1004:
1006:
visualise arterial and venous vessels, is useful to minimise the number of neck explorations, thus improving the handling of the condition. Another area of importance of the platysma lies in plastic surgery. Neck bands in the area become most noticeable with age, aggravated by weightlifting or facelift. If it doesn't heal with time, there are many options to correct this: Botox/Dysport/Xeomin and platysmaplasty. Platysmaplasty is a surgery in this area, that can be open or closed, in the latter a specialised instrument called plastymotome that allow the surgery to be done without incisions. It takes approximately 2 weeks for the symptoms to be reduced., Daniel; Franco, R G.; Nicolas, J (May 2006).
1644:
594:
582:
48:
36:
616:
529:
Wrinkly skin of neck caused by decrease in muscle tone leading to thinning and shortening of muscle is the secondary complication of facial nerve palsy and can be associated with the normal aging process. Neck bands in the area above the platysma muscle become most noticeable with age. These may be
1005:
Labb??n a similar fashion to other muscles, the platysma is vulnerable to tears, strains and muscle atrophy among many other possible conditions. The platysma is vulnerable to neck injuries that may penetrate it. A type of medical imaging called CTA (computed tomography angiography), used to
399:
Variations occur in the extension over the face and over the clavicle and shoulder. The platysma muscle may be absent or interdigitate with the muscle of the opposite side in front of the neck; attachment to clavicle, mastoid process or occipital bone occurs. A more or less independent
556:. Platysmaplasty is a surgery in this area, that can be open or closed; in the latter a specialised instrument called a plastymotome is used that allows the surgery to be done without incisions. It takes approximately 2 weeks for the symptoms to be reduced.
1664:
291:
are fused at an early period of life (although not a true symphysis). Fibres at the back of the muscle cross the mandible, some being inserted into the bone below the oblique line, others into the skin and
485:
it, as it is both superficial and thin. Penetrating trauma in the neck injuries can be defined as any that completely penetrate the platysma muscle, making it an important landmark.
517:
When neck surgery is performed, the platysma muscle usually needs to be cut through to access deeper structures. Fibres need to be sutured together accurately to prevent abnormal
256:. It covers the anterior surface of the neck superficially. When it contracts, it produces a slight wrinkling of the neck, and a "bowstring" effect on either side of the neck.
280:, and proceed obliquely upward and medially along the side of the neck. This leaves the inferior part of the neck in the midline deficient of significant muscle cover.
437:
in an oblique direction (at an angle to the midline). It creates a distinctive "bowstring" effect on either side of the neck, where fibres move away from the midline.
445:
The anterior portion of the platysma muscle, the thickest part of the muscle, depresses the lower jaw. It also draws down the lower lip and angle of the mouth in a
210:
1061:
709:
Kim, Se-Hoon; Chang, Ung-Kyu; Kim, Daniel H.; Bilsky, Mark H. (2006-01-01), Kim, Daniel H.; Chang, Ung-Kyu; Kim, Se-Hoon; Bilsky, Mark H. (eds.),
1065:
384:
970:
Bell, RB; Osborn, T; Dierks, EJ; Potter, BE; Long, WB (2007). "Management of penetrating neck injuries: a new paradigm for civilian trauma".
186:
566:
of the neck may be performed fairly easily without the need to pierce it. It is also important to not damage the platysma muscle to prevent
1226:
1589:
136:
748:
Posnick, Jeffrey C. (2014). "40 - Aesthetic
Alteration of the Soft Tissues of the Neck and Lower Face: Evaluation and Surgery".
1448:
1438:
1669:
1330:
1325:
1195:
1158:
943:
887:
833:
775:
722:
685:
73:
63:
1443:
328:
105:
806:
Kim, Se-Hoon; Chang, Ung-Kyu; Kim, Daniel H.; Bilsky, Mark H. (2008). "19 - Management of Upper
Cervical Spine Tumors".
449:. However, the platysma muscle plays only a minor role in depressing the lower lip, which is primarily performed by the
296:
of the lower part of the face. Many of these fibers blend with the muscles about the angle and lower part of the mouth.
454:
1347:
1342:
1488:
1302:
486:
1297:
1493:
1219:
205:
450:
581:
283:
Fibres at the front of the muscle from the left and right sides intermingle together below and behind the
710:
625:
1634:
1260:
413:
217:
116:
1460:
1008:"Platysma Suspension and Platysmaplasty during Neck Lift: Anatomical Study and Analysis of 30 Cases"
1212:
300:
1081:"Closed platysmotomy: a new procedure for the treatment of platysma bands without skin dissection"
545:
364:
304:
1616:
1611:
1536:
1455:
1433:
376:
193:
181:
1526:
1483:
1265:
1055:
380:
368:
312:
308:
1247:
1606:
1574:
1511:
1410:
1312:
348:
284:
93:
8:
1584:
1478:
1270:
506:
293:
253:
148:
1643:
1007:
1579:
1425:
1405:
1392:
1359:
1150:
1105:
1080:
1043:
1023:
935:
879:
825:
817:
767:
759:
677:
669:
482:
405:
1556:
1505:
1470:
1400:
1382:
1372:
1290:
1191:
1164:
1154:
1142:
1110:
1035:
1027:
987:
949:
939:
927:
893:
883:
871:
839:
829:
781:
771:
718:
691:
681:
630:
157:
1665:
Knowledge articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's
Anatomy (1918)
1047:
1621:
1519:
1500:
1377:
1367:
1280:
1146:
1100:
1092:
1019:
979:
931:
875:
821:
763:
673:
465:
In a similar fashion to other muscles, the platysma muscle is vulnerable to tears,
344:
269:
89:
593:
239:
1415:
1275:
549:
531:
466:
401:
153:
505:, and is useful to image any damage to the muscle. This minimises the number of
1648:
1596:
1285:
983:
559:
553:
470:
273:
78:
Base of mandible; skin of cheek and lower lip; angle of mouth; orbicularis oris
1096:
1658:
1168:
1131:
Alam, Murad; White, Lucile E. (2008). "1 - Anatomy in
Dermatologic Surgery".
1031:
953:
897:
843:
785:
695:
621:
498:
372:
198:
1531:
1138:
1114:
1039:
991:
923:
916:
Cothren, C. Clay; Moore, Ernest E. (2009). "19 - Penetrating Neck Trauma".
867:
813:
665:
535:
388:
332:
109:
1132:
917:
861:
807:
749:
659:
1601:
563:
509:
that need to be performed, thus improving the handling of the condition.
140:
122:
128:
and widens it (as in expressions of sadness and fright). Also draws the
539:
502:
129:
125:
20:
1204:
860:
Wolfe, Michael J.; Wilson, Keith (2007). "21 - Head and Neck Cancer".
223:
755:
409:
567:
429:
When the entire platysma muscle is in action, it produces a slight
316:
288:
277:
363:. It covers many structures found deeper in the neck, such as the
359:
The platysma muscle lies just deep to the subcutaneous fascia and
68:
Subcutaneous tissue of infraclavicular and supraclavicular regions
1548:
430:
264:
The platysma muscle is a broad sheet of muscle arising from the
47:
35:
1566:
1235:
1188:
Gray's anatomy : the anatomical basis of clinical practice
490:
265:
242:
83:
446:
246:
169:
100:
481:
The platysma muscle is vulnerable to neck injuries that may
1239:
1186:
Susan
Standring; Neil R. Borley; et al., eds. (2008).
518:
494:
434:
249:
133:
52:
The muscles of the face, platysma visible at bottom right.
360:
711:"Chapter 19 - Management of Upper Cervical Spine Tumors"
969:
1632:
863:
Essentials of
Surgical Oncology: Surgical Foundations
343:The platysma muscle is supplied by branches of the
287:, the junction where the two lateral halves of the
1185:
658:Eibling, David E. (2008). "78 - Neck Dissection".
548:may be used. Alternatively, interventions include
805:
717:, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 378–394,
708:
1656:
1190:(40th ed.). London: Churchill Livingstone.
751:Orthognathic Surgery: Principles & Practice
661:Operative Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery
1220:
1060:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
915:
19:Platysma is also a plant taxon synonym with
859:
40:The platysma is visible, with skin removed.
1227:
1213:
1064:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
538:procedures. This may be known as platysma
46:
34:
1130:
1104:
473:, among many other possible conditions.
460:
1234:
747:
657:
562:is found above the platysma muscle, so
440:
327:The platysma muscle is supplied by the
1657:
620:This article incorporates text in the
587:Platysma is visible at bottom, in neck
521:retraction, which may look unsightly.
408:, may extend from the fascia over the
299:Sometimes fibers can be traced to the
1208:
1134:Complications in Dermatologic Surgery
1126:
1124:
1078:
965:
963:
911:
909:
907:
855:
853:
801:
799:
797:
795:
743:
741:
739:
653:
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
497:, such as for complex injuries from
412:to fascia over the insertion of the
13:
1151:10.1016/B978-0-323-04546-9.10001-9
1121:
1024:10.1097/01.prs.0000218972.75144.9c
1012:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
936:10.1016/B978-0-323-05711-0.00019-7
880:10.1016/B978-0-8151-4385-7.50027-8
826:10.1016/B978-1-4160-3367-7.10019-7
768:10.1016/B978-1-4557-2698-1.00040-X
678:10.1016/B978-1-4160-2445-3.50082-0
524:
433:of the surface of the skin of the
14:
1681:
960:
904:
850:
792:
736:
640:
455:depressor labii inferioris muscle
1642:
614:
592:
580:
268:covering the upper parts of the
1303:Rectus capitis lateralis muscle
512:
487:Computed tomography angiography
338:
322:
1298:Rectus capitis anterior muscle
1072:
998:
702:
664:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.).
1:
609:
1670:Muscles of the head and neck
919:Abernathy's Surgical Secrets
451:depressor anguli oris muscle
424:
394:
354:
307:. Beneath the platysma, the
259:
7:
628:of the 20th edition of
604:
419:
10:
1686:
984:10.1016/j.joms.2006.04.044
414:sternocleidomastoid muscle
385:marginal mandibular branch
303:, or to the margin of the
218:Anatomical terms of muscle
18:
1565:
1547:
1469:
1424:
1391:
1358:
1311:
1246:
1097:10.1007/s00266-011-9782-0
573:
550:botulinum toxin injection
489:may be used to visualise
476:
216:
204:
192:
180:
168:
163:
147:
121:Draws the corners of the
115:
99:
82:
72:
62:
57:
45:
33:
28:
1321:Rectus capitis posterior
972:J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg
406:occipitalis minor muscle
301:zygomaticus major muscle
546:Conservative management
365:external carotid artery
305:orbicularis oris muscle
276:. Its fibers cross the
270:pectoralis major muscle
1617:Pharyngobasilar fascia
1612:Buccopharyngeal fascia
1434:Pharyngeal constrictor
762:. pp. 1746–1783.
377:lesser occipital nerve
507:exploratory surgeries
461:Clinical significance
381:great auricular nerve
369:external jugular vein
313:angle of the mandible
309:external jugular vein
1607:Palatine aponeurosis
1575:Deep cervical fascia
1520:transverse arytenoid
1085:Aesthetic Plast Surg
930:. pp. 110–113.
874:. pp. 329–357.
820:. pp. 378–394.
672:. pp. 679–708.
441:Jaw and lip movement
349:suprascapular artery
285:mandibular symphysis
94:suprascapular artery
1585:Prevertebral fascia
1261:Sternocleidomastoid
809:Tumors of the Spine
715:Tumors of the Spine
294:subcutaneous tissue
254:sternocleidomastoid
1580:Pretracheal fascia
1461:Salpingopharyngeus
1079:Daher, JC (2011).
542:or "turkey neck".
311:descends from the
252:that overlaps the
23:, an orchid genus.
1630:
1629:
1506:oblique arytenoid
1197:978-0-8089-2371-8
1160:978-0-323-04546-9
1145:. pp. 1–18.
945:978-0-323-07475-9
889:978-0-8151-4385-7
835:978-1-4377-2164-5
777:978-1-4557-5027-6
724:978-1-4160-3367-7
687:978-1-4377-2083-9
232:
231:
227:
158:temporalis muscle
16:Human neck muscle
1677:
1647:
1646:
1638:
1622:Pharyngeal raphe
1338:Obliquus capitis
1229:
1222:
1215:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1173:
1172:
1128:
1119:
1118:
1108:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1059:
1051:
1018:(6): 2001–2007.
1002:
996:
995:
967:
958:
957:
922:(6th ed.).
913:
902:
901:
857:
848:
847:
803:
790:
789:
745:
734:
733:
732:
731:
706:
700:
699:
655:
618:
617:
596:
584:
410:trapezius muscle
345:submental artery
224:edit on Wikidata
221:
90:submental artery
88:Branches of the
50:
38:
26:
25:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1674:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1641:
1633:
1631:
1626:
1590:Investing layer
1561:
1543:
1537:thyroepiglottic
1465:
1456:Stylopharyngeus
1420:
1387:
1354:
1307:
1242:
1233:
1198:
1177:
1176:
1161:
1129:
1122:
1077:
1073:
1053:
1052:
1003:
999:
968:
961:
946:
914:
905:
890:
858:
851:
836:
804:
793:
778:
746:
737:
729:
727:
725:
707:
703:
688:
656:
641:
615:
612:
607:
600:
597:
588:
585:
576:
527:
525:Plastic surgery
515:
479:
463:
443:
427:
422:
397:
357:
341:
329:cervical branch
325:
262:
236:platysma muscle
228:
154:Masseter muscle
106:Cervical branch
53:
41:
29:Platysma muscle
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1683:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1652:
1651:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1597:Carotid sheath
1594:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1571:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1553:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1534:
1527:Thyroarytenoid
1524:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1484:Cricoarytenoid
1481:
1475:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1430:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1397:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1364:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1317:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1273:
1268:
1266:Longus capitis
1263:
1258:
1252:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1232:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1196:
1182:
1181:
1175:
1174:
1159:
1120:
1071:
997:
978:(4): 691–705.
959:
944:
903:
888:
849:
834:
791:
776:
735:
723:
701:
686:
638:
637:
631:Gray's Anatomy
611:
608:
606:
603:
602:
601:
598:
591:
589:
586:
579:
575:
572:
560:Adipose tissue
554:platysmaplasty
530:aggravated by
526:
523:
514:
511:
499:gunshot wounds
478:
475:
471:muscle atrophy
462:
459:
442:
439:
426:
423:
421:
418:
396:
393:
356:
353:
340:
337:
324:
321:
274:deltoid muscle
261:
258:
230:
229:
220:
214:
213:
208:
202:
201:
196:
190:
189:
184:
178:
177:
172:
166:
165:
161:
160:
151:
145:
144:
119:
113:
112:
103:
97:
96:
86:
80:
79:
76:
70:
69:
66:
60:
59:
55:
54:
51:
43:
42:
39:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1682:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1639:
1636:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1512:aryepiglottic
1509:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1411:Sternothyroid
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1230:
1225:
1223:
1218:
1216:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1199:
1193:
1189:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1127:
1125:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1091:(5): 866–77.
1090:
1086:
1082:
1075:
1067:
1063:
1057:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1001:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
966:
964:
955:
951:
947:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
920:
912:
910:
908:
899:
895:
891:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
864:
856:
854:
845:
841:
837:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
810:
802:
800:
798:
796:
787:
783:
779:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
752:
744:
742:
740:
726:
720:
716:
712:
705:
697:
693:
689:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
662:
654:
652:
650:
648:
646:
644:
639:
636:
635:
632:
629:
627:
623:
622:public domain
595:
590:
583:
578:
577:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
555:
551:
547:
543:
541:
537:
533:
532:weightlifting
522:
520:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
474:
472:
468:
458:
456:
452:
448:
438:
436:
432:
417:
415:
411:
407:
403:
392:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
373:parotid gland
370:
366:
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1479:Cricothyroid
1337:
1320:
1313:Suboccipital
1271:Longus colli
1255:
1187:
1139:Philadelphia
1133:
1088:
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1074:
1056:cite journal
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513:Neck surgery
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389:facial nerve
358:
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339:Blood supply
333:facial nerve
326:
323:Nerve supply
298:
282:
263:
235:
233:
187:A04.2.01.001
174:
143:are clenched
110:facial nerve
1602:Alar fascia
1406:Sternohyoid
564:liposuction
503:stab wounds
240:superficial
164:Identifiers
1659:Categories
1557:Trachealis
1401:Thyrohyoid
1393:Infrahyoid
1383:Geniohyoid
1373:Stylohyoid
1360:Suprahyoid
730:2021-01-06
610:References
540:dyskinesia
402:fasciculus
383:, and the
149:Antagonist
137:superiorly
126:inferiorly
21:Podochilus
1501:Arytenoid
1489:posterior
1378:Digastric
1368:Mylohyoid
1291:posterior
1169:811786617
1032:0032-1052
954:460933202
898:608607674
844:489078564
786:860861780
756:St. Louis
696:825780332
483:penetrate
431:wrinkling
425:Wrinkling
395:Variation
355:Relations
260:Structure
74:Insertion
1449:inferior
1439:superior
1416:Omohyoid
1348:superior
1343:inferior
1281:anterior
1256:Platysma
1248:Cervical
1115:21847680
1048:26104853
1040:16651976
992:17368366
818:Saunders
760:Saunders
670:Saunders
626:page 387
605:Weblinks
599:Platysma
568:bleeding
536:facelift
491:arteries
453:and the
420:Function
317:clavicle
289:mandible
278:clavicle
175:platysma
1649:Anatomy
1567:Fasciae
1549:Trachea
1494:lateral
1426:Pharynx
1276:Scalene
1238:of the
1236:Muscles
1106:3192284
467:strains
387:of the
331:of the
315:to the
245:of the
132:of the
117:Actions
108:of the
58:Details
1635:Portal
1471:Larynx
1444:middle
1286:middle
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634:(1918)
574:Images
477:Injury
404:, the
379:, the
375:, the
371:, the
367:, the
266:fascia
243:muscle
84:Artery
64:Origin
1532:vocal
1331:minor
1326:major
1180:Books
1143:Mosby
1044:S2CID
928:Mosby
872:Mosby
624:from
495:veins
447:frown
247:human
238:is a
222:[
211:45738
170:Latin
141:teeth
139:when
123:mouth
101:Nerve
1240:neck
1192:ISBN
1165:OCLC
1155:ISBN
1111:PMID
1066:link
1062:link
1036:PMID
1028:ISSN
988:PMID
950:OCLC
940:ISBN
894:OCLC
884:ISBN
840:OCLC
830:ISBN
782:OCLC
772:ISBN
719:ISBN
692:OCLC
682:ISBN
552:and
519:scar
493:and
469:and
435:neck
347:and
272:and
250:neck
234:The
199:2147
182:TA98
134:neck
130:skin
92:and
1147:doi
1101:PMC
1093:doi
1020:doi
1016:117
980:doi
932:doi
876:doi
822:doi
764:doi
674:doi
534:or
501:or
361:fat
206:FMA
194:TA2
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