201:
31:
187:
517:
55:
242:
with some varieties in the more northern regions of North
America and Eurasia. Most pierid butterflies are white, yellow, or orange in coloration, often with black spots. The pigments that give the distinct coloring to these butterflies are derived from waste products in the body and are a
305:
The
Pieridae have the radial vein on the forewing with three or four branches and rarely with five branches. The forelegs are well developed in both sexes, unlike in the
691:
Braby, M., R. Vila, and N. E. Pierce. 2006. Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the
Pieridae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea: higher classification and biogeography.
805:
425:
study of Braby et al. (2005), sister group relationships among
Pieridae subfamilies are ((Dismorphiinae + Pseudopontiinae) + (Coliadinae + Pierinae)).
2863:
2902:
709:
A New
Subspecies of Eurema andersoni (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from South India, O YATA, H GAONKAR - Entomological science, 1999 - ci.nii.ac.jp
2976:
789:
2837:
2876:
832:
369:(55 genera), whites, yellows, and orange-tips; many of these species are strongly migratory. Host plants are in the families
2881:
703:
611:
411:, which was formerly considered monotypic. Its type species—formerly the sole species in this subfamily—
2816:
2986:
2907:
2829:
200:
2649:
2889:
763:
443:
753:
2971:
2746:
2713:
2644:
778:
2751:
624:
30:
2917:
825:
54:
654:
Braby, M. F. (2005). "Provisional checklist of genera of the
Pieridae (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)".
186:
422:
329:
250:
The name "butterfly" is believed to have originated from a member of this family, the brimstone,
2943:
684:
Braby, M. F. 2005. Provisional checklist of genera of the
Pieridae (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae).
2981:
2666:
479:
516:
2938:
2868:
2221:
785:
434:
413:
244:
131:
2930:
2785:
1091:
1083:
1074:
818:
328:
held at an angle by a silk girdle, but running at the first abdominal segment, unlike the
8:
2237:
2012:
2004:
795:
726:
2728:
577:
DeVries P. J. in Levin S.A. (ed) 2001 The
Encyclopaedia of Biodiversity. Academic Press.
2704:
452:
235:
49:
2966:
2925:
2772:
1582:
699:
636:
607:
392:
356:
333:
310:
252:
239:
336:
that belong to this family do not shows the presence of this abdominal silk girdle.
2777:
2563:
2054:
1613:
663:
547:
531:
521:
508:
488:
272:
219:
629:
Westwood (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), a unique and little-known butterfly from Mexico"
2132:
1808:
1685:
1561:
1553:
1519:
1493:
1485:
1152:
1123:
1117:
1108:
919:
913:
901:
402:
359:; this group includes several mimetic species. The host plants are in the family
287:
192:
152:
40:
2894:
2718:
259:
The sexes usually differ, often in the pattern or number of the black markings.
2824:
2811:
2353:
2140:
1818:
1743:
1709:
1667:
1592:
1577:
1220:
698:
Carter, David. 2000. Butterflies and Moths (2/ed). Dorling
Kindersley, London.
470:
461:
810:
2960:
2581:
2506:
2414:
2361:
2340:
2332:
2203:
2083:
2075:
1795:
1677:
1672:
1662:
1441:
1433:
1420:
1412:
1383:
1344:
1212:
1157:
1144:
1135:
1060:
1052:
1043:
1005:
999:
987:
757:
667:
640:
370:
352:
206:
147:
116:
2689:
2600:
2568:
2550:
2498:
2430:
2390:
2190:
2182:
2148:
2033:
2025:
1846:
1836:
1823:
1777:
1769:
1756:
1748:
1735:
1693:
1654:
1644:
1621:
1600:
1569:
1532:
1524:
1511:
1391:
1339:
885:
539:
407:
382:
374:
318:
294:
278:
256:, which was called the "butter-coloured fly" by early British naturalists.
171:
2850:
2738:
2698:
2558:
2516:
2440:
2435:
2406:
2374:
2269:
2210:
2046:
1970:
1962:
1949:
1941:
1912:
1862:
1787:
1701:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1608:
1399:
1334:
1262:
1241:
1233:
1183:
962:
956:
944:
842:
747:
378:
306:
267:
223:
106:
742:
2624:
2532:
2524:
2477:
2461:
2448:
2422:
2398:
2382:
2303:
2290:
2282:
2261:
2253:
2169:
2161:
2104:
2096:
2062:
1920:
1854:
1841:
1813:
1800:
1722:
1349:
1291:
1196:
388:
162:
2764:
314:
2855:
2798:
2576:
2482:
2319:
2311:
2229:
1904:
1891:
1875:
1727:
1717:
1503:
1370:
1362:
1318:
1204:
873:
861:
345:
86:
66:
2842:
2660:
2803:
2759:
2683:
2469:
1991:
1983:
1928:
1883:
1540:
1458:
1326:
1191:
1174:
1027:
879:
366:
360:
283:
157:
2490:
2122:
2114:
1831:
768:
231:
2540:
867:
855:
227:
96:
76:
602:
Borror, D. J.; Triplehorn, C. A. & Johnson, N. F. (1989).
332:
girdle seen in the
Papilionidae. But some species such as the
399:, have wing patterns that are visible only under ultraviolet.
325:
263:
2790:
391:(14 genera), sulphurs or yellows; many of these species are
2264:(gossamer-winged butterflies: blues, coppers and relatives)
2485:(daggers, sallows, owlet moths, quakers, cutworms, darts)
243:
characteristic of this family. The family was created by
625:"The natural history, sociobiology, and ethnobiology of
2472:(underwing, tiger, tussock, litter, snout, owlet moths)
606:(6th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders College Publishers.
297:
behavior when they may imbibe salts from moist soils.
324:
Like the Papilionidae, the Pieridae also have their
344:The Pieridae are generally divided into these four
1923:(castniid moths: giant butterfly-moths, sun moths)
2958:
998:
912:
840:
1116:
955:
1051:
826:
16:Butterfly family in superfamily Papilionoidea
985:
2272:(brush-footed, or four-footed butterflies)
833:
819:
800:Catalogue of the Papilionidae and Pieridae
29:
693:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
585:
583:
293:Males of many species exhibit gregarious
2451:(hawk moths, sphinx moths and hornworms)
899:
714:Butterflies through Binoculars, The West
622:
515:
199:
185:
2248:(whites, yellows, orangetips, sulphurs)
604:An Introduction to the Study of Insects
2959:
2364:(eggars, snout moths, or lappet moths)
942:
721:Life Histories of Cascadia Butterflies
580:
428:
2665:
2664:
1025:
1024:
984:
941:
898:
814:
719:James, David G. and Nunnallee, David
653:
573:
571:
569:
567:
565:
512:, alfalfa butterfly or orange sulphur
270:) of a few of these species, such as
2918:be14a247-cf73-49b2-b995-a1de6cc6d522
2830:41c54aed-fe98-4ff0-b50c-6e26ace9f066
501:
282:, commonly seen in gardens, feed on
2977:Taxa named by William John Swainson
13:
1886:(carpenter millers, or goat moths)
1803:(burnet, forester, or smoky moths)
678:
562:
14:
2998:
1207:(Amazonian primitive ghost moths)
760:3 pages of images. Tip Next page.
736:
623:Kevan, P. G.; Bye, R. A. (1991).
300:
286:, and are notorious agricultural
53:
1223:(African primitive ghost moths)
806:Whites & Yellows of Germany
525:, large white or cabbage white
1527:(Old World spiny-winged moths)
647:
616:
596:
551:, large white or cabbage white
543:, small white or cabbage white
339:
1:
2425:(Kentish glory and relatives)
1244:(New Zealand primitive moths)
555:
2571:(oriental swallowtail moths)
1849:(planthopper parasite moths)
457:Anthocharis cethura catalina
417:, is endemic to West Africa.
204:Eastern greenish black-tip (
7:
2645:Taxonomy of the Lepidoptera
2232:(American moth-butterflies)
2193:(Old World butterfly-moths)
2172:(picture-winged leaf moths)
922:(mandibulate archaic moths)
792:Featured Creatures Web site
730:The Butterflies of Cascadia
10:
3003:
2143:(tropical fruitworm moths)
1680:(case-bearers, case moths)
1444:(trumpet leaf miner moths)
1199:(swift moths, ghost moths)
2673:
2640:
2621:
2593:
2549:
2515:
2460:
2393:(American silkworm moths)
2373:
2352:
2331:
2302:
2281:
2224:(swallowtail butterflies)
2202:
2181:
2160:
2131:
2113:
2095:
2074:
2045:
2024:
2003:
1982:
1961:
1940:
1903:
1894:(dudgeon carpenter moths)
1874:
1786:
1768:
1653:
1603:(false diamondback moths)
1591:
1552:
1514:(burrowing webworm moths)
1502:
1484:
1480:
1457:
1432:
1411:
1382:
1361:
1317:
1290:
1261:
1232:
1182:
1173:
1143:
1134:
1107:
1082:
1073:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1020:
994:
980:
951:
937:
908:
894:
850:
177:
170:
144:
139:
50:Scientific classification
48:
37:
28:
23:
2385:(Australian lappet moth)
1394:(pigmy, or midget moths)
668:10.11646/zootaxa.832.1.1
405:includes only the genus
1215:(miniature ghost moths)
230:containing about 1,100
2987:Taxa described in 1820
2594:Superfamily unassigned
2015:(bristle-legged moths)
1564:(ribbed cocoon makers)
1373:(Andean endemic moths)
1329:(fairy longhorn moths)
589:Carter, David (2000).
526:
484:Anthocharis cardamines
423:molecular phylogenetic
211:
197:
2939:Paleobiology Database
2501:(prominents, kittens)
2036:(fringe-tufted moths)
1092:Acanthopteroctetidae
1084:Acanthopteroctetoidea
591:Butterflies and Moths
519:
414:Pseudopontia paradoxa
355:(six genera), mostly
245:William John Swainson
203:
189:
2825:Fauna Europaea (new)
2013:Schreckensteiniidae
2005:Schreckensteinioidea
1994:(false burnet moths)
1865:(slug, or cup moths)
1423:(Gondwanaland moths)
1402:(white eyecap moths)
1160:(archaic bell moths)
750:Includes type images
727:Pyle, Robert Michael
38:Black-veined white (
2343:(sack bearer moths)
2065:(false plume moths)
2057:(many-plumed moths)
1915:(little bear moths)
1857:(slug caterpillars)
1712:(long-horned moths)
1696:(grass-miner moths)
1094:(archaic sun moths)
712:Glassberg, Jeffrey
429:Some common species
2972:Butterfly families
764:Holarctic Pieridae
527:
453:Catalina orangetip
444:California dogface
393:sexually dimorphic
212:
198:
2954:
2953:
2926:Open Tree of Life
2667:Taxon identifiers
2658:
2657:
2636:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2617:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2585:
2572:
2536:
2528:
2502:
2494:
2486:
2473:
2452:
2444:
2426:
2418:
2410:
2402:
2394:
2386:
2365:
2344:
2323:
2315:
2294:
2273:
2265:
2257:
2249:
2241:
2233:
2225:
2215:
2194:
2173:
2152:
2151:(fruitworm moths)
2144:
2087:
2066:
2058:
2037:
2016:
1995:
1974:
1953:
1952:(metalmark moths)
1932:
1931:(clearwing moths)
1924:
1916:
1895:
1887:
1866:
1858:
1850:
1827:
1804:
1760:
1752:
1739:
1738:(concealer moths)
1731:
1713:
1705:
1697:
1689:
1681:
1640:
1617:
1614:Glyphipterigidae
1604:
1583:Roeslerstammiidae
1573:
1565:
1544:
1536:
1528:
1515:
1453:
1452:
1445:
1424:
1403:
1395:
1374:
1353:
1330:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1245:
1224:
1216:
1208:
1200:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1130:
1129:
1103:
1102:
1095:
1069:
1068:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1000:Heterobathmioidea
976:
975:
972:
971:
966:
933:
932:
929:
928:
923:
782:, checkered white
769:"Family Pieridae"
627:Eucheira socialis
502:Some pest species
462:Cloudless sulphur
439:Gonepteryx rhamni
421:According to the
334:madrone butterfly
253:Gonepteryx rhamni
184:
183:
135:
2994:
2947:
2946:
2934:
2933:
2921:
2920:
2911:
2910:
2898:
2897:
2895:NBNSYS0000160713
2885:
2884:
2872:
2871:
2859:
2858:
2846:
2845:
2833:
2832:
2820:
2819:
2807:
2806:
2794:
2793:
2781:
2780:
2768:
2767:
2755:
2754:
2742:
2741:
2732:
2731:
2722:
2721:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2662:
2661:
2584:(geometer moths)
2583:
2570:
2564:Pseudobistonidae
2534:
2526:
2500:
2492:
2484:
2471:
2450:
2442:
2424:
2416:
2408:
2400:
2392:
2384:
2363:
2342:
2321:
2313:
2292:
2271:
2263:
2255:
2247:
2239:
2231:
2223:
2214:
2207:
2192:
2171:
2150:
2142:
2085:
2064:
2056:
2035:
2014:
1993:
1972:
1951:
1930:
1922:
1914:
1893:
1885:
1864:
1856:
1848:
1825:
1802:
1758:
1750:
1737:
1729:
1711:
1703:
1695:
1687:
1686:Cosmopterigidae
1679:
1638:
1615:
1602:
1571:
1563:
1562:Bucculatricidae
1542:
1534:
1526:
1513:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1443:
1422:
1401:
1393:
1372:
1351:
1328:
1315:
1314:
1288:
1287:
1243:
1222:
1214:
1206:
1198:
1180:
1179:
1159:
1141:
1140:
1114:
1113:
1093:
1080:
1079:
1049:
1048:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1022:
1021:
1006:Heterobathmiidae
996:
995:
982:
981:
964:
953:
952:
939:
938:
921:
920:Micropterigidae
914:Micropterigoidea
910:
909:
896:
895:
835:
828:
821:
812:
811:
780:Pontia protodice
756:In Japanese but
695:147(2): 239-275.
672:
671:
651:
645:
644:
620:
614:
600:
594:
587:
578:
575:
548:Pieris brassicae
532:Colias philodice
522:Pieris brassicae
509:Colias eurytheme
489:Psyche butterfly
395:. Some, such as
317:, unlike in the
273:Pieris brassicae
190:Common Jezebel (
130:
58:
57:
33:
21:
20:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2950:
2942:
2937:
2929:
2924:
2916:
2914:
2906:
2901:
2893:
2888:
2880:
2875:
2867:
2862:
2854:
2849:
2841:
2836:
2828:
2823:
2815:
2810:
2802:
2797:
2789:
2784:
2776:
2771:
2763:
2758:
2750:
2745:
2737:
2735:
2727:
2725:
2717:
2712:
2703:
2702:
2697:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2669:
2659:
2654:
2650:Lists by region
2628:
2627:is not a clade.
2623:Note: division
2605:
2589:
2545:
2511:
2456:
2417:(Dryandra moth)
2409:(Brahmin moths)
2369:
2348:
2327:
2298:
2277:
2208:
2206:
2198:
2177:
2156:
2141:Copromorphidae
2133:Copromorphoidea
2127:
2109:
2091:
2070:
2041:
2020:
1999:
1978:
1973:(tortrix moths)
1957:
1936:
1899:
1870:
1826:(flannel moths)
1809:Himantopteridae
1782:
1764:
1710:Lecithoceridae
1704:(twirler moths)
1649:
1587:
1572:(Douglas moths)
1554:Gracillarioidea
1548:
1535:(bagworm moths)
1520:Arrhenophanidae
1498:
1486:Simaethistoidea
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1449:
1428:
1407:
1378:
1357:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1249:
1242:Mnesarchaeidae
1234:Mnesarchaeoidea
1228:
1221:Prototheoridae
1165:
1153:Aenigmatineidae
1126:
1118:Lophocoronoidea
1099:
1065:
1030:
1008:
990:
988:Heterobathmiina
968:
963:Agathiphagidae
957:Agathiphagoidea
947:
925:
904:
890:
846:
839:
748:GloBIS Database
739:
681:
679:Further reading
676:
675:
652:
648:
621:
617:
601:
597:
588:
581:
576:
563:
558:
535:clouded sulphur
504:
498:
448:Zerene eurydice
431:
403:Pseudopontiinae
342:
303:
236:tropical Africa
193:Delias eucharis
179:
153:Pseudopontiinae
129:
52:
41:Aporia crataegi
17:
12:
11:
5:
3000:
2990:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2935:
2922:
2912:
2899:
2886:
2873:
2860:
2847:
2834:
2821:
2812:Fauna Europaea
2808:
2795:
2782:
2769:
2756:
2743:
2733:
2723:
2710:
2695:
2679:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2579:
2574:
2566:
2561:
2555:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2538:
2530:
2521:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2496:
2488:
2480:
2475:
2466:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2454:
2446:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2420:
2412:
2404:
2396:
2388:
2379:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2362:Lasiocampidae
2358:
2356:
2354:Lasiocampoidea
2350:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2337:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2325:
2317:
2308:
2306:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2287:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2267:
2259:
2251:
2243:
2235:
2227:
2218:
2216:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2187:
2185:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2166:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2154:
2146:
2137:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2119:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2101:
2099:
2097:Whalleyanoidea
2093:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2084:Pterophoridae
2080:
2078:
2076:Pterophoroidea
2072:
2071:
2069:
2068:
2060:
2051:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2030:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2009:
2007:
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2000:
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1872:
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1824:Megalopygidae
1821:
1819:Somabrachyidae
1816:
1811:
1806:
1798:
1792:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1774:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1759:(timber moths)
1754:
1751:(flower moths)
1746:
1744:Pterolonchidae
1741:
1733:
1730:(mompha moths)
1725:
1720:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1691:
1688:(cosmet moths)
1683:
1678:Coleophoridae
1675:
1670:
1668:Batrachedridae
1665:
1659:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1639:(ermine moths)
1637:Yponomeutidae
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1611:
1606:
1597:
1595:
1593:Yponomeutoidea
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1580:
1578:Gracillariidae
1575:
1567:
1558:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1543:(fungus moths)
1538:
1530:
1522:
1517:
1508:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1494:Simaethistidae
1490:
1488:
1475:
1455:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1438:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1421:Palaephatidae
1417:
1415:
1413:Palaephatoidea
1409:
1408:
1406:
1405:
1397:
1388:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1367:
1365:
1359:
1358:
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1355:
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1332:
1323:
1321:
1312:
1285:
1259:
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1255:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1238:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1218:
1213:Palaeosetidae
1210:
1202:
1194:
1188:
1186:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1158:Neopseustidae
1155:
1149:
1147:
1145:Neopseustoidea
1138:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1124:Lophocoronidae
1122:
1120:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1097:
1088:
1086:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1057:
1055:
1053:Eriocranioidea
1046:
1032:
1031:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1004:
1002:
992:
991:
978:
977:
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961:
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949:
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927:
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876:
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758:binomial names
751:
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738:
737:External links
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471:Clouded yellow
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466:Phoebis sennae
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301:Classification
299:
234:, mostly from
226:with about 76
182:
181:
180:1,051 species
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26:
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4:
3:
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2999:
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2982:Papilionoidea
2980:
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2968:
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2962:
2945:
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2620:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2586:
2580:
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2575:
2573:
2569:Epicopeiidae
2567:
2565:
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2560:
2557:
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2548:
2542:
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2531:
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2523:
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2507:Oenosandridae
2505:
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2499:Notodontidae
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2397:
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2391:Apatelodidae
2389:
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2366:
2360:
2359:
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2341:Mimallonidae
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2333:Mimallonoidea
2330:
2324:
2318:
2316:
2314:(snout moths)
2310:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2295:
2289:
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2274:
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2260:
2258:
2252:
2250:
2244:
2242:
2236:
2234:
2228:
2226:
2222:Papilionidae
2220:
2219:
2217:
2212:
2205:
2204:Papilionoidea
2201:
2195:
2191:Callidulidae
2189:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2183:Calliduloidea
2180:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2153:
2149:Carposinidae
2147:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2130:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2106:
2105:Whalleyanidae
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2088:
2086:(plume moths)
2082:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2038:
2034:Epermeniidae
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2026:Epermenioidea
2023:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2008:
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1969:
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1933:
1927:
1925:
1919:
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1910:
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1902:
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1892:Dudgeoneidae
1890:
1888:
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1881:
1879:
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1873:
1867:
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1847:Epipyropidae
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1770:Galacticoidea
1767:
1761:
1757:Xyloryctidae
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1749:Scythrididae
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1736:Oecophoridae
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1616:(sedge moths)
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1607:
1605:
1601:Acrolepiidae
1599:
1598:
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1590:
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1512:Acrolophidae
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1434:Tischerioidea
1431:
1425:
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1410:
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1398:
1396:
1392:Nepticulidae
1390:
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1387:
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1384:Nepticuloidea
1381:
1375:
1371:Andesianidae
1369:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1363:Andesianoidea
1360:
1354:
1352:(yucca moths)
1348:
1346:
1345:Incurvariidae
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1322:
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1316:
1313:
1311:
1289:
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1246:
1240:
1239:
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1231:
1225:
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1203:
1201:
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1125:
1121:
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1109:Lophocoronina
1106:
1096:
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1089:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1075:Acanthoctesia
1072:
1062:
1061:Eriocraniidae
1059:
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1029:
1023:
1019:
1007:
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965:(kauri moths)
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240:tropical Asia
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207:Euchloe penia
202:
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148:Dismorphiinae
146:
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118:
117:Papilionoidea
115:
113:Superfamily:
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56:
51:
47:
43:
42:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2674:
2601:Millieriidae
2582:Geometridae
2551:Geometroidea
2535:(gold moths)
2493:(tuft moths)
2443:(saturniids)
2441:Saturniidae
2431:Eupterotidae
2415:Carthaeidae
2407:Brahmaeidae
2401:(silk moths)
2322:(grass moth)
2293:(teak moths)
2270:Nymphalidae
2256:(metalmarks)
2245:
2238:Hesperiidae
1971:Tortricidae
1963:Tortricoidea
1950:Choreutidae
1942:Choreutoidea
1913:Brachodidae
1863:Limacodidae
1837:Anomoeotidae
1778:Galacticidae
1702:Gelechiidae
1655:Gelechioidea
1645:Ypsolophidae
1622:Heliodinidae
1400:Opostegidae
1340:Heliozelidae
1192:Anomosetidae
1136:Neopseustina
886:Holometabola
884:Superorder:
878:Infraclass:
799:
779:
772:
729:
720:
713:
692:
685:
659:
655:
649:
633:Entomologist
632:
626:
618:
603:
598:
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546:
540:Pieris rapae
538:
530:
520:
507:
497:
492:
483:
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456:
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438:
420:
412:
408:Pseudopontia
406:
396:
383:Loranthaceae
375:Brassicaceae
343:
323:
319:Papilionidae
304:
295:mud-puddling
292:
279:Pieris rapae
277:
271:
268:caterpillars
261:
258:
251:
249:
218:are a large
215:
213:
205:
191:
140:Subfamilies
126:
39:
18:
2851:iNaturalist
2699:Wikispecies
2559:Sematuridae
2533:Cimeliidae
2527:(hook-tips)
2525:Drepanidae
2517:Drepanoidea
2449:Sphingidae
2436:Phiditiidae
2423:Endromidae
2399:Bombycidae
2383:Anthelidae
2375:Bombycoidea
2291:Hyblaeidae
2283:Hyblaeoidea
2262:Lycaenidae
2254:Riodinidae
2211:butterflies
2170:Thyrididae
2162:Thyridoidea
2063:Tineodidae
2055:Alucitidae
2047:Alucitoidea
1921:Castniidae
1855:Dalceridae
1801:Zygaenidae
1788:Zygaenoidea
1632:Plutellidae
1627:Lyonetiidae
1609:Bedelliidae
1350:Prodoxidae
1335:Cecidosidae
1197:Hepialidae
1184:Hepialoidea
902:Zeugloptera
843:Lepidoptera
773:Insecta.pro
379:Santalaceae
357:Neotropical
346:subfamilies
340:Subfamilies
307:Nymphalidae
224:butterflies
107:Lepidoptera
2961:Categories
2625:Monotrysia
2483:Noctuidae
2478:Euteliidae
2462:Noctuoidea
2320:Crambidae
2312:Pyralidae
2304:Pyraloidea
2240:(skippers)
2230:Hedylidae
1814:Lacturidae
1728:Momphidae
1533:Psychidae
1044:Dacnonypha
872:Subclass:
862:Arthropoda
688:832: 1–16.
556:References
480:Orange tip
389:Coliadinae
313:claws are
309:, and the
163:Coliadinae
87:Arthropoda
2577:Uraniidae
2470:Erebidae
2246:Pieridae
1992:Urodidae
1984:Urodoidea
1929:Sesiidae
1905:Sesioidea
1884:Cossidae
1876:Cossoidea
1718:Lypusidae
1541:Tineidae
1504:Tineoidea
1327:Adelidae
1319:Adeloidea
1026:Suborder
986:Suborder
945:Aglossata
943:Suborder
900:Suborder
874:Pterygota
854:Kingdom:
641:0013-8878
435:Brimstone
284:brassicas
247:in 1820.
178:76 genera
172:Diversity
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
24:Pieridae
2967:Pieridae
2760:BugGuide
2736:BioLib:
2729:Pieridae
2726:BAMONA:
2719:Pieridae
2705:Pieridae
2684:Wikidata
2675:Pieridae
2491:Nolidae
2115:Immoidea
1175:Exoporia
1028:Glossata
880:Neoptera
860:Phylum:
856:Animalia
845:families
798:Bridges
662:: 1–16.
367:Pierinae
361:Fabaceae
330:thoracic
216:Pieridae
158:Pierinae
132:Swainson
127:Pieridae
123:Family:
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
2123:Immidae
1832:Aididae
868:Insecta
866:Class:
841:Extant
784:on the
686:Zootaxa
656:Zootaxa
232:species
103:Order:
97:Insecta
93:Class:
44:) male
2944:135133
2931:167951
2915:NZOR:
2882:117267
2869:100725
2804:1PIERF
2690:Q41559
2541:Doidae
754:Pteron
732:(2002)
723:(2011)
716:(2001)
702:
639:
610:
397:Colias
381:, and
311:tarsal
264:larvae
228:genera
220:family
134:, 1820
2864:IRMNG
2856:48508
2778:625MK
2739:17301
326:pupae
315:bifid
288:pests
2908:7114
2903:NCBI
2877:ITIS
2843:5481
2838:GBIF
2817:6969
2799:EPPO
2765:2651
2747:BOLD
790:IFAS
700:ISBN
637:ISSN
608:ISBN
276:and
262:The
238:and
214:The
2890:NBN
2791:885
2786:EoL
2773:CoL
2752:705
2714:AFD
796:BHL
743:TOL
664:doi
660:832
222:of
2963::
2941::
2928::
2905::
2892::
2879::
2866::
2853::
2840::
2827::
2814::
2801::
2788::
2775::
2762::
2749::
2716::
2701::
2686::
788:/
786:UF
771:.
658:.
635:.
631:.
582:^
564:^
491:,
482:,
473:,
464:,
455:,
446:,
437:,
377:,
373:,
348::
321:.
290:.
2213:)
2209:(
1473:a
1471:i
1469:s
1467:y
1465:r
1463:t
1461:i
1459:D
1310:a
1308:i
1306:s
1304:y
1302:r
1300:t
1298:o
1296:n
1294:o
1292:M
1283:a
1281:r
1279:u
1277:e
1275:n
1273:o
1271:r
1269:e
1267:t
1265:e
1263:H
834:e
827:t
820:v
802:.
775:.
706:.
670:.
666::
643:.
593:.
385:.
363:.
266:(
210:)
196:)
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