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Pieter Cullis

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the roles of such structures in processes such as membrane fusion. The second area focuses on transport across bilayer lipid systems induced by trans-bilayer ion gradients. His interests in nanomedicines first concern the design and synthesis of LNP delivery systems containing small molecule drugs, particularly drugs used in cancer chemotherapy, with the aim of increasing potency and reducing toxicity by enhancing drug delivery to, and release at, sites of disease such as tumours. A second area involves using LNP technology to enable the therapeutic use of macromolecular genetic drugs such as
280:. BNT162b2 (Comirnaty) was approved for emergency use (December 2020) by the US FDA and has subsequently been approved by the US, UK, Canada, Europe and many other countries worldwide. These approvals were made on the basis of a 95% efficacy in preventing COVID-19, together with an excellent safety profile. More than five billion doses of this vaccine were administered globally in 2021-22 and the vaccine has been credited with saving over six million lives in 2021 alone. 207:
hereditary condition transthyretin-induced amyloidosis (hATTR). Onpattro is the first RNAi drug to receive regulatory approval. The second is Comirnaty, the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine developed by Pfizer/BioNTech that has received regulatory approval in many jurisdictions including Canada, the USA, the UK and Europe. Comirnaty has played a major role in containing the global COVID-19 pandemic with approximately 6B doses administered worldwide in 2021 and 2022.
203:, Integrated Nanotherapeutics, Precision NanoSystems, and NanoVation Therapeutics. He has also co-founded and has been the Founding Scientific Director of two National Centre of Excellence networks: the Centre for Drug Research and Development (now AdMare) in 2004 and the NanoMedicines Innovation Network in 2019. These not-for-profit networks are aimed at translating basic research in the life sciences into commercially viable products. 253:). Onpattro delivers an siRNA to silence the TTR gene in the liver. A remarkable feature of Onpattro is that it is able to not only stop further progression of this hitherto untreatable disease (which usually leads to death within five years of diagnosis), but also to reverse the neuropathies and cardiovascular issues associated with hATTR. The second class of medicines are the mRNA 215:
Cullis's research interests concern the roles of lipids in biological membranes and the development of nanomedicines using lipid nanoparticle (LNP) technology. His studies on the roles of lipids focus on two areas. The first concerns the ability of membrane lipids to adopt non-bilayer structures and
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Two recently approved drugs that are enabled by LNP delivery systems devised by Cullis, members of his UBC laboratory, and colleagues in the companies he has co-founded deserve special emphasis. The first is Onpattro which was approved by the US FDA in August 2018 to treat the previously fatal
183:(LNP). Cullis and co-workers have been responsible for fundamental advances in the development of nanomedicines employing lipid nanoparticle (LNP) technology for cancer therapies, gene therapies and vaccines. This work has contributed to five drugs that have received clinical approval by the 245:, a gene therapy that was approved (August 2018) by the FDA to treat hereditary amyloid transthyretin (hATTR) amyloidosis. Onpattro is the first-in-class RNAi-based drug to be approved by the FDA and employs an LNP delivery system developed in collaboration with 1225: 198:
Cullis has also co-founded eleven biotechnology companies that now employ over 400 people, has published over 400 scientific articles (h-index 138) and is an inventor on over 100 patents. Companies he has co-founded include
1762: 1247: 224:(mRNA) for gene therapy, including gene editing. These efforts have led to five nanomedicines that have been approved for clinical use by regulatory agencies such as the 1385: 2204: 2263: 292:
and by the companies he has co-founded (Inex Pharmaceuticals Corp, Protiva Biotherapeutics, Canadian Liposome Company, Acuitas Therapeutics).
2192: 1931: 1298: 2238: 1462: 2248: 1586:"Tang Prize | Media | 2022 Tang Prize in Biopharmaceutical Science Honors Three Scientists for Developing COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines" 1763:"UBC Faculty of Medicine honours exceptional Canadian researchers in cancer, heart, brain disorders and clinical pharmacology" 2258: 774: 167: 33: 270: 1273: 2268: 1924: 116: 1660: 1248:"FDA Takes Key Action in Fight Against COVID-19 By Issuing Emergency Use Authorization for First COVID-19 Vaccine" 460: 289: 76: 71: 1158: 117:
Electron paramagnetic resonance of phosphorus doped silicon in the intermediate impurity concentration range
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Two of these nanomedicines were recently approved and are of particular note. First is the drug
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The following approved nanomedicine drugs have been co-developed by Cullis's laboratory at the
1838: 1955: 339: 217: 2253: 2127: 2056: 919: 519: 430: 403: 277: 250: 200: 80: 249:(Boston), his laboratory at UBC and two spin-offs that he co-founded (Protiva/Arbutus and 8: 2068: 1961: 1585: 96: 1736: 1334: 180: 85: 1788: 2038: 1888: 1306: 2080: 2008: 254: 179:
is a Canadian physicist and biochemist known for his contributions to the field of
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Assistant Professor (1978); Associate Professor (1982); Professor (1985-present)
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General, Office of the Secretary to the Governor (20 December 2021).
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Co-Founder (1992); Director (1992-2007); VP Research (1992-2004)
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Secretariat, Intergovernmental Relations (7 August 2023).
1411:"2021 Awards Announced | Controlled Release Society (CRS)" 1128:
Sultan Karim Medal of Excellence in Clinical Pharmacology
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Founder (2019); Scientific Director & CEO (2019-2021)
1636:"24th Annual Life Sciences BC Awards presented by Farris" 506:
Co-founder (2001); Director & Chair, SAB (2001-2005)
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Co-Founder (1986); Director & President (1986-1991)
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Association de Pharmacie Galénique Industrielle, France
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APGI - Association de Pharmacie Galénique Industrielle
1299:"Which covid-19 vaccine saved the most lives in 2021?" 802:
UBC Alumni Award for Research, Science & Medicine
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Killam Foundation, National Research Council, Canada
463:, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology 1661:"Pieter Cullis Receives the 2022 Bloom Burton Award" 511:
Centre Drug Research & Development (now AdMare)
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Dejusticia: The Center for Law, Justice and Society
1386:"The Prix Galien Canada – Product Innovation Award" 1192:University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine 1189:Bill and Marilyn Webber Lifetime Achievement Award 1131:University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine 857:University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine 831:University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine 828:Bill and Marilyn Webber Lifetime Achievement Award 610: 514:Co-founder (2004); Scientific Director (2004-2010) 1514:"Pieter Cullis - Gairdner Foundation Award Winner" 580:Director (2014-present); Chairman (2017-present) 2230: 1246:Commissioner, Office of the (14 December 2020). 854:Senior Faculty Award-Outstanding Contributions 1272:Commissioner, Office of the (23 August 2021). 276:relies on an LNP delivery system developed by 1925: 818:Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences 2193:Bangladesh Environmental Lawyers Association 1271: 1245: 1839:"Prize Winners – Harvey Prize | פרס הארווי" 1786: 1335:"Alumni Achievement Awards Past Recipients" 604:Co-Founder (2020); Chairman (2020-present) 572:Co-Founder (2014); Chairman (2014-present) 1932: 1918: 1511: 925:Prince Mahidol Award Foundation, Thailand 495:Inex Pharmaceuticals Corp (now GeneVant) 490:Co-Founder (1992); Director (1992-1996) 474:Co-Founder (1985); Chairman (1985 -2000) 1939: 1512:Foundation, The Gairdner (1 June 2023). 657:European Molecular Biology Organization 588:Co-Founder (2015); Chairman (2015-2021) 564:Co-Founder (2014); Director (2014-2019) 556:Co-Founder (2014); Director (2014-2016) 540:Co-Founder (2011); Chairman (2011-2017) 532:Co-Founder (2010); Chairman (2010-2015) 524:Co-Founder (2009); Chairman (2009-2021) 1460: 577:AllerGen National Centre of Excellence 471:Lipex Biomembranes (now Evonik Canada) 2231: 996:Phospholipid Research Centre, Germany 503:Protiva Biotherapeutics (now Arbutus) 2264:University of British Columbia alumni 1913: 1274:"FDA Approves First COVID-19 Vaccine" 893:Fellow National Academy of Inventors 775:Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada 761:Award for Innovation and Achievement 593:NanoMedicines Innovation Network NCE 283: 271:Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA vaccine 210: 1760: 1737:"Fellow Detail Page | Royal Society" 1615:Governor General’s Innovation Awards 1329: 1327: 1035:Governor General’s Innovation Award 967:Canada Gairdner International Award 487:Northern Lipids (now Evonik Canada) 439:Research and Professional Experience 1712:"Pieter Cullis - 2023 Killam Prize" 896:National Academy of Inventors, USA 685:Medical Research Council of Canada 671:Medical Research Council of Canada 83:(Postdoc, Biochemistry, 1973-1976) 13: 841:Prix Galien Canada Research Award 643:Canadian Medical Research Council 393:Transthyretin-induced amyloidosis 14: 2280: 1864:"Faculty of Medicine Awards 2023" 1360:"2011 Faculty of Medicine awards" 1324: 537:Personalized Medicine Initiative 2239:20th-century Canadian physicists 1415:www.controlledreleasesociety.org 1006:UBC Alumni Award of Distinction 909:Controlled Release Society, USA 611:Academic and Professional Awards 2249:Officers of the Order of Canada 1881: 1856: 1831: 1806: 1780: 1754: 1729: 1704: 1679: 1653: 1628: 1603: 1578: 1553: 1531: 1505: 1480: 1454: 1440:Prince Mahidol Award Foundation 1038:Rideau Hall Foundation, Canada 1009:University of British Columbia 805:University of British Columbia 751:International Liposome Society 735:Gold Medal for Health Sciences 725:University of British Columbia 712:University of British Columbia 356:Approved Europe, Canada - 2000 1814:"Pieter Cullis, OC PhD | CMHF" 1640:Life Sciences British Columbia 1467:The Governor General of Canada 1428: 1403: 1378: 1352: 1291: 1265: 1239: 1218: 1163:Canadian Medical Hall of Fame 1077:Society for Chemical Industry 957:VinFuture Foundation, Vietnam 290:University of British Columbia 77:University of British Columbia 72:University of British Columbia 1: 1211: 1159:Canadian Medical Hall of Fame 867:Milton Wong Leadership Award 698:Canadian Biochemical Society 654:EMBO Postdoctoral Fellowship 545:Life Sciences Institute, UBC 373:Acute lymphoblastic leukemia 185:US Food and Drug Agency (FDA) 88:(Postdoc, Biochemistry, 1977) 2259:Fellows of the Royal Society 1565:Phospholipid Research Center 1488:"Professor Pieter R. Cullis" 1176:(awarded for the year 2021) 1022:(Biopharmaceutical Science) 970:Gairdner Foundation, Canada 722:Jacob Bierly Research Prize 640:MRC Postdoctoral Fellowship 585:Integrated NanoTherapeutics 257:that Acuitas developed with 7: 1994:(Jordan, USA, Saudi Arabia) 1889:"Maurice-Marie JANOT Award" 1843:harveypz.net.technion.ac.il 1761:Chow, Qian (10 July 2023). 1390:Innovative Medicines Canada 1114:Fellow of the Royal Society 983:Camurus Foundation, Sweden 941:Governor General of Canada 880:Lifetime Achievement Award 553:GenXys Health Care Systems 419:Approved US, Europe - 2021 396:Approved US, Europe - 2018 336:Approved US, Europe - 1995 53:1946 (age 77–78) 10: 2285: 1202:Maurice-Marie Janot Award 1090:Ghent University, Belgium 883:Journal of Drug Targeting 764:BC Biotechnology Alliance 709:UBC Killam Research Prize 569:Molecular You Corporation 479:Canadian Liposome Company 79:(PhD, Physics, 1967-1972) 74:(BSc, Physics, 1964-1967) 2269:Scientists from Vancouver 2167: 2114: 2002:Biopharmaceutical Science 2001: 1948: 1436:"Professor Pieter Cullis" 1143:Order of British Columbia 353:Metastatic breast cancer 230:European Medicines Agency 189:European Medicines Agency 141: 137: 127: 109: 102: 92: 67: 57: 49: 23: 1087:Doctorate Honoris Causa 1025:Tang Foundation, Taiwan 779:Royal Society of Canada 601:NanoVation Therapeutics 1974:Veerabhadran Ramanathan 1949:Sustainable Development 1868:UBC Faculty of Medicine 1767:UBC Faculty of Medicine 1518:The Gairdner Foundation 1147:Governor General of BC 1064:Bloom Burton & Co. 792:University of Montreal 247:Alnylam Pharmaceuticals 226:US Food and Drug Agency 2021:Emmanuelle Charpentier 1118:Royal Society, London 815:CSPS Leadership Award 529:Precision NanoSystems 416:COVID-19 mRNA vaccine 1956:Gro Harlem Brundtland 1561:"The Thudichum Award" 993:Thudichum Life Award 548:Director (2013-2017) 218:small interfering RNA 2128:Wm. Theodore de Bary 2057:Charles A. Dinarello 1048:Global Impact Award 980:Lipid Science Prize 920:Prince Mahidol Award 520:Acuitas Therapeutics 410:LNP mRNA SARS Cov 2 251:Acuitas Therapeutics 236:(see Table below). 201:Acuitas Therapeutics 160:Pieter Rutter Cullis 81:University of Oxford 2069:Tadamitsu Kishimoto 1962:Arthur H. Rosenfeld 1687:"SCI Canada Awards" 1667:. 30 September 2022 1061:Bloom Burton Award 844:Prix Galien Canada 748:Alec Bangham Award 738:BC Science Council 616: 449:Institution/Company 444: 376:Approved US - 2012 296: 181:lipid nanoparticles 97:Lipid nanoparticles 16:Canadian researcher 1590:www.tang-prize.org 1442:. 15 November 2021 615: 443: 362:/Canadian Lipo Co 342:/Canadian Lipo Co 333:Fungal infections 295: 284:Nanomedicine Drugs 211:Research Interests 86:Utrecht University 2226: 2225: 2039:Anthony R. Hunter 1818:www.cdnmedhall.ca 1209: 1208: 1179:Technion, Israel 1074:Julia Levy Award 1051:Life Sciences BC 608: 607: 436: 435: 327:LNP Amphotericin 301:Nanomedicine Drug 255:Covid 19 vaccines 157: 156: 104:Scientific career 2276: 2205:The Legal Agenda 2065:(Australia, USA) 2009:James P. Allison 1934: 1927: 1920: 1911: 1910: 1904: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1885: 1879: 1878: 1876: 1874: 1860: 1854: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1835: 1829: 1828: 1826: 1824: 1810: 1804: 1803: 1801: 1799: 1784: 1778: 1777: 1775: 1773: 1758: 1752: 1751: 1749: 1747: 1741:royalsociety.org 1733: 1727: 1726: 1724: 1722: 1716:Killam Laureates 1708: 1702: 1701: 1699: 1697: 1683: 1677: 1676: 1674: 1672: 1657: 1651: 1650: 1648: 1646: 1632: 1626: 1625: 1623: 1621: 1607: 1601: 1600: 1598: 1596: 1582: 1576: 1575: 1573: 1571: 1557: 1551: 1550: 1548: 1546: 1535: 1529: 1528: 1526: 1524: 1509: 1503: 1502: 1500: 1498: 1484: 1478: 1477: 1475: 1473: 1458: 1452: 1451: 1449: 1447: 1432: 1426: 1425: 1423: 1421: 1407: 1401: 1400: 1398: 1396: 1382: 1376: 1375: 1373: 1371: 1356: 1350: 1349: 1347: 1345: 1331: 1322: 1321: 1319: 1317: 1295: 1289: 1288: 1286: 1284: 1269: 1263: 1262: 1260: 1258: 1243: 1237: 1236: 1234: 1232: 1222: 906:Founder’s Award 870:Life Science BC 617: 614: 445: 442: 367:LNP Vincristine 347:LNP Doxorubicin 297: 294: 178: 153: 150: 148: 129:Doctoral advisor 123: 44: 25:Pieter R. Cullis 21: 20: 2284: 2283: 2279: 2278: 2277: 2275: 2274: 2273: 2229: 2228: 2227: 2222: 2211:Cheryl Saunders 2163: 2140:Yoshinobu Shiba 2110: 2105:Jens Juul Holst 2099:Svetlana Mojsov 2093:Joel F. Habener 2051:John Mendelsohn 2027:Jennifer Doudna 1997: 1944: 1938: 1908: 1907: 1897: 1895: 1887: 1886: 1882: 1872: 1870: 1862: 1861: 1857: 1847: 1845: 1837: 1836: 1832: 1822: 1820: 1812: 1811: 1807: 1797: 1795: 1785: 1781: 1771: 1769: 1759: 1755: 1745: 1743: 1735: 1734: 1730: 1720: 1718: 1710: 1709: 1705: 1695: 1693: 1685: 1684: 1680: 1670: 1668: 1659: 1658: 1654: 1644: 1642: 1634: 1633: 1629: 1619: 1617: 1611:"2022 Archives" 1609: 1608: 1604: 1594: 1592: 1584: 1583: 1579: 1569: 1567: 1559: 1558: 1554: 1544: 1542: 1537: 1536: 1532: 1522: 1520: 1510: 1506: 1496: 1494: 1492:VinFuture Prize 1486: 1485: 1481: 1471: 1469: 1459: 1455: 1445: 1443: 1434: 1433: 1429: 1419: 1417: 1409: 1408: 1404: 1394: 1392: 1384: 1383: 1379: 1369: 1367: 1366:. 14 April 2011 1358: 1357: 1353: 1343: 1341: 1333: 1332: 1325: 1315: 1313: 1297: 1296: 1292: 1282: 1280: 1270: 1266: 1256: 1254: 1244: 1240: 1230: 1228: 1224: 1223: 1219: 1214: 952:VinFuture Prize 937:Order of Canada 613: 441: 380:Spectrum Pharma 286: 213: 162: 145: 121: 45: 28: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2282: 2272: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2241: 2224: 2223: 2221: 2220: 2214: 2208: 2202: 2196: 2190: 2184: 2178: 2177:(South Africa) 2171: 2169: 2165: 2164: 2162: 2161: 2155: 2152:Jessica Rawson 2149: 2143: 2137: 2131: 2125: 2118: 2116: 2112: 2111: 2109: 2108: 2102: 2096: 2090: 2084: 2083:(Hungary, USA) 2081:Katalin Karikó 2078: 2072: 2066: 2060: 2054: 2048: 2042: 2036: 2030: 2024: 2018: 2012: 2005: 2003: 1999: 1998: 1996: 1995: 1989: 1983: 1977: 1971: 1965: 1959: 1952: 1950: 1946: 1945: 1937: 1936: 1929: 1922: 1914: 1906: 1905: 1880: 1855: 1830: 1805: 1793:news.gov.bc.ca 1779: 1753: 1728: 1703: 1678: 1652: 1627: 1602: 1577: 1552: 1530: 1504: 1479: 1453: 1427: 1402: 1377: 1351: 1323: 1290: 1264: 1238: 1216: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1206: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1194: 1193: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1181: 1180: 1177: 1171: 1169: 1165: 1164: 1161: 1155: 1153: 1149: 1148: 1145: 1139: 1137: 1133: 1132: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1120: 1119: 1116: 1111: 1109: 1105: 1104: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1092: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1079: 1078: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1066: 1065: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1053: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1040: 1039: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1027: 1026: 1023: 1017: 1015: 1011: 1010: 1007: 1004: 1002: 998: 997: 994: 991: 989: 985: 984: 981: 978: 976: 972: 971: 968: 965: 963: 959: 958: 955: 954:, Grand Prize 949: 947: 943: 942: 939: 933: 931: 927: 926: 923: 917: 915: 911: 910: 907: 904: 902: 898: 897: 894: 891: 889: 885: 884: 881: 878: 876: 872: 871: 868: 865: 863: 859: 858: 855: 852: 850: 846: 845: 842: 839: 837: 833: 832: 829: 826: 824: 820: 819: 816: 813: 811: 807: 806: 803: 800: 798: 794: 793: 790: 787: 785: 781: 780: 777: 772: 770: 766: 765: 762: 759: 757: 753: 752: 749: 746: 744: 740: 739: 736: 733: 731: 727: 726: 723: 720: 718: 714: 713: 710: 707: 704: 700: 699: 696: 693: 691: 687: 686: 683: 682:MRC Scientist 680: 677: 673: 672: 669: 666: 663: 659: 658: 655: 652: 649: 645: 644: 641: 638: 635: 631: 630: 627: 626:Name of Award 624: 621: 612: 609: 606: 605: 602: 598: 597: 594: 590: 589: 586: 582: 581: 578: 574: 573: 570: 566: 565: 562: 558: 557: 554: 550: 549: 546: 542: 541: 538: 534: 533: 530: 526: 525: 522: 516: 515: 512: 508: 507: 504: 500: 499: 496: 492: 491: 488: 484: 483: 480: 476: 475: 472: 468: 467: 464: 457: 456: 451: 440: 437: 434: 433: 420: 417: 414: 411: 407: 406: 397: 394: 391: 388: 387:LNP siRNA TTR 384: 383: 377: 374: 371: 368: 364: 363: 357: 354: 351: 348: 344: 343: 337: 334: 331: 328: 324: 323: 318: 313: 308: 303: 285: 282: 212: 209: 155: 154: 143: 139: 138: 135: 134: 131: 125: 124: 113: 107: 106: 100: 99: 94: 93:Known for 90: 89: 69: 65: 64: 59: 55: 54: 51: 47: 46: 27: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2281: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2245: 2244:Living people 2242: 2240: 2237: 2236: 2234: 2218: 2217:Mary Robinson 2215: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2197: 2194: 2191: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2181:Louise Arbour 2179: 2176: 2173: 2172: 2170: 2166: 2160:(Taiwan, USA) 2159: 2156: 2153: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2141: 2138: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2126: 2124:(Taiwan, USA) 2123: 2120: 2119: 2117: 2113: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2087:Pieter Cullis 2085: 2082: 2079: 2076: 2075:Drew Weissman 2073: 2070: 2067: 2064: 2063:Marc Feldmann 2061: 2058: 2055: 2052: 2049: 2046: 2043: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2031: 2028: 2025: 2022: 2019: 2016: 2013: 2010: 2007: 2006: 2004: 2000: 1993: 1992:Omar M. Yaghi 1990: 1987: 1986:Jeffrey Sachs 1984: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1972: 1969: 1966: 1963: 1960: 1957: 1954: 1953: 1951: 1947: 1942: 1935: 1930: 1928: 1923: 1921: 1916: 1915: 1912: 1894: 1890: 1884: 1869: 1865: 1859: 1844: 1840: 1834: 1819: 1815: 1809: 1794: 1790: 1783: 1768: 1764: 1757: 1742: 1738: 1732: 1717: 1713: 1707: 1692: 1688: 1682: 1666: 1662: 1656: 1641: 1637: 1631: 1616: 1612: 1606: 1591: 1587: 1581: 1566: 1562: 1556: 1540: 1534: 1519: 1515: 1508: 1493: 1489: 1483: 1468: 1464: 1457: 1441: 1437: 1431: 1416: 1412: 1406: 1391: 1387: 1381: 1365: 1361: 1355: 1340: 1336: 1330: 1328: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1303:The Economist 1300: 1294: 1279: 1275: 1268: 1253: 1249: 1242: 1227: 1221: 1217: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1195: 1191: 1188: 1186: 1183: 1182: 1178: 1175: 1172: 1170: 1167: 1166: 1162: 1160: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1150: 1146: 1144: 1140: 1138: 1135: 1134: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1121: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1110: 1107: 1106: 1102: 1100:Killam Prize 1099: 1097: 1094: 1093: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1080: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1068: 1067: 1063: 1060: 1058: 1055: 1054: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1041: 1037: 1034: 1032: 1029: 1028: 1024: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1013: 1012: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 999: 995: 992: 990: 987: 986: 982: 979: 977: 974: 973: 969: 966: 964: 961: 960: 956: 953: 950: 948: 945: 944: 940: 938: 934: 932: 929: 928: 924: 921: 918: 916: 913: 912: 908: 905: 903: 900: 899: 895: 892: 890: 887: 886: 882: 879: 877: 874: 873: 869: 866: 864: 861: 860: 856: 853: 851: 848: 847: 843: 840: 838: 835: 834: 830: 827: 825: 822: 821: 817: 814: 812: 809: 808: 804: 801: 799: 796: 795: 791: 788: 786: 783: 782: 778: 776: 773: 771: 768: 767: 763: 760: 758: 755: 754: 750: 747: 745: 742: 741: 737: 734: 732: 729: 728: 724: 721: 719: 716: 715: 711: 708: 705: 702: 701: 697: 695:Ayerst Award 694: 692: 689: 688: 684: 681: 678: 675: 674: 670: 667: 664: 661: 660: 656: 653: 650: 647: 646: 642: 639: 636: 633: 632: 628: 625: 622: 619: 618: 603: 600: 599: 595: 592: 591: 587: 584: 583: 579: 576: 575: 571: 568: 567: 563: 560: 559: 555: 552: 551: 547: 544: 543: 539: 536: 535: 531: 528: 527: 523: 521: 518: 517: 513: 510: 509: 505: 502: 501: 497: 494: 493: 489: 486: 485: 481: 478: 477: 473: 470: 469: 465: 462: 459: 458: 455: 452: 450: 447: 446: 432: 428: 424: 421: 418: 415: 412: 409: 408: 405: 401: 398: 395: 392: 389: 386: 385: 381: 378: 375: 372: 369: 366: 365: 361: 358: 355: 352: 349: 346: 345: 341: 338: 335: 332: 329: 326: 325: 322: 319: 317: 316:Status (2020) 314: 312: 309: 307: 304: 302: 299: 298: 293: 291: 281: 279: 275: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 244: 243: 237: 235: 234:Health Canada 231: 227: 223: 222:messenger RNA 219: 208: 204: 202: 196: 194: 193:Health Canada 190: 186: 182: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 152: 144: 140: 136: 132: 130: 126: 119: 118: 114: 112: 108: 105: 101: 98: 95: 91: 87: 84: 82: 78: 73: 70: 66: 63: 60: 56: 52: 48: 43: 39: 35: 31: 22: 19: 2195:(Bangladesh) 2189:(UK, Israel) 2134:Stephen Owen 2122:Yu Ying-shih 2086: 2045:Brian Druker 2015:Tasuku Honjo 1980:Jane Goodall 1968:James Hansen 1896:. Retrieved 1892: 1883: 1871:. Retrieved 1867: 1858: 1846:. Retrieved 1842: 1833: 1821:. Retrieved 1817: 1808: 1796:. Retrieved 1792: 1782: 1770:. Retrieved 1766: 1756: 1744:. Retrieved 1740: 1731: 1719:. Retrieved 1715: 1706: 1694:. Retrieved 1691:www.soci.org 1690: 1681: 1669:. Retrieved 1665:Bloom Burton 1664: 1655: 1643:. Retrieved 1639: 1630: 1618:. Retrieved 1614: 1605: 1593:. Retrieved 1589: 1580: 1568:. Retrieved 1564: 1555: 1543:. Retrieved 1541:(in Swedish) 1533: 1521:. Retrieved 1517: 1507: 1495:. Retrieved 1491: 1482: 1470:. Retrieved 1466: 1456: 1444:. Retrieved 1439: 1430: 1418:. Retrieved 1414: 1405: 1393:. Retrieved 1389: 1380: 1368:. Retrieved 1363: 1354: 1342:. Retrieved 1338: 1314:. Retrieved 1302: 1293: 1281:. Retrieved 1277: 1267: 1255:. Retrieved 1251: 1241: 1229:. Retrieved 1220: 1174:Harvey Prize 789:Barre Award 668:MRC Scholar 453: 448: 320: 315: 310: 305: 300: 287: 273: 240: 238: 220:(siRNA) and 214: 205: 197: 159: 158: 115: 103: 75: 18: 2254:1946 births 2213:(Australia) 2175:Albie Sachs 2168:Rule of Law 2158:Hsu Cho-yun 2148:(Australia) 2146:Wang Gungwu 922:(Medicine) 228:(FDA), the 58:Nationality 2233:Categories 2201:(Colombia) 2187:Joseph Raz 2033:Feng Zhang 1941:Tang Prize 1339:alumni UBC 1231:9 December 1212:References 1020:Tang Prize 561:Mesentech 413:Comirnaty 311:Indication 306:Trade Name 149:.liposomes 133:J.R. Marko 2219:(Ireland) 2207:(Lebanon) 2107:(Denmark) 1943:laureates 1311:0013-0613 935:Officer, 390:Onpattro 68:Education 2183:(Canada) 2115:Sinology 2089:(Canada) 2023:(France) 1958:(Norway) 1898:22 April 1873:22 April 1848:22 April 1823:22 April 1798:22 April 1772:22 April 1746:22 April 1721:22 April 1696:22 April 1671:22 April 1645:22 April 1620:22 April 1595:22 April 1570:22 April 1545:22 April 1523:22 April 1497:22 April 1472:22 April 1446:22 April 1420:22 April 1395:22 April 1370:22 April 1364:UBC News 1344:22 April 1316:23 April 1283:23 April 1257:23 April 1157:Member, 1141:Member, 427:BioNTech 370:Marqibo 360:Cephalon 330:Abelcet 274:BNT162b2 263:BioNTech 242:Onpattro 62:Canadian 2142:(Japan) 2071:(Japan) 2017:(Japan) 1976:(India) 629:Agency 431:Acuitas 404:Acuitas 400:Alnylam 350:Myocet 321:Company 278:Acuitas 267:CureVac 142:Website 1309:  620:Start 423:Pfizer 382:/Inex 269:. The 259:Pfizer 191:, and 187:, the 122:(1972) 120:  111:Thesis 2136:(USA) 2130:(USA) 2101:(USA) 2095:(USA) 2077:(USA) 2059:(USA) 2053:(USA) 2047:(USA) 2041:(USA) 2035:(USA) 2029:(USA) 2011:(USA) 1988:(USA) 1970:(USA) 1964:(USA) 1197:2024 1184:2023 1168:2023 1152:2023 1136:2023 1123:2023 1108:2023 1095:2023 1082:2023 1069:2023 1056:2022 1043:2022 1030:2022 1014:2022 1001:2022 988:2022 975:2022 962:2022 946:2022 930:2021 914:2021 901:2021 888:2018 875:2016 862:2015 849:2012 836:2011 823:2011 810:2010 797:2005 784:2005 769:2004 756:2002 743:2000 730:1991 717:1988 706:1989 703:1988 690:1986 679:1989 676:1983 665:1982 662:1978 651:1977 648:1977 637:1976 634:1973 454:Title 340:Enzon 174: 170: 166: 40: 36: 32: 2154:(UK) 1982:(UK) 1900:2024 1875:2024 1850:2024 1825:2024 1800:2024 1774:2024 1748:2024 1723:2024 1698:2024 1673:2024 1647:2024 1622:2024 1597:2024 1572:2024 1547:2024 1525:2024 1499:2024 1474:2024 1448:2024 1422:2024 1397:2024 1372:2024 1346:2024 1318:2024 1307:ISSN 1285:2024 1259:2024 1233:2021 623:End 265:and 232:and 168:FRSC 50:Born 34:FRSC 1278:FDA 1252:FDA 461:UBC 195:. 172:OBC 164:FRS 151:.ca 147:www 38:OBC 30:FRS 2235:: 1891:. 1866:. 1841:. 1816:. 1791:. 1765:. 1739:. 1714:. 1689:. 1663:. 1638:. 1613:. 1588:. 1563:. 1516:. 1490:. 1465:. 1438:. 1413:. 1388:. 1362:. 1337:. 1326:^ 1305:. 1301:. 1276:. 1250:. 176:OC 42:OC 1933:e 1926:t 1919:v 1902:. 1877:. 1852:. 1827:. 1802:. 1776:. 1750:. 1725:. 1700:. 1675:. 1649:. 1624:. 1599:. 1574:. 1549:. 1527:. 1501:. 1476:. 1450:. 1424:. 1399:. 1374:. 1348:. 1320:. 1287:. 1261:. 1235:. 429:/ 425:/ 402:/ 261:/

Index

FRS
FRSC
OBC
OC
Canadian
University of British Columbia
University of British Columbia
University of Oxford
Utrecht University
Lipid nanoparticles
Thesis
Electron paramagnetic resonance of phosphorus doped silicon in the intermediate impurity concentration range
Doctoral advisor
www.liposomes.ca
FRS
FRSC
OBC
OC
lipid nanoparticles
US Food and Drug Agency (FDA)
European Medicines Agency
Health Canada
Acuitas Therapeutics
small interfering RNA
messenger RNA
US Food and Drug Agency
European Medicines Agency
Health Canada
Onpattro
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals

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