2217:
2110:, a center of Shi'i learning in central Iraq, each day from afternoon to evening prayer, 100 townsmen participated in a ritual appealing to the Mahdi to reappear. Drums were beaten, trumpets and bugles blown, a saddled horse for the Mahdi led to the sanctuary of the 'Master of the Hour' where the Shiʿa townsmen would cry: 'In the name of Allah, Master of the Hour, in the name of Allah, come, for disorder is rampant and iniquity rife! This is the moment for you to appear! Through you, Allah will make known the true from the false!" Similar messianic events occurred in Iran.
159:, waiting for the Mahdi "is hailed as a form of worship; joining him when he appears and fighting under his banner to fill the world with justice is an everyday aspiration of the faithful", so that more pious Muslims are naturally attracted to support for someone convincingly claiming to be a Mahdi, there is sometimes considerable clash between a claimant on the one hand, and orthodox believers and Islamic scholars on the other. In Iraq claimants have been condemned as "infidels, charlatans and liars", while in Iraq one self-proclaimed mahdi (
621:
1998:
2532:
2502:"Unable any longer to pose as the Mahdi, he now claimed to be an ambassador of the Hidden Imam. The Anatolian origins of the Safavid family were conveniently forgotten and replaced by a prophetic ancestry that allowed the dynasty to represent itself as the instrument of the twelfth imam during the course of the Great Occultation. A minority of the Qizilbash nonetheless continued to consider the shah to be the Mahdi himself."
1987:
2709:, but now led an uprising with the help of many members of the strongest Sufi brotherhood, Rahmaniyya. The French besieged their headquarters at the oasis of Zaʿatsha for 52 days, breaking through and annihilated the population. Bu Ziyan's head was mounted on a pike at the village entrance, but "word spread through the Sahara that the Mahdi – or at least one of his sons had escaped alive."
3037:, he called for a defensive jihad against "the American Satan", and threatened all those who resisted him with being put to the sword or dying "in the shadow of the sword". In addition, he has called on Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and "all other" Muslim leaders to "yield their power to him", and "excoriated" all leading Shi'a who deny that "the end of Great Occultation is at hand".
2418:. It leader, born Muhammad al-Mahdi, was proclaimed sovereign, and his followers "saw in him the realization" of a famous hadith stating that "a descendant of the Prophet, bearing the same name, Muhammad, will come to restore justice on earth." The dynasty of Banū Saʿdid went on with the help of firearms to rule Morocco for most of the following century.
2081:(literally in Arabic: innocent or free of sin), ibn Tumart consulted with a council of ten of his oldest disciples, and conform traditional Berber representative government, later added an assembly of fifty tribal leaders. The Almohad rebellion began in 1125 with attacks on Moroccan cities, including Sus and Marrakech.
385:, was known for "unpredictable commands" (destruction of churches, nocturnal ceasefires, liquidation of all dogs, prohibition of music) carried out with extreme violence – and occasionally rescinded with equal suddenness". His impulsiveness was believed by some to be divinely inspired and inspired the
2974:". According to official reports, in late January 2007, Kadim marched towards the Shiite holy city of Najaf planned to execute the Shiite authorities and Grand Ayatollahs there and "take over their hawzas." Alerted to this menace, Iraqi forces surrounded Kadim and killed him, and "263 terrorists" in the
2999:
Haidar
Machtat al-Munchidawi, an Iraqi man nicknamed al-Qahtani, wears a turban and describes himself as "the mediator of the Mahdi"; his followers opened a Facebook page entitled, “Fully Dedicated Youth”; In 2015, according to Al Monitor, the chaos in Iraq was leading to the emergence of a growing
2753:
Muhammad Ahmad bin Abd Allah (1844–1885) was a
Sudanese Sufi sheikh of the Samaniyya order. Expelled for puritanical outbursts of anger, he founded his own order amidst Sudanese popular protest and millenarian unrest over Anglo-Egyptian rule. In June 1881 he declared himself Mahdi, announcing he had
2127:
from 1381 to 1392. Messianic agitation was taken up in 1386 by a dream interpreter by the name of
Fazlallah al-Astarbadi who proclaimed himself the "manifestation of divine glory" and possessing the attributes of the "master of the Age", including the ability to discern hidden meanings of letters of
205:
Islamic literature considers his belief heretical, as several tenets of his teaching contrast with orthodox Islam, such as capital punishment for theft, unlimited divorces, fasting of the month of Rajab instead of
Ramadan, and ten obligatory daily prayers instead of five. Politically, its motivation
2450:
in the south of
Morocco, but after he was killed in combat in 1613 his followers saw "their faith in his invincibility disproven" and fled. His head was severed and hung from the city ramparts until it disintegrated, but despite this graphic evidence "part of the population" in the region refused
2596:
who has revealed new
Scriptures as Ta'wil of Quran and Other Scriptures called Burhan or Kanzul Asrar and was born in 1570, nothing is known about his life to scholars but Zikris have a hidden Scripture about his life called Mahdi Nameh in Balouchi, they have many other hidden Scriptures about the
369:
helped secure for him parts of north Africa using the support of the Berber locals some years later. The date of the apocalypse that was to follow the arrival of the Mahdi was "indefinitely postponed", and
Abdullah was unable to deploy any of the supernatural powers he (in theory) possessed as
2812:
religious movement in 1889, which, although considered by its followers to be Islam, is not recognized as such by the majority of mainstream
Muslims. In 1880, Ahmad claimed to be the Mahdi in his book Braheen-e-Ahmadiyya, where he claimed to have received revelations. In 1974, the Pakistani
579:
had freed them "from the burden of the rules of Holy Law". With that, the assembled took part in a ritual violation of Sharia, a banquet with wine, in violation of the
Ramadan fast, with their backs turned towards Medina. Hassan II explained that he had abrogated the exoteric practice of
420:
was given command of an army sent against the rebels. On 21 June 912, the
Fatimid army decisively defeated the rebels near Mila. The anti-Mahdi al-Mawati and the other rebel leaders were soon captured, and prominently featured in al-Qa'im's triumphal entry into Kairouan in autumn.
2157:
order in what is now Tajikistan, proclaimed one of his followers, Nurbakhsh (the Gift of Light), the awaited Messiah (i.e. Mahdi). This movement "grew in size and influence", staged an unsuccessful revolt, whereupon Khuttalani and dozens of followers – but not
206:
was presumably to establish their independence from the Umayyads, establishing an independent ideology lending legitimacy to the state. Some modern Berber activists regard him as a hero for his resistance to Arab conquest and his foundation of the Berghouata state.
2704:
invaders, was Bu Ziyan. In 1849, Muhammad appeared to him in a series of dreams, commanding him "three times" to "assume the duties of the Mahdi" and drive the French colonialists from Algeria. Bu Ziyan had served as representative of the Anti-French leader
2132:). He was executed in 1394, but his disciples "venerated him as a divine incarnation" and awaited his return under the signs of the "Master of the Sword". This sect was "hounded on all sides for heresy" in Iran and Syria, and gradually assimilated into the
548:
suffered another split. The head of the Fatimid army (Al-Afdal), sidelined the son designated heir (Abu Mansur Nizar) of the deceased caliph for a more compliant son-in-law. A revolt led by Nizar was crushed, but in Iran the commander of Isma'ili forces,
2952:
Sufi order, based in Senegal. After the death of his mother he declared himself to be the Mahdi on May 24, 1884. This caused controversy with the French and many orthodox Muslims. His message emphasized cleanliness, prayer, alms, and social justice.
2122:
in 1335, itinerant brotherhoods propagated "popular spirituality", with the "foremost" group, the Shaykhiyya-Juryya, announcing the imminent coming of the Mahdi and calling on Shia to prepare for his arrival by taking up arms. They were subdued by
592:" (the last Imam of Shia Islam). Observance of Islamic rites was punishable by the utmost severity; Resistance was nonetheless deep, and Hasan was stabbed to death by his own brother-in-law. Islamic law was reintroduced after the death of his son.
2994:
According to at least Shi'i beliefs, before the hidden imam/mahdi himself appears, "a messenger that represents him and serves as an intermediary between him and the people" will appear, conveying his commands and carrying out some of his tasks.
2105:
With the Mongol invasion of the eastern Muslim world in the 13th century, many Muslims were killed, and Iran and Iraq came under Mongol control. By the early 14th century Shi'a in Iran and Iraq began "clandestine dissidence". For example, in
174:
Mahmoud Pargoo offers the explanation that according to Shīʿa hadiths, the mahdi "will bring a new religion, a new book and a new law"; making hard won Islamic learning and beloved, established religious rituals and institutions "redundant."
492:. He used a black banner and claimed to be the Mahdi, with the name Muhammad al-Mahi Billah. Very quickly he was arrested by Abu Yazid's son, Ayyub, and interrogated. After he was tested about his knowledge of
2394:; 1359–1420), full name Sheikh Bedreddin Mahmud Bin Israel Bin Abdulaziz, was an influential mystic, scholar, theologian, and revolutionary. He is best known for his role in a 1416 revolt against the
3000:
number of people claiming to be either "the Shiites’ awaited Imam Mahdi or his messenger". Adnan Abu Zeed describes, though some contend, it is intended to eliminate the Shiite religious authorities.
276:(Abadullah ibn Muhammad), but after his death was revered by his followers as "the seventh and last imam ... whose return was awaited under the signs and powers customarily ascribed to the Mahdi."
2182:
of Allah.) By 1436 his following had grown in southwestern Iran and he now claimed to "the seventh imam's ultimate incarnation" and delivered "an address of the Mahdi". His sect became known as
2467:) that converted to Shiʿism in the fifteenth century, (although the dynasty was "probably of Kurdish origin"). The Safavids depended for military power on "fanatical Turkmen tribes", known as "
2613:(1578–1603), sultan of Morocco. The jurist Ahmad bin Muhammad bin al-Siddeeq wrote a treatise exclusively on the Mahdi, presenting a hundred arguments in support of the Mahdism of al-Mansur.
152:, and Sunni Muslims living on the "doctrinal and geographic margins" – such as present day Morocco or Sudan – but was weaker in the heartland of Sunni Islam.
2478:"Strongly influenced" by one of Nurbakhsh's disciples, Ismail used eschatology to justify the savagery of Qizilbash, claiming he was the Mahdi. The ferocious Qizilbash took successively
2978:. Unofficially, Iraqi and American forces are accused of wiping out the entire community of the Soldiers of Heaven, including women and children, at a "camp in Zarga, north of Najaf",
2092:. Abd al Mumin claimed universal leadership in Islam – and placed members of his own family in power, converting the system into a traditional sultanate.
1749:
464:; "urging his followers" to denounce Abrahamic prophets and "celebrate fire" as Zoroastrians did. Abu Tahir disavowed him as an "imposter" and had him put to death.
2471:", who were accused of paganism and shamanism and even ritual cannibalism. After its leader (Haydar) died in combat, he was succeeded by his twelve-year-old son
3996:
1911:
627:
2198:'s tomb. He also established an emirate in Khurzestan passed on to his descendants, who became provincial governors after the emirate was conquered by the
4009:
3829:
Ibraz al-Wahm al-Maknun min Kalam Ibn Khaldun aw al-Murshid al-Mahdi li-rad ta’an Ibn Khaldun bi Ahadith al-Mahdi, National Library of Rabat, MS Dal 1878
3033:, the eschatological leader from Yemen who will precede the return of the Imam, although this is not a mainstream belief in Shia Islam. Following the
2285:
3003:
Fadel al-Marsoumi, self-described as “the divine preacher”, claims to be sent by God to unify all sects in a single group; also has a Facebook page.
144:
Traditionally interest in "apocalyptic speculation", (with the appearance of the Mahdi being central), has been strongest among mainstream Shia (
3207:
2297:
2289:
17:
2060:
in the corrupted Spanish form). Ibn Tumart rejected all other Islamic legal schools, and saw in the lax morality of the ruling Almorvid dynasty
3212:
2293:
4145:
Yohanan Friedmann, "Prophecy Continuous – Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and Its Medieval Background"; Oxford University Press (2003)
588:) side of the laws. And "while outwardly he was known as the grandson of Buzurgumid", in this esoteric reality, Hasan claimed "he was the
285:
2813:
parliament adopted a law declaring the Ahmadis to be Not-Muslims. Since Ghulam Ahmad's death, the Ahmadiyya community has been led by his
2084:
His failure to capture Marrakech in 1130 "undermined his messianic pretentions to invulnerability", and he died shortly after designated
3197:
3172:
2986:
According to seminary expert, Mehdi Ghafari, some dozens of Kurdish Sufis who claimed to be the Mahdi were imprisoned in Iran in 2012.
396:) took over Egypt and ended the Fatimid state. He imprisoned the last Fatimid Caliph and his family in the Fatimid Palace until death.
2900:. Shahi disappeared from public view in 2001. There have been claims that he died in that year or in 2003, but these are unconfirmed.
3321:
3025:). He has denounced the errancy of religious seminaries in Najaf, and established a militia dubbed the Supporters of the Iman Mahdi (
2774:
in 1885. He predicted he would soon say prayers in Mecca, Medina, Cairo, and Jerusalem, but died a few months after his victory. The
2153:
A generation after the execution of Fazlallah al-Astarbadi in the early fifteenth century, Ishaq al-Khuttalani, a Sufi master of the
1891:
2723:
Alí Muḥammad Shírází (1819–1850) claimed to be the Mahdi in 1844, taking the name the Báb and founded a religious movement known as
2506:
This heresy was suppressed by Ismail's son and successor. Today, he is revered by many Azeris, Turkmen and Kurds, especially by the
3202:
2553:
2027:
366:
2597:
lifes of Prophets and their teachings which all are secretive and hidden and scholars today have only few sources about them.
408:
Berber, al-Mawati was proclaimed as the Mahdi by disillusioned adherents of al-Mahdi Billah, in the aftermath of the purge of
241:. He managed to control the west of Iran for two years. Finally, he was defeated by the caliph armies in AD 746–7 and fled to
4168:
Abbas Amanat, Resurrection and Renewal – the Making of the Bábí Movement in Iran 1844–1850; Cornell University Press (1989);
4136:
3530:
3498:
3471:
1702:
544:
In the late eleventh century, as the Fatimid dynasty relinquished any supranatural claims or interest in millenarianism, the
272:
sect of Islam was named), did not claim to be a Mahdi, and most Isma'ili believe the line of Imams continued through his son
4158:
Peter Smith, the Bábí and Baháʼí Religions – from messianic Shi'ism to a world religion; Cambridge University Press (1987);
2870:
in Mecca on 20 November 1979. The uprising was suppressed after a two-week siege in which at least 300 people were killed.
2061:
1452:
3743:
116:
movement). The continued relevance of the Mahdi doctrine in the Muslim world was most recently emphasised during the 1979
4086:
Introvigne, Massimo; Kotkowska, Karolina Maria (10 May 2024). "The Ahmadi Religion of Peace and Light: An Introduction".
3266:
1764:
1734:
362:
below). His authority as Mahdi was invoked to seize central Syria in 903, but were crushed by Iraqi troops. His preacher/
2442:
leader, who proclaimed himself Mahdi in 1610 after denouncing his Sufi master as an innovator and reviling the ruling
253:, his rival. His followers did not believe his death and said that he went to occultation and he would return as Mahdi.
59:, and will rid the world of wrongdoing, injustice and tyranny. People claiming to be the Mahdi have appeared across the
4061:
3896:
3351:
3052:
2804:
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835–1908) claimed to be both the Mahdi and the second coming of Jesus in the late 19th century in
333:
4192:
4173:
4163:
4150:
3301:
3217:
2857:
2692:
The 19th century provided several Mahdi claimants, some of whose followers and teachings survive to the present day.
2579:
2052:
tribe in the Atlas Mountains for support. Because of their emphasis on the unity of God, his followers were known as
1651:
133:
2561:
2943:
2885:
2426:
Unsuccessfully challenging the Saʿdid dynasty was another figure making use of Mahdi title, Ahmed ibn Abi Mahalli (
1742:
1614:
1581:
97:
1926:
1590:
1011:
3105:
2735:. While Bábism was violently opposed and has very few members in modern times, it continued in the form of the
2557:
1873:
1710:
1693:
4017:
2410:
In 1509, the Banū Saʿdid, a family claiming ancestry from Muhammad and aided with the military support of the
377:
eventually "abandoned millenarian rhetoric" completely and devoted themselves to empire building. They built
3120:
1267:
4221:
4211:
3095:
1623:
755:
417:
2896:
by the MFI. Shahi's supporters claim that his face became prominent on the Moon, Sun, nebula star and the
3110:
445:
571:
in 559 AH (1164 CE), a successor of Hasan-i-Sabbah, Hassan II gathered his followers and announced to "
2628:
and religious scholar who proclaimed himself mahdi and led a revolution (1610–13) against the reigning
2020:
1885:
1669:
2216:
4216:
3177:
3034:
2728:
2316:
2186:. Opponents of his heresy arose in holy cities of Iraq, but his power was such that he destroyed the
2119:
1809:
1248:
429:
389:
religion, adherents of whom believe he is in occultation and due to return as Mahdi on Judgment Day.
358:
state, established in 909, was one of only two claimants who succeeded in establishing a state. (See
313:
3965:(in French). Bordeaux: Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux: Université Montesquieu-Bordeaux IV.
2158:
Nurbakhsh – were executed in 1425. Nurbakhsh eventually established his own order in
1572:
4155:
Timothy Furnish, "Holiest Wars: Islamic Mahdis, their Jihads and Osama bin Laden" (Greenwood, 2005)
3187:
3182:
3167:
3115:
2542:
2446:
for alleged religious laxness and failure to attack Western colonialists. He was took the city of
2387:
2319:, although there are Mahdavi communities in other parts of the world migrated from Hyderabad India
1856:
1779:
1756:
1718:
1203:
510:
505:
409:
339:
305:
293:
265:
214:
304:) – each proclaiming a Mahdi. The Qarmatians broke away from the Salamiyah after
3192:
2546:
1845:
1824:
1771:
1257:
1194:
1161:
1143:
1038:
746:
695:
370:
Mahdi – those who insisted he use them were dismissed and sometimes put to death.
261:
218:
195:
2839:, United States on 4 July 1930. The Nation of Islam teaches that W. Fard Muhammad was both the "
3352:"Who is Ahmad al-Hassan al-Yamani, and why do so many Shīʿas think he is the promised messiah?"
2975:
2879:
2779:
2228:
2224:
1461:
1309:
1212:
1116:
878:
3488:
2048:
decadence in the early 12th century. Rejected in Marrakech and other cities, he turned to his
4126:
3070:
2967:
2914:
Ariffin Mohammed (born 1943), also known as "Ayah Pin", the leader and founder of the banned
2826:
2621:
2183:
2170:
Another example of how a "millenarian insurrection " gave rise "to a new dynastic power" is
2013:
1787:
1726:
1361:
1089:
914:
860:
800:
764:
382:
325:
160:
3325:
3085:
3048:
2867:
2763:
2754:
dreamt that he had been enthroned by Muhammad. He established control over the province of
2352:
1794:
1352:
1230:
1125:
1098:
992:
974:
827:
818:
449:
309:
117:
2862:
Muhammad bin abd Allah al-Qahtani (1935–1979) was proclaimed Mahdi by his brother-in-law,
2736:
2668:. He gained a large following of thousands and started a movement in 1799 by invading the
381:
as capital in Egypt and their descendants continued to rule as Caliphs. The sixth caliph,
8:
3018:
2923:
2001:
1851:
1494:
1445:
1334:
1134:
1080:
773:
676:
604:
576:
453:
44:
92:
4184:
3490:
Imagining the End: Visions of Apocalypse from the Ancient Middle East to Modern America
3075:
3030:
2971:
2863:
2799:
2787:
2677:
2645:
2304:
2272:
Badli, Gujarat, where he attracted a large amount of followers but opposition from the
2171:
1633:
1554:
1530:
1403:
950:
554:
129:
76:
2178:(friend) of the Mahdi circa 1415 CE. (The first Imam, Ali is regarded by Shiʿa as the
4188:
4169:
4159:
4146:
4132:
4103:
3526:
3494:
3467:
3306:
3288:
3029:). Although a native of Iraq, he calls himself (and his followers believe him to be)
2767:
2398:, in which he and his disciples posed a serious challenge to the authority of Sultan
1862:
1817:
1660:
1521:
896:
589:
561:
481:
329:
308:(Salamiyid leader) proclaiming himself mahdi. About 30 years later, Qarmatian leader
4226:
4095:
3926:
3922:
2934:. Devotees of Sky Kingdom believe that one day, Ayah Pin will return as the Mahdi.
2909:
2814:
2383:
2284:
were: 1) Bandagi Meeran Syed Mahmood also known as Sani-e-Mahdi, 2) Bandagi Miyan
2240:
1563:
1436:
1412:
1394:
923:
191:
3059:
620:
3162:
3135:
3089:
3044:
3040:
3006:
2832:
2706:
2669:
2653:
2610:
2460:
2443:
2427:
2259:
1879:
1512:
1485:
485:
183:
87:
83:
2451:
to accept his death and believed that he "had hidden himself from public view."
2250:
He (Syed Muhammad Jaunpuri) claimed to be the Mahdi-e-Maoud on three occasions:
496:
and proved to be unable to respond, he was crucified in front of the city gate.
171:), both with militias, have both vigorously attacked Ayatollahs of Shi'i Islam.
3747:
3140:
3125:
3099:
3079:
2931:
2748:
2395:
2372:
2328:
2137:
1867:
1802:
1343:
941:
932:
658:
550:
514:
461:
437:
301:
168:
156:
3923:"Gohar Shahi, chief of Anjuman-e-Sarferoshan-e-Islam, granted pre-arrest bail"
2970:, announced he was the awaited Mahdi and organized an armed group called "the
190:, proclaimed himself prophet of a new religion in the mid 8th century (second
4205:
4107:
4099:
3152:
3129:
2884:
Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi (born 1941) is the founder of the spiritual movements
2805:
2775:
2657:
2629:
2340:
2232:
1949:
1385:
1325:
1239:
1185:
545:
524:
456:
leader, however, caused great disruption by rejecting traditional aspects of
343:
297:
273:
269:
149:
56:
3963:
La Confrérie layenne et les Lébou du Sénégal: Islam et culture tradtionnelle
3900:
4131:. Translated by DeBevoise, M. B. Berkeley: University of California Press.
3947:
Claimed on the official site Gohar Shahi, and all other major sites of MFI
2783:
2360:
2199:
2085:
1991:
1642:
1276:
1152:
1056:
1001:
983:
887:
728:
612:
284:
In the tenth century the Isma'ili sect split into two – the
145:
125:
60:
3791:(retrieved 3-2-2011) translation in English, in: Mercedes Garcia-Arenal,
3065:
2915:
2897:
2759:
2649:
2332:
2308:
2244:
2236:
1221:
809:
648:
517:
72:
3789:
2680:. He escaped but was later caught and sent for lifetime imprisonment in
3514:
3455:
3014:
2922:, Malaysia. In 1975 a spiritual group was formed in Bagan Lebai Tahir,
2041:
1300:
1107:
1047:
1020:
869:
836:
791:
782:
704:
653:
632:
250:
187:
64:
35:
520:, he assumed the mantle of the Mahdi in a conspiracy to overthrow the
2989:
2809:
2739:, whose followers consider the Báb as a central figure of their own.
2700:
One Mahdi who did not aim to reinvent Islam but to uphold it against
2468:
2464:
2447:
2348:
2324:
2159:
2154:
2045:
1966:
1961:
1939:
1503:
1316:
1029:
905:
737:
585:
477:
473:
441:
289:
234:
226:
163:) and one claiming the mahdi has appointed him his representative (
113:
2724:
2531:
109:
3784:
Mercedes Garcia-Arenal, "Imam et Mahdi : Ibn Abî Mahallî", in
2919:
2771:
2755:
2681:
2665:
2472:
2411:
2399:
2336:
2312:
2211:
2057:
1971:
413:
374:
246:
101:
2926:. He claimed to be the incarnation of Jesus, as well as Muhammad,
2672:
and claiming independence from the British. Declaring himself the
3744:"Biography – Promised One, a biography of Syed Muhammad Jaunpuri"
3222:
3157:
2892:. He is controversial for being declared the Mahdi, Messiah, and
2840:
2836:
2593:
2515:
2495:
2487:
2414:, "the most powerful brotherhood in the region", took control of
2320:
2266:
2162:"but was forced to publicly renounce any claims to the imamate."
2049:
568:
528:
493:
393:
363:
355:
238:
230:
52:
31:
4181:
Bahá'u'lláh and the New Era, An Introduction to the Baháʼí Faith
3017:
Iraqi movement Ansar of Imam al-Mahdi declared in 1998 that the
489:
3060:
People claimed to be the Mahdi by their followers or supporters
2949:
2732:
2661:
2491:
2483:
2368:
2364:
2344:
2281:
2133:
2089:
1944:
581:
405:
351:
68:
2718:
2315:, continue to exist and are centred around the Indian city of
2239:). His father, Syed Muhammad Abdullah was a descendant of the
3948:
3010:
2927:
2893:
2701:
2673:
2511:
2507:
2356:
2273:
2255:
2191:
2187:
2124:
2107:
2068:
663:
558:
521:
457:
386:
378:
347:
242:
121:
48:
3874:
3793:
Messianism and puritanical reform: Mahdīs of the Muslim west
2948:
Mouhammadou Limamou Laye (1843–1909) was the founder of the
221:. At the end of 127 AH / AD 744 Shias of Kufa set up him as
86:, as well as spiritual, power: claimant Mahdis have founded
3820:
Nabil Matar (2008). Queen Elizabeth I Through Moroccan Eyes
2625:
2479:
2439:
2435:
2415:
2296:
also known as Dariya-e-Wahdath-o-Ashaam, 5) Bandagi Miyan
2073:
572:
564:
and the Fatimid court in Cairo from his citadel in Alamut.
222:
105:
2118:
After the Mongol khanate disintegrated after the death of
194:). He appeared during the caliphate of the Umayyad Caliph
3466:] (in German). Munich: C. H. Beck. pp. 159–161.
2195:
2918:, he was born in 1943 in Beris, Kampung Besar Bachok in
2676:, he was defeated after a number of battles against the
440:
man who in 931 CE was declared to be "God incarnate" by
27:
List of Muslims who have claimed to be the Islamic Mahdi
2463:(1501–1736). The dynasty was named after a Sufi order (
392:
The dynasty ended when Salah-ud-Din Ayubi (also called
198:. He established laws for his people, which called him
3377:(2nd ed.). Columbia University Press. p. 22.
3345:
3343:
3302:"Religious cult targeted in fierce battle near Najaf"
55:
who, it is believed, will appear on Earth before the
3525:] (in German). Munich: C. H. Beck. p. 274.
3300:
Roug, Louise; Fakhrildeen, Saad (January 30, 2007).
2851:
2498:, but were routed in 1514 by the Ottoman artillery.
2303:
Syed Muhammad Jaunpuri died in 1505 AD, aged 63, at
460:, and promoting ties to the old Persian religion of
342:(born Abdullah Sa'id) (r. 909–934), the head of the
202:('Restorer of the Believers'), and the final Mahdi.
4085:
3875:"Messiah Foundation International Site about Shahi"
3260:
3258:
3256:
3254:
2831:Wallace D. Fard Muhammad (1877?–1934?) founded the
2292:also known as Miqraaz-e-Biddath, 4) Bandagi Miyan
3853:
3851:
3340:
3324:. news.yahoo.com. Associated Press. Archived from
3106:Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Aftah ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq
2990:People claiming to be representatives of the Mahdi
2288:also known as Siddiq-e-Vilayat, 3) Bandagi Miyan
4039:
4037:
4035:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3523:The Empire of the Mahdi: The Rise of the Fatimids
3464:The Empire of the Mahdi: The Rise of the Fatimids
3267:"'Messengers of God' multiply amidst Iraqi chaos"
2071:by his followers in 1121 CE, and calling himself
312:, proclaimed his own Mahdi, a "young prisoner",
30:For the groups who claimed that their leader was
4203:
3786:Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée
3703:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3680:
3678:
3629:
3627:
3625:
3606:
3592:
3590:
3588:
3434:
3432:
3251:
4178:
3848:
3798:
3717:
3643:
3519:Das Reich des Mahdi: Der Aufstieg der Fatimiden
3460:Das Reich des Mahdi: Der Aufstieg der Fatimiden
3415:
3413:
3411:
3409:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3208:List of people who have been considered deities
4032:
3997:Iran’s multiplicity of messiahs: You’re a fake
3969:
3915:
3349:
3213:Signs of the reappearance of Muhammad al-Mahdi
2624:(1559–1613), from the south of Morocco, was a
233:Caliph, with the support of Shias of Kufa and
3832:
3762:
3694:
3675:
3659:
3622:
3585:
3569:
3554:
3539:
3429:
2712:
2021:
399:
346:sect at the time, declared himself to be the
3738:
3736:
3563:The Assassins : A Radical Sect in Islam
3548:The Assassins : A Radical Sect in Islam
3486:
3406:
3381:
3235:
2040:In Sunni Morocco, Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn
4079:
3889:
3480:
3198:Unfulfilled Christian religious predictions
3173:List of people who have claimed to be Jesus
2937:
2560:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2254:Between the rukn and maqam in front of the
2044:(c. 1078/1080 – c. 1130), sought to reform
499:
488:prince rose in revolt against Abu Yazid at
467:
319:
237:. He moved to west of Iran and Isfahan and
3021:had designated him as his representative (
2843:" of Christianity and the Mahdi of Islam.
2616:
2174:(1400–1465/66). He proclaimed himself the
2028:
2014:
3733:
2873:
2580:Learn how and when to remove this message
2205:
1892:International Islamic University Malaysia
424:
3322:"Iraqi army kills leader of Shiite cult"
3264:
3203:List of founders of religious traditions
3111:Muhammad ibn Abdallah An-Nafs Az-Zakiyya
2961:
2820:
2766:, defeating the Anglo-Egyptian army and
2454:
2421:
2215:
2100:
2095:
2064:of that The Hour of Judgement was nigh.
209:
3960:
2956:
2405:
2220:Muhammad Jaunpuri's tomb in Afghanistan
2143:
553:, broke from the Fatimids in Cairo and
513:was the son and designated heir of the
412:and anti-Kutama riots in the cities of
256:
132:, who had declared his brother-in-law,
14:
4204:
4059:
3565:. Oxford University Press. p. 74.
3550:. Oxford University Press. p. 72.
3281:
2600:
539:
3867:
3560:
3545:
3319:
2793:
2687:
2640:
2635:
2514:and in the religious practice of the
2165:
1912:2016 International Islamic Conference
534:
4002:
3513:
3454:
3372:
2846:
2558:adding citations to reliable sources
2525:
2459:Nurbakhsh influence was felt in the
2391:
4118:
4053:
3366:
3265:Abu Zeed, Adnan (2 February 2015).
3043:, an Egyptian-American disciple of
2521:
2431:
2378:
2265:Taj Khan Salaar Mosque, Ahmedabad,
359:
279:
128:, by at least 200 militants led by
75:– and throughout history since the
24:
4062:"Who is Ahmad al-Hassan al-Yamani"
3877:. Messiah Foundation International
3294:
3289:"Confusion surrounds Najaf battle"
3053:Ahmadi Religion of Peace and Light
2903:
2782:, until 1898, when it fell to the
2764:Turko-Egyptian government of Sudan
2605:
1703:Istihsan al-Khawd fi 'Ilm al-Kalam
249:. He allegedly died imprisoned by
178:
25:
4238:
3287:Hardy, Roger (January 31, 2007).
3218:Reappearance of Muhammad al-Mahdi
3051:("Second Mahdi") and founded the
2858:Muhammad bin abd Allah al-Qahtani
2852:Muḥammad bin abd Allah al-Qahtani
2742:
472:In the summer of 945, during the
296:; and the Qarmatians, centred in
134:Muhammad bin abd Allah al-Qahtani
82:A claimant Mahdi can wield great
4060:Pargoo, Mahmoud (1 April 2019).
2944:Seydina Mouhammadou Limamou Laye
2886:Messiah Foundation International
2866:, who led over 200 militants to
2530:
2088:his successor with the title of
1997:
1996:
1985:
619:
367:Abu 'Abdullah Al-Husayn Al-Shi'i
4124:
4043:
3990:
3980:
3954:
3941:
3899:. goharshahi.pk. Archived from
3857:
3838:
3823:
3814:
3804:
3778:
3768:
3723:
3707:
3684:
3665:
3649:
3633:
3612:
3596:
3575:
3507:
3448:
3438:
3419:
3396:
3241:
2778:continued under his successor,
2592:The Mahdi and final Prophet of
2300:also known as Maqbool-e-Mahdi.
334:Imamah (Shi'a Ismaili doctrine)
18:People claiming to be the Mahdi
4187:: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust.
3951:as accessed on August 19, 2015
3897:"Website from Pakistan Sector"
3493:. I.B. Tauris. pp. 123–.
3320:Gamel, Kim (29 January 2007).
3313:
2981:
1652:Muhammad Sa'id Ramadan al-Buti
1453:'Abdallah ibn 'Alawi al-Haddad
584:and stressed on the esoteric (
13:
1:
3350:Mahmoud Pargoo (April 2019).
3228:
3121:Muhammad ibn Qasim (al-Alawi)
2434:); n (1559–1613). A Moroccan
1735:Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya
1615:Muhammad Mitwalli al-Sha'rawi
1582:Muhammad al-'Arabi al-Tabbani
595:
416:. The Fatimid heir-apparent,
139:
3096:Muhammad Bayazeed Khan Panni
2760:successful military campaign
2148:
1591:Muhammad al-Tahir ibn 'Ashur
1012:Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam
557:against both leaders of the
90:(e.g. the late 19th-century
7:
4125:Filiu, Jean-Pierre (2011).
3146:
2890:Anjuman Serfaroshan-e-Islam
2835:, a religious movement, in
2695:
2056:('unitarians', in English;
1874:Dar al-Hadith al-Ashrafiyya
1711:Mujarrad Maqalat al-Ash'ari
575:, men and angels" that the
555:commenced a reign of terror
186:, the second leader of the
118:seizing of the Grand Mosque
10:
4243:
3949:http://www.goharshahi.com/
2941:
2907:
2877:
2855:
2824:
2797:
2746:
2716:
2713:Alí Muḥammad Shírází (Báb)
2311:. His followers, known as
2209:
1886:Islamic Education Movement
1268:Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi
503:
484:, a man claiming to be an
400:Kadu ibn Mu'arik al-Mawati
323:
29:
3178:List of messiah claimants
3035:American invasion of Iraq
1624:Muhammad 'Alawi al-Maliki
1312:(d. 907/1501 or 908/1502)
756:'Abd al-Qahir al-Baghdadi
527:and their puppet caliph,
4179:Esslemont, J.E. (1980).
4100:10.26338/tjoc.2024.8.3.2
3961:Laborde, Cécile (1994).
3188:List of Buddha claimants
3183:List of avatar claimants
3168:Jewish Messiah claimants
3116:Muhammad ibn Ali al-Hadi
2938:Mouhammadou Limamou Laye
2729:executed by firing squad
2664:rose to prominence as a
2227:(1443–1505) was born in
1857:Al-Qarawiyyin University
1780:Al-Risala al-Qushayriyya
1719:Tabyin Kadhib al-Muftari
511:Muhammad ibn al-Mustakfi
506:Muhammad ibn al-Mustakfi
500:Muhammad ibn al-Mustakfi
468:Muhammad al-Mahdi Billah
340:Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah
320:Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah
306:Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah
294:Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah
4066:ABC Editorial Standards
3561:Lewis, Bernard (1967).
3546:Lewis, Bernard (1967).
3193:Second Coming of Christ
2402:and the Ottoman state.
1846:Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad
1670:Muhammad 'Ali al-Sabuni
1258:Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli
1195:Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini
1162:Badr al-Din al-Zarkashi
1144:Shams al-Din al-Kirmani
1039:Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi
882:(d. 511 or 512/1117-19)
747:Abu Ishaq al-Isfarayini
3027:Ansar al-Imam al-Mahdi
2880:Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi
2874:Riaz Aḥmed Gohar Shahi
2868:seize the Grand Mosque
2780:Abdallahi ibn Muhammad
2770:the Sudanese capital,
2758:and went on to lead a
2504:
2225:Syed Muhammad Jaunpuri
2221:
2206:Syed Muḥammad Jaunpuri
2120:Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan
2114:Fazlallah al-Astarbadi
1810:Daf' Shubah al-Tashbih
1727:Al-'Aqida al-Tahawiyya
1573:Bediüzzaman Said Nursi
1462:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi
1310:Jalal al-Din al-Dawani
1249:Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani
1213:Nur al-Din al-Haythami
1117:Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati
879:Abu al-Qasim al-Ansari
430:Abu'l-Fadl al-Isfahani
425:Abu'l-Fadl al-Isfahani
314:Abu'l-Fadl al-Isfahani
225:. He revolted against
4088:The Journal of CESNUR
3487:Abbas Amanat (2002).
3071:Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah
2968:Dia Abdul Zahra Kadim
2962:Dia Abdul Zahra Kadim
2827:Wallace Fard Muhammad
2821:Wallace Fard Muhammad
2622:Ahmed ibn Abi Mahalli
2617:Ahmed ibn Abi Mahalli
2500:
2455:Shah Ismail I Safavid
2422:Ahmed ibn Abi Mahalli
2219:
2101:Shia in Iran and Iraq
2096:Fourteenth century AD
1788:Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq
1362:Al-Khatib al-Shirbini
1204:Zain al-Din al-'Iraqi
915:Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi
861:Al-Raghib al-Isfahani
801:Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi
628:al-'Aqida al-Murshida
504:Further information:
410:Abu Abdallah al-Shi'i
383:Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah
326:List of Ismaili imams
264:(740–813 CE), son of
215:Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya
210:Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya
161:Dia Abdul Zahra Kadim
4046:Apocalypse in Islam
3983:Apocalypse in Islam
3860:Apocalypse in Islam
3841:Apocalypse in Islam
3807:Apocalypse in Islam
3788:, 2000, pp. 157–180
3771:Apocalypse in Islam
3750:on 27 September 2008
3726:Apocalypse in Islam
3710:Apocalypse in Islam
3687:Apocalypse in Islam
3668:Apocalypse in Islam
3652:Apocalypse in Islam
3636:Apocalypse in Islam
3615:Apocalypse in Islam
3599:Apocalypse in Islam
3578:Apocalypse in Islam
3441:Apocalypse in Islam
3422:Apocalypse in Islam
3399:Apocalypse in Islam
3373:Halm, Heinz (2004).
3244:Apocalypse in Islam
3086:Master Fard Muhammad
3047:, claimed to be the
2976:2007 Battle of Najaf
2957:Twenty-first century
2898:Black Stone in Mecca
2554:improve this section
2406:Sixteenth century AD
2353:United Arab Emirates
2339:and overseas in the
2144:Fifteenth century AD
1880:Nahdlatul Ulama (NU)
1825:Al-Murshid al-Mu'een
1795:Al-Milal wa al-Nihal
1772:Al-Asma' wa al-Sifat
1353:Ibn Hajar al-Haytami
1231:Al-Sharif al-Jurjani
1126:Taqi al-Din al-Subki
1099:Safi al-Din al-Hindi
993:Sayf al-Din al-Amidi
975:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
828:Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi
819:Abu al-Walid al-Baji
696:Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari
450:Abu Tahir al-Jannabi
432:, also known as the
310:Abu Tahir al-Jannabi
262:Muhammad ibn Isma'il
257:Muhammad ibn Isma'il
219:Ja'far ibn Abi Talib
217:was a descendant of
155:While in (at least)
4222:Self-declared mahdi
4212:Islamic eschatology
4128:Apocalypse in Islam
4014:saviorofmankind.com
3009:, an engineer from
2924:Butterworth, Penang
2601:Seventeenth century
2194:, even desecrating
2136:brotherhood of the
1852:Al-Azhar University
1765:Tahafut al-Falasifa
1446:Muhammad al-Zurqani
1335:Zakariyya al-Ansari
1135:Taj al-Din al-Subki
774:Abu Dharr al-Harawi
540:Hassan II of Alamut
288:, headquartered in
45:Islamic eschatology
4185:Wilmette, Illinois
3929:. 18 November 1997
3903:on 22 October 2010
3328:on 7 February 2007
3128:(according to the
3098:(according to the
3088:(according to the
3078:(according to the
3013:and leader of the
2972:Soldiers of Heaven
2864:Juhayman al-Otaibi
2800:Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
2794:Mīrzā Ghulām Aḥmad
2788:Battle of Omdurman
2688:Nineteenth century
2678:East India Company
2646:Agha Muhammad Reza
2641:Āghā Muḥammad Rezā
2636:Eighteenth century
2222:
2172:Muhammad ibn Falah
2166:Muhammad Ibn Falah
2067:Although declared
1634:Abdullah al-Harari
1555:Ahmad Zayni Dahlan
1404:Ibrahim al-Laqqani
765:Abu 'Imran al-Fasi
535:Twelfth century AD
266:Isma'il ibn Ja'far
130:Juhayman al-Otaibi
4138:978-0-520-26431-1
4020:on 12 August 2016
3532:978-3-406-35497-7
3500:978-1-86064-724-6
3473:978-3-406-35497-7
3307:Los Angeles Times
2847:Twentieth century
2808:. He founded the
2590:
2589:
2582:
2038:
2037:
1863:Al-Zaytuna Mosque
1818:Lubab al-Muhassal
1694:Theological works
1683:
1682:
1674:
1665:
1661:Wahbah al-Zuhayli
1656:
1647:
1638:
1628:
1619:
1595:
1586:
1577:
1568:
1559:
1535:
1526:
1525:(d. 1276/1859-60)
1522:Ibrahim al-Bajuri
1517:
1508:
1499:
1490:
1466:
1457:
1441:
1417:
1408:
1399:
1390:
1366:
1357:
1348:
1339:
1330:
1321:
1305:
1281:
1272:
1262:
1253:
1244:
1235:
1226:
1217:
1208:
1199:
1190:
1166:
1157:
1148:
1139:
1130:
1121:
1112:
1103:
1094:
1085:
1061:
1052:
1043:
1034:
1025:
1016:
1006:
997:
988:
979:
955:
946:
937:
928:
919:
910:
901:
897:Ibn Rushd al-Jadd
892:
883:
874:
865:
841:
832:
823:
814:
805:
796:
787:
778:
769:
760:
751:
742:
733:
709:
700:
625:Rock carved with
567:In the middle of
482:Fatimid Caliphate
330:Fatimid Caliphate
200:Salih al-Mu'minin
16:(Redirected from
4234:
4217:Lists of Muslims
4198:
4183:(5th ed.).
4142:
4119:External sources
4112:
4111:
4083:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4072:
4057:
4051:
4041:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4016:. Archived from
4006:
4000:
3994:
3988:
3978:
3967:
3966:
3958:
3952:
3945:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3919:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3893:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3882:
3871:
3865:
3855:
3846:
3836:
3830:
3827:
3821:
3818:
3812:
3802:
3796:
3782:
3776:
3766:
3760:
3759:
3757:
3755:
3746:. Archived from
3740:
3731:
3721:
3715:
3705:
3692:
3682:
3673:
3663:
3657:
3647:
3641:
3631:
3620:
3610:
3604:
3594:
3583:
3573:
3567:
3566:
3558:
3552:
3551:
3543:
3537:
3536:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3484:
3478:
3477:
3452:
3446:
3436:
3427:
3417:
3404:
3394:
3379:
3378:
3370:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3359:
3347:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3317:
3311:
3298:
3292:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3262:
3249:
3239:
3055:(AROPL) in 2015.
2910:Ariffin Mohammed
2654:Iranian ancestry
2585:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2565:
2534:
2526:
2522:Muhammad Nur Pak
2433:
2393:
2384:Sheikh Bedreddin
2379:Sheikh Bedreddin
2335:, as well as in
2030:
2023:
2016:
2000:
1999:
1992:Islam portal
1990:
1989:
1988:
1672:
1663:
1654:
1645:
1636:
1626:
1617:
1593:
1584:
1575:
1566:
1564:Yusuf al-Nabhani
1557:
1533:
1524:
1515:
1506:
1497:
1495:Ahmad ibn 'Ajiba
1488:
1464:
1455:
1439:
1437:Al-Hasan al-Yusi
1415:
1413:Muhammad Mayyara
1406:
1397:
1395:Ahmad al-Maqqari
1388:
1364:
1355:
1346:
1337:
1328:
1319:
1303:
1279:
1270:
1260:
1251:
1242:
1233:
1224:
1215:
1206:
1197:
1188:
1164:
1155:
1146:
1137:
1128:
1119:
1110:
1101:
1092:
1083:
1081:Ibn Daqiq al-'Id
1059:
1051:(d. c. 685/1286)
1050:
1041:
1032:
1023:
1014:
1004:
995:
986:
977:
953:
944:
935:
926:
917:
908:
899:
890:
881:
872:
863:
839:
830:
821:
812:
803:
794:
785:
776:
767:
758:
749:
740:
731:
707:
698:
683:
682:
677:Eminent scholars
623:
600:
599:
590:Imam of the time
280:Tenth century AD
53:Messianic figure
21:
4242:
4241:
4237:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4231:
4202:
4201:
4195:
4139:
4121:
4116:
4115:
4084:
4080:
4070:
4068:
4058:
4054:
4042:
4033:
4023:
4021:
4008:
4007:
4003:
3995:
3991:
3979:
3970:
3959:
3955:
3946:
3942:
3932:
3930:
3921:
3920:
3916:
3906:
3904:
3895:
3894:
3890:
3880:
3878:
3873:
3872:
3868:
3856:
3849:
3837:
3833:
3828:
3824:
3819:
3815:
3803:
3799:
3783:
3779:
3767:
3763:
3753:
3751:
3742:
3741:
3734:
3722:
3718:
3706:
3695:
3683:
3676:
3664:
3660:
3648:
3644:
3632:
3623:
3611:
3607:
3595:
3586:
3574:
3570:
3559:
3555:
3544:
3540:
3533:
3512:
3508:
3501:
3485:
3481:
3474:
3453:
3449:
3437:
3430:
3418:
3407:
3395:
3382:
3371:
3367:
3357:
3355:
3348:
3341:
3331:
3329:
3318:
3314:
3299:
3295:
3286:
3282:
3272:
3270:
3263:
3252:
3240:
3236:
3231:
3163:Messiah complex
3149:
3136:Usman dan Fodio
3090:Nation of Islam
3076:Ja'far al-Sadiq
3062:
3045:Ahmad al-Hassan
3041:Abdullah Hashem
3007:Ahmad al-Hassan
2992:
2984:
2964:
2959:
2946:
2940:
2912:
2906:
2904:Ariffin Moḥamed
2882:
2876:
2860:
2854:
2849:
2833:Nation of Islam
2829:
2823:
2802:
2796:
2751:
2745:
2731:in the town of
2727:. He was later
2721:
2715:
2698:
2690:
2670:Kachari Kingdom
2643:
2638:
2619:
2611:Ahmad al-Mansur
2608:
2606:Ahmad al-Mansur
2603:
2586:
2575:
2569:
2566:
2551:
2535:
2524:
2461:Safavid dynasty
2457:
2424:
2408:
2388:Ottoman Turkish
2381:
2286:Syed Khundameer
2260:Masjid al-Haram
2214:
2208:
2184:Musha'sha'iyyah
2168:
2151:
2146:
2103:
2098:
2034:
1986:
1984:
1977:
1976:
1930:
1929:
1918:
1917:
1914:
1907:
1906:
1897:
1896:
1888:
1882:
1876:
1870:
1859:
1848:
1841:
1840:
1831:
1830:
1813:
1798:
1783:
1775:
1760:
1738:
1730:
1722:
1714:
1706:
1697:
1696:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1678:
1675:
1666:
1657:
1648:
1639:
1629:
1620:
1610:
1609:
1608:14th AH/20th AD
1600:
1599:
1596:
1587:
1578:
1569:
1560:
1550:
1549:
1548:13th AH/19th AD
1540:
1539:
1536:
1531:Muhammad 'Ilish
1527:
1518:
1513:Ahmad al-Tijani
1509:
1500:
1491:
1486:Ahmad al-Dardir
1481:
1480:
1479:12th AH/18th AD
1471:
1470:
1467:
1458:
1449:
1442:
1432:
1431:
1430:11th AH/17th AD
1422:
1421:
1418:
1409:
1400:
1391:
1381:
1380:
1379:10th AH/16th AD
1371:
1370:
1367:
1358:
1349:
1340:
1331:
1322:
1313:
1306:
1296:
1295:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1273:
1263:
1254:
1245:
1236:
1227:
1218:
1216:(d. 807/1404-5)
1209:
1200:
1191:
1181:
1180:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1158:
1149:
1140:
1131:
1122:
1113:
1104:
1095:
1090:Ibn 'Ata' Allah
1086:
1076:
1075:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1053:
1044:
1035:
1026:
1017:
1007:
998:
989:
980:
970:
969:
960:
959:
956:
951:Ahmad al-Rifa'i
947:
938:
929:
920:
911:
902:
893:
884:
875:
866:
856:
855:
846:
845:
842:
833:
824:
815:
806:
797:
788:
779:
770:
768:(d. 430/1038-9)
761:
752:
743:
734:
724:
723:
714:
713:
710:
701:
691:
690:
680:
679:
668:
635:
598:
542:
537:
508:
502:
470:
427:
402:
336:
322:
282:
259:
212:
192:Islamic century
184:Ṣāliḥ ibn Ṭarīf
181:
179:Ṣāliḥ ibn Ṭarīf
142:
57:Day of Judgment
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4240:
4230:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4200:
4199:
4193:
4176:
4166:
4156:
4153:
4143:
4137:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4113:
4078:
4052:
4031:
4010:"Glad Tidings"
4001:
3989:
3968:
3953:
3940:
3927:Dawn newspaper
3914:
3888:
3866:
3847:
3831:
3822:
3813:
3797:
3777:
3761:
3732:
3716:
3693:
3674:
3658:
3642:
3621:
3605:
3584:
3568:
3553:
3538:
3531:
3506:
3499:
3479:
3472:
3447:
3428:
3405:
3380:
3365:
3339:
3312:
3293:
3280:
3250:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3141:Yahya ibn Umar
3138:
3133:
3126:Musa al-Kadhim
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3100:Hezbut Tawheed
3093:
3083:
3080:Tawussite Shia
3073:
3068:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3038:
3004:
3001:
2991:
2988:
2983:
2980:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2942:Main article:
2939:
2936:
2908:Main article:
2905:
2902:
2878:Main article:
2875:
2872:
2856:Main article:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2825:Main article:
2822:
2819:
2798:Main article:
2795:
2792:
2786:following the
2749:Muhammad Ahmad
2747:Main article:
2744:
2743:Muḥammad Aḥmad
2741:
2717:Main article:
2714:
2711:
2697:
2694:
2689:
2686:
2656:living in the
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2618:
2615:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2588:
2587:
2538:
2536:
2529:
2523:
2520:
2456:
2453:
2444:Sa'did dynasty
2423:
2420:
2407:
2404:
2396:Ottoman Empire
2380:
2377:
2373:United Kingdom
2329:Madhya Pradesh
2278:
2277:
2270:
2263:
2210:Main article:
2207:
2204:
2167:
2164:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2128:the alphabet (
2116:
2115:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2004:
1994:
1979:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1927:Related groups
1925:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1868:Umayyad Mosque
1865:
1860:
1854:
1849:
1842:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1821:
1814:
1806:
1803:Asas al-Taqdis
1799:
1791:
1784:
1776:
1768:
1761:
1753:
1746:
1739:
1731:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1673:(d. 1442/2021)
1667:
1664:(d. 1436/2015)
1658:
1655:(d. 1434/2013)
1649:
1646:(d. 1432/2010)
1640:
1637:(d. 1429/2008)
1630:
1627:(d. 1425/2004)
1621:
1618:(d. 1419/1998)
1611:
1607:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1594:(d. 1393/1973)
1588:
1585:(d. 1390/1970)
1579:
1576:(d. 1379/1960)
1570:
1567:(d. 1350/1931)
1561:
1558:(d. 1304/1886)
1551:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1534:(d. 1299/1882)
1528:
1519:
1516:(d. 1230/1815)
1510:
1507:(d. 1227/1812)
1501:
1498:(d. 1224/1809)
1492:
1489:(d. 1204/1786)
1482:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1465:(d. 1176/1762)
1459:
1456:(d. 1132/1720)
1450:
1448:(d. 1122/1710)
1443:
1440:(d. 1102/1691)
1433:
1429:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1416:(d. 1072/1662)
1410:
1407:(d. 1041/1631)
1401:
1398:(d. 1041/1632)
1392:
1389:(d. 1040/1631)
1382:
1378:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1359:
1350:
1341:
1332:
1323:
1314:
1307:
1297:
1294:9th AH/15th AD
1293:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1274:
1264:
1255:
1246:
1237:
1228:
1219:
1210:
1201:
1192:
1182:
1179:8th AH/14th AD
1178:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1159:
1150:
1141:
1132:
1123:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1087:
1077:
1074:7th AH/13th AD
1073:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1054:
1045:
1036:
1027:
1018:
1008:
999:
990:
987:(d. 630/ 1233)
981:
971:
968:6th AH/12th AD
967:
966:
965:
962:
961:
958:
957:
948:
939:
933:Al-Shahrastani
930:
921:
912:
903:
894:
885:
876:
867:
857:
854:5th AH/11th AD
853:
852:
851:
848:
847:
844:
843:
834:
825:
816:
807:
798:
789:
780:
771:
762:
753:
744:
735:
725:
722:4th AH/10th AD
721:
720:
719:
716:
715:
712:
711:
702:
692:
688:
687:
686:
681:
675:
674:
673:
670:
669:
667:
666:
661:
656:
651:
645:
642:
641:
637:
636:
624:
616:
615:
609:
608:
597:
594:
551:Hasan-i-Sabbah
541:
538:
536:
533:
515:Abbasid caliph
501:
498:
469:
466:
462:Zoroastrianism
436:, was a young
434:Isfahani Mahdi
426:
423:
401:
398:
360:Muhammad Ahmad
321:
318:
302:Eastern Arabia
281:
278:
258:
255:
211:
208:
180:
177:
169:Ahmed al-Hasan
141:
138:
100:), as well as
77:birth of Islam
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4239:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4209:
4207:
4196:
4194:0-87743-160-4
4190:
4186:
4182:
4177:
4175:
4174:0-8014-2098-9
4171:
4167:
4165:
4164:0-521-30128-9
4161:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4151:965-264-014-X
4148:
4144:
4140:
4134:
4130:
4129:
4123:
4122:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4089:
4082:
4067:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4047:
4040:
4038:
4036:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4005:
3999:economist.com
3998:
3993:
3986:
3984:
3977:
3975:
3973:
3964:
3957:
3950:
3944:
3928:
3924:
3918:
3902:
3898:
3892:
3876:
3870:
3863:
3861:
3854:
3852:
3844:
3842:
3835:
3826:
3817:
3810:
3808:
3801:
3795:, Brill, 2006
3794:
3790:
3787:
3781:
3774:
3772:
3765:
3749:
3745:
3739:
3737:
3729:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3711:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3698:
3690:
3688:
3681:
3679:
3671:
3669:
3662:
3655:
3653:
3646:
3639:
3637:
3630:
3628:
3626:
3618:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3600:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3581:
3579:
3572:
3564:
3557:
3549:
3542:
3534:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3516:
3510:
3502:
3496:
3492:
3491:
3483:
3475:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3451:
3444:
3442:
3435:
3433:
3425:
3423:
3416:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3402:
3400:
3393:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3376:
3369:
3353:
3346:
3344:
3327:
3323:
3316:
3310:
3308:
3303:
3297:
3290:
3284:
3268:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3247:
3245:
3238:
3234:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3153:False messiah
3151:
3150:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3130:Waqifite Shia
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3101:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2987:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2954:
2951:
2945:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2911:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2881:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2859:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2828:
2818:
2816:
2811:
2807:
2806:British India
2801:
2791:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2776:Mahdist State
2773:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2750:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2720:
2710:
2708:
2703:
2693:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2658:Sylhet region
2655:
2651:
2647:
2633:
2631:
2630:Saadi dynasty
2627:
2623:
2614:
2612:
2598:
2595:
2584:
2581:
2573:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2539:This section
2537:
2533:
2528:
2527:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2452:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2429:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2389:
2385:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2341:United States
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2301:
2299:
2298:Sha-e-Dilawar
2295:
2291:
2290:Sha-e-Neymath
2287:
2283:
2275:
2271:
2268:
2264:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2245:Musa Al-Kazim
2242:
2238:
2234:
2233:Uttar Pradesh
2230:
2226:
2218:
2213:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2163:
2161:
2156:
2141:
2140:in Anatolia.
2139:
2135:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2054:Al Muwahhidun
2051:
2047:
2043:
2031:
2026:
2024:
2019:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1995:
1993:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1950:Ahl al-Hadith
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1901:
1900:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1835:
1834:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1671:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1653:
1650:
1644:
1641:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1622:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1604:
1603:
1592:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1574:
1571:
1565:
1562:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1544:
1543:
1532:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1514:
1511:
1505:
1502:
1496:
1493:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1475:
1474:
1463:
1460:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1426:
1425:
1414:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1396:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1375:
1374:
1365:(d. 977/1570)
1363:
1360:
1356:(d. 974/1567)
1354:
1351:
1347:(d. 973/1565)
1345:
1342:
1338:(d. 926/1520)
1336:
1333:
1329:(d. 923/1517)
1327:
1326:Al-Qastallani
1324:
1320:(d. 911/1505)
1318:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1304:(d. 902/1497)
1302:
1299:
1298:
1290:
1289:
1280:(d. 899/1493)
1278:
1275:
1271:(d. 875/1470)
1269:
1265:
1261:(d. 864/1459)
1259:
1256:
1252:(d. 852/1449)
1250:
1247:
1243:(d. 833/1429)
1241:
1240:Ibn al-Jazari
1238:
1234:(d. 816/1413)
1232:
1229:
1225:(d. 808/1406)
1223:
1220:
1214:
1211:
1207:(d. 806/1404)
1205:
1202:
1198:(d. 805/1405)
1196:
1193:
1189:(d. 803/1401)
1187:
1184:
1183:
1175:
1174:
1165:(d. 794/1392)
1163:
1160:
1156:(d. 793/1390)
1154:
1151:
1147:(d. 786/1384)
1145:
1142:
1138:(d. 771/1370)
1136:
1133:
1129:(d. 756/1355)
1127:
1124:
1120:(d. 745/1344)
1118:
1115:
1111:(d. 741/1340)
1109:
1106:
1102:(d. 715/1315)
1100:
1097:
1093:(d. 709/1309)
1091:
1088:
1084:(d. 702/1302)
1082:
1079:
1078:
1070:
1069:
1060:(d. 687/1288)
1058:
1055:
1049:
1046:
1042:(d. 684/1285)
1040:
1037:
1033:(d. 676/1277)
1031:
1028:
1024:(d. 671/1272)
1022:
1019:
1015:(d. 660/1262)
1013:
1009:
1005:(d. 646/1248)
1003:
1000:
996:(d. 631/1233)
994:
991:
985:
982:
978:(d. 606/1209)
976:
973:
972:
964:
963:
954:(d. 578/1182)
952:
949:
945:(d. 571/1176)
943:
940:
936:(d. 548/1153)
934:
931:
927:(d. 544/1149)
925:
924:Al-Qadi 'Iyad
922:
918:(d. 543/1148)
916:
913:
909:(d. 536/1141)
907:
904:
900:(d. 520/1126)
898:
895:
891:(d. 513/1119)
889:
886:
880:
877:
873:(d. 505/1111)
871:
868:
864:(d. 502/1108)
862:
859:
858:
850:
849:
840:(d. 478/1085)
838:
835:
831:(d. 476/1083)
829:
826:
822:(d. 474/1081)
820:
817:
813:(d. 465/1072)
811:
808:
804:(d. 463/1071)
802:
799:
795:(d. 458/1066)
793:
790:
786:(d. 450/1058)
784:
781:
777:(d. 434/1043)
775:
772:
766:
763:
759:(d. 429/1037)
757:
754:
750:(d. 418/1027)
748:
745:
741:(d. 406/1015)
739:
736:
732:(d. 403/1013)
730:
727:
726:
718:
717:
706:
703:
697:
694:
693:
689:3rd AH/9th AD
685:
684:
678:
672:
671:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
646:
644:
643:
639:
638:
634:
630:
629:
622:
618:
617:
614:
611:
610:
606:
602:
601:
593:
591:
587:
583:
578:
574:
570:
565:
563:
560:
556:
552:
547:
532:
530:
526:
523:
519:
516:
512:
507:
497:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
422:
419:
415:
411:
407:
397:
395:
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
371:
368:
365:
361:
357:
353:
350:. The first
349:
345:
341:
335:
331:
327:
317:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
277:
275:
274:Ahmad al-Wafi
271:
267:
263:
254:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
207:
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201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
176:
172:
170:
166:
162:
158:
153:
151:
147:
137:
136:, the Mahdi.
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
80:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
4180:
4127:
4094:(3): 33–51.
4091:
4087:
4081:
4069:. Retrieved
4065:
4055:
4045:
4022:. Retrieved
4018:the original
4013:
4004:
3992:
3982:
3962:
3956:
3943:
3931:. Retrieved
3917:
3905:. Retrieved
3901:the original
3891:
3879:. Retrieved
3869:
3859:
3840:
3834:
3825:
3816:
3806:
3800:
3792:
3785:
3780:
3770:
3764:
3752:. Retrieved
3748:the original
3725:
3719:
3709:
3686:
3667:
3661:
3651:
3645:
3635:
3614:
3608:
3598:
3577:
3571:
3562:
3556:
3547:
3541:
3522:
3518:
3509:
3489:
3482:
3463:
3459:
3450:
3440:
3421:
3398:
3374:
3368:
3356:. Retrieved
3330:. Retrieved
3326:the original
3315:
3305:
3296:
3283:
3271:. Retrieved
3269:. Al Monitor
3243:
3237:
3026:
3022:
2993:
2985:
2965:
2947:
2913:
2894:Kalki Avatar
2889:
2883:
2861:
2830:
2803:
2784:British Army
2762:against the
2752:
2737:Baháʼí Faith
2722:
2707:Abd al-Qadir
2699:
2691:
2644:
2620:
2609:
2591:
2576:
2567:
2552:Please help
2540:
2505:
2501:
2477:
2458:
2432:ابن أبي محلي
2425:
2409:
2392:شیخ بدرالدین
2382:
2361:Saudi Arabia
2302:
2279:
2249:
2241:seventh imam
2231:(modern-day
2223:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2152:
2129:
2117:
2104:
2086:Abd al Mumin
2083:
2078:
2072:
2066:
2053:
2039:
1839:Institutions
1823:
1816:
1808:
1801:
1793:
1786:
1778:
1770:
1763:
1755:
1748:
1741:
1733:
1725:
1717:
1709:
1701:
1643:Nuh al-Qudah
1277:Ahmad Zarruq
1153:Al-Taftazani
1057:Ibn al-Nafis
1002:Ibn al-Hajib
984:Ibn al-Athir
729:Al-Baqillani
708:(d. 371/982)
699:(d. 324/936)
626:
566:
543:
509:
480:against the
471:
433:
428:
403:
391:
372:
337:
283:
260:
213:
204:
199:
182:
173:
164:
154:
146:Twelver Shia
143:
126:Saudi Arabia
91:
81:
61:Muslim world
42:
40:
3864:: pp. 62–63
3811:: pp. 61–62
3730:: pp. 57–58
3656:: pp. 55–56
3619:: pp. 59–60
3515:Halm, Heinz
3456:Halm, Heinz
3066:Adnan Oktar
3019:Hidden Imam
2982:Other cases
2916:Sky Kingdom
2650:Shia Muslim
2333:Maharashtra
2309:Afghanistan
2294:Sha-e-Nizam
2237:North India
1344:Al-Sha'rani
1222:Ibn Khaldun
942:Ibn 'Asakir
810:Al-Qushayri
659:Ahl al-Ra'y
649:Sunni Islam
577:Hidden Imam
518:al-Mustakfi
454:apocalyptic
452:. This new
338:In 899 CE,
292:and led by
157:Shi'a Islam
73:Middle East
4206:Categories
3332:29 January
3229:References
2888:(MFI) and
2815:successors
2570:April 2024
2412:Shaziliyya
2276:. (905 AH)
2155:Kubrawiyya
2042:Ibn Tumart
1757:Al-Iqtisad
1386:Ibn 'Ashir
1301:Al-Sakhawi
1186:Ibn 'Arafa
1108:Ibn Juzayy
1048:Al-Baydawi
1021:Al-Qurtubi
870:Al-Ghazali
837:Al-Juwayni
792:Al-Bayhaqi
783:Al-Mawardi
705:Ibn Khafif
654:Kullabiyya
640:Background
633:Ibn Tumart
596:Ibn Tumart
476:revolt of
444:leader of
324:See also:
286:Salamiyids
268:(for whom
251:Abu Muslim
188:Berghouata
150:Isma'ilism
140:Background
79:(AD 610).
65:South Asia
36:Messianism
4108:2532-2990
4024:18 August
3031:al-Yamani
2966:In 2006,
2810:Ahmadiyya
2768:capturing
2541:does not
2469:Qizilbash
2465:Safaviyya
2448:Marrakesh
2349:Australia
2325:Karnataka
2317:Hyderabad
2280:His five
2202:in 1508.
2160:Kurdistan
2149:Nurbakhsh
2138:Baktashis
2130:hurūfiyya
2046:Almoravid
1967:Deobandis
1962:Al-Ahbash
1940:Maturidis
1750:Al-Irshad
1504:Ibn Kiran
1317:Al-Suyuti
1030:Al-Nawawi
906:Al-Mazari
888:Ibn 'Aqil
738:Ibn Furak
613:Ash'arism
546:Isma'ilis
478:Abu Yazid
474:Kharijite
442:Qarmatian
290:Salamiyah
235:Ctesiphon
227:Yazid III
114:Ahmadiyya
112:, or the
102:religions
4071:13 April
4050:: p. 159
3987:: p. 160
3907:12 March
3881:13 March
3517:(1991).
3458:(1991).
3147:See also
2920:Kelantan
2772:Khartoum
2756:Kordofan
2696:Bu Ziyan
2682:Calcutta
2666:Sufi pir
2510:sect of
2473:Ismail I
2438:and the
2400:Mehmed I
2371:and the
2337:Pakistan
2313:Mahdavis
2282:deputies
2269:(903 AH)
2262:(901 AH)
2212:Mahdavia
2200:Safavids
2058:Almohads
2002:Category
1972:Barelvis
1743:Al-Insaf
605:a series
603:Part of
562:Abbasids
418:al-Qa'im
414:Ifriqiya
404:A young
375:Fatimids
344:Isma'ili
270:Isma'ili
247:Khurasan
93:Mahdiyah
84:temporal
71:and the
4227:Mahdism
4044:Filiu,
3981:Filiu,
3933:7 March
3858:Filiu,
3845:: p. 62
3839:Filiu,
3805:Filiu,
3775:: p. 61
3769:Filiu,
3754:29 July
3724:Filiu,
3714:: p. 58
3708:Filiu,
3691:: p. 57
3685:Filiu,
3672:: p. 56
3666:Filiu,
3650:Filiu,
3640:: p. 60
3634:Filiu,
3613:Filiu,
3603:: p. 59
3597:Filiu,
3582:: p. 53
3576:Filiu,
3445:: p. 52
3439:Filiu,
3426:: p. 51
3420:Filiu,
3403:: p. 50
3397:Filiu,
3375:Shi'ism
3248:: p. 49
3242:Filiu,
3223:Mahdism
3158:Messiah
2841:Messiah
2837:Detroit
2594:Zikrism
2562:removed
2547:sources
2516:Shabaks
2496:Baghdad
2488:Isfahan
2321:Gujarat
2267:Gujarat
2229:Jaunpur
2050:Masmuda
1934:Classic
569:Ramadan
529:al-Muti
494:Baghdad
486:Abbasid
446:Bahrayn
438:Persian
394:Saladin
356:Fatimid
354:of the
298:al-Hasa
239:Istakhr
231:Umayyad
32:Messiah
4191:
4172:
4162:
4149:
4135:
4106:
4048:, 2011
3985:, 2011
3862:, 2011
3843:, 2011
3809:, 2011
3773:, 2011
3728:, 2011
3712:, 2011
3689:, 2011
3670:, 2011
3654:, 2011
3638:, 2011
3617:, 2011
3601:, 2011
3580:, 2011
3529:
3497:
3470:
3443:, 2011
3424:, 2011
3401:, 2011
3358:31 May
3291:. BBC.
3273:2 June
3246:, 2011
2950:Layene
2932:Buddha
2930:, and
2733:Tabriz
2725:Bábism
2662:Bengal
2492:Shiraz
2484:Tabriz
2428:Arabic
2369:Africa
2365:Kuwait
2345:Canada
2090:Caliph
1956:Modern
1905:Events
586:batini
582:Sharia
406:Kutama
352:caliph
332:, and
229:, the
196:Hisham
110:Bábism
108:(e.g.
88:states
69:Africa
47:, the
34:, see
3521:[
3462:[
3354:. ABC
3049:Qa'im
3023:wassi
3011:Basra
2928:Shiva
2702:kafir
2674:Mahdi
2512:Islam
2508:Alevi
2357:Qatar
2305:Farah
2274:ulema
2256:Kaaba
2192:Najaf
2188:Hilla
2125:Timur
2108:Hilla
2079:masum
2069:mahdi
2062:signs
1945:Sufis
664:Kalam
559:Sunni
525:Emirs
522:Buyid
458:Islam
387:Druze
379:Cairo
348:Mahdi
243:Harat
165:wassi
122:Mecca
106:sects
98:Sudan
63:– in
51:is a
49:Mahdi
4189:ISBN
4170:ISBN
4160:ISBN
4147:ISBN
4133:ISBN
4104:ISSN
4073:2019
4026:2016
3935:2010
3909:2010
3883:2010
3756:2006
3527:ISBN
3495:ISBN
3468:ISBN
3360:2022
3334:2007
3275:2022
3015:Shia
2648:, a
2626:Qadi
2545:any
2543:cite
2480:Baku
2440:Sufi
2436:Imam
2416:Sous
2331:and
2190:and
2180:wali
2176:wali
2134:Sufi
2077:and
2074:imam
573:jinn
490:Béja
373:The
364:Da'i
223:Imam
104:and
4096:doi
2719:Báb
2660:of
2652:of
2556:by
2258:in
2196:Ali
631:by
245:in
167:) (
148:),
120:in
96:in
43:In
4208::
4102:.
4090:.
4064:.
4034:^
4012:.
3971:^
3925:.
3850:^
3735:^
3696:^
3677:^
3624:^
3587:^
3431:^
3408:^
3383:^
3342:^
3304:.
3253:^
2817:.
2790:.
2684:.
2632:.
2518:.
2494:,
2490:,
2486:,
2482:,
2475:.
2430::
2390::
2375:.
2367:,
2363:,
2359:,
2355:,
2351:,
2347:,
2343:,
2327:,
2323:,
2307:,
2247:.
2243:,
2235:,
607:on
531:.
448:,
328:,
316:.
124:,
67:,
4197:.
4141:.
4110:.
4098::
4092:8
4075:.
4028:.
3937:.
3911:.
3885:.
3758:.
3535:.
3503:.
3476:.
3362:.
3336:.
3309:.
3277:.
3132:)
3102:)
3092:)
3082:)
2583:)
2577:(
2572:)
2568:(
2564:.
2550:.
2386:(
2029:e
2022:t
2015:v
1632:'
1266:'
1010:'
300:(
38:.
20:)
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