Diplogale 10441:Carnivora 10421:Kingdom: 10402:mongooses 10247:M. itatsi 10181:(weasels) 10044:Lutrogale 9981:E. lutris 9939:L. felina 9748:(grisons) 9671:M. martes 9614:(martens) 9532:Guloninae 9318:Mellivora 9191:N. narica 9132:B. medius 9123:B. gabbii 9114:B. alleni 9102:(olingos) 9071:Raccoon ( 8923:Spilogale 8809:C. chinga 8790:Conepatus 8746:Ailuridae 8545:Monachini 8457:P. largha 8127:Otariinae 8090:sea lions 8085:fur seals 8076:Otariidae 7961:Mustelida 7932:U. arctos 7794:Arctoidea 7751:C. lycaon 7706:C. aureus 7636:Lupulella 7548:Lycalopex 7425:V. vulpes 7423:Red fox ( 7387:Kit fox ( 7362:V. corsac 7106:Herpestes 6719:Meerkat ( 6478:(Malagasy 6380:Hyaeninae 6341:Hyaenidae 6256:G. felina 5670:F. lybica 5482:Cheetah ( 5400:L. wiedii 5389:Oncilla ( 5355:L. guigna 5326:Leopardus 5307:Caracal ( 5300:C. aurata 5235:Bay cat ( 5156:P. pardus 5154:Leopard ( 5129:P. tigris 5087:N. diardi 5005:Prionodon 4905:Kingdom: 4894:Carnivora 4763:Postimees 4284:213813640 4130:234058227 3772:(46): 35. 3757:(36): 18. 3740:236375513 3422:Radde, G. 3329:(65): 27. 3283:CiteSeerX 3261:231929008 3253:0939-7140 3239:: 12–18. 2460:Etymology 2454:stillborn 2332:. In the 2305:Cases of 2251:ejaculate 2236:Gestation 2161:passerine 1666:Artemisia 1610:Azarshahr 1520:Artemisia 1516:sagebrush 1484:Dzungaria 1421:premolars 1376:species. 631:Phylogeny 620:Himalayas 566:Turkestan 521:In 1951, 483:Kopet Dag 438:described 341:Himalayas 207:Species: 152:Carnivora 118:Kingdom: 112:Eukaryota 12583:Species+ 12562:14000043 12536:10194699 12490:Wikidata 12464:Species+ 12391:10859216 12265:Wikidata 12194:Panthera 12187:Neofelis 11991:Catopuma 11984:Acinonyx 11717:Feloidea 11704:Feloidea 11562:Proteles 11497:Lycyaena 11272:Suricata 11251:Helogale 11244:Dologale 11217:Xenogale 11182:Cynictis 11175:Bdeogale 11087:Salanoia 11039:Eupleres 10965:Feloidea 10805:Kanuites 10747:Cynogale 10633:Dunictis 10587:Nandinia 10435:Mammalia 10429:Chordata 10427:Phylum: 10423:Animalia 10227:Ferret ( 10161:N. vison 10022:L. lutra 9890:(otters) 9884:Lutrinae 9741:Galictis 9653:M. foina 9568:Fisher ( 9456:Melogale 9439:M. meles 9359:Arctonyx 9204:Nasuella 9182:N. nasua 9159:(coatis) 9073:P. lotor 8849:Mephitis 8608:Mirounga 8358:Phocinae 8339:Phocidae 8208:Neophoca 8154:Zalophus 8061:Walrus ( 7760:C. rufus 7742:C. lupus 7722:Coyote ( 7557:Culpeo ( 7498:Speothos 7434:V. zerda 7416:V. velox 7353:V. chama 7064:Bdeogale 6962:U. fusca 6801:Helogale 6771:M. mungo 6710:Suricata 6639:Salanoia 6546:E. major 6526:Eupleres 6357:Proteles 6346:(hyenas) 6110:(genets) 5661:F. chaus 5652:F. catus 5643:F. bieti 5523:Cougar ( 5473:Acinonyx 5451:L. rufus 5449:Bobcat ( 5398:Margay ( 5380:Ocelot ( 5353:Kodkod ( 5274:Serval ( 5237:C. badia 5226:Catopuma 5136:Jaguar ( 5120:P. uncia 5109:Panthera 5076:Neofelis 4994:Feloidea 4925:Eutheria 4919:Mammalia 4913:Chordata 4911:Phylum: 4907:Animalia 4855:Archived 4709:Mammalia 4662:Cat News 4592:Cat News 4518:28074383 4435:92407176 4411:in Iran" 4388:20095570 4350:83986577 4330:Mammalia 4264:Mammalia 4025:Cat News 4006:Cat News 3972:Cat News 3950:Cat News 3931:Cat News 3916:Cat News 3897:Cat News 3847:Cat News 3825:Cat News 3770:Cat News 3755:Cat News 3669:Cat News 3617:23627705 3609:24484481 3564:Cat News 3512:Cat News 3408:Cat News 3371:Cat News 3352:Cat News 3327:Cat News 3310:(49): 7. 3308:Cat News 3279:Cat News 3214:Cat News 3186:Cat News 3122:17479753 2981:"Manul. 2937:26518481 2851:41672825 2843:16400146 2755:(1858). 2741:: 37–39. 2684:(1842). 2597:(1776). 2526:Cat News 2427:studbook 2315:poaching 2259:motility 2029:solitary 1973:pastures 1918:Ruoergai 1894:colonies 1778:and the 1686:Pakistan 1644:used by 1587:Karabakh 1536:plateaus 1500:outcrops 1498:, rocky 1486:and the 1466:and two 1433:× 2 = 28 1411:claws. 1373:Acinonyx 1333:underfur 1325:whiskers 1037:F. chaus 1019:species 682:between 610:Mongolia 432:used by 428:was the 421:Taxonomy 388:poaching 361:crevices 329:Caucasus 168:Family: 142:Mammalia 132:Chordata 128:Phylum: 122:Animalia 108:Domain: 68:IUCN 3.1 12596:ZooBank 12523:2435023 12430:1006010 12365:5219399 12271:Q166794 11998:Caracal 11975:Felinae 11838:Felidae 11602:Crocuta 11066:Galidia 10886:Viverra 10713:Genetta 10547:Anictis 10439:Order: 10433:Class: 10229:M. furo 10174:Mustela 10123:Neogale 9970:Enhydra 9844:Ictonyx 9803:Vormela 9760:G. cuja 9687:Sable ( 9594:G. gulo 9559:Pekania 9544:Tayra ( 9341:Melinae 9153:Nasuina 9045:Procyon 8401:Phocini 8040:(seals) 7975:(seals) 7867:Ursinae 7809:(bears) 7804:Ursidae 7680:Dhole ( 7470:(zorro) 7344:V. cana 7254:Vulpini 7222:Urocyon 7206:Canidae 6998:U. urva 6502:Fossa ( 6422:Crocuta 6104:Genetta 6001:Viverra 5542:lineage 5464:lineage 5433:L. lynx 5289:Caracal 5263:lineage 5261:Caracal 5193:lineage 5191:Bay cat 5177:Felinae 5138:P. onca 5127:Tiger ( 5047:Felidae 4917:Class: 4896:species 4892:Extant 4797:26 June 4526:1958298 4450:"Manul 4233:Bibcode 3102:Ecology 3037:"Manul 2928:4691742 2823:Bibcode 2814:Science 2370:On the 2352:biomass 2345:⁄ 2330:raptors 2294:Threats 2165:beetles 2163:birds, 2085:rodents 2057:ravines 1884:amidst 1843:Selenga 1841:of the 1709:Tedzhen 1702:juniper 1630:Aladagh 1567:Armenia 1525:Festuca 1445:newtons 1439:at the 1430:3.1.2.1 1427:3.1.2.1 1397:cranial 1356:Felinae 732: 730:Felinae 672:from a 650:around 618:in the 556:Kashmir 382:on the 373:rodents 365:burrows 347:to the 267:, 1842) 265:Hodgson 241:, 1776) 188:Genus: 182:Felinae 172:Felidae 148:Order: 138:Class: 83: ( 66: ( 12549:183791 12456:224050 12404:552765 12352:328665 12326:279138 12308:ARKive 11609:Hyaena 11413:Belbus 11265:Mungos 11168:Atilax 10822:Paguma 10720:Poiana 10406:hyenas 10398:civets 9919:Lontra 9607:Martes 8882:Mydaus 8776:skunks 7740:Wolf ( 7620:Canina 7450:Canini 7314:Vulpes 7210:(dogs) 6751:Mungos 6065:Poiana 5147:P. leo 5145:Lion ( 5051:(cats) 4720: 4547: 4524: 4516: 4433: 4386: 4348: 4282: 4128: 4053: 3738: 3615: 3607: 3285: 3259: 3251: 3120: 3051: 3018: 2935: 2925: 2879: 2849: 2841: 2472:. The 2338:20,906 2269:tail. 2266:litter 2232:estrus 2059:. The 2044:marmot 1989:Bhutan 1957:Sikkim 1953:alpine 1937:Ladakh 1851:Khilok 1847:Chikoy 1642:corral 1512:shrubs 1507:slopes 1447:and a 1441:canine 1405:orbits 1403:. Its 1352:pupils 1344:pinnae 1015:other 624:Bhutan 407:Europe 396:mining 239:Pallas 201:, 1841 199:Brandt 12575:86183 12531:IRMNG 12510:3DXVG 12469:98338 12443:61408 12417:15640 12386:IRMNG 12378:42029 12339:4B7BN 12005:Felis 11785:(See 11046:Fossa 10068:Aonyx 10011:Lutra 9401:Meles 9171:Nasua 8446:Phoca 7903:Ursus 7695:Canis 7322:foxes 5632:Felis 4640:(PDF) 4625:(PDF) 4575:[ 4569:(PDF) 4522:S2CID 4457:(PDF) 4431:S2CID 4384:JSTOR 4372:(PDF) 4346:S2CID 4308:ssp.) 4306:Felis 4280:S2CID 4126:S2CID 4043:(PDF) 3843:(PDF) 3792:(PDF) 3736:S2CID 3613:S2CID 3389:(PDF) 3348:(PDF) 3257:S2CID 3182:(PDF) 3079:(PDF) 2991:[ 2847:S2CID 2522:(PDF) 2446:semen 2311:traps 2255:sperm 2243:blood 2037:urine 1979:. In 1965:Nepal 1941:Indus 1916:. In 1815:Argut 1803:Kuray 1799:Altai 1762:. 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