726:
772:
791:
821:
806:
369:
748:
36:
353:
760:
710:
1555:
20:
2063:
699:
138:
154:
623:
and intended for his coronation as a King of Poland. It was never used however, because two monks broke into the State
Treasury in the Wawel Castle and stole the original regalia. The Augustus II Crown is kept in the Dresden Armory.
317:
to Berlin. The locksmith brought by the
Prussians broke the locks of the treasury and then opened all the boxes. The valuables were transported in 1794 and found their place in the collection of the
725:
771:
305:
entered Kraków and captured Wawel Castle, subsequently turning it into a fortress. Shortly thereafter, the city commandant, general
Leopold von Reuts began a correspondence with
1685:
1652:
344:, all of them were melted down. The obtained gold was reused to make coins, while precious stones and pearls were handed to the Directorate of Maritime Trade in Berlin.
820:
881:, a cap used during the inaugurations of Lithuanian monarchs until 1569 when a Polish crown was started to be used for crowning the joint Polish–Lithuanian monarchs.
1863:
1438:
1473:
1151:
2017:
599:
by
Abraham Drentwett and Heinrich Mannlich in about 1666; presented in the times of a military weakness of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth after the
383:. Painted by Christian Melich, ca. 1632. The King was depicted with the "Muscovy Crown" on his head and the "Swedish Crown" put on a pillow next to him.
1678:
313:, he was commanded to transfer the content of the Crown Treasury to the Secret Councillor Anton Ludwig von Hoym, who was to secure its transport via
203:, a symbol of King Bolesław's rule, and of his allegiance to the Emperor. It remains unknown what images, if any, were painted or embroidered on the
1240:
790:
2145:
554:
a large chest with jewel boxes, which contained a large ruby, a 0.94 carats (188 mg) diamond, 200 diamonds, a large emerald, among others.
1671:
948:
905:
1529:
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329:
747:
2010:
1617:
759:
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223:
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1356:
1223:
709:
1091:
2227:
1957:
1612:
805:
275:
2258:
2003:
1607:
1465:
1943:
1936:
1807:
404:
1432:
1411:
1392:
986:
200:
1725:
632:
341:
627:
All of the original crown regalia were looted by the
Prussians (except for the "Muscovy Crown") in 1795 after the
412:
157:
24:
1875:
1504:
863:
620:
416:
310:
2222:
608:
591:
heraldic base for the royal crown (pure silver, partly gilded, 89 cm high); the eagle was created for King
1772:
2097:
1586:
1554:
227:
85:" used by the Vasa kings, and others that were subsequently lost or destroyed. The crown regalia used by the
2277:
2086:
1911:
1834:
671:
172:
1436:(Crown jewels and insignia in the former Poland. Truth and legend), "Życie Literackie", No. 32, 1987, p. 5
1216:
Klejnoty
Rzeczypospolitej. Zawartość Skarbca Koronnego na Wawelu w świetle jego inwentarzy z lat 1475-1792
470:
436:
2217:
2212:
848:
238:
and placed in the specially prepared Crown
Treasury. In the 17th century they were repeatedly brought to
1248:
678:
until 1939 and in 1940 they were stolen by German forces. Later they were found by the Soviet troops in
2074:
2026:
1869:
1827:
1820:
1720:
271:
251:
1850:
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628:
309:
on the fate of furnishings of the Polish kings' residence. In the greatest secrecy, by order of king
295:
279:
1428:
357:
686:
where they remained until 1960, when they were returned to Poland. Today they are deposited in the
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830:
333:
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283:
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440:
94:
40:
1347:
415:, according to a legend handed over to the first Polish monarch by Emperor Otto III, made for
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28:
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1765:
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86:
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8:
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in Warsaw. In 1734, however, they were recovered from the hideout and deposited in the
259:
215:
164:
1663:
619:
goldsmith Johann
Friedrich Klemm executed a replacement for the regalia, known as the
35:
2132:
2102:
1929:
1916:
1890:
1407:
1388:
1219:
982:
878:
853:
826:
812:
231:
114:
102:
98:
1152:"Bling it on! Stunning royal jewellery goes on show at 'Rule and Dazzle' exhibition"
923:
210:
Starting from 1320 the regalia of the Polish kings were kept in the treasury of the
2150:
1922:
1786:
1294:
1187:
655:
600:
426:
247:
1126:
352:
2176:
2155:
1841:
1563:
1442:
1351:
1099:
909:
858:
663:
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522:
486:
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432:
270:. During the double election of 1733, the regalia were stolen by the follower of
211:
146:
90:
78:
51:
873:
2181:
2112:
2107:
2092:
2047:
1581:
1490:
604:
584:" made in about 1610 for Prince Władysław Vasa's coronation as a Tsar of Russia
526:
446:
122:
77:
Several royal crowns were made, including several during the 16th century, a "
2271:
1995:
782:
647:
581:
571:
559:
463:
372:
302:
188:
153:
82:
59:
1698:
1647:
1642:
1521:
868:
843:
739:
643:
422:
290:, the royal insignia were transported to Warsaw for the coronation of King
235:
67:
66:. It is currently on display along with other preserved royal items at the
1980:
1622:
2242:
340:
and shortly after, on 17 March 1809, in accordance with the decision of
19:
2160:
1544:
979:
Vademecum Zamku
Warszawskiego (Vademecum of the Royal Castle in Warsaw)
716:
513:
509:
184:
142:
63:
2122:
2117:
1192:
364:, Crown of Bolesław I the Brave, royal sceptre and orb (before 1794)
294:. Later returned to the Wawel Castle, where they were kept till the
71:
616:
596:
469:" intended for funeral ceremonies of the Polish monarchs, made for
396:
2237:
286:, where they remained till 1736. In 1764, with the consent of the
2247:
1694:
1434:
Klejnoty i insygnia koronacyjne w dawnej Polsce. Prawdy i legendy
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314:
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attached to it, was probably the first insignia of the nascent
250:
in 1655, the royal insignia were evacuated from the castle by
1513:
516:
388:
254:, Grand Marshal of the Crown and hidden in the old castle in
192:
670:
were hidden by
Franciszek Maksymilian Ossoliński during the
519:
that was used in crowning ceremonies of most kings of Poland
1653:
Evacuation of Polish National Treasures during World War II
683:
287:
1404:
Polskie koronacje i korony (Polish coronations and crowns)
278:, Grand Treasurer of the Crown, who concealed them in the
137:
2186:
183:), crowning him and presenting him with a replica of the
1482:
258:. They were stored there until 1661. In 1703 during the
1693:
1185:
387:
According to an inventory of the State Treasury at the
27:, the royal orb and sceptre used for the coronation of
765:
Silver White Eagle heraldic base for the royal crown
375:
on catafalque displayed in the Guard Chamber at the
336:. In 1809 the Polish regalia were valued at 525,259
1181:
1179:
949:"Kultura artystyczna dworu królewskiego i katedry"
631:of the Commonwealth and destroyed on the order of
171:, the capital of Poland until about 1040, Emperor
1127:"Rabunek od czasów zaborów do II wojny światowej"
234:the regalia were moved from the cathedral to the
163:In AD 1000, during his pilgrimage to the tomb of
2269:
1331:
1213:
1176:
654:for $ 35,000 (175,000 zł). It consisted of two
2025:
731:Coronation robe of Władysław IV (detail) with
109:, and the magnificent scale armour, so-called
2011:
1679:
1498:
1479:of King Augustus III and Queen Maria Josepha.
1238:
976:
222:and they were returned in 1412 to Andrzej of
753:Ceremonial sword of King Stanisław II August
1315:
1313:
1311:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1080:
635:in March 1809 (except for the Szczerbiec).
2018:
2004:
1686:
1672:
1505:
1491:
1002:
1000:
998:
360:of parts of the regalia such as the sword
218:decided to transfer the Polish regalia to
1406:(in Polish), Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicza,
1387:(in Polish), Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicza,
1269:
1267:
1265:
1124:
1120:
1118:
1116:
921:
330:Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex
324:In 1800 the valuables were stored in the
46:The only surviving original piece of the
1385:Polskie Regalia Polskie (Polish Regalia)
1308:
1077:
1019:
1017:
1015:
697:
638:In 1925 Polish government purchased the
367:
351:
152:
136:
34:
18:
1382:
1319:
1006:
995:
2270:
1346:
1334:The Mystery of the Polish Crown Jewels
1262:
1113:
1999:
1667:
1486:
1401:
1336:. Alliance Press Limited. p. 25.
1273:
1170:
1071:
1059:
1053:
1047:
1035:
1023:
1012:
485:a silver chain with the relic of the
2228:Our Lady of Sorrows, Queen of Poland
407:(kept in five chests) consisted of:
89:kings, and some remainders of older
1247:. Magazine Antiques. Archived from
13:
2061:
719:(Polish coronation sword; obverse)
14:
2299:
1451:
1422:
666:made in about 1733. The original
276:Franciszek Maksymilian Ossoliński
262:they were hidden again, first in
2288:Material culture of royal courts
1553:
1357:Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija
819:
804:
789:
770:
758:
746:
724:
708:
633:Frederick William III of Prussia
496:the Ruthenian crosses and relics
342:Frederick William III of Prussia
93:which were appropriated by king
1375:
1340:
1325:
1279:
1232:
1207:
1164:
1144:
1065:
924:"Karacena Jana III Sobieskiego"
674:. The jewels were exhibited in
621:Crown of Augustus II the Strong
558:Also a private treasury of the
499:Latin Bible copied on parchment
311:Frederick William II of Prussia
1239:Barry Shifman (October 2001).
1041:
1029:
970:
941:
915:
896:
551:three hats fringed with pearls
405:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
117:— are today on display in the
1:
2283:Art and cultural repatriation
1587:John Paul II Cathedral Museum
1474:The National Museum in Warsaw
1186:Margaret Odrowaz-Sypniewska.
885:
413:Crown of Bolesław I the Brave
347:
328:, where they were admired by
158:Crown of Bolesław I the Brave
25:Crown of Bolesław I the Brave
2223:Black Madonna of Częstochowa
1287:"Crown Treasury and Armoury"
912:at the Wilanów Palace Museum
829:of Augustus III held at the
672:War of the Polish Succession
7:
1618:Tadeusz Kościuszko Monument
1098:(in Polish). Archived from
955:(in Polish). Archived from
903:Jan III Sobieski's Karacena
849:Royal coronations in Poland
837:
242:for the coronations of the
175:officially recognized Duke
10:
2304:
2027:National symbols of Poland
1458:Crown Treasury and Armoury
1354:[Gediminas' Cap].
981:(in Polish). p. 129.
693:
607:to Tsar of Russia by King
417:Władysław I the Elbow-high
252:Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski
230:. During the reign of the
132:
2256:
2195:
2169:
2131:
2073:
2059:
2033:
1969:
1706:
1635:
1595:
1562:
1551:
1520:
1512:
1332:Karol Estreicher (1945).
1214:Michał Myśliński (2007).
1096:www.replikiregaliowpl.com
831:National Museum in Warsaw
688:National Museum in Warsaw
603:and lost war against the
437:John II Sigismund Zápolya
391:performed in 1633 by the
296:Third Partition of Poland
68:Wawel Royal Castle Museum
1092:"Kradzież i zniszczenie"
928:www.wilanow-palac.art.pl
890:
796:Funeral regalia of King
62:is the ceremonial sword
56:Polskie klejnoty koronne
1535:Jagiellonian tapestries
1530:National Art Collection
1383:Lileyko, Jerzy (1987),
777:Silver regalia of King
529:swords received at the
334:Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz
272:Stanisław I Leszczyński
179:as King of Poland (see
58:) from the time of the
2098:Air Force checkerboard
2067:
2066:Coat of arms of Poland
1429:Marek Żukow-Karczewski
1402:Rożek, Michał (1987),
977:Lileyko Jerzy (1980).
908:March 3, 2016, at the
779:Augustus III of Poland
703:
564:Royal Castle in Warsaw
441:Crown of Saint Stephen
397:Great Crown Chancellor
384:
365:
358:Krzysztof Józef Werner
228:Sigismund of Luxemburg
160:
150:
141:Polish replica of the
101:— like a cup of Queen
55:
43:
32:
2065:
1979:Former or historical
1973:Extant monarchies in
1603:Stanisław Borek House
1466:Polish Crown Replicas
798:Casimir III the Great
701:
576:Sigismund II Augustus
458:Władysław II Jagiełło
371:
355:
156:
140:
38:
22:
1613:St. Michael's Chapel
1348:Gudavičius, Edvardas
1241:"Gifts to the czars"
959:on November 24, 2003
864:St. John's Cathedral
491:Crux cum ligno Vitae
356:Detailed drawing by
301:On 15 June 1794 the
284:Jasna Góra Monastery
195:, together with the
177:Bolesław I the Brave
2278:Polish crown jewels
1608:St. George's Chapel
1577:St. Leonard's Crypt
1540:Polish Crown Jewels
1291:www.wawel.krakow.pl
547:Sigismund I the Old
292:Stanisław II August
226:embassy by Emperor
181:Congress of Gniezno
48:Polish crown jewels
29:Stanisław II August
2233:The Sigismund Bell
2068:
1636:Legend and history
1623:Wawel Dragon's den
1572:Sigismund's Chapel
1441:2017-05-10 at the
1322:, pp. 106–107
704:
535:Władysław Jagiełło
531:Battle of Grunwald
385:
366:
326:Berlin City Palace
260:Great Northern War
216:Louis I of Hungary
161:
151:
44:
33:
2265:
2264:
2103:Two-finger salute
1993:
1992:
1787:Holy Roman Empire
1661:
1660:
1352:"Gedimino kepurė"
1225:978-83-89101-71-6
1188:"POLAND'S CROWNS"
953:www.krakow2000.pl
854:Gniezno Cathedral
827:Coronation mantle
541:Bolesław the Bold
504:Cornu Rynocerotis
502:rhinoceros horn (
479:and three silver
427:Jadwiga of Kalisz
332:, as he informed
280:Holy Cross Church
201:Kingdom of Poland
115:John III Sobieski
99:Elector of Saxony
16:Regalia of Poland
2295:
2218:National costume
2020:
2013:
2006:
1997:
1996:
1981:sovereign states
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1293:. Archived from
1283:
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1257:
1256:
1245:findarticles.com
1236:
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682:and sent to the
642:regalia of King
574:" made for King
566:) consisted of:
452:" for receiving
393:Jerzy Ossoliński
187:, also known as
39:Regalia of King
23:Replicas of the
2303:
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2177:Names of Poland
2170:Names and codes
2165:
2156:Grunwald Swords
2127:
2069:
2057:
2048:Flag and colors
2029:
2024:
1994:
1989:
1965:
1702:
1692:
1662:
1657:
1631:
1591:
1564:Wawel Cathedral
1558:
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1470:
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1454:
1445:
1443:Wayback Machine
1425:
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1414:
1395:
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1360:(in Lithuanian)
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1125:Monika Kuhnke.
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922:Hanna Widacka.
920:
916:
910:Wayback Machine
901:
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888:
859:Wawel Cathedral
840:
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629:Third Partition
609:Michael Korybut
593:John II Casimir
523:Grunwald Swords
471:Stephen Báthory
462:the so-called "
445:the so-called "
433:Hungarian Crown
431:the so-called "
421:the so-called "
350:
212:Wawel Cathedral
191:'s Spear. This
147:Wawel Cathedral
135:
91:Polish monarchs
79:Hungarian Crown
17:
12:
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5:
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2108:Polish cavalry
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2035:Constitutional
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2015:
2008:
2000:
1991:
1990:
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1987:
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1967:
1966:
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1961:
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1944:United Kingdom
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1477:Silver regalia
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1452:External links
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740:Coats of arms
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702:Polish crowns
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569:
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562:(kept at the
561:
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545:the sword of
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373:Sigismund III
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316:
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303:Prussian Army
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256:Stará Ľubovňa
253:
249:
246:. During the
245:
244:Polish Queens
241:
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83:Swedish Crown
80:
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69:
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61:
60:Piast dynasty
57:
53:
49:
42:
37:
30:
26:
21:
2141:Crown jewels
2087:voivodeships
2043:Coat of arms
1984:
1974:
1956:
1949:
1942:
1935:
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1889:
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1833:
1826:
1819:
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1785:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1735:
1699:crown jewels
1648:Wawel Chakra
1643:Wawel Dragon
1596:Other sights
1522:Wawel Castle
1476:
1433:
1423:Bibliography
1403:
1384:
1376:Bibliography
1362:. Retrieved
1355:
1342:
1333:
1327:
1320:Lileyko 1987
1299:. Retrieved
1295:the original
1290:
1281:
1253:. Retrieved
1249:the original
1244:
1234:
1215:
1209:
1198:. Retrieved
1191:
1173:, p. 82
1166:
1155:. Retrieved
1146:
1135:. Retrieved
1130:
1104:. Retrieved
1100:the original
1095:
1074:, p. 90
1067:
1062:, p. 89
1055:
1050:, p. 83
1043:
1038:, p. 60
1031:
1026:, p. 78
1009:, p. 12
1007:Lileyko 1987
978:
972:
961:. Retrieved
957:the original
952:
943:
932:. Retrieved
927:
917:
898:
874:Płock Diadem
869:Royal Casket
844:Crown jewels
813:Władysław IV
667:
644:Augustus III
637:
626:
614:
557:
503:
490:
464:
447:
423:Queens Crown
400:
386:
377:Royal Castle
361:
323:
300:
236:Wawel Castle
209:
204:
196:
162:
110:
106:
76:
47:
45:
41:Augustus III
1870:Netherlands
1773:Württemberg
1471:(in Polish)
1463:(in Polish)
1446:(in Polish)
1196:(in Polish)
1133:(in Polish)
930:(in Polish)
589:White Eagle
456:, made for
435:" made for
425:" made for
321:in Berlin.
129:, Germany.
97:, also the
95:Augustus II
2272:Categories
2196:Unofficial
2161:Szczerbiec
2133:Historical
2118:Kosynierzy
1864:Montenegro
1701:by country
1545:Szczerbiec
1301:2009-02-16
1274:Rożek 1987
1255:2009-02-16
1200:2009-02-16
1171:Rożek 1987
1157:2019-09-15
1137:2010-10-30
1106:2010-10-30
1072:Rożek 1987
1060:Rożek 1987
1048:Rożek 1987
1036:Rożek 1987
1024:Rożek 1987
963:2009-02-16
934:2009-02-16
886:References
781:and Queen
717:Szczerbiec
646:and Queen
615:In 1697 a
514:coronation
510:Szczerbiec
487:holy cross
465:Funebralis
362:Szczerbiec
348:Components
266:, then in
232:Jagiellons
214:. In 1370
185:Holy Lance
143:Holy Lance
123:Rüstkammer
113:, of King
107:roztruchan
105:so-called
64:Szczerbiec
2123:Rogatywka
1983:shown in
1876:Jewellery
1193:Angelfire
587:a silver
298:in 1795.
2259:Category
2243:Toporzeł
2075:Military
1951:Scotland
1937:Thailand
1902:Portugal
1858:Malaysia
1814:Lombardy
1726:Bulgaria
1439:Archived
906:Archived
838:See also
662:and two
660:sceptres
617:Freiburg
597:Augsburg
533:by King
477:sceptres
448:Homagial
205:vexillum
197:vexillum
173:Otto III
149:Treasury
121:and the
111:karacena
2248:Kotwica
1985:italics
1907:Romania
1884:Nigeria
1835:Tuscany
1803:Ireland
1793:Hungary
1766:Prussia
1759:Bavaria
1753:Germany
1748:Georgia
1737:Denmark
1731:Czechia
1716:Austria
1711:Albania
1695:Regalia
1364:18 June
737:Swedish
694:Gallery
680:Germany
454:homages
403:of the
338:thalers
315:Silesia
268:Moravia
264:Silesia
220:Hungary
169:Gniezno
133:History
127:Dresden
103:Jadwiga
31:in 1764
2213:Mottos
2151:Banner
2053:Anthem
1930:Sweden
1917:Serbia
1912:Russia
1897:Poland
1891:Norway
1842:Venice
1828:Sicily
1821:Naples
1781:Greece
1743:France
1721:Brazil
1627:statue
1410:
1391:
1222:
985:
733:Polish
676:Warsaw
658:, two
656:crowns
652:Vienna
640:silver
601:Deluge
525:, two
512:, the
475:three
381:Warsaw
307:Berlin
248:Deluge
240:Warsaw
224:Rożnów
81:", a "
72:Kraków
52:Polish
2238:Rodło
2208:Songs
2083:Flags
1958:Wales
1923:Spain
1851:Japan
1808:Italy
1514:Wawel
891:Notes
580:the "
570:the "
560:Vasas
517:sword
467:Crown
450:Crown
389:Wawel
193:relic
87:Saxon
2146:Jack
1975:bold
1798:Iran
1697:and
1625:and
1408:ISBN
1389:ISBN
1366:2023
1220:ISBN
983:ISBN
735:and
715:The
684:USSR
664:orbs
481:orbs
411:the
399:the
288:Sejm
2187:.pl
650:in
595:in
379:in
167:in
125:in
70:in
2274::
1431:,
1350:.
1310:^
1289:.
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951:.
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145:,
74:.
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2089:)
2085:(
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2012:t
2005:v
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489:(
50:(
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