404:
hazardous materials and required decontamination for residual chemical agent hazard. Operators heated the TCs to 1,000 °F (538 °C) for 60 minutes, well in excess of the standard required by the Army to achieve chemical agent decontamination. This process significantly reduced liquid waste. Once decontaminated, TCs were loaded onto trailers for transport to a treatment, storage and disposal facility. There, they were cut in half, any remaining residue was removed, and the steel was recycled. PBTCDF successfully completed operations in July 2011; one result of this process was the recycling of more than 6,500,000 lb (3,200 short tons; 2,900 t) of steel.
371:
433:
Facility (PB BDF), to neutralize the binary precursor chemicals DF and QL. After neutralization was completed in
October 2006, demolition of the building commenced. Completed on Dec. 28, 2006, it marked the end of the PB IBPF demolition and the last former chemical warfare production facility destroyed in the United States. This accomplishment was significant since it enabled NSCMP to surpass the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) treaty milestone of demolition of all the nation's former production facilities four months ahead of schedule. Approximately 2,800 tons of metal were recycled from the IBPF.
412:
45:
756:
79:
187:
408:
units, each set up in a vapor containment structure. The EDS uses cutting charges to explosively access chemical munitions, eliminating their explosive capacity before the chemical agent is neutralized. The PBEDS inventory included 4.2-inch mortars as well as German
Traktor rockets, which were captured during World War II. PBEDS operators destroyed the last munition in April 2010, marking the destruction of all non-stockpile materiel declared when the United States entered into the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC).
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60:
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313:. The arsenal supplies specialized production, storage, maintenance and distribution of readiness products, and delivers technical services to the Armed Forces and Homeland Security. It also designs, manufactures and refurbishes smoke, riot control, and incendiary munitions, as well as chemical/biological defense operations items. It serves as a technology center for illuminating and infrared munitions and is also the only place in the Northern Hemisphere where
2049:
1574:
2037:
86:
420:
of the former Pine Bluff
Integrated Binary Production Facilities (PB IBPF), designed to produce binary chemicals and fill binary chemical weapons. These weapons were designed to mix two non-lethal chemicals to form a chemical agent in flight to a target. The DF Production/M20 Canister Fill and Close Facility was the only facility operated. From 1988 to 1990 it produced the binary precursor
719:
696:
432:
Fill
Facility, QL Production Facility and DC Production Facility never operated, and all were demolished. The final remaining PB IBPF building, intended to fill binary munitions for the Multiple Launch Rocket System, but never used for that purpose, was reutilized as the Pine Bluff Binary Destruction
407:
Pine Bluff
Explosive Destruction System (PBEDS): PBEDS began operations in June 2006 to destroy more than 1,200 recovered chemical warfare munitions at the arsenal, the largest inventory of recovered chemical warfare materiel in the nation. The system involved three Explosive Destruction System (EDS)
464:
was suspected to have ignited the fire that destroyed a warehouse at the Pine Bluff
Arsenal on 6 June 2005. White smoke from the fire was seen as far away as 6 mi (9.7 km). When the fire was extinguished, approximately 19 hours later, officials reported the fire destroyed more than 7,500
436:
Assessment: Contents of recovered items at the arsenal were identified using the Pine Bluff
Munitions Assessment System (PBMAS). PBMAS determined the contents and explosive condition of items before processing to enhance safe handling, treatment and disposal. PBMAS began analyzing the items in July
419:
Pine Bluff Former
Production Facilities: The arsenal once housed two chemical warfare production facilities, and NSCMP was charged with destroying them to comply with the CWC. Destroyed in 1999, the BZ Fill Facility filled munitions with the agent BZ, a hallucinogen. In 2003, NSCMP began demolition
440:
Chemical Agent
Identification Set (CAIS) Destruction: Another successful NSCMP mission at the arsenal included the Rapid Response System (RRS), a transportable treatment technology, which processed more than 5,300 CAIS items once stored at the arsenal. The RRS began operations in August 2005, and
403:
Pine Bluff Ton
Container Decontamination Facility (PBTCDF): The PBTCDF began operations in September 2003, with the mission of decontaminating and recycling more than 4,300 short tons (3,900 t) containers (TCs) stored at the arsenal. The 1,600 lb (730 kg) steel containers once held
330:
The Pine Bluff Arsenal was established on November 2, 1941, for the manufacture of incendiary grenades and bombs. 5,000 acres, purchased from local physician James W. John, Sr, served as the foundation for the site. It was originally named the Chemical Warfare Arsenal but was renamed four months
399:
completed their safe elimination in November 2010. The arsenal also safely stored other items classified as non-stockpile chemical materiel, which is not part of the nation's chemical weapons stockpile. The U.S. Army Chemical Material Agency completed a number of treaty-mandated chemical warfare
481:
Pine Bluff Arsenal has a total area of 13,493 acres (55 km; 21 sq mi) with 665 buildings, 271 igloos and storage capacity of 2,090,563 sq ft (190,000 m). Additionally, Pine Bluff Arsenal has more than 5,000 acres (20 km; 7.8 sq mi) of land with the
437:
2005, using an X-ray system known as Digital Radiography and Computed Tomography, along with an assessment system known as Portable Isotopic Neutron Spectroscopy. Prior to PBMAS, NSCMP also assessed 300 drums that contained recovered chemical warfare materiel, known as the XP300 mission.
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Capabilities of the center include: chemical defense and test equipment; individual and collective chemical protection and decontamination systems; chemical material surveillance program; machining, fabrication and assembly; specialty ammunition production;
335:, the plant expanded from making magnesium and thermite incendiary munitions to a chemical warfare manufacturing facility as well, producing lethal gases and chemical compounds installed in artillery shells and specifically designed bombs.
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The Pine Bluff Arsenal chemical weapons stockpile consisted of declared quantities of rockets, land mines, and ton containers. These obsolete weapons were safely stored in high-security structures and carefully monitored until the
415:
While empty today, 1,600-pound steel containers stored at Pine Bluff Arsenal once held hazardous materials and required decontamination. Operators decontaminated the last 4,307 ton containers in July 2011.
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completed processing in November 2006. For decades the arsenal stored chemical agent rockets (GB55's). During the 1980s, these were defueled and the warheads were destroyed.
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U.S. Army Completes Chemical Stockpile Destruction at Pine Bluff Chemical Agent Disposal Facility, U.S. Army Chemical Materials Agency, News release, Nov. 15, 2010
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362:. Between 1954 and 1967, at least seven different biological agents were produced at the facility. All biological agents were destroyed between 1971 and 1973.
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Pine Bluff Chemical Activity and Pine Bluff Chemical Agent Disposal Facility, What is Stockpile/Non-Stockpile, U.S. Army Chemical Materials Agency Fact Sheet
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later. The mission expanded to include production and storage of pyrotechnic, riot control, and chemical-filled munitions. At the height of
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are filled. Its Homeland Security mission includes first-responder equipment training and surveillance of pre-positioned equipment.
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Disposal of Chemical Agents and Munitions Stored at Pine Bluff Arsenal, Pine Bluff, Arkansas, Final Phase I Environmental Report
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Weapons of Mass Destruction: An Encyclopedia of Worldwide Policy, Technology, and History (2 volume set)
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potential to be developed. Most residents are civilians working for the Department of Defense.
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378:, standing right, formally receives the transfer of biological facilities in 1971. The
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operations were conducted at the arsenal from 1953 to 1969; but operations ceased when
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Pine Bluff Arsenal is one of nine Army installations in the United States that stored
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This article is about the military installation in Arkansas. For other uses, see
424:(DF), inserting the chemical into coffee can-sized M20 canisters for use in the
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In an incident after World War II, several captured German rockets containing
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stockpile." This stockpile was safely destroyed March 2005 - November 2010.
1966:
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canisters of white phosphorus. In the same article, AP reported the
2012:
is something associated with Pine Bluff but outside the city limits
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512:"Summary of PBA from the US Army Chemical Materials Agency website"
387:
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Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture, Pine Bluff Arsenal
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production; and quality assurance and joint logistics services.
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were accidentally launched into the surrounding countryside.
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155 mm Binary Artillery Projectile. The BLU-80/B
213:
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disposal operations at the arsenal, described below.
2109:
Cold War military installations of the United States
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Pine Bluff Arsenal, Pine Bluff, Jefferson County, AR
564:
Larsen, Jeff; Wirtz, James J.; Croddy, Eric (2005).
338:
2114:Historic American Engineering Record in Arkansas
2085:
2144:United States Army arsenals during World War II
374:U.S. Food and Drug Administration Commissioner
2139:Populated places in Jefferson County, Arkansas
1855:Arts and Science Center for Southeast Arkansas
1830:Pine Bluff and Jefferson County Library System
453:were stored in large bunkers on the premises.
1644:
1492:
971:
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633:Leak Suspected Cause in Arkansas Arsenal Fire
1987:
2124:Military installations established in 1941
1735:(including former Southeast Arkansas Prep)
1651:
1637:
1499:
1485:
978:
964:
816:
802:
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380:National Center for Toxicological Research
85:
1933:Randall L. Williams Correctional Facility
548:
546:
2159:United States biological weapons program
1658:
987:United States biological weapons program
410:
369:
2164:World War II sites in the United States
2104:Chemical weapons destruction facilities
469:was home to 12 percent of the nation's
2086:
786:Articles related to Pine Bluff Arsenal
654:"Pine Bluff Arsenal In-depth Overview"
543:
534:
532:
1632:
1555:Fort Chaffee Maneuver Training Center
1480:
959:
797:
784:
1885:Merchants and Planters Bank Building
1802:University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff
762:Historic American Engineering Record
2149:United States Army Materiel Command
539:Pine Bluff Chemical Activity (PBCA)
529:
397:U.S. Army Chemical Materials Agency
13:
2129:Military installations in Arkansas
1436:Korean War bio-warfare allegations
673:
460:reported a leak in a container of
14:
2180:
1431:Soviet biological weapons program
1395:Plum Island Animal Disease Center
1330:U.S. Army Biological Warfare Labs
741:
298:, about eight miles northwest of
2071:
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2035:
1572:
722: This article incorporates
717:
699: This article incorporates
694:
185:
84:
77:
58:
43:
2099:1941 establishments in Arkansas
1451:U.S. biological defense program
1446:U.S. biological weapons program
873:Lake City Army Ammunition Plant
847:McAlester Army Ammunition Plant
707:Joint Munitions Command website
603:"Pine Bluff Arsenal Fact Sheet"
485:
365:
325:
893:Scranton Army Ammunition Plant
842:Crane Army Ammunition Activity
646:
637:
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595:
586:
557:
504:
339:Cold War and late 20th century
302:and thirty miles southeast of
1:
2169:Biological warfare facilities
1385:One-Million-Liter Test Sphere
938:Training and Special Services
888:Radford Army Ammunition Plant
863:Holston Army Ammunition Plant
684:Oak Ridge National Laboratory
498:
476:
2134:Pine Bluff metropolitan area
2119:Military history of Arkansas
1674:Commercial Historic District
924:Letterkenny Munitions Center
467:Pine Bluff Chemical Activity
7:
1870:Jefferson County Courthouse
1380:Horn Island Testing Station
878:Milan Army Ammunition Plant
493:less than lethal ammunition
422:methylphosphonic difluoride
21:Pine Bluff (disambiguation)
10:
2185:
1814:Southeast Arkansas College
868:Iowa Army Ammunition Plant
730:Pine Bluff Arsenal website
382:(NCTR) was established at
320:
315:white phosphorus munitions
36:Jefferson County, Arkansas
18:
16:United States Army arsenal
2007:
1980:
1959:
1950:The Pine Bluff Commercial
1941:
1911:
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1528:
1519:
1461:War Bureau of Consultants
1408:
1375:Granite Peak Installation
1322:
1246:
1165:
1049:
993:
945:Defense Ammunition Center
937:
909:Anniston Munitions Center
901:
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72:
57:
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2154:United States Army posts
1924:(former Diagnostic Unit)
1850:Arkansas Railroad Museum
1695:Primary & secondary
689:
67:Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
1758:(also of Pine Bluff SD)
828:Joint Munitions Command
764:(HAER) No. AR-2, "
1560:Robinson Army Airfield
1509:military installations
1247:Operations and testing
1218:Flettner rotor bomblet
835:Production and Storage
724:public domain material
701:public domain material
416:
391:
1898:Saracen Casino Resort
1795:Tertiary institutions
1777:(of Watson Chapel SD)
1426:Entomological warfare
1355:Dugway Proving Ground
1289:Operation Magic Sword
1269:Operation Dark Winter
914:Blue Grass Army Depot
768:", 55 data pages
658:militaryonesource.mil
414:
373:
233:November 2, 1941
130:34.33250°N 92.08667°W
1786:St. Peter's Catholic
1660:Pine Bluff, Arkansas
1466:War Research Service
1456:U.S. bio-weapons ban
1193:E48 particulate bomb
919:Hawthorne Army Depot
100:Location in Arkansas
52:2011 Satellite Photo
1995:King Cotton Classic
1781:St. Joseph Catholic
1546:Army National Guard
1400:Vigo Ordnance Plant
1350:Deseret Test Center
1304:Operation Whitecoat
1299:Operation Polka Dot
1279:Operation Drop Kick
1254:Operation Sea-Spray
390:the following year.
235: (82 years ago)
135:34.33250; -92.08667
126: /
2094:Pine Bluff Arsenal
1972:Pine Bluff Transit
1922:Barbara Ester Unit
1890:Pine Bluff Arsenal
1771:(of Pine Bluff SD)
1421:Biological warfare
1390:Pine Bluff Arsenal
1264:Operation Big Itch
1259:Operation Big Buzz
1021:Enterotoxin type B
883:Pine Bluff Arsenal
825:United States Army
776:Military OneSource
772:Pine Bluff Arsenal
735:United States Army
712:United States Army
417:
392:
376:Charles C. Edwards
360:biological weapons
349:Biological weapons
288:United States Army
284:Pine Bluff Arsenal
252:Corps of Engineers
193:United States Army
93:Pine Bluff Arsenal
29:Pine Bluff Arsenal
2023:
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2017:
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2003:
2002:
1860:Community Theatre
1838:
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1739:Ridgway Christian
1733:Friendship Aspire
1626:
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1568:
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1474:
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1294:Operation May Day
1178:E133 cluster bomb
1050:Researched agents
994:Weaponized agents
953:
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929:Tooele Army Depot
579:978-1-85109-490-5
280:
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270:American Campaign
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1721:Watson Chapel HS
1716:Watson Chapel SD
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1416:Biological agent
1238:M33 cluster bomb
1213:E96 cluster bomb
1208:E86 cluster bomb
1203:E77 balloon bomb
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471:chemical weapons
462:white phosphorus
458:Associated Press
311:chemical weapons
292:Jefferson County
290:installation in
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1441:List of topics
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1988:Discontinued
1967:Grider Field
1948:
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1807:See template
1756:Dollarway HS
1751:Dollarway SD
1535:
1389:
1365:Fort Douglas
1360:Fort Detrick
1345:Building 470
1340:Building 257
1335:Building 101
1233:M143 bomblet
1188:E23 munition
1183:E14 munition
1173:E120 bomblet
1157:Yellow fever
1077:Dengue fever
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661:. Retrieved
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516:the original
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486:Capabilities
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366:21st century
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333:World War II
329:
326:World War II
308:
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265:World War II
258:Battles/wars
225:Site history
199:Open to
163:(5,460
92:
1865:Hotel Pines
1614:Little Rock
1309:Project 112
1122:Psittacosis
1102:Melioidosis
1097:Lassa fever
1011:Brucellosis
430:Bigeye Bomb
304:Little Rock
133: /
109:Coordinates
2088:Categories
1775:Coleman HS
1769:Merrill HS
1536:Pine Bluff
1370:Fort Terry
1323:Facilities
1137:Rinderpest
1092:Hantavirus
1026:Rice blast
856:Production
663:2021-02-26
619:2008-11-21
522:2009-07-01
499:References
477:Facilities
300:Pine Bluff
240:1941-11-02
169:sq mi
121:92°05′12″W
118:34°19′57″N
2066:Chemistry
1843:Landmarks
1823:Libraries
1688:Education
1583:Air Force
1228:M115 bomb
1223:M114 bomb
1166:Munitions
1031:Tularemia
384:Jefferson
353:President
2054:Arkansas
1548:Airfield
1513:Arkansas
1507:Current
1198:E61 bomb
1142:Smallpox
1087:Glanders
1067:Bird flu
1006:Botulism
570:ABC-CLIO
388:Arkansas
296:Arkansas
2028:Portals
1981:Culture
1697:schools
1529:Arsenal
1016:Q fever
1001:Anthrax
902:Storage
358:banned
321:History
238: (
209:Website
159:13,493
150:Arsenal
1745:Closed
1147:Typhus
1112:Plague
576:
190:
1942:Media
1915:Units
1667:Areas
1591:Range
1127:Ricin
1072:CHIKV
726:from
703:from
690:Notes
613:(PDF)
606:(PDF)
356:Nixon
286:is a
230:Built
216:.army
181:Owner
161:acres
1607:Base
1521:Army
574:ISBN
456:The
426:M687
282:The
218:.mil
156:Area
146:Type
50:NASA
2010:(*)
1913:ADC
1893:(*)
1511:in
1152:WEE
1132:RVF
1107:VND
1082:EEE
1062:BHF
1057:AHF
1036:VEE
774:at
214:pba
65:AMC
2090::
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545:^
531:^
449:,
447:VX
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386:,
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294:,
204:No
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451:G
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171:)
23:.
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