683:
1534:
1480:, although in larger colonies, flamingos sometimes change mates, presumably because more mates are available to choose. Flamingo pairs establish and defend nesting territories. They locate a suitable spot on the mudflat to build a nest (the female usually selects the place). Copulation usually occurs during nest building, which is sometimes interrupted by another flamingo pair trying to commandeer the nesting site for their use. Flamingos aggressively defend their nesting sites. Both the male and the female contribute to building the nest, and to protecting the nest and egg. Same-sex pairs have been reported.
1506:
1041:
1614:
1104:
1522:
1473:
flamingo colonies split into breeding groups of about 15 to 50 birds. Both males and females in these groups perform synchronized ritual displays. The members of a group stand together and display to each other by stretching their necks upwards, then uttering calls while head-flagging, and then flapping their wings. The displays do not seem directed towards an individual, but occur randomly. These displays stimulate "synchronous nesting" (see below) and help pair up those birds that do not already have mates.
1326:
986:
1334:
1564:
169:
1126:
144:
1448:. American flamingos are a brighter red color because of the beta carotene availability in their food while the lesser flamingos are a paler pink due to ingesting a smaller amount of this pigment. These carotenoids are broken down into pigments by liver enzymes. The source of this varies by species, and affects the color saturation. Flamingos whose sole diet is blue-green algae are darker than those that get it second-hand by eating animals that have digested blue-green algae.
5695:
1342:
1011:
5719:
1354:
behaviour also takes place in warm water and is also observed in birds that do not typically stand in water. An alternative theory is that standing on one leg reduces the energy expenditure for producing muscular effort to stand and balance on one leg. A study on cadavers showed that the one-legged pose could be held without any muscle activity, while living flamingos demonstrate substantially less body sway in a one-legged posture.
1066:
331:
5731:
5707:
1401:
423:
1499:
leave them alone. After a while, the microcrĂšches merge into "crĂšches" containing thousands of chicks. Chicks that do not stay in their crĂšches are vulnerable to predators. When young flamingos are around three to three and a half months old, their flight feathers will finish growing in, allowing them to fly.
1498:
For the first six days after the chicks hatch, the adults and chicks stay in the nesting sites. At around 7â12 days old, the chicks begin to move out of their nests and explore their surroundings. When they are two weeks old, the chicks congregate in groups, called "microcrĂšches", and their parents
1353:
Flamingos usually stand on one leg with the other tucked beneath the body. The reason for this behaviour is not fully understood. One theory is that standing on one leg allows the birds to conserve more body heat, given that they spend a significant amount of time wading in cold water. However, the
1472:
Flamingos are very social birds; they live in colonies whose population can number in the thousands. These large colonies are believed to serve three purposes for the flamingos: avoiding predators, maximizing food intake, and using scarce suitable nesting sites more efficiently. Before breeding,
1849:
1439:
as well as insect larvae, small insects, mollusks and crustaceans. Their bills are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they eat, and are uniquely used upside-down. The filtering of food items is assisted by hairy structures called lamellae, which line the mandibles, and the
1383:
The greater flamingo is the tallest of the six different species of flamingos, standing at 3.9 to 4.7 feet (1.2 to 1.4 m) with a weight up to 7.7 pounds (3.5 kg), and the shortest flamingo species (the lesser) has a height of 2.6 feet (0.8 m) and weighs 5.5 pounds (2.5 kg).
698:, while morphological evidence also strongly supports a relationship between flamingos and grebes. They hold at least 11 morphological traits in common, which are not found in other birds. Many of these characteristics have been previously identified on flamingos, but not on grebes. The fossil
1406:
1405:
1403:
1357:
While walking, a flamingo's legs may appear to bend backwards. This appearance is due to the middle joint on their legs being their ankle, not their knee. Flamingos also have webbed feet that aid with swimming and they may stamp their feet in the mud to stir up food from the bottom.
1407:
429:
427:
424:
428:
1463:
ranging from grunting or growling to nasal honking. Vocalizations play an important role in parent-chick recognition, ritualized displays, and keeping large flocks together. Variations in vocalizations exist in the voices of different species of flamingos.
1404:
2501:
Hackett, Shannon J.; Kimball, Rebecca T.; Reddy, Sushma; Bowie, Rauri C. K.; Braun, Edward L.; Braun, Michael J.; Chojnowski, Jena L.; Cox, W. Andrew; Kin-Lan Han, John (27 June 2008). "A Phylogenomic Study of Birds
Reveals Their Evolutionary History".
426:
1717:, at which two thousand of the choicest fishes and seven thousand birds are said to have been served. He himself eclipsed even this at the dedication of a platter, which on account of its enormous size he called the "Shield of
1625:
While many different kinds of birds were valued items in Roman food, flamingos were among the most prized in
Ancient Roman cuisine. An early reference to their consumption, and especially of their tongues, is found in
1402:
1376:
obtained from their food supply. A well-fed, healthy flamingo is more vibrantly colored, thus a more desirable mate; a white or pale flamingo, however, is usually unhealthy or malnourished.
3327:
Hill, G. E.; Montgomerie, R.; Inouye, C. Y.; Dale, J. (June 1994). "Influence of
Dietary Carotenoids on Plasma and Plumage Colour in the House Finch: Intra- and Intersexual Variation".
1451:
Though flamingos prefer to drink freshwater, they are equipped with glands under their eyes that remove extra salt from their bodies. This organ allows them to drink saltwater as well.
425:
1600:
Zoos have used mirrors to improve flamingo breeding behaviour. The mirrors are thought to give the flamingos the impression that they are in a larger flock than they actually are.
716:("miraculous birds" due to their extreme divergence and apomorphies) has been proposed. Alternatively, they could be placed in one order, with Phoenocopteriformes taking priority.
728:
below showing the phylogenetic relationships between the six extant flamingo species is based on a study by
Roberto Frias-Soler and collaborators that was published in 2022.
2742:
Del Hoyo, Josep; Boesman, Peter F. D.; Garcia, Ernest; Kirwan, Guy M. (2020). Del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David; De Juana, Eduardo (eds.).
2433:
1505:
3818:
3193:
Bildstein, Keith L.; Frederick, Peter C.; Spalding, Marilyn G. (November 1991). "Feeding
Patterns and Aggressive Behavior in Juvenile and Adult American Flamingos".
1380:
flamingos are a notable exception; even if adequately nourished, they may turn a pale pink if they are not fed carotene at levels comparable to the wild.
3903:
3549:
Studer-Thiersch, A. (2000). "What 19 Years of
Observation on Captive Great Flamingos Suggests about Adaptations to Breeding under Irregular Conditions".
3791:
1667:
Although a few recipes for flamingos are found in
Apicius' extant works, none refer specifically to flamingo tongues. The three flamingo recipes in the
1823:, because he was told that one who ate them was immune from the plague. He served to the palace-attendants, moreover, huge platters heaped up with the
2642:
Frias-Soler, R.C.; Bauer, A.; Grohme, M.A.; Espinosa López, G.; Gutiérrez Costa, M.; Llanes-Quevedo, A.; Van Slobbe, F.; Frohme, M.; Wink, M. (2022).
2194:
4607:
1491:
stimulates production. Crop milk contains both fat and protein, as with mammalian milk, but unlike mammalian milk, it contains no carbohydrates. (
6172:
6030:
3676:
963:. As a result of a 2014 publication, the family was reclassified into two genera. In 2020, the family had three recognized genera, according to
2432:
Ericson, Per G. P.; Anderson, CL; Britton, T; Elzanowski, A; Johansson, US; KÀllersjö, M; Ohlson, JI; Parsons, TJ; Zuccon, D (December 2006).
6069:
1533:
3866:
1819:
In imitation of
Apicius he frequently ate camels-heels and also cocks-combs taken from the living birds, and the tongues of peacocks and
2098:. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Vol. 222. New York: American Museum of Natural History. pp. 132, 227.
1495:
also produce crop milk, though just in the glands lining the crop, which contains less fat and more protein than flamingo crop milk.)
4031:
3931:
2562:
2118:
1553:
3417:
2852:
Torres, C. R.; De Pietri, V. L.; Louchart, A.; Van Tuinen, M. (2015). "New cranial material of the earliest filter feeding flamingo
6004:
1790:
My red wing gives me my name; but it is my tongue that is considered savoury by epicures. What, if my tongue had been able to sing?
1579:
in
Switzerland in 1958. Since then, over 389 flamingos have grown up in Basel and been distributed to other zoos around the globe.
2602:
1369:, zoo in 2005. One was spotted in Texas 14 years later. It had been seen previously by birders in Texas, Wisconsin and Louisiana.
959:
Six extant flamingo species are recognized by most sources, and were formerly placed in one genus (have common characteristics) â
6043:
4602:
2554:
2295:
2476:
2397:
Chubb, AL (2004). "New nuclear evidence for the oldest divergence among neognath birds: the phylogenetic utility of ZENK (i)".
3711:
3589:
3257:
3025:"Fossil Birds from Manix Lake California: Descriptions of late Pleistocene bira remains, including a new species of flamingo"
6048:
3227:
2783:
2555:"Morphological evidence for sister group relationship between flamingos (Aves: Phoenicopteridae) and grebes (Podicipedidae)"
1483:
After the chicks hatch, the only parental expense is feeding. Both the male and the female feed their chicks with a kind of
3840:
1372:
Young flamingos hatch with grayish-red plumage, but adults range from light pink to bright red due to aqueous bacteria and
407:. There are four flamingo species distributed throughout the Americas (including the Caribbean), and two species native to
658:, but a 2014 comprehensive study of bird orders found that flamingos and grebes are not waterfowl, but rather are part of
5769:
3959:
3917:
616:
assemblage, have been considered the flamingos' closest relatives and the family was included in the order. Usually, the
3995:
3620:
964:
1521:
682:
654:
were used to argue for a close relationship between flamingos, waterfowl, and waders. A 2002 paper concluded they are
3775:
3502:
3401:
3177:
5747:
4012:
6121:
5983:
3727:
Gaillo, A.; Johnson, A. R.; Gallo, A. (1995). "Adult
Aggressiveness and CrĂšching Behavior in the Greater Flamingo,
3065:
2979:
17:
2152:
6074:
5996:
4146:
2310:
4113:
3536:
2261:
1287:
3889:
3464:
Pickett, C.; Stevens, E. F. (1994). "Managing the Social Environments of Flamingos for Reproductive Success".
2026:
6139:
6056:
168:
1803:
There is also a mention of flamingo brains in a later, highly contentious source, detailing, in the life of
2803:
2235:
1365:
to prevent escape. A pair of African flamingos which had not yet had their wings clipped escaped from the
5926:
5735:
4592:
2057:
3118:"Mechanical evidence that flamingos can support their body on one leg with little active muscular force"
5931:
4374:
3442:
3091:
1384:
Flamingos can have a wingspan as small as 37 inches (94 cm) to as big as 59 inches (150 cm).
6113:
6167:
6126:
4289:
4279:
4063:
1951:
1921:
1265:
628:
were considered their closest relatives within this order. Earlier genetic studies, such as those of
31:
3272:
Bradford, Alina. 2014. Flamingo Facts: Food Turns Feathers Pink. September 18. Accessed March 2018.
2922:
2856:(Aves, Phoenicopteridae) informs the evolution of the highly specialized filter feeding apparatus".
2681:"A multi-locus inference of the evolutionary diversification of extant flamingos (Phoenicopteridae)"
1977:"A multi-locus inference of the evolutionary diversification of extant flamingos (Phoenicopteridae)"
1487:, produced in glands lining the whole of the upper digestive tract (not just the crop). The hormone
5917:
4615:
4597:
2679:
Torres, Chris R; Ogawa, Lisa M; Gillingham, Mark AF; Ferrari, Brittney; Van Tuinen, Marcel (2014).
2072:
1975:
Torres, Chris R; Ogawa, Lisa M; Gillingham, Mark AF; Ferrari, Brittney; Marcel, van Tuinen (2014).
1876:
592:
235:
5762:
4620:
3945:
2743:
1632:
1416:
1228:
4294:
3703:
1713:
Most notorious of all was the dinner given by his brother to celebrate the emperor's arrival in
6100:
5879:
5711:
4587:
4399:
4349:
2644:"Phylogeny of the order Phoenicopteriformes and population genetics of the Caribbean flamingo (
1276:
702:
can be considered evolutionarily, and ecologically, intermediate between flamingos and grebes.
527:
6035:
3612:
3606:
3527:
Studer-Thiersch, A. (1975). "Basle Zoo", pp. 121â130 in N. Duplaix-Hall and J. Kear, editors.
2296:"A New Presbyornithid Bird (Aves, Anseriformes) from the Late Cretaceous of Southern Mongolia"
1872:
worshipped nature. They placed emphasis on animals, and often depicted flamingos in their art.
6095:
4424:
3247:
1645:
phoenicopteri linguam praecipui saporis esse apicius docuit, nepotum omnium altissimus gurges
1298:
1217:
6087:
1924:
in 1957. Their popularity was influenced in part by the prevalence of flamingo souvenirs in
5952:
5052:
4118:
3370:
3298:
2511:
2353:
2153:"The Relationships of the Flamingos as Indicated by the Egg-White Proteins and Hemoglobins"
1929:
1254:
4035:
2946:"The Miocene avifauna of the Li Mae Long locality, Thailand: systematics and paleoecology"
2603:"The contribution of fossils to the reconstruction of the higher-level phylogeny of birds"
2126:
1387:
Flamingos can open their bills by raising the upper jaw as well as by dropping the lower.
1169:
8:
5851:
5788:
4582:
4474:
4414:
4359:
4139:
1745:
1071:
810:
735:
446:
404:
220:
151:
3302:
3291:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
2515:
2357:
1654:, has informed us that the tongue of the phĆnicopterus is of the most exquisite flavour.
6162:
5755:
5365:
4429:
4389:
4354:
3748:
3696:
3657:
3562:
3352:
3344:
3210:
3142:
3117:
3002:
2873:
2834:
2759:
2707:
2680:
2535:
2463:
2374:
2341:
2322:
2222:
2175:
2003:
1976:
1884:
1820:
1682:
1582:
1377:
163:
4058:
2891:
Rich, P. V.; Walker, C.A. (1983). "A New Genus of Miocene Flamingo from East Africa".
2410:
1040:
6082:
5939:
5861:
5777:
5718:
5491:
5438:
5388:
4531:
4521:
4464:
4264:
4259:
4199:
3991:
3988:
The Spirit of Ancient Peru:Treasures from the Museo ArqueolĂłgico Rafael Larco Herrera
3771:
3707:
3616:
3585:
3532:
3506:
3498:
3397:
3253:
3173:
3147:
2961:
2945:
2826:
2763:
2712:
2617:
2576:
2527:
2468:
2414:
2379:
2227:
2008:
1651:
1613:
1460:
1131:
1027:
907:
625:
434:
3356:
3228:
Fugitive flamingo spotted in Texas 14 years after escaping a Kansas zoo during storm
2944:
Cheneval, J.; Ginsburg, L.; Mourer-Chauvire, CĂ©cile; Ratanasthien, Benjavun (1991).
2877:
2326:
2076:
5846:
5841:
5800:
5794:
5357:
4499:
4171:
3740:
3649:
3554:
3473:
3336:
3306:
3273:
3202:
3137:
3129:
2994:
2957:
2900:
2865:
2838:
2818:
2751:
2702:
2692:
2659:
2571:
2539:
2519:
2458:
2450:
2406:
2369:
2361:
2314:
2306:
2217:
2209:
2167:
2099:
1998:
1988:
1913:
1586:
1572:
1046:
991:
887:
860:
450:
397:
354:
45:
5944:
2904:
2342:"Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds"
1103:
5856:
5821:
5782:
5589:
5417:
4887:
4409:
4394:
4332:
4231:
4159:
2664:
2643:
2441:
2093:
1865:
1852:
1627:
1366:
1309:
1109:
1016:
790:
758:
651:
543:
319:
6061:
2434:"Diversification of Neoaves: integration of molecular sequence data and fossils"
1440:
large, rough-surfaced tongue. The pink or reddish color of flamingos comes from
1346:
1325:
985:
493:
5991:
5978:
5832:
5699:
5629:
5581:
5515:
5454:
5409:
5396:
5270:
5233:
5084:
4858:
4695:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4419:
4404:
4299:
4274:
4269:
4251:
4132:
3770:. Illustrated by Richard Hewett. Morrow Junior Books. pp. 11, 13, 22, 41.
2788:
2148:
1772:
1640:
1333:
1243:
846:
776:
713:
629:
597:
564:
309:
295:
288:
38:
2869:
2822:
2195:"Reinterpreting the origins of flamingo lice: cospeciation or host-switching?"
1721:, Defender of the City." In this he mingled the livers of pike, the brains of
1563:
6156:
5812:
5637:
5621:
5544:
5536:
5370:
5168:
5018:
4905:
4863:
4663:
4655:
4577:
4541:
4459:
4383:
4211:
3443:"American Flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber) Fact Sheet: Behavior & Ecology"
3232:
2621:
1917:
1892:
1836:
1828:
1436:
1428:
1420:
1373:
1362:
1125:
641:
609:
302:
94:
3024:
2697:
2523:
2365:
2052:
1993:
143:
5902:
5723:
5467:
5312:
5128:
4966:
4914:
4786:
4747:
4516:
4504:
4494:
4484:
4181:
3477:
3311:
3286:
3172:. Illustrated by Richard Hewett. Morrow Junior Books. pp. 11, 13, 22.
3151:
3133:
2943:
2830:
2755:
2716:
2531:
2472:
2454:
2418:
2383:
2231:
2213:
2012:
1906:
1856:
1812:
1618:
1590:
1432:
1195:
613:
408:
268:
3553:. 23 (Special Publication I: Conservation Biology of Flamingos): 150â159.
3510:
1512:
1004:
Parts of Africa, S. Europe and S. and SW Asia (most widespread flamingo).
6017:
5911:
5528:
5375:
5181:
5160:
5149:
5114:
4981:
4971:
4929:
4820:
4687:
4489:
4314:
4309:
4241:
4226:
4194:
3946:"Martial, Epigrams. Book 13. Mainly from Bohn's Classical Library (1897)"
1905:
miners have killed flamingos for their fat, believing that it would cure
1896:
1879:
1540:
1441:
1206:
650:, which are otherwise exclusively found on ducks and geese. The peculiar
468:
278:
69:
686:
Many molecular and morphological studies support a relationship between
6009:
5645:
5507:
5446:
5425:
5257:
5241:
5176:
5121:
5093:
5025:
4990:
4868:
4716:
4551:
4526:
4284:
4089:
3752:
3661:
3638:"Variation in Parental Care with Offspring Age in the Greater Flamingo"
3566:
3396:. Illustrated by Richard Hewett. Morrow Junior Books. pp. 11, 13.
3348:
3214:
3006:
2179:
1804:
1492:
1361:
Flamingos are capable flyers, and flamingos in captivity often require
699:
667:
632:
and colleagues, also supported this relationship. Relationships to the
602:
114:
79:
4124:
3794:[Zolli celebrates 50 years of flamingo breeding and science].
1341:
1010:
5965:
5605:
5560:
5349:
5142:
5059:
5043:
5032:
4942:
4878:
4837:
4536:
4337:
4324:
4304:
4204:
3819:"Flamingo believed to be world's oldest dies at Adelaide Zoo aged 83"
2318:
1832:
1722:
1705:
1699:
1594:
1576:
1488:
1484:
1477:
1412:
1165:
1141:
1094:
725:
655:
646:
633:
621:
180:
132:
119:
63:
6022:
5873:
3744:
3653:
3558:
3340:
3206:
2998:
2641:
2171:
2103:
5970:
5896:
5573:
5303:
5224:
5135:
5107:
4997:
4961:
4953:
4935:
4830:
4815:
4799:
4546:
4509:
4342:
1848:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1445:
1157:
659:
637:
591:
The family Phoenicopteridae was introduced by the French zoologist
200:
109:
104:
89:
84:
74:
3879:
English (John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A., 1855)
3637:
6134:
5957:
5483:
5336:
5215:
5100:
5066:
5004:
4825:
4679:
4671:
4364:
4236:
4221:
3608:
Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity
2851:
2730:
2262:"Osteological evidence for shorebird affinities of the flamingos"
2027:"A Flamboyance of Flamingos and Other Brilliant Bird Group Names"
1925:
1824:
1765:
1761:
1738:
1718:
1647:
1183:
1149:
1090:
1065:
538:
497:. The word may also have been influenced by the Spanish ethnonym
330:
257:
124:
99:
3674:
2431:
2193:
Johnson, Kevin P.; Kennedy, Martyn; McCracken, Kevin G. (2006).
1811:' heels and parrot tongues, in the belief that the latter was a
5613:
5552:
5328:
5320:
5249:
5189:
5073:
5011:
4894:
4561:
4556:
4434:
2921:
Rich, P.V.; van Tets, G.F.; Rich, T.H.V.; McEvey, A.R. (1987).
1932:, prompting the correlation of flamingos with style and wealth.
1902:
1808:
1689:
1161:
1153:
1145:
671:
190:
6108:
5499:
5286:
4849:
3252:. Princeton, NJ, US: Princeton University Press. p. 35.
2078:
Saggio di una distribuzione metodica degli animali vertebrati
1742:
1086:
1031:
710:
706:
695:
687:
663:
554:
477:
471:
393:
244:
3904:"C. Suetonius Tranquillus, Vitellius, chapter 13, section 2"
3792:"Zolli feiert 50 Jahre Flamingozucht und Flamingosforschung"
2678:
1974:
5475:
4842:
4805:
4775:
4189:
4155:
3287:"The filter-feeding and food of flamingoes (Pheonicopteri)"
2741:
2311:
10.1206/0003-0082(2002)386<0001:ANPBAA>2.0.CO;2
1869:
1839:-brains, and the heads of parrots, pheasants, and peacocks.
1714:
1082:
617:
575:
381:
375:
363:
210:
3890:"LacusCurtius âą Pliny the Elder's Natural HistoryâBook 10"
3867:"Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, liber x, chapter 67"
3551:
Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology
3192:
5597:
4454:
4216:
3326:
3049:
Brodkorb, P. (1953). "A Pliocene flamingo from Florida".
2792:, Chad Gillis, February 23, 2018. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
378:
372:
2500:
1949:
Both forms of the plural are attested, according to the
694:
Recent molecular studies have suggested a relation with
3841:"Colchester Zoo use mirrors to help flamingos to breed"
3694:
Ehrlich, Paul; Dobkin, David S.; Wheye, Darryl (1988).
3523:
3521:
3519:
3236:, Kaitlyn Alanis, May 27, 2019. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
2192:
4020:. University of Heidelberg. pp. 27â77, esp.38â39.
3531:. Berkhamsted, United Kingdom: T. & A. D. Poyser,
2920:
1807:, a food item not apparently to his liking as much as
1589:, believed to be the oldest in the world, died at the
3960:"Historia Augusta âą Life of Elagabalus (Part 2 of 2)"
3635:
2784:
Scientists: Florida flamingos are native to the state
1685:, squabs, fattened fowl; flamingo is an afterthought.
1459:
Flamingos are considered very noisy birds with their
636:
were considered as well, especially as flamingos are
384:
357:
3675:
Ward, Ann M.; Amy Hunt; Mike Maslanka; Chris Brown,
3542:
3516:
2923:"The Pliocene and Quaternary Flamingos of Australia"
2294:
Kurochkin, E. N.; Dyke, G. J.; Karhu, A. A. (2002).
2095:
History and Nomenclature of Avian Family-Group Names
360:
315:
284:
274:
264:
253:
4746:
3932:"Martial, Epigrammata, book 13, LXXI Phoenicopteri"
3678:
Nutrient Composition of American Flamingo Crop Milk
3584:. London: T & AD Poyser Ltd. pp. 124â130.
1571:The first flamingo hatched in a European zoo was a
369:
366:
3985:
3726:
3695:
3693:
3497:. Gloucester, UK: Alan Sutton Publishing Limited.
2293:
2147:
2081:(in Italian). Rome: Antonio Boulzaler. p. 59.
1119:High Andes in Peru, Chile, Bolivia and Argentina.
37:"Pink flamingo" redirects here. For the film, see
1213:(Early to Middle Miocene of Lake Victoria, Kenya)
414:A group of flamingoes is called a "flamboyance".
6154:
3274:https://www.livescience.com/27322-flamingos.html
2804:"The Paleogene fossil record of birds in Europe"
3548:
3116:Chang, Young-Hui; Ting, Lena H. (24 May 2017).
1780:Dat mihi penna rubens nomen; sed lingua gulosis
1239:(Early Miocene of Mae Long Reservoir, Thailand)
403:, which is the only extant family in the order
4090:"The Plastic Pink Flamingo: A Natural History"
3636:CĂ©zilly, F.; Johnson, A.; Tourenq, C. (1994).
3579:
3489:
3487:
3463:
2151:; Corbin, Kendall W.; Haavie, Joan H. (1969).
1329:Two flamingos with their ankles circled in red
1261:(Late Pleistocene of North America and Mexico)
1202:(Middle OligoceneâMiddle Miocene of C. Europe)
5763:
4140:
1681:220: roasted with an egg sauce, a recipe for
1567:Flamingos at Paradise Park, a zoo in Cornwall
574:crimson/red bird (though, an unknown bird of
498:
453:
4654:
4059:"Backstory: Extinction of an American icon?"
3816:
3598:
2596:
2594:
1785:Nostra sapit: quid, si garrula lingua foret?
1729:, the tongues of flamingoes and the milt of
1515:(curved) bill is adapted to bottom scooping.
541:/red-feathered'; other genera names include
3484:
1668:
1603:
1337:American and Chilean flamingos in captivity
677:
586:
5770:
5756:
4147:
4133:
3702:. New York: Simon & Schuster. p.
3457:
2890:
2333:
1547:
329:
142:
4011:Beinlich, Horst (2013). "Figure 7".
3310:
3141:
3115:
2950:Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences
2916:
2914:
2706:
2696:
2663:
2652:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2591:
2575:
2563:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2462:
2373:
2221:
2071:
2002:
1992:
1650:, that very deepest whirlpool of all our
1554:List of Phoenicopteriformes by population
4010:
3986:Berrin, Katherine; Larco Museum (1997).
3604:
3493:Ogilvie, Malcolm; Carol Ogilvie (1986).
3048:
2845:
2259:
1882:is depicted with a flamingo head in the
1847:
1612:
1608:
1562:
1399:
1340:
1332:
1324:
681:
421:
4154:
4056:
3245:
2777:
2744:"Lesser Flamingo (Phoeniconaias minor)"
2141:
2116:
1928:along with the Flamingo grand hotel in
1390:
14:
6173:Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte
6155:
3765:
3580:Johnson, Alan; CĂ©zilly, Frank (1975).
3391:
3284:
3167:
3163:
3161:
3089:
3063:
3022:
3018:
3016:
2977:
2973:
2971:
2911:
2339:
1454:
1316:(Pliocene to Pleistocene of Australia)
5878:
5877:
5751:
4639:
4128:
4087:
4083:
4081:
3817:Fedorowytsch, Tom (31 January 2014).
2729:Gill, F and D Donsker (Eds). (2016).
2399:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
2396:
1855:ceramic depicting flamingo (200 AD).
1511:American flamingo and offspring: The
1411:American flamingos vocalizing at the
1224:(Pliocene of Lake Kanunka, Australia)
6140:F276CCB4-48CF-48C7-A3C8-791F0629F7C6
6114:0EE8576B-5617-BD31-0EA0-21B64B32095E
5997:c2e02733-d524-4827-bb6c-a79b094c960f
5706:
4057:Collins, Clayton (2 November 2006).
3371:"NATURE: Fire Bird â Flamingo Facts"
3032:Geological Survey Professional Paper
2884:
2801:
2600:
2552:
2091:
1617:Pink flamingo prepared for cooking (
1283:(Late Pleistocene of California, US)
5730:
4050:
3759:
3611:. Stonewall Inn Editions. pp.
3385:
3249:American Zoo: A Sociological Safari
3158:
3057:
3042:
3013:
2980:"The fossil flamingos of Australia"
2968:
2937:
2858:Organisms Diversity & Evolution
2795:
1305:(Middle Pliocene of RincĂłn, Mexico)
1294:(Late Oligocene of South Australia)
1250:(Late Oligocene of South Australia)
24:
4078:
3285:Jenkin, Penelope M. (9 May 1957).
2340:Jarvis, E.D.; et al. (2014).
2119:"Sibley's Classification of Birds"
2050:
1527:Chilean flamingo feeding its young
1444:in their diet of animal and plant
1191:(Late Oligocene of France, Europe)
25:
6184:
4608:Late Quaternary prehistoric birds
4107:
3092:"Why flamingoes stand on one leg"
3066:"A Pliocene flamingo from Mexico"
1702:mentions flamingo tongues in his
1178:Prehistoric species of flamingo:
338:Global distribution of flamingos
5729:
5717:
5705:
5694:
5693:
5584:(New World vultures and condors)
2927:Memoirs of the Queensland Museum
2610:Species, Phylogeny and Evolution
2577:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2003.00094.x
1768:, alluding to flamingo tongues:
1532:
1520:
1504:
1124:
1102:
1064:
1039:
1009:
984:
353:
167:
67:
4121:on the Internet Bird Collection
4024:
4004:
3990:. New York: Thames and Hudson.
3979:
3966:
3952:
3938:
3924:
3918:"Suetonius âą Life of Vitellius"
3910:
3896:
3882:
3873:
3859:
3833:
3810:
3784:
3720:
3687:
3668:
3629:
3573:
3435:
3410:
3363:
3320:
3278:
3266:
3239:
3221:
3186:
3109:
3090:Walker, Matt (13 August 2009).
3083:
2735:
2723:
2672:
2635:
2546:
2494:
2425:
2390:
2287:
2253:
2117:Salzman, Eric (December 1993).
1695:231: roasted with a must sauce.
1558:
608:Traditionally, the long-legged
4640:
4034:. Seaworld.org. Archived from
3974:The Mochica: A Culture of Peru
2186:
2110:
2085:
2065:
2044:
2019:
1968:
1943:
1920:. They were first designed by
1764:, the poet, devoted an ironic
1733:, brought by his captains and
1677:) involve the whole creature:
1539:Colony of lesser flamingos at
1320:
1288:Phoenicopterus novaehollandiae
1132:American or Caribbean flamingo
13:
1:
2905:10.1080/00306525.1983.9634452
2411:10.1016/s1055-7903(03)00159-3
1962:
1467:
44:. For the lawn ornament, see
4100:(2): 5, 6 – via JSTOR.
2962:10.1016/0743-9547(91)90103-5
2731:IOC World Bird List (v 6.3).
1737:from the whole empire, from
1427:Flamingos are omnivores who
1059:Temperate S. South America.
719:
417:
7:
5648:(woodpeckers and relatives)
3798:(in German). 13 August 2008
3729:Phoenicopterus ruber roseus
3051:Natural History Miscellanea
2058:Online Etymology Dictionary
1912:In the United States, pink
1272:(Early Pliocene of Florida)
1211:(Harrison and Walker, 1976)
491:and a Germanic-like suffix
467:, which in turn comes from
10:
6189:
5510:(cormorants and relatives)
4603:Extinct species since 1500
4119:Flamingo videos and photos
3976:. New York: Praeger Press.
3972:Benson, Elizabeth (1972).
2665:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac040
1585:, an at least 83-year-old
1551:
1395:
1034:(most numerous flamingo).
954:
36:
29:
5886:
5830:
5810:
5689:
5640:(kingfishers and rollers)
5572:
5527:
5494:(albatrosses and petrels)
5466:
5437:
5408:
5387:
5378:(swifts and hummingbirds)
5360:(nightjars and relatives)
5348:
5311:
5302:
5269:
5232:
5223:
5214:
5210:
5184:(pheasants and relatives)
5159:
5083:
5042:
4980:
4952:
4928:
4904:
4877:
4798:
4785:
4742:
4715:
4711:
4650:
4646:
4635:
4631:
4570:
4473:
4373:
4323:
4250:
4180:
4167:
4064:Christian Science Monitor
3766:Arnold, Caroline (1991).
3392:Arnold, Caroline (1991).
3168:Arnold, Caroline (1991).
2870:10.1007/s13127-015-0209-7
2823:10.1017/S1464793105006779
2303:American Museum Novitates
2073:Bonaparte, Charles Lucien
1952:Oxford English Dictionary
1675:On the Subject of Cooking
1266:Phoenicopterus floridanus
1055:
1000:
978:
905:
885:
878:
858:
851:
808:
788:
781:
756:
746:
739:
522:. The name of the genus,
337:
328:
250:
243:
164:Scientific classification
162:
150:
141:
55:
32:Flamingo (disambiguation)
5539:(seriemas and relatives)
5518:(pelicans and relatives)
4114:Flamingo Resource Centre
4088:Price, Jennifer (1999).
3605:Bagemihl, Bruce (1999).
2685:BMC Evolutionary Biology
2092:Bock, Walter J. (1994).
1981:BMC Evolutionary Biology
1936:
1843:
1777:
1604:Relationship with humans
1461:noises and vocalizations
1072:James's or Puna flamingo
1051:Phoenicopterus chilensis
865:Phoenicopterus chilensis
678:Relationship with grebes
593:Charles Lucien Bonaparte
587:Taxonomy and systematics
5632:(hornbills and hoopoes)
5547:(falcons and relatives)
3246:Grazian, David (2015).
2698:10.1186/1471-2148-14-36
2524:10.1126/science.1157704
2366:10.1126/science.1253451
2260:Feduccia, Alan (1976).
1994:10.1186/1471-2148-14-36
1831:, and flamingo-brains,
1548:Status and conservation
1345:Flamingos in flight at
1229:Phoeniconaias siamensis
705:For the grebe-flamingo
478:
472:
5616:(trogons and quetzals)
5428:(cranes and relatives)
4698:(emus and cassowaries)
4588:Glossary of bird terms
4400:Confuciusornithiformes
4014:The Book of the Faiyum
3478:10.1002/zoo.1430130512
3445:. San Diego Zoo Global
3312:10.1098/rstb.1957.0004
3134:10.1098/rsbl.2016.0948
2756:10.2173/bow.lesfla1.01
2455:10.1098/rsbl.2006.0523
2214:10.1098/rsbl.2005.0427
2123:Ornitologia e dintorni
1916:are sometimes used as
1860:
1841:
1801:
1759:
1669:
1665:
1644:
1622:
1568:
1476:Flamingos form strong
1424:
1350:
1338:
1330:
1277:Phoenicopterus minutus
1114:Phoenicoparrus andinus
795:Phoenicoparrus andinus
691:
499:
454:
438:
6096:Paleobiology Database
5457:(kagu and sunbittern)
5420:(gulls and relatives)
4425:Songlingornithiformes
4390:Omnivoropterygiformes
3821:. ABC Radio Australia
3698:The Birder's Handbook
2978:Miller, A.H. (1963).
2854:Harrisonavis croizeti
2601:Mayr, Gerald (2006).
2553:Mayr, Gerald (2004).
1864:In the Americas, the
1851:
1817:
1770:
1711:
1662:, liber X, chapter 67
1638:
1616:
1609:Ancient Roman cuisine
1566:
1410:
1344:
1336:
1328:
1299:Phoenicopterus stocki
1218:Phoeniconaias proeses
1076:Phoenicoparrus jamesi
996:Phoenicopterus roseus
892:Phoenicopterus roseus
815:Phoenicoparrus jamesi
685:
432:
5992:Fauna Europaea (new)
5864:(Caribbean flamingo)
5279:Phoenicopteriformes
4094:The American Scholar
3582:The Greater Flamingo
3418:"Caribbean Flamingo"
2646:Phoenicopterus ruber
1877:Ancient Egyptian god
1630:, who states in the
1391:Behavior and ecology
1255:Phoenicopterus copei
1136:Phoenicopterus ruber
979:Geographic location
912:Phoenicopterus ruber
30:For other uses, see
5790:Phoenicopteriformes
5250:Mesitornithiformes
5244:(doves and pigeons)
4578:Families and orders
4440:Ichthyornithiformes
4415:Patagopterygiformes
3733:Colonial Waterbirds
3303:1957RSPTB.240..401J
3073:The Wilson Bulletin
3064:Miller, L. (1944).
3023:Howard, H. (1955).
2516:2008Sci...320.1763H
2510:(5884): 1763â1768.
2358:2014Sci...346.1320J
2352:(6215): 1320â1331.
1692:may be substituted.
1455:Vocalization sounds
1189:Milne-Edwards, 1868
1144:islands, Caribbean
1021:Phoeniconaias minor
763:Phoeniconaias minor
736:Phoenicopteriformes
476:â a combination of
405:Phoenicopteriformes
221:Phoenicopteriformes
5592:(eagles and hawks)
5492:Procellariiformes
5397:Opisthocomiformes
5366:Steatornithiformes
4593:List by population
4430:Hongshanornithidae
4355:Evolution of birds
3329:Functional Ecology
2811:Biological Reviews
2149:Sibley, Charles G.
1891:Flamingos are the
1885:Book of the Faiyum
1868:people of ancient
1861:
1623:
1569:
1425:
1351:
1339:
1331:
692:
439:
435:American flamingos
6150:
6149:
6083:Open Tree of Life
5880:Taxon identifiers
5871:
5870:
5862:American flamingo
5745:
5744:
5685:
5684:
5681:
5680:
5677:
5676:
5673:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5661:
5660:
5657:
5656:
5478:(loons or divers)
5447:Phaethontiformes
5439:Phaethontimorphae
5389:Opisthocomiformes
5358:Caprimulgiformes
5298:
5297:
5287:Podicipediformes
5206:
5205:
5202:
5201:
5198:
5197:
4924:
4923:
4707:
4706:
4664:Struthioniformes
4532:Waterfowl hunting
4465:Gastornithiformes
4460:Aepyornithiformes
4450:Lithornithiformes
3713:978-0-671-62133-9
3591:978-1-4081-3866-3
3259:978-0-691-16435-9
2802:Mayr, G. (2005).
2051:Harper, Douglas.
1914:plastic flamingos
1755:Life of Vitellius
1597:in January 2014.
1493:Pigeons and doves
1408:
1349:, YucatĂĄn, Mexico
1315:
1304:
1293:
1282:
1271:
1260:
1249:
1238:
1223:
1212:
1201:
1190:
1176:
1175:
1170:GalĂĄpagos Islands
1028:Great Rift Valley
951:
950:
947:Phoenicopteridae
941:
940:
932:
931:
923:
922:
908:American flamingo
835:
834:
826:
825:
626:Threskiornithidae
430:
342:
341:
239:
152:James's flamingos
136:
16:(Redirected from
6180:
6168:Phoenicopteridae
6143:
6142:
6130:
6129:
6117:
6116:
6104:
6103:
6091:
6090:
6078:
6077:
6065:
6064:
6062:NBNSYS0000188649
6052:
6051:
6039:
6038:
6026:
6025:
6013:
6012:
6000:
5999:
5987:
5986:
5974:
5973:
5961:
5960:
5948:
5947:
5935:
5934:
5922:
5921:
5920:
5907:
5906:
5905:
5875:
5874:
5852:James's flamingo
5847:Chilean flamingo
5842:Greater flamingo
5803:
5802:Phoenicopteridae
5797:
5791:
5785:
5772:
5765:
5758:
5749:
5748:
5733:
5732:
5721:
5709:
5708:
5697:
5696:
5649:
5641:
5633:
5625:
5622:Leptosomiformes
5617:
5609:
5601:
5593:
5590:Accipitriformes
5585:
5564:
5563:(perching birds)
5556:
5548:
5540:
5519:
5511:
5503:
5495:
5487:
5484:Sphenisciformes
5479:
5458:
5450:
5429:
5421:
5418:Charadriiformes
5400:
5379:
5361:
5340:
5332:
5329:Musophagiformes
5324:
5309:
5308:
5290:
5282:
5261:
5253:
5245:
5230:
5229:
5221:
5220:
5212:
5211:
5185:
5172:
4950:
4949:
4946:
4939:
4852:
4845:
4809:
4796:
4795:
4792:
4783:
4782:
4779:
4744:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4713:
4712:
4699:
4691:
4683:
4675:
4667:
4652:
4651:
4648:
4647:
4637:
4636:
4633:
4632:
4500:Bird collections
4455:Dinornithiformes
4360:Darwin's finches
4350:Origin of flight
4290:Seabird breeding
4280:Sexual selection
4149:
4142:
4135:
4126:
4125:
4102:
4101:
4085:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4071:
4054:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4028:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4008:
4002:
4001:
3983:
3977:
3970:
3964:
3963:
3956:
3950:
3949:
3942:
3936:
3935:
3928:
3922:
3921:
3914:
3908:
3907:
3900:
3894:
3893:
3886:
3880:
3877:
3871:
3870:
3863:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3837:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3826:
3814:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3803:
3788:
3782:
3781:
3763:
3757:
3756:
3724:
3718:
3717:
3701:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3683:
3672:
3666:
3665:
3633:
3627:
3626:
3602:
3596:
3595:
3577:
3571:
3570:
3546:
3540:
3525:
3514:
3491:
3482:
3481:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3414:
3408:
3407:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3378:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3324:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3297:(674): 401â493.
3282:
3276:
3270:
3264:
3263:
3243:
3237:
3225:
3219:
3218:
3190:
3184:
3183:
3165:
3156:
3155:
3145:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3087:
3081:
3080:
3070:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3029:
3020:
3011:
3010:
2984:
2975:
2966:
2965:
2941:
2935:
2934:
2918:
2909:
2908:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2808:
2799:
2793:
2781:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2739:
2733:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2710:
2700:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2658:(4): 1485â1504.
2639:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2607:
2598:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2579:
2559:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2482:on 25 March 2009
2481:
2475:. Archived from
2466:
2438:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2377:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2300:
2291:
2285:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2266:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2241:on 25 March 2009
2240:
2234:. Archived from
2225:
2199:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2157:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2129:on 13 April 2018
2125:. Archived from
2114:
2108:
2107:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2006:
1996:
1972:
1956:
1947:
1922:Don Featherstone
1799:
1757:
1672:
1670:De re coquinaria
1663:
1587:greater flamingo
1573:Chilean flamingo
1536:
1524:
1508:
1437:blue-green algae
1409:
1313:
1302:
1291:
1280:
1269:
1258:
1247:
1232:
1221:
1210:
1199:
1188:
1128:
1106:
1068:
1047:Chilean flamingo
1043:
1013:
992:Greater flamingo
988:
970:
969:
888:Greater flamingo
881:
880:
861:Chilean flamingo
854:
853:
811:James's flamingo
784:
783:
749:
748:
742:
741:
732:
731:
582:
579:
572:
561:
558:
551:
535:(phoinikopteros)
521:
518:
515:
511:
508:
505:
502:
490:
487:
484:
481:
475:
466:
463:
460:
457:
431:
401:Phoenicopteridae
392:) are a type of
391:
390:
387:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
333:
317:
286:
276:
266:
255:
234:
231:Phoenicopteridae
172:
171:
146:
130:
129:
66:
59:Temporal range:
53:
52:
46:Plastic flamingo
21:
18:Phoenicopteridae
6188:
6187:
6183:
6182:
6181:
6179:
6178:
6177:
6153:
6152:
6151:
6146:
6138:
6133:
6125:
6120:
6112:
6107:
6099:
6094:
6086:
6081:
6073:
6068:
6060:
6055:
6047:
6042:
6034:
6029:
6021:
6016:
6008:
6003:
5995:
5990:
5982:
5977:
5969:
5964:
5956:
5951:
5943:
5938:
5930:
5925:
5916:
5915:
5910:
5901:
5900:
5895:
5882:
5872:
5867:
5857:Andean flamingo
5826:
5822:Lesser flamingo
5806:
5801:
5795:
5789:
5783:
5776:
5746:
5741:
5653:
5647:
5639:
5631:
5630:Bucerotiformes
5624:(cuckoo-roller)
5623:
5615:
5607:
5599:
5591:
5583:
5582:Cathartiformes
5568:
5562:
5554:
5553:Psittaciformes
5546:
5538:
5523:
5517:
5516:Pelecaniformes
5509:
5501:
5493:
5485:
5477:
5462:
5456:
5455:Eurypygiformes
5448:
5433:
5427:
5419:
5404:
5398:
5383:
5377:
5359:
5344:
5338:
5330:
5322:
5294:
5288:
5280:
5265:
5259:
5258:Pterocliformes
5251:
5243:
5194:
5183:
5170:
5155:
5079:
5038:
4976:
4941:
4940:
4933:
4932:
4920:
4900:
4873:
4850:
4843:
4803:
4802:
4790:
4789:
4773:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4759:
4757:
4755:
4753:
4751:
4749:
4734:
4732:
4730:
4728:
4726:
4724:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4703:
4697:
4696:Casuariiformes
4689:
4688:Apterygiformes
4681:
4673:
4665:
4642:
4627:
4598:Lists by region
4566:
4476:
4469:
4410:Chaoyangiformes
4395:Jeholornithidae
4369:
4333:Origin of birds
4319:
4300:Brood parasites
4246:
4176:
4163:
4153:
4110:
4105:
4086:
4079:
4069:
4067:
4055:
4051:
4041:
4039:
4038:on 10 July 2012
4030:
4029:
4025:
4017:
4009:
4005:
3998:
3984:
3980:
3971:
3967:
3958:
3957:
3953:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3930:
3929:
3925:
3916:
3915:
3911:
3902:
3901:
3897:
3888:
3887:
3883:
3878:
3874:
3865:
3864:
3860:
3850:
3848:
3839:
3838:
3834:
3824:
3822:
3815:
3811:
3801:
3799:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3778:
3764:
3760:
3745:10.2307/1521484
3725:
3721:
3714:
3692:
3688:
3681:
3673:
3669:
3654:10.2307/1369487
3634:
3630:
3623:
3603:
3599:
3592:
3578:
3574:
3559:10.2307/1522160
3547:
3543:
3526:
3517:
3492:
3485:
3462:
3458:
3448:
3446:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3426:
3424:
3422:Saint Louis Zoo
3416:
3415:
3411:
3404:
3390:
3386:
3376:
3374:
3369:
3368:
3364:
3341:10.2307/2389827
3325:
3321:
3283:
3279:
3271:
3267:
3260:
3244:
3240:
3226:
3222:
3207:10.2307/3247726
3191:
3187:
3180:
3166:
3159:
3128:(5): 20160948.
3122:Biology Letters
3114:
3110:
3100:
3098:
3088:
3084:
3068:
3062:
3058:
3047:
3043:
3027:
3021:
3014:
2999:10.2307/1365355
2982:
2976:
2969:
2942:
2938:
2919:
2912:
2889:
2885:
2850:
2846:
2806:
2800:
2796:
2782:
2778:
2768:
2766:
2740:
2736:
2728:
2724:
2677:
2673:
2640:
2636:
2626:
2624:
2605:
2599:
2592:
2582:
2580:
2557:
2551:
2547:
2499:
2495:
2485:
2483:
2479:
2442:Biology Letters
2436:
2430:
2426:
2395:
2391:
2338:
2334:
2298:
2292:
2288:
2278:
2276:
2264:
2258:
2254:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2202:Biology Letters
2197:
2191:
2187:
2172:10.2307/1366077
2155:
2146:
2142:
2132:
2130:
2115:
2111:
2090:
2086:
2070:
2066:
2049:
2045:
2035:
2033:
2025:
2024:
2020:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1959:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1846:
1800:
1794:
1788:
1758:
1752:
1664:
1660:Natural History
1658:
1633:Natural History
1628:Pliny the Elder
1611:
1606:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1543:
1537:
1528:
1525:
1516:
1509:
1470:
1457:
1400:
1398:
1393:
1367:Wichita, Kansas
1323:
1310:Xenorhynchopsis
1270:(Brodkorb 1953)
1200:(Gervais, 1852)
1110:Andean flamingo
1017:Lesser flamingo
957:
952:
942:
933:
924:
836:
827:
791:Andean flamingo
759:Lesser flamingo
722:
680:
652:presbyornithids
589:
580:
573:
570:
559:
552:
549:
519:
516:
513:
509:
506:
503:
488:
485:
482:
464:
461:
458:
422:
420:
356:
352:
320:Xenorhynchopsis
233:
166:
137:
128:
127:
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
61:
60:
57:
49:
35:
28:
27:Family of birds
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6186:
6176:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6148:
6147:
6145:
6144:
6131:
6118:
6105:
6092:
6079:
6066:
6053:
6040:
6027:
6014:
6001:
5988:
5979:Fauna Europaea
5975:
5962:
5949:
5936:
5923:
5918:Phoenicopterus
5908:
5892:
5890:
5888:Phoenicopterus
5884:
5883:
5869:
5868:
5866:
5865:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5838:
5836:
5833:Phoenicopterus
5828:
5827:
5825:
5824:
5818:
5816:
5808:
5807:
5775:
5774:
5767:
5760:
5752:
5743:
5742:
5740:
5739:
5727:
5715:
5703:
5690:
5687:
5686:
5683:
5682:
5679:
5678:
5675:
5674:
5671:
5670:
5667:
5666:
5663:
5662:
5659:
5658:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5643:
5638:Coraciiformes
5635:
5627:
5619:
5614:Trogoniformes
5611:
5603:
5595:
5587:
5578:
5576:
5570:
5569:
5567:
5566:
5561:Passeriformes
5558:
5550:
5545:Falconiformes
5542:
5537:Cariamiformes
5533:
5531:
5525:
5524:
5522:
5521:
5513:
5505:
5500:Ciconiiformes
5497:
5489:
5481:
5472:
5470:
5464:
5463:
5461:
5460:
5452:
5443:
5441:
5435:
5434:
5432:
5431:
5423:
5414:
5412:
5410:Cursorimorphae
5406:
5405:
5403:
5402:
5393:
5391:
5385:
5384:
5382:
5381:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5354:
5352:
5346:
5345:
5343:
5342:
5334:
5326:
5317:
5315:
5306:
5300:
5299:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5292:
5284:
5275:
5273:
5271:Mirandornithes
5267:
5266:
5264:
5263:
5255:
5247:
5242:Columbiformes
5238:
5236:
5234:Columbimorphae
5227:
5218:
5208:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5200:
5199:
5196:
5195:
5193:
5192:
5187:
5179:
5174:
5169:Meleagridinae
5165:
5163:
5157:
5156:
5154:
5153:
5146:
5139:
5132:
5125:
5118:
5111:
5104:
5097:
5089:
5087:
5085:Odontophoridae
5081:
5080:
5078:
5077:
5070:
5063:
5056:
5048:
5046:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5036:
5029:
5022:
5015:
5008:
5001:
4994:
4986:
4984:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4958:
4956:
4947:
4926:
4925:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4910:
4908:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4898:
4891:
4883:
4881:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4871:
4866:
4864:Stictonettinae
4861:
4859:Dendrocygninae
4856:
4855:
4854:
4847:
4835:
4834:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4812:
4810:
4793:
4780:
4737:
4709:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4701:
4693:
4685:
4677:
4669:
4660:
4658:
4644:
4643:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4624:
4623:
4618:
4612:Notable birds
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4574:
4572:
4568:
4567:
4565:
4564:
4562:Egg collecting
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4513:
4512:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4481:
4479:
4471:
4470:
4468:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4445:Hesperornithes
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4420:Ambiortiformes
4417:
4412:
4407:
4405:Enantiornithes
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4379:
4377:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4346:
4345:
4340:
4329:
4327:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4256:
4254:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4208:
4207:
4197:
4192:
4186:
4184:
4178:
4177:
4175:
4174:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4152:
4151:
4144:
4137:
4129:
4123:
4122:
4116:
4109:
4108:External links
4106:
4104:
4103:
4077:
4049:
4023:
4003:
3997:978-0500018026
3996:
3978:
3965:
3951:
3937:
3923:
3909:
3895:
3881:
3872:
3858:
3847:. 26 July 2010
3832:
3809:
3796:Basler Zeitung
3783:
3776:
3758:
3739:(2): 216â221.
3719:
3712:
3686:
3667:
3648:(3): 809â812.
3628:
3622:978-0312253776
3621:
3597:
3590:
3572:
3541:
3515:
3483:
3472:(5): 501â507.
3456:
3434:
3409:
3402:
3384:
3362:
3335:(3): 343â350.
3319:
3277:
3265:
3258:
3238:
3220:
3201:(4): 916â925.
3185:
3178:
3157:
3108:
3082:
3056:
3041:
3012:
2993:(4): 289â299.
2967:
2956:(2): 117â126.
2936:
2910:
2883:
2864:(3): 609â618.
2844:
2817:(4): 515â542.
2794:
2776:
2734:
2722:
2671:
2634:
2590:
2570:(2): 157â169.
2545:
2493:
2449:(4): 543â547.
2424:
2405:(1): 140â151.
2389:
2332:
2305:(3386): 1â11.
2286:
2252:
2208:(2): 275â278.
2185:
2166:(2): 155â179.
2140:
2109:
2084:
2064:
2043:
2031:Dictionary.com
2018:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1918:lawn ornaments
1910:
1900:
1889:
1873:
1845:
1842:
1792:
1750:
1697:
1696:
1693:
1686:
1656:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1560:
1557:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1538:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1519:
1517:
1510:
1503:
1469:
1466:
1456:
1453:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1306:
1295:
1284:
1273:
1262:
1251:
1244:Phoeniconotius
1240:
1225:
1214:
1203:
1192:
1174:
1173:
1139:
1129:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1107:
1099:
1098:
1081:High Andes in
1079:
1069:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1044:
1036:
1035:
1024:
1014:
1006:
1005:
1002:
999:
989:
981:
980:
977:
974:
961:Phoenicopterus
956:
953:
949:
948:
944:
943:
939:
938:
935:
934:
930:
929:
926:
925:
921:
920:
917:
916:
904:
901:
900:
897:
896:
884:
879:
877:
874:
873:
870:
869:
857:
852:
850:
847:Phoenicopterus
842:
841:
838:
837:
833:
832:
829:
828:
824:
823:
820:
819:
807:
804:
803:
800:
799:
787:
782:
780:
777:Phoenicoparrus
772:
771:
768:
767:
755:
747:
745:
740:
738:
730:
721:
718:
714:Mirandornithes
690:and flamingos.
679:
676:
630:Charles Sibley
598:Phoenicopterus
595:in 1831, with
588:
585:
565:Phoenicoparrus
526:, is from
524:Phoenicopterus
419:
416:
340:
339:
335:
334:
326:
325:
324:
323:
313:
310:Phoenicoparrus
306:
299:
296:Phoenicopterus
292:
289:Phoeniconotius
282:
272:
262:
248:
247:
241:
240:
228:
224:
223:
218:
214:
213:
208:
204:
203:
198:
194:
193:
188:
184:
183:
178:
174:
173:
160:
159:
148:
147:
139:
138:
123:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
58:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6185:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6160:
6158:
6141:
6136:
6132:
6128:
6123:
6119:
6115:
6110:
6106:
6102:
6097:
6093:
6089:
6084:
6080:
6076:
6071:
6067:
6063:
6058:
6054:
6050:
6045:
6041:
6037:
6032:
6028:
6024:
6019:
6015:
6011:
6006:
6002:
5998:
5993:
5989:
5985:
5980:
5976:
5972:
5967:
5963:
5959:
5954:
5950:
5946:
5941:
5937:
5933:
5928:
5924:
5919:
5913:
5909:
5904:
5898:
5894:
5893:
5891:
5889:
5885:
5881:
5876:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5839:
5837:
5835:
5834:
5829:
5823:
5820:
5819:
5817:
5815:
5814:
5813:Phoeniconaias
5809:
5804:
5798:
5792:
5786:
5780:
5773:
5768:
5766:
5761:
5759:
5754:
5753:
5750:
5738:
5737:
5728:
5726:
5725:
5720:
5716:
5714:
5713:
5704:
5702:
5701:
5692:
5691:
5688:
5650:
5644:
5642:
5636:
5634:
5628:
5626:
5620:
5618:
5612:
5610:
5604:
5602:
5598:Strigiformes
5596:
5594:
5588:
5586:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5575:
5571:
5565:
5559:
5557:
5551:
5549:
5543:
5541:
5535:
5534:
5532:
5530:
5526:
5520:
5514:
5512:
5506:
5504:
5498:
5496:
5490:
5488:
5482:
5480:
5474:
5473:
5471:
5469:
5465:
5459:
5453:
5451:
5449:(tropicbirds)
5445:
5444:
5442:
5440:
5436:
5430:
5424:
5422:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5411:
5407:
5401:
5395:
5394:
5392:
5390:
5386:
5380:
5374:
5372:
5371:Podargiformes
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5356:
5355:
5353:
5351:
5347:
5341:
5335:
5333:
5327:
5325:
5321:Cuculiformes
5319:
5318:
5316:
5314:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5301:
5291:
5285:
5283:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5272:
5268:
5262:
5256:
5254:
5248:
5246:
5240:
5239:
5237:
5235:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5213:
5209:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5167:
5166:
5164:
5162:
5158:
5152:
5151:
5147:
5145:
5144:
5140:
5138:
5137:
5133:
5131:
5130:
5126:
5124:
5123:
5119:
5117:
5116:
5112:
5110:
5109:
5105:
5103:
5102:
5098:
5096:
5095:
5091:
5090:
5088:
5086:
5082:
5076:
5075:
5071:
5069:
5068:
5064:
5062:
5061:
5057:
5055:
5054:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5045:
5041:
5035:
5034:
5030:
5028:
5027:
5023:
5021:
5020:
5019:Macrocephalon
5016:
5014:
5013:
5009:
5007:
5006:
5002:
5000:
4999:
4995:
4993:
4992:
4988:
4987:
4985:
4983:
4979:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4959:
4957:
4955:
4951:
4948:
4944:
4937:
4931:
4927:
4917:
4916:
4912:
4911:
4909:
4907:
4906:Anseranatidae
4903:
4897:
4896:
4892:
4890:
4889:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4880:
4876:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4853:
4848:
4846:
4841:
4840:
4839:
4836:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4818:
4817:
4814:
4813:
4811:
4807:
4801:
4797:
4794:
4788:
4784:
4781:
4777:
4771:
4745:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4714:
4710:
4700:
4694:
4692:
4686:
4684:
4680:Tinamiformes
4678:
4676:
4670:
4668:
4662:
4661:
4659:
4657:
4656:Palaeognathae
4653:
4649:
4645:
4638:
4634:
4630:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4575:
4573:
4569:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4542:Pigeon racing
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4478:
4472:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4384:Archaeopteryx
4381:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4372:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4334:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4326:
4322:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4249:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4206:
4203:
4202:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4187:
4185:
4183:
4179:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4166:
4161:
4157:
4150:
4145:
4143:
4138:
4136:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4099:
4095:
4091:
4084:
4082:
4066:
4065:
4060:
4053:
4037:
4033:
4027:
4016:
4015:
4007:
3999:
3993:
3989:
3982:
3975:
3969:
3961:
3955:
3947:
3941:
3933:
3927:
3919:
3913:
3905:
3899:
3891:
3885:
3876:
3868:
3862:
3846:
3842:
3836:
3820:
3813:
3797:
3793:
3787:
3779:
3777:9780688094119
3773:
3769:
3762:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3730:
3723:
3715:
3709:
3705:
3700:
3699:
3690:
3680:
3679:
3671:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3632:
3624:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3609:
3601:
3593:
3587:
3583:
3576:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3545:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3503:9780862992668
3500:
3496:
3490:
3488:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3460:
3444:
3438:
3423:
3419:
3413:
3405:
3403:9780688094119
3399:
3395:
3388:
3372:
3366:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3323:
3313:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3281:
3275:
3269:
3261:
3255:
3251:
3250:
3242:
3235:
3234:
3233:Wichita Eagle
3229:
3224:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3189:
3181:
3179:9780688094119
3175:
3171:
3164:
3162:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3112:
3097:
3093:
3086:
3078:
3074:
3067:
3060:
3052:
3045:
3037:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3017:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2981:
2974:
2972:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2940:
2933:(1): 207â225.
2932:
2928:
2924:
2917:
2915:
2906:
2902:
2899:(2): 95â104.
2898:
2894:
2887:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2848:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2805:
2798:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2738:
2732:
2726:
2718:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2675:
2666:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2647:
2638:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2595:
2578:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2564:
2556:
2549:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2497:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2443:
2435:
2428:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2393:
2385:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2336:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2297:
2290:
2274:
2270:
2263:
2256:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2154:
2150:
2144:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2113:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2088:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2068:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2047:
2032:
2028:
2022:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1971:
1967:
1954:
1953:
1946:
1942:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1893:national bird
1890:
1888:
1886:
1881:
1878:
1874:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1797:
1791:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1776:
1774:
1769:
1767:
1763:
1756:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1701:
1694:
1691:
1688:230: boiled;
1687:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1671:
1661:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1620:
1615:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1565:
1555:
1542:
1535:
1530:
1523:
1518:
1514:
1507:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1479:
1474:
1465:
1462:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1422:
1421:Massachusetts
1418:
1414:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1374:beta-carotene
1370:
1368:
1364:
1363:wing clipping
1359:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1335:
1327:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1303:(Miller 1944)
1301:
1300:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1259:(Miller 1963)
1257:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1222:(De Vis 1905)
1220:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1026:Africa (e.g.
1025:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1003:
997:
993:
990:
987:
983:
982:
975:
972:
971:
968:
966:
962:
946:
945:
937:
936:
928:
927:
919:
918:
915:
913:
909:
903:
902:
899:
898:
895:
893:
889:
883:
882:
876:
875:
872:
871:
868:
866:
862:
856:
855:
849:
848:
844:
843:
840:
839:
831:
830:
822:
821:
818:
816:
812:
806:
805:
802:
801:
798:
796:
792:
786:
785:
779:
778:
774:
773:
770:
769:
766:
764:
760:
754:
753:Phoeniconaias
751:
750:
744:
743:
737:
734:
733:
729:
727:
717:
715:
712:
708:
703:
701:
697:
689:
684:
675:
673:
669:
665:
662:, along with
661:
657:
653:
649:
648:
644:of the genus
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
612:, probably a
611:
610:Ciconiiformes
606:
604:
600:
599:
594:
584:
577:
568:
566:
556:
547:
545:
544:Phoeniconaias
540:
536:
533:ÏÎżÎčÎœÎčÎșÏÏÏΔÏÎżÏ
532:
529:
528:Ancient Greek
525:
501:
496:
495:
480:
474:
470:
462:flame-colored
456:
452:
448:
444:
436:
415:
412:
410:
406:
402:
399:
395:
389:
350:
346:
336:
332:
327:
322:
321:
314:
312:
311:
307:
305:
304:
303:Phoeniconaias
300:
298:
297:
293:
291:
290:
283:
281:
280:
273:
271:
270:
269:Harrisonarvis
263:
260:
259:
252:
251:
249:
246:
242:
237:
232:
229:
226:
225:
222:
219:
216:
215:
212:
209:
206:
205:
202:
199:
196:
195:
192:
189:
186:
185:
182:
179:
176:
175:
170:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
140:
134:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
65:
54:
51:
47:
43:
41:
40:Pink Flamingo
33:
19:
5887:
5831:
5811:
5778:
5734:
5722:
5710:
5698:
5608:(mousebirds)
5606:Coliiformes
5476:Gaviiformes
5468:Aequornithes
5376:Apodiformes
5337:Otidiformes
5313:Otidimorphae
5278:
5260:(sandgrouse)
5182:Phasianinae
5148:
5141:
5134:
5129:Odontophorus
5127:
5120:
5113:
5106:
5099:
5092:
5072:
5065:
5058:
5051:
5031:
5024:
5017:
5010:
5003:
4996:
4989:
4967:Oreophasinae
4913:
4893:
4886:
4791:(waterfowls)
4787:Anseriformes
4537:Cockfighting
4522:Conservation
4517:Bird feeding
4505:Birdwatching
4495:Ornithomancy
4435:Gansuiformes
4382:
4375:Fossil birds
4265:Intelligence
4097:
4093:
4068:. Retrieved
4062:
4052:
4040:. Retrieved
4036:the original
4026:
4013:
4006:
3987:
3981:
3973:
3968:
3954:
3940:
3926:
3912:
3898:
3884:
3875:
3861:
3849:. Retrieved
3844:
3835:
3823:. Retrieved
3812:
3800:. Retrieved
3795:
3786:
3767:
3761:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3722:
3697:
3689:
3677:
3670:
3645:
3641:
3631:
3607:
3600:
3581:
3575:
3550:
3544:
3528:
3494:
3469:
3465:
3459:
3447:. Retrieved
3437:
3425:. Retrieved
3421:
3412:
3393:
3387:
3375:. Retrieved
3365:
3332:
3328:
3322:
3294:
3290:
3280:
3268:
3248:
3241:
3231:
3223:
3198:
3194:
3188:
3169:
3125:
3121:
3111:
3099:. Retrieved
3095:
3085:
3076:
3072:
3059:
3050:
3044:
3035:
3031:
2990:
2986:
2953:
2949:
2939:
2930:
2926:
2896:
2892:
2886:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2847:
2814:
2810:
2797:
2787:
2779:
2767:. Retrieved
2747:
2737:
2725:
2688:
2684:
2674:
2655:
2651:
2645:
2637:
2625:. Retrieved
2613:
2609:
2581:. Retrieved
2567:
2561:
2548:
2507:
2503:
2496:
2484:. Retrieved
2477:the original
2446:
2440:
2427:
2402:
2398:
2392:
2349:
2345:
2335:
2302:
2289:
2277:. Retrieved
2272:
2268:
2255:
2243:. Retrieved
2236:the original
2205:
2201:
2188:
2163:
2159:
2143:
2131:. Retrieved
2127:the original
2122:
2112:
2094:
2087:
2077:
2067:
2056:
2046:
2034:. Retrieved
2030:
2021:
1984:
1980:
1970:
1950:
1945:
1907:tuberculosis
1883:
1859:, Lima, Peru
1857:Larco Museum
1821:nightingales
1818:
1813:prophylactic
1802:
1795:
1789:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1771:
1760:
1754:
1712:
1703:
1698:
1683:wood pigeons
1674:
1666:
1659:
1639:
1631:
1624:
1619:Bardo Museum
1599:
1591:Adelaide Zoo
1581:
1570:
1559:In captivity
1497:
1482:
1475:
1471:
1458:
1450:
1433:brine shrimp
1426:
1386:
1382:
1371:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1347:RĂo Lagartos
1308:
1297:
1286:
1275:
1264:
1253:
1242:
1234:
1227:
1216:
1205:
1196:Harrisonavis
1194:
1182:
1177:
1135:
1113:
1075:
1050:
1020:
995:
960:
958:
911:
906:
891:
886:
864:
859:
845:
814:
809:
794:
789:
775:
762:
757:
752:
723:
704:
693:
645:
642:feather lice
614:paraphyletic
607:
596:
590:
569:which means
563:
553:crimson/red
548:which means
542:
534:
531:
523:
492:
442:
440:
413:
409:Afro-Eurasia
400:
348:
344:
343:
318:
308:
301:
294:
287:
277:
267:
256:
230:
155:
50:
39:
6018:iNaturalist
5912:Wikispecies
5736:WikiProject
5646:Piciformes
5529:Australaves
5508:Suliformes
5426:Gruiformes
5281:(flamingos)
5190:Tetraoninae
5161:Phasianidae
5150:Rhynchortyx
5115:Dactylortyx
4982:Megapodidae
4972:Penelopinae
4930:Galliformes
4672:Rheiformes
4666:(ostriches)
4616:individuals
4490:Ornithology
4477:interaction
4232:Preen gland
4032:"Flamingos"
3466:Zoo Biology
3449:22 February
3427:22 February
3317:, page 409.
3079:(2): 77â82.
3053:(124): 1â4.
2769:18 December
2748:www.hbw.com
2486:15 November
2133:15 November
1930:Miami Beach
1897:the Bahamas
1798:71, Book 13
1796:Epigrammata
1753:Suetonius,
1541:Lake Nakuru
1442:carotenoids
1429:filter-feed
1321:Description
1314:De Vis 1905
1292:Miller 1963
1281:Howard 1955
1248:Miller 1963
1207:Leakeyornis
1160:, northern
1148:, southern
700:palaelodids
638:parasitized
555:water nymph
445:comes from
394:wading bird
279:Leakeyornis
6157:Categories
5486:(penguins)
5339:(bustards)
5177:Perdicinae
5122:Dendrortyx
5094:Callipepla
5026:Megapodius
4991:Aepypodius
4869:Tadorninae
4851:true geese
4682:(tinamous)
4641:Neornithes
4552:Pheasantry
4527:Aviculture
4295:Incubation
4285:Lek mating
4070:9 February
3825:31 January
3642:The Condor
3537:140813750X
3195:The Condor
3101:9 December
3038:: 199â205.
2987:The Condor
2789:News-Press
2583:3 November
2279:3 November
2245:31 October
2053:"flamingo"
1987:(36): 36.
1963:References
1805:Elagabalus
1552:See also:
1478:pair bonds
1468:Life cycle
1156:, coastal
1056:New World
1001:Old World
668:sandgrouse
622:spoonbills
603:type genus
557:(or naiad)
447:Portuguese
349:flamingoes
62:25â0
6163:Flamingos
5779:Flamingos
5555:(parrots)
5399:(hoatzin)
5350:Strisores
5331:(turacos)
5323:(cuckoos)
5252:(mesites)
5171:(turkeys)
5143:Philortyx
5060:Agelastes
5053:Acryllium
5044:Numididae
5033:Talegalla
4943:gamebirds
4936:landfowls
4915:Anseranas
4879:Anhimidae
4838:Anserinae
4621:fictional
4343:dinosaurs
4338:Theropoda
4325:Evolution
4270:Migration
4252:Behaviour
3529:Flamingos
3511:246861013
3495:Flamingos
3373:. Pbs.org
2764:226397475
2691:(1): 36.
2627:12 August
2622:1098-660X
2616:: 59â64.
2319:2246/2875
1833:partridge
1723:pheasants
1706:Vitellius
1700:Suetonius
1595:Australia
1577:Zoo Basel
1489:prolactin
1485:crop milk
1413:Stone Zoo
1233:Cheneval
1166:Venezuela
1142:Caribbean
1095:Argentina
726:cladogram
720:Phylogeny
656:waterfowl
647:Anaticola
634:waterfowl
469:Provençal
441:The name
418:Etymology
345:Flamingos
236:Bonaparte
187:Kingdom:
181:Eukaryota
156:P. jamesi
133:Oligocene
56:Flamingos
5958:45511320
5897:Wikidata
5700:Category
5574:Afroaves
5502:(storks)
5304:Passerea
5289:(grebes)
5225:Columbea
5136:Oreortyx
5108:Cyrtonyx
4998:Alectura
4962:Cracinae
4954:Cracidae
4831:Oxyurini
4821:Aythyini
4816:Anatinae
4800:Anatidae
4547:Falconry
4510:big year
4365:Seabirds
4275:Foraging
4222:Feathers
4042:30 March
3802:21 March
3768:Flamingo
3394:Flamingo
3377:30 March
3357:87349325
3170:Flamingo
3152:28539457
3096:BBC News
2878:18198929
2831:16221327
2717:24580860
2648:: Aves)"
2532:18583609
2473:17148284
2419:15022765
2384:25504713
2327:59147935
2275:(3): 587
2232:17148381
2104:2246/830
2075:(1831).
2013:24580860
1793:â
1751:â
1735:triremes
1731:lampreys
1727:peacocks
1704:Life of
1657:â
1652:epicures
1446:plankton
1417:Stoneham
1158:Colombia
1030:) to NW
660:Columbea
500:flamenco
455:flamengo
443:flamingo
433:Captive
227:Family:
201:Chordata
197:Phylum:
191:Animalia
177:Domain:
135:â Recent
6135:ZooBank
6036:1095184
6010:2481102
5793:·
5712:Commons
5216:Neoaves
5101:Colinus
5067:Guttera
5005:Eulipoa
4826:Mergini
4690:(kiwis)
4674:(rheas)
4485:Ringing
4310:Hybrids
4305:Nesting
4260:Singing
4237:Plumage
4212:Dactyly
4182:Anatomy
4172:Outline
4162:: Aves)
3851:13 July
3753:1521484
3662:1369487
3567:1522160
3349:2389827
3299:Bibcode
3215:3247726
3143:5454233
3007:1365355
2893:Ostrich
2839:9256162
2708:4016592
2540:6472805
2512:Bibcode
2504:Science
2464:1834003
2375:4405904
2354:Bibcode
2346:Science
2223:1618896
2180:1366077
2004:4016592
1926:Florida
1835:-eggs,
1829:mullets
1825:viscera
1766:epigram
1762:Martial
1743:Spanish
1741:to the
1739:Parthia
1719:Minerva
1648:Apicius
1583:Greater
1513:arcuate
1396:Feeding
1378:Captive
1184:Elornis
1150:Florida
1091:Bolivia
976:Species
955:Species
672:mesites
624:of the
601:as the
539:crimson
537: '
517:Flemish
507:Fleming
473:flamenc
451:Spanish
437:feeding
396:in the
258:Elornis
217:Order:
207:Class:
6127:206327
6088:443649
6049:174975
5971:1PHNIG
5903:Q41994
5796:family
5724:Portal
5600:(owls)
5074:Numida
5012:Leipoa
4895:Chauna
4888:Anhima
4583:Genera
4557:Imping
4475:Human
4315:Colony
4242:Vision
4227:Flight
3994:
3774:
3751:
3710:
3660:
3619:
3588:
3565:
3535:
3509:
3501:
3400:
3355:
3347:
3256:
3213:
3176:
3150:
3140:
3005:
2876:
2837:
2829:
2762:
2715:
2705:
2620:
2538:
2530:
2471:
2461:
2417:
2382:
2372:
2325:
2230:
2220:
2178:
2160:Condor
2011:
2001:
1903:Andean
1837:thrush
1809:camels
1746:strait
1690:parrot
1237:. 1991
1162:Brazil
1154:Belize
1146:Mexico
709:, the
696:grebes
688:grebes
670:, and
618:ibises
562:, and
398:family
245:Genera
238:, 1831
6122:WoRMS
6109:Plazi
6101:39594
6031:IRMNG
5984:96677
5784:order
4844:swans
4806:ducks
4776:fowls
4571:Lists
4195:Brain
4160:class
4156:Birds
4018:(PDF)
3749:JSTOR
3682:(PDF)
3658:JSTOR
3613:524â7
3563:JSTOR
3353:S2CID
3345:JSTOR
3211:JSTOR
3069:(PDF)
3028:(PDF)
3003:JSTOR
2983:(PDF)
2874:S2CID
2835:S2CID
2807:(PDF)
2760:S2CID
2606:(PDF)
2558:(PDF)
2536:S2CID
2480:(PDF)
2437:(PDF)
2323:S2CID
2299:(PDF)
2265:(PDF)
2239:(PDF)
2198:(PDF)
2176:JSTOR
2156:(PDF)
2036:1 May
1937:Notes
1866:Moche
1853:Moche
1844:Other
1773:Latin
1641:Latin
1423:, USA
1235:et al
1087:Chile
1032:India
973:Image
711:taxon
707:clade
664:doves
530:
486:flame
479:flama
131:Late
6075:9216
6070:NCBI
6044:ITIS
6023:4256
6005:GBIF
5966:EPPO
5945:6NVS
5932:3393
5927:BOLD
4217:Eggs
4205:milk
4200:Crop
4190:Beak
4072:2010
4044:2013
3992:ISBN
3853:2020
3827:2014
3804:2010
3772:ISBN
3708:ISBN
3617:ISBN
3586:ISBN
3533:ISBN
3507:OCLC
3499:ISBN
3451:2021
3429:2021
3398:ISBN
3379:2013
3254:ISBN
3174:ISBN
3148:PMID
3103:2009
2827:PMID
2771:2019
2713:PMID
2629:2009
2618:ISSN
2585:2009
2528:PMID
2488:2009
2469:PMID
2415:PMID
2380:PMID
2281:2009
2247:2009
2228:PMID
2135:2009
2038:2022
2009:PMID
1875:The
1870:Peru
1725:and
1715:Rome
1435:and
1168:and
1093:and
1083:Peru
724:The
620:and
576:omen
494:-ing
211:Aves
70:Preê
6057:NBN
5953:EoL
5940:CoL
3845:BBC
3741:doi
3731:".
3704:271
3650:doi
3555:doi
3474:doi
3337:doi
3307:doi
3295:240
3203:doi
3138:PMC
3130:doi
3036:264
2995:doi
2958:doi
2901:doi
2866:doi
2819:doi
2752:doi
2703:PMC
2693:doi
2660:doi
2656:196
2572:doi
2568:140
2520:doi
2508:320
2459:PMC
2451:doi
2407:doi
2370:PMC
2362:doi
2350:346
2315:hdl
2307:doi
2269:Auk
2218:PMC
2210:doi
2168:doi
2100:hdl
1999:PMC
1989:doi
1895:of
1880:Set
1827:of
1593:in
1575:at
1431:on
1415:in
965:HBW
640:by
512:or
449:or
347:or
6159::
6137::
6124::
6111::
6098::
6085::
6072::
6059::
6046::
6033::
6020::
6007::
5994::
5981::
5968::
5955::
5942::
5929::
5914::
5899::
5799::
5787::
4098:68
4096:.
4092:.
4080:^
4061:.
3843:.
3747:.
3737:18
3735:.
3706:.
3656:.
3646:96
3644:.
3640:.
3615:.
3561:.
3518:^
3505:.
3486:^
3470:13
3468:.
3420:.
3351:.
3343:.
3331:.
3305:.
3293:.
3289:.
3230:,
3209:.
3199:93
3197:.
3160:^
3146:.
3136:.
3126:13
3124:.
3120:.
3094:.
3077:56
3075:.
3071:.
3034:.
3030:.
3015:^
3001:.
2991:65
2989:.
2985:.
2970:^
2952:.
2948:.
2931:25
2929:.
2925:.
2913:^
2897:54
2895:.
2872:.
2862:15
2860:.
2833:.
2825:.
2815:80
2813:.
2809:.
2786:,
2758:.
2750:.
2746:.
2711:.
2701:.
2689:14
2687:.
2683:.
2654:.
2650:.
2612:.
2608:.
2593:^
2566:.
2560:.
2534:.
2526:.
2518:.
2506:.
2467:.
2457:.
2445:.
2439:.
2413:.
2403:30
2401:.
2378:.
2368:.
2360:.
2348:.
2344:.
2321:.
2313:.
2301:.
2273:93
2271:.
2267:.
2226:.
2216:.
2204:.
2200:.
2174:.
2164:71
2162:.
2158:.
2121:.
2055:.
2029:.
2007:.
1997:.
1985:14
1983:.
1979:.
1815::
1775::
1709::
1643::
1636::
1419:,
1187:?
1172:.
1164:,
1152:,
1138:)
1116:)
1097:.
1089:,
1085:,
1078:)
1053:)
1023:)
998:)
967:.
914:)
894:)
867:)
817:)
797:)
765:)
674:.
666:,
605:.
583:.
411:.
382:oÊ
158:)
120:Pg
64:Ma
5805:)
5781:(
5771:e
5764:t
5757:v
4945:)
4938:-
4934:(
4808:)
4804:(
4778:)
4774:(
4770:e
4768:a
4766:r
4764:e
4762:s
4760:n
4758:a
4756:o
4754:l
4752:l
4750:a
4748:G
4735:e
4733:a
4731:h
4729:t
4727:a
4725:n
4723:g
4721:o
4719:e
4717:N
4158:(
4148:e
4141:t
4134:v
4074:.
4046:.
4000:.
3962:.
3948:.
3934:.
3920:.
3906:.
3892:.
3869:.
3855:.
3829:.
3806:.
3780:.
3755:.
3743::
3716:.
3664:.
3652::
3625:.
3594:.
3569:.
3557::
3539:.
3513:.
3480:.
3476::
3453:.
3431:.
3406:.
3381:.
3359:.
3339::
3333:8
3315:.
3309::
3301::
3262:.
3217:.
3205::
3182:.
3154:.
3132::
3105:.
3009:.
2997::
2964:.
2960::
2954:6
2907:.
2903::
2880:.
2868::
2841:.
2821::
2773:.
2754::
2719:.
2695::
2668:.
2662::
2631:.
2614:3
2587:.
2574::
2542:.
2522::
2514::
2490:.
2453::
2447:2
2421:.
2409::
2386:.
2364::
2356::
2329:.
2317::
2309::
2283:.
2249:.
2212::
2206:2
2182:.
2170::
2137:.
2106:.
2102::
2061:.
2040:.
2015:.
1991::
1955:.
1909:.
1899:.
1887:.
1748:.
1673:(
1621:)
1134:(
1112:(
1074:(
1049:(
1019:(
994:(
910:(
890:(
863:(
813:(
793:(
761:(
581:'
578:)
571:'
567:,
560:'
550:'
546:,
520:'
514:'
510:'
504:'
489:'
483:'
465:'
459:'
388:/
385:z
379:ÉĄ
376:Ć
373:ÉȘ
370:m
367:Ë
364:É
361:l
358:f
355:/
351:(
316:â
285:â
275:â
265:â
261:?
254:â
154:(
125:N
115:K
110:J
105:T
100:P
95:C
90:D
85:S
80:O
75:ê
48:.
42:s
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
