3752:
267:
1589:
1895:"Deliberate manipulation of Uruguayan politics for external advantage began in the year 1835, when Juan Manuel de Rosas became president of the Argentine Confederation . In 1836 the Colorados revolted against the Blanco-controlled government, which they overthrew two years later. The Blancos turned to President Rosas for support, which he willingly supplied. In 1839 the new Colorado-controlled government declared war on Argentina, starting a twelve-year conflict. Rosas not only enabled the Blancos to dominate the Uruguayan countryside but also encouraged them to give aid and asylum to the Farrapos rebels, across the frontier in Rio Grande do Sul." —Roderick J. Barman in
995:
1254:
1478:
1175:
1233:, a member of the pro-war faction and later Viscount of Uruguai, was chosen as the new minister of Foreign Affairs. Soares made clear his intent to deal with Argentina without foreign assistance, announcing that the "Imperial Government does not desire or judge convenient an alliance with France or any other European nation related to the matters in the Platine region. It understands that they must be resolved by the nations which are closely connected with... It will not admit European influence over America." The Empire of Brazil was determined to extend its zone of influence over South America.
473:
178:
1385:
485:
324:
165:
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411:
399:
387:
356:
124:
1687:
191:
152:
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513:
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204:
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280:
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1818:"In the first half of the 19th century Juan Manuel de Rosas came to prominence as a caudillo in Buenos Aires province, representing the interests of rural elites and landowners. He became governor of the province in 1829 and, while he championed the Federalist cause, he also helped centralize political power in Buenos Aires and required all international trade to be funneled through the capital. His reign lasted more than 20 years (from 1829 to 1852), and he set ominous precedents in Argentine political life, creating the infamous
893:, for some time establishing Brazilian hegemony over much of South America. The war ushered in a period of economic and political stability in the Empire of Brazil. With Rosas gone, Argentina began a political process which would result in a more unified state. However, the end of the Platine war did not completely resolve issues within the Platine region. Turmoil continued in subsequent years, with internal disputes among political factions in Uruguay, a long civil war in Argentina, and an emergent Paraguay asserting its claims.
1673:
encompassing the territories of the old
Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, a goal cherished by many in Argentina since independence. Brazil's army and fleet had accomplished what the United Kingdom and France, the great powers of that time, had not achieved through interventions by their powerful navies. This represented a watershed for the history of the region, ushering in Brazilian hegemony over the Platine region and, according to Brazilian historian J. F. Maya Pedrosa, the rest of South America as well. The
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435:
423:
139:
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639:
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311:
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1240:, which would have been costly, the Council decided to rely on the standing army. It sent a contingent south to secure the region. Brazil held an advantage in possessing a powerful and modern navy, along with an experienced professional army hardened by years of internal and external warfare. Up until this point, no other nation in South America possessed true navies or regular armies. Rosas' and Oribe's forces were largely made up of irregular troops on loan from those
917:
1908:"quando o Brasil firmou-se como um país de governo sólido e situação interna estabilizada, a partir da vitória sobre a Farroupilha, em 1845, e contra a revolta pernambucana, consolidando, definitivamente, sua superioridade no continente. Compete admitir que, nesta mesma época, as novas repúblicas debatiam-se em lutas internas intermináveis iniciadas em 1810 e sofriam de visível complexo de insegurança em relação ao Brasil" —J. F. Maya Pedrosa in
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1288:, became a private councilor to President Carlos Antonio López. A defensive alliance was signed on 25 December 1850 between Brazil and Paraguay, in which López agreed to supply the Empire with horses for its army. But Paraguay refused to contribute troops to fight Rosas, believing that Justo José de Urquiza (who had invaded Uruguay in 1839 and in 1845), the ruler of the Argentine Entre Ríos province, secretly wished to annex Paraguay.
1608:
1,000 artillerymen). On the
Argentine side, Rosas had 15,000 cavalrymen, 10,000 infantrymen and 1,000 artillerymen, totalling 26,000 men and 60 cannon. Rosas had been able to select the best positions for his army, choosing the high ground on the slopes of a hill at Caseros, which lay on the other side of the Morón creek. His headquarters were in a mansion at the top of Caseros.
1564:
1466:
1805:"He became governor of Buenos Aires in 1829. The city of Buenos Aires remained at the center of Argentine politics, but now as a provincial capital. In reaction to the chaos that the political wars of the 1820s had created, he instituted an authoritarian regime. Rosas grew notorious for his repression of political opponents." —Daniel K. Lewis in
1752:. López feared that the province of Mato Grosso might become a base from which an invasion from Brazil could be launched. This dispute was also leverage with the Imperial government for acceptance of his territorial demands in the region. The nation also experienced difficulties in delimiting its borders with Argentina which wanted the whole
1555:) and entered the port at Buenos Aires to select the best place to disembark his troops. He expected to have to defeat the Argentine flotilla anchored there, but the force did nothing to stop him and he safely returned to Sacramento to plan his assault. The attack was aborted, however, when news arrived of the Allied victory at Caseros.
1516:. The Argentine troops exchanged fire with the Brazilian warships but were unable to prevent them from progressing upriver. The following day, the Brazilian ships returned and broke their way through the Tonelero's defences, carrying the remaining troops of Marques de Sousa's Brazilian division upstream towards
1930:"The end of the Paraguayan War marked the apogee of the Imperial regime in Brazil. It is the 'Golden Age' of the monarchy." and "...Brazil had a reputation in the international community that, with the sole exception of the United States of America, no other country in the Americas held." —Heitor Lyra in
1643:, where he would spend the last twenty years of his life. The official report stated that 600 men on the Allied side had been wounded or died, while the Argentine losses were 1,400 killed or wounded and 7,000 captured. Given the duration and scale of the battle, however, this may be an underestimate.
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Paraguay held its own conflict against Juan Manuel de Rosas receiving very substantial support from the Empire of Brazil. President Carlos
Antonio López declared war against Rosas and in the first phase of the "Paraguayan front" (1845–1846), Paraguay invaded the Province of Corrientes hoping to cause
1607:
On 3 February the Allied army encountered the main
Argentine force commanded by Rosas himself. On paper, the two sides were well-matched. The Allies included 20,000 Argentines, 2,000 Uruguayans, 4,000 Brazilian elite troops totalling 26,000 men and 45 cannon (16,000 cavalrymen, 9,000 infantrymen and
1439:
and tributaries, prevented the defeated army of Oribe from escaping into
Argentina. Urquiza suggested to Grenfell that they should simply kill the resulting prisoners of war, but Grenfell refused to harm any of them. Instead, Oribe's Argentine soldiers were incorporated into the army of Urquiza, and
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The members of the
Brazilian Cabinet could not reach agreement as to how to address the danger posed by Rosas. Some ministers advocated seeking a peaceful resolution at any cost. These feared Brazil was unprepared for war and that a defeat would lead to a situation similar to the chaos following the
1125:
Rosas was determined to restore
Argentine suzerainty over Uruguay and take revenge on Gonçalves. A series of interventions resulted. In 1839 an army led by Lavalleja, Oribe and Justo José de Urquiza, (Governor of Entre Rios) was quickly defeated by Rivera. At this point, Lavalleja turned his back on
1113:
in 1835, with the ultimate aim of enabling
Argentina to annex the province of Rio Grande do Sul. Together, Lavalleja and Gonçalves initiated a military campaign in Uruguay which was characterized by extensive violence and pillage. Gonçalves betrayed Rosas and Lavalleja by becoming an ally of Rivera.
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decided that the best way to maintain his own rule and the independence of
Paraguay from Argentina was to isolate the country from contacts with the outside world. It was for this reason that, up until 1840, Paraguay had avoided establishing diplomatic relations with other nations. With the death of
1747:
With the opening of the
Platine rivers, Paraguay found it possible to contract with European technicians and Brazilian specialists to aid in its development. Unhindered access to the outside world also enabled it to import more advanced military technology. During the greater part of the 1850s, the
1347:
Uruguay, Brazil and the Argentine provinces of Entre Rios and Corrientes joined in an offensive Alliance against Rosas on 29 May 1851. The text of the treaty declared that the objective was to protect Uruguayan independence, pacify its territory, and expel Oribe's forces. Urquiza would command the
1215:
For the Brazilian Empire, expansionist plans on the part of powerful, republican Argentina represented an existential threat. It also meant a threat to Brazilian hegemony across its southern borders. A successful Argentine bid to incorporate Paraguay and Uruguay into a reconstituted Viceroyalty of
48:
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resulted in a decisive victory for the Allies. Although they started with the inferior position on the battlefield, the Allied soldiers managed to annihilate Rosas' troops in a fight that lasted for most of the day. A few minutes before the Allied forces reached Rosas' headquarters, the Argentine
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on the east side of the Paraná River in the middle of December 1851. Eugenio Garzón and the Uruguayan troops were taken from Montevideo up to Potrero Perez by Brazilian warships and continued on foot until arriving at Diamante on 30 December 1851, when all the Allied forces were finally reunited.
1310:
Brazil had also been searching for support against Rosas inside Argentina, with some success. On 1 May 1851, the province of Entre Ríos, still governed by Urquiza, declared to Rosas that "it is the will of its people to re-assume the entire exercise of its own sovereignty and power which had been
1137:
Oribe's control of nearly all of Uruguay had been secured, enabling him to launch an invasion of southern Brazil, his forces stealing cattle, looting ranches, and liquidating political enemies as they went. More than 188 Brazilian farms were attacked, with 814,000 cattle and 16,950 horses stolen.
1019:
signed two treaties in July 1841. These were the "Friendship, Commerce and Navigation" and "Limits" agreements made with the Argentine province of Corrientes, which itself had broken away from Argentina under Rosas. Meanwhile, Rosas increasingly put pressure on Paraguay. He continued to refuse to
1427:
Meanwhile, the troops of Urquiza and Eugenio Garzón had surrounded the army of Oribe near Montevideo. Their forces numbered roughly 15,000 men, almost double Oribe's 8,500. Realising that the Brazilians were approaching and knowing that there was no hope of victory, Oribe ordered his troops to
1043:
The friendship and alliance between the Republic of Paraguay and the Empire of Brazil remained strong until 1852, when Rosas was finally overthrown. In fact, the Brazilian diplomacy played a key role for the recognition of the Independence of Paraguay. On the other hand, Paraguay gave its full
1672:
The triumph in Caseros was a pivotal military victory for Brazil. The independence of Paraguay and Uruguay was secured, and the planned Argentine invasion of Rio Grande do Sul was blocked. In a period of three years, the Empire of Brazil had destroyed any possibility of reconstituting a state
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The Count of Caxias led a Brazilian army of 16,200 professional soldiers across the border between Rio Grande do Sul and Uruguay on 4 September 1851. His force consisted of four divisions, with 6,500 infantrymen, 8,900 cavalrymen, 800 artillerymen and 26 cannons, a little under half the total
1044:
support to Brazil, fighting its own campaign against Buenos Aires. However, in the final phase of the conflict (1851–1852), President Carlos López refused to join forces with the Allied army, keeping a defensive role (as established with Brazil). This was because López was very suspicious of
986:. Rosas first had to gather allies across the region who shared his vision. In some instances, this meant that he had to become involved in the internal politics of neighboring countries, backing those sympathetic to union with Argentina, and occasionally even financing rebellions and wars.
1677:
eighteen years later would only be a confirmation of Brazilian dominance. The country came out of the conflict with its monarchy strengthened and the cessation of internal revolts, including in the province of Rio Grande do Sul, entering into a period of economic and cultural prosperity.
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the conflict and played no further part in the civil war. Rosas sent another army of Argentines and Uruguayans in 1845, led by Oribe and Urquiza, and this time defeated Rivera's forces, slaughtering the survivors. Rivera was one of the few who managed to escape, and went into exile in
1283:
Isolationist Paraguay was more difficult to win over. Brazil made the initial overtures, becoming the first country to formally recognise Paraguayan independence in 1844. This soon led to the establishment of excellent diplomatic relations. The Brazilian ambassador in Paraguay,
1571:
The Allied army had been advancing on the Argentine capital of Buenos Aires by land, while the Brazilian Army commanded by Caxias planned a supporting attack by sea. On 29 January, the Allied vanguard defeated a force of 4,000 Argentines led by two colonels which General
1646:
To mark their victory, the Allied troops marched in triumph through the streets of Buenos Aires. The parades included the Brazilian Army, which insisted that their triumphal procession take place on 20 February, to mark payback for the defeat it had suffered at the
1295:, the Count of Caxias, assumed the presidency (governorship) of Rio Grande do Sul and the command of the four Brazilian Army divisions headquartered in the province. Beginning in 1849, the Imperial government directly assisted the besieged Uruguayan government of
946:, a faction which demanded greater provincial autonomy, in practice Rosas exercised control over the other provinces and become the virtual dictator of Argentina. During his 20-year government, the country witnessed the resurgence of armed conflicts between the
1717:, Buenos Aires seceded from the confederation, thus dividing Argentina into two rival, independent states which fought to establish dominance. On the one side were the Federalists of the Argentine Confederation, led by Justo José de Urquiza. On the other, the
1315:, which sent the same message. Brazil encouraged and financially supported both uprisings. One of the reasons for Urquiza's betrayal of Rosas was a long-running rivalry. Rosas had tried to remove him from power several times since 1845, suspecting that the
836:, had gained dictatorial control over other Argentine provinces, his rule was plagued by a series of regional rebellions. Meanwhile, Uruguay struggled with its own civil war, which started after gaining independence from the Brazilian Empire in 1828 in the
1150:, its brief independence and subsequent annexation by the U.S. As conflict further escalated with the persistent support of Rosas for the Blancos, anarchy spread over wide areas in the region; with a growing threat to trade, the era's two greatest powers,
1220:
and Rio de Janeiro. With river transportation denied, the alternative land routes would require months of travel instead of days. Nor was Brazil keen to share a direct border with Argentina, fearing an increased vulnerability to an invasion by Rosas.
1865:"O ditador de Buenos Aires, Juan Manuel de Rosas, sonhou reconstituir o antigo vice-reinado do Prata, criado na segunda metade do século XVIII e que abrangia, além da Argentina, as atuais repúblicas do Uruguai, Paraguai e Bolívia (alto Peru)." —
1852:"A tentativa do ditador da Confederação Argentina, Juan Manuel de Rosas, na década de 1830, de se impor às antigas províncias do vice-reinado do Rio da Prata, abrigando–as em um Estado nacional sob sua chefia". —Francisco Doratioto in
1584:
by two allied divisions. On 1 February 1852, the Allied troops encamped approximately nine kilometers from Buenos Aires. The next day a brief skirmish between the vanguards of both armies ended with a retreat by the Argentines.
1280:(later the Viscount of Rio Branco). Brazil signed a treaty with Bolivia in which Bolivia agreed to strengthen its border defenses to deter any attack by Rosas, though it declined to contribute troops to a war with Argentina.
1493:, while the other would make a landing at the port of Buenos Aires itself. The first of these groups was composed of Uruguayan and Argentine troops, along with the 1st Division of the Brazilian Army under Brigadier General
1759:
The end of the Platine War did not bring a halt to conflict in the region. Peace remained out of reach in Uruguay, which remained unstable and in a state of constant crisis due to continuing internecine strife between the
1639:
dictator escaped the battlefield. Disguised as a sailor, he sought out Robert Gore, the British ambassador in Buenos Aires, and requested asylum. The ambassador agreed to have Rosas and his daughter Manuelita taken to the
941:
in 1828. In theory, Rosas only held as much power as governors of the other Argentine provinces, but in reality, he ruled over the entire Argentine Confederation, as the country was then known. Although he was one of the
1447:
Uruguayan territory, fending off remnants of Oribe's troops who attacked its flanks in several skirmishes. On 21 November the representatives of Brazil, Uruguay, Entre Ríos and Corrientes then formed another alliance in
1419:, protecting Caxias' left. Canabarro's 4th Division joined Caxias's troops shortly after arriving at the Uruguayan town of Frutuoso, the combined force then joining up with Fernandes just before reaching Montevideo.
1523:
The Allied army continued to make its way to the assembly point at Gualeguaichu. Urquiza and his cavalry traveled overland from Montevideo, while the infantry and artillery were carried by Brazilian warships up the
1536:
From Diamante contingents were ferried to the other side of the Paraná River, landing at Santa Fe. The Confederate Argentine troops in the region ran away without offering any resistance. The Allied Army, or the
1244:
who supported them. Even a decade later, Argentina could only field an army of 6,000 men. Brazil also decided to adopt Rosas' own tactics by financing his opponents to weaken him both internally and externally.
961:
in 1776 and which was extinguished in 1825. He aimed to build a powerful, republican state with Argentina placed at the center. The defunct Viceroyalty had shattered into several separate nations following the
1544:
Meanwhile, the second force, comprising the majority of the Brazilian troops (about 12,000 men) under the command of Caxias, had remained in Colonia del Sacramento. The Brazilian commander took the steamship
1319:
was nurturing designs for his overthrow. This was the trigger for military intervention, and Brazil sent a naval force to the Platine region, basing it near the port of Montevideo. The British Rear admiral
719:
1631:—the latter both leading the Argentine Unitarians. These men formed a War Council, and gave orders to commence the attack. Almost immediately the forward units of the two armies began to engage in battle.
1520:. This second influx of ships caused Mansilla and his soldiers to withdraw in chaos, abandoning their artillery, believing that the Allies were intending to land and attack their positions from the rear.
1722:
1216:
the Río de la Plata (and control of the Platine river network consequently passing into entirely hostile hands) would have threatened to cut communication between the Brazilian province of
1512:. The Argentines had formed a powerful defensive line at The Tonelero Pass, near the cliffs of Acevedo, protected by 16 pieces of artillery and 2,000 riflemen under the command of general
1355:
This was followed on 2 August 1851 by landings of the first Brazilian detachments in Uruguay, consisting of approximately 300 soldiers of the 6th Battalion of Skirmishers sent to protect
1082:
had become the independent Oriental Republic of Uruguay after the Cisplatine War of the 1820s. The country soon was engulfed in a long civil war between its two political parties: the
1010:
Paraguay considered itself a sovereign nation since 1811, but it was not recognized as such by any other nation. Argentina viewed it as a rebellious province. The Paraguayan dictator
852:, which threatened Brazilian interests and sovereignty since the old Spanish Viceroyalty had also included territories which had long been incorporated into the Brazilian province of
1344:. The Brazilian Armada had a total of 59 vessels of various types in 1851, including 36 armed sailing ships, 10 armed steamships, 7 unarmed sailing ships and 6 sailing transports.
729:
1307:
government of Uruguay against Oribe, something it had been covertly doing for more than two years. This did not please the Argentine government, which began mobilizing for war.
1651:
twenty five years before on that date. The population of Buenos Aires was said to have looked on silently with a combination of shame and hostility as the Brazilians passed.
739:
1236:
The cabinet settled upon a risky alternative to resolve the complicated situation in the Platine region. Instead of undertaking a period of conscription to build up the
1101:
Lavalleja soon discovered that Rosas in neighbouring Buenos Aires was interested in aiding him financially and militarily. In 1832, Lavalleja began to receive aid from
1713:
to meet in Santa Fe. This agreement was not accepted by the province of Buenos Aires, since it reduced its influence and power over the other provinces. Following the
1581:
1504:
On 17 December 1851, a squadron of Brazilian ships, consisting of four steamships, three corvettes and one brig under the command of Grenfell, forced a passage of the
744:
1285:
1577:
882:. Afterwards, the Allied army was divided, with the main arm advancing by land to engage Rosas' main defenses and the other launching a seaborne assault directed at
1489:
Shortly after the surrender of Oribe, the Allied forces split into two groups, the plan being for one force to maneuver upriver and sweep down on Buenos Aires from
1166:
was repeatedly bombarded by the Anglo-French fleet. The Argentine government was able to mount an effective resistance, however, leading to a peace accord in 1849.
458:
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Brazil actively pursued ways to eliminate the threat from Rosas. In 1851, it allied with the Argentine breakaway provinces of Corrientes and Entre Ríos (led by
1620:
1312:
1616:
1668:
Test of locomotive of Mauá Railroad, 1856. The internal stability occasioned by the victory made possible the material development of the Brazilian Empire.
1792:"Brasil possuía uma reputação na comunidade internacional que, com a única exceção dos Estados Unidos da América, nenhum outro país americano tinha". See
1230:
1768:. Border disputes, power struggles among diverse regional factions, and attempts to establish regional and internal influence would eventually spark the
1349:
439:
724:
821:). The conflict took place in Uruguay and northeastern Argentina, and on the Río de la Plata. Uruguay's internal troubles, including the longrunning
692:
1415:, comprising the 4th division, protecting Caxias' right flank. The third force, the 3rd Division under Brigadier General José Fernandes, left from
1300:
1040:
which was under Rosas' rule, resisting in their positions while suffering heavy losses against the counterattacks of the forces of Buenos Aires.
1159:
1494:
1208:
in the 1830s, however, there had been several internal rebellions driven by local disputes for power within a few provinces. One of these, the
415:
1882:"Cresceu, então, o velho receio do Paraguai, por que o objetivo de Rosas sempre foi reconstituir o Vice-Reinado." —J. F. Maya Pedrosa in
1839:
and sought its 'recovery', aiming to extend its frontiers of the confederation to those of the old Spanish viceroyalty." —John Lynch in
1292:
403:
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at the beginning of the 19th century. To achieve reunification, the Argentine government needed to annex the three neighboring countries –
1155:
258:
1362:
According to Herrera y Obes, Rosas would have said, as war approached: "poor Brazilians, I'm going to make of their Emperor my butler".
3681:
1303:
to transfer money to the Montevideo government through his bank. On 16 March 1851, the Empire of Brazil openly declared its support of
1134:. The violence in Uruguay escalated, with Oribe's men killing more than 17,000 Uruguayans and 15,000 Argentinians during the conflict.
1229:, the Emperor's father. Other ministers took the position that only a military response would eliminate the threat. In 1849, however,
1612:
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region: a demand which Paraguay could not accept, as this would entail surrendering more than half of its national territory.
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with the objective of "freeing the Argentine people from the oppression it suffers under the tyrant rule of Governor Rosas".
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954:
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1693:(photo of 1854) led Buenos Aires against the Argentine Confederation until he reunified Argentina after his victory in the
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and of the Cisplatine War, was appointed to lead the fleet, which reached Montevideo on 4 May 1851. His command included 1
4014:
3915:
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The Brazilian government set about creating a regional alliance against Rosas, sending a delegation to the region led by
1403:
The Brazilian Army entered Uruguay in three groups: the main force, consisting of the 1st and 2nd divisions left from
1130:. What remained of Rivera's Colorados held power only in the country's capital Montevideo as Oribe's forces began the
1122:, like the betrayed Lavalleja a member of the Blanco party, resigned his position as president and fled to Argentina.
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in green. The viceroyalty was split among Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay after Wars of Independence.
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Ramos R., Antonio (2016): "La Independencia del Paraguay y el Imperio del Brasil", pp. 763-771. Brasilia: FUNAG.
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and ally. The war was part of a decades-long dispute between Argentina and Brazil for influence over Uruguay and
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1623:(who replaced Garzón after his unexpected death in December 1851), Urquiza, and the future Argentine presidents
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would lead the Colorado Uruguayans, with both receiving financial and military aid from the Empire of Brazil.
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1517:
1325:
1190:. It thrived under democratic institutions and a constitutional monarchy and prided itself on the absence of
1020:
recognize Paraguayan independence and placed a blockade on international traffic to and from Paraguay on the
963:
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in this conflict, and further desired to extend Argentine borders to areas formerly occupied by the Spanish
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in Montevideo, and on 6 September 1850 the Uruguayan representative Andres Lamas signed an agreement with
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was only brought to an end with the decisive victory of Buenos Aires over the Confederation at the 1861
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delegated to the governor of Buenos Aires." It was followed by the province of Corrientes, governed by
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Allied forces first advanced into Uruguayan territory, defeating Rosas' Blanco party supporters led by
1573:
1400:
Brazilian army (37,000 men); while another 4,000 of his men remained in Brazil to protect its border.
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Local Brazilians independently decided to retaliate, making raids into Uruguay which became known as "
560:
3828:
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3788:
3783:
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followed during the next two decades, sparked by territorial ambitions and conflicts over influence.
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By the middle of the 19th century, the Empire of Brazil was the richest and most powerful nation in
1033:
3823:
3793:
1407:—around 12,000 men under Caxias's personal command. The second force, under the command of Colonel
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1083:
864:
841:
328:
156:
3392:
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Herrera a Lamas, 28 de febrero de 1850 (Correspondencia Diplomáática de M. Herrera y Obes, II 232)
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1822:(his ruthless political police force) and institutionalizing torture." —Danny Palmerlee in
1529:
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501:
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Both then invaded Uruguay and overran most of the country outside the environs of the capital,
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794:
183:
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In 1850, the Platine region was politically unstable. Although the Governor of Buenos Aires,
1580:. Pacheco retreated. Two days later, troops under his personal command were defeated at the
1257:
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in Uruguay. Brazil next secured the south-western flank by signing defensive alliances with
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https://elparlante.com.py/historia-del-paraguay/guerra-de-paraguay-contra-rosas-1845-1852/
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in the south of Uruguay across the Río de la Plata estuary from the city of Buenos Aires.
1032:, which fared poorly. In the second phase however (1847–1850), the Paraguayans under Gen.
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8:
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39:
35:
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1835:"Rosas had never recognized Paraguay as an independent nation. He still called it the
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1538:
1436:
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818:
489:
82:
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3766:
3637:
3609:
3599:
3578:
3559:
3540:
3481:
3458:
3439:
3432:
3404:
3397:
3378:
3359:
3318:
3299:
3244:
3216:
3199:
3189:
2187:
2170:
Urdapilleta, Emilio (10 April 2021): "Guerra del Paraguay contra Rosas (1945–1852)".
1635:
1588:
1428:
surrender without a fight on 19 October, and retreated into seclusion on his farm in
1106:
1048:, former General of Rosas' army who became the leader of the Argentine insurrection.
1037:
979:
890:
875:. Faced with an offensive alliance against his regime, Rosas declared war on Brazil.
853:
749:
368:
209:
60:; Charge of Urquiza's cavalry in Caseros; Passage of Brazilian fleet at the Tonelero.
53:
3185:
Republic of Capital: Buenos Aires and the Legal Transformation of the Atlantic World
3751:
3690:
1748:
dictator Carlos López harassed Brazilian vessels attempting to freely navigate the
1393:
Movement of the Allied forces into Uruguayan (left) and Argentine (right) territory
1200:
which were common across the rest of the continent. During the minority of emperor
1095:
786:
766:
129:
3622:
1429:
1408:
1273:
947:
930:
829:– "The Great War"), were heavily influential factors leading to the Platine War.
806:
169:
1505:
1359:(Cerro Fort). In response, Rosas declared war against Brazil on 18 August 1851.
1253:
1021:
4070:
4060:
4024:
3982:
3958:
3952:
1773:
1749:
1640:
1209:
1127:
1110:
938:
894:
837:
814:
99:
20:
3203:
4096:
4006:
3976:
3613:
1769:
1706:
1525:
1187:
1664:
1600:
56:; Uruguayan infantry aiding Entre Ríos cavalry in Caseros; Beginning of the
1735:
liberal leader Bartolomé Mitre was elected the first President of a united
1541:" as it was officially called by Urquiza, marched on towards Buenos Aires.
1163:
1119:
1071:
883:
879:
572:
4075:
4034:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
1705:
was signed. It was meant to comply with the constitutional mandate of the
1686:
1174:
3526:(in Portuguese) (2nd ed.). Rio de Janeiro: Livraria Editora Cátedra.
1497:(later the Count of Porto Alegre). It was initially based in the town of
1217:
889:
The Platine War ended in February of 1852 with the Allied victory at the
1416:
2974:
2930:
2891:
2729:
2364:
2084:
1753:
1731:
1449:
1143:
1115:
1079:
916:
1477:
1384:
1291:
Brazil's involvement in the Uruguayan civil war also began to deepen.
1062:
994:
3964:
1528:. After meeting up, they marched west until they reached the city of
1341:
3349:(in Portuguese). Vol. 2. Brasília: Instituto Nacional do Livro.
1412:
47:
3659:
3296:
Pacto imperial: origens do federalismo no Brasil do século XIX
1375:
1333:
1191:
975:
868:
810:
285:
226:
3213:
Citizen Emperor: Pedro II and the Making of Brazil, 1825–1891
1329:
971:
967:
872:
849:
790:
245:
3624:
Memórias do grande exército alliado libertador do Sul da América
1142:", in reference to the violence in western North America during
781:; 18 August 1851 – 3 February 1852) was fought between the
72:
18 August 1851 – 3 February 1852; 5 months, 2 weeks, 2 days
3506:
História de Dom Pedro II (1825–1891): Fastígio (1870–1880)
3497:
História de Dom Pedro II (1825–1891): Ascenção (1825–1870)
3377:(in Portuguese). Vol. 2. Porto Alegre: L&PM Editores.
2539:
1952:
1950:
1435:
The Brazilian fleet, with their ships scattered throughout the
1151:
1147:
1003:
983:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2647:
2645:
2125:
2123:
670:
3627:(in Portuguese). Rio Grande do Sul: Tipografia de B. Berlink.
1595:, future President of Argentina. He is wearing the Brazilian
1074:, 1852. The Argentine capital was the center of Rosas' power.
2813:
1947:
1709:
that presided over the Argentine Confederation, convening a
3653:
História do Brasil: período colonial, monarquia e república
3148:
2712:
2642:
2611:
2196:
2120:
1465:
1337:
1028:
a rebellion alongside the Argentine dissidents led by Gen.
1015:
Francia, this policy began to shift, and his successor Don
937:
after the brief period of anarchy following the end of the
848:. This meant asserting control over Uruguay, Paraguay, and
3655:(in Portuguese) (15th ed.). São Paulo: Melhoramentos.
3425:(in Portuguese). Vol. 3. DIFEL/Difusão Editorial S.A.
3347:
História do Exército Brasileiro: Perfil militar de um povo
2495:
2493:
2491:
2154:
2152:
2150:
1563:
3558:(in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Biblioteca do Exército.
2476:
2291:
2289:
2237:
2235:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
1455:
3575:
Latin America's Wars: The age of the caudillo, 1791–1899
3517:(in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Biblioteca do Exército.
3344:
3138:
3136:
2980:
2941:
2897:
2753:
2735:
2466:
2464:
2388:
2386:
2377:
2330:
2328:
2099:
2043:
2041:
1158:, were induced to declare war on Argentina and impose a
3508:(in Portuguese). Vol. 2. Belo Horizonte: Itatiaia.
3499:(in Portuguese). Vol. 1. Belo Horizonte: Itatiaia.
3097:
3037:
3025:
2986:
2952:
2950:
2830:
2828:
2741:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2510:
2508:
2488:
2427:
2425:
2264:
2262:
2147:
2135:
2011:
2009:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1365:
923:, governor of Buenos Aires and Foreign Affairs head of
3160:
3121:
3085:
3073:
3015:
3013:
2920:
2918:
2903:
2881:
2879:
2840:
2801:
2791:
2789:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2575:
2449:
2398:
2313:
2301:
2286:
2274:
2247:
2232:
2220:
2208:
2174:. Asunción, Paraguay. Retrieved: 16 April 2021. Link:
2110:
2108:
2053:
2028:
2026:
2024:
1105:, a soldier and farmer from the Brazilian province of
3524:
A Marinha de Guerra do Brasil na Colônia e no Império
3133:
3109:
3049:
2998:
2962:
2669:
2599:
2587:
2551:
2461:
2410:
2383:
2325:
2072:
2038:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
3061:
2947:
2825:
2765:
2563:
2520:
2505:
2422:
2352:
2340:
2259:
2006:
1962:
3315:
Maldita Guerra: Nova história da Guerra do Paraguai
3188:. Redwood City, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
3010:
2915:
2876:
2864:
2852:
2786:
2693:
2681:
2657:
2623:
2437:
2105:
2021:
1902:
950:(his rival political faction) and the Federalists.
3532:
3473:
3431:
3396:
3317:(in Portuguese). São Paulo: Companhia das Letras.
3280:(in Portuguese). Brasília: Biblioteca do Exército.
3262:. 5 v (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: J. Olympio.
1981:
1889:
1859:
52:From top to bottom: Brazilian 1st Division in the
1473:passing through Tonelero and Argentine batteries.
4094:
1915:
1225:loss of Cisplatina in the 1820s, which ended in
249:
3391:
1956:
105:Brazilian hegemony in the Platine region starts
1876:
1829:
3675:
3515:Osório : síntese de seu perfil histórico
3423:História Geral da Civilização Brasileira (II)
1924:
1611:The Allied commanders were Marques de Sousa,
1599:given to him by Pedro II during his exile in
1443:The Brazilian army easily took the remaining
1212:, had been led by Gonçalves, as noted above.
686:
3598:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
3503:
3494:
2723:
2651:
2545:
2129:
1931:
1846:
1793:
779:Guerra do Prata, Guerra contra Oribe e Rosas
3636:(in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva.
3457:(in Portuguese). Belo Horizonte: Itatiaia.
3682:
3668:
3334:Revista de História da Biblioteca Nacional
3332:Doratioto, Francisco (2009). "Hermanos?".
3293:
3271:(in Portuguese). Brasília: Senado Federal.
2482:
1812:
1169:
905:
693:
679:
16:1851–1852 war between Argentina and Brazil
3530:
3512:
3399:The Contemporary History of Latin America
3331:
3312:
3289:(in Portuguese). São Paulo: Editora Três.
3285:Costa, Virgílio Pereira da Silva (2003).
3154:
3103:
3031:
2992:
2499:
2158:
2141:
1853:
1823:
1799:
1576:had sent to slow down the advance at the
1248:
1118:. Defeated, the then-Uruguayan president
1111:to rebel against the Brazilian government
1109:. Gonçalves had been encouraged by Rosas
3476:Argentine caudillo: Juan Manuel de Rosas
3275:
2819:
2747:
1786:
1685:
1663:
1587:
1562:
1483:passing through defences at The Tonelero
1476:
1464:
1272:(later the Marquis of Paraná), who held
1252:
1173:
1061:
993:
933:Juan Manuel de Rosas became governor of
915:
263:
3631:
3591:
3572:
3553:
3417:
3353:
3229:
3215:. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
3181:
3166:
3142:
3127:
3115:
3091:
3079:
2909:
2846:
2807:
2771:
2617:
2593:
2581:
2533:
2514:
2470:
2455:
2404:
2319:
2307:
2295:
2280:
2268:
2253:
2241:
2226:
2214:
2202:
2066:
2047:
1975:
1909:
1883:
1742:
4095:
3650:
3620:
3266:
3257:
3210:
3055:
3004:
2968:
2675:
2605:
2557:
2416:
2392:
2334:
2078:
2015:
1896:
1460:
1456:Stage 2 – Allied invasion of Argentina
3663:
3471:
3429:
3372:
3358:(in Portuguese). São Paulo: Saraiva.
3284:
3238:
3067:
3043:
3019:
2956:
2870:
2858:
2834:
2795:
2687:
2663:
2569:
2431:
2358:
2346:
2032:
2000:
1840:
1806:
1701:Soon after the Battle of Caseros the
1051:
953:Rosas desired to recreate the former
674:
3689:
3621:Títara, Ladislau dos Santos (1852).
3521:
3452:
2924:
2885:
2759:
2706:
2636:
2443:
2114:
1870:
1508:in the battle which became known as
1366:Stage 1 – Allied invasion of Uruguay
4015:Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil
3298:(in Portuguese). São Paulo: Globo.
3243:(in Portuguese). São Paulo: Ática.
3234:(in Portuguese). Fortaleza: SECULT.
13:
3592:Shumway, Nicolas (18 March 1993).
3269:História da Civilização Brasileira
1422:
1182:around the time of the Platine War
1000:Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
955:Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
846:Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
785:and an alliance consisting of the
14:
4119:
3453:Lima, Manuel de Oliveira (1989).
3403:. Durham: Duke University Press.
3345:Estado-maior do Exército (1972).
1567:Painting of the Battle of Caseros
1558:
895:Two more major international wars
793:, and the Argentine provinces of
81:Uruguay, Argentine northeast and
3750:
3513:Magalhães, João Batista (1978).
3438:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
3356:A Guerra do Paraguai (1864–1870)
1383:
1374:
1012:José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia
801:, with the participation of the
637:
627:
611:
601:
591:
566:
554:
542:
511:
495:
483:
471:
452:
433:
421:
409:
397:
385:
354:
334:
322:
309:
294:
278:
265:
251:
238:
219:
202:
189:
176:
163:
150:
137:
122:
46:
3539:(6th ed.). Lonely Planet.
3354:Furtado, Joaci Pereira (2000).
3182:Adelman, Jeremy (2 July 2002).
2777:
2180:
2164:
1715:revolution of 11 September 1852
1160:blockade on the Río de la Plata
700:
1615:(later the Marquis of Erval),
1440:the Uruguayans into Garzon's.
1276:authority. He was assisted by
1078:The old Brazilian province of
980:portion of the southern region
978:, as well as to incorporate a
957:, created by the Spanish king
1:
3634:Dicionário do Brasil Imperial
3313:Doratioto, Francisco (2002).
3175:
2981:Estado-maior do Exército 1972
2942:Estado-maior do Exército 1972
2898:Estado-maior do Exército 1972
2736:Estado-maior do Exército 1972
2378:Estado-maior do Exército 1972
2100:Estado-maior do Exército 1972
1326:Brazilian War of Independence
1270:Honório Hermeto Carneiro Leão
964:Argentine War of Independence
900:
840:. Rosas backed the Uruguayan
94:Brazilian-led allied victory
4040:Francisco José do Nascimento
3947:Confederation of the Equator
3554:Pedrosa, J. F. Maya (2004).
3522:Maia, João do Prado (1975).
3340:(41). Rio de Janeiro: SABIN.
3260:História de D. Pedro II
3211:Barman, Roderick J. (1999).
1941:
1681:
1654:
1551:(named in honor of the late
1278:José Maria da Silva Paranhos
1231:Paulino José Soares de Sousa
98:Buenos Aires clout over the
7:
3573:Scheina, Robert L. (2003).
3294:Dolhnikoff, Miriam (2005).
1779:
1597:Order of the Southern Cross
1539:Grand Army of South America
1510:the Passage of the Tonelero
1301:Irineu Evangelista de Sousa
989:
58:Battle of the Tonelero Pass
10:
4124:
3595:The Invention of Argentina
3419:Holanda, Sérgio Buarque de
3276:Carvalho, Affonso (1976).
3232:Guerra do Rosas: 1851–1852
1675:War of the Triple Alliance
1593:Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
1293:Luís Alves de Lima e Silva
1055:
909:
18:
4048:
4005:
3996:
3931:
3874:
3867:
3842:
3816:
3807:
3789:Prince Imperial of Brazil
3784:Brazilian imperial family
3759:
3748:
3697:
3632:Vainfas, Ronaldo (2002).
3531:Palmerlee, Danny (2008).
3430:Lewis, Daniel K. (2001).
3230:Barroso, Gustavo (2000).
1659:
1227:abdication by Dom Pedro I
1132:Great Siege of Montevideo
1036:occupied the Province of
710:
650:
581:
346:
115:
64:
45:
33:
28:
3434:The history of Argentina
1582:Battle of Marques Bridge
813:, and hegemony over the
662:11,000+ dead and wounded
526:Governor of Buenos Aires
19:Not to be confused with
3906:Imperial Brazilian Navy
3884:Imperial Brazilian Army
3855:Reverse parliamentarism
3239:Bueno, Eduardo (2003).
1921:Later Viscount of Mauá.
1867:Manuel de Oliveira Lima
1711:Constitutional Assembly
1578:Battle of Alvarez Field
1514:Lucio Norberto Mansilla
1495:Manuel Marques de Sousa
1238:Imperial Brazilian Army
1170:Empire of Brazil reacts
925:Argentine Confederation
906:Rosas rule in Argentina
783:Argentine Confederation
656:6,500+ dead and wounded
303:Argentine Confederation
4066:Eusébio de Queirós Law
4056:Abolitionism in Brazil
3709:Independence of Brazil
3651:Vianna, Hélio (1994).
3556:A Catástrofe dos Erros
3393:Halperín Donghi, Tulio
3267:Calmon, Pedro (2002).
3258:Calmon, Pedro (1975).
1837:província del Paraguay
1698:
1669:
1604:
1568:
1499:Colonia del Sacramento
1486:
1474:
1265:
1249:Alliance against Rosas
1183:
1088:Juan Antonio Lavalleja
1075:
1034:Francisco Solano López
1007:
927:
863:), and the anti-Rosas
778:
770:
347:Commanders and leaders
3894:Fatherland Volunteers
3577:. Dulles: Brassey's.
3504:Lyra, Heitor (1977).
3495:Lyra, Heitor (1977).
1772:as well as the later
1719:State of Buenos Aires
1703:San Nicolás Agreement
1689:
1667:
1591:
1566:
1480:
1468:
1405:Santana do Livramento
1348:Argentine forces and
1256:
1177:
1065:
1046:Justo José de Urquiza
997:
919:
861:Justo José de Urquiza
817:(areas bordering the
651:Casualties and losses
3850:Constitution of 1824
3742:Units of measurement
3480:. Lanham: SR Books.
3472:Lynch, John (2001).
3455:O Império brasileiro
3241:Brasil: Uma História
2822:, pp. 185, 186.
2762:, pp. 256, 257.
2620:, pp. 114, 115.
2205:, pp. 113, 114.
1957:Halperín Donghi 2007
1743:Paraguay and Uruguay
1322:John Pascoe Grenfell
1017:Carlos Antonio López
921:Juan Manuel de Rosas
912:Argentine Civil Wars
834:Juan Manuel de Rosas
803:Republic of Paraguay
502:Carlos Antonio López
40:Uruguayan Civil Wars
3817:Political instances
3794:Prince of Grão-Pará
3373:Golin, Tau (2004).
2548:, pp. 158–162.
2172:El Parlante Digital
1649:Battle of Ituzaingó
1481:Brazilian warships
1461:Allied army advance
1324:, a veteran of the
1204:, which led to the
1070:(River Plate) from
1058:Uruguayan Civil War
823:Uruguayan Civil War
478:Justo J. de Urquiza
4030:José do Patrocínio
3157:, pp. 95, 96.
3046:, pp. 42, 43.
1737:Argentine Republic
1699:
1670:
1613:Manuel Luis Osório
1605:
1569:
1487:
1475:
1266:
1258:Justo José Urquiza
1184:
1146:'s revolt against
1076:
1052:Uruguayan conflict
1008:
1004:Portuguese-America
928:
341:Argentine militias
316:Cerrito Government
144:Defence Government
4108:Conflicts in 1851
4088:
4087:
4084:
4083:
3992:
3991:
3863:
3862:
3767:Emperor of Brazil
3643:978-85-7302-441-8
3605:978-0-520-08284-7
3584:978-1-57488-450-0
3565:978-85-7011-352-8
3546:978-1-74104-702-8
3487:978-0-8420-2898-1
3464:978-85-319-0517-9
3445:978-1-4039-6254-6
3410:978-0-8223-1374-8
3384:978-85-254-1438-0
3365:978-85-02-03102-9
3336:(in Portuguese).
3324:978-85-359-0224-2
3305:978-85-250-4039-8
3250:978-85-08-08213-1
3222:978-0-8047-3510-0
3195:978-0-8047-6414-8
2192:978-85-7631-582-7
1826:, pp. 32–33.
1636:Battle of Caseros
1629:Domingo Sarmiento
1621:Jose Miguel Galán
1313:Benjamín Virasoro
1180:Dom Pedro II
1107:Rio Grande do Sul
891:Battle of Caseros
854:Rio Grande do Sul
758:
757:
669:
668:
549:Lucio N. Mansilla
459:José Miguel Galán
369:Emperor of Brazil
111:
110:
54:Battle of Caseros
4115:
4003:
4002:
3941:Independence War
3899:List of generals
3889:Military Academy
3872:
3871:
3834:Moderating Power
3829:General Assembly
3814:
3813:
3799:Prince of Brazil
3754:
3691:Empire of Brazil
3684:
3677:
3670:
3661:
3660:
3656:
3647:
3628:
3617:
3588:
3569:
3550:
3538:
3527:
3518:
3509:
3500:
3491:
3479:
3468:
3449:
3437:
3426:
3414:
3402:
3388:
3369:
3350:
3341:
3328:
3309:
3290:
3281:
3272:
3263:
3254:
3235:
3226:
3207:
3170:
3164:
3158:
3152:
3146:
3140:
3131:
3125:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3089:
3083:
3077:
3071:
3065:
3059:
3053:
3047:
3041:
3035:
3029:
3023:
3017:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2990:
2984:
2978:
2972:
2966:
2960:
2954:
2945:
2939:
2928:
2922:
2913:
2907:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2883:
2874:
2868:
2862:
2856:
2850:
2844:
2838:
2832:
2823:
2817:
2811:
2805:
2799:
2793:
2784:
2781:
2775:
2769:
2763:
2757:
2751:
2745:
2739:
2733:
2727:
2724:Lyra 1977, Vol 1
2721:
2710:
2704:
2691:
2685:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2661:
2655:
2652:Lyra 1977, Vol 1
2649:
2640:
2634:
2621:
2615:
2609:
2603:
2597:
2591:
2585:
2579:
2573:
2567:
2561:
2555:
2549:
2546:Lyra 1977, Vol 1
2543:
2537:
2531:
2518:
2512:
2503:
2497:
2486:
2480:
2474:
2468:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2435:
2429:
2420:
2414:
2408:
2402:
2396:
2390:
2381:
2375:
2362:
2356:
2350:
2344:
2338:
2332:
2323:
2317:
2311:
2305:
2299:
2293:
2284:
2278:
2272:
2266:
2257:
2251:
2245:
2239:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2184:
2178:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2145:
2139:
2133:
2130:Lyra 1977, Vol 1
2127:
2118:
2112:
2103:
2097:
2082:
2076:
2070:
2064:
2051:
2045:
2036:
2030:
2019:
2013:
2004:
1998:
1979:
1973:
1960:
1954:
1935:
1932:Lyra 1977, Vol 2
1928:
1922:
1919:
1913:
1906:
1900:
1893:
1887:
1880:
1874:
1863:
1857:
1850:
1844:
1833:
1827:
1816:
1810:
1803:
1797:
1794:Lyra 1977, Vol 2
1790:
1617:Jose Maria Pirán
1469:Location of the
1387:
1378:
1357:Fuerte del Cerro
1196:, dictators and
1096:Fructuoso Rivera
827:La Guerra Grande
787:Empire of Brazil
725:Uruguay campaign
705:
695:
688:
681:
672:
671:
642:
641:
640:
632:
631:
630:
616:
615:
614:
606:
605:
604:
596:
595:
594:
571:
570:
569:
559:
558:
557:
547:
546:
545:
529:
519:Juan M. de Rosas
516:
515:
514:
500:
499:
498:
488:
487:
486:
476:
475:
474:
467:
457:
456:
455:
448:
438:
437:
436:
426:
425:
424:
416:Marques de Sousa
414:
413:
412:
402:
401:
400:
392:John P. Grenfell
390:
389:
388:
372:
359:
358:
357:
339:
338:
337:
327:
326:
325:
314:
313:
312:
300:
298:
297:
290:
284:
282:
281:
275:
271:
269:
268:
261:
257:
255:
254:
244:
242:
241:
231:
225:
223:
222:
208:
206:
205:
195:
193:
192:
182:
180:
179:
170:Argentine rebels
168:
167:
166:
155:
154:
153:
142:
141:
140:
131:Empire of Brazil
128:
126:
125:
66:
65:
50:
26:
25:
4123:
4122:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4093:
4092:
4089:
4080:
4044:
3988:
3927:
3859:
3838:
3803:
3755:
3746:
3693:
3688:
3644:
3606:
3585:
3566:
3547:
3488:
3465:
3446:
3411:
3385:
3366:
3325:
3306:
3287:Duque de Caxias
3251:
3223:
3196:
3178:
3173:
3165:
3161:
3153:
3149:
3141:
3134:
3126:
3122:
3114:
3110:
3102:
3098:
3090:
3086:
3078:
3074:
3066:
3062:
3054:
3050:
3042:
3038:
3030:
3026:
3018:
3011:
3003:
2999:
2991:
2987:
2979:
2975:
2967:
2963:
2955:
2948:
2940:
2931:
2923:
2916:
2908:
2904:
2896:
2892:
2884:
2877:
2869:
2865:
2857:
2853:
2845:
2841:
2833:
2826:
2818:
2814:
2806:
2802:
2794:
2787:
2782:
2778:
2770:
2766:
2758:
2754:
2746:
2742:
2734:
2730:
2722:
2713:
2705:
2694:
2686:
2682:
2674:
2670:
2662:
2658:
2650:
2643:
2635:
2624:
2616:
2612:
2604:
2600:
2592:
2588:
2580:
2576:
2568:
2564:
2556:
2552:
2544:
2540:
2532:
2521:
2513:
2506:
2498:
2489:
2483:Dolhnikoff 2005
2481:
2477:
2469:
2462:
2454:
2450:
2442:
2438:
2430:
2423:
2415:
2411:
2403:
2399:
2391:
2384:
2376:
2365:
2357:
2353:
2345:
2341:
2333:
2326:
2318:
2314:
2306:
2302:
2294:
2287:
2279:
2275:
2267:
2260:
2252:
2248:
2240:
2233:
2225:
2221:
2213:
2209:
2201:
2197:
2185:
2181:
2169:
2165:
2157:
2148:
2140:
2136:
2128:
2121:
2113:
2106:
2098:
2085:
2077:
2073:
2065:
2054:
2046:
2039:
2031:
2022:
2014:
2007:
1999:
1982:
1974:
1963:
1955:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1938:
1929:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1907:
1903:
1894:
1890:
1881:
1877:
1864:
1860:
1851:
1847:
1834:
1830:
1817:
1813:
1804:
1800:
1791:
1787:
1782:
1745:
1727:Battle of Pavón
1695:Battle of Pavón
1691:Bartolomé Mitre
1684:
1662:
1657:
1625:Bartolomé Mitre
1561:
1471:Imperial Armada
1463:
1458:
1430:Paso del Molino
1425:
1423:Defeat of Oribe
1409:David Canabarro
1397:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1380:
1379:
1368:
1274:plenipotentiary
1251:
1172:
1103:Bento Gonçalves
1068:Río de la Plata
1060:
1054:
992:
914:
908:
903:
819:Río de la Plata
759:
754:
720:Río de la Plata
706:
701:
699:
665:
646:
638:
636:
628:
626:
620:
612:
610:
602:
600:
592:
590:
577:
567:
565:
555:
553:
543:
541:
538:
537:
523:
522:
512:
510:
506:
496:
494:
490:Bartolomé Mitre
484:
482:
472:
470:
461:
453:
451:
442:
434:
432:
422:
420:
410:
408:
404:Count of Caxias
398:
396:
386:
384:
381:
380:
366:
365:
355:
353:
335:
333:
323:
321:
310:
308:
306:
295:
293:
288:
279:
277:
276:
266:
264:
262:
252:
250:
248:
239:
237:
236:
232:
229:
220:
218:
217:
215:Co-belligerent:
203:
201:
190:
188:
177:
175:
172:
164:
162:
151:
149:
138:
136:
134:
123:
121:
85:
83:Río de la Plata
51:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4121:
4111:
4110:
4105:
4086:
4085:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4073:
4071:Rio Branco Law
4068:
4063:
4061:Netto Question
4058:
4052:
4050:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4025:Joaquim Nabuco
4022:
4020:André Rebouças
4017:
4011:
4009:
4000:
3994:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3986:
3983:Paraguayan War
3980:
3974:
3968:
3962:
3959:Ragamuffin War
3956:
3953:Cisplatine War
3950:
3944:
3937:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3923:Military Ranks
3920:
3919:
3918:
3913:
3903:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3880:
3878:
3869:
3865:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3857:
3852:
3846:
3844:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3824:Prime Minister
3820:
3818:
3811:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3763:
3761:
3757:
3756:
3749:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3701:
3699:
3698:General topics
3695:
3694:
3687:
3686:
3679:
3672:
3664:
3658:
3657:
3648:
3642:
3629:
3618:
3604:
3589:
3583:
3570:
3564:
3551:
3545:
3528:
3519:
3510:
3501:
3492:
3486:
3469:
3463:
3450:
3444:
3427:
3415:
3409:
3389:
3383:
3370:
3364:
3351:
3342:
3329:
3323:
3310:
3304:
3291:
3282:
3273:
3264:
3255:
3249:
3236:
3227:
3221:
3208:
3194:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3171:
3159:
3155:Doratioto 2002
3147:
3132:
3130:, p. 168.
3120:
3108:
3104:Doratioto 2002
3096:
3094:, p. 257.
3084:
3082:, p. 173.
3072:
3070:, p. 196.
3060:
3058:, p. 195.
3048:
3036:
3032:Doratioto 2009
3024:
3009:
3007:, p. 407.
2997:
2993:Magalhães 1978
2985:
2983:, p. 554.
2973:
2971:, p. 161.
2961:
2959:, p. 158.
2946:
2944:, p. 553.
2929:
2927:, p. 258.
2914:
2912:, p. 112.
2902:
2900:, p. 551.
2890:
2888:, p. 257.
2875:
2863:
2851:
2849:, p. 101.
2839:
2837:, p. 150.
2824:
2812:
2810:, p. 229.
2800:
2785:
2776:
2764:
2752:
2750:, p. 181.
2740:
2738:, p. 548.
2728:
2726:, p. 164.
2711:
2709:, p. 256.
2692:
2680:
2678:, p. 387.
2668:
2656:
2654:, p. 163.
2641:
2639:, p. 159.
2622:
2610:
2608:, p. 390.
2598:
2586:
2584:, p. 119.
2574:
2572:, p. 148.
2562:
2560:, p. 391.
2550:
2538:
2519:
2504:
2500:Doratioto 2002
2487:
2485:, p. 206.
2475:
2460:
2458:, p. 232.
2448:
2446:, p. 158.
2436:
2434:, p. 207.
2421:
2419:, p. 371.
2409:
2407:, p. 110.
2397:
2395:, p. 527.
2382:
2380:, p. 547.
2363:
2361:, p. 146.
2351:
2349:, p. 145.
2339:
2337:, p. 526.
2324:
2322:, p. 303.
2312:
2310:, p. 121.
2300:
2298:, p. 120.
2285:
2283:, p. 119.
2273:
2258:
2256:, p. 117.
2246:
2244:, p. 114.
2231:
2229:, p. 448.
2219:
2217:, p. 116.
2207:
2195:
2179:
2163:
2159:Doratioto 2002
2146:
2142:Doratioto 2002
2134:
2132:, p. 160.
2119:
2117:, p. 255.
2104:
2102:, p. 546.
2083:
2081:, p. 528.
2071:
2069:, p. 113.
2052:
2050:, p. 447.
2037:
2035:, p. 156.
2020:
2018:, p. 196.
2005:
1980:
1961:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1923:
1914:
1901:
1899:, p. 125.
1888:
1875:
1873:, p. 158.
1858:
1854:Doratioto 2002
1845:
1843:, p. 140.
1828:
1824:Palmerlee 2008
1811:
1798:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1774:Paraguayan War
1750:Paraguay River
1744:
1741:
1683:
1680:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1641:United Kingdom
1560:
1559:Rosas defeated
1557:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1424:
1421:
1411:departed from
1392:
1391:
1382:
1381:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1350:Eugenio Garzón
1260:, governor of
1250:
1247:
1210:Ragamuffin War
1206:regency period
1171:
1168:
1156:United Kingdom
1128:Rio de Janeiro
1056:Main article:
1053:
1050:
1030:José María Paz
991:
988:
939:Cisplatine War
910:Main article:
907:
904:
902:
899:
865:Colorado party
838:Cisplatine War
815:Platine region
807:co-belligerent
771:Guerra Platina
756:
755:
753:
752:
747:
745:Marques Bridge
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
711:
708:
707:
698:
697:
690:
683:
675:
667:
666:
664:
663:
659:
657:
653:
652:
648:
647:
645:
644:
634:
623:
621:
619:
618:
608:
598:
587:
584:
583:
579:
578:
576:
575:
563:
551:
533:
532:
531:
507:
505:
504:
492:
480:
468:
449:
440:Eugenio Garzón
430:
428:Joaquín Suárez
418:
406:
394:
376:
375:
374:
349:
348:
344:
343:
332:
331:
291:
259:United Kingdom
213:
212:
199:
186:
161:
160:
159:
118:
117:
113:
112:
109:
108:
107:
106:
103:
100:Platine region
91:
87:
86:
80:
78:
74:
73:
70:
62:
61:
43:
42:
31:
30:
21:Cisplatine War
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4120:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4091:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4047:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4008:
4007:Abolitionists
4004:
4001:
3999:
3995:
3984:
3981:
3978:
3977:Uruguayan War
3975:
3972:
3969:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3924:
3921:
3917:
3916:List of ships
3914:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3870:
3866:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3806:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3768:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3758:
3753:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3685:
3680:
3678:
3673:
3671:
3666:
3665:
3662:
3654:
3649:
3645:
3639:
3635:
3630:
3626:
3625:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3601:
3597:
3596:
3590:
3586:
3580:
3576:
3571:
3567:
3561:
3557:
3552:
3548:
3542:
3537:
3536:
3529:
3525:
3520:
3516:
3511:
3507:
3502:
3498:
3493:
3489:
3483:
3478:
3477:
3470:
3466:
3460:
3456:
3451:
3447:
3441:
3436:
3435:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3406:
3401:
3400:
3394:
3390:
3386:
3380:
3376:
3371:
3367:
3361:
3357:
3352:
3348:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3330:
3326:
3320:
3316:
3311:
3307:
3301:
3297:
3292:
3288:
3283:
3279:
3274:
3270:
3265:
3261:
3256:
3252:
3246:
3242:
3237:
3233:
3228:
3224:
3218:
3214:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3191:
3187:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3169:, p. 13.
3168:
3163:
3156:
3151:
3145:, p. 14.
3144:
3139:
3137:
3129:
3124:
3118:, p. 17.
3117:
3112:
3106:, p. 29.
3105:
3100:
3093:
3088:
3081:
3076:
3069:
3064:
3057:
3052:
3045:
3040:
3034:, p. 80.
3033:
3028:
3022:, p. 43.
3021:
3016:
3014:
3006:
3001:
2995:, p. 64.
2994:
2989:
2982:
2977:
2970:
2965:
2958:
2953:
2951:
2943:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2926:
2921:
2919:
2911:
2906:
2899:
2894:
2887:
2882:
2880:
2873:, p. 38.
2872:
2867:
2861:, p. 23.
2860:
2855:
2848:
2843:
2836:
2831:
2829:
2821:
2820:Carvalho 1976
2816:
2809:
2804:
2798:, p. 22.
2797:
2792:
2790:
2780:
2773:
2768:
2761:
2756:
2749:
2748:Carvalho 1976
2744:
2737:
2732:
2725:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2708:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2690:, p. 35.
2689:
2684:
2677:
2672:
2666:, p. 41.
2665:
2660:
2653:
2648:
2646:
2638:
2633:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2619:
2614:
2607:
2602:
2596:, p. 21.
2595:
2590:
2583:
2578:
2571:
2566:
2559:
2554:
2547:
2542:
2535:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2516:
2511:
2509:
2502:, p. 28.
2501:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2484:
2479:
2473:, p. 35.
2472:
2467:
2465:
2457:
2452:
2445:
2440:
2433:
2428:
2426:
2418:
2413:
2406:
2401:
2394:
2389:
2387:
2379:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2360:
2355:
2348:
2343:
2336:
2331:
2329:
2321:
2316:
2309:
2304:
2297:
2292:
2290:
2282:
2277:
2270:
2265:
2263:
2255:
2250:
2243:
2238:
2236:
2228:
2223:
2216:
2211:
2204:
2199:
2193:
2189:
2183:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2161:, p. 26.
2160:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2144:, p. 24.
2143:
2138:
2131:
2126:
2124:
2116:
2111:
2109:
2101:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2080:
2075:
2068:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2049:
2044:
2042:
2034:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2017:
2012:
2010:
2003:, p. 42.
2002:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1978:, p. 10.
1977:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1959:, p. 91.
1958:
1953:
1951:
1946:
1933:
1927:
1918:
1912:, p. 35.
1911:
1905:
1898:
1892:
1886:, p. 50.
1885:
1879:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1856:, p. 25.
1855:
1849:
1842:
1838:
1832:
1825:
1821:
1815:
1809:, p. 45.
1808:
1802:
1795:
1789:
1785:
1777:
1775:
1771:
1770:Uruguayan War
1767:
1763:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1679:
1676:
1666:
1652:
1650:
1644:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1574:Ángel Pacheco
1565:
1556:
1554:
1553:Prince Afonso
1550:
1549:
1542:
1540:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1526:Uruguay River
1521:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1484:
1479:
1472:
1467:
1453:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1438:
1433:
1431:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1401:
1386:
1377:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1353:
1351:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1287:
1286:Pimenta Bueno
1281:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1219:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1202:Pedro II
1199:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1188:Latin America
1181:
1176:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1094:, led by Don
1093:
1089:
1086:, led by Don
1085:
1081:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1049:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1025:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1005:
1002:in blue, and
1001:
996:
987:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
960:
956:
951:
949:
945:
940:
936:
932:
926:
922:
918:
913:
898:
896:
892:
887:
885:
881:
876:
874:
870:
866:
862:
857:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
830:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
740:Álvarez Field
738:
736:
735:Tonelero Pass
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
712:
709:
704:
696:
691:
689:
684:
682:
677:
676:
673:
661:
660:
658:
655:
654:
649:
635:
625:
624:
622:
609:
599:
589:
588:
586:
585:
580:
574:
564:
562:
561:Ángel Pacheco
552:
550:
540:
539:
536:
530:
527:
521:
520:
508:
503:
493:
491:
481:
479:
469:
465:
460:
450:
446:
441:
431:
429:
419:
417:
407:
405:
395:
393:
383:
382:
379:
373:
370:
364:
363:
351:
350:
345:
342:
330:
320:
319:
318:
317:
305:
304:
292:
287:
274:
260:
247:
235:
234:Supported by:
228:
216:
211:
200:
198:
187:
185:
174:
173:
171:
158:
148:
147:
146:
145:
133:
132:
120:
119:
114:
104:
101:
97:
96:
95:
92:
89:
88:
84:
79:
76:
75:
71:
68:
67:
63:
59:
55:
49:
44:
41:
37:
32:
27:
22:
4090:
3970:
3911:Naval School
3876:Armed Forces
3721:Second Reign
3652:
3633:
3623:
3594:
3574:
3555:
3534:
3523:
3514:
3505:
3496:
3475:
3454:
3433:
3422:
3398:
3374:
3355:
3346:
3337:
3333:
3314:
3295:
3286:
3277:
3268:
3259:
3240:
3231:
3212:
3184:
3167:Furtado 2000
3162:
3150:
3143:Furtado 2000
3128:Pedrosa 2004
3123:
3116:Furtado 2000
3111:
3099:
3092:Adelman 2002
3087:
3080:Shumway 1993
3075:
3063:
3051:
3039:
3027:
3000:
2988:
2976:
2964:
2910:Barroso 2000
2905:
2893:
2866:
2854:
2847:Barroso 2000
2842:
2815:
2808:Pedrosa 2004
2803:
2779:
2774:, p. 9.
2772:Furtado 2000
2767:
2755:
2743:
2731:
2683:
2671:
2659:
2618:Holanda 1976
2613:
2601:
2594:Furtado 2000
2589:
2582:Barroso 2000
2577:
2565:
2553:
2541:
2536:, p. 8.
2534:Furtado 2000
2517:, p. 6.
2515:Furtado 2000
2478:
2471:Pedrosa 2004
2456:Pedrosa 2004
2451:
2439:
2412:
2405:Pedrosa 2004
2400:
2354:
2342:
2320:Vainfas 2002
2315:
2308:Holanda 1976
2303:
2296:Holanda 1976
2281:Holanda 1976
2276:
2271:, p. 7.
2269:Furtado 2000
2254:Holanda 1976
2249:
2242:Holanda 1976
2227:Vainfas 2002
2222:
2215:Holanda 1976
2210:
2203:Holanda 1976
2198:
2182:
2171:
2166:
2137:
2074:
2067:Holanda 1976
2048:Vainfas 2002
1976:Furtado 2000
1934:, p. 9.
1926:
1917:
1910:Pedrosa 2004
1904:
1891:
1884:Pedrosa 2004
1878:
1861:
1848:
1836:
1831:
1819:
1814:
1801:
1796:, p. 9.
1788:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1746:
1730:
1707:Federal pact
1700:
1671:
1645:
1633:
1610:
1606:
1570:
1546:
1543:
1535:
1522:
1518:Gualeguaichu
1506:Paraná River
1503:
1488:
1444:
1442:
1434:
1426:
1402:
1398:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1346:
1316:
1309:
1304:
1296:
1290:
1282:
1267:
1241:
1235:
1223:
1214:
1198:coups d'état
1197:
1192:
1185:
1164:Buenos Aires
1139:
1136:
1124:
1120:Manuel Oribe
1100:
1077:
1072:Buenos Aires
1066:View of the
1042:
1026:
1022:Paraná River
1009:
952:
935:Buenos Aires
929:
888:
884:Buenos Aires
880:Manuel Oribe
877:
858:
842:Blanco party
831:
826:
805:as Brazil's
762:
760:
730:Paraná River
702:
573:Manuel Oribe
534:
517:
509:
377:
360:
352:
307:
302:
233:
214:
135:
130:
116:Belligerents
93:
34:Part of the
4103:Platine War
3985:(1864–1870)
3979:(1864–1865)
3973:(1851–1852)
3971:Platine War
3967:(1835–1840)
3961:(1835–1845)
3955:(1825–1828)
3943:(1822–1824)
3713:First Reign
3375:A Fronteira
3056:Calmon 2002
3005:Calmon 1975
2969:Títara 1852
2676:Calmon 1975
2606:Calmon 1975
2558:Calmon 1975
2417:Calmon 1975
2393:Vianna 1994
2335:Vianna 1994
2079:Vianna 1994
2016:Calmon 2002
1897:Barman 1999
1437:River Plate
1218:Mato Grosso
1140:Califórnias
959:Charles III
944:Federalists
763:Platine War
703:Platine War
462: [
443: [
289:(1851–1852)
230:(1845–1850)
29:Platine War
4097:Categories
3204:1041053757
3176:References
3068:Bueno 2003
3044:Golin 2004
3020:Golin 2004
2957:Costa 2003
2871:Golin 2004
2859:Golin 2004
2835:Costa 2003
2796:Golin 2004
2688:Golin 2004
2664:Golin 2004
2570:Costa 2003
2432:Bueno 2003
2359:Costa 2003
2347:Costa 2003
2033:Costa 2003
2001:Golin 2004
1841:Lynch 2001
1807:Lewis 2001
1754:Gran Chaco
1732:bonaerense
1601:Petrópolis
1548:Dom Afonso
1450:Montevideo
1342:steamships
1262:Entre Rios
1144:California
1116:Montevideo
1090:, and the
1080:Cisplatina
948:Unitarians
901:Background
799:Corrientes
795:Entre Ríos
775:Portuguese
715:Montevideo
197:Corrientes
184:Entre Ríos
4076:Lei Áurea
4035:Luís Gama
3965:Cabanagem
3737:Provinces
3614:891208597
3535:Argentina
2925:Maia 1975
2886:Maia 1975
2760:Maia 1975
2707:Maia 1975
2637:Lima 1989
2444:Lima 1989
2115:Maia 1975
1942:Footnotes
1871:Lima 1989
1766:Colorados
1739:in 1862.
1723:civil war
1682:Argentina
1655:Aftermath
1334:corvettes
1297:Colorados
1242:caudillos
1193:caudillos
1092:Colorados
157:Colorados
36:Argentine
3868:Military
3809:Politics
3777:Pedro II
3760:Monarchy
3732:Nobility
3421:(1976).
3395:(2007).
1780:Endnotes
1697:in 1861.
1603:in 1852.
1530:Diamante
1491:Santa Fe
1417:Jaguarão
1317:caudillo
1305:Colorado
1178:Emperor
1154:and the
1038:Misiones
998:Spain's
990:Paraguay
976:Paraguay
869:Paraguay
811:Paraguay
582:Strength
362:Pedro II
286:Paraguay
227:Paraguay
210:Santa Fe
77:Location
3998:Slavery
3772:Pedro I
3727:Economy
3717:Regency
3705:History
1820:mazorca
1762:Blancos
1413:Quaraim
1330:frigate
1084:Blancos
972:Uruguay
968:Bolivia
873:Bolivia
850:Bolivia
791:Uruguay
767:Spanish
750:Caseros
535:Others:
378:Others:
329:Blancos
246:Bolivia
4049:Others
3949:(1824)
3843:Others
3640:
3612:
3602:
3581:
3562:
3543:
3484:
3461:
3442:
3407:
3381:
3362:
3321:
3302:
3278:Caxias
3247:
3219:
3202:
3192:
2190:
1729:. The
1721:. The
1660:Brazil
1445:Blanco
1340:and 6
1152:France
1148:Mexico
984:Brazil
633:26,000
607:20,000
597:20,200
299:
283:
273:France
270:
256:
243:
224:
207:
194:
181:
127:
90:Result
1338:brigs
643:8,500
617:2,000
466:]
447:]
3933:Wars
3638:ISBN
3610:OCLC
3600:ISBN
3579:ISBN
3560:ISBN
3541:ISBN
3482:ISBN
3459:ISBN
3440:ISBN
3405:ISBN
3379:ISBN
3360:ISBN
3319:ISBN
3300:ISBN
3245:ISBN
3217:ISBN
3200:OCLC
3190:ISBN
2188:ISBN
1764:and
1634:The
1627:and
1336:, 3
1332:, 7
974:and
871:and
797:and
761:The
102:ends
69:Date
38:and
1869:in
982:of
931:Don
4099::
3719:,
3715:,
3711:,
3608:.
3198:.
3135:^
3012:^
2949:^
2932:^
2917:^
2878:^
2827:^
2788:^
2714:^
2695:^
2644:^
2625:^
2522:^
2507:^
2490:^
2463:^
2424:^
2385:^
2366:^
2327:^
2288:^
2261:^
2234:^
2149:^
2122:^
2107:^
2086:^
2055:^
2040:^
2023:^
2008:^
1983:^
1964:^
1949:^
1776:.
1619:,
1432:.
1162:.
1098:.
1024:.
970:,
886:.
856:.
789:,
777::
773:,
769::
464:es
445:es
3723:)
3707:(
3683:e
3676:t
3669:v
3646:.
3616:.
3587:.
3568:.
3549:.
3490:.
3467:.
3448:.
3413:.
3387:.
3368:.
3338:4
3327:.
3308:.
3253:.
3225:.
3206:.
1537:"
1485:.
1264:.
825:(
765:(
694:e
687:t
680:v
528:)
524:(
371:)
367:(
23:.
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