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thirst. When he hears the mob of townspeople approaching, he quickly snaps back to reality. He is angry and defiant, stirred by a paranoid belief that John has been gossiping with Ellen, so provoking the anger of the town against him. He warns John to be careful as they climb down the cliff to the boat, but in their haste the boy slips to his death below. When the mob reaches the hut, Grimes and the apprentice are not to be found, so they disperse, curious and suspicious.
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1067:, Mr Swallow, determines the boy's death to be accidental so Grimes avoids a criminal trial. The Coroner advises Grimes not to get another apprentice – a proposal against which Grimes vigorously protests. As the court is cleared, Ellen Orford, the schoolmistress whom Grimes wishes to marry as soon as he gains the Borough's respect, attempts to comfort Grimes as he rages against what he sees as the community's unwillingness to give him a true second chance.
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Hall to account for his conduct, after which he is forbidden to employ another. He works alone until the ghosts of his victims begin to terrorise him and he sinks into madness and dies in bed. In Crabbe's poem, Ellen Orford's tale is completely separate from Grimes's and they are not mentioned as meeting each other. The Rector, Swallow, and the proprietress of the Boar inn, "Auntie", and her nieces derive from other sections of
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interference, he strikes her and runs off with the boy. This does not go unseen: first Keene, Auntie, and Bob Boles, then the chorus comment on what has happened, the latter developing into a mob which sets off to investigate at Grimes's fisherman's hut. As they march off, Ellen, Auntie, and the nieces sing despairingly of the town's menfolk. The Fourth
Orchestral Interlude (Passacaglia) follows as the scene changes.
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the marshes, going mad and dying there. An episode with smugglers was dropped and several characters were gradually eliminated as work progressed on the story. By the time
Britten and Pears returned home in April 1943 the shape of the work was not greatly different from the final version, and to turn the scenario into a libretto Britten recruited an old friend, the writer
377:, the general administrator of the Sadler's Wells company, appointed his assistant Eric Crozier to stage the piece, and the latter, together with Britten, made adjustments to the libretto during rehearsals when Slater's text proved unsuitable for singability or clarity. Slater resented this, and insisted on publishing his original version in 1946, as
341:, who worked closely with Britten, comments that the whole of the original text of the libretto – "apart from six quatrains by Crabbe and the small phrase 'Grimes is at his exercise'" – is Slater's work. He abandoned Crabbe's rhyming couplets and allowed his text "to reflect the diverse speech-rhythms of the individual Borough characters":
1303:, J. W. Garbutt contended that Britten's "inventive genius" and the richness of the score led the listener to suspend disbelief, but that Slater's libretto failed to reconcile the violent and the visionary in Grimes's character and conduct. In a retrospective consideration of the opera in 1972, Peter Garvie argued in
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On a sunny Sunday morning (the Third
Orchestral Interlude), while most Borough townspeople are at church, Ellen talks with John the apprentice. She is horrified to find a bruise on his neck. When she confronts Grimes about it, he brusquely dismisses it as an accident. Growing angry at her concern and
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has called it one of "the true operatic masterpieces of the 20th century"; the composer's own contemporary (1948) summation of the work was "a subject very close to my heart – the struggle of the individual against the masses. The more vicious the society, the more vicious the individual". In a 1963
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At a town dance, Mrs Sedley tries to convince the authorities that Grimes is a murderer. Ellen and
Captain Balstrode confide in each other: Grimes has disappeared, and Balstrode has discovered a jersey washed ashore. Ellen recognises it as one she had knitted for John. Mrs Sedley overhears this and,
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and the "more expansive phrases" of the arias are ideal for musical setting. In Slater's hands the character of Grimes was further developed. In Pears's words, Grimes is "neither a hero nor a villain", but "an ordinary, weak person who, being at odds with the society in which he finds himself, tries
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asked the composer why he had not written an opera. Britten explained that doing so would necessitate putting all other work aside, which he could not afford to do. Koussevitzky arranged for the commissioning of the opera by the musical foundation he had recently set up. The fee was $ 1,000, and the
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fisherman, Bob Boles, getting increasingly drunk and lecherous after the pub's main attraction, the two "nieces". Grimes suddenly enters ("Now the Great Bear and
Pleiades..."), and his wild appearance unites almost the entire community in their fear and mistrust of his "temper". Ned Keene saves the
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As a storm approaches, most of the community – after securing windows and equipment – take shelter in the pub. Grimes stays out, and alone with
Balstrode confesses his ambitions: to make his fortune with a "good catch", buy a good home and marry Ellen Orford. Balstrode suggests "without your booty
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role. Pears persuaded
Britten to play down any emotional tie Grimes might feel to the apprentice, and play up his position as an outsider in an intolerant society. At first, Britten had Grimes murdering his apprentices rather than being at worst negligent. For some time the dénouement had Grimes on
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At the hut, Grimes impatiently demands John change out of his Sunday clothes and into fisherman's gear. Though it is a Sunday he hastily prepares to set out to fish as he has seen a large school of herring. Grimes becomes lost in his memories of his previous apprentice, reliving the boy's death of
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From the outset the characters and story of the libretto were only loosely based on Crabbe's work. The Grimes of Crabbe's poem is an outright bully, "untouched by pity, unstung by remorse and uncorrected by shame". Three of his apprentices in succession have died before he is summoned to the Town
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He wrote it in a four-beat, half-rhymed, simply worded verse which expands at moments of heightened intensity into more formal verse-patterns and a richer vocabulary: the latter qualities are clearly recognisable in such climactic arias as Ellen's "Let her among you without fault cast the first
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concert version, "Dawn"), the chorus, who constitute "the
Borough", sing of their weary daily round and their relationship with the sea and the seasons. Grimes calls for help to haul his boat ashore, but is shunned by most of the community. Belatedly, retired skipper Balstrode and the
144:, and was a critical and popular success. It is still widely performed, both in Britain and internationally, and has become part of the standard repertoire. Among the tenors who have performed the title role in the opera house, or on record, or both are Britten's partner
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has greatness", and called the work "an opera for our time, brilliantly conceived and executed", with the "breathtaking pleasure" of the music matched by "the strong and lovely libretto", though he predicted that if an impresario succeeded in staging the piece on
999:, with John Graham-Hall as Grimes. In addition to the co-productions, above, between the Royal Opera and the Monnaie in Brussels, the Teatro Real in Madrid, the Teatro dell'Opera in Rome, and the Paris Opéra, productions included two in 2022: at the
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s critic, William McNaught, considered the music "full of vivid suggestion and action, sometimes rising to a kind of white-hot poetry", but thought the libretto insufficiently "operatic" – "overloaded with scrappy and not always telling incident".
1269:, Cyrus Durgin praised the young Bernstein for bringing out "the drive and dissonance of an opera which is far from 'tuneful' in the conventional sense" and rated the work "a step forward for opera in this country, and anywhere for that matter".
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that although it had seemed uniquely new when it first appeared, it was in fact "a great but final reincarnation of more or less traditional opera", and that it holds no promise of redemption for the characters, unlike
Britten's later operas.
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Discussions between composer and librettist, revisions and corrections took nearly eighteen months. In
January 1944 Britten started writing the music and just over a year later it was complete. The premiere had been planned for Koussevitzky's
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as a misfit: as a queer character who cannot envision himself married to a woman; as a labourer who cannot work his way into the good graces of the townspeople; as a victim of oppression who cannot counteract the rumours that circulate about
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will have you now", only to provoke Grimes's furious "No, not for pity!" Balstrode abandons Grimes to the storm, as the latter ruminates "What harbour shelters peace?" The storm then breaks with a vengeance (second orchestral Interlude).
271:, which contained the tragic story of the Aldeburgh fisherman Peter Grimes. He said later, "In a flash I realised two things: that I must write an opera, and where I belonged". He and Pears began sketching an operatic scenario drawing on
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situation by starting a round ("Old Joe has gone fishing"). Just as the round reaches a climax, Ellen arrives with the apprentice, both drenched. Grimes immediately sets off with the apprentice to his hut, despite the terrible storm.
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with the knowledge that Grimes has returned, whips up another vigilante mob. Singing "Him who despises us we'll destroy", the villagers march off in search of Grimes. (The sixth interlude, not included in the concert version of the
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is an unnamed "Calvinistic Enthusiast" unconnected with the Grimes story; and there is a quack doctor in Crabbe's poem on whom the character of Keene draws (the surname is taken from an unrelated character in the poem, Abel
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267:. It began, "To talk about Crabbe is to talk about England". Britten was filled with nostalgic feelings about his native Suffolk. Pears found a copy of Crabbe's works in a second-hand bookshop and Britten read the poem
1179:, Op 33a, is a suite of about 17 minutes' duration, comprising the first, third, fifth and second interludes from the opera, with the titles "Dawn", "Sunday Morning", "Moonlight" and "Storm". The fourth interlude, a
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found the use of a single spoken line for Balstrode at a key point intrusive in an otherwise through-composed score, but praised Britten's "effortless originality" and "orchestral music of diabolical cunning".
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Christiansen also remarks on "the sharp, Dickensian characterisations" of the various inhabitants of the Borough, showing the composer's exceptional gift for setting the English language to music.
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Britten and Pears originally invented Balstrode as the landlord of the inn; he and Hobson are the only characters not traceable in some degree to the poem. The nearest to Boles's character in
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to overcome it and, in doing so, offends against the conventional code, is classed by society as a criminal, and destroyed as such. There are plenty of Grimeses around still, I think!"
325:. The story, and Grimes's character, underwent substantial changes in the early stages of drafting. For a long time during the gestation of the work Britten conceived Grimes as a
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While the townspeople can be heard off-stage hunting for him, Grimes appears onstage singing a monologue, interspersed by cries from the mob and by a mournful fog horn (a solo
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in 2005, Allan Hepburn considered the various views of previous commentators on the extent to which homosexuality is relevant to the plot of the opera. He notes that in
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2017:, made a substantial change to Slater's text, rewriting Grimes's "mad" soliloquy in Act 3 scene 2, which the composer found "pedestrian" in the original libretto.
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is shaped by the African-American experience – something most evident in all three operas through the magnificent choruses that incorporate traditional tunes.
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as Grimes. The house staged a new production in 1967, directed by Guthrie and conducted by Colin Davis, with Vickers as Grimes. A subsequent production, by
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186:, consisting of purely orchestral music from the opera, were published separately and are frequently performed as an orchestral suite. Another interlude, a
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Britten's operas are "preoccupied with the social experience of homosexuality", but Hepburn concludes that Grimes can be seen in several different ways:
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critic took a different view, calling the work "that rare thing – a piece of perfect collaboration between librettist and composer". The reviewer in
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stone", or "Embroidery in childhood was a luxury of idleness", and in Peter's "What harbour shelters peace?", or "Now the Great Bear and Pleiades".
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305:, inviting him to write the libretto. Pleading pressure of work and some reservations about the effectiveness of the subject, Isherwood declined.
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3089:"Britten: Peter Grimes: Winslade/ Watson/ Michaels-Moore/ Wyn-Rogers/ Grove/ Rutherford/ Lemalu/ London Symphony Chorus & Orchestra/ Davis"
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rated the first act less convincing than the other two, but found the opera as a whole "a most thrilling work", displaying Britten's "genius".
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analysis, "Grimes the boy-killer is the homosexual outcast, looking to Ellen Orford to effect his redemption, even his cure", and that for
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361:, but the festival had been suspended for the duration of the war, and Koussevitzky waived his contractual rights and gave his blessing to
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Slater was a journalist, novelist and playwright. Before the war Britten had composed incidental music for two short verse-plays of his.
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To cover the scene changes during the opera Britten wrote six orchestral interludes. Five of them have been published separately. The
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reprising their roles from the Sadler's Wells premiere. There have been four new productions at Covent Garden since then, directed by
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over the death at sea of his apprentice. The townsfolk make it clear that they think Grimes is guilty and deserves punishment. The
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opera was to be dedicated to the memory of Koussevitzky's wife, who had recently died. Britten approached his friend the writer
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121:. The "borough" of the opera is a fictional small town that bears some resemblance to Crabbe's – and later Britten's – home of
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406:− herself and Pears in the leading roles − there were complaints from company members about supposed favouritism and the "
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A critical edition, with introduction and commentary, of the libretto texts of Montagu Slater and Benjamin Britten's
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1263:"it will be met with much intolerance and displeasure by audiences unprepared for its surprising magnificences". In
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1970:, Bergen Philharmonic Choir, Edvard Grieg Kor, Royal Northern College of Music Chorus, Choir of Collegium Musicum
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During the voyage back to England, Pears continued to work on the scenario of the opera while Britten composed
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1967:
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with Jeffrey Lloyd-Roberts as Grimes. In the summer of 2013, to mark the centenary of Britten's birth, the
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opened it was hailed by public and critics; its box-office takings matched or exceeded those for
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to stage the first performances, saying that the opera – which he thought the greatest since
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The name of the silent role of the doctor is changed to Dr Crabbe in the published libretto.
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were living in the US. Britten's compositions from his years there include the song cycle
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The work was conceived while Britten was living in the US in the early years of the
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In addition to minor alterations, Britten, with the help of another writer friend,
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were not signed at the time, but the paper's chief music critic of the period was
1106:. Keene tells Grimes that he has found him a new apprentice (named John) from the
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While Britten and Pears were waiting for a passage back to England, the conductor
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Professor Stephen Arthur Allen (Rider University) Lecture for Princeton Festival
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791:. In revivals of the earlier productions, Grimes was played by tenors including
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Brett, Philip, Heather Wiebe, Jennifer Doctor, Judith LeGrove, and Paul Banks.
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Music commissioned by Serge Koussevitzky or the Koussevitzky Music Foundation
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2747:"Britten, Benjamin: Peter Grimes op. 33 – Four Sea Interludes op. 33a (1945)"
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and completed when he returned to Britain in 1943. It was first performed at
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Watt, Douglas. "'Peter Grimes'" Has Operatic Greatness in Lenox Premiere",
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In the pub, tensions are rising due both to the storm and to the fiery
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2766:"Britten, Benjamin: Peter Grimes op. 33 – Passacaglia op. 33b (1945)"
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3339:(Autumn–Winter 1963). "Dramatic Use of Tonality in 'Peter Grimes'".
1195:, a week after the opera's premiere; the London premiere was at the
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One of the first productions of the work outside Britain was at the
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2933:"The Outsider in Their Midst: Britten's Tale of the Haunted Misfit"
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The same, two days later, night in the Borough ("Moonlight" in the
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Sadler's Wells had been closed during the war, and the premiere of
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In addition to Vickers, the Opéra cast included another Canadian,
887:. It was played in its natural setting on the beach at Aldeburgh.
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In Crozier's view, Slater's "short interjectory sentences" in the
3000:"Plausible Darkness: 'Peter Grimes' after a Quarter of a Century"
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3047:: how the Second World War spawned Britten's moral masterpiece"
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it embodies a distinctly English culture in the same way that
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The American premiere of the work was given in August 1946 at
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Recordings of the opera on operadis-opera-discography.org.uk
1199:, in August 1945, and the five interludes were conducted by
398:, on 7 June 1945, marked the reopening of the theatre. When
2522:, Glyndebourne performance archive. Retrieved 23 March 2022
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followed within weeks. The opera was given in Paris at the
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241:(1941). In 1941 Britten came across a transcript in the
426:, which were being staged concurrently by the company.
3190:. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
2629:, no. 15, Cambridge University Press, 1946, pp. 17–20
2606:, Metropolitan Opera archive. Retrieved 23 March 2022
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After the first orchestral Interlude (titled, in the
835:'s first production of the work in 1992, directed by
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Productions by other British opera companies include
2484:, Royal Opera House archive. Retrieved 23 March 2022
2465:, Royal Opera House archive. Retrieved 23 March 2022
2446:, Royal Opera House archive. Retrieved 23 March 2022
2427:, Royal Opera House archive. Retrieved 23 March 2022
2408:, Royal Opera House archive. Retrieved 23 March 2022
2389:, Royal Opera House archive. Retrieved 23 March 2022
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can be labelled a "folk" opera, to the extent that:
2699:, L'archives du spectacle. Retrieved 24 March 2022
2680:, L'archives du spectacle. Retrieved 24 March 2022
2661:, L'archives du spectacle. Retrieved 24 March 2022
727:in 1947, in a production by Guthrie, conducted by
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4364:Benjamin Britten: A Life in the Twentieth Century
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1187:in concert and recordings. Britten conducted the
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2737:, Bayerische Staatsoper. Retrieved 23 March 2022
1981:
1420:, Covent Garden Orchestra and BBC Theatre Chorus
1031:, conducted by Gardner, with Skelton as Grimes,
2908:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
971:in 1981 directed by Moshinsky and conducted by
810:
767:). The conductors were, respectively, Goodall,
3166:The Making of Peter Grimes: Essays and Studies
2775:, Boosey & Hawkes. Retrieved 24 March 2022
2756:, Boosey & Hawkes. Retrieved 24 March 2022
2363:Gilbert, pp. 181 and 437; and "Peter Grimes",
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1191:in the first performance of the suite at the
3750:Diversions for Piano Left Hand and Orchestra
2979:, October 1963, Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 334–342
2718:, Wiener Staatsoper. Retrieved 23 March 2022
3918:Canticle I: My beloved is mine and I am his
688:
4443:
4429:
3447:
3433:
3286:
2297:See, for example, "Sadler's Wells Opera –
1465:Recorded Walthamstow Assembly Hall, London
1102:, Ned Keene, assist Grimes by turning the
987:, with Heppner as Grimes. A production by
40:
3711:The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra
3204:
2647:
2645:
2503:, Opera Scotland. Retrieved 23 March 2022
1279:Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians
148:, who sang the part at the premiere, and
4180:Prelude and Fugue on a Theme of Vittoria
3306:
3002:, Tempo, 1972, No. 100 (1972), pp. 9–14
1473:Cat: 414577 (reissued 1990, 2001, 2006)
1250:After the American premiere, the critic
1074:
779:, and the title role was sung by Pears,
433:
371:– belonged not to him but to the world.
277:
111:based on the section "Peter Grimes", in
3267:
3248:
2922:
2531:"Fishing vainly for English oddities",
2236:
2234:
898:
140:in London on 7 June 1945, conducted by
4623:
4129:Sacred and Profane (8 medieval lyrics)
3226:
2642:
2614:
2612:
2375:
2373:
2341:
2339:
2215:
2213:
1463:, Covent Garden Orchestra and Chorus,
927:, was presented in 2008, conducted by
907:, conducted by Koussevitzky's protégé
384:
4424:
3679:Variations on a Theme of Frank Bridge
3428:
3182:
3163:
3037:
3035:
3029:, Volume 74, Spring 2005, pp. 648–655
2794:, BBC Genome. Retrieved 24 March 2022
2579:
2577:
2095:
2093:
1206:
938:
4296:Britten Pears Young Artist Programme
3936:Canticle IV: The Journey of the Magi
3799:Serenade for Tenor, Horn and Strings
3454:
2973:"Music and Motive in 'Peter Grimes'"
2231:
2070:
1640:, Covent Garden Orchestra and Chorus
1599:, Covent Garden Orchestra and Chorus
1555:, Covent Garden Orchestra and Chorus
1272:
1211:
919:first staged the piece in 1948 with
308:
263:about the 18th-century Suffolk poet
4378:Cantus in Memoriam Benjamin Britten
3976:Songs and Proverbs of William Blake
3314:. London: Haus Publishing Limited.
3049:, Telegraph Online, 27 April 2020.
2829:McNaught, William. "Peter Grimes",
2609:
2370:
2336:
2210:
2183:
1922:Guildhall School of Music and Drama
1315:The University of Toronto Quarterly
99:. 33, is an opera in three acts by
13:
4249:Variations on an Elizabethan Theme
3930:Canticle III: Still falls the rain
3329:
3141:from the original on 4 August 2020
3032:
3025:and the Rumour of Homosexuality",
2919:, editors. London: Macmillan, 2001
2894:Brett, Philip and Elizabeth Wood,
2574:
2090:
693:Sadler's Wells and its successor,
14:
4677:
3378:
1168:
1059:Peter Grimes is questioned at an
1056:coastal village, "towards 1830".
995:, Milan in 2012 was conducted by
4407:
4406:
2084:, Oxford University Press, 2013
883:staged its first performance of
871:'s 2006 production, directed by
755:(2022, a co-production with the
747:(2004, a co-production with the
429:
202:
3127:
3105:
3081:
3062:
3027:University of Toronto Quarterly
3015:
2992:
2965:
2949:
2888:
2875:
2862:
2849:
2836:
2823:
2810:
2797:
2778:
2759:
2740:
2721:
2702:
2683:
2664:
2590:
2551:
2538:
2525:
2506:
2487:
2468:
2449:
2430:
2411:
2392:
2357:
2348:
2327:
2318:
2291:
2282:
2273:
2252:
2243:
2222:
2201:
2192:
2174:
2165:
2156:
2108:Crabbe, pp. 287–290 and 294–297
2042:
2029:
2020:
2007:
1158:, covers the change of scene.)
484:a widow, Borough schoolmistress
410:" of Britten's score. Yet when
3924:Canticle II: Abraham and Isaac
3905:Britten's Purcell realizations
3898:The Holy Sonnets of John Donne
3270:The Operas of Benjamin Britten
3188:Benjamin Britten: Peter Grimes
3135:"Britten; Peter Grimes, Op.33"
2147:
2138:
2129:
2120:
2111:
2102:
1993:
1085:(late 19th century photograph)
16:1945 opera by Benjamin Britten
1:
4452:Helpmann Award for Best Opera
3890:Seven Sonnets of Michelangelo
3294:(PhD). University of Oxford.
3212:. London: Faber & Faber.
3210:Benjamin Britten: A Biography
3168:. Woodbridge: Boydell Press.
2881:Durgin, Cyrus. "Tanglewood",
2354:Gilbert, pp. 595, 601 and 604
2063:
1982:Notes, references and sources
1968:Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra
1648:Cat: 5483222 (reissued 2003,
1369:
1189:London Philharmonic Orchestra
197:
4210:Nocturnal after John Dowland
4188:Six Metamorphoses after Ovid
3287:Greenhalgh, Michael (2013).
3268:Herbert, David, ed. (1989).
2078:"Britten, (Edward) Benjamin"
1838:Orchestra and Chorus of the
1563:Cat: 462847 (reissued 1999)
1003:in a production directed by
947:in March 1946, conducted by
811:Regional British productions
379:Peter Grimes and Other Poems
7:
4306:Snape Maltings Concert Hall
3253:. London: Faber and Faber.
1286:as "a powerful allegory of
1130:The same, some weeks later
1047:
1042:
749:Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie
389:
129:, on England's east coast.
10:
4682:
4656:Operas by Benjamin Britten
4651:Operas based on literature
4196:Fanfare for St Edmundsbury
3347:Cambridge University Press
3157:
2859:, 30 September 1974, p. 17
1929:DVD: Arthaus Musik 102179
1604:Cat: 2255 (released 2003)
1509:, Ambrosian Opera Chorus,
1391:Opera House and Orchestra
1090:The same, some days later
955:as Grimes. Productions in
453:Premiere cast, 7 June 1945
438:Scene from 1945 production
207:In the early years of the
4458:
4404:
4355:
4319:
4278:
4259:
4232:
4155:String Quartet in D major
4147:
4010:
3968:Sechs Hölderlin-Fragmente
3882:Beware! Three Early Songs
3873:
3766:
3721:
3648:
3638:The Prince of the Pagodas
3613:
3595:The Burning Fiery Furnace
3578:
3552:A Midsummer Night's Dream
3471:
3462:
3355:10.1017/S0040298200036317
3272:. London: Herbert Press.
3078:Retrieved 7 November 2010
2816:Glock, William. "Music",
2535:, 17 February 1999, p. 35
2305:, 8 June 1945, p. 6, and
1759:London Symphony Orchestra
1721:London Symphony Orchestra
1507:London Symphony Orchestra
1379:
1353:embodies Russianness and
1297:analysis of the opera in
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
4332:Benjamin Britten Academy
4327:Benjamin Britten (train)
4311:The Red House, Aldeburgh
3413:Hensher, Philip. 2009. "
2938:10 February 2018 at the
2868:"Sadler's Wells Opera",
2842:"Sadler's Wells Opera",
2602:31 December 2018 at the
2548:, 5 November 2006, p. 99
2333:Herbert, pp. 88 and 92ff
2126:Greenhalgh, p. 32 and 43
1986:
1511:Recorded Snape Maltings.
1141:
1125:
1070:
731:, with Pears, Cross and
689:Later London productions
542:retired merchant skipper
4636:English-language operas
4480:Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk
4301:Britten-Pears Orchestra
3992:Who Are These Children?
3767:Vocal/Choral Orchestral
3249:Gilbert, Susie (2009).
3051:(subscription required)
3004:(subscription required)
2981:(subscription required)
2896:"Lesbian and Gay Music"
2831:The Manchester Guardian
2807:, 27 October 1945, p. 8
2631:(subscription required)
2587:, 7 August 1946, p. 45B
2086:(subscription required)
1914:Britten-Pears Orchestra
1794:Orchester und Chor der
1717:City of London Sinfonia
1229:The Manchester Guardian
915:in the title role. The
765:Opéra National de Paris
608:fisherman and Methodist
115:'s long narrative poem
4199:(three trumpets, 1959)
3960:Songs from the Chinese
3120:7 October 2012 at the
3041:Christiansen, Rupert.
2901:30 August 2010 at the
2885:, 7 August 1946, p. 20
2258:Carpenter, pp. 216–217
1824:Anthony Michaels-Moore
1745:Anthony Michaels-Moore
1681:English National Opera
1087:
1033:Rachel Willis-Sørensen
1023:as Balstrode; and the
983:in 2001, conducted by
705:; the conductors were
695:English National Opera
620:The Rev Horace Adams,
439:
285:
68:; 79 years ago
4661:Operas set in England
3847:Cantata misericordium
3783:The Company of Heaven
3536:The Turn of the Screw
3102:(London), 9 July 2004
3009:25 March 2022 at the
2986:25 March 2022 at the
2790:24 March 2022 at the
2752:24 March 2022 at the
2733:14 April 2022 at the
2695:24 March 2022 at the
2676:24 March 2022 at the
2657:24 March 2022 at the
2636:24 March 2022 at the
2563:23 March 2022 at the
2558:"Grimes on the Beach"
2461:23 March 2022 at the
2404:23 March 2022 at the
2385:23 March 2022 at the
2324:Banks, pp. xvi–xviii.
2144:Greenhalgh, pp. 29–30
1927:CD: Signum SIGCD 348
1880:Orchestra e Coro del
1613:Anthony Rolfe Johnson
1288:homosexual oppression
1078:
833:Glyndebourne Festival
805:Anthony Rolfe Johnson
437:
303:Christopher Isherwood
281:
158:Anthony Rolfe Johnson
4641:Music based on poems
4241:Homage to Paderewski
4223:String Quartet No. 3
4173:String Quartet No. 2
4167:String Quartet No. 1
4163:(oboe quartet, 1932)
4148:Chamber/Instrumental
4105:A Hymn of St Columba
4051:A Ceremony of Carols
3944:A Charm of Lullabies
3915:(1947–75, including
3496:The Rape of Lucretia
3465:List of compositions
3415:A Man for the People
3164:Banks, Paul (2000).
3094:20 July 2022 at the
3056:20 July 2022 at the
2846:, 18 July 1945, p. 4
2820:, 10 June 1945, p. 2
2690:"Peter Grimes, 2012"
2671:"Peter Grimes, 2001"
2652:"Peter Grimes, 1981"
2475:"Peter Grimes, 1997"
2456:"Peter Grimes, 1989"
2437:"Peter Grimes, 1978"
2418:"Peter Grimes, 1977"
2399:"Peter Grimes, 1948"
2315:, 10 June 1945, p. 2
2135:Brett, pp. 55 and 62
1814:Anthony Dean Griffey
1683:Orchestra and Chorus
1587:Elizabeth Bainbridge
1543:Elizabeth Bainbridge
1497:Elizabeth Bainbridge
1025:Bavarian State Opera
1019:as Ellen Orford and
933:Anthony Dean Griffey
899:American productions
853:Welsh National Opera
851:; a 1999 version by
819:'s 1968 staging for
594:apothecary and quack
502:landlady of The Boar
363:Sadler's Wells Opera
316:A Ceremony of Carols
46:The composer in 1968
4384:English Opera Group
4320:Named after Britten
4075:Rejoice in the Lamb
3775:Our Hunting Fathers
3695:Sinfonia da Requiem
3405:Benjamin Britten's
3251:Opera for Everybody
3206:Carpenter, Humphrey
3074:2 July 2021 at the
2977:Music & Letters
2872:, 8 June 1945, p. 6
2833:, 9 June 1945, p. 3
2367:, 9 May 2009, p. 32
1775:Christopher Ventris
1514:BBC Recording DVD:
1334:Rupert Christiansen
1300:Music & Letters
1254:opened his review "
1193:Cheltenham Festival
1185:Four Sea Interludes
1177:Four Sea Interludes
1095:Four Sea Interludes
1027:in a production by
945:Royal Swedish Opera
935:in the title role.
670:Grimes's apprentice
385:Performance history
359:Tanglewood Festival
228:Sinfonia da Requiem
184:Four Sea Interludes
4371:Britten's Children
4291:Britten Pears Arts
4286:Aldeburgh Festival
4219:(1964, 1967, 1972)
4121:Children's Crusade
4059:Hymn to St Cecilia
3855:Children's Crusade
3703:Matinées musicales
3472:Opera and operetta
3124:, Presto Classical
2962:, 16 February 1948
2956:"Opera's New Face"
2944:The New York Times
2929:Tommasini, Anthony
2855:"Mr Frank Howes",
2771:9 May 2022 at the
2714:9 May 2022 at the
2518:9 May 2022 at the
2499:9 May 2022 at the
2480:9 May 2022 at the
2442:9 May 2022 at the
2423:9 May 2022 at the
2082:Grove Music Online
1866:Christopher Purves
1840:Metropolitan Opera
1386:Balstrode, Auntie
1293:The New York Times
1207:Critical reception
1201:Sir Thomas Beecham
1088:
1001:Vienna State Opera
979:was staged at the
939:Continental Europe
917:Metropolitan Opera
881:Aldeburgh Festival
843:and, in revivals,
723:was staged at the
440:
322:Hymn to St Cecilia
298:Serge Koussevitzky
286:
4618:
4617:
4464:The Eighth Wonder
4418:
4417:
4113:The Golden Vanity
4083:Five Flower Songs
4043:Advance Democracy
4019:Friday Afternoons
4000:A Birthday Hansel
3831:Cantata academica
3791:Les Illuminations
3737:(1939, rev. 1958)
3731:(1938, rev. 1945)
3671:Soirées musicales
3321:978-1-908323-38-5
3279:978-1-871569-08-7
3260:978-0-571-22493-7
3219:978-0-571-14325-2
3197:978-0-521-22916-6
3087:Andrew Clements,
3021:Hepburn, Allan. "
2270:Carpenter, p. 217
2207:Carpenter, p. 169
2180:Carpenter, p. 208
1979:
1978:
1949:Roderick Williams
1882:Teatro alla Scala
1790:Franz Welser-Möst
1786:Liliana Nikiteanu
1638:Royal Opera House
1597:Royal Opera House
1553:Royal Opera House
1461:Royal Opera House
1418:Royal Opera House
1273:Later assessments
1212:First productions
1203:in October 1945.
1086:
1007:and conducted by
1005:Christine Mielitz
909:Leonard Bernstein
875:and conducted by
859:and conducted by
849:Mark Wigglesworth
845:Franz Welser-Most
839:and conducted by
803:, Langridge, and
761:Teatro dell'Opera
725:Royal Opera House
707:Charles Mackerras
684:Source: Libretto.
681:
680:
677:Leonard Thompson
309:London: 1943–1945
222:Les Illuminations
88:
87:
4673:
4488:Dead Man Walking
4445:
4438:
4431:
4422:
4421:
4410:
4409:
4356:Related articles
4347:Britten Sinfonia
4260:Film adaptations
4161:Phantasy Quartet
4091:Hymn to St Peter
4067:Festival Te Deum
3753:(1940 rev. 1954)
3603:The Prodigal Son
3512:The Little Sweep
3456:Benjamin Britten
3449:
3442:
3435:
3426:
3425:
3387:
3374:
3325:
3303:
3283:
3264:
3245:
3236:. London: Dent.
3223:
3201:
3179:
3151:
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3005:
2996:
2990:
2982:
2969:
2963:
2953:
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2920:
2892:
2886:
2883:The Boston Globe
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2555:
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2544:"Peter Grimes",
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2087:
2074:
2057:
2046:
2040:
2033:
2027:
2024:
2018:
2011:
2005:
1997:
1920:, Chorus of the
1856:John Graham-Hall
1834:Donald Runnicles
1819:Patricia Racette
1747:
1697:Philip Langridge
1661:Philip Langridge
1538:Jonathan Summers
1502:Benjamin Britten
1456:Benjamin Britten
1429:Cat: (excerpts)
1413:Reginald Goodall
1374:
1373:
1266:The Boston Globe
1084:
949:Herbert Sandberg
929:Donald Runnicles
825:Alexander Gibson
797:Richard Cassilly
763:, Rome, and the
751:, Brussels) and
741:Elijah Moshinsky
699:Philip Langridge
663:
457:Reginald Goodall
442:
441:
423:Madame Butterfly
260:
256:
215:and his partner
213:Benjamin Britten
209:Second World War
166:Philip Langridge
142:Reginald Goodall
134:Second World War
101:Benjamin Britten
76:
74:
69:
66:7 June 1945
44:
34:Benjamin Britten
21:
20:
4681:
4680:
4676:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4671:
4670:
4621:
4620:
4619:
4614:
4608:The Magic Flute
4454:
4449:
4419:
4414:
4400:
4351:
4315:
4274:
4255:
4228:
4143:
4006:
3984:The Poet's Echo
3869:
3815:Spring Symphony
3762:
3735:Violin Concerto
3717:
3663:Simple Symphony
3644:
3609:
3579:Church parables
3574:
3568:Death in Venice
3467:
3458:
3453:
3385:
3381:
3335:
3332:
3330:Further reading
3322:
3308:Matthews, David
3280:
3261:
3220:
3198:
3176:
3160:
3155:
3154:
3144:
3142:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3122:Wayback Machine
3112:"Recordings of
3110:
3106:
3096:Wayback Machine
3086:
3082:
3076:Wayback Machine
3067:
3063:
3058:Wayback Machine
3050:
3040:
3033:
3020:
3016:
3011:Wayback Machine
3003:
2998:Garvie, Peter.
2997:
2993:
2988:Wayback Machine
2980:
2971:Garbutt, J. W.
2970:
2966:
2954:
2950:
2946:, 1 March 2008.
2940:Wayback Machine
2927:
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2903:Wayback Machine
2893:
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2773:Wayback Machine
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2754:Wayback Machine
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2604:Wayback Machine
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2565:Wayback Machine
2556:
2552:
2546:The Independent
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2520:Wayback Machine
2511:
2507:
2501:Wayback Machine
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2482:Wayback Machine
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2387:Wayback Machine
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2103:
2099:Matthews, p. 61
2098:
2091:
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2075:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2060:
2047:
2043:
2039:, as Ned Keene.
2034:
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2021:
2012:
2008:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1974:
1962:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1909:Steuart Bedford
1904:
1903:David Kempster,
1902:
1900:
1887:
1879:
1871:Felicity Palmer
1869:
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1859:
1837:
1829:Felicity Palmer
1827:
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1804:
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1783:
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1739:Glenn Winslade,
1730:
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1633:Bernard Haitink
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1518:
1510:
1505:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1472:
1464:
1459:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1428:
1416:
1406:
1390:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1372:
1364:
1330:
1275:
1214:
1209:
1173:
1144:
1128:
1083:
1073:
1050:
1045:
941:
921:Frederick Jagel
901:
891:conducted, and
889:Steuart Bedford
867:as Grimes; and
823:, conducted by
813:
773:Antonio Pappano
691:
657:
601:Edmund Donlevy
569:Valetta Iacopi
560:a rentier widow
524:Blanche Turner
454:
432:
392:
387:
346:
311:
258:
254:
231:(1940) and his
205:
200:
84:
83:
77:
72:
70:
67:
47:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4679:
4669:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4604:
4596:
4588:
4580:
4572:
4568:The Ring Cycle
4564:
4556:
4548:
4540:
4532:
4524:
4516:
4508:
4500:
4496:The Ring Cycle
4492:
4484:
4476:
4468:
4459:
4456:
4455:
4448:
4447:
4440:
4433:
4425:
4416:
4415:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4396:Scallop (2003)
4393:
4390:The Dark Tower
4386:
4381:
4374:
4367:
4359:
4357:
4353:
4352:
4350:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4323:
4321:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4272:
4263:
4261:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4253:
4245:
4236:
4234:
4233:Collaborations
4230:
4229:
4227:
4226:
4220:
4214:
4213:(guitar, 1963)
4206:
4200:
4192:
4184:
4176:
4170:
4164:
4158:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4144:
4142:
4141:
4133:
4125:
4117:
4109:
4101:
4095:
4087:
4079:
4071:
4063:
4055:
4047:
4039:
4031:
4027:A Boy was Born
4023:
4014:
4012:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4004:
3996:
3988:
3980:
3972:
3964:
3956:
3948:
3940:
3908:
3902:
3894:
3886:
3877:
3875:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3867:
3859:
3851:
3843:
3835:
3827:
3819:
3811:
3803:
3795:
3787:
3779:
3770:
3768:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3757:Cello Symphony
3754:
3746:
3738:
3732:
3729:Piano Concerto
3725:
3723:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3707:
3699:
3691:
3683:
3675:
3667:
3659:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3634:
3626:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3599:
3591:
3582:
3580:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3564:
3556:
3548:
3540:
3532:
3524:
3516:
3508:
3504:Albert Herring
3500:
3492:
3484:
3475:
3473:
3469:
3468:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3452:
3451:
3444:
3437:
3429:
3423:
3422:
3411:
3410:(BBC synopsis)
3402:
3393:
3380:
3379:External links
3377:
3376:
3375:
3337:Payne, Anthony
3331:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3320:
3304:
3284:
3278:
3265:
3259:
3246:
3228:Crabbe, George
3224:
3218:
3202:
3196:
3180:
3174:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3126:
3104:
3080:
3061:
3031:
3014:
2991:
2964:
2948:
2921:
2887:
2874:
2861:
2848:
2835:
2822:
2809:
2796:
2777:
2758:
2739:
2728:"Peter Grimes"
2720:
2709:"Peter Grimes"
2701:
2682:
2663:
2641:
2608:
2597:"Peter Grimes"
2589:
2585:The Daily News
2573:
2571:, 18 June 2013
2550:
2537:
2524:
2513:"Peter Grimes"
2505:
2494:"Peter Grimes"
2486:
2467:
2448:
2429:
2410:
2391:
2380:"Peter Grimes"
2369:
2356:
2347:
2345:Herbert, p. 88
2335:
2326:
2317:
2307:Glock, William
2290:
2288:Gilbert, p. 98
2281:
2272:
2260:
2251:
2242:
2230:
2221:
2219:Herbert, p. 25
2209:
2200:
2191:
2182:
2173:
2164:
2155:
2146:
2137:
2128:
2119:
2117:Crabbe, p. 146
2110:
2101:
2089:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2041:
2028:
2019:
2006:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1959:Edward Gardner
1956:
1939:Stuart Skelton
1936:
1932:
1931:
1925:
1906:
1905:Gaynor Keeble
1901:Giselle Allen,
1894:
1890:
1889:
1886:DVD: Opus Arte
1884:
1876:Robin Ticciati
1873:
1853:
1849:
1848:
1842:
1831:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1798:
1787:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1751:
1741:Janice Watson,
1737:
1733:
1732:
1724:
1712:Richard Hickox
1709:
1701:Janice Watson,
1694:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1676:David Atherton
1673:
1665:Janice Cairns,
1658:
1654:
1653:
1641:
1630:
1628:Patricia Payne
1610:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1589:
1577:Heather Harper
1569:
1565:
1564:
1556:
1545:
1533:Heather Harper
1525:
1521:
1520:
1519:Cat: 074 3261
1512:
1499:
1487:Heather Harper
1479:
1475:
1474:
1466:
1453:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1421:
1410:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1387:
1378:
1371:
1368:
1360:Porgy and Bess
1342:
1327:
1319:Peter Conrad's
1274:
1271:
1237:The Scotsman's
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1172:
1170:Sea Interludes
1167:
1156:Sea Interludes
1148:Sea Interludes
1143:
1140:
1127:
1124:
1072:
1069:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:as Balstrode.
1029:Stefan Herheim
1013:Jonas Kaufmann
997:Robin Ticciati
981:Opéra Bastille
973:John Pritchard
940:
937:
900:
897:
877:Richard Farnes
873:Phyllida Lloyd
855:, directed by
821:Scottish Opera
812:
809:
759:, Madrid, the
753:Deborah Warner
715:Edward Gardner
711:David Atherton
703:Stuart Skelton
690:
687:
686:
685:
679:
678:
675:
672:
665:
664:
652:
649:
645:
644:
643:Frank Vaughan
641:
638:
631:
630:
627:
624:
617:
616:
613:
610:
603:
602:
599:
596:
589:
588:
586:Owen Brannigan
583:
578:
571:
570:
567:
562:
555:
554:
552:Roderick Jones
549:
544:
537:
536:
533:
530:
526:
525:
522:
519:
515:
514:
509:
504:
497:
496:
491:
486:
482:Ellen Orford,
479:
478:
473:
468:
464:Peter Grimes,
461:
460:
451:
446:
431:
428:
391:
388:
386:
383:
375:Tyrone Guthrie
343:
332:Montagu Slater
310:
307:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:or by itself.
192:Sea Interludes
170:Stuart Skelton
162:Jonas Kaufmann
138:Sadler's Wells
109:Montagu Slater
86:
85:
80:Sadler's Wells
78:
65:
63:
59:
58:
56:Montagu Slater
53:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4678:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4610:
4609:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4597:
4594:
4593:
4589:
4586:
4585:
4581:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4541:
4538:
4537:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4525:
4522:
4521:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4506:
4505:
4501:
4498:
4497:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4485:
4482:
4481:
4477:
4474:
4473:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4461:
4460:
4457:
4453:
4446:
4441:
4439:
4434:
4432:
4427:
4426:
4423:
4413:
4403:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4379:
4375:
4373:
4372:
4368:
4366:
4365:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4354:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4337:Britten Inlet
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4318:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4283:
4281:
4277:
4271:
4269:
4265:
4264:
4262:
4258:
4251:
4250:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4238:
4237:
4235:
4231:
4224:
4221:
4218:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4207:
4204:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4185:
4183:(organ, 1946)
4182:
4181:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4146:
4139:
4138:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4118:
4115:
4114:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4102:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4056:
4053:
4052:
4048:
4045:
4044:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4009:
4002:
4001:
3997:
3994:
3993:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3981:
3978:
3977:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3931:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3919:
3914:
3913:
3909:
3906:
3903:
3900:
3899:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3872:
3865:
3864:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3844:
3841:
3840:
3836:
3833:
3832:
3828:
3825:
3824:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3812:
3809:
3808:
3807:Saint Nicolas
3804:
3801:
3800:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3758:
3755:
3752:
3751:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3739:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3713:
3712:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3622:Plymouth Town
3619:
3618:
3616:
3612:
3605:
3604:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3589:
3588:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3560:Owen Wingrave
3557:
3554:
3553:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3544:Noye's Fludde
3541:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3525:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3501:
3498:
3497:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3485:
3482:
3481:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3461:
3457:
3450:
3445:
3443:
3438:
3436:
3431:
3430:
3427:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3383:
3382:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3323:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3290:
3285:
3281:
3275:
3271:
3266:
3262:
3256:
3252:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3234:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3184:Brett, Philip
3181:
3177:
3175:0-85115-791-2
3171:
3167:
3162:
3161:
3140:
3136:
3130:
3123:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3108:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3090:
3084:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3065:
3059:
3055:
3048:
3046:
3038:
3036:
3028:
3024:
3018:
3012:
3008:
3001:
2995:
2989:
2985:
2978:
2974:
2968:
2961:
2957:
2952:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2934:
2930:
2925:
2918:
2914:
2913:Stanley Sadie
2910:
2909:
2904:
2900:
2897:
2891:
2884:
2878:
2871:
2865:
2858:
2852:
2845:
2839:
2832:
2826:
2819:
2813:
2806:
2800:
2793:
2789:
2786:
2781:
2774:
2770:
2767:
2762:
2755:
2751:
2748:
2743:
2736:
2732:
2729:
2724:
2717:
2713:
2710:
2705:
2698:
2694:
2691:
2686:
2679:
2675:
2672:
2667:
2660:
2656:
2653:
2648:
2646:
2639:
2635:
2628:
2624:
2622:
2615:
2613:
2605:
2601:
2598:
2593:
2586:
2580:
2578:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2559:
2554:
2547:
2541:
2534:
2528:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2509:
2502:
2498:
2495:
2490:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2471:
2464:
2460:
2457:
2452:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2433:
2426:
2422:
2419:
2414:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2395:
2388:
2384:
2381:
2376:
2374:
2366:
2360:
2351:
2342:
2340:
2330:
2321:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2294:
2285:
2276:
2267:
2265:
2255:
2246:
2240:Brett, p. 149
2237:
2235:
2228:Brett, p. 152
2225:
2216:
2214:
2204:
2195:
2186:
2177:
2168:
2159:
2153:Brett, p. 148
2150:
2141:
2132:
2123:
2114:
2105:
2096:
2094:
2083:
2079:
2073:
2069:
2055:
2051:
2045:
2038:
2032:
2023:
2016:
2015:Ronald Duncan
2010:
2002:
1996:
1992:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1954:Susan Bickley
1950:
1945:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1910:
1907:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1888:Cat: OA1103D
1885:
1883:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1861:Susan Gritton
1857:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1847:
1843:
1841:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1781:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1763:
1760:
1755:
1752:
1746:
1738:
1735:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1718:
1713:
1710:
1708:Ameral Gunson
1705:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1685:
1682:
1677:
1674:
1669:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1639:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1618:Felicity Lott
1614:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1601:
1598:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1583:
1582:Norman Bailey
1578:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1443:Claire Watson
1439:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1384:Ellen Orford,
1382:Peter Grimes,
1376:
1375:
1367:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1350:Boris Godunov
1346:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1326:
1324:
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1267:
1262:
1257:
1253:
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1245:
1244:
1239:
1238:
1232:
1230:
1225:
1224:William Glock
1221:
1220:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1171:
1166:
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1151:
1149:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1123:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1082:
1077:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1055:
1040:
1038:
1037:Iain Paterson
1035:as Ellen and
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1017:Lise Davidsen
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
989:Richard Jones
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
936:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
913:William Horne
910:
906:
896:
895:sang Grimes.
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
829:Nigel Douglas
826:
822:
818:
808:
806:
802:
798:
794:
793:Richard Lewis
790:
789:Allan Clayton
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
683:
682:
676:
673:
671:
667:
666:
661:
656:
653:
650:
647:
646:
642:
639:
637:
633:
632:
628:
625:
623:
619:
618:
615:Morgan Jones
614:
611:
609:
605:
604:
600:
597:
595:
591:
590:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
573:
572:
568:
566:
565:mezzo-soprano
563:
561:
557:
556:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
539:
538:
535:Minnia Bower
534:
531:
528:
527:
523:
520:
517:
516:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
499:
498:
495:
492:
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481:
480:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
463:
462:
458:
452:
450:
447:
444:
443:
436:
430:Original cast
427:
425:
424:
419:
418:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
382:
380:
376:
372:
370:
369:
364:
360:
354:
351:
342:
340:
335:
333:
328:
324:
323:
318:
317:
306:
304:
299:
294:
292:
284:
283:George Crabbe
280:
276:
274:
270:
266:
265:George Crabbe
262:
251:of a talk by
250:
249:
244:
240:
239:
234:
230:
229:
224:
223:
218:
214:
210:
203:US: 1941–1943
195:
193:
189:
185:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
150:Allan Clayton
147:
143:
139:
135:
130:
128:
124:
120:
119:
114:
113:George Crabbe
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
93:
81:
64:
60:
57:
54:
50:
43:
38:
35:
31:
27:
22:
19:
4606:
4598:
4590:
4582:
4574:
4566:
4558:
4550:
4542:
4536:Peter Grimes
4535:
4534:
4526:
4518:
4510:
4502:
4494:
4486:
4478:
4470:
4462:
4388:
4376:
4369:
4362:
4342:Britten Hall
4267:
4247:
4239:
4217:Cello suites
4208:
4203:Cello sonata
4194:
4191:(oboe, 1951)
4186:
4178:
4137:Jubilate Deo
4135:
4127:
4119:
4111:
4103:
4098:Missa Brevis
4089:
4081:
4073:
4065:
4057:
4049:
4041:
4035:Te Deum in C
4033:
4025:
4017:
3998:
3990:
3982:
3974:
3966:
3958:
3952:Winter Words
3950:
3942:
3934:
3928:
3922:
3916:
3910:
3896:
3888:
3880:
3861:
3853:
3845:
3837:
3829:
3821:
3813:
3805:
3797:
3789:
3781:
3773:
3748:
3742:Young Apollo
3740:
3709:
3701:
3693:
3685:
3677:
3669:
3661:
3636:
3628:
3620:
3601:
3593:
3587:Curlew River
3585:
3566:
3558:
3550:
3542:
3534:
3526:
3518:
3510:
3502:
3494:
3488:Peter Grimes
3487:
3486:
3478:
3419:The Guardian
3418:
3407:Peter Grimes
3406:
3398:Peter Grimes
3397:
3340:
3311:
3292:
3291:Peter Grimes
3288:
3269:
3250:
3232:
3209:
3187:
3165:
3143:. Retrieved
3129:
3114:Peter Grimes
3113:
3107:
3100:The Guardian
3099:
3083:
3064:
3045:Peter Grimes
3044:
3026:
3023:Peter Grimes
3022:
3017:
2994:
2976:
2967:
2959:
2951:
2943:
2924:
2917:John Tyrrell
2906:
2890:
2882:
2877:
2869:
2864:
2856:
2851:
2844:The Scotsman
2843:
2838:
2830:
2825:
2818:The Observer
2817:
2812:
2804:
2803:"Concerts",
2799:
2780:
2761:
2742:
2723:
2704:
2685:
2666:
2626:
2621:Peter Grimes
2620:
2592:
2584:
2569:The Guardian
2568:
2553:
2545:
2540:
2532:
2527:
2508:
2489:
2470:
2451:
2432:
2413:
2394:
2364:
2359:
2350:
2329:
2320:
2312:The Observer
2310:
2302:
2299:Peter Grimes
2298:
2293:
2284:
2279:Brett, p. 41
2275:
2254:
2249:Brett, p. 98
2245:
2224:
2203:
2198:Brett, p. 48
2194:
2189:Brett, p. 52
2185:
2176:
2171:Brett, p. 47
2167:
2162:Brett, p. 35
2158:
2149:
2140:
2131:
2122:
2113:
2104:
2081:
2072:
2049:
2044:
2037:Gino Quilico
2031:
2022:
2009:
2000:
1995:
1973:CD: Chandos
1928:
1916:, Chorus of
1912:
1846:EMI Classics
1802:EMI Classics
1784:Alfred Muff,
1764:CD: LSO Live
1650:EMI Classics
1645:EMI Classics
1623:Thomas Allen
1425:EMI Classics
1365:
1358:
1348:
1338:Peter Grimes
1337:
1331:
1323:Philip Brett
1314:
1312:
1304:
1298:
1291:
1284:Peter Grimes
1283:
1277:
1276:
1264:
1256:Peter Grimes
1255:
1252:Douglas Watt
1249:
1241:
1235:
1227:
1219:The Observer
1217:
1215:
1184:
1176:
1174:
1169:
1160:
1155:
1152:
1147:
1145:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1116:
1112:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1058:
1051:
1009:Simone Young
985:James Conlon
953:Set Svanholm
942:
902:
885:Peter Grimes
884:
841:Andrew Davis
817:Colin Graham
814:
745:Willy Decker
733:Edith Coates
721:Peter Grimes
720:
719:
692:
674:silent role
669:
651:silent role
635:
629:Tom Culbert
621:
607:
593:
575:
559:
558:Mrs Sedley,
541:
512:Edith Coates
501:
483:
465:
455:(Conductor:
421:
415:
412:Peter Grimes
411:
404:Peter Grimes
403:
396:Peter Grimes
395:
393:
378:
373:
366:
355:
347:
339:Eric Crozier
336:
320:
314:
312:
295:
290:
287:
272:
268:
248:The Listener
246:
245:'s magazine
236:
226:
225:(1940), the
220:
206:
191:
183:
182:
174:Set Svanholm
131:
116:
92:Peter Grimes
91:
90:
89:
24:Peter Grimes
18:
4631:1945 operas
4270:(1989 film)
4268:War Requiem
4022:(1932–1935)
3933:(1954) and
3912:5 Canticles
3839:War Requiem
3722:Concertante
3656:Sinfonietta
3614:Film/Ballet
3480:Paul Bunyan
3400:discography
3233:The Borough
3145:5 September
2309:. "Music",
2054:Frank Howes
2048:Reviews in
2001:The Borough
1918:Opera North
1805:Cat: 00971
1796:Oper Zürich
1780:Emily Magee
1754:Colin Davis
1686:DVD: Kultur
1602:DVD: Kultur
1592:Colin Davis
1572:Jon Vickers
1548:Colin Davis
1528:Jon Vickers
1492:Bryan Drake
1482:Peter Pears
1468:London CD:
1452:Jean Watson
1448:James Pease
1438:Peter Pears
1403:Peter Pears
1336:wrote that
1181:passacaglia
1021:Bryn Terfel
1015:as Grimes,
977:Graham Vick
869:Opera North
865:John Daszak
861:Carlo Rizzi
857:Peter Stein
837:Trevor Nunn
831:as Grimes;
801:Robert Tear
785:Ben Heppner
781:Jon Vickers
769:Colin Davis
757:Teatro Real
737:John Cranko
658: [
655:Saša Machov
606:Bob Boles,
592:Ned Keene,
540:Balstrode,
476:Peter Pears
466:a fisherman
350:recitatives
291:The Borough
273:The Borough
269:The Borough
238:Paul Bunyan
217:Peter Pears
188:passacaglia
178:Jon Vickers
154:Ben Heppner
146:Peter Pears
118:The Borough
4625:Categories
4528:Billy Budd
3649:Orchestral
3630:Night Mail
3520:Billy Budd
2064:References
1975:CHAN 5250
1964:Grieg Hall
1761:and Chorus
1750:Jill Grove
1731:Cat: 9447
1688:Cat: 2902
1672:Ann Howard
1652:: 915620)
1408:Joan Cross
1389:Conductor,
1370:Recordings
1345:Mussorgsky
1282:describes
1100:apothecary
1079:The quay,
925:John Doyle
905:Tanglewood
777:Mark Elder
729:Karl Rankl
494:Joan Cross
449:Voice type
400:Joan Cross
198:Background
73:1945-06-07
52:Librettist
4584:Agrippina
4576:Faramondo
4552:Moby-Dick
4544:Partenope
3885:(1922–26)
3687:Mont Juic
3371:146426517
3349:: 22–26.
3345:(66–67).
3300:908409328
3242:931157038
3230:(1903) .
2870:The Times
2857:The Times
2805:The Times
2785:"Prom 34"
2533:The Times
2365:The Times
2303:The Times
2050:The Times
1944:Erin Wall
1766:Cat: 54
1704:Alan Opie
1668:Alan Opie
1243:The Times
1119:Methodist
1108:workhouse
1081:Aldeburgh
648:Dr Thorp
598:baritone
574:Swallow,
507:contralto
417:La bohème
408:cacophony
123:Aldeburgh
103:, with a
4520:Arabella
4412:Category
3927:(1952),
3823:Nocturne
3528:Gloriana
3421:(8 May).
3396:Further
3310:(2013).
3208:(1993).
3186:(1983).
3139:Archived
3118:Archived
3092:Archived
3072:Archived
3054:Archived
3007:Archived
2984:Archived
2936:Archived
2899:Archived
2788:Archived
2769:Archived
2750:Archived
2731:Archived
2712:Archived
2693:Archived
2674:Archived
2655:Archived
2634:Archived
2600:Archived
2561:Archived
2516:Archived
2497:Archived
2478:Archived
2459:Archived
2440:Archived
2421:Archived
2402:Archived
2383:Archived
1897:Alan Oke
1355:Gershwin
1332:In 2020
1261:Broadway
1048:Prologue
1043:Synopsis
993:La Scala
893:Alan Oke
743:(1975),
739:(1953),
634:Hobson,
576:a lawyer
547:baritone
532:soprano
529:Niece 2
521:soprano
518:Niece 1
500:Auntie,
390:Premiere
327:baritone
233:operetta
105:libretto
82:, London
62:Premiere
4512:Rusalka
4472:Batavia
3907:(1945)+
3863:Phaedra
3391:YouTube
3312:Britten
3158:Sources
2623:Abroad"
2004:Keene).
1728:Chandos
1560:Philips
1290:", and
1104:capstan
1065:coroner
1061:inquest
1054:Suffolk
1011:, with
961:Antwerp
951:, with
931:, with
911:, with
636:carrier
489:soprano
261:Forster
127:Suffolk
71: (
4666:Operas
4611:(2019)
4603:(2018)
4600:Hamlet
4595:(2017)
4587:(2016)
4579:(2015)
4571:(2014)
4563:(2013)
4560:Salome
4555:(2012)
4547:(2011)
4539:(2010)
4531:(2009)
4523:(2008)
4515:(2007)
4507:(2006)
4504:Flight
4499:(2005)
4491:(2004)
4483:(2003)
4475:(2002)
4467:(2001)
4279:Legacy
4252:(1953)
4244:(1941)
4225:(1975)
4205:(1961)
4175:(1945)
4169:(1941)
4157:(1931)
4140:(1961)
4132:(1974)
4124:(1968)
4116:(1966)
4108:(1962)
4100:(1959)
4094:(1955)
4086:(1950)
4078:(1943)
4070:(1944)
4062:(1942)
4054:(1942)
4046:(1938)
4038:(1934)
4030:(1933)
4011:Choral
4003:(1975)
3995:(1969)
3987:(1965)
3979:(1965)
3971:(1958)
3963:(1957)
3955:(1954)
3947:(1947)
3939:(1971)
3901:(1945)
3893:(1940)
3866:(1975)
3858:(1969)
3850:(1963)
3842:(1961)
3834:(1959)
3826:(1958)
3818:(1949)
3810:(1948)
3802:(1943)
3794:(1939)
3786:(1937)
3778:(1936)
3759:(1963)
3745:(1939)
3714:(1946)
3706:(1941)
3698:(1940)
3690:(1937)
3682:(1937)
3674:(1937)
3666:(1934)
3658:(1932)
3641:(1956)
3633:(1936)
3625:(1931)
3606:(1968)
3598:(1966)
3590:(1964)
3571:(1973)
3563:(1971)
3555:(1960)
3547:(1958)
3539:(1954)
3531:(1953)
3523:(1951)
3515:(1949)
3507:(1947)
3499:(1946)
3491:(1945)
3483:(1941)
3369:
3363:943322
3361:
3318:
3298:
3276:
3257:
3240:
3216:
3194:
3172:
1723:Chorus
1394:Label
965:Zurich
668:John,
626:tenor
622:rector
612:tenor
368:Carmen
259:
255:
3874:Vocal
3367:S2CID
3359:JSTOR
3342:Tempo
2627:Tempo
1987:Notes
1893:2013
1844:DVD:
1800:DVD:
1516:Decca
1470:Decca
1427:64727
1380:Cast:
1377:Year
1306:Tempo
1197:Proms
1142:Act 3
1126:Act 2
1071:Act 1
969:Opéra
957:Basel
863:with
827:with
662:]
640:bass
471:tenor
445:Role
30:Opera
4592:Saul
3316:ISBN
3296:OCLC
3274:ISBN
3255:ISBN
3238:OCLC
3214:ISBN
3192:ISBN
3170:ISBN
3147:2020
2960:Time
2915:and
1935:2019
1852:2012
1810:2008
1771:2005
1736:2004
1726:CD:
1719:and
1693:1995
1657:1994
1643:CD:
1609:1992
1568:1981
1558:CD:
1524:1978
1478:1969
1434:1958
1423:CD:
1399:1948
1329:him.
1163:tuba
963:and
847:and
787:and
775:and
713:and
701:and
581:bass
420:and
319:and
176:and
3417:".
3389:on
3351:doi
2301:",
1357:'s
1347:'s
1313:In
1216:In
1150:).
991:at
275:.
243:BBC
107:by
32:by
4627::
3921:,
3365:.
3357:.
3137:.
3098:.
3034:^
2975:,
2958:,
2942:,
2931:,
2911:,
2905:,
2644:^
2625:,
2611:^
2576:^
2567:,
2372:^
2338:^
2263:^
2233:^
2212:^
2092:^
2080:,
1966:,
1911:,
1222:,
1052:A
959:,
807:.
799:,
795:,
783:,
771:,
717:.
709:,
660:cs
459:)
334:.
257:M.
253:E.
235:,
211:,
180:.
172:,
168:,
164:,
160:,
156:,
152:,
125:,
97:Op
95:,
4444:e
4437:t
4430:v
3448:e
3441:t
3434:v
3373:.
3353::
3324:.
3302:.
3282:.
3263:.
3244:.
3222:.
3200:.
3178:.
3149:.
3043:"
2619:"
2056:.
1961:,
1951:,
1946:,
1941:,
1899:,
1878:,
1868:,
1863:,
1858:,
1836:,
1826:,
1821:,
1816:,
1792:,
1782:,
1777:,
1756:,
1748:,
1714:,
1706:,
1699:,
1678:,
1670:,
1663:,
1635:,
1625:,
1620:,
1615:,
1594:,
1584:,
1579:,
1574:,
1550:,
1540:,
1535:,
1530:,
1504:,
1494:,
1489:,
1484:,
1458:,
1450:,
1445:,
1440:,
1415:,
1405:,
1231:'
75:)
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