9484:
ministry; hence their names are said to be written in the foundations of the new
Jerusalem, Revelation 21:14... First, Some by this rock understand Peter himself as an apostle, the chief, though not the prince, of the twelve, senior among them, but not superior over them. The church is built upon the foundation of the apostles, Ephesians 2:20. The first stones of that building were laid in and by their ministry; hence their names are said to be written in the foundations of the new Jerusalem, Revelation 21:14. ... Thirdly, Others by this rock understand this confession which Peter made of Christ, and this comes all to one with understanding it of Christ himself. It was a good confession which Peter witnessed, Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God; the rest concurred with him in it. "Now", saith Christ, "this is that great truth upon which I will build my church." 1. Take away this truth itself, and the universal church falls to the ground. If Christ be not the Son of God, Christianity is a cheat, and the church is a mere chimera; our preaching is vain, your faith is vain, and you are yet in your sins, 1 Corinthians 15:14–17. If Jesus be not the Christ, those that own him are not of the church, but deceivers and deceived. 2. Take away the faith and confession of this truth from any particular church, and it ceases to be a part of Christ's church, and relapses to the state and character of infidelity. This is articulus stantis et cadentis ecclesia – that article, with the admission or the denial of which the church either rises or falls; "the main hinge on which the door of salvation turns;" those who let go this, do not hold the foundation; and though they may call themselves Christians, they give themselves the lie; for the church is a sacred society, incorporated upon the certainty and assurance of this great truth; and great it is, and has prevailed.
8152:, Oxford University Press, quote: "Towards the latter part of the 1st century, Rome's presiding cleric, named Clement, wrote on behalf of his church to remonstrate with the Corinthian Christians who had ejected clergy without either financial or charismatic endowment in favor of a fresh lot; Clement apologized not for intervening but for not having acted sooner. Moreover, during the 2nd century the Roman community's leadership was evident in its generous alms to poorer churches. About 165, they erected monuments to their martyred apostles, to Peter in a necropolis on the Vatican Hill, to Paul on the road to Ostia, at the traditional sites of their burial. Roman bishops were already conscious of being custodians of the authentic tradition of true interpretation of the apostolic writings. In the conflict with Gnosticism Rome played a decisive role, and likewise in the deep division in Asia Minor created by the claims of the Montanist prophets."
4215:
5779:
2873:
9408:
And it is certain, that as he is spoken of in
Scripture, as the only foundation of the Church, so this is that which the apostles and evangelists laid in their preaching. It is in respect of laying this, that the names of the twelve apostles (not of St. Peter only) were equally inscribed on the twelve foundations of the city of God, Revelation 21:14. The gates of here – As gates and walls were the strength of cities, and as courts of judicature were held in their gates, this phrase properly signifies the power and policy of Satan and his instruments. Shall not prevail against it – Not against the Church universal, so as to destroy it. And they never did. There hath been a small remnant in all ages.
3054:, a special urn was used for this purpose instead of a chalice and plate. The plate is then used to drop the ballot into the chalice, making it difficult for electors to insert multiple ballots. Before being read, the ballots are counted while still folded; if the number of ballots does not match the number of electors, the ballots are burned unopened and a new vote is held. Otherwise, each ballot is read aloud by the presiding Cardinal, who pierces the ballot with a needle and thread, stringing all the ballots together and tying the ends of the thread to ensure accuracy and honesty. Balloting continues until someone is elected by a two-thirds majority. (With the promulgation of
4251:
revealed: that the Roman
Pontiff, when he speaks ex cathedra, that is, when carrying out the duty of the pastor and teacher of all Christians by his supreme apostolic authority he defines a doctrine of faith or morals to be held by the universal Church, through the divine assistance promised him in blessed Peter, operates with that infallibility with which the divine Redeemer wished that His church be instructed in defining doctrine on faith and morals; and so such definitions of the Roman Pontiff from himself, but not from the consensus of the Church, are unalterable. But if anyone presumes to contradict this definition of Ours, which may God forbid: let him be anathema.
3449:, in Italian and Latin. Currently, after a new pope is elected and accepts the election, he is asked, "By what name shall you be called?" The new pope chooses the name by which he will be known from that point on. The senior cardinal deacon, or cardinal protodeacon, then appears on the balcony of Saint Peter's to proclaim the new pope by his birth name, and announce his papal name in Latin. It's customary when referring to popes to translate the regnal name into all local languages. For example, the current pope bears the papal name Papa Franciscus in Latin and Papa Francesco in Italian, but Papa Francisco in his native Spanish, Pope Francis in English, etc.
2966:
4305:, enjoys in virtue of his office, when, as the supreme shepherd and teacher of all the faithful, who confirms his brethren in their faith, by a definitive act he proclaims a doctrine of faith or morals. And therefore his definitions, of themselves, and not from the consent of the Church, are justly styled irreformable, since they are pronounced with the assistance of the Holy Spirit, promised to him in blessed Peter, and therefore they need no approval of others, nor do they allow an appeal to any other judgment. For then the Roman Pontiff is not pronouncing judgment as a private person, but as the supreme teacher of the universal Church, in whom the
23218:
20587:
19438:
16233:
5723:
6503:(formerly called the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith), whose red cardinal's cassock gave him the name of the "Red Pope" in view of the authority over all territories that were not considered in some way Catholic. In the present time this cardinal has power over mission territories for Catholicism, essentially the Churches of Africa and Asia, but in the past his competence extended also to all lands where Protestants or Eastern Christianity was dominant. Some remnants of this situation remain, with the result that, for instance, New Zealand is still in the care of this Congregation.
2579:...the Church which is beloved and enlightened by the will of Him that wills all things which are according to the love of Jesus Christ our God, which also presides in the place of the region of the Romans, worthy of God, worthy of honour, worthy of the highest happiness, worthy of praise, worthy of obtaining her every desire, worthy of being deemed holy, and which presides over love, is named from Christ, and from the Father, which I also salute in the name of Jesus Christ, the Son of the Father: to those who are united, both according to the flesh and spirit, to every one of His commandments;
4296:
of the Holy Spirit illustrate that faith. They bring forth from the treasury of
Revelation new things and old, making it bear fruit and vigilantly warding off any errors that threaten their flock. Bishops, teaching in communion with the Roman Pontiff, are to be respected by all as witnesses to divine and Catholic truth. In matters of faith and morals, the bishops speak in the name of Christ and the faithful are to accept their teaching and adhere to it with a religious assent. This religious submission of mind and will must be shown in a special way to the authentic
95:
23206:
3953:
7020:"From an historical perspective, there is no conclusive documentary evidence from the first century or the early decades of the second century of the exercise of, or even the claim to, a primacy of the Roman bishop or to a connection with Peter, although documents from this period accord the church at Rome some kind of pre‑eminence"; and "The see of Rome, whose prominence was associated with the deaths of Peter and Paul, became the principal center in matters concerning the universal Church". The same writer quotes with approval the words of
3050:, i.e., with key, until they elect a new pope). Three cardinals are chosen by lot to collect the votes of absent cardinal electors (by reason of illness), three are chosen by lot to count the votes, and three are chosen by lot to review the count of the votes. The ballots are distributed and each cardinal elector writes the name of his choice on it and pledges aloud that he is voting for "one whom under God I think ought to be elected" before folding and depositing his vote on a plate atop a large chalice placed on the altar. For the
4331:
3654:
110:
3023:
4117:, with the arms of the Holy See (blazoned: "Gules, two keys in saltire or and argent, interlacing in the rings or, beneath a tiara argent, crowned or") on the right-hand side (the "fly") in the white half of the flag (the left-hand side—the "hoist"—is yellow). The pope's escucheon does not appear on the flag. This flag was first adopted in 1808, whereas the previous flag had been red and gold. Although Pope Benedict XVI replaced the triregnum with a mitre on his personal coat of arms, it has been retained on the flag.
5885:
296:
6194:, to have Pope Benedict XVI arrested and prosecuted in the UK for alleged offences, dating from several decades before, in failing to take appropriate action regarding Catholic sex abuse cases and concerning their disputing his immunity from prosecution in that country. This was generally dismissed as "unrealistic and spurious". Another barrister said that it was a "matter of embarrassment that a senior British lawyer would want to allow himself to be associated with such a silly idea".
3936:
3272:
3391:
337:
4054:
4170:
21363:
18328:
15296:
3977:("Pope"). Popes who have an ordinal numeral in their name traditionally place the abbreviation "PP." before the ordinal numeral, as in "Benedictus PP. XVI" (Pope Benedict XVI), except in papal bulls of canonization and decrees of ecumenical councils, which a pope signs with the formula, "Ego N. Episcopus Ecclesiae catholicae", without the numeral, as in "Ego Benedictus Episcopus Ecclesiae catholicae" (I, Benedict, Bishop of the Catholic Church).
364:
15308:
3074:
2177:
23179:
22151:
20599:
19450:
18317:
16245:
6356:
5735:
1256:
6371:
4301:
from the character of the documents, from his frequent repetition of the same doctrine, or from his manner of speaking. ... this infallibility with which the Divine
Redeemer willed His Church to be endowed in defining doctrine of faith and morals, extends as far as the deposit of Revelation extends, which must be religiously guarded and faithfully expounded. And this is the infallibility which the Roman Pontiff, the head of the
1918:
5959:
2479:, that is to say, the position of Peter and the office of the bishop's chair, was vacant. But the position once has been filled by the will of God and that appointment has been ratified by the consent of us all, if anyone wants to be made bishop after that, it has to be done outside the church; if a man does not uphold the unity of the Church's unity, it is not possible for him to have the Church's ordination.
6257:, etc.) accept the doctrine of Apostolic succession and, to varying extents, papal claims to a primacy of honour, while generally rejecting the pope as the successor to Peter in any other sense than that of other bishops. Primacy is regarded as a consequence of the pope's position as bishop of the original capital city of the Roman Empire, a definition explicitly spelled out in the 28th canon of the
6207:
6600:
6033:, a formidable general and statesman, were not afraid to use power to achieve their own ends, which included increasing the power of the papacy. This political and temporal authority was demonstrated through the papal role in the Holy Roman Empire (especially prominent during periods of contention with the emperors, such as during the pontificates of Pope Gregory VII and Pope Alexander III).
3568:). While it is only one of the terms with which the pope is referred to as "vicar", it is "more expressive of his supreme headship of the Church on Earth, which he bears in virtue of the commission of Christ and with vicarial power derived from him", a vicarial power believed to have been conferred on Saint Peter when Christ said to him: "Feed my lambs...Feed my sheep".
6699:
7303:. Although Faus is deeply critical of the temporal power of the popes ("Once again this highlights one of the greatest drawbacks of the political status of Peter's successors" – p. 64), he also admits a positive secular role on the part of the popes ("We cannot deny that papal interventions of this kind prevented more than one war in Europe" – p. 65).
4318:), put out a Declaration, stating that the intention of Vatican II to balance authority in the Church has not been realized. "Many of the key insights of Vatican II have not at all, or only partially, been implemented... A principal source of present-day stagnation lies in misunderstanding and abuse affecting the exercise of authority in our Church."
9366:
made such a glorious confession of; and who was prefigured by the rock the
Israelites drank water out of in the wilderness; and is comparable to any rock for height, shelter, strength, firmness, and duration; and is the one and only foundation of his church and people, and on whom their security, salvation, and happiness entirely depend.
4247:
Church spread over the whole world; or, that he possesses only the more important parts, but not the whole plenitude of this supreme power; or that this power of his is not ordinary and immediate, or over the churches altogether and individually, and over the pastors and the faithful altogether and individually: let him be anathema.
1511:, eventually rivalling those of territorial rulers. In recent centuries, the temporal authority of the papacy has declined and the office is now largely focused on religious matters. By contrast, papal claims of spiritual authority have been increasingly firmly expressed over time, culminating in 1870 with the proclamation of the
2245:. The concept that a monetary fine or donation accompanied contrition, confession, and prayer eventually gave way to the common assumption that indulgences depended on a simple monetary contribution. The popes condemned misunderstandings and abuses, but were too pressed for income to exercise effective control over indulgences.
2984:
80 on the day before the death or resignation of a pope. The pope does not need to be a cardinal elector or indeed a cardinal; since the pope is the bishop of Rome, only those who can be ordained a bishop can be elected, which means that any male baptized
Catholic is eligible. The last to be elected when not yet a bishop was
4097:: "two keys in saltire or and argent, interlacing in the rings or, beneath a tiara argent, crowned or". The 21st century has seen departures from this tradition. In 2005, Pope Benedict XVI, while maintaining the crossed keys behind the shield, omitted the papal tiara from his personal coat of arms, replacing it with a
7011:"Continuing in that same undertaking, this Council is resolved to declare and proclaim before all men the doctrine concerning bishops, the successors of the apostles, who together with the successor of Peter, the Vicar of Christ, the visible Head of the whole Church, govern the house of the living God."
5977:
in the 4th century did not confer upon bishops civil authority within the state, the gradual withdrawal of imperial authority during the 5th century left the pope the senior imperial civilian official in Rome, as bishops were increasingly directing civil affairs in other cities of the
Western Empire.
2694:
Since, moreover, you are close upon Italy, you have Rome, from which there comes even into our own hands the very authority (of apostles themselves). How happy is its church, on which apostles poured forth all their doctrine along with their blood! Where Peter endures a passion like his Lord's! Where
2449:
The writings of several Early Church fathers contain references to the authority and unique position held by the bishops of Rome, providing valuable insight into the recognition and significance of the papacy during the early
Christian era. These sources attest to the acknowledgement of the bishop of
1702:
Documents of the 1st century and early second century indicate that the bishop of Rome had some kind of pre-eminence and prominence in the Church as a whole, as even a letter from the bishop, or patriarch, of
Antioch acknowledged the bishop of Rome as "a first among equals", though the detail of what
1693:
Though open to historical debate, first-century Christian communities may have had a group of presbyter-bishops functioning as guides of their local churches. Gradually, episcopal sees were established in metropolitan areas. Antioch may have developed such a structure before Rome. In Rome, there were
9407:
On this rock – Alluding to his name, which signifies a rock, namely, the faith which thou hast now professed; I will build my Church – But perhaps when our Lord uttered these words, he pointed to himself, in like manner as when he said, Destroy this temple, John 2:19; meaning the temple of his body.
4295:
occupies an eminent place. For bishops are preachers of the faith, who lead new disciples to Christ, and they are authentic teachers, that is, teachers endowed with the authority of Christ, who preach to the people committed to them the faith they must believe and put into practice, and by the light
4250:
We, adhering faithfully to the tradition received from the beginning of the Christian faith, to the glory of God, our Saviour, the elevation of the Catholic religion and the salvation of Christian peoples, with the approbation of the sacred Council, teach and explain that the dogma has been divinely
3303:
is collectively responsible for the government of the Church and of the Vatican itself, under the direction of the Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church. Canon law specifically forbids the cardinals from introducing any innovation in the government of the Church during the vacancy of the Holy See. Any
3085:
One of the most prominent aspects of the papal election process is the means by which the results of a ballot are announced to the world. Once the ballots are counted and bound together, they are burned in a special stove erected in the Sistine Chapel, with the smoke escaping through a small chimney
9365:
by the rock, is meant, either the confession of faith made by Peter; not the act, nor form, but the matter of it, it containing the prime articles of Christianity, and which are as immoveable as a rock; or rather Christ himself, who points, as it were, with his finger to himself, and whom Peter had
4309:
of infallibility of the Church itself is individually present, he is expounding or defending a doctrine of Catholic faith. The infallibility promised to the Church resides also in the body of Bishops, when that body exercises the supreme magisterium with the successor of Peter. To these definitions
2983:
The pope was originally chosen by those senior clergymen resident in and near Rome. In 1059, the electorate was restricted to the cardinals of the Holy Roman Church, and the individual votes of all cardinal electors were made equal in 1179. The electors are now limited to those who have not reached
1781:
Both sides agree that this canonical taxis was recognised by all in the era of the undivided Church. Further, they agree that Rome, as the Church that “presides in love” according to the phrase of St. Ignatius of Antioch (To the Romans, Prologue), occupied the first place in the taxis, and that the
4300:
of the Roman Pontiff, even when he is not speaking ex cathedra; that is, it must be shown so that his supreme magisterium is acknowledged with reverence, the judgments made by him are sincerely adhered to, according to his manifest mind and will. His mind and will in the matter may be known either
1657:
makes a clear distinction between apostles and bishops, presenting the latter as the successors of the former, with the pope as successor of Peter, in that he is head of the bishops as Peter was head of the apostles. Some historians argue against the notion that Peter was the first bishop of Rome,
6149:
International law treats the Holy See, essentially the central government of the Catholic Church, as the juridical equal of a state. It is distinct from the state of Vatican City, existing for many centuries before the foundation of the latter. (It is common for publications and news media to use
4246:
If anyone thus speaks, that the Roman pontiff has only the office of inspection or direction, but not the full and supreme power of jurisdiction over the universal Church, not only in things which pertain to faith and morals, but also in those which pertain to the discipline and government of the
9293:
It is readily answered by the Papists, that "Peter was the rock." But let them tell me why Matthew used not the same word in Greek, if our Saviour used the same word in Syriac. If he had intimated that the church should be built upon Peter, it had been plainer and more agreeable to be the vulgar
3602:
This title "vicar of Christ" is thus not used of the pope alone and has been used of all bishops since the early centuries. The Second Vatican Council referred to all bishops as "vicars and ambassadors of Christ", and this description of the bishops was repeated by John Paul II in his encyclical
2606:
For if the lineal succession of bishops is to be taken into account, with how much more certainty and benefit to the Church do we reckon back till we reach Peter himself, to whom, as bearing in a figure the whole Church, the Lord said: Upon this rock will I build my Church, and the gates of hell
2474:
Cornelius was made bishop by the choice of God and of His Christ, by the favorable witness of almost all the clergy, by the votes of the people who were present, and by the assembly of ancient priests and good men. And he was made bishop when no one else had been made bishop before him when the
6166:
of 1976, which, while recognizing the basic immunity of foreign governments from being sued in American courts, lays down nine exceptions, including commercial activity and actions in the United States by agents or employees of the foreign governments. It was in relation to the latter that, in
9483:
First, Some by this rock understand Peter himself as an apostle, the chief, though not the prince, of the twelve, senior among them, but not superior over them. The church is built upon the foundation of the apostles, Ephesians 2:20. The first stones of that building were laid in and by their
4242:
If anyone says that it is not from the institution of Christ the Lord Himself, or by divine right that the blessed Peter has perpetual successors in the primacy over the universal Church, or that the Roman Pontiff is not the successor of blessed Peter in the same primacy, let him be anathema.
3887:
in 642, and was only used occasionally. Indeed, it did not begin to appear in the pontifical yearbook until 1863. On 22 March 2006, the Vatican released a statement explaining this omission on the grounds of expressing a "historical and theological reality" and of "being useful to ecumenical
6436:
Historically, Protestants objected to the papacy's claim of temporal power over all secular governments, including territorial claims in Italy, the papacy's complex relationship with secular states such as the Roman and Byzantine empires, and the autocratic character of the papal office. In
6343:
denominations of Christianity reject the claims of Petrine primacy of honour, Petrine primacy of jurisdiction, and papal infallibility. These denominations vary from rejecting the legitimacy of the pope's claim to authority, to believing that the pope is the Antichrist from 1 John 2:18, the
1954:) administered the church with strict reform. From an ancient senatorial family, Gregory worked with the stern judgement and discipline typical of ancient Roman rule. Theologically, he represents the shift from the classical to the medieval outlook; his popular writings are full of dramatic
1728:
were used interchangeably, with the consensus among scholars being that by the turn of the 1st and 2nd centuries, local congregations were led by bishops and presbyters, whose duties of office overlapped or were indistinguishable from one another. Some say that there was probably "no single
6475:
In the earlier centuries of Christianity, the title "Pope", meaning "father", had been used by all bishops. Some popes used the term and others did not. Eventually, the title became associated especially with the bishop of Rome. In a few cases, the term is used for other Christian clerical
5833:
of the bishop of Rome (including the Roman Curia); the pope's various honours, powers, and privileges within the Catholic Church and the international community derive from his Episcopate of Rome in lineal succession from the Saint Peter, one of the twelve apostles. Consequently, Rome has
4261:
3307:
In recent centuries, when a pope was judged to have died, it was reportedly traditional for the cardinal camerlengo to confirm the death ceremonially by gently tapping the pope's head thrice with a silver hammer, calling his birth name each time. This was not done on the deaths of popes
1782:
bishop of Rome was therefore the protos among the patriarchs. They disagree, however, on the interpretation of the historical evidence from this era regarding the prerogatives of the bishop of Rome as protos, a matter that was already understood in different ways in the first millennium.
2312:
4105:
as a sign of communion with the See of Rome. Although the tiara was omitted in the pope's personal coat of arms, the coat of arms of the Holy See, which includes the tiara, remained unaltered. In 2013, Pope Francis maintained the mitre that replaced the tiara, but omitted the pallium.
1668:, who wrote around 180 AD, reflect a belief that Peter "founded and organized" the Church at Rome. Moreover, Irenaeus was not the first to write of Peter's presence in the early Roman Church. The Church of Rome wrote in a letter to the Corinthians (which is traditionally attributed to
6154:
for the Holy See.) Most countries of the world maintain the same form of diplomatic relations with the Holy See that they entertain with other states. Even countries without those diplomatic relations participate in international organizations of which the Holy See is a full member.
8207:"Let the ancient customs in Egypt, Libya and Pentapolis prevail, that the Bishop of Alexandria has jurisdiction over them all, since a similar arrangement is the custom for the Bishop of Rome. Likewise let the churches in Antioch and the other provinces retain their privileges" (
6709:
There have been a number of popes whose reign lasted about a month or less. In the following list the number of calendar days includes partial days. Thus, for example, if a pope's reign commenced on 1 August and he died on 2 August, this counts as reigning for two calendar days.
2798:
I tell you, you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in
2835:" in the first of these texts. Some Protestant writers have maintained that the "rock" that Jesus speaks of in this text is Jesus himself or the faith expressed by Peter. This idea is undermined by the Biblical usage of "Cephas", which is the masculine form of "rock" in
3896:, as solemnly proclaimed by the Second Vatican Council. "Patriarch of the West" was reintroduced to the pope's list of titles in the 2024 edition of the Annuario Pontifico. The Vatican has not made any statements explaining why the title has been brought back into use.
3575:. But at that time, and down to the 9th century, other bishops too referred to themselves as vicars of Christ, and for another four centuries this description was sometimes used of kings and even judges, as it had been used in the 5th and 6th centuries to refer to the
3003:
was convened on 7 May 1274, to regulate the election of the pope. This Council decreed that the cardinal electors must meet within ten days of the pope's death, and that they must remain in seclusion until a pope has been elected; this was prompted by the three-year
1698:
and listed them. Some writers claim that the emergence of a single bishop in Rome probably did not occur until the middle of the 2nd century. In their view, Linus, Cletus and Clement were possibly prominent presbyter-bishops, but not necessarily monarchical bishops.
8162:
2753:
You cannot deny that you are aware that in the city of Rome the episcopal chair was given first to Peter; the chair in which Peter sat, the same who was head—that is why he is also called Cephas —of all the apostles; the one chair in which unity is maintained by
6103:
In recent decades, although the papacy has become less directly involved in politics, popes have nevertheless retained significant political influence. They have also served as mediators, with the support of the Catholic establishment. John Paul II, a native of
3762:). The term came to be applied to any Christian bishop, but since the 11th century commonly refers specifically to the bishop of Rome, who is more strictly called the "Roman Pontiff". The use of the term to refer to bishops in general is reflected in the terms "
6197:
Sovereign immunity does not apply to disputes relating to commercial transactions, and governmental units of the Holy See can face trial in foreign commercial courts. The first such trial to take place in the English courts is likely to occur in 2022 or 2023.
2450:
Rome as an influential figure within the Church, with some emphasizing the importance of adherence to Rome's teachings and decisions. Such references served to establish the concept of papal primacy and have continued to inform Catholic theology and practice.
3225:, reminding the newly crowned pope that he would not live to see his rule lasting as long as that of St. Peter. According to tradition, he headed the church for 35 years and has thus far been the longest-reigning pope in the history of the Catholic Church.
9445:
There is the Greek a play upon the words, "thou art Peter petros – literally 'a little rock', and upon this rock Petra I will build my church." He does not promise to build His church upon Peter, but upon Himself, as Peter is careful to tell us (1 Peter
1685:
Given this and other evidence, such as Emperor Constantine's erection of the "Old St. Peter's Basilica" on the location of St. Peter's tomb, as held and given to him by Rome's Christian community, many scholars agree that Peter was martyred in Rome under
2713:
For this is the manner in which the apostolic churches transmit their registers: as the church of Smyrna, which records that Polycarp was placed therein by John; as also the church of Rome, which makes Clement to have been ordained in like manner by
2040:. The papacy came under the control of vying political factions. Popes were variously imprisoned, starved, killed, and deposed by force. The family of a certain papal official made and unmade popes for fifty years. The official's great-grandson,
6070:, saying, "we offer and freely yield...to our lord Pope Innocent III and his catholic successors, the whole kingdom of England and the whole kingdom of Ireland with all their rights and appurtenences for the remission of our sins". The Bull
2286:
The Eastern Church continued to decline with the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire, undercutting Constantinople's claim to equality with Rome. Twice an Eastern Emperor tried to force the Eastern Church to reunify with the West. First in the
3014:
in 1268. By the mid-16th century, the electoral process had evolved into its present form, allowing for variation in the time between the death of the pope and the meeting of the cardinal electors. Traditionally, the vote was conducted by
10297:
As the reign of the pope has conventionally been from election until death, papal resignation is an uncommon event. Before the 21st century, only five popes unambiguously resigned with historical certainty, all between the 10th and 15th
3096:. (Traditionally, wet straw was used to produce the black smoke, but this was not completely reliable. The chemical compound is more reliable than the straw.) When a vote is successful, the ballots are burned alone, sending white smoke (
12063:
2086:
or deposition of clergy in their states and fiefdoms, their personal interests causing corruption among the clergy. This practice had become common because often the prelates and secular rulers were also participants in public life.
5834:
traditionally occupied a central position in the Catholic Church, although this is not necessarily so. The pope derives his pontificate from being the bishop of Rome but is not required to live there; according to the Latin formula
4222:
The status and authority of the pope in the Catholic Church was dogmatically defined by the First Vatican Council on 18 July 1870. In its Dogmatic Constitution of the Church of Christ, the council established the following canons:
2920:
In the Books of Isaiah 22:3 and Matthew 16:18, both Eliakim and Peter are compared to an object. Eliakim to a peg (a structure that is driven into a wall or other structure to provide support and stability) while Peter to a rock.
2662:
as his companion at Rome, was Peter’s successor in the episcopate of the church there, as has already been shown. Clement also, who was appointed third bishop of the church at Rome, was, as Paul testifies, his co-laborer and
3799:, is a title commonly found in inscriptions on papal buildings, paintings, statues and coins, usually abbreviated as "Pont. Max" or "P.M." The office of Pontifex Maximus, or head of the College of Pontiffs, was held by
10140:
12183:
1460:
and spiritual independence. The Holy See is recognized by its adherence at various levels to international organizations and by means of its diplomatic relations and political accords with many independent states.
159:
11485:
13254:
10004:
8911:
8858:
7189:
3548:, where the title "pope" is used also of the bishop of Alexandria, the bishop of Rome is often referred to as the "pope of Rome", regardless of whether the speaker or writer is in communion with Rome or not.
2884:
Both Matthew 16:18–19 and Isaiah 22:22 show similarities between Eliakim and Peter getting keys which symbolize power. Eliakim gets the power to close and open, while Peter gets the power to bind and loose.
10170:
11887:
6462:
Traditionally, this term was reserved for claimants with a significant following of cardinals or other clergy. The existence of an antipope is usually due either to doctrinal controversy within the Church
5838:, wherever the pope resides is the central government of the Church. As such, between 1309 and 1378, the popes lived in Avignon, France, a period often called the "Babylonian captivity" in allusion to the
7032:
as Peter's successor, the first in honor among us, and the presider over charity, this great church leader was expressing the essential content of the declarations of the primacy of the first millennium".
6433:(WELS), another Confessional Lutheran church that declares the Papacy to be the Antichrist, released its own statement, the "Statement on the Antichrist", in 1959. The WELS still holds to this statement.
3540:
normally reserved this designation for the bishop of Rome. From the early 6th century, it began to be confined in the West to the bishop of Rome, a practice that was firmly in place by the 11th century.
1678:) about the persecution of Christians in Rome as the "struggles in our time" and presented to the Corinthians its heroes, "first, the greatest and most just columns", the "good apostles" Peter and Paul.
9123:
22772:
22442:
4393:
12606:
12088:
2810:
Simon, Simon, behold, Satan demanded to have you, that he might sift you like wheat, but I have prayed for you that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned again, strengthen your brothers.
6179:
could proceed, provided the plaintiffs could prove that the bishops accused of negligent supervision were acting as employees or agents of the Holy See and were following official Holy See policy.
1646:
as their head, is now held by their successors, the bishops, with the bishop of Rome (the pope) as their head. Thus is derived another title by which the pope is known, that of "supreme pontiff".
12253:
11965:
10821:
7742:
2845:
comments that "the consensus of the great majority of scholars today is that the most obvious and traditional understanding should be construed, namely, that rock refers to the person of Peter".
3357:
states, "If it happens that the Roman Pontiff resigns his office, it is required for validity that the resignation is made freely and properly manifested but not that it is accepted by anyone."
11580:
11537:
12757:"Brief Statement of the Doctrinal Position of the Missouri Synod in the By-Gone Days of Its Orthodoxy (1932): Still by God's Grace the Scriptural Position of the Concordia Lutheran Conference"
6832:
attaches no consecutive numbers to the popes, stating that it is impossible to decide which side represented at various times the legitimate succession, in particular regarding Pope Leo VIII,
12399:
2260:
holds that the supreme authority of the church lies with a General Council, not with the pope. Its foundations were laid early in the 13th century, and it culminated in the 15th century with
1694:
over time at various junctures rival claimants to be the rightful bishop, though again Irenaeus stressed the validity of one line of bishops from the time of St. Peter up to his contemporary
12580:
2349:(1545–1563), whose definitions of doctrine and whose reforms sealed the triumph of the papacy over elements in the church that sought conciliation with Protestants and opposed papal claims.
2090:
To combat this and other practices that had been seen as corrupting the Church between the years 900 and 1050, centres emerged promoting ecclesiastical reform, the most important being the
9885:
12808:
3513:
The best-known title, that of "pope", does not appear in the official list, but is commonly used in the titles of documents, and appears, in abbreviated form, in their signatures. Thus
19885:
17004:
16841:
12881:
1216:
7872:
22188:
20348:
9758:
9002:
4310:
the assent of the Church can never be wanting, on account of the activity of that same Holy Spirit, by which the whole flock of Christ is preserved and progresses in unity of faith.
9907:
6162:
ruled that the pope enjoys head-of-state immunity. This head-of-state immunity, recognized by the United States, must be distinguished from that envisaged under the United States'
12550:
4235:, or, that the same received great honour but did not receive from the same our Lord Jesus Christ directly and immediately the primacy in true and proper jurisdiction: let him be
1744:
had been a center of Jewish learning and became a center of Christian learning. Rome had a large congregation early in the apostolic period whom Paul the Apostle addressed in his
13152:. Vol. IV. The Age of Faith: A History of Medieval Civilization – Christian, Islamic, and Judaic – from Constantine to Dante, A.D. 325–1300. New York: Simon & Schuster.
3973:
dated 29 June 2013) or in another language. Other documents he signs in accordance with the tradition of using Latin only and including the abbreviated form "PP.", for the Latin
12056:
4101:
with three horizontal lines. Beneath the shield he added the pallium, a papal symbol of authority more ancient than the tiara, the use of which is also granted to metropolitan
22587:
5998:. This document, accepted as genuine until the 15th century, states that Constantine the Great placed the entire Western Empire of Rome under papal rule. In 800, Pope Leo III
1850:
dogmatic, and in its sixth canon recognized the special role of the Sees of Rome, Alexandria, and Antioch. Great defenders of Trinitarian faith included the popes, especially
3251:
For centuries, from 1378 on, those elected to the papacy were predominantly Italians. Prior to the election of the Polish-born John Paul II in 1978, the last non-Italian was
20061:
10132:
4787:
4648:
4642:
12627:"Therefore, on the basis of a renewed study of the pertinent Scriptures we reaffirm the statement of the Lutheran Confessions, that 'the Pope is the very Antichrist'" from
12167:
7167:
2690:" about the authority of the church in Rome. In this work, Tertullian said that the Church in Rome has the authority of the Apostles because of its apostolic foundation.
19899:
10343:
9781:"Press Conference on the Tenth General Congregations of the College of Cardinals (11 March) and Regarding Events of the Coming Days: Tenth and Last General Congregation"
1286:
3908:" (either used alone or as an honorific prefix as in "His Holiness Pope Francis"; and as "Your Holiness" as a form of address), "Holy Father". In Spanish and Italian, "
2910:
I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.”
1535:
or morals. The pope is considered one of the world's most powerful people due to the extensive diplomatic, cultural, and spiritual influence of his position on both 1.3
20041:
19242:
18708:
13246:
11747:
11481:
10001:
9676:
9594:
1758:), the Roman capital became recognized as a Christian center of exceptional importance. The church there, at the end of the century, wrote an epistle to the Church in
12276:
10445:
8895:
7240:
No one who seeks to make sense of modern issues within Christendom – or, indeed, world history – can neglect the vital shaping role of the popes.) Basic Books. 2009.
6495:
importance within the Church. This name, based on the black colour of his cassock, was used to suggest a parallel between him and the "White Pope" (since the time of
2607:
shall not prevail against it! Matthew 16:18. The successor of Peter was Linus, and his successors in unbroken continuity were these:— Clement, Anacletus, Evaristus...
20127:
16596:
8842:
7193:
9470:
9432:
9280:
3113:
then asks two solemn questions of the man who has been elected. First he asks, "Do you freely accept your election as supreme pontiff?" If he replies with the word
20137:
19880:
19863:
18011:
11695:
10162:
5068:
19980:
9980:
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in 1804 but did not actually perform the crowning. As mentioned above, the pope's sovereignty over the Papal States ended in 1870 with their annexation by Italy.
21806:
21399:
8127:
2197:
9808:
6366:. Cranach shows Jesus kissing Peter's foot during the footwashing. This stands in contrast to the opposing woodcut, where the pope demands others kiss his foot.
20036:
16626:
9780:
1905:, was the first important barbarian ruler to convert to the mainstream church rather than Arianism, allying himself with the papacy. Other tribes, such as the
18793:
9352:
5544:
4069:, each pope has his own personal coat of arms. Though unique for each pope, the arms have for several centuries been traditionally accompanied by two keys in
2741:, presents a detailed analysis of the origins, beliefs, and practices of the Donatists, as well as the events and debates surrounding the schism, in his book
22181:
21871:
21622:
20392:
20318:
19975:
1606:(440–461), a reservation made official only in the 11th century. The earliest record of the use of the title of 'pope' was in regard to the by-then-deceased
9318:
6138:
from the jurisdiction of the courts of other countries, though not from that of international tribunals. This immunity is sometimes loosely referred to as "
3244:, which designates a category of dissident Catholics who maintain that there is no canonically and legitimately elected pope, and that there is therefore a
20982:
20416:
20122:
17931:
12602:
12222:
12080:
11635:
9830:
5149:
2594:(354 – 430 AD), in his Letter 53, wrote a list of 38 popes from Saint Peter to Siricius. The order of this list differs from the lists of Irenaeus and the
12856:
12430:
6467:) or to confusion as to who is the legitimate pope at the time (schism). Briefly in the 15th century, three separate lines of popes claimed authenticity.
5857:, who assures direct episcopal oversight of the diocese's pastoral needs, not in his own name but in that of the pope. The most recent cardinal vicar was
4128:(reigned 1566–1572), is often credited with having originated the custom whereby the pope wears white, by continuing after his election to wear the white
3331:
of a leading church or cathedral; all popes who have died in the 20th and 21st centuries have been interred in St. Peter's Basilica. A nine-day period of
1614:(232–248). The earliest recorded use of the title "pope" in English dates to the mid-10th century, when it was used in reference to the 7th century Roman
21337:
17029:
12119:
5664:
5154:
2430:, the controversial doctrinal basis of the pope's authority, continues to divide the eastern and western churches and to separate Protestants from Rome.
1762:
intervening in a major dispute, and apologizing for not having taken action earlier. There are a few other references of that time to recognition of the
12245:
11957:
11100:
11034:
10813:
8163:"Ravenna Document | Ecclesiological and Canonical Consequences of the Sacramental Nature of the Church. Ecclesial Communion, Conciliarity and Authority"
7734:
20424:
20051:
11577:
11529:
9867:
6286:
3892:—and the omission of the title neither symbolizes in any way a change in this relationship, nor distorts the relationship between the Holy See and the
3498:
2695:
Paul wins his crown in a death like John's where the Apostle John was first plunged, unhurt, into boiling oil, and thence remitted to his island-exile!
15244:
9564:
1488:, they played a role of secular importance in Western Europe, often acting as arbitrators between Christian monarchs. In addition to the expansion of
22903:
22105:
20117:
19101:
17496:
15633:
5509:
5293:
1877:
to be the state religion of the empire, with the name "Catholic Christians" reserved for those who accepted that faith. While the civil power in the
1649:
The Catholic Church teaches that Jesus personally appointed Peter as the visible head of the Church, and the Catholic Church's dogmatic constitution
19985:
12407:
22174:
21715:
20046:
16282:
15983:
12993:
12572:
11808:
8880:
7703:
1211:
3607:
95. The difference is that the other bishops are vicars of Christ for their own local churches, the pope is vicar of Christ for the whole Church.
23238:
20539:
19848:
19647:
19050:
17817:
16146:
12812:
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8445:
6524:
5041:
5014:
4602:
1279:
12738:
23162:
20056:
19416:
6500:
5765:
5144:
3536:(d. 304) is the first bishop of Rome shown in sources to have had the title "pope" used of him. From the 6th century, the imperial chancery of
13597:
10050:
9117:
8293:
Wilken, Robert (2004). "Christianity". in Hitchcock, Susan Tyler; Esposito, John. Geography of Religion. National Geographic Society. p. 286.
4314:
On 11 October 2012, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the opening of the Second Vatican Council 60 prominent theologians, (including
4214:
20636:
20471:
20031:
18364:
18209:
17996:
16999:
16336:
13591:
8780:
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yet retain a Catholic hierarchical framework, have used the designation "pope" for a founder or current leader. Examples include the African
4468:
4152:
and stockings. Many contemporary portraits of 15th and 16th-century predecessors of Pius V show them wearing a white cassock similar to his.
12631:
9957:
22682:
22647:
21096:
19805:
19002:
16879:
16082:
10969:
The bridge making has been interpreted in terms of "one who smoothes the way for the gods and to the gods" (Van Haeperen, Françoise, 2002.
9727:
7895:
7868:
7052:
Wilken, p. 281, quote: "Some (Christian communities) had been founded by Peter, the disciple Jesus designated as the founder of his church.
4637:
1682:
wrote shortly after Clement; in his letter from the city of Smyrna to the Romans, he said he would not command them as Peter and Paul did.
12376:
9750:
8569:
8424:
7905:
6010:; from that date onward the popes claimed the prerogative to crown the emperor, though the right fell into disuse after the coronation of
2996:
in 1378. If someone who is not a bishop is elected, he must be given episcopal ordination before the election is announced to the people.
21392:
20112:
19858:
19853:
19839:
17548:
17291:
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15113:
12786:
11297:
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10039:
9904:
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6125:
5063:
5024:
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12541:
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10860:
8647:
8608:
23253:
21850:
21737:
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18388:
18377:
18204:
17233:
17136:
15445:
12967:
11770:
10948:
7056:
Once the position was institutionalized, historians looked back and recognized Peter as the first Pope of the Christian church in Rome"
6158:
It is as head of the state-equivalent worldwide religious jurisdiction of the Holy See (not of the territory of Vatican City) that the
5679:
5454:
1272:
380:
12946:
12760:
11391:
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of the Holy See. That of the State of Vatican City is the same except that the positions of the gold and silver keys are interchanged.
21863:
21704:
21648:
21574:
21558:
18820:
18169:
18031:
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13585:
13399:
The History of the Popes, from the Close of the Middle Ages: Drawn from the Secret Archives of the Vatican and Other Original Sources
11018:
10916:
8277:
7025:
4453:
2295:(1431–1449). Papal claims of superiority were a sticking point in reunification, which failed in any event. In the 15th century, the
10467:
9933:
6479:
In English, Catholic priests are still addressed as "father", but the term "pope" is reserved for the head of the church hierarchy.
6112:
between Argentina and Chile, two predominantly Catholic countries. In the 21st century, Francis played a role in brokering the 2015
3316:
and cuts it in two in the presence of the cardinals. The pope's seals are defaced, to keep them from ever being used again, and his
2323:(1545–1563), which established the triumph of the papacy over those who sought to reconcile with Protestants or oppose papal claims.
21768:
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20876:
20228:
18419:
16544:
15574:
12680:
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10418:
9394:
9213:
8284:
XVI.i.2, Medieval Sourcebook: Banning of Other Religions by Paul Halsall, June 1997, Fordham University, retrieved 4 September 2007
7211:
6488:
5599:
4833:
3502:
2200:. Popes had galled the Byzantine emperors by siding with the king of the Franks, crowning a rival Roman emperor, appropriating the
10886:
10276:
10235:
2264:
as its leading spokesman. The failure of Conciliarism to gain broad acceptance after the 15th century is taken as a factor in the
1484:. In ancient times, the popes helped spread Christianity and intervened to find resolutions in various doctrinal disputes. In the
23278:
21936:
21588:
20107:
19967:
18116:
17210:
16106:
15613:
15107:
13171:
12916:
10989:
10497:
8750:
7381:
4007:) is a canopy or umbrella consisting of alternating red and gold stripes, which used to be carried above the pope in processions.
2102:, in order to fight strongly against simony and the abuse of civil power and try to restore ecclesiastical discipline, including
2021:(800) as emperor, he established the precedent that, in Western Europe, no man would be emperor without being crowned by a pope.
376:
345:
12669:
12341:
10335:
10032:
with steps, a reference to the seating arrangement for the presbyters in the apse of the church, with the bishop in the middle (
7159:
7137:
6686:(1394–1423) ruled for 28 years, 7 months and 12 days, which would place him third in the above list. Since he is regarded as an
3019:, by selection (by committee), or by plenary vote. Acclamation was the simplest procedure, consisting entirely of a voice vote.
2556:
having succeeded Anicetus, Eleutherius does now, in the twelfth place from the apostles, hold the inheritance of the episcopate.
22557:
21641:
21554:
21385:
20946:
16444:
16439:
16034:
11415:
6856:
6109:
5715:
5504:
5288:
5139:
5081:
4994:
4575:
3844:
1625:
7355:
3240:, the period between the death or resignation of a pope and the election of his successor. From this term is derived the term
22896:
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21749:
19894:
19174:
18941:
18148:
18096:
16728:
15172:
13549:
13527:
13506:
13383:
13361:
13342:
13323:
13279:
13215:
13181:
13157:
13133:
13109:
13087:
13066:
13039:
13019:
12150:
11573:
11442:
11365:
11331:
10854:
10785:
10653:
10623:
10372:
9721:
8905:
8852:
8813:
8641:
8602:
8496:
8407:
8262:
8013:
7982:
7813:
7782:
7661:
7636:
7611:
7586:
7561:
7524:
7343:
7245:
7108:
6941:
According to Catholic ecclesiology, Jesus Christ is the "invisible head" of the Church, while the Pope is the "visible head".
6610:
The longest papal reigns of those whose reign lengths can be determined from contemporary historical data are the following:
5549:
5308:
4510:
4232:
3139:) await in three sizes. Donning the appropriate vestments and reemerging into the Sistine Chapel, the new pope is given the "
2896:
I will place the key of the House of David on his shoulder; what he opens, no one will shut, what he shuts, no one will open.
2057:
13433:
12721:
12702:
12319:
11743:
11275:
10312:
10200:
10109:
9672:
9586:
8819:
1539:
billion Catholics and those outside the Catholic faith, and because he heads the world's largest non-government provider of
22802:
22607:
22257:
21581:
20767:
19039:
18876:
18086:
17822:
16340:
16275:
16029:
12639:
12280:
10441:
9517:
9094:
8996:
8973:
6430:
6414:
5469:
4775:
4607:
2939:
And I tell you, you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it
1038:
12517:
9784:
7441:
23263:
23086:
21846:
21834:
21826:
20970:
20958:
20836:
20503:
20102:
20084:
19669:
19410:
19257:
19076:
18126:
17956:
16864:
16611:
15978:
15638:
15274:
12453:
11665:
9462:
9390:
9272:
9183:
8044:
6516:
5114:
4816:
3144:
11687:
9153:
6521:
Pope and Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy Orthodox and Apostolic Throne of Saint Mark the Evangelist and Holy Apostle
6459:
Groups sometimes form around antipopes, who claim the Pontificate without being canonically and properly elected to it.
5778:
4093:—two strips of fabric hanging from the back of the triregnum which fall over the neck and shoulders when worn). This is
3995:, a gold or gilt ring decorated with a depiction of St. Peter in a boat casting his net, with the pope's name around it.
521:
21928:
21774:
21753:
20695:
20508:
20218:
19635:
19487:
19400:
18859:
17785:
17282:
16891:
16616:
15559:
15536:
15250:
10719:
10689:
9977:
9064:
7837:
6901:
6520:
6406:
5965:, a woodcut by Lucas Cranach of the pope using the temporal power to grant authority to a generously contributing ruler
5853:
Though the pope is the diocesan bishop of Rome, he delegates most of the day-to-day work of leading the diocese to the
5803:
5758:
5364:
4690:
4632:
4515:
3888:
dialogue". The title patriarch of the West symbolized the pope's special relationship with, and jurisdiction over, the
2598:. Augustine's list claims that Linus was succeeded by Clement and Clement was succeeded by Anacletus as in the list of
1480:
in the first century. The papacy is one of the most enduring institutions in the world and has had a prominent part in
1221:
248:
12647:
11991:
9536:
3102:) through the chimney and announcing to the world the election of a new pope. Starting with the Papal conclave, 2005,
23053:
22828:
22722:
22717:
21919:
21632:
20629:
20286:
20147:
20079:
19834:
18921:
18357:
17768:
17370:
17017:
16851:
16302:
16024:
16019:
15927:
12313:
11013:
10982:
10761:
10603:
9805:
9424:
8475:
8338:
8298:
8195:
7300:
6871:
6422:
5659:
5119:
5007:
4838:
4750:
2498:
130 – c. 202 AD), a prominent Christian theologian of the second century, provided a list of early popes in his work
1098:
836:
15618:
13421:
The Popes and Science: The History of the Papal Relations to Science During the Middle Ages and Down to Our Own Time
11605:
7411:
4140:, a book of ceremonies compiled in about 1274. Later books of ceremonies describe the pope as wearing a red mantle,
1792:
In AD 195, Pope Victor I, in what is seen as an exercise of Roman authority over other churches, excommunicated the
1598:), meaning 'father'. In the early centuries of Christianity, this title was applied, especially in the East, to all
23081:
22889:
21729:
20755:
20260:
20223:
20142:
19191:
18668:
18282:
17830:
17583:
17528:
17393:
17128:
17124:
16869:
16654:
16601:
15997:
15569:
15346:
10527:
9344:
7132:
6911:
6163:
5694:
5344:
4826:
4770:
4565:
4483:
4136:. In reality, the basic papal attire was white long before. The earliest document that describes it as such is the
3617:) is used only of the pope, not of other bishops. Variations of it include: "Vicar of the Prince of the Apostles" (
3117:, his reign begins at that instant. In practice, any cardinal who intends not to accept will explicitly state this
3110:
1890:
1015:
804:
353:
11829:
Compare the portrait reproduced in the article on Pius V with those in the articles on his immediate predecessors
11721:
3571:
The first record of the application of this title to a bishop of Rome appears in a synod of 495 with reference to
3304:
decision that requires the assent of the pope has to wait until the new pope has been elected and accepts office.
2129:
decreed that clerics were to be invested by clerical leaders, and temporal rulers by lay investiture. Soon after,
22833:
22277:
22053:
22037:
21965:
21815:
21783:
21694:
21611:
21543:
21527:
21310:
20773:
20711:
20702:
20448:
20328:
20132:
19995:
19875:
19760:
19247:
18291:
17633:
17608:
17573:
17568:
17533:
17413:
17012:
16896:
16486:
16449:
16332:
16312:
16268:
16173:
16161:
13625:
9310:
5811:
5514:
5298:
5094:
4853:
4727:
4684:
3147:. The pope assumes a place of honour as the rest of the cardinals wait in turn to offer their first "obedience" (
2971:
1544:
1020:
829:
228:
12206:
11627:
9827:
2779:
teaches that, within the Christian community, the bishops as a body have succeeded to the body of the apostles (
23283:
23248:
23140:
22849:
22472:
22079:
22045:
22024:
21484:
21166:
20785:
20012:
19623:
19169:
18926:
18630:
18426:
18229:
17941:
17628:
17598:
17578:
17518:
17308:
17024:
16562:
16554:
16466:
16327:
16307:
16195:
15643:
13679:
12852:
12830:
12422:
12111:
9498:
8684:
6861:
6846:
6306:
6294:
6168:
5303:
5134:
5076:
4665:
4560:
4555:
3595:. Other historians suggest that this title was already used in this way in association with the pontificate of
3587:
sent by Jesus. Its use specifically for the pope appears in the 13th century in connection with the reforms of
3506:
3211:
at the top of a gilded pole, which would flare brightly for a moment and then promptly extinguish, as he said,
2925:
And I will fasten him like a peg in a secure place, and he will become a throne of honor to his father's house.
1508:
953:
511:
22005:
11905:
11894:
6790:
as a bishop. He is not recognized as a valid pope, but was added to the lists of popes in the 15th century as
6229:
The pope's claim to authority is either disputed or rejected outright by other churches, for various reasons.
2196:
and the Catholic Church split definitively in 1054. This fracture was caused more by political events than by
23043:
22787:
22457:
21672:
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20761:
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18979:
18771:
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15368:
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11009:
8670:
6418:
6254:
6011:
5751:
5609:
5539:
5389:
4760:
4227:
If anyone says that the blessed Apostle Peter was not established by the Lord Christ as the chief of all the
3016:
2516:
the office of the episcopate. Of this Linus, Paul makes mention in the Epistles to Timothy. To him succeeded
1763:
1390:
1321:
1068:
484:
18728:
9864:
3090:. The ballots from an unsuccessful vote are burned along with a chemical compound to create black smoke, or
2749:
In the book, Optatus wrote about the position of the bishop of Rome in maintaining the unity of the Church.
23210:
23031:
23026:
22966:
22712:
22672:
22572:
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22392:
20622:
19870:
19740:
19695:
19664:
19539:
19375:
19186:
18881:
18723:
18350:
18184:
18155:
18138:
18046:
17658:
17623:
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17034:
16785:
16698:
15666:
15268:
9554:
5604:
5204:
5029:
4765:
4530:
3207:("to the City and to the World"). Another renowned part of the coronation was the lighting of a bundle of
2341:(1560–1648), which addressed the challenges of the Protestant Reformation and instituted internal reforms.
2253:
2110:
652:
17:
3781:
lists as one of the official titles of the pope that of "Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church" (Latin:
2965:
1732:
In the early Christian era, Rome and a few other cities had claims on the leadership of worldwide Church.
22971:
22687:
22387:
21907:
20405:
20323:
20281:
19722:
19581:
19270:
19110:
18966:
18461:
18194:
16944:
16812:
16681:
15097:
13097:
12943:
6817:
6238:
5579:
5444:
5384:
5192:
5086:
5053:
4959:
4733:
4700:
4592:
4463:
2872:
2499:
2377:
2082:
From the 7th century it became common for European monarchies and nobility to found churches and perform
1889:, the bishops of Rome were able to consolidate the influence and power they already possessed. After the
1882:
1611:
1602:
and other senior clergy, and later became reserved in the West to the bishop of Rome during the reign of
1417:
841:
642:
32:"Papacy", "Papal", and "Roman pontiff" redirect here. For the historic state controlled by the pope, see
21356:
12989:
11800:
7699:
7689:"pope, n.1". Oxford English Dictionary Online. September 2011. Oxford University Press. 21 November 2011
2060:
continued, and eventually dukes in league with the emperor were buying bishops and popes almost openly.
1812:). Celebration of Easter on a Sunday, as insisted on by the pope, is the system that has prevailed (see
1409:
and the powers of "binding and loosing", naming him as the "rock" upon which the Church would be built.
23196:
22926:
22818:
22767:
22762:
22737:
22707:
22592:
22503:
22097:
21879:
20498:
20303:
20165:
19817:
19730:
19014:
18844:
18831:
18713:
18570:
18403:
18111:
17909:
17563:
17215:
17181:
17140:
16094:
16055:
15681:
15483:
13674:
13570:
11482:"Communiqué concernant la suppression du titre "Patriarche d'Occident" dans l'Annuaire pontifical 2006"
11192:
10387:
9306:
6683:
6543:
6280:
5534:
5169:
3986:
3610:
On at least one occasion the title "vicar of God" (a reference to Christ as God) was used of the pope.
2094:, which spread its ideals throughout Europe. This reform movement gained strength with the election of
1982:
1343:
755:
402:
11386:
10943:
10413:
9559:
8441:
7900:
7128:"Christ's Faithful – Hierarchy, Laity, Consecrated Life: The episcopal college and its head, the pope"
3279:
at the Vatican in April 2005, presided over by Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, the future Pope Benedict XVI
2869:
also describes him as having the key to the house of David, which symbolizes his authority and power.
2841:
1587:
22797:
22742:
22702:
22657:
22652:
22632:
22622:
22617:
22612:
22597:
22582:
22577:
22562:
22552:
22519:
22352:
22111:
21993:
21332:
20480:
20308:
20298:
19405:
19292:
19213:
19196:
19131:
18810:
18738:
18698:
18513:
18301:
18247:
17918:
17868:
17558:
17513:
16621:
16060:
13654:
11507:
11236:
11152:
10548:
6579:
6531:
6332:, a passage that even prior to the Reformation had been applied to the pope as the Antichrist of the
6290:
5409:
5394:
5374:
5268:
5129:
4865:
4720:
4478:
3398:
3263:, the first non-European after 1272 years and the first Latin American (albeit of Italian ancestry).
2659:
2641:
2157:
1943:
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the pope served as a source of authority and continuity.
1093:
303:
137:
18718:
11232:
11228:
11212:
11208:
11204:
11184:
10741:
2788:
Scriptural texts proposed in support of Peter's special position in relation to the church include:
2353:
2222:
was notorious for greed and corruption. During this period, the pope was effectively an ally of the
2067:
travelled to the major cities of Europe to deal with the church's moral problems firsthand, notably
938:
22946:
22823:
22782:
22757:
22747:
22732:
22727:
22677:
22642:
22627:
22091:
21999:
21978:
20829:
20779:
19918:
19782:
19735:
19576:
19571:
19346:
19304:
19031:
18905:
18609:
18548:
18331:
18267:
18189:
18160:
17780:
17775:
17653:
17553:
17538:
17523:
17365:
17186:
17076:
16994:
16818:
16795:
16746:
16419:
16200:
15992:
15426:
13250:
11224:
11220:
11216:
11200:
11196:
11188:
10047:
6242:
6176:
6019:
5990:
gave to the pope the land from his conquest of the Lombards. The pope may have utilized the forged
5870:
5674:
5594:
5524:
5314:
4945:
4933:
4799:
4792:
4710:
4620:
4446:
4441:
4388:
3661:, with inscription "Benedictus XVI Pont(ifex) Max(imus) Anno Domini MMV Pont(ificatus) I.", i.e., "
3213:
3056:
2734:
2439:
1825:
632:
434:
20291:
11180:
11176:
11168:
11164:
11160:
11156:
11148:
11144:
11136:
11132:
11128:
11124:
11116:
8772:
5978:
This status as a secular and civil ruler was vividly displayed by Pope Leo I's confrontation with
3361:, who vacated the Holy See on 28 February 2013, was the most recent to do so, and the first since
2512:
The blessed apostles , then, having founded and built up the Church , committed into the hands of
2462:
210 – 258 AD), in his letters, recognized the bishop of Rome as the successor of St. Peter in his
609:
23273:
23016:
22912:
22777:
22697:
22667:
22382:
22342:
22242:
22060:
21945:
21810:
21684:
21449:
21080:
20749:
20706:
20313:
20213:
19641:
19630:
19326:
19115:
19064:
18854:
18815:
18788:
18748:
18535:
18450:
18393:
18252:
17884:
17845:
17812:
17258:
17238:
17106:
16984:
16934:
16713:
16514:
16454:
16190:
15798:
15564:
15449:
13659:
12742:
12628:
11172:
11140:
11120:
9954:
6866:
6571:
6561:
6539:
6535:
6378:
6313:
but even saints had called the bishop of Rome the "Antichrist" when they wished to castigate his
6214:
6159:
5991:
5710:
5654:
5519:
5479:
5414:
5369:
5124:
5107:
5047:
4676:
4627:
4537:
4407:
4358:
3182:
3087:
2854:
2193:
2118:
1839:
1777:
of 13 October 2007, theologians chosen by the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox Churches stated:
1607:
1010:
637:
154:
18554:
11357:
9711:
7974:
7968:
7774:
7768:
3060:
in 1996, a simple majority after a deadlock of twelve days was allowed, but this was revoked by
474:
22362:
22357:
22067:
22012:
21656:
21342:
21320:
21092:
20911:
20906:
20729:
20720:
20559:
20533:
19947:
19480:
19310:
19203:
18673:
18321:
18262:
18257:
17891:
17697:
17618:
17543:
17423:
17101:
16989:
16929:
16606:
16494:
16249:
15712:
15686:
15312:
12368:
11078:
9340:
8561:
8421:
6812:
6567:
6550:). This is different from the words used for the head of the Catholic Church (Bulgarian "папа"
6512:
6349:
6321:
6310:
6087:
5786:
5689:
5484:
5278:
4597:
4570:
4504:
3969:
Pope Francis signs some documents with his name alone, either in Latin ("Franciscus", as in an
3694:
3592:
3354:
3000:
2770:
2427:
2300:
2288:
2265:
2249:
2141:
1994:
1774:
1582:
1312:
1260:
1000:
711:
429:
12782:
11460:
11305:
10844:
10775:
10643:
10033:
8701:
8119:
8005:
7999:
7805:
7799:
3255:
of the Netherlands, elected in 1522. John Paul II was followed by election of the German-born
3181:, which started with a procession with great pomp and circumstance from the Sistine Chapel to
2168:
to assist the Byzantine Empire to regain the old Christian territories, especially Jerusalem.
1729:'monarchical' bishop in Rome before the middle of the 2nd century ... and likely later."
23101:
22986:
22637:
22567:
22488:
22437:
22432:
22407:
22262:
22227:
21366:
20901:
20819:
20678:
20387:
20358:
20023:
19800:
19553:
19265:
19230:
19136:
18997:
18936:
18849:
18825:
18781:
18776:
18658:
18565:
18478:
18444:
18026:
17853:
17278:
17059:
16924:
16770:
16476:
16414:
16373:
16358:
16156:
16077:
15900:
15739:
15734:
15623:
15088:
13519:
Chronicle of the Popes: The Reign-by-Reign Record of the Papacy from St. Peter to the Present
13289:
12889:
12037:
11466:
11256:
10573:
10393:
8631:
8592:
8236:
7321:
6995:
6896:
6390:
6077:
6059:
5830:
5619:
5489:
5474:
5459:
5419:
5359:
5283:
5273:
5256:
4804:
4745:
4695:
4670:
4658:
4520:
4458:
4339:
4078:
3992:
3880:
3860:
3749:
3486:
3313:
3159:
2357:
1870:
1745:
1556:
846:
178:
48:
20715:
12963:
12540:
11778:
10938:
7315:
6820:
of the time was the true commencement of his pontificate, his name is not registered in the
6586:, a Vietnamese faith that duplicates the Catholic hierarchy, is similarly headed by a pope.
782:
23096:
22936:
22467:
22412:
22372:
22332:
22327:
22322:
22307:
22302:
22292:
22287:
22267:
22247:
22237:
22232:
22222:
21758:
21708:
21688:
21601:
21564:
21430:
21315:
21075:
20856:
20846:
20814:
20381:
20270:
19906:
19765:
19380:
19235:
19223:
18871:
18864:
18653:
18543:
18503:
18498:
17430:
17399:
17296:
17177:
17091:
16971:
16874:
16591:
16586:
16509:
16459:
16390:
16368:
16116:
16050:
15847:
15830:
15765:
15339:
12756:
12013:
11381:
10058:
8208:
7700:"Catechism of the Catholic Church – Christ's Faithful – Hierarchy, Laity, Consecrated Life"
6733:(25 October – 10 November 1241): reigned for 17 calendar days, died before coronation.
6438:
6258:
5629:
5564:
5529:
5334:
5261:
5239:
5187:
4811:
4180:
4114:
3545:
3529:
3300:
3155:
3051:
2781:
2327:
2280:
2201:
2189:
1886:
1878:
1528:
1206:
1083:
958:
943:
716:
696:
657:
479:
417:
22166:
19086:
10908:
10567:
8274:
4081:(shield) (one silver key and one gold key, tied with a red cord), and above them a silver
2056:. John mutilated the Imperial representatives in Rome and had himself reinstated as pope.
1658:
noting that the episcopal see in Rome can be traced back no earlier than the 3rd century.
8:
23222:
23058:
22792:
22602:
22493:
22462:
22427:
22417:
22402:
22347:
22312:
22297:
22282:
22272:
22252:
22155:
21285:
20896:
20591:
20564:
20172:
20003:
19442:
19317:
19179:
18931:
18733:
18703:
18219:
18121:
17914:
17898:
17418:
17328:
16779:
16723:
16671:
16572:
16534:
16237:
15722:
15707:
15661:
15480:
14953:
14336:
13618:
13537:
11560:
10471:
9929:
6519:
continues to be called "pope", the former being called "Coptic pope" or, more properly, "
6265:, or to claims of papal infallibility. Several of these churches refer to such claims as
6246:
6139:
6082:
6051:
5727:
5554:
4972:
4967:
4780:
4496:
4209:
3918:
3690:
3494:
3465:
3140:
2828:
2595:
2567:
2384:
2365:
2338:
2292:
2161:
2109:
This conflict between popes and secular autocratic rulers such as the Holy Roman Emperor
1874:
1835:
1805:
1679:
1516:
1497:
1394:
1383:
1333:
1158:
1005:
900:
706:
578:
494:
469:
128:
37:
19208:
13397:
12900:
12677:
12485:
10408:
9382:
9205:
8230:
7922:[...> accept Rome as the location of the martyrdom and the reign of Nero as the time.
4287:
In its Dogmatic Constitution on the Church (1964), the Second Vatican Council declared:
669:
23268:
23183:
23004:
22976:
22961:
22533:
22452:
22397:
22377:
22367:
22337:
21986:
21477:
21460:
21142:
21052:
21040:
21017:
20881:
20791:
20733:
20603:
20410:
20333:
19812:
19454:
19081:
19009:
18798:
18743:
18560:
18493:
18239:
18056:
16914:
16906:
16649:
16350:
16317:
16151:
16089:
16014:
15820:
15778:
15772:
15232:
15226:
15121:
14973:
14968:
14933:
14802:
14782:
14702:
14601:
14576:
14566:
14466:
14451:
13975:
13703:
13696:
13415:
11866:
11350:
11345:
10882:
10268:
10258:
10243:
10021:
8874:
7488:
7373:
7207:
6881:
6783:
6663:
6250:
6191:
6135:
6097:
5987:
5739:
5499:
5354:
5159:
4845:
4302:
3832:
3828:
3812:
2590:
2414:
2227:
2149:
2130:
2122:
2114:
2052:
had John accused in an ecclesiastical court, which deposed him and elected a layman as
1809:
1501:
1489:
1465:
933:
809:
741:
566:
422:
13193:
12913:
10986:
10493:
9119:
Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume I/Church History of Eusebius/Book III
8742:
6511:
Since the papacy of Heraclas in the 3rd century, the bishop of Alexandria in both the
6393:
hold that the pope is the Antichrist, stating that this article of faith is part of a
3431:
3128:
he has chosen. If the dean himself is elected pope, the vice dean performs this task.
94:
23258:
23133:
23113:
23091:
22931:
22447:
21605:
20338:
20094:
20071:
19688:
19608:
19603:
19543:
19473:
19422:
19370:
18839:
18803:
18614:
18575:
18199:
17435:
16760:
16640:
16407:
16363:
15815:
15760:
15307:
15140:
15073:
15068:
14988:
14983:
14958:
14892:
14867:
14847:
14807:
14757:
14722:
14677:
14642:
14632:
14622:
14606:
14591:
14551:
14536:
14506:
14431:
14411:
14371:
14256:
14110:
14055:
13909:
13545:
13523:
13517:
13502:
13483:
13466:
13459:
13425:
13403:
13393:
13379:
13357:
13338:
13319:
13297:
13275:
13242:
13230:
13211:
13177:
13153:
13129:
13123:
13105:
13083:
13077:
13062:
13035:
13015:
12664:
12521:
12345:
12309:
12214:
12175:
12146:
11569:
11438:
11412:
11361:
11327:
10978:
10850:
10781:
10757:
10649:
10619:
10599:
10368:
10088:
9717:
8901:
8848:
8809:
8680:
8637:
8598:
8492:
8471:
8403:
8334:
8294:
8258:
8191:
8009:
7978:
7809:
7778:
7657:
7632:
7607:
7582:
7557:
7520:
7492:
7480:
7339:
7296:
7241:
7127:
7104:
7021:
6810:
the Roman priest Stephen was elected; but, since four days later he died, before his
6748:
6730:
6633:
6441:
these objections both contributed to and are products of the Protestant Reformation.
6092:
6080:
in 1494, which divided the world into areas of Spanish and Portuguese rule. The bull
6007:
5983:
5858:
5806:, considered the cathedral of the Diocese of Rome, and his official residence is the
5624:
5614:
5464:
5399:
5349:
5199:
4652:
4473:
4418:
4371:
4046:
3959:
3836:
3665:, Pontifex Maximus, in the year of Our Lord 2005, the first year of his pontificate."
3588:
3576:
3463:
The official list of titles of the pope, in the order in which they are given in the
3348:
3288:
3276:
3061:
2490:
2234:
2223:
2126:
2103:
2072:
2027:
1986:
1978:
1433:
1088:
583:
499:
464:
6044:(or the threat thereof) have been used many times to exercise papal power. The bull
2079:. With his long journey, he restored the prestige of the papacy in Northern Europe.
1168:
23048:
23037:
22951:
22130:
21422:
21174:
20963:
20939:
20891:
20806:
20549:
19795:
19566:
19299:
19157:
18992:
18886:
18648:
18638:
18624:
18601:
18582:
18436:
18061:
17835:
17797:
17755:
17683:
17678:
17645:
17452:
17385:
17348:
17343:
17323:
17318:
17243:
17096:
17086:
17046:
16577:
16395:
16378:
16072:
15955:
15810:
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15063:
15038:
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13879:
13864:
13859:
13794:
13779:
13754:
13744:
13313:
13205:
13147:
12573:"Court of Appeal sets aside stay of proceedings in Vatican London property dispute"
11846:
10386:
9032:
8941:
7472:
7359:
7336:
História das Religiões. Crenças e práticas religiosas do século XII aos nossos dias
7236:. Introduction (One of the most enduring and influential of all human institutions,
6960:
6952:
6776:
6736:
6724:
6718:
6669:
6492:
6389:
This sweeping rejection is held by, among others, some denominations of Lutherans:
5970:
5918:
5843:
5807:
5574:
5559:
5439:
5424:
5404:
5339:
5224:
4273:
4038:
4011:
3893:
3785:). He is also commonly called the supreme pontiff or the sovereign pontiff (Latin:
3763:
3653:
3533:
3490:
3482:
3317:
3187:
3178:
3124:
The dean asks next, "By what name shall you be called?" The new pope announces the
3022:
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2647:
2537:
2529:
2505:
2395:
2346:
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1990:
1429:
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797:
556:
551:
541:
536:
531:
459:
192:
172:
17301:
13571:
Data Base of more than 23,000 documents of the Popes in Latin and modern languages
13371:
10308:
6108:, was regarded as influential in the fall of Communism in Eastern Europe. He also
6090:
and declared that all her subjects were released from allegiance to her. The bull
3524:
The title "pope" was from the early 3rd century an honorific designation used for
489:
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22956:
22752:
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21522:
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14010:
13970:
13960:
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12896:
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12044:
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11898:
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11419:
11271:
11104:
10993:
10101:
10075:(canopied thrones, appearing as "canopied pulpits" in both those translations) –
10065:
10054:
10043:
10008:
9984:
9961:
9911:
9889:
9883:"What Does Cardinal Sodano's Departure as Dean of the College of Cardinals Mean?"
9871:
9834:
9812:
9540:
9521:
9502:
8803:
8428:
8281:
8215:
8048:
7463:
Agnew, John (12 February 2010). "Deus Vult: The Geopolitics of Catholic Church".
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6833:
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6754:
6402:
6318:
6182:
In April 2010, there was press coverage in Britain concerning a proposed plan by
6041:
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2010:
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1402:
1347:
978:
679:
526:
444:
238:
218:
21377:
9514:
9086:
8965:
6794:, causing difficulties in enumerating later popes named Stephen. The Holy See's
3170:("I announce to you a great joy! We have a pope!"). He announces the new pope's
2906:
According to book of Matthew Peter also gets keys and power to bind and loose.
819:
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12932:
12207:"Pope Francis and the Vatican played key roles in US-Cuba thaw, leaders reveal"
12025:
11874:
11858:
11850:
11250:
9420:
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6891:
6786:(23–26 March 752) died of stroke three days after his election, and before his
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6702:
6454:
6325:
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in 452. The first expansion of papal rule outside of Rome came in 728 with the
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1153:
1148:
888:
861:
726:
721:
546:
412:
407:
270:
20724:
12461:
12277:"The International Criminal Court, Bashir, and the Immunity of Heads of State"
11658:"Umbraculum – Definition and synonyms of umbraculum in the English dictionary"
11657:
9175:
8041:
7476:
7066:
6562:
In new religious movements and other Christian-related new religious movements
6381:. This woodcut of the traditional practice of kissing the pope's foot is from
3952:
3693:
in pagan Rome. The Latin word was translated into ancient Greek variously: as
1740:
church, which is still honoured as the "Mother Church" in Orthodox tradition.
23232:
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2006:
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395:
295:
44:
13429:
13301:
13234:
12081:"The Enduring Power of the Papacy: Pope Francis and International Relations"
10711:
10681:
10192:
9024:
8933:
7829:
5986:, which in turn was substantially increased in 754, when the Frankish ruler
3271:
2148:, and represented a threat to Christianity. In 1095, the Byzantine emperor,
1997:, and the inability of the emperor to protect the papal estates against the
1690:, although some scholars argue that he may have been martyred in Palestine.
1457:
23128:
21468:
21426:
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21408:
21247:
21219:
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15584:
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15023:
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14787:
14737:
14421:
14366:
14361:
14316:
14306:
14205:
14180:
14150:
14085:
14005:
13930:
13844:
13809:
13804:
13799:
13759:
13335:
The Book of the Popes (Liber Pontificalis): To the Pontificate of Gregory I
12644:
12542:"Vatican's £124m property case to be heard in UK in 'trial of the century'"
12525:
11987:
11862:
11834:
11830:
11352:
World Dictionary of Foreign Expressions: A Resource for Readers and Writers
9533:
9036:
8945:
7029:
6987:
6807:
6787:
6645:
6627:
6603:
6055:
6046:
6026:
5995:
5974:
5928:
5908:
5898:
5494:
5434:
5164:
4909:
4581:
4431:
4377:
4348:
4330:
4058:
3942:
3905:
3889:
3767:
3662:
3658:
3634:
3458:
3403:
3358:
3260:
3256:
3203:
3066:
3006:
2602:, while the other two lists switch the positions of Clement and Anacletus.
2541:
2399:
2257:
2014:
1834:
in 313 granted freedom to all religions in the Roman Empire, beginning the
1577:
1567:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1188:
1143:
1043:
851:
765:
760:
748:
439:
308:
142:
123:
99:
33:
22881:
13309:
11459:
9294:
idiom to have said, "Thou art Peter, and upon thee I will build my church.
7403:
6487:"Black Pope" is a name that was popularly, but unofficially, given to the
4394:
Fundamental Statute for the Secular Government of the States of the Church
4315:
3839:, reportedly as a lesson in humility for the patriarch of Constantinople,
3564:. It is commonly used in the slightly abbreviated form "vicar of Christ" (
3390:
336:
23118:
21305:
21279:
21272:
21265:
21252:
21237:
21232:
20951:
20934:
20886:
20571:
19790:
19679:
19530:
19044:
18987:
18277:
18133:
18006:
17986:
17981:
17976:
17961:
17263:
17198:
17054:
16979:
16957:
16805:
16567:
16529:
16180:
16067:
15987:
15922:
15905:
15865:
15671:
15033:
14913:
14908:
14862:
14486:
14351:
14346:
14251:
14190:
14135:
14125:
14120:
13990:
13814:
13764:
13719:
13167:
13143:
13119:
9865:
http://www.indianchristianity.com/html/menachery/html/GeorgeMenachery.htm
9751:"White Smoke, Pope; Black Smoke, Nope: How Conclave Smoke Gets Its Color"
9378:
6764:
6614:
6575:
6333:
6302:
5449:
5219:
5213:
4926:
4297:
4268:
4125:
3753:
3726:
3584:
3362:
3309:
3237:
3201:(papal tiara) and he gave for the first time as pope the famous blessing
3197:
3125:
3103:
3092:
2985:
2862:
2730:
2545:
2476:
2371:
2283:, at the high-point of Concilliarism, decided among the papal claimants.
2261:
2208:
2083:
2076:
2018:
1971:
1643:
1522:
1485:
1398:
1178:
1163:
1103:
604:
368:
208:
18342:
12826:
10519:
9852:
Inside The Vatican: The Politics and Organization of the Catholic Church
8940:, Catholic University of America Press, pp. 265–268, 1 April 2010,
7314:
4169:
4053:
3815:. The popes began to use this title regularly only in the 15th century.
3633:
as vicar of Peter in the oath of fealty that he took in 722. In today's
3046:" (so called because the cardinal electors are theoretically locked in,
2352:
Gradually forced to give up secular power to the increasingly assertive
1642:
the Church, that was held by the apostles, as a group or "college" with
109:
22866:
1. Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on geographical definition.
21126:
21007:
20554:
19752:
17971:
17966:
17790:
17717:
17333:
17253:
16884:
15950:
15825:
15729:
15717:
15691:
15589:
15147:
14822:
14341:
14326:
14140:
14115:
13950:
13854:
13774:
13724:
13666:
11854:
11717:
10336:"Benedict, the placeholder pope who leaves a battered, weakened church"
7071:
6906:
6886:
6675:
6345:
6340:
6222:
6172:
6113:
5999:
5819:
4897:
4292:
4102:
3999:
3970:
3848:
3771:
3722:
3714:
3596:
3580:
3572:
3446:
3192:
3011:
2792:
2674:
2632:
2553:
2513:
2403:
2331:
2238:
2098:
in 1073, who adopted a series of measures in the movement known as the
2033:
1741:
1639:
1603:
1477:
1437:
1228:
1128:
1123:
1073:
1058:
1053:
772:
689:
516:
504:
12888:
on the temporal power of the pope over governments and Innocent III's
10566:
10263:
10261:
8594:
When Time Shall be No More: Prophecy Belief in Modern American Culture
6802:
and antipopes, attaches a footnote to its mention of Pope Stephen II:
6546:, it is not unusual for a village priest to be called a "pope" ("поп"
3847:". It became reserved for the pope in the 12th century and is used in
22941:
22662:
21891:
21498:
21154:
20460:
20275:
19923:
19822:
19019:
18076:
18071:
18041:
17737:
17500:
17484:
17469:
17313:
17203:
17081:
17071:
16939:
16718:
16099:
15934:
15875:
15744:
13884:
9653:
8676:
7951:
7338:. Grandes Livros da Religião. Editora Folio. 2008. pp. 89, 156–157.
7100:
6991:
6916:
6687:
6329:
6187:
6037:
6030:
5847:
5019:
4030:
3935:
3870:
3866:
3808:
3252:
3073:
2242:
2134:
1906:
1894:
1863:
1737:
1719:
1593:
1493:
1436:
headquartered in the distinctively independent Vatican City State, a
1363:
1240:
1183:
1133:
1113:
988:
824:
787:
777:
731:
701:
674:
614:
12400:"Vatican Can Be Sued For Priest Sexual Abuse: U.S. Court of Appeals"
10754:
Autoridade da Verdade – Momentos Obscuros do Magistério Eclesiástico
10057:(p. 83), and appearing as "thrones ascended by flights of steps" in
10024:, speaking of the honours paid to bishops in his time, mentions the
9648:
9626:
9495:
9234:
8229:
7285:
Autoridade da Verdade – Momentos Obscuros do Magistério Eclesiástico
7274:
Wetterau, Bruce. World history. New York: Henry Holt & Co. 1994.
6355:
4260:
2176:
1897:
tribes were converted to Arian Christianity or Nicene Christianity;
1638:
The Catholic Church teaches that the pastoral office, the office of
23178:
21538:
20975:
20929:
20866:
20690:
20674:
20598:
19706:
19496:
19449:
19332:
18398:
18316:
18224:
18051:
17150:
16519:
16244:
16210:
16185:
15890:
15540:
15458:
15389:
15372:
13686:
11902:
11891:
11090:
11061:
10070:
9637:
9615:
8502:
6450:
6370:
6015:
5799:
5734:
4916:
4236:
4141:
4066:
4025:
3332:
3027:
2993:
2738:
2655:
2623:
2599:
2470:, and affirmed his unique authority in the early Christian Church.
2376:
when issuing a definition of faith or morals. Later the same year,
2330:
criticized the papacy as corrupt and characterized the pope as the
2272:
2024:
The low point of the papacy was 867–1049. This period includes the
1998:
1898:
1843:
1813:
1801:
1767:
1665:
1425:
1255:
1108:
878:
814:
647:
363:
258:
16260:
13100:(1990). "The Early Christian Community". In John McManners (ed.).
12990:"Saint Peter : The First Pope (Successors of Peter - Part 1)"
6779:(26 August – 28 September 1978): reigned for 34 calendar days
6717:(15–27 September 1590): reigned for 13 calendar days, died before
6006:, a major step toward establishing what later became known as the
3823:
Although the description "servant of the servants of God" (Latin:
3177:
Until 1978, the pope's election was followed in a few days by the
2013:
subdued the Lombards and donated Italian land to the papacy. When
1917:
22150:
21895:
21023:
21012:
20851:
18021:
16859:
16733:
16676:
15895:
15855:
13176:. Vol. VI. The Reformation. New York: Simon & Schuster.
12739:"Brief Statement of the Doctrinal Position of the Missouri Synod"
10133:"Sorry, Jorge Mario Bergoglio is not the first non-European pope"
10077:
oogle.com/books?id=_Ms7AAAAcAAJ Letter 203 in the old arrangement
9256:
9245:
8934:"Cyprian and Other Bishops at the Council of Carthage to Stephen"
6583:
6411:
A Brief Statement of the Doctrinal Position of the Missouri Synod
6183:
6151:
6067:
6063:
5958:
4383:
4306:
4149:
4145:
4113:
most frequently associated with the pope is the yellow and white
4070:
4016:
3804:
3741:
3670:
3638:
3514:
3283:
The current regulations regarding a papal interregnum—that is, a
2815:
2804:
2764:
2725:
2575:
that the church in Rome is "the church that presides over love".
2453:
2215:
1955:
1441:
1118:
736:
599:
571:
561:
10560:
10558:
10556:
9146:"Church Fathers: The Prescription Against Heretics (Tertullian)"
7160:"In Biden's visit with the pope, a page from Reagan's playbook?"
6745:(15 January – 4 February 708): reigned for 21 calendar days
2311:
1909:, later abandoned Arianism in favour of the established church.
23145:
21034:
20614:
19911:
18174:
17479:
17464:
17408:
17375:
15653:
12246:"How the Pope Helped Bring the United States and Cuba Together"
11115:
There are 35 instances of the use of this term in the Vulgate:
10596:
Lives of the Popes. The Pontiffs from St. Peter to John Paul II
6496:
6464:
6413:, which a small number of Lutheran church bodies now hold. The
6232:
6105:
5979:
4885:
4094:
4090:
3218:
3217:("Thus passes worldly glory"). A similar warning against papal
2866:
2068:
2064:
2049:
1902:
1599:
995:
963:
923:
792:
684:
454:
449:
21872:
Assyrian Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon
13207:
The Limits of the Papacy: Authority and Autonomy in the Church
12964:"The Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and All Africa"
10564:
9691:
8380:
8378:
8376:
6297:
included this passage in a larger statement on papal primacy:
6206:
2668:
Eusebius of Caesarea, Church History, Book III, Chapter 4:9-10
2171:
21880:
Ancient Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon
18272:
17440:
17404:
15885:
15860:
15530:
15466:
12423:"Vatican offers 3 reasons it's not liable in U.S. abuse case"
11801:"Vatican newspaper examines history of red, white papal garb"
11508:"Why is Pope Francis embracing the patriarchy (of the West)?"
11422:
Livius.org article by Jona Lendering retrieved 15 August 2006
10773:
10553:
6599:
5839:
5209:
4098:
4029:(fans made of white ostrich feathers), and sometimes a large
3328:
3229:
3135:, a dressing room where three sets of white papal vestments (
2989:
2524:
was allotted the bishopric. To this Clement there succeeded
2361:
2237:
built up by the saints and by Christ, so that he could grant
1967:
1963:
1959:
1855:
1797:
1585:
1532:
1078:
948:
928:
883:
664:
21433:
legacy and branched where multiple denominational claimants:
20304:
Palace of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples
18534:
9552:
8402:. pp. 101, 130, 149, 151, 159. Volume one. Gilberto Cotrim.
8351:
8349:
8347:
7893:
6757:(17 July – 9 August 1048): reigned for 24 calendar days
6698:
6142:", which is, strictly speaking, the immunity enjoyed by the
3807:(375–383) relinquished it. Tertullian, when he had become a
3038:
Since 1878, the election of the pope has taken place in the
2992:
in 1513, and the last to be elected when not a cardinal was
1736:, known as "the brother of the Lord", served as head of the
22196:
20186:
19465:
17445:
15880:
15462:
15439:
12827:"Doctrinal Position – The Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod"
12565:
11249:
10975:Études de Philologie, d'Archéologie et d'Histoire Anciennes
10642:
Beal, John P.; Coriden, James A.; Green, Thomas J. (2002).
10367:, published annually by Libreria Editrice Vaticana, p. 23.
10029:
8773:"What the Early Church Believed: The Authority of the Pope"
8373:
6470:
6285:
In 1973, the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops'
4110:
3208:
3106:
are also rung as a signal that a new pope has been chosen.
2988:
in 1831, the last to be elected when not even a priest was
2853:
According to the Catholic Church, the pope is also the new
1687:
1619:
1445:
1326:
973:
13014:
Annuario Pontificio 2012 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2012
8805:
The First Thousand Years: A Global History of Christianity
6499:
the popes dress in white) and the cardinal prefect of the
6362:, by Lucas Cranach. This woodcut of John 13:14–17 is from
5947:
3528:
bishop in the West. In the East, it was used only for the
2892:, Eliakim receives the keys and power to close and open.
2180:
A historical map of the Mediterranean states in 1400. The
21722:
19091:
15324:
11558:
Examples are "Francesco" in the frontispiece of the 2013
10971:
Le collège pontifical: 3ème s. a. C. – 4ème s. p. C.
9806:"Vatican: Bells Will Also Announce Election of New Pope".
9713:
The Ecumenical Councils of the Catholic Church: A History
9206:"What the Early Church Believed: Peter's Roman Residency"
8597:. Harvard University Press. p. 61; cf. pp. 62, 274.
8519:
8517:
8361:
8344:
6773:(22 May – 23 June 964): reigned for 33 calendar days
6751:(9 April – 1 May 1555): reigned for 23 calendar days
6666:(1159–1181): 21 years, 11 months and 24 days (8,029 days)
6630:(1846–1878): 31 years, 7 months and 23 days (11,560 days)
4705:
4023:) in red uniforms, accompanied by two attendants bearing
3766:" (a book containing rites reserved for bishops, such as
3560:) is one of the official titles of the pope given in the
3121:
he receives a sufficient number of votes to become pope.
2700:
Tertullian, The Prescription Against Heretics, Chapter 32
2306:
2233:
The pope was understood to have the power to draw on the
983:
20421:
House of Retreat for the Clergy of Saints John and Paul
12890:
Letter to the prefect Acerbius and the nobles of Tuscany
8966:"Church Fathers: Against Heresies, III.3 (St. Irenaeus)"
6648:(1775–1799): 24 years, 6 months and 15 days (8,962 days)
6636:(1978–2005): 26 years, 5 months and 18 days (9,665 days)
6624:–64/68): c. 34 – c. 38 years (Around 12,000–14,000 days)
6029:, an ambitious if spectacularly corrupt politician, and
3912:" (Most Blessed Father) is often used in preference to "
3637:, the description "vicar of Peter" is found also in the
3312:
and John Paul II. The cardinal camerlengo retrieves the
2383:
from the pope's control and substantially completed the
1819:
15388:
13578:– website for the past and present Holy Fathers (since
12785:. Church of the Lutheran Confession. 10 December 2011.
12454:"Richard Dawkins calls for arrest of Pope Benedict XVI"
8529:
6660:(1800–1823): 23 years, 5 months and 7 days (8,560 days)
6654:(772–795): 23 years, 10 months and 25 days (8,729 days)
6425:, and the Illinois Lutheran Conference all hold to the
3221:
made on this occasion was the traditional exclamation,
2865:, managed the palace staff, and handled state affairs.
2785:) and the bishop of Rome has succeeded to Saint Peter.
2520:; and after him, in the third place from the apostles,
2214:
From 1309 to 1377, the pope resided not in Rome but in
1362:. From the eighth century until 1870, the pope was the
21909:
Catholicos of All Armenians (Patriarch of Etchmiadzin)
12741:. Lutheran Churches of the Reformation. Archived from
11688:"Vatican: The Possible Return of the Sedia Gestatoria"
11457:
9057:"Church Fathers: Epistle to the Romans (St. Ignatius)"
8998:
Ante-Nicene Fathers Vol. I, Against Heresies: Book III
8514:
7234:
Keepers of the keys of heaven: a history of the papacy
6678:(440–461): 21 years, 1 month, and 13 days (7,713 days)
6642:(1878–1903): 25 years, 5 months and 1 day (9,281 days)
6261:. These churches see no foundation to papal claims of
3811:, used the title derisively of either the pope or the
2356:, the popes focused on spiritual issues. In 1870, the
2133:
began reforms that would lead to the establishment of
1748:, and according to tradition Paul was martyred there.
23194:
13059:
One Faith, One Lord: A Study of Basic Catholic Belief
11718:"Vatican City (Holy See) – The Keys and Coat of Arms"
11326:
Annuario Pontificio 2008 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana
10384:
8938:
Letters (1–81) (The Fathers of the Church, Volume 51)
8227:
6672:(314–335): 21 years, 11 months and 1 day (8,005 days)
6307:
tradition that reached back into the eleventh century
2719:
Tertullian, Prescription against Heretics, Chapter 32
2658:
was sent to Gaul; but Linus, whom he mentions in the
2654:
As to the rest of his followers, Paul testifies that
2406:, guaranteeing papal independence from secular rule.
2252:, who sometimes attempted to assert the authority of
22869:
2. Recognised by at least one United Nations member.
20314:
Palace of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches
13332:
12085:
Berkley Center for Religion, Peace and World Affairs
11343:
10849:. Huntington, Ind: Our Sunday Visitor. p. 991.
10592:
Os Papas. Os Pontífices de São Pedro a João Paulo II
9905:"Papal Transition: Traditional Path Sharply Defined"
6767:(1–27 April 1605): both reigned for 27 calendar days
5150:
Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See
3835:, it was first used extensively as a papal title by
3445:
Popes adopt a new name on their accession, known as
2561:
Irenaeus of Lyons, Against Heresies III, Chapter 3.2
21338:
Conference of the Latin Bishops of the Arab Regions
20489:
20371:
18794:
Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici
13351:
13337:. Merchantville, New Jersey: Evolution Publishing.
12532:
10076:
6405:. In 1932, one of these Confessional churches, the
5545:
Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici
5155:
Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See
3827:) was also used by other Church leaders, including
3591:, as can be observed already in his 1199 letter to
3517:
signed as "Paulus PP. VI", the "PP." standing for "
2709:was ordained by Saint Peter as the bishop of Rome.
2532:followed Evaristus; then, sixth from the apostles,
2423:since papal infallibility was explicitly declared.
2368:for the most solemn occasions when the pope speaks
1977:Gregory's successors were largely dominated by the
13458:
13192:
13190:
12811:. The Illinois Lutheran Conference. Archived from
12484:
11349:
11241:
10637:
10635:
9673:"Popes and conclaves: everything you need to know"
8257:(10 edição). Editora Paulinas. pp. 296, 696, 736.
7962:
7960:
7762:
7760:
7136:. Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana. 1993.
6287:Committee on Ecumenical and Interreligious Affairs
6150:"the Vatican", "Vatican City", and even "Rome" as
3729:) The head of the college was known as the Latin:
2949:
2275:challenged papal authority, especially during the
2144:had succeeded in controlling much of the southern
2009:. He appealed to the Franks to protect his lands.
21407:
15634:Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province
11564:published in Italian shortly after his election (
11004:
11002:
10846:Church & State: A Novel of Politics and Power
10397:. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
10036:Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Christian Antiquities
7306:
6572:disassociated themselves from the Catholic Church
5510:Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City
5294:Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City
4073:(i.e., crossed over one another so as to form an
3818:
3757:
2617:
2504:. The list covers the period from Saint Peter to
1706:
23230:
22872:3. Not recognised by any United Nations members.
13633:
13227:History of Rome and the Popes in the Middle Ages
12369:"The autonomy of bishops, and suing the Vatican"
12342:"U.S. Says Pope Immune From Molestation Lawsuit"
11769:Bagliani, Agostino Paravicini (21 August 2013).
10716:Catholic Encyclopedia: The Fathers of the Church
10686:Catholic Encyclopedia: The Fathers of the Church
10641:
9546:
9467:Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary on the Bible
8120:"Saint Paul the Apostle | Biography & Facts"
7834:Catholic Encyclopedia: The Fathers of the Church
7576:
7270:
7268:
7266:
7264:
7262:
7260:
7258:
7256:
7254:
6570:within Christianity, especially those that have
6301:In calling the pope the "Antichrist", the early
5994:to gain this land, which formed the core of the
3774:), and "pontificals" (the insignia of bishops).
10814:"Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution
10632:
10520:"pope | Definition, Title, & List of Popes"
8417:
8415:
7957:
7757:
6525:Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and All Africa
5042:Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia)
4603:Corps of Firefighters of the Vatican City State
4271:, is carried through St. Peter's Basilica on a
4218:1881 illustration depicting papal infallibility
3916:" (Most Holy Father). In the medieval period, "
3353:It is highly unusual for a pope to resign. The
3236:("while the see is vacant"), refers to a papal
2935:In Matthew 16:18 Peter was compared to a rock.
23163:Libellus de imperatoria potestate in urbe Roma
13566:Pope Endurance League – Sortable list of Popes
13515:
13102:The Oxford Illustrated History of Christianity
11947:Denzinger 3073–3075 (old numbering, 1839–1840)
10999:
8315:Corso di Storia, per le scuole medie superiori
6986:The papacy was an influence in regulating the
6501:Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples
5818:, situated on the site of the ancient city of
4033:, carried by eight attendants. The use of the
3327:for several days before being interred in the
2765:Saint Peter and the origin of the papal office
22897:
22182:
21393:
20630:
20472:Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide
19481:
18358:
16276:
15340:
13619:
12344:. Fox News. 20 September 2005. Archived from
12274:
12145:. New York: Penguin Books. pp. 584–595.
11033:Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (eds.).
10333:
9031:, 1517 Media, pp. 163–192, 18 May 2016,
8841:Cartago), Cipriano (Santo, Obispo de (1984).
8730:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
8549:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
7904:. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. p. 5.
7869:"Letter of Ignatius of Antioch to the Romans"
7724:(Lumen Gentium, Pope Paul VI 1964, Chapter 3)
7356:"The Role of the Vatican in the Modern World"
7312:
7251:
6828:Published every year by the Roman Curia, the
5793:
5759:
3803:and thereafter, by the Roman emperors, until
3259:, who was in turn followed by Argentine-born
2861:of the Bible who directed the affairs of the
2646:As recorded by Eusebius, Clement worked with
1633:
1280:
21421:Traditional ecclesiastical jurisdictions of
13241:
11247:
10682:"Prescription against Heretics (Chapter 28)"
10586:
10584:
10439:
9697:
9659:
8879:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
8412:
7626:
7510:
7508:
7506:
7504:
7502:
7122:
7120:
6739:(December 897): reigned for 20 calendar days
6606:, the pope with the longest verifiable reign
6429:, which the LCMS places on its website. The
6233:Orthodox, Anglican and Old Catholic churches
5052:Undersecretaries for Relations with States:
4638:Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
2737:(today's Algeria) and a contemporary of the
2211:, popes struggled with monarchs over power.
181:(Current and preferred residence of Francis)
43:For a chronological list of incumbents, see
22911:
22099:Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarchate of Ethiopia
19900:Permanent Observer to the Council of Europe
13392:
13075:
11430:
11428:
9927:
9587:"Where Is the Papacy in the Old Testament?"
9087:"Church Fathers: Letter 53 (St. Augustine)"
8668:
8551:. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005.
8508:
8249:
8247:
7970:The Catholic church: its origins and nature
7966:
7937:(in German), 1901, pp. 1 sqq., 161 sqq
7852:
7770:The Catholic church: its origins and nature
7766:
7456:
6973:
6958:
6950:
6274:
6201:
6126:List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See
5064:List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See
4756:List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See
4321:
3481:, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles,
3185:, with the newly elected pope borne in the
2433:
2418:
2369:
2226:, alienating France's enemies, such as the
2172:East–West Schism to Reformation (1054–1517)
2058:Conflict between the Emperor and the papacy
2025:
1989:. These humiliations, the weakening of the
1650:
1623:
1520:
1405:was conferred by Jesus, who gave Peter the
65:
22904:
22890:
22189:
22175:
21738:Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria
21717:Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
21400:
21386:
20637:
20623:
19488:
19474:
18365:
18351:
18205:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
16283:
16269:
15347:
15333:
13626:
13612:
13477:
13125:Saints and Sinners, a History of the Popes
12603:"Differing Attitudes Toward Papal Primacy"
12168:"Chile, Argentina Sign Protocol on Beagle"
10470:. Ndl.go.jp. 4 August 2005. Archived from
8541:
8325:
8323:
6763:(22 September – 18 October 1503) and
6693:
6506:
5766:
5752:
5680:Restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes
4291:Among the principal duties of bishops the
3875:From 1863 to 2005, and again in 2024, the
3681:, which literally means "bridge builder" (
3452:
2612:Augustine of Hippo, Letter 53, Paragraph 2
2417:as dogma, the only time a pope has spoken
1885:, the capital, wielded much power, in the
1287:
1273:
93:
22113:Eritrean Orthodox Patriarchate of Eritrea
21864:Chaldean Catholic Patriarchate of Baghdad
21705:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
21575:Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
18821:Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri
18372:
13203:
12937:
12406:. McKiggan Hebert Lawyers. Archived from
12275:Dworkin, Anthony; Iliopoulos, Katherine.
12112:"The pope flashes his political passions"
11628:"Dictionary : Ring of the Fisherman"
11435:Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
11304:. Oxford University Press. Archived from
11039:. Oxford University Press. Archived from
11019:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities
10616:Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
10581:
9895:27 December 2019. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
9854:, Harvard University Press (1996), p. 99.
9841:15 February 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
8808:. Yale University Press. pp. 47–48.
8732:. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005
8083:Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
7997:
7797:
7604:The Eucharistic Prayers of the Roman Rite
7517:Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
7499:
7117:
7092:
6727:(April 896): reigned for 16 calendar days
6594:
6589:
6482:
6119:
5829:" are ecclesiastical terminology for the
4454:History of the Catholic Church since 1962
4255:
3174:along with his newly chosen regnal name.
2759:Optatus, The Schism of the Donatists, 2:2
2279:(1378–1417). It came to a close when the
1718:Sources suggest that at first, the terms
21769:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem
21665:Melkite Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch
20229:Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
15575:Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
13494:
13370:
13296:. London: Marshall, Morgan & Scott.
13096:
13079:A Concise History of the Catholic Church
12420:
12397:
12243:
12165:
11768:
11425:
11390:. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2013.
11356:. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers. p.
11032:
11026:
10947:. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2013.
10780:. New York: Paulist Press. p. 264.
10777:The Practical Prophet: Pastoral Writings
10774:Untener, Ken; Picken, Elizabeth (2007).
10417:. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2013.
10242:. Time.com. 3 April 2005. Archived from
9968:24 January 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
9818:30 October 2009. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
8840:
8395:
8393:
8309:
8307:
8244:
6697:
6598:
6489:superior general of the Society of Jesus
6369:
6354:
6205:
5957:
5777:
5600:Saints Martin and Sebastian of the Swiss
4259:
4213:
4199:
4052:
3922:" ("the Apostolic Lord") was also used.
3854:
3652:
3551:
3270:
3072:
3021:
2964:
2871:
2639:as the third bishop of Rome in his book
2310:
2175:
2140:Since the beginning of the 7th century,
1916:
1519:for rare occasions when the pope speaks
1393:is largely derived from his role as the
36:. For the pontiffs of ancient Rome, see
22197:Heads of state and government of Europe
21938:Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople
21657:Syriac Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch
21624:Syriac Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch
21590:Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople
15619:Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church
15614:Successor of the Prince of the Apostles
13536:
13456:
13229:. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner.
12645:Ian Paisley, The Pope is the Antichrist
12482:
12305:Immunity and International Criminal Law
12301:
12143:Postwar: a history of Europe since 1945
11886:The texts of these canons are given in
10712:"On the Veiling of Virgins (Chapter 1)"
10645:New Commentary on the Code of Canon Law
10565:Fanning, William Henry Windsor (1913).
10079:, 23 in the chronological rearrangement
9991:. 5 April 2005. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
9918:. 2 April 2005. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
9783:. Holy See Press Office. Archived from
8728:"Counter-Reformation". Cross, FL, ed.,
8699:
8629:
8320:
6383:Passionary of the Christ and Antichrist
6364:Passionary of the Christ and Antichrist
6219:Passionary of the Christ and Antichrist
5455:Papal tombs in Old St. Peter's Basilica
4155:
3980:
3851:and similar important papal documents.
3689:) and which designated a member of the
3583:used "vicar of Christ" to refer to the
14:
23239:30s establishments in the Roman Empire
23231:
21642:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch
16664:
13424:. New York: Fordham University Press.
13376:A Short History of the Catholic Church
13352:Noble, Thomas; Strauss, Barry (2005).
13224:
13166:
13142:
12515:
12509:
12204:
12078:
11724:from the original on 23 September 2010
11698:from the original on 22 September 2020
11578:a letter in Italian dated 1 April 2014
11022:. London: J. Murray. pp. 939–942.
9978:"The Process of Electing the New Pope"
9748:
8893:
8844:The Letters of St. Cyprian of Carthage
8801:
8633:Printing, Propaganda and Martin Luther
8535:
8523:
8384:
8367:
8355:
7651:
7577:Greer, Thomas H.; Gavin Lewis (2004).
7551:
6857:Index of Vatican City-related articles
6289:and the USA National Committee of the
6237:Other traditional Christian churches (
5505:Papal Concert to Commemorate the Shoah
5289:Papal Concert to Commemorate the Shoah
4995:Prefecture of the Pontifical Household
4576:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
2584:Ignatius of Antioch, Epistle to Romans
2307:Reformation to present (1517 to today)
1751:During the 1st century of the Church (
1626:Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum
1561:
1374:, and since 1929, of the much smaller
22885:
22170:
21381:
20618:
19966:
19469:
18346:
16264:
15328:
13607:
13414:
13269:
13191:Franzen, August; Dolan, John (1969).
13118:
13056:
12859:from the original on 17 November 2016
12678:An Exegesis of 2 Thessalonians 2:1–10
12609:from the original on 18 December 2018
12538:
12497:from the original on 23 February 2015
12451:
12366:
12109:
11968:from the original on 6 September 2014
11811:from the original on 24 December 2014
11750:from the original on 26 February 2020
11278:from the original on 22 November 2010
11008:
10919:from the original on 30 November 2011
10889:from the original on 27 November 2011
10824:from the original on 6 September 2014
10500:from the original on 30 November 2011
10225:. Boston: Walker & Company, 1984.
10173:from the original on 22 November 2019
9709:
9397:from the original on 13 November 2012
9305:
9267:
9186:from the original on 27 February 2023
8706:. Taylor & Francis. p. 301.
8590:
8390:
8304:
7840:from the original on 25 November 2019
7830:"Letter to the Corinthians (Clement)"
7745:from the original on 6 September 2014
7718:
7706:from the original on 6 September 2010
7631:. Government Institutes. p. xv.
7601:
7462:
7444:from the original on 25 December 2018
7414:from the original on 30 December 2012
7384:from the original on 30 December 2012
7046:
6348:from 2 Thessalonians 2:3–12, and the
6058:placed England under interdict until
5550:Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope
5309:Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences
5046:Secretary for Relations with States:
4511:Fundamental Law of Vatican City State
3783:Summus Pontifex Ecclesiae Universalis
3579:. Earlier still, in the 3rd century,
3081:" after the election of Pope Martin V
3042:, in a sequestered meeting called a "
2315:As part of the Catholic Reformation,
1820:Nicaea to East–West Schism (325–1054)
1509:broad secular and political influence
22006:Serbian Orthodox Patriarchate of Peć
21582:Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople
19256:
13436:from the original on 25 January 2022
13315:The Catholic Church: A Short History
13308:
13288:
12833:from the original on 15 January 2013
12763:from the original on 3 December 2015
12640:Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod
12256:from the original on 28 January 2023
12186:from the original on 2 December 2015
12166:Andersen, Martin (19 October 1984).
12140:
12122:from the original on 5 December 2022
12079:Byrnes, Timothy (26 November 2019).
11994:from the original on 15 October 2012
11938:Denzinger 3064 (old numbering, 1831)
11929:Denzinger 3058 (old numbering, 1825)
11920:Denzinger 3055 (old numbering, 1823)
11568:, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2013,
11540:from the original on 15 January 2021
11470:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
11260:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
10842:
10692:from the original on 17 October 2012
10577:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
10388:"Ecclesiastical Abbreviations"
10279:from the original on 15 January 2020
10223:Pope John Paul II: The People's Pope
9863:Menachery George, Vatican Adventure
9419:
9176:"Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Optatus"
9067:from the original on 7 December 2019
8994:
8822:from the original on 5 November 2022
8491:. Cambridge University Press. p. 6.
8468:The Catholic Church Through the Ages
8448:from the original on 4 February 2013
8422:Movimentos de Rennovação e Reforma
8240:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
7861:
7822:
7656:. Liturgical Press. pp. 28–29.
7579:A Brief History of the Western World
7325:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
7277:
7214:from the original on 18 January 2017
7024:: "In Phanar, on 25 July 1976, when
6431:Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod
6415:Lutheran Churches of the Reformation
6116:between the United States and Cuba.
4608:Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City
4231:, and the visible head of the whole
4164:
4015:, a mobile throne carried by twelve
3621:) and "Vicar of the Apostolic See" (
3287:("vacant seat")—were promulgated by
3195:, the new pope was crowned with the
2540:, who was gloriously martyred; then
2121:, was only resolved in 1122, by the
1796:for observing Easter on the 14th of
1547:, with a vast network of charities.
23087:Church and state in medieval Europe
20504:Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi
16290:
15639:Sovereign of the Vatican City State
12789:from the original on 13 August 2020
12583:from the original on 13 August 2022
12398:McKiggan, John (27 November 2008).
12244:Chandler, Adam (17 December 2014).
12061:: Roman Catholic Church, History of
11077:Translated literally into Greek as
10203:from the original on 16 August 2023
9730:from the original on 16 August 2023
9391:Christian Classics Ethereal Library
8914:from the original on 16 August 2023
8897:Discussions in History and Theology
8861:from the original on 16 August 2023
8611:from the original on 19 August 2020
8572:from the original on 19 August 2020
8547:"Conciliar theory". Cross, FL, ed.
8085:, 1997 edition revised 2005, p. 211
7908:from the original on 6 January 2019
6517:Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria
6401:("insofar as") subscription to the
6245:, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the
6130:Under international law, a serving
5878:Sovereign of the Vatican City State
5861:, who served from 2017 until 2024.
5115:Institute for the Works of Religion
5095:The Holy See and the United Nations
3145:camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church
2571:(died c. 108/140 AD) wrote in his "
2484:Cyprian of Carthage, Letter 55, 8.4
2466:(c. 251 AD), which is addressed to
2044:, held orgies of debauchery in the
1504:, and the defence of human rights.
27:Visible head of the Catholic Church
24:
21930:Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem
21776:Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem
20696:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
20509:Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua
20219:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
15560:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
15537:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
13598:The Authority of the Pope: Part II
13501:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
13450:
13057:Barry, Rev. Msgr. John F. (2002).
12996:from the original on 30 April 2023
12676:, 2 Thessalonians chapter two and
12553:from the original on 8 August 2022
12433:from the original on 13 April 2013
12421:Winfield, Nicole (30 March 2010).
12091:from the original on 21 March 2023
11668:from the original on 19 March 2021
11638:from the original on 28 March 2019
11394:from the original on 18 March 2013
10794:from the original on 19 March 2021
10662:from the original on 19 March 2021
10496:. Acronyms.thefreedictionary.com.
10334:Brown, Andrew (11 February 2013).
10130:
9828:"A quick course in 'Conclave 101'"
9761:from the original on 6 August 2020
9597:from the original on 16 March 2023
9567:from the original on 28 March 2013
9563:. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
9377:
9315:Word Pictures of the New Testament
9156:from the original on 17 March 2023
9126:from the original on 29 April 2023
9097:from the original on 28 March 2023
9005:from the original on 22 March 2023
8783:from the original on 29 March 2023
8753:from the original on 29 March 2023
8710:from the original on 19 March 2021
8650:from the original on 19 March 2021
8562:"Fall of Constantinople | Summary"
8333:. Barnes & Noble. pp. 14, 21.
8317:. Milão. Editora Principato. 1986.
8313:Gaeta, Franco; Villani, Pasquale.
8130:from the original on 30 April 2015
7554:Evangelical Dictionary of Theology
7542:, Houghton Mifflin: Boston, p. 236
7434:"The World's Most Powerful People"
7404:"The World's Most Powerful People"
7374:"The World's Most Powerful People"
7293:O papa tem poder temporal absoluto
6902:Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church
6319:papal claim to unlimited authority
6221:. The pope is signing and selling
6066:to the pope, complete with yearly
6002:the Frankish ruler Charlemagne as
5804:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
5665:Collection of Modern Religious Art
4691:List of newspapers in Vatican City
4633:Association of Vatican Lay Workers
4516:Capital punishment in Vatican City
4003:(better known in the Italian form
3648:
1531:'—to issue a formal definition of
627:Administrative and pastoral titles
249:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
25:
23295:
23254:Episcopacy in the Catholic Church
23054:Norman conquest of southern Italy
22773:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
22443:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
21921:Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia
21827:Latin Catholic titular episcopate
21634:Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia
20287:Pontifical North American College
19849:Section for Relations with States
19102:Postage stamps and postal history
13592:The Authority of the Pope: Part I
13559:
13257:from the original on 8 April 2012
13034:(Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2012
12899:. For objection to this, see the
12759:. Concordia Lutheran Conference.
12719:Passional Christi und Antichristi
12322:from the original on 28 July 2020
12279:. Crimesofwar.org. Archived from
12225:from the original on 14 June 2023
12205:Hooper, John (17 December 2014).
12110:Toosi, Nahal (18 February 2016).
11488:from the original on 3 March 2021
11051:– via perseus.uchicago.edu.
10951:from the original on 13 June 2013
10530:from the original on 11 July 2017
10448:from the original on 25 July 2013
10421:from the original on 12 June 2013
10346:from the original on 1 March 2013
10143:from the original on 18 July 2021
10112:from the original on 19 July 2018
10091:, equivalent to a temporal clause
9936:from the original on 25 July 2021
9679:from the original on 15 July 2017
9553:O'Connor, Daniel William (2013).
9457:
9216:from the original on 9 April 2023
8976:from the original on 1 March 2023
8107:Cambridge History of Christianity
8095:Cambridge History of Christianity
7894:O'Connor, Daniel William (2013).
7581:. Cengage Learning. p. 172.
7519:, Oxford University Press, 2005,
7152:
7140:from the original on 3 March 2021
7067:"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Pope"
6872:List of current Christian leaders
6836:and some mid-11th-century popes.
6423:Church of the Lutheran Confession
6317:. What Lutherans understood as a
5864:
5842:narrative of Jews of the ancient
5660:Gallery of Sistine Chapel ceiling
5120:Telephone numbers in Vatican City
5015:Section for Relations with States
4751:Foreign relations of the Holy See
4706:.va (Vatican City internet sites)
4120:
2833:the keys of the kingdom of heaven
2688:The Prescription Against Heretics
2444:
1618:in an Old English translation of
1428:. It is the Holy See that is the
23216:
23204:
23177:
22149:
21730:Latin Patriarchate of Alexandria
21362:
21361:
20644:
20597:
20585:
19981:Extraordinary general assemblies
19448:
19436:
19243:Philatelic and Numismatic Office
18327:
18326:
18315:
18283:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
17831:Criticism of the Catholic Church
16243:
16231:
15306:
15295:
15294:
13465:. Princeton, N.J: Van Nostrand.
13061:. New York: William H. Sadlier.
13025:
13008:
12982:
12970:from the original on 5 July 2013
12956:
12925:
12906:
12871:
12845:
12819:
12801:
12775:
12749:
12731:
12712:
12690:
12657:
12621:
12595:
12539:Hymas, Charles (6 August 2022).
12516:Pentin, Edward (15 April 2010).
12486:"Is the Holy See above the law?"
12476:
12445:
12414:
12391:
12379:from the original on 24 May 2010
12360:
12334:
12295:
12268:
12237:
12198:
12159:
12134:
12103:
12072:
12049:
12030:
12018:
12006:
11980:
11950:
11941:
11932:
11923:
11914:
11880:
11823:
11793:
11762:
11736:
11710:
11680:
11650:
11620:
11608:from the original on 7 July 2014
11590:
11552:
11522:
11500:
11474:
11464:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
11451:
11406:
11374:
11337:
11320:
11290:
11264:
11254:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
11109:
11071:
11055:
10987:Bryn Mawr Classical review, 2003
10963:
10931:
10901:
10875:
10863:from the original on 26 May 2013
10836:
10806:
10767:
10746:
10734:
10722:from the original on 20 May 2013
10704:
10674:
10609:
10571:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
10542:
10512:
10486:
10468:"Contractions and Abbreviations"
10460:
10433:
10401:
10391:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
10378:
10358:
10327:
10315:from the original on 16 May 2020
10301:
10291:
10269:"Global Catholic Network | EWTN"
10228:
10215:
10185:
10155:
10124:
10094:
10082:
10034:William Smith, Samuel Cheetham,
10014:
10002:Universi Dominici Gregis, No. 89
9994:
9971:
9948:
9921:
9898:
9876:
9857:
9844:
9821:
9799:
9773:
9742:
9716:. Liturgical Press. p. 96.
9703:
9665:
9642:
9631:
9620:
9609:
9579:
9527:
9508:
9489:
9473:from the original on 14 May 2013
9451:
9435:from the original on 14 May 2013
9431:. 1917 edition. StudyLight.org.
9413:
9371:
9355:from the original on 14 May 2013
9339:
9333:
9321:from the original on 14 May 2013
9299:
9283:from the original on 14 May 2013
9261:
8234:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
7875:from the original on 8 July 2011
7606:. Liturgical Press. p. 63.
7319:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
7190:"News from The Associated Press"
7133:Catechism of the Catholic Church
6912:List of popes who died violently
6824:nor in other lists of the popes.
6263:universal immediate jurisdiction
6177:sexual abuse by Catholic priests
6164:Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act
5883:
5733:
5721:
5345:Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore
4776:Holy See–United States relations
4484:Vatican City during World War II
4329:
4168:
3951:
3934:
3904:Other titles commonly used are "
3883:". This title was first used by
3389:
3111:dean of the College of Cardinals
2303:and ended the Byzantine Empire.
2291:(1272–1274) and secondly in the
2204:, and driving into Greek Italy.
1891:fall of the Western Roman Empire
1254:
918:Consecrated and professed titles
362:
335:
294:
108:
22054:Patriarchate of the East Indies
22038:Patriarchate of the West Indies
21784:Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem
21429:, sorted according to earliest
21311:Latin Church in the Middle East
20449:Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo
20349:Pontifical Oratory of San Paolo
20329:Pontifical Minor Roman Seminary
20128:Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno
16450:First seven ecumenical councils
13544:. London: Chatto & Windus.
13049:
12914:Smalcald Articles, Article four
12483:Roberts, Ivor (13 April 2010).
11458:Meehan, Andrew Brennan (1913).
10309:"Code of Canon Law – IntraText"
9250:
9239:
9228:
9198:
9168:
9138:
9109:
9079:
9049:
9017:
8988:
8958:
8926:
8887:
8834:
8795:
8765:
8735:
8722:
8693:
8662:
8623:
8584:
8554:
8481:
8460:
8434:
8287:
8268:
8221:
8209:Canons of the Council of Nicaea
8201:
8180:
8155:
8142:
8112:
8100:
8088:
8076:
8067:
8058:
8042:Emmanuel Clapsis, Papal Primacy
8034:
8022:
7991:
7954:, transmitted on 23 March 2008.
7948:The Secrets of the 12 Disciples
7941:
7927:
7887:
7791:
7727:
7692:
7683:
7670:
7645:
7620:
7595:
7570:
7556:. Baker Academic. p. 888.
7545:
7532:
7426:
7396:
7366:
7348:
7329:
7226:
7200:
7170:from the original on 7 May 2022
7014:
7005:
6980:
5515:Public holidays in Vatican City
5365:Fountains of St. Peter's Square
5299:Public holidays in Vatican City
5145:Financial Information Authority
4267:, wearing the traditional 1877
4085:with three gold crowns and red
3899:
3164:Annuntio vobis gaudium magnum!
3151:) and to receive his blessing.
2950:Election, death and resignation
2831:are a reference to the phrase "
2635:as Saint Peter's successor and
2508:who served from 174 to 189 AD.
1881:controlled the church, and the
1492:, modern popes are involved in
1476:was founded by Saint Peter and
1456:and the Holy See to ensure its
1412:While his office is called the
1389:From a Catholic viewpoint, the
160:Ecclesiastical Province of Rome
23279:Catholic ecclesiastical titles
23141:Separation of church and state
22046:Latin Patriarchate of Ethiopia
20138:Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo
18631:Stufetta del cardinal Bibbiena
18427:Vicar General for Vatican City
17025:Separation of church and state
15644:Servant of the servants of God
13576:The Holy See – The Holy Father
13516:Maxwell-Stuart, P. G. (1997).
13333:Loomis, Louise Ropes (2006) .
13272:Oxford Dictionary of the Popes
12367:Allen, John L. (21 May 2010).
11437:(Oxford University Press 2005
11087:Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum
11066:Corpus Inscriptionum Atticarum
10977:, no. 39. (Brussels: Brepols)
10752:Faus, José Ignacio Gonzáles. "
10648:. Paulist Press. p. 432.
10618:(Oxford University Press 2005
10385:Shahan, Thomas Joseph (1907).
9710:Kelly, Joseph Francis (2009).
9115:
8636:. Fortress Press. p. 90.
8487:Riley-Smith, Jonathan (1997).
8400:História Global Brasil e Geral
8228:Chapman, Henry Palmer (1913).
8150:Oxford History of Christianity
7283:Faus, José Ignacio Gonzáles. "
7182:
7086:
7059:
6967:
6944:
6935:
6862:Legends surrounding the papacy
6847:Bishops in the Catholic Church
6471:Other uses of the title "Pope"
6407:Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod
6169:United States Court of Appeals
5785:, bishop of Rome, seated, and
5304:Pontifical Academy of Sciences
5135:Rail transport in Vatican City
5077:Vatican and Holy See passports
4666:Secretariat for Communications
4561:Tribunal of Vatican City State
4556:Temporal power of the Holy See
4160:
3819:Servant of the servants of God
3619:Vicarius Principis Apostolorum
3507:Servant of the servants of God
3440:
3342:
3158:announces from a balcony over
2848:
2618:Other early Christian mentions
2248:Popes also contended with the
2152:, asked for military aid from
1912:
1507:Over time, the papacy accrued
13:
1:
21673:Latin Patriarchate of Antioch
20401:Pontifical Oriental Institute
18588:Monument to the Royal Stuarts
18484:Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi
13522:. London: Thames and Hudson.
12783:"The Brief Statement of 1932"
12452:Horne, Mark (10 April 2010).
10913:, Vatican City, 2008, p. 928"
9749:Effron, Lauren (March 2013).
9463:"Commentary on Matthew 16:18"
9425:"Commentary on Matthew 16:18"
9383:"Commentary on Matthew 16:18"
9349:Exposition of the Whole Bible
9345:"Commentary on Matthew 16:18"
9311:"Commentary on Matthew 16:18"
9273:"Commentary on Matthew 16:18"
8847:. Paulist Press. p. 38.
8802:Wilken, Robert Louis (2012).
8672:Encyclopedia Of Protestantism
8669:Hillerbrand, Hans J. (2004).
8630:Edwards, Mark U. Jr. (2004).
8444:. Portalsaofrancisco.com.br.
7295:, pp. 49–55. Edições Loyola.
7039:
6618:
6419:Concordia Lutheran Conference
6255:Independent Catholic churches
6086:in 1570 excommunicated Queen
5610:Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi
5390:Monument to the Royal Stuarts
4871:President: G. di Sanguinetto
4277:
3843:, who had assumed the title "
2398:and the Holy See established
1948:
1933:
1922:
1866:, and several other bishops.
1804:, a tradition handed down by
1752:
1708:
1672:
1391:primacy of the bishop of Rome
1069:Captain General of the Church
485:Assistant to the papal throne
23032:First Council of the Lateran
22967:Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
20224:Basilica of Saint Mary Major
19495:
18882:Santo Stefano degli Abissini
15667:Coat of arms of the Holy See
15570:Basilica of Saint Mary Major
13076:Bokenkotter, Thomas (2004).
12472:– via Richard Dawkins.
11600:Ecclesiastical Abbreviations
11274:. Dictionary.reference.com.
11098:Liddell and Scott: ἀρχιερεύς
8894:Fisher, George Park (1880).
7093:Levillain, Philippe (2002).
6705:, the shortest-reigning pope
6690:, he is not included there.
6444:
6322:over everything and everyone
6186:campaigners and a prominent
6110:mediated the Beagle conflict
6054:to invade Ireland. In 1207,
5605:Santo Stefano degli Abissini
5205:Coat of arms of Vatican City
4771:Holy See–Palestine relations
4685:L'Osservatore della Domenica
4531:Legal status of the Holy See
3925:
3691:principal college of priests
3645:for a saint who was a pope.
3613:The title "vicar of Peter" (
3162:the following proclamation:
2705:According to the same book,
2254:Catholic Ecumenical Councils
1972:approaching end of the world
1720:
1594:
1490:Christian faith and doctrine
1327:
7:
23027:First Battle of Langensalza
22972:Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor
20406:Pontifical Lombard Seminary
20282:Pontifical Urban University
19976:Ordinary general assemblies
19723:Cardinal Secretary of State
19271:Vatican Information Service
19111:Secretariat for the Economy
18967:Cardinal Secretary of State
18709:Modern and Contemporary Art
16169:Pontifical colleges in Rome
13457:Brusher, Joseph S. (1959).
13204:Granfield, Patrick (1987).
13104:. Oxford University Press.
12629:Statement on the Antichrist
11510:. The Pillar. 10 April 2024
11461:"Servus servorum Dei"
10048:Sparrow-Simpson translation
10046:, "elevated stalls" in the
9930:"The Ring of the Fisherman"
9387:Wesley's Notes on the Bible
9307:Robertson, Archibald Thomas
7935:Zeitschr. fur Kirchengesch.
7291:, pp. 64–65 and chapter 6:
7096:The Papacy: An Encyclopedia
6839:
6682:During the Western Schism,
6239:Assyrian Church of the East
5889:Coat of arms of the Vatican
5580:Cardinal Secretary of State
5385:Mater Ecclesiae (monastery)
5140:Secretariat for the Economy
5030:Status in international law
5025:Multilateral foreign policy
4788:Governorate of Vatican City
4701:Vatican Information Service
4593:LGBT rights in Vatican City
4464:Roman Historical Institutes
3505:of the Vatican City State,
3495:Archbishop and Metropolitan
3131:The new pope is led to the
3077:The formal declaration of "
2954:
2743:The Schism of the Donatists
2686:220 AD) wrote in his work "
2378:Victor Emmanuel II of Italy
2198:slight divergences of creed
1883:patriarch of Constantinople
1862:for his Trinitarian faith,
1440:which forms a geographical
1217:Order of the Holy Sepulchre
10:
23300:
23264:Religious leadership roles
22927:Atto (archbishop of Milan)
20499:Basilica of the Holy House
20123:Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino
19531:Sovereignty and government
19401:Amateur Sports Association
18845:San Pellegrino in Vaticano
18772:Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri
18322:Catholic Church portal
16250:Catholic Church portal
15484:properties of the Holy See
15354:
13600:(archived 21 October 2011)
13594:(archived 30 October 2011)
13478:Chamberlin, E. R. (1969).
13247:"Universi Dominici Gregis"
11085:(greatest high priest) in
11082:
10059:the Cunningham translation
9429:Scofield's Reference Notes
8029:The Early Christian Church
7627:O'Malley, John W. (2009).
7552:Elwell, Walter A. (2001).
6684:Avignon Pope Benedict XIII
6544:Macedonian Orthodox Church
6448:
6352:from Revelation 13:11–18.
6309:. Not only dissidents and
6295:Catholic–Lutheran dialogue
6281:Historicism (Christianity)
6278:
6144:diplomatic representatives
6123:
5868:
5825:The names "Holy See" and "
5794:Residence and jurisdiction
5540:Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri
5535:San Pellegrino in Vaticano
5170:Properties of the Holy See
4203:
3987:Papal regalia and insignia
3984:
3914:Santísimo/Santissimo Padre
3910:Beatísimo/Beatissimo Padre
3864:
3858:
3758:
3718:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3623:Vicarius Sedis Apostolicae
3456:
3346:
2958:
2768:
2536:was appointed; after him,
2437:
2319:(1534–1549) initiated the
1823:
1634:Position within the Church
1586:
1565:
1554:
1550:
1444:within the conurbation of
1350:. He is also known as the
1316:
1261:Catholic Church portal
175:(Official papal residence)
42:
31:
23172:
23154:
23074:
23044:Saxon revolt of 1077–1088
22995:
22919:
22862:
22842:
22811:
22543:
22532:
22512:
22481:
22213:
22202:
22144:
22123:
22078:
22023:
21964:
21890:
21845:
21805:
21798:
21748:
21683:
21600:
21553:
21517:
21497:
21476:
21419:
21351:
21333:Eastern Catholic Churches
21298:
21212:
21165:
21104:
21091:
21066:
20998:
20920:
20805:
20742:
20667:
20652:
20580:
20525:
20456:Gardens of the Villa Cybo
20439:
20309:Palace of the Holy Office
20299:Palazzo della Cancelleria
20271:Palace of Saint Callixtus
20241:
20204:
20194:
20183:
20164:
20093:
20070:
20022:
19994:
19938:
19833:
19781:
19751:
19705:
19678:
19552:
19540:Sovereign judicial entity
19503:
19431:
19393:
19363:
19345:
19293:Vatican Television Center
19165:
19156:
19124:
19072:
19063:
19030:
18978:
18951:
18913:
18904:
18811:Mater Ecclesiae Monastery
18689:
18600:
18525:
18521:
18512:
18435:
18384:
18310:
18248:Aid to the Church in Need
18238:
18095:
17908:
17869:Vatican Television Center
17844:
17754:
17644:
17514:Eastern Catholic Churches
17495:
17384:
17277:
17224:
17149:
17120:
17045:
16970:
16905:
16850:
16769:
16639:
16553:
16485:
16430:
16349:
16326:
16298:
16226:
16125:
16043:
15969:
15943:
15846:
15753:
15700:
15652:
15583:
15550:
15500:
15379:
15362:
15290:
15217:
15157:
15096:
15087:
14901:
14615:
14214:
13918:
13712:
13645:
13588:(archived 6 October 2011)
13225:Grisar, Hartmann (1912).
13173:The Story of Civilization
13149:The Story of Civilization
13128:. Yale University Press.
12884:19 September 2015 at the
12728:Full view on Google Books
12705:12 September 2007 at the
12672:12 September 2007 at the
12650:16 September 2017 at the
11988:"the Jubilee Declaration"
10843:Shaw, Russell B. (1979).
10494:"What Does PP Stand For?"
10442:"Lexicon Abbreviaturarum"
10238:The Path to a New Pontiff
9555:"Saint Peter the Apostle"
9277:Commentary on the Gospels
8900:. Scribner. p. 147.
8329:Le Goff, Jacques (2000).
8053:Orthodoxy in Conversation
7973:. Paulist Press. p.
7896:"Saint Peter the Apostle"
7871:. Crossroads Initiative.
7773:. Paulist Press. p.
7477:10.1080/14650040903420388
7316:"Papal Arbitration"
6816:, which according to the
6580:Palmarian Catholic Church
6554:, Russian "папа римский"
6532:Bulgarian Orthodox Church
6523:" and the latter called "
6291:Lutheran World Federation
6175:decided that a case over
5942:
5934:
5924:
5914:
5904:
5894:
5882:
5877:
5395:Palace of the Holy Office
5375:Geography of Vatican City
5269:Languages of Vatican City
5130:Transport in Vatican City
4859:President: Pio Vito Pinto
4761:Holy See–Israel relations
4721:Vatican Television Center
4479:Vatican Historical Museum
3879:also included the title "
3556:"Vicar of Jesus Christ" (
3485:of the Universal Church,
3425:
3417:
3409:
3397:
3388:
3375:
3368:
3339:) follows the interment.
3223:"Annos Petri non-videbis"
2839:, to describe Peter. The
2827:The symbolic keys in the
2660:Second Epistle to Timothy
2241:, reducing one's time in
2184:lasted from 1378 to 1417.
1985:'s representative in the
1800:, the date of the Jewish
1338:'father') is the
1094:Gonfalonier of the Church
322:
314:
302:
293:
280:
269:
264:
254:
244:
234:
224:
214:
204:
199:
188:
165:
153:
148:
136:
119:
107:
92:
88:
83:
79:
58:
22947:Gotofredo da Castiglione
21994:Patriarchate of Bulgaria
21979:Patriarchate of Aquileia
20397:Archaeological Institute
19582:Old St. Peter's Basilica
19577:Patrimony of Saint Peter
19572:History of papal primacy
19305:Vatican Publishing House
18610:Redemptoris Mater Chapel
18462:Old St. Peter's Basilica
18190:Communion and Liberation
17654:Eastern Catholic liturgy
16819:Mystici Corporis Christi
16747:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
13586:Origins of Peter as Pope
13482:. New York: Dial Press.
13294:A Handbook on the Papacy
13251:Vatican Publishing House
13032:Annuario Pontificio 2012
12634:22 February 2013 at the
12460:. London. Archived from
12404:Sexual Abuse Claims Blog
12373:National Catholic Review
12302:Simbeye, Yitiha (2004).
11744:"The Vatican (Holy See)"
11583:24 February 2021 at the
11566:Annuario Pontificio 2013
10165:Universi Dominici Gregis
9870:14 December 2017 at the
9025:"Ignatius to the Romans"
8511:, pp. 140–141, 192.
8470:. Paulist Press. p. 94.
8280:27 February 2007 at the
8214:15 February 2012 at the
8109:, volume 1, 2006, p. 418
7289:Os papas repartem terras
7208:"Definition of Holy See"
6928:
6578:Church and the European
6397:("because") rather than
6275:Protestant denominations
6243:Oriental Orthodox Church
6202:Objections to the papacy
6114:improvement in relations
6096:in 1582 established the
6050:in 1155 authorized King
6020:coronation of Napoleon I
5871:Politics of Vatican City
5675:Redemptoris Mater Chapel
5595:Redemptoris Mater Chapel
5445:Old St. Peter's Basilica
5315:The Story of the Vatican
4946:Universi Dominici gregis
4934:Universi Dominici Gregis
4800:Military of Vatican City
4793:Governor of Vatican City
4766:Holy See–Italy relations
4711:Vatican Publishing House
4680:(Vatican City newspaper)
4447:2010 Vatican sex scandal
4442:Governor of Vatican City
4389:Congregation for Borders
4338:This article is part of
4322:Politics of the Holy See
3795:, similar in meaning to
3733:(the greatest pontiff).
3521:" ("pope and pontiff").
3365:'s resignation in 1415.
3293:Universi Dominici Gregis
3266:
3214:Sic transit gloria mundi
3057:Universi Dominici Gregis
2631:260/265 – 339) mentions
2440:History of papal primacy
2434:Early Christian mentions
1826:Papacy in late antiquity
1384:elected on 13 March 2013
435:Chaplain of His Holiness
23017:Donation of Constantine
22913:Investiture Controversy
22648:Holy See (Vatican City)
22318:Holy See (Vatican City)
22156:Christianity portal
22108:(1992–2018; since 2019)
22092:Patriarchate of Romania
22000:Patriarchate of Georgia
21946:Patriarchate of Cilicia
21450:Eastern Orthodox Church
21081:Liturgical use of Latin
20707:Pierbattista Pizzaballa
20592:Vatican City portal
20324:Palace of the Vicariate
20118:Civitavecchia-Tarquinia
19642:Prisoner in the Vatican
19631:Investiture Controversy
19443:Vatican City portal
18855:Via della Conciliazione
18451:Prisoner in the Vatican
17005:Philosophy of canon law
16935:Mariology of the saints
16515:Investiture Controversy
16238:Vatican City portal
15108:During the Roman Empire
13495:Dollison, John (1994).
13210:. New York: Crossroad.
13195:A History of the Church
13082:. New York: Doubleday.
12919:10 October 2008 at the
12709:, Revelation Chapter 13
12308:. Ashgate. p. 94.
11897:3 February 2008 at the
11837:and in the articles on
11692:Society of Saint Pius X
11598:"Catholic Encyclopedia:
11387:Encyclopædia Britannica
11272:"Dictionary definition"
11036:A Greek English Lexicon
10992:7 November 2003 at the
10944:Encyclopædia Britannica
10568:"Vicar of Christ"
10524:Encyclopedia Britannica
10414:Encyclopædia Britannica
10102:"Profile: Pope Francis"
9662:, p. Introduction.
9560:Encyclopædia Britannica
9539:16 January 2014 at the
9520:16 January 2014 at the
9501:16 January 2014 at the
8743:"Authority of the Pope"
8566:Encyclopedia Britannica
8427:16 January 2012 at the
8188:The Birth of the Church
8186:Davidson, Ivor (2005).
8124:Encyclopedia Britannica
8047:3 December 2008 at the
7901:Encyclopædia Britannica
6867:List of canonized popes
6694:Shortest-reigning popes
6568:new religious movements
6540:Serbian Orthodox Church
6536:Russian Orthodox Church
6507:In the Eastern Churches
6379:Lucas Cranach the Elder
6215:Lucas Cranach the Elder
6160:U.S. Justice Department
5992:Donation of Constantine
5969:Though the progressive
5728:Vatican City portal
5655:Vatican Gallery of Maps
5520:Vatican Secret Archives
5480:Via della Conciliazione
5370:Gardens of Vatican City
5125:Tourism in Vatican City
4621:Politics and government
4582:Apostolic Constitution
4538:Alperin v. Vatican Bank
4408:Prisoner in the Vatican
4293:preaching of the Gospel
4148:and shoes, and a white
3453:Official list of titles
3010:following the death of
2876:A fresco of Eliakim in
2842:Encyclopædia Britannica
2194:Eastern Orthodox Church
2119:Investiture controversy
1840:First Council of Nicaea
1703:this meant is unclear.
1608:patriarch of Alexandria
155:Ecclesiastical province
23184:Catholicism portal
22588:Bosnia and Herzegovina
22258:Bosnia and Herzegovina
22068:Patriarchate of Lisbon
22061:Patriarchate of Moscow
22013:Patriarchate of Venice
21343:Western Rite Orthodoxy
20983:Santiago de Compostela
20912:1983 Code of Canon Law
20887:Protestant Reformation
20830:Historical development
20604:Catholicism portal
20560:Apostolic Penitentiary
20534:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
20481:Santa Maria di Galeria
19806:For Vatican City State
19455:Catholicism portal
19417:National football team
19411:National football team
19311:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
19003:For Vatican City State
18258:Catholic Charities USA
17892:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
17880:Vatican Polyglot Press
16930:Mariology of the popes
16568:Protestant Reformation
16083:for Vatican City State
15713:Apostolic constitution
15313:Catholic Church Portal
15173:Conflicts with the HRE
13461:Popes Through the Ages
12895:14 August 2014 at the
12043:14 August 2014 at the
10240:Retrieved: 2010-03-29"
10042:19 August 2020 at the
9116:al, Philip Schaff et.
9037:10.2307/j.ctvb936zj.10
8946:10.2307/j.ctt284z4s.75
8700:Osborne, John (1967).
7967:O'Grady, John (1997).
7767:O'Grady, John (1997).
7678:Historia Ecclesiastica
7652:Schatz, Klaus (1996).
7629:A History of the Popes
7602:Mazza, Enrico (2004).
7313:Jarrett, Bede (1913).
6974:
6959:
6951:
6826:
6706:
6607:
6595:Longest-reigning popes
6590:Lengths of papal reign
6513:Coptic Orthodox Church
6483:In the Catholic Church
6391:Confessional Lutherans
6386:
6367:
6350:Beast out of the Earth
6338:
6226:
6120:International position
6088:Elizabeth I of England
5966:
5846:living as captives in
5790:
5740:Catholicism portal
5690:Sistine Chapel ceiling
5485:Vatican Climate Forest
5410:Saint Peter's Basilica
5279:Vatican Christmas Tree
4598:Pontifical Swiss Guard
4571:1983 Code of Canon Law
4505:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
4312:
4284:
4256:Second Vatican Council
4253:
4219:
4177:This section is empty.
4062:
3962:during his pontificate
3824:
3786:
3782:
3730:
3678:
3673:" is derived from the
3666:
3593:Leo I, King of Armenia
3511:
3355:1983 Code of Canon Law
3280:
3082:
3035:
3001:Second Council of Lyon
2980:
2947:
2933:
2918:
2904:
2881:
2823:
2812:
2801:
2771:Primacy of Simon Peter
2762:
2722:
2703:
2671:
2615:
2587:
2573:Epistle to the Romans"
2564:
2487:
2419:
2370:
2354:European nation states
2324:
2289:Second Council of Lyon
2266:Protestant Reformation
2185:
2026:
1940:
1790:
1651:
1624:
1529:chair (of Saint Peter)
1521:
1378:. The current pope is
1308:
712:Diocesan administrator
430:Moderator of the curia
66:
47:. For other uses, see
23284:Religion and politics
23249:Ecclesiastical titles
23211:Roman Catholic Church
23102:Divine right of kings
22987:Rudolf of Rheinfelden
21987:Patriarchate of Grado
21649:Maronite Patriarchate
21357:Doctors of the Church
20820:History of the papacy
20679:Patriarch of the West
20388:San Carlo ai Catinari
20359:Paul VI Audience Hall
20345:Benedictine monastery
20292:Bambino Gesù Hospital
20062:Sabina-Poggio Mirteto
19266:Holy See Press Office
19051:Corps of Firefighters
18826:Paul VI Audience Hall
18777:Domus Sanctae Marthae
18549:St. Peter's Baldachin
18479:Cortile del Belvedere
18445:History of the papacy
18012:Good Shepherd Sisters
17854:Holy See Press Office
17092:Doctors of the Church
16925:Immaculate Conception
16880:Anointing of the Sick
16415:History of the papacy
16206:Sexually active popes
16157:Pontifical university
15901:Ring of the Fisherman
15740:Ecclesiastical letter
15735:Apostolic exhortation
15624:Patriarch of the West
15609:Vicar of Jesus Christ
15089:History of the papacy
13402:. London: J. Hodges.
13270:Kelly, J. N. (1986).
13168:Durant, William James
13144:Durant, William James
12683:21 March 2014 at the
11908:23 April 2013 at the
11467:Catholic Encyclopedia
11257:Catholic Encyclopedia
11248:Joyce, G. H. (1913).
11068:3.43, 3.428 und 3.458
10883:"Medieval Sourcebook"
10574:Catholic Encyclopedia
10394:Catholic Encyclopedia
9989:christianitytoday.com
8466:Vidmar, John (2005).
8331:Medieval Civilization
8255:Os Santos de Cada Dia
8237:Catholic Encyclopedia
8231:"Pope Liberius"
8167:www.christianunity.va
7998:Stevenson, J (1957).
7798:Stevenson, J (1957).
7680:Book VII, chapter 7.4
7538:Asimov, Isaac (1967)
7322:Catholic Encyclopedia
7026:Patriarch Athenegoras
6996:Treaty of Tordesillas
6897:Prophecy of the Popes
6804:
6701:
6602:
6373:
6358:
6324:reminded them of the
6299:
6217:, from Luther's 1521
6209:
6078:Treaty of Tordesillas
5961:
5831:ordinary jurisdiction
5781:
5620:Cortile del Belvedere
5525:St. Peter's Baldachin
5460:Paul VI Audience Hall
5360:Domus Sanctae Marthae
5284:Sport in Vatican City
5274:Women in Vatican City
5257:Music of Vatican City
4746:Fabric of Saint Peter
4696:Vatican Radio lawsuit
4671:Holy See Press Office
4659:Pontifical Commission
4521:Crime in Vatican City
4459:History of the Papacy
4289:
4263:
4225:
4217:
4200:First Vatican Council
4056:
3993:Ring of the Fisherman
3881:patriarch of the West
3861:Patriarch of the West
3855:Patriarch of the West
3750:High Priest of Israel
3717:), or Ancient Greek:
3656:
3558:Vicarius Iesu Christi
3552:Vicar of Jesus Christ
3487:Patriarch of the West
3479:Vicar of Jesus Christ
3471:
3314:Ring of the Fisherman
3291:in his 1996 document
3274:
3076:
3025:
2968:
2937:
2923:
2908:
2894:
2875:
2819:
2808:
2796:
2751:
2711:
2692:
2652:
2650:as his "co-laborer".
2604:
2577:
2510:
2472:
2358:First Vatican Council
2314:
2179:
2158:Byzantine–Seljuq wars
1920:
1871:Edict of Thessalonica
1779:
1764:authoritative primacy
1746:Epistle to the Romans
1557:History of the papacy
1527:—literally 'from the
1448:, established by the
847:Protonotary apostolic
377:Ecclesiastical titles
179:Domus Sanctae Marthae
49:Pope (disambiguation)
23097:College of Cardinals
22937:Antipope Clement III
22812:Partially recognised
22482:Partially recognised
22106:Patriarchate of Kyiv
21076:Ecclesiastical Latin
20847:Early African church
20815:Apostolic succession
20214:St. Peter's Basilica
19907:Apostolic nunciature
19766:College of Cardinals
19761:Secretariat of State
19327:L'Osservatore Romano
19236:Sistine Chapel Choir
19040:Corps of Gendarmerie
18865:Porta San Pellegrino
18816:Sant'Egidio in Borgo
18544:Chair of Saint Peter
18536:St. Peter's Basilica
18504:Piazza Scossacavalli
17885:L'Osservatore Romano
17823:Role in civilisation
17549:Croatian and Serbian
17297:Episcopal conference
17259:St. Peter's Basilica
16617:Sexual abuse scandal
16573:Catholic Reformation
16201:Popes by nationality
16117:Sistine Chapel Choir
16051:College of Cardinals
15682:Regalia and insignia
15565:St. Peter's Basilica
15251:Revolutionary Papacy
15245:Age of Enlightenment
13542:The Popes: A History
13538:Norwich, John Julius
13356:. Houghton Mifflin.
13354:Western Civilization
13245:(22 February 1996).
13199:. Herder and Herder.
12949:21 June 2006 at the
12901:Concordia Cyclopedia
12809:"Doctrinal Position"
12724:19 July 2019 at the
12696:See See Kretzmann's
12066:16 July 2011 at the
12059:Concordia Cyclopedia
12014:Apostolic succession
11807:. 2 September 2013.
11418:3 March 2013 at the
11064:23.1.2 and 32.22.5;
10590:McBrien, Richard P.
10221:Sullivan, George E.
10064:28 June 2011 at the
10053:5 March 2016 at the
10007:8 April 2012 at the
9983:25 July 2021 at the
9966:americamagazine.org.
9960:25 July 2021 at the
9910:25 July 2021 at the
9888:13 July 2021 at the
9850:Thomas J. Reese SJ,
9833:25 July 2021 at the
9811:25 July 2021 at the
8591:Boyer, Paul (2009).
6439:Western Christianity
6259:Council of Chalcedon
6146:of a head of state.
5810:. He also possesses
5630:Porta San Pellegrino
5565:Bibliotheca Palatina
5415:Saint Peter's Square
5335:Apostolic nunciature
5262:Sistine Chapel Choir
4812:College of Cardinals
4728:Secretariat of State
4677:L'Osservatore Romano
4156:Status and authority
4115:flag of Vatican City
4045:was discontinued by
4037:was discontinued by
3981:Regalia and insignia
3845:ecumenical patriarch
3546:Eastern Christianity
3530:bishop of Alexandria
3301:College of Cardinals
3183:St. Peter's Basilica
3156:cardinal protodeacon
3088:Saint Peter's Square
3052:Papal conclave, 2005
2972:Delivery of the Keys
2782:apostolic succession
2501:Against Heresies III
2428:Primacy of St. Peter
2385:unification of Italy
2339:Catholic Reformation
2328:Protestant Reformers
2281:Council of Constance
2202:Exarchate of Ravenna
1928:), in a painting by
1887:Western Roman Empire
1879:Eastern Roman Empire
1854:, who was exiled to
1787:Ravenna Document, 41
1707:Early Christianity (
1661:The writings of the
1084:Commissary Apostolic
717:Ecclesiastical judge
697:Defender of the bond
22843:Unrecognised states
22513:Unrecognised states
21835:Archbishop of Tunis
21286:Pre-Tridentine Mass
20897:Counter-Reformation
20659:order of precedence
20565:Apostolic Signatura
20393:Collegio Bellarmino
20265:Adjoining buildings
19840:Multilateral policy
19318:Annuario Pontificio
19170:Academy of Sciences
18729:Gregoriano Egiziano
18220:Neocatechumenal Way
18185:Charismatic Renewal
17899:Annuario Pontificio
17497:Particular churches
17173:Ecumenical councils
16945:Perpetual virginity
16780:Communitas perfecta
16724:Sermon on the Mount
15098:Antiquity and Early
14902:17th–21st centuries
14616:13th–16th centuries
13416:Walsh, James Joseph
12879:Baltimore Catechism
12745:on 21 January 2019.
12547:The Daily Telegraph
12141:Judt, Tony (2006).
12038:Medieval Sourcebook
11903:English translation
11771:"From red to white"
11632:catholicculture.org
11561:Annuario Pontificio
11530:"Encyclical letter
11346:Acquah-Dadzie, Kofi
11302:Oxford Dictionaries
11103:21 May 2013 at the
10756:" (Edições Loyola.
10474:on 10 December 2011
10365:Annuario Pontificio
10137:The Washington Post
10108:. 1 December 2017.
9029:Ignatius of Antioch
8489:The First Crusaders
8358:, pp. 517–551.
8190:. Monarch. p. 341.
7166:. 27 October 2021.
7164:theconversation.com
6830:Annuario Pontificio
6796:Annuario Pontificio
6326:apocalyptic imagery
6247:Old Catholic Church
6167:November 2008, the
6140:diplomatic immunity
6083:Regnans in Excelsis
6076:in 1493 led to the
6062:made his kingdom a
6052:Henry II of England
6018:was present at the
5836:ubi Papa, ibi Curia
5555:Vatican Observatory
5329:Buildings/geography
5193:List of Papal flags
4781:Papal apocrisiarius
4210:Papal infallibility
3919:Dominus Apostolicus
3877:Annuario Pontificio
3825:servus servorum Dei
3779:Annuario Pontificio
3744:translation of the
3562:Annuario Pontificio
3466:Annuario Pontificio
2829:Papal coats of arms
2596:Annuario Pontificio
2568:Ignatius of Antioch
2455:Cyprian of Carthage
2366:papal infallibility
2337:Popes instituted a
2293:Council of Florence
2162:council of Clermont
1993:in the face of the
1921:Gregory the Great (
1875:Nicene Christianity
1836:Peace of the Church
1806:John the Evangelist
1680:Ignatius of Antioch
1562:Title and etymology
1517:papal infallibility
1498:interfaith dialogue
1395:apostolic successor
1212:Knights Hospitaller
1201:Organization titles
1006:Provincial superior
579:Territorial prelate
381:order of precedence
129:since 13 March 2013
38:College of Pontiffs
23005:Concordat of Worms
22977:Matilda of Tuscany
22962:Henry I of England
22748:Russian Federation
22418:Russian Federation
21851:Seleucia-Ctesiphon
21462:Oriental Orthodoxy
21143:Extraordinary form
21053:Isidore of Seville
21041:Augustine of Hippo
21018:Hilary of Poitiers
20734:Francesco Moraglia
20716:Filipe Neri Ferrão
20334:Collegio Teutonico
20251:Lateran University
20095:Suffragan dioceses
20072:Territorial abbeys
20042:Porto-Santa Rufina
20024:Suburbicarian sees
19986:Special assemblies
19881:Permanent Observer
19082:Vatican euro coins
18877:Saint John's Tower
18850:St. Peter's Square
18799:Collegio Teutonico
18782:Holy Spirit Chapel
18744:Bramante Staircase
18724:Gregoriano Etrusco
18566:Saint Peter's tomb
18561:Vatican Necropolis
18420:List of sovereigns
18057:Premonstratensians
16440:Ante-Nicene period
16318:Lists of Catholics
16152:Pontifical academy
16147:Orders of chivalry
15233:Reformation Papacy
15227:Renaissance Papacy
15169:(1012–1044 / 1048)
15122:Ostrogothic Papacy
14215:9th–12th centuries
13394:Pastor, Ludwig von
13290:Kerr, William Shaw
13243:John Paul II, Pope
12953:, Espresso Online.
12815:on 19 August 2007.
12699:Popular Commentary
12666:Popular Commentary
12577:Littleton Chambers
12518:"Arrest the Pope?"
12410:on 22 August 2016.
12348:on 28 January 2011
11867:Pope Callixtus III
11775:Osservatore Romano
11344:Adeleye, Gabriel;
11089:2.2696 and 3.346;
11083:ἀρχιερεὺς μέγιστος
10440:Adriano Cappelli.
10022:Augustine of Hippo
9955:"Papal Transition"
9543:. Behind the Name.
9469:. StudyLight.org.
9351:. StudyLight.org.
9317:. StudyLight.org.
9279:. StudyLight.org.
6882:Papal inauguration
6822:Liber Pontificalis
6707:
6608:
6387:
6377:, by the Lutheran
6368:
6251:Anglican Communion
6227:
6192:Geoffrey Robertson
6136:sovereign immunity
6098:Gregorian calendar
5988:Pippin the Younger
5967:
5812:a summer residence
5791:
5500:Vatican Necropolis
5470:Torre San Giovanni
5420:Saint Peter's tomb
5355:Bramante Staircase
5318:, 1941 documentary
5160:Vatican euro coins
4941:(Papal elections)
4846:Dominique Mamberti
4839:Court of Cassation
4303:College of Bishops
4285:
4220:
4063:
3833:Benedict of Nursia
3829:Augustine of Hippo
3813:bishop of Carthage
3736:In Christian use,
3667:
3318:personal apartment
3281:
3160:St. Peter's Square
3083:
3036:
2981:
2882:
2857:, a figure in the
2591:Augustine of Hippo
2548:; then after him,
2415:Assumption of Mary
2402:as an independent
2325:
2228:Kingdom of England
2186:
2150:Alexios I Komnenos
2131:Pope Alexander III
2123:Concordat of Worms
2115:Henry I of England
2005:turn from Emperor
1970:, ghosts, and the
1941:
1810:Easter controversy
1466:Catholic tradition
1376:Vatican City State
934:Consecrated virgin
455:Apostolic delegate
23192:
23191:
23134:Donation of Pepin
23114:Holy Roman Empire
23092:Clerical celibacy
22932:Pope Callixtus II
22879:
22878:
22858:
22857:
22544:UN members
22528:
22527:
22214:UN members
22164:
22163:
21960:
21959:
21956:
21955:
21794:
21793:
21375:
21374:
21294:
21293:
21208:
21207:
21062:
21061:
20801:
20800:
20612:
20611:
20521:
20520:
20517:
20516:
20479:antennae area of
20470:Summer estate of
20435:
20434:
20367:
20366:
20339:Teutonic Cemetery
20237:
20236:
20200:
20199:
20196:
20177:
20160:
20159:
20156:
20155:
20113:Civita Castellana
20016:
19960:
19934:
19933:
19699:
19636:Age of Revolution
19609:Donation of Pepin
19604:Donation of Sutri
19544:international law
19463:
19462:
19423:Vatican Athletics
19389:
19388:
19341:
19340:
19197:Apostolic Archive
19152:
19151:
19059:
19058:
18922:Foreign relations
18900:
18899:
18872:Ricciolo d'Italia
18840:Passetto di Borgo
18804:Teutonic Cemetery
18757:
18756:
18615:Borgia Apartments
18596:
18595:
18576:Tomb of the Julii
18340:
18339:
17750:
17749:
17143:
16966:
16965:
16658:
16635:
16634:
16627:COVID-19 pandemic
16597:French Revolution
16587:Thirty Years' War
16495:Islamic conquests
16408:Apostolic fathers
16343:
16258:
16257:
16025:Prelate of Honour
15592:
15496:
15495:
15492:
15491:
15322:
15321:
15286:
15285:
15178:Wandering Papacy
15141:Saeculum obscurum
15114:Under Constantine
13919:5th–8th centuries
13713:1st–4th centuries
13697:papal resignation
13551:978-0-7011-8290-8
13529:978-0-500-01798-2
13508:978-0-671-88615-8
13385:978-1-85182-125-9
13363:978-0-618-43277-6
13344:978-1-889758-86-2
13325:978-0-8129-6762-3
13281:978-0-19-190935-1
13274:. Prentice Hall.
13217:978-0-8245-0839-5
13183:978-0-671-61050-0
13159:978-0-671-01200-7
13135:978-0-300-07332-4
13111:978-0-19-822928-5
13089:978-0-385-50584-0
13068:978-0-8215-2207-3
13040:978-88-209-8722-0
13020:978-88-209-8722-0
12528:on 20 April 2010.
12522:Zenit News Agency
12152:978-0-14-303775-0
11781:on 17 August 2014
11574:978-88-209-9070-1
11443:978-0-19-280290-3
11367:978-0-86516-423-9
11332:978-88-209-8021-4
10856:978-0-87973-669-9
10787:978-0-8091-4429-7
10655:978-0-8091-4066-4
10624:978-0-19-280290-3
10594:(original title:
10373:978-88-209-8722-0
10089:Ablative absolute
9928:Catholic Online.
9723:978-0-8146-5376-0
9700:, pp. 88–89.
9698:John Paul II 1996
9660:John Paul II 1996
9524:. Dictionary.com.
9180:www.newadvent.org
9150:www.newadvent.org
9091:www.newadvent.org
9061:www.newadvent.org
8970:www.newadvent.org
8907:978-0-7905-4033-7
8854:978-0-8091-0369-0
8815:978-0-300-11884-1
8643:978-1-4514-1399-1
8604:978-0-674-02861-6
8538:, pp. 26–57.
8497:978-0-511-00308-0
8431:. 1 October 2009.
8408:978-85-02-05256-7
8263:978-85-356-0648-5
8148:Chadwick, Henry,
8073:(Clapsis, p. 113)
8064:(Clapsis, p. 102)
8015:978-0-281-00802-5
7984:978-0-8091-3740-4
7815:978-0-281-00802-5
7784:978-0-8091-3740-4
7663:978-0-8146-5522-1
7638:978-1-58051-227-5
7613:978-0-8146-6078-2
7588:978-0-534-64236-5
7563:978-0-8010-2075-9
7526:978-0-19-280290-3
7380:. November 2014.
7344:978-84-413-2489-3
7246:978-0-465-01195-7
7196:on 15 March 2013.
7110:978-0-415-92228-9
7030:the visiting pope
6093:Inter gravissimas
6008:Holy Roman Empire
5984:Donation of Sutri
5956:
5955:
5859:Angelo De Donatis
5776:
5775:
5696:The Last Judgment
5625:Passetto di Borgo
5615:Teutonic Cemetery
5465:Tomb of the Julii
5400:Palazzi Pontifici
5350:Borgia Apartments
5082:Visa requirements
5054:Antoine Camilleri
5008:Foreign relations
4953:Recent conclaves
4653:Giuseppe Bertello
4474:Vatileaks scandal
4419:Law of Guarantees
4372:Donation of Pepin
4197:
4196:
4047:Pope John Paul II
4041:. The use of the
3960:Pope Benedict XVI
3958:The signature of
3941:The signature of
3837:Gregory the Great
3752:(in the original
3709:, Ancient Greek:
3705:, Ancient Greek:
3701:, Ancient Greek:
3589:Pope Innocent III
3577:Byzantine emperor
3438:
3437:
3349:Papal resignation
3289:Pope John Paul II
3277:Pope John Paul II
3191:. After a solemn
3062:Pope Benedict XVI
2888:According to the
2491:Irenaeus of Lyons
2256:over the pope's.
2235:Treasury of Merit
2224:Kingdom of France
2142:Islamic conquests
2127:Pope Callixtus II
2104:clerical celibacy
2073:clerical marriage
2028:Saeculum obscurum
1987:Italian Peninsula
1983:Byzantine emperor
1979:exarch of Ravenna
1770:outside of Rome.
1581:derives from the
1434:international law
1360:sovereign pontiff
1346:of the worldwide
1337:
1325:
1297:
1296:
1033:Additional titles
969:Master of novices
658:Military ordinary
653:Military chaplain
594:Liturgical titles
584:Territorial abbot
480:Apostolic prefect
465:Apostolic visitor
330:
329:
276:
275:
114:Holy See (Emblem)
16:(Redirected from
23291:
23221:
23220:
23219:
23209:
23208:
23207:
23200:
23182:
23181:
23049:Gregorian Reform
23038:In nomine Domini
22952:Pope Gregory VII
22906:
22899:
22892:
22883:
22882:
22541:
22540:
22211:
22210:
22191:
22184:
22177:
22168:
22167:
22154:
22153:
22131:Apostolic Throne
22114:
22100:
22085:
22030:
22025:Early Modern era
21971:
21939:
21931:
21922:
21910:
21900:
21856:
21819:
21803:
21802:
21777:
21762:
21718:
21698:
21635:
21625:
21615:
21591:
21568:
21531:
21515:
21514:
21511:
21495:
21494:
21491:
21463:
21458:
21447:
21402:
21395:
21388:
21379:
21378:
21365:
21364:
21175:Benedictine Rite
21163:
21162:
21102:
21101:
21093:Liturgical rites
20918:
20917:
20892:Council of Trent
20877:Age of Discovery
20857:East–West Schism
20665:
20664:
20639:
20632:
20625:
20616:
20615:
20602:
20601:
20590:
20589:
20588:
20492:extraterritorial
20487:
20486:
20465:Adjacent gardens
20425:Nympheum of Nero
20374:extraterritorial
20369:
20368:
20261:Sancta Sanctorum
20239:
20238:
20202:
20201:
20195:
20192:
20191:
20181:
20180:
20169:
20020:
20019:
20001:
19998:province of Rome
19964:
19963:
19945:
19796:Apostolic Camera
19703:
19702:
19685:
19567:Primacy of Peter
19490:
19483:
19476:
19467:
19466:
19453:
19452:
19441:
19440:
19439:
19300:Vatican News App
19254:
19253:
19163:
19162:
19070:
19069:
18993:Apostolic Camera
18911:
18910:
18887:Vatican Pharmacy
18832:The Resurrection
18649:Niccoline Chapel
18639:Cappella Paolina
18625:Papal apartments
18602:Apostolic Palace
18583:Vatican Grottoes
18532:
18531:
18523:
18522:
18519:
18518:
18367:
18360:
18353:
18344:
18343:
18330:
18329:
18320:
18319:
18062:Redemptoristines
17910:Religious orders
17836:Anti-Catholicism
17786:Church buildings
17646:Catholic liturgy
17386:Consecrated life
17244:Apostolic Palace
17211:Synod of Bishops
17147:
17146:
17123:
16729:Ten Commandments
16662:
16661:
16644:
16545:Age of Discovery
16379:Great Commission
16347:
16346:
16331:
16285:
16278:
16271:
16262:
16261:
16248:
16247:
16236:
16235:
16234:
16073:Apostolic Camera
16030:Prince assistant
15956:Sedia gestatoria
15629:Primate of Italy
15588:
15519:Papal apartments
15514:Apostolic Palace
15481:extraterritorial
15437:
15436:
15386:
15385:
15349:
15342:
15335:
15326:
15325:
15310:
15298:
15297:
15218:Early Modern and
15128:Byzantine Papacy
15094:
15093:
13628:
13621:
13614:
13605:
13604:
13555:
13533:
13512:
13491:
13474:
13464:
13445:
13443:
13441:
13411:
13389:
13367:
13348:
13329:
13318:. Random House.
13305:
13285:
13266:
13264:
13262:
13238:
13221:
13200:
13198:
13187:
13163:
13139:
13115:
13093:
13072:
13043:
13029:
13023:
13012:
13006:
13005:
13003:
13001:
12986:
12980:
12979:
12977:
12975:
12960:
12954:
12941:
12935:
12929:
12923:
12910:
12904:
12875:
12869:
12868:
12866:
12864:
12849:
12843:
12842:
12840:
12838:
12823:
12817:
12816:
12805:
12799:
12798:
12796:
12794:
12779:
12773:
12772:
12770:
12768:
12753:
12747:
12746:
12735:
12729:
12716:
12710:
12694:
12688:
12663:See Kretzmann's
12661:
12655:
12625:
12619:
12618:
12616:
12614:
12599:
12593:
12592:
12590:
12588:
12579:. 26 July 2022.
12569:
12563:
12562:
12560:
12558:
12544:
12536:
12530:
12529:
12524:. Archived from
12513:
12507:
12506:
12504:
12502:
12488:
12480:
12474:
12473:
12471:
12469:
12464:on 23 April 2014
12449:
12443:
12442:
12440:
12438:
12418:
12412:
12411:
12395:
12389:
12388:
12386:
12384:
12364:
12358:
12357:
12355:
12353:
12338:
12332:
12331:
12329:
12327:
12299:
12293:
12292:
12290:
12288:
12283:on 9 August 2011
12272:
12266:
12265:
12263:
12261:
12241:
12235:
12234:
12232:
12230:
12202:
12196:
12195:
12193:
12191:
12163:
12157:
12156:
12138:
12132:
12131:
12129:
12127:
12107:
12101:
12100:
12098:
12096:
12076:
12070:
12053:
12047:
12036:Quoted from the
12034:
12028:
12022:
12016:
12010:
12004:
12003:
12001:
11999:
11984:
11978:
11977:
11975:
11973:
11954:
11948:
11945:
11939:
11936:
11930:
11927:
11921:
11918:
11912:
11884:
11878:
11847:Pope Clement VII
11827:
11821:
11820:
11818:
11816:
11805:Catholic Culture
11797:
11791:
11790:
11788:
11786:
11777:. Archived from
11766:
11760:
11759:
11757:
11755:
11740:
11734:
11733:
11731:
11729:
11714:
11708:
11707:
11705:
11703:
11694:. 2 April 2020.
11684:
11678:
11677:
11675:
11673:
11654:
11648:
11647:
11645:
11643:
11624:
11618:
11617:
11615:
11613:
11594:
11588:
11556:
11550:
11549:
11547:
11545:
11526:
11520:
11519:
11517:
11515:
11504:
11498:
11497:
11495:
11493:
11478:
11472:
11471:
11463:
11455:
11449:
11447:Pontifex Maximus
11432:
11423:
11413:Pontifex Maximus
11410:
11404:
11403:
11401:
11399:
11378:
11372:
11371:
11355:
11341:
11335:
11324:
11318:
11317:
11315:
11313:
11308:on 27 April 2013
11294:
11288:
11287:
11285:
11283:
11268:
11262:
11261:
11253:
11245:
11239:
11113:
11107:
11084:
11075:
11069:
11059:
11053:
11052:
11050:
11048:
11030:
11024:
11023:
11006:
10997:
10967:
10961:
10960:
10958:
10956:
10935:
10929:
10928:
10926:
10924:
10905:
10899:
10898:
10896:
10894:
10879:
10873:
10872:
10870:
10868:
10840:
10834:
10833:
10831:
10829:
10810:
10804:
10803:
10801:
10799:
10771:
10765:
10750:
10744:
10738:
10732:
10731:
10729:
10727:
10708:
10702:
10701:
10699:
10697:
10678:
10672:
10671:
10669:
10667:
10639:
10630:
10613:
10607:
10588:
10579:
10578:
10570:
10562:
10551:
10546:
10540:
10539:
10537:
10535:
10516:
10510:
10509:
10507:
10505:
10490:
10484:
10483:
10481:
10479:
10464:
10458:
10457:
10455:
10453:
10437:
10431:
10430:
10428:
10426:
10405:
10399:
10398:
10390:
10382:
10376:
10362:
10356:
10355:
10353:
10351:
10331:
10325:
10324:
10322:
10320:
10305:
10299:
10295:
10289:
10288:
10286:
10284:
10265:
10256:
10255:
10253:
10251:
10232:
10226:
10219:
10213:
10212:
10210:
10208:
10199:. 5 April 2005.
10189:
10183:
10182:
10180:
10178:
10159:
10153:
10152:
10150:
10148:
10128:
10122:
10121:
10119:
10117:
10098:
10092:
10086:
10080:
10026:absides gradatae
10018:
10012:
9998:
9992:
9975:
9969:
9952:
9946:
9945:
9943:
9941:
9925:
9919:
9902:
9896:
9880:
9874:
9861:
9855:
9848:
9842:
9825:
9819:
9803:
9797:
9796:
9794:
9792:
9777:
9771:
9770:
9768:
9766:
9746:
9740:
9739:
9737:
9735:
9707:
9701:
9695:
9689:
9688:
9686:
9684:
9675:. 3 March 2013.
9669:
9663:
9657:
9651:
9646:
9640:
9635:
9629:
9624:
9618:
9613:
9607:
9606:
9604:
9602:
9591:Catholic Answers
9583:
9577:
9576:
9574:
9572:
9550:
9544:
9531:
9525:
9512:
9506:
9493:
9487:
9486:
9480:
9478:
9455:
9449:
9448:
9442:
9440:
9417:
9411:
9410:
9404:
9402:
9375:
9369:
9368:
9362:
9360:
9337:
9331:
9330:
9328:
9326:
9303:
9297:
9296:
9290:
9288:
9265:
9259:
9254:
9248:
9243:
9237:
9235:Matthew 16:18–19
9232:
9226:
9225:
9223:
9221:
9210:Catholic Answers
9202:
9196:
9195:
9193:
9191:
9172:
9166:
9165:
9163:
9161:
9142:
9136:
9135:
9133:
9131:
9113:
9107:
9106:
9104:
9102:
9083:
9077:
9076:
9074:
9072:
9053:
9047:
9046:
9045:
9043:
9021:
9015:
9014:
9012:
9010:
8992:
8986:
8985:
8983:
8981:
8962:
8956:
8955:
8954:
8952:
8930:
8924:
8923:
8921:
8919:
8891:
8885:
8884:
8878:
8870:
8868:
8866:
8838:
8832:
8831:
8829:
8827:
8799:
8793:
8792:
8790:
8788:
8777:Catholic Answers
8769:
8763:
8762:
8760:
8758:
8739:
8733:
8726:
8720:
8719:
8717:
8715:
8697:
8691:
8690:
8666:
8660:
8659:
8657:
8655:
8627:
8621:
8620:
8618:
8616:
8588:
8582:
8581:
8579:
8577:
8558:
8552:
8545:
8539:
8533:
8527:
8526:, pp. 3–25.
8521:
8512:
8509:Bokenkotter 2004
8506:
8500:
8485:
8479:
8464:
8458:
8457:
8455:
8453:
8438:
8432:
8419:
8410:
8397:
8388:
8382:
8371:
8365:
8359:
8353:
8342:
8327:
8318:
8311:
8302:
8291:
8285:
8272:
8266:
8251:
8242:
8241:
8233:
8225:
8219:
8205:
8199:
8184:
8178:
8177:
8175:
8173:
8159:
8153:
8146:
8140:
8139:
8137:
8135:
8116:
8110:
8104:
8098:
8097:, volume 1, 2006
8092:
8086:
8080:
8074:
8071:
8065:
8062:
8056:
8038:
8032:
8026:
8020:
8019:
7995:
7989:
7988:
7964:
7955:
7945:
7939:
7938:
7931:
7925:
7924:
7921:
7915:
7913:
7891:
7885:
7884:
7882:
7880:
7865:
7859:
7856:
7850:
7849:
7847:
7845:
7826:
7820:
7819:
7795:
7789:
7788:
7764:
7755:
7754:
7752:
7750:
7731:
7725:
7722:
7716:
7715:
7713:
7711:
7696:
7690:
7687:
7681:
7674:
7668:
7667:
7649:
7643:
7642:
7624:
7618:
7617:
7599:
7593:
7592:
7574:
7568:
7567:
7549:
7543:
7540:The Roman Empire
7536:
7530:
7529:
7512:
7497:
7496:
7460:
7454:
7453:
7451:
7449:
7430:
7424:
7423:
7421:
7419:
7410:. January 2013.
7400:
7394:
7393:
7391:
7389:
7370:
7364:
7363:
7358:. Archived from
7352:
7346:
7333:
7327:
7326:
7318:
7310:
7304:
7281:
7275:
7272:
7249:
7239:
7232:Collins, Roger.
7230:
7224:
7223:
7221:
7219:
7204:
7198:
7197:
7192:. Archived from
7186:
7180:
7179:
7177:
7175:
7156:
7150:
7149:
7147:
7145:
7124:
7115:
7114:
7103:. p. 1227.
7090:
7084:
7083:
7081:
7079:
7063:
7057:
7055:
7050:
7033:
7022:Joseph Ratzinger
7018:
7012:
7009:
7003:
6984:
6978:
6977:
6975:Romanus pontifex
6971:
6965:
6964:
6956:
6953:pontifex maximus
6948:
6942:
6939:
6806:On the death of
6634:St. John Paul II
6623:
6620:
6409:(LCMS), adopted
6293:in the official
5971:Christianization
5952:
5949:
5938:11 February 1929
5919:Apostolic Palace
5887:
5875:
5874:
5844:Kingdom of Judah
5808:Apostolic Palace
5768:
5761:
5754:
5738:
5737:
5726:
5725:
5724:
5575:Cappella Paolina
5560:Vatican Pharmacy
5490:Vatican Heliport
5440:Niccoline Chapel
5425:Lateran Basilica
5405:Papal Apartments
5340:Apostolic Palace
5225:Papal coronation
4963:
4854:Court of Appeals
4822:
4587:
4437:
4333:
4326:
4325:
4282:
4279:
4274:sedia gestatoria
4192:
4189:
4179:You can help by
4172:
4165:
4043:sedia gestatoria
4039:Pope John Paul I
4012:Sedia gestatoria
3955:
3938:
3894:Eastern Churches
3793:Pontifex Maximus
3764:Roman Pontifical
3761:
3760:
3748:to indicate the
3731:Pontifex Maximus
3720:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3566:vicarius Christi
3426:Posthumous style
3393:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3372:
3188:sedia gestatoria
3179:papal coronation
3141:Fisherman's Ring
3026:The conclave in
2945:
2931:
2916:
2902:
2760:
2720:
2701:
2685:
2681:
2669:
2630:
2613:
2585:
2562:
2506:Pope Eleutherius
2497:
2485:
2461:
2422:
2396:Kingdom of Italy
2375:
2347:Council of Trent
2321:Council of Trent
2190:East–West Schism
2160:. Urban, at the
2100:Gregorian Reform
2096:Pope Gregory VII
2031:
1995:Muslim conquests
1991:Byzantine Empire
1953:
1950:
1938:
1935:
1927:
1924:
1788:
1775:Ravenna Document
1757:
1754:
1723:
1713:
1710:
1677:
1674:
1656:
1629:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1538:
1526:
1452:in 1929 between
1430:sovereign entity
1332:
1330:
1320:
1318:
1289:
1282:
1275:
1259:
1258:
1234:Grand Inquisitor
1222:Teutonic Knights
1099:Honorary Prelate
1021:Superior general
810:Personal prelate
798:Assistant pastor
707:Devil's advocate
557:Auxiliary bishop
552:Coadjutor bishop
542:Suffragan bishop
532:Major archbishop
475:Apostolic exarch
460:Apostolic Syndic
450:Apostolic nuncio
366:
354:Hierarchy of the
339:
332:
331:
298:
288:
283:
278:
277:
193:Apostolic Palace
173:Apostolic Palace
131:
112:
97:
69:
67:Pontifex maximus
56:
55:
21:
23299:
23298:
23294:
23293:
23292:
23290:
23289:
23288:
23229:
23228:
23227:
23217:
23215:
23205:
23203:
23195:
23193:
23188:
23176:
23168:
23150:
23070:
23066:Walk to Canossa
23022:Excommunication
22997:
22991:
22982:Pope Paschal II
22957:Guido da Velate
22915:
22910:
22880:
22875:
22854:
22838:
22829:Northern Cyprus
22807:
22723:North Macedonia
22545:
22535:
22524:
22508:
22499:Northern Cyprus
22477:
22393:North Macedonia
22215:
22205:
22198:
22195:
22165:
22160:
22148:
22140:
22119:
22112:
22098:
22083:
22082:
22080:Late Modern era
22074:
22028:
22027:
22019:
21969:
21968:
21952:
21937:
21929:
21920:
21908:
21898:
21886:
21854:
21853:
21841:
21813:
21790:
21775:
21756:
21744:
21716:
21692:
21691:
21679:
21633:
21623:
21609:
21608:
21596:
21589:
21562:
21561:
21549:
21525:
21507:
21504:
21502:
21501:
21489:
21488:
21482:
21479:
21472:
21461:
21453:
21445:
21441:Catholic Church
21434:
21415:
21406:
21376:
21371:
21347:
21290:
21280:Missa Venatoria
21204:
21200:Norbertine Rite
21190:Cistercian Rite
21185:Carthusian Rite
21161:
21138:Tridentine Mass
21134:(Ordinary form)
21132:Mass of Paul VI
21097:Liturgical days
21095:
21087:
21058:
20994:
20916:
20797:
20738:
20699:
20656:
20648:
20643:
20613:
20608:
20596:
20586:
20584:
20576:
20545:Papal household
20513:
20491:
20485:
20441:
20431:
20417:Sant'Apollinare
20415:Two Palaces of
20411:Russian College
20373:
20363:
20233:
20206:Major basilicas
20185:
20174:
20171:
20168:
20152:
20089:
20066:
20011:
20000:
19997:
19990:
19954:
19950:
19944:
19941:
19930:
19859:Of the Holy See
19854:To the Holy See
19837:
19835:Foreign affairs
19829:
19777:
19747:
19693:
19690:
19687:
19684:
19682:judicial entity
19681:
19674:
19548:
19526:Diocese of Rome
19499:
19494:
19464:
19459:
19447:
19437:
19435:
19427:
19385:
19359:
19355:Catholic Church
19337:
19252:
19248:Public holidays
19148:
19120:
19055:
19026:
18974:
18947:
18942:Fundamental Law
18896:
18762:Gregorian Tower
18753:
18691:Vatican Museums
18685:
18620:Clementine Hall
18592:
18508:
18431:
18380:
18371:
18341:
18336:
18314:
18306:
18285:
18268:Relief Services
18234:
18180:Catholic Action
18170:Military orders
18107:Confraternities
18099:of the faithful
18098:
18091:
17913:
17904:
17840:
17746:
17640:
17499:
17491:
17424:Prior, Prioress
17380:
17273:
17269:Vatican Museums
17220:
17153:
17139:
17135:
17131:
17127:
17122:
17116:
17041:
16995:Social teaching
16962:
16901:
16846:
16801:One true church
16765:
16742:Sixtine Vulgate
16738:Official Bible
16652:
16648:
16643:
16631:
16549:
16481:
16426:
16396:Petrine primacy
16339:
16335:
16330:
16322:
16294:
16292:Catholic Church
16289:
16259:
16254:
16242:
16232:
16230:
16222:
16191:Canonised popes
16121:
16112:Cappella Giulia
16039:
16003:Papal majordomo
15965:
15939:
15842:
15749:
15696:
15648:
15587:
15579:
15552:Major basilicas
15546:
15488:
15443:
15435:
15417:Diocese of Rome
15392:
15375:
15358:
15353:
15323:
15318:
15282:
15265:(1929–present)
15219:
15213:
15167:Tusculan Papacy
15159:
15153:
15134:Frankish Papacy
15099:
15083:
14897:
14611:
14210:
13914:
13708:
13641:
13639:Catholic Church
13632:
13562:
13552:
13530:
13509:
13453:
13451:Further reading
13448:
13439:
13437:
13386:
13364:
13345:
13326:
13282:
13260:
13258:
13218:
13184:
13160:
13136:
13112:
13098:Chadwick, Henry
13090:
13069:
13052:
13047:
13046:
13030:
13026:
13013:
13009:
12999:
12997:
12988:
12987:
12983:
12973:
12971:
12962:
12961:
12957:
12951:Wayback Machine
12944:Sandro Magister
12942:
12938:
12930:
12926:
12921:Wayback Machine
12911:
12907:
12903:, pp. 564, 750.
12897:Wayback Machine
12886:Wayback Machine
12876:
12872:
12862:
12860:
12851:
12850:
12846:
12836:
12834:
12825:
12824:
12820:
12807:
12806:
12802:
12792:
12790:
12781:
12780:
12776:
12766:
12764:
12755:
12754:
12750:
12737:
12736:
12732:
12726:Wayback Machine
12717:
12713:
12707:Wayback Machine
12695:
12691:
12685:Wayback Machine
12674:Wayback Machine
12662:
12658:
12652:Wayback Machine
12636:Wayback Machine
12626:
12622:
12612:
12610:
12601:
12600:
12596:
12586:
12584:
12571:
12570:
12566:
12556:
12554:
12537:
12533:
12514:
12510:
12500:
12498:
12481:
12477:
12467:
12465:
12450:
12446:
12436:
12434:
12419:
12415:
12396:
12392:
12382:
12380:
12365:
12361:
12351:
12349:
12340:
12339:
12335:
12325:
12323:
12316:
12300:
12296:
12286:
12284:
12273:
12269:
12259:
12257:
12242:
12238:
12228:
12226:
12203:
12199:
12189:
12187:
12172:Washington Post
12164:
12160:
12153:
12139:
12135:
12125:
12123:
12108:
12104:
12094:
12092:
12077:
12073:
12068:Wayback Machine
12057:selection from
12054:
12050:
12045:Wayback Machine
12035:
12031:
12023:
12019:
12011:
12007:
11997:
11995:
11986:
11985:
11981:
11971:
11969:
11956:
11955:
11951:
11946:
11942:
11937:
11933:
11928:
11924:
11919:
11915:
11910:Wayback Machine
11899:Wayback Machine
11885:
11881:
11871:Pope Nicholas V
11839:Pope Julius III
11828:
11824:
11814:
11812:
11799:
11798:
11794:
11784:
11782:
11767:
11763:
11753:
11751:
11742:
11741:
11737:
11727:
11725:
11716:
11715:
11711:
11701:
11699:
11686:
11685:
11681:
11671:
11669:
11656:
11655:
11651:
11641:
11639:
11626:
11625:
11621:
11611:
11609:
11596:
11595:
11591:
11585:Wayback Machine
11557:
11553:
11543:
11541:
11528:
11527:
11523:
11513:
11511:
11506:
11505:
11501:
11491:
11489:
11480:
11479:
11475:
11456:
11452:
11433:
11426:
11420:Wayback Machine
11411:
11407:
11397:
11395:
11380:
11379:
11375:
11368:
11342:
11338:
11325:
11321:
11311:
11309:
11296:
11295:
11291:
11281:
11279:
11270:
11269:
11265:
11246:
11242:
11114:
11110:
11105:Wayback Machine
11076:
11072:
11060:
11056:
11046:
11044:
11031:
11027:
11007:
11000:
10994:Wayback Machine
10968:
10964:
10954:
10952:
10937:
10936:
10932:
10922:
10920:
10911:Missale Romanum
10907:
10906:
10902:
10892:
10890:
10885:. Fordham.edu.
10881:
10880:
10876:
10866:
10864:
10857:
10841:
10837:
10827:
10825:
10812:
10811:
10807:
10797:
10795:
10788:
10772:
10768:
10751:
10747:
10739:
10735:
10725:
10723:
10710:
10709:
10705:
10695:
10693:
10680:
10679:
10675:
10665:
10663:
10656:
10640:
10633:
10628:Vicar of Christ
10614:
10610:
10589:
10582:
10563:
10554:
10547:
10543:
10533:
10531:
10518:
10517:
10513:
10503:
10501:
10492:
10491:
10487:
10477:
10475:
10466:
10465:
10461:
10451:
10449:
10444:. p. 283.
10438:
10434:
10424:
10422:
10407:
10406:
10402:
10383:
10379:
10363:
10359:
10349:
10347:
10332:
10328:
10318:
10316:
10307:
10306:
10302:
10296:
10292:
10282:
10280:
10267:
10266:
10259:
10249:
10247:
10246:on 6 April 2005
10234:
10233:
10229:
10220:
10216:
10206:
10204:
10191:
10190:
10186:
10176:
10174:
10163:"John Paul II.
10161:
10160:
10156:
10146:
10144:
10129:
10125:
10115:
10113:
10100:
10099:
10095:
10087:
10083:
10066:Wayback Machine
10055:Wayback Machine
10044:Wayback Machine
10019:
10015:
10009:Wayback Machine
9999:
9995:
9985:Wayback Machine
9976:
9972:
9962:Wayback Machine
9953:
9949:
9939:
9937:
9926:
9922:
9912:Wayback Machine
9903:
9899:
9893:ncregister.com.
9890:Wayback Machine
9881:
9877:
9872:Wayback Machine
9862:
9858:
9849:
9845:
9835:Wayback Machine
9826:
9822:
9813:Wayback Machine
9804:
9800:
9790:
9788:
9779:
9778:
9774:
9764:
9762:
9747:
9743:
9733:
9731:
9724:
9708:
9704:
9696:
9692:
9682:
9680:
9671:
9670:
9666:
9658:
9654:
9647:
9643:
9636:
9632:
9625:
9621:
9614:
9610:
9600:
9598:
9585:
9584:
9580:
9570:
9568:
9551:
9547:
9541:Wayback Machine
9532:
9528:
9522:Wayback Machine
9513:
9509:
9503:Wayback Machine
9494:
9490:
9476:
9474:
9456:
9452:
9438:
9436:
9418:
9414:
9400:
9398:
9376:
9372:
9358:
9356:
9338:
9334:
9324:
9322:
9304:
9300:
9286:
9284:
9269:Lightfoot, John
9266:
9262:
9255:
9251:
9244:
9240:
9233:
9229:
9219:
9217:
9204:
9203:
9199:
9189:
9187:
9174:
9173:
9169:
9159:
9157:
9144:
9143:
9139:
9129:
9127:
9114:
9110:
9100:
9098:
9085:
9084:
9080:
9070:
9068:
9055:
9054:
9050:
9041:
9039:
9023:
9022:
9018:
9008:
9006:
8993:
8989:
8979:
8977:
8964:
8963:
8959:
8950:
8948:
8932:
8931:
8927:
8917:
8915:
8908:
8892:
8888:
8872:
8871:
8864:
8862:
8855:
8839:
8835:
8825:
8823:
8816:
8800:
8796:
8786:
8784:
8771:
8770:
8766:
8756:
8754:
8741:
8740:
8736:
8727:
8723:
8713:
8711:
8698:
8694:
8687:
8679:. p. 124.
8667:
8663:
8653:
8651:
8644:
8628:
8624:
8614:
8612:
8605:
8589:
8585:
8575:
8573:
8560:
8559:
8555:
8546:
8542:
8534:
8530:
8522:
8515:
8507:
8503:
8486:
8482:
8465:
8461:
8451:
8449:
8440:
8439:
8435:
8429:Wayback Machine
8420:
8413:
8398:
8391:
8383:
8374:
8366:
8362:
8354:
8345:
8328:
8321:
8312:
8305:
8292:
8288:
8282:Wayback Machine
8275:Theodosian Code
8273:
8269:
8252:
8245:
8226:
8222:
8216:Wayback Machine
8206:
8202:
8185:
8181:
8171:
8169:
8161:
8160:
8156:
8147:
8143:
8133:
8131:
8118:
8117:
8113:
8105:
8101:
8093:
8089:
8081:
8077:
8072:
8068:
8063:
8059:
8055:(2000), p. 110)
8051:, extract from
8049:Wayback Machine
8039:
8035:
8027:
8023:
8016:
7996:
7992:
7985:
7965:
7958:
7946:
7942:
7933:
7932:
7928:
7919:
7911:
7909:
7892:
7888:
7878:
7876:
7867:
7866:
7862:
7857:
7853:
7843:
7841:
7828:
7827:
7823:
7816:
7796:
7792:
7785:
7765:
7758:
7748:
7746:
7733:
7732:
7728:
7723:
7719:
7709:
7707:
7698:
7697:
7693:
7688:
7684:
7675:
7671:
7664:
7650:
7646:
7639:
7625:
7621:
7614:
7600:
7596:
7589:
7575:
7571:
7564:
7550:
7546:
7537:
7533:
7527:
7514:
7513:
7500:
7461:
7457:
7447:
7445:
7432:
7431:
7427:
7417:
7415:
7402:
7401:
7397:
7387:
7385:
7372:
7371:
7367:
7354:
7353:
7349:
7334:
7330:
7311:
7307:
7282:
7278:
7273:
7252:
7237:
7231:
7227:
7217:
7215:
7206:
7205:
7201:
7188:
7187:
7183:
7173:
7171:
7158:
7157:
7153:
7143:
7141:
7126:
7125:
7118:
7111:
7099:. Vol. 2.
7091:
7087:
7077:
7075:
7065:
7064:
7060:
7053:
7051:
7047:
7042:
7037:
7036:
7019:
7015:
7010:
7006:
6985:
6981:
6972:
6968:
6961:summus pontifex
6949:
6945:
6940:
6936:
6931:
6926:
6842:
6834:Pope Benedict V
6777:Bl. John Paul I
6696:
6670:St. Sylvester I
6621:
6597:
6592:
6564:
6509:
6485:
6473:
6457:
6449:Main articles:
6447:
6427:Brief Statement
6403:Book of Concord
6283:
6277:
6235:
6204:
6128:
6122:
6042:excommunication
5946:
5925:First Sovereign
5890:
5873:
5867:
5816:Castel Gandolfo
5796:
5772:
5732:
5722:
5720:
5703:
5702:
5698:by Michelangelo
5650:Vatican Museums
5645:
5643:Vatican Museums
5635:
5634:
5570:Cappella Giulia
5380:Gregorian Tower
5330:
5322:
5321:
5252:Vatican Library
5247:Vatican Museums
5242:
5232:
5231:
5183:
5175:
5174:
5110:
5100:
5099:
5091:
5073:
5060:
5010:
5000:
4999:
4988:Papal Gentleman
4983:Papal household
4977:
4961:
4922:Diocese of Rome
4905:Catholic Church
4888:
4878:
4877:
4872:
4860:
4848:
4820:
4740:
4655:
4623:
4613:
4612:
4580:
4547:Doe v. Holy See
4499:
4489:
4488:
4435:
4401:Capture of Rome
4361:
4351:
4324:
4280:
4258:
4233:militant Church
4212:
4206:Papal supremacy
4204:Main articles:
4202:
4193:
4187:
4184:
4163:
4158:
4134:Dominican order
4123:
3989:
3983:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3956:
3947:
3946:
3945:
3939:
3928:
3902:
3885:Pope Theodore I
3873:
3863:
3857:
3841:John the Faster
3821:
3797:Summus Pontifex
3787:summus pontifex
3740:appears in the
3651:
3649:Supreme pontiff
3631:Pope Gregory II
3554:
3483:Supreme Pontiff
3461:
3455:
3443:
3418:Religious style
3399:Reference style
3381:
3379:
3376:
3371:
3351:
3345:
3269:
2977:Pietro Perugino
2963:
2957:
2952:
2946:
2943:
2932:
2929:
2917:
2914:
2903:
2900:
2851:
2777:Catholic Church
2773:
2767:
2761:
2758:
2739:Donatist schism
2721:
2718:
2707:Clement of Rome
2702:
2699:
2683:
2679:
2670:
2667:
2663:fellow-soldier.
2628:
2620:
2614:
2611:
2586:
2583:
2563:
2560:
2495:
2486:
2483:
2459:
2447:
2442:
2436:
2360:proclaimed the
2309:
2174:
2156:in the ongoing
2117:, known as the
2038:Tusculan Papacy
2011:Pepin the Short
2003:Pope Stephen II
1951:
1936:
1925:
1915:
1828:
1822:
1789:
1786:
1755:
1716:
1711:
1675:
1670:Clement of Rome
1636:
1573:
1564:
1559:
1553:
1536:
1502:charitable work
1352:supreme pontiff
1348:Catholic Church
1293:
1253:
1246:
1245:
1202:
1194:
1193:
1034:
1026:
1025:
919:
911:
910:
628:
620:
619:
595:
527:Diocesan bishop
522:Bishop emeritus
470:Vicar apostolic
445:Papal majordomo
371:
356:Catholic Church
355:
323:Religious style
304:Reference style
286:
284:
282:Papal styles of
281:
219:Catholic Church
184:
127:
126:
122:
115:
103:
75:
72:
70:
62:
61:
52:
41:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
23297:
23287:
23286:
23281:
23276:
23274:Heads of state
23271:
23266:
23261:
23256:
23251:
23246:
23241:
23226:
23225:
23213:
23190:
23189:
23187:
23186:
23173:
23170:
23169:
23167:
23166:
23158:
23156:
23152:
23151:
23149:
23148:
23143:
23138:
23137:
23136:
23126:
23121:
23116:
23111:
23108:Dominium mundi
23104:
23099:
23094:
23089:
23084:
23078:
23076:
23072:
23071:
23069:
23068:
23063:
23062:
23061:
23051:
23046:
23041:
23034:
23029:
23024:
23019:
23014:
23011:Dictatus papae
23007:
23001:
22999:
22993:
22992:
22990:
22989:
22984:
22979:
22974:
22969:
22964:
22959:
22954:
22949:
22944:
22939:
22934:
22929:
22923:
22921:
22917:
22916:
22909:
22908:
22901:
22894:
22886:
22877:
22876:
22874:
22873:
22870:
22867:
22863:
22860:
22859:
22856:
22855:
22853:
22852:
22846:
22844:
22840:
22839:
22837:
22836:
22831:
22826:
22821:
22815:
22813:
22809:
22808:
22806:
22805:
22803:United Kingdom
22800:
22795:
22790:
22785:
22780:
22775:
22770:
22765:
22760:
22755:
22750:
22745:
22740:
22735:
22730:
22725:
22720:
22715:
22710:
22705:
22700:
22695:
22690:
22685:
22680:
22675:
22670:
22665:
22660:
22655:
22650:
22645:
22640:
22635:
22630:
22625:
22620:
22615:
22610:
22608:Czech Republic
22605:
22600:
22595:
22590:
22585:
22580:
22575:
22570:
22565:
22560:
22555:
22549:
22547:
22538:
22530:
22529:
22526:
22525:
22523:
22522:
22516:
22514:
22510:
22509:
22507:
22506:
22501:
22496:
22491:
22485:
22483:
22479:
22478:
22476:
22475:
22473:United Kingdom
22470:
22465:
22460:
22455:
22450:
22445:
22440:
22435:
22430:
22425:
22420:
22415:
22410:
22405:
22400:
22395:
22390:
22385:
22380:
22375:
22370:
22365:
22360:
22355:
22350:
22345:
22340:
22335:
22330:
22325:
22320:
22315:
22310:
22305:
22300:
22295:
22290:
22285:
22280:
22278:Czech Republic
22275:
22270:
22265:
22260:
22255:
22250:
22245:
22240:
22235:
22230:
22225:
22219:
22217:
22208:
22200:
22199:
22194:
22193:
22186:
22179:
22171:
22162:
22161:
22159:
22158:
22145:
22142:
22141:
22139:
22138:
22133:
22127:
22125:
22121:
22120:
22118:
22117:
22109:
22103:
22095:
22088:
22086:
22076:
22075:
22073:
22072:
22064:
22058:
22050:
22042:
22033:
22031:
22021:
22020:
22018:
22017:
22009:
22003:
21997:
21991:
21983:
21974:
21972:
21962:
21961:
21958:
21957:
21954:
21953:
21951:
21950:
21942:
21934:
21926:
21915:
21914:
21903:
21901:
21888:
21887:
21885:
21884:
21876:
21868:
21859:
21857:
21843:
21842:
21840:
21839:
21831:
21822:
21820:
21800:
21796:
21795:
21792:
21791:
21789:
21788:
21780:
21772:
21765:
21763:
21746:
21745:
21743:
21742:
21734:
21726:
21712:
21701:
21699:
21681:
21680:
21678:
21677:
21669:
21661:
21653:
21645:
21639:
21629:
21618:
21616:
21598:
21597:
21595:
21594:
21586:
21578:
21571:
21569:
21559:Constantinople
21551:
21550:
21548:
21547:
21534:
21532:
21512:
21492:
21474:
21473:
21467:italic blue =
21420:
21417:
21416:
21405:
21404:
21397:
21390:
21382:
21373:
21372:
21370:
21369:
21359:
21352:
21349:
21348:
21346:
21345:
21340:
21335:
21330:
21329:
21328:
21323:
21318:
21308:
21302:
21300:
21296:
21295:
21292:
21291:
21289:
21288:
21283:
21276:
21269:
21262:
21257:
21256:
21255:
21250:
21245:
21240:
21235:
21227:
21225:Aquileian Rite
21222:
21216:
21214:
21210:
21209:
21206:
21205:
21203:
21202:
21197:
21195:Dominican Rite
21192:
21187:
21182:
21180:Carmelite Rite
21177:
21171:
21169:
21160:
21159:
21158:
21157:
21152:
21147:
21146:
21145:
21135:
21124:
21122:Mozarabic Rite
21119:
21114:
21112:Ambrosian Rite
21108:
21106:
21099:
21089:
21088:
21086:
21085:
21084:
21083:
21072:
21070:
21064:
21063:
21060:
21059:
21057:
21056:
21050:
21047:Pope Gregory I
21044:
21038:
21032:
21030:Pope Damasus I
21027:
21021:
21015:
21010:
21004:
21002:
21000:Church Fathers
20996:
20995:
20993:
20992:
20991:
20990:
20980:
20979:
20978:
20968:
20967:
20966:
20956:
20955:
20954:
20944:
20943:
20942:
20937:
20926:
20924:
20922:Apostolic sees
20915:
20914:
20909:
20904:
20899:
20894:
20889:
20884:
20879:
20874:
20872:Western Schism
20869:
20864:
20859:
20854:
20849:
20844:
20839:
20834:
20833:
20832:
20827:
20817:
20811:
20809:
20803:
20802:
20799:
20798:
20796:
20795:
20789:
20783:
20777:
20771:
20768:Constantinople
20765:
20759:
20753:
20746:
20744:
20740:
20739:
20737:
20736:
20727:
20718:
20709:
20700:
20671:
20669:
20662:
20650:
20649:
20642:
20641:
20634:
20627:
20619:
20610:
20609:
20607:
20606:
20594:
20581:
20578:
20577:
20575:
20574:
20569:
20568:
20567:
20562:
20552:
20547:
20542:
20537:
20529:
20527:
20523:
20522:
20519:
20518:
20515:
20514:
20512:
20511:
20506:
20501:
20495:
20493:
20484:
20483:
20474:
20468:
20467:
20466:
20463:
20457:
20454:
20445:
20443:
20437:
20436:
20433:
20432:
20430:
20429:
20428:
20427:
20419:
20413:
20408:
20403:
20398:
20395:
20390:
20384:
20380:Palace of the
20377:
20375:
20365:
20364:
20362:
20361:
20356:
20351:
20346:
20343:
20342:
20341:
20331:
20326:
20321:
20316:
20311:
20306:
20301:
20296:
20295:
20294:
20289:
20284:
20273:
20268:
20267:
20266:
20263:
20258:
20253:
20246:Lateran Palace
20242:
20235:
20234:
20232:
20231:
20226:
20221:
20216:
20210:
20208:
20198:
20197:
20189:
20178:
20175:territoriality
20162:
20161:
20158:
20157:
20154:
20153:
20151:
20150:
20145:
20140:
20135:
20130:
20125:
20120:
20115:
20110:
20105:
20099:
20097:
20091:
20090:
20088:
20087:
20082:
20076:
20074:
20068:
20067:
20065:
20064:
20059:
20054:
20049:
20044:
20039:
20037:Velletri-Segni
20034:
20028:
20026:
20017:
19996:Ecclesiastical
19992:
19991:
19989:
19988:
19983:
19978:
19972:
19970:
19961:
19952:full communion
19936:
19935:
19932:
19931:
19929:
19928:
19927:
19926:
19916:
19915:
19914:
19904:
19903:
19902:
19895:European Union
19892:
19891:
19890:
19889:
19888:
19876:United Nations
19873:
19868:
19867:
19866:
19856:
19851:
19845:
19843:
19831:
19830:
19828:
19827:
19826:
19825:
19820:
19815:
19810:
19809:
19808:
19798:
19787:
19785:
19779:
19778:
19776:
19775:
19774:
19773:
19771:Papal conclave
19763:
19757:
19755:
19749:
19748:
19746:
19745:
19744:
19743:
19738:
19728:
19726:Pietro Parolin
19720:
19711:
19709:
19700:
19676:
19675:
19673:
19672:
19667:
19662:
19661:
19660:
19658:Lateran Treaty
19650:
19645:
19638:
19633:
19628:
19627:
19626:
19624:Temporal power
19616:
19614:Avignon Papacy
19611:
19606:
19601:
19596:
19595:
19594:
19587:Lateran Palace
19584:
19579:
19574:
19569:
19564:
19558:
19556:
19550:
19549:
19547:
19546:
19537:
19528:
19504:
19501:
19500:
19493:
19492:
19485:
19478:
19470:
19461:
19460:
19458:
19457:
19445:
19432:
19429:
19428:
19426:
19425:
19420:
19414:
19408:
19403:
19397:
19395:
19391:
19390:
19387:
19386:
19384:
19383:
19378:
19373:
19367:
19365:
19361:
19360:
19358:
19357:
19351:
19349:
19343:
19342:
19339:
19338:
19336:
19335:
19330:
19323:
19322:
19321:
19314:
19302:
19297:
19296:
19295:
19290:
19285:
19275:
19274:
19273:
19262:
19260:
19251:
19250:
19245:
19240:
19239:
19238:
19228:
19227:
19226:
19216:
19211:
19206:
19204:Climate Forest
19201:
19200:
19199:
19189:
19184:
19183:
19182:
19177:
19166:
19160:
19154:
19153:
19150:
19149:
19147:
19146:
19145:
19144:
19139:
19128:
19126:
19125:Infrastructure
19122:
19121:
19119:
19118:
19113:
19108:
19107:
19106:
19105:
19104:
19097:Poste Vaticane
19094:
19087:Communications
19084:
19079:
19073:
19067:
19061:
19060:
19057:
19056:
19054:
19053:
19047:
19042:
19036:
19034:
19028:
19027:
19025:
19024:
19023:
19022:
19017:
19012:
19007:
19006:
19005:
18995:
18984:
18982:
18976:
18975:
18973:
18972:
18970:Pietro Parolin
18964:
18955:
18953:
18949:
18948:
18946:
18945:
18944:
18939:
18929:
18924:
18919:
18914:
18908:
18902:
18901:
18898:
18897:
18895:
18894:
18889:
18884:
18879:
18874:
18869:
18868:
18867:
18862:
18857:
18847:
18842:
18837:
18836:
18835:
18823:
18818:
18813:
18808:
18807:
18806:
18801:
18791:
18786:
18785:
18784:
18774:
18769:
18764:
18758:
18755:
18754:
18752:
18751:
18746:
18741:
18736:
18731:
18726:
18721:
18716:
18714:Pio-Clementino
18711:
18706:
18701:
18695:
18693:
18687:
18686:
18684:
18683:
18682:
18681:
18676:
18671:
18664:Sistine Chapel
18661:
18656:
18651:
18646:
18641:
18636:
18635:
18634:
18622:
18617:
18612:
18606:
18604:
18598:
18597:
18594:
18593:
18591:
18590:
18585:
18580:
18579:
18578:
18573:
18568:
18558:
18551:
18546:
18540:
18538:
18529:
18527:Major basilica
18516:
18510:
18509:
18507:
18506:
18501:
18496:
18491:
18489:Lateran Treaty
18486:
18481:
18476:
18471:
18470:
18469:
18459:
18457:Circus of Nero
18454:
18447:
18441:
18439:
18433:
18432:
18430:
18429:
18424:
18423:
18422:
18408:
18407:
18406:
18396:
18391:
18385:
18382:
18381:
18370:
18369:
18362:
18355:
18347:
18338:
18337:
18335:
18334:
18324:
18311:
18308:
18307:
18305:
18304:
18299:
18294:
18289:
18286:
18280:
18275:
18270:
18265:
18260:
18255:
18250:
18244:
18242:
18236:
18235:
18233:
18232:
18227:
18222:
18217:
18215:Legion of Mary
18212:
18207:
18202:
18197:
18192:
18187:
18182:
18177:
18172:
18167:
18166:
18165:
18164:
18163:
18153:
18152:
18151:
18144:Lay Carmelites
18141:
18131:
18130:
18129:
18124:
18119:
18114:
18103:
18101:
18093:
18092:
18090:
18089:
18084:
18079:
18074:
18069:
18064:
18059:
18054:
18049:
18044:
18039:
18034:
18029:
18024:
18019:
18014:
18009:
18004:
17999:
17994:
17992:Conceptionists
17989:
17984:
17979:
17974:
17969:
17964:
17959:
17954:
17949:
17944:
17939:
17934:
17929:
17927:Assumptionists
17923:
17921:
17906:
17905:
17903:
17902:
17895:
17888:
17881:
17878:
17877:
17876:
17871:
17866:
17856:
17850:
17848:
17842:
17841:
17839:
17838:
17833:
17828:
17825:
17820:
17815:
17810:
17805:
17800:
17795:
17794:
17793:
17783:
17778:
17773:
17772:
17771:
17760:
17758:
17752:
17751:
17748:
17747:
17745:
17744:
17743:
17742:
17741:
17740:
17735:
17730:
17725:
17715:
17710:
17705:
17695:
17694:
17693:
17692:
17691:
17681:
17676:
17671:
17666:
17661:
17650:
17648:
17642:
17641:
17639:
17638:
17637:
17636:
17631:
17629:Syro-Malankara
17626:
17621:
17616:
17611:
17606:
17601:
17596:
17591:
17586:
17581:
17579:Italo-Albanian
17576:
17571:
17566:
17561:
17556:
17551:
17546:
17541:
17536:
17531:
17526:
17521:
17511:
17505:
17503:
17493:
17492:
17490:
17489:
17488:
17487:
17482:
17477:
17467:
17462:
17461:
17460:
17450:
17449:
17448:
17443:
17433:
17428:
17427:
17426:
17421:
17416:
17411:
17397:
17390:
17388:
17382:
17381:
17379:
17378:
17373:
17368:
17363:
17362:
17361:
17356:
17351:
17346:
17341:
17336:
17331:
17326:
17321:
17316:
17306:
17305:
17304:
17299:
17288:
17286:
17275:
17274:
17272:
17271:
17266:
17261:
17256:
17251:
17249:Lateran Treaty
17246:
17241:
17236:
17230:
17228:
17222:
17221:
17219:
17218:
17213:
17208:
17207:
17206:
17196:
17195:
17194:
17189:
17175:
17170:
17161:
17159:
17144:
17118:
17117:
17115:
17114:
17109:
17104:
17099:
17094:
17089:
17084:
17079:
17074:
17069:
17068:
17067:
17062:
17051:
17049:
17043:
17042:
17040:
17039:
17038:
17037:
17032:
17022:
17021:
17020:
17010:
17007:
17002:
16997:
16992:
16987:
16985:Moral theology
16982:
16976:
16974:
16968:
16967:
16964:
16963:
16961:
16960:
16955:
16952:
16947:
16942:
16937:
16932:
16927:
16922:
16917:
16911:
16909:
16903:
16902:
16900:
16899:
16894:
16889:
16888:
16887:
16877:
16872:
16867:
16862:
16856:
16854:
16848:
16847:
16845:
16844:
16839:
16832:
16827:
16822:
16815:
16810:
16809:
16808:
16803:
16793:
16788:
16783:
16775:
16773:
16767:
16766:
16764:
16763:
16758:
16757:
16756:
16749:
16744:
16736:
16731:
16726:
16721:
16716:
16711:
16706:
16701:
16696:
16691:
16686:
16685:
16684:
16679:
16668:
16666:
16659:
16637:
16636:
16633:
16632:
16630:
16629:
16624:
16619:
16614:
16609:
16604:
16599:
16594:
16589:
16584:
16583:
16582:
16581:
16580:
16570:
16559:
16557:
16551:
16550:
16548:
16547:
16542:
16537:
16532:
16527:
16522:
16517:
16512:
16507:
16502:
16500:Pope Gregory I
16497:
16491:
16489:
16483:
16482:
16480:
16479:
16474:
16472:Biblical canon
16469:
16467:Late antiquity
16464:
16463:
16462:
16457:
16447:
16442:
16436:
16434:
16428:
16427:
16425:
16424:
16423:
16422:
16412:
16411:
16410:
16403:Church fathers
16400:
16399:
16398:
16393:
16383:
16382:
16381:
16376:
16371:
16366:
16355:
16353:
16344:
16337:Ecclesiastical
16324:
16323:
16321:
16320:
16315:
16310:
16305:
16299:
16296:
16295:
16288:
16287:
16280:
16273:
16265:
16256:
16255:
16253:
16252:
16240:
16227:
16224:
16223:
16221:
16220:
16219:
16218:
16216:Western Schism
16208:
16203:
16198:
16193:
16188:
16183:
16178:
16177:
16176:
16174:Major Seminary
16166:
16165:
16164:
16154:
16149:
16144:
16143:
16142:
16133:Papal nobility
16129:
16127:
16123:
16122:
16120:
16119:
16114:
16109:
16104:
16103:
16102:
16097:
16092:
16087:
16086:
16085:
16075:
16065:
16064:
16063:
16058:
16047:
16045:
16041:
16040:
16038:
16037:
16032:
16027:
16022:
16017:
16012:
16007:
16006:
16005:
15995:
15990:
15981:
15975:
15973:
15967:
15966:
15964:
15963:
15958:
15953:
15947:
15945:
15944:Transportation
15941:
15940:
15938:
15937:
15932:
15931:
15930:
15920:
15918:Sub-cinctorium
15915:
15914:
15913:
15903:
15898:
15893:
15888:
15883:
15878:
15873:
15868:
15863:
15858:
15852:
15850:
15844:
15843:
15841:
15840:
15835:
15834:
15833:
15823:
15818:
15813:
15808:
15803:
15802:
15801:
15791:
15790:
15789:
15782:
15770:
15769:
15768:
15757:
15755:
15751:
15750:
15748:
15747:
15742:
15737:
15732:
15727:
15726:
15725:
15715:
15710:
15704:
15702:
15698:
15697:
15695:
15694:
15689:
15684:
15679:
15677:Keys of Heaven
15674:
15669:
15664:
15658:
15656:
15650:
15649:
15647:
15646:
15641:
15636:
15631:
15626:
15621:
15616:
15611:
15606:
15604:Bishop of Rome
15601:
15595:
15593:
15581:
15580:
15578:
15577:
15572:
15567:
15562:
15556:
15554:
15548:
15547:
15545:
15544:
15534:
15528:
15527:
15526:
15524:Sistine Chapel
15521:
15511:
15504:
15502:
15498:
15497:
15494:
15493:
15490:
15489:
15487:
15486:
15477:
15476:
15475:
15472:Lateran Treaty
15455:
15453:
15434:
15433:
15432:
15431:
15430:
15429:
15400:
15398:
15395:Full communion
15383:
15377:
15376:
15363:
15360:
15359:
15352:
15351:
15344:
15337:
15329:
15320:
15319:
15317:
15316:
15304:
15291:
15288:
15287:
15284:
15283:
15281:
15280:
15279:
15278:
15272:
15260:
15257:Roman Question
15254:
15248:
15247:(c. 1640–1740)
15242:
15239:Baroque Papacy
15236:
15230:
15223:
15221:
15215:
15214:
15212:
15211:
15208:Western Schism
15205:
15202:Avignon Papacy
15199:
15198:
15197:
15191:
15185:
15176:
15170:
15163:
15161:
15155:
15154:
15152:
15151:
15148:Crescentii era
15145:
15137:
15131:
15125:
15119:
15118:
15117:
15104:
15102:
15091:
15085:
15084:
15082:
15081:
15076:
15071:
15066:
15061:
15056:
15051:
15046:
15041:
15036:
15031:
15026:
15021:
15016:
15011:
15006:
15001:
14996:
14991:
14986:
14981:
14976:
14971:
14966:
14961:
14956:
14954:Alexander VIII
14951:
14946:
14941:
14936:
14931:
14926:
14921:
14916:
14911:
14905:
14903:
14899:
14898:
14896:
14895:
14890:
14885:
14880:
14875:
14870:
14865:
14860:
14855:
14850:
14845:
14840:
14835:
14830:
14825:
14820:
14815:
14810:
14805:
14800:
14795:
14790:
14785:
14780:
14775:
14770:
14765:
14760:
14755:
14750:
14745:
14740:
14735:
14730:
14725:
14720:
14715:
14710:
14705:
14700:
14695:
14690:
14685:
14680:
14675:
14670:
14665:
14660:
14655:
14650:
14645:
14640:
14635:
14630:
14625:
14619:
14617:
14613:
14612:
14610:
14609:
14604:
14599:
14594:
14589:
14584:
14579:
14574:
14569:
14564:
14559:
14554:
14549:
14544:
14539:
14534:
14529:
14524:
14519:
14514:
14509:
14504:
14499:
14494:
14489:
14484:
14479:
14474:
14469:
14464:
14459:
14454:
14449:
14444:
14439:
14434:
14429:
14424:
14419:
14414:
14409:
14404:
14399:
14394:
14389:
14384:
14379:
14374:
14369:
14364:
14359:
14354:
14349:
14344:
14339:
14337:Anastasius III
14334:
14329:
14324:
14319:
14314:
14309:
14304:
14299:
14294:
14289:
14284:
14279:
14274:
14269:
14264:
14259:
14254:
14249:
14244:
14239:
14234:
14229:
14224:
14218:
14216:
14212:
14211:
14209:
14208:
14203:
14198:
14193:
14188:
14183:
14178:
14173:
14168:
14163:
14158:
14153:
14148:
14143:
14138:
14133:
14128:
14123:
14118:
14113:
14108:
14103:
14098:
14093:
14088:
14083:
14078:
14073:
14068:
14063:
14058:
14053:
14048:
14043:
14038:
14033:
14028:
14023:
14018:
14013:
14008:
14003:
13998:
13993:
13988:
13983:
13978:
13973:
13968:
13963:
13958:
13953:
13948:
13943:
13938:
13933:
13928:
13922:
13920:
13916:
13915:
13913:
13912:
13907:
13902:
13897:
13892:
13887:
13882:
13877:
13872:
13867:
13862:
13857:
13852:
13847:
13842:
13837:
13832:
13827:
13822:
13817:
13812:
13807:
13802:
13797:
13792:
13787:
13782:
13777:
13772:
13767:
13762:
13757:
13752:
13747:
13742:
13737:
13732:
13727:
13722:
13716:
13714:
13710:
13709:
13707:
13706:
13701:
13700:
13699:
13689:
13684:
13683:
13682:
13677:
13669:
13664:
13663:
13662:
13657:
13646:
13643:
13642:
13631:
13630:
13623:
13616:
13608:
13602:
13601:
13595:
13589:
13583:
13573:
13568:
13561:
13560:External links
13558:
13557:
13556:
13550:
13534:
13528:
13513:
13507:
13492:
13475:
13452:
13449:
13447:
13446:
13412:
13390:
13384:
13372:Orlandis, José
13368:
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13324:
13306:
13286:
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13239:
13222:
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12818:
12800:
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12711:
12689:
12656:
12620:
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12531:
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12413:
12390:
12359:
12333:
12314:
12294:
12267:
12236:
12197:
12158:
12151:
12133:
12102:
12071:
12048:
12029:
12026:Avignon Papacy
12017:
12005:
11979:
11964:. Vatican.va.
11949:
11940:
11931:
11922:
11913:
11892:Latin original
11879:
11875:Pope Eugene IV
11859:Pope Julius II
11851:Pope Adrian VI
11822:
11792:
11761:
11735:
11709:
11679:
11662:educalingo.com
11649:
11619:
11589:
11551:
11521:
11499:
11484:. Vatican.va.
11473:
11450:
11424:
11405:
11373:
11366:
11336:
11319:
11289:
11263:
11240:
11108:
11070:
11054:
11043:on 21 May 2013
11025:
11012:, ed. (1875).
11010:Smith, William
10998:
10985:, reviewed in
10962:
10930:
10915:. Clerus.org.
10900:
10874:
10855:
10835:
10805:
10786:
10766:
10745:
10733:
10718:. New Advent.
10703:
10688:. New Advent.
10673:
10654:
10631:
10608:
10606:), pp. 37, 85.
10580:
10552:
10541:
10511:
10485:
10459:
10432:
10400:
10377:
10357:
10326:
10300:
10290:
10257:
10227:
10214:
10184:
10154:
10123:
10093:
10081:
10013:
9993:
9970:
9947:
9920:
9897:
9875:
9856:
9843:
9839:Ncronline.com.
9820:
9798:
9772:
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9690:
9664:
9652:
9641:
9630:
9619:
9608:
9578:
9545:
9526:
9507:
9488:
9459:Henry, Matthew
9450:
9421:Scofield, C. I
9412:
9370:
9332:
9298:
9260:
9249:
9238:
9227:
9197:
9167:
9137:
9108:
9078:
9048:
9016:
8987:
8957:
8925:
8906:
8886:
8853:
8833:
8814:
8794:
8764:
8747:Church Fathers
8734:
8721:
8692:
8685:
8661:
8642:
8622:
8603:
8583:
8553:
8540:
8528:
8513:
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8480:
8459:
8433:
8411:
8389:
8372:
8360:
8343:
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8303:
8286:
8267:
8243:
8220:
8200:
8179:
8154:
8141:
8111:
8099:
8087:
8075:
8066:
8057:
8033:
8021:
8014:
8001:A New Eusebius
7990:
7983:
7956:
7940:
7926:
7886:
7860:
7851:
7836:. New Advent.
7821:
7814:
7801:A New Eusebius
7790:
7783:
7756:
7741:. Vatican.va.
7726:
7717:
7691:
7682:
7669:
7662:
7644:
7637:
7619:
7612:
7594:
7587:
7569:
7562:
7544:
7531:
7525:
7498:
7455:
7425:
7395:
7365:
7362:on 4 May 2005.
7347:
7328:
7305:
7287:". Chapter 8:
7276:
7250:
7225:
7199:
7181:
7151:
7116:
7109:
7085:
7058:
7044:
7043:
7041:
7038:
7035:
7034:
7013:
7004:
6979:
6966:
6943:
6933:
6932:
6930:
6927:
6925:
6924:
6919:
6914:
6909:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6892:Papal slippers
6889:
6884:
6879:
6874:
6869:
6864:
6859:
6854:
6849:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6781:
6780:
6774:
6768:
6758:
6752:
6746:
6740:
6734:
6728:
6722:
6703:Pope Urban VII
6695:
6692:
6680:
6679:
6673:
6667:
6661:
6655:
6649:
6643:
6637:
6631:
6625:
6596:
6593:
6591:
6588:
6582:in Spain. The
6563:
6560:
6508:
6505:
6484:
6481:
6472:
6469:
6455:Western Schism
6446:
6443:
6315:abuse of power
6279:Main article:
6276:
6273:
6268:ultramontanism
6234:
6231:
6203:
6200:
6124:Main article:
6121:
6118:
5954:
5953:
5944:
5940:
5939:
5936:
5932:
5931:
5926:
5922:
5921:
5916:
5912:
5911:
5906:
5902:
5901:
5896:
5892:
5891:
5888:
5880:
5879:
5869:Main article:
5866:
5865:Political role
5863:
5855:cardinal vicar
5795:
5792:
5774:
5773:
5771:
5770:
5763:
5756:
5748:
5745:
5744:
5743:
5742:
5730:
5718:
5713:
5705:
5704:
5701:
5700:
5692:
5687:
5685:Sistine Chapel
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5646:
5641:
5640:
5637:
5636:
5633:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5590:Circus of Nero
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
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5512:
5507:
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5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5430:Lateran Palace
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
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5337:
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5296:
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5271:
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5254:
5249:
5243:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5233:
5230:
5229:
5228:
5227:
5217:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5196:
5195:
5184:
5181:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5173:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5111:
5106:
5105:
5102:
5101:
5098:
5097:
5090:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5072:
5071:
5066:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5056:
5050:
5048:Paul Gallagher
5039:
5038:
5037:
5035:Lateran Treaty
5027:
5022:
5017:
5011:
5006:
5005:
5002:
5001:
4998:
4997:
4992:
4991:
4990:
4980:
4979:
4978:
4976:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4956:
4951:
4950:
4949:
4939:Papal conclave
4936:
4931:
4930:
4929:
4924:
4914:
4913:
4912:
4902:
4901:
4900:
4889:
4884:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4873:
4870:
4863:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4851:
4850:
4849:
4843:
4836:
4831:
4830:
4829:
4824:
4809:
4808:
4807:
4797:
4796:
4795:
4785:
4784:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4748:
4743:
4742:
4741:
4738:Pietro Parolin
4732:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4681:
4673:
4663:
4662:
4661:
4656:
4647:
4645:
4635:
4630:
4624:
4619:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4611:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4589:
4588:
4578:
4573:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4552:
4551:
4542:
4528:
4526:Lateran Treaty
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4500:
4495:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4450:
4449:
4444:
4429:
4426:Lateran Treaty
4423:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4414:Roman Question
4410:" (1870–1929)
4404:
4398:
4397:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4375:
4369:
4362:
4357:
4356:
4353:
4352:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4335:
4334:
4323:
4320:
4257:
4254:
4201:
4198:
4195:
4194:
4175:
4173:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4122:
4121:Papal garments
4119:
4051:
4050:
4008:
3996:
3985:Main article:
3982:
3979:
3957:
3950:
3949:
3948:
3940:
3933:
3932:
3931:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3901:
3898:
3859:Main article:
3856:
3853:
3820:
3817:
3699:ἱεροδιδάσκαλος
3650:
3647:
3627:Saint Boniface
3615:vicarius Petri
3553:
3550:
3538:Constantinople
3499:Roman Province
3457:Main article:
3454:
3451:
3442:
3439:
3436:
3435:
3427:
3423:
3422:
3419:
3415:
3414:
3411:
3407:
3406:
3401:
3395:
3394:
3386:
3385:
3370:
3367:
3347:Main article:
3344:
3341:
3268:
3265:
3172:Christian name
3040:Sistine Chapel
2961:Papal conclave
2959:Main article:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2944:Matthew, 16:18
2941:
2927:
2915:Matthew, 16:19
2912:
2898:
2890:Book of Isaiah
2880:, Vatican City
2878:Sistine Chapel
2850:
2847:
2825:
2824:
2821:Feed my sheep.
2813:
2802:
2766:
2763:
2756:
2729:the bishop of
2716:
2697:
2665:
2642:Church History
2619:
2616:
2609:
2581:
2558:
2481:
2468:Pope Cornelius
2446:
2445:Church Fathers
2443:
2435:
2432:
2392:Lateran Treaty
2345:initiated the
2308:
2305:
2301:Constantinople
2297:Ottoman Empire
2277:Western Schism
2220:Avignon Papacy
2182:Western Schism
2173:
2170:
2092:Abbey of Cluny
2046:Lateran Palace
1952: 540–604
1945:Pope Gregory I
1930:Carlo Saraceni
1926: 540–604
1914:
1911:
1901:, king of the
1860:Constantius II
1848:trinitarianism
1838:. In 325, the
1832:Edict of Milan
1821:
1818:
1794:Quartodecimans
1784:
1734:James the Just
1715:
1705:
1635:
1632:
1566:Main article:
1563:
1560:
1555:Main article:
1552:
1549:
1450:Lateran Treaty
1424:is called the
1407:Keys of Heaven
1340:bishop of Rome
1295:
1294:
1292:
1291:
1284:
1277:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1174:Protosyncellus
1171:
1166:
1161:
1159:Promotor Fidei
1156:
1154:Prince-provost
1151:
1149:Prince-primate
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
992:
991:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
920:
917:
916:
913:
912:
909:
908:
907:
906:
898:
897:
896:
891:
889:Judicial vicar
881:
876:
875:
874:
869:
864:
862:Servant of God
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
833:
832:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
801:
800:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
769:
768:
763:
753:
752:
751:
746:
745:
744:
739:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
693:
692:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
661:
660:
655:
645:
640:
635:
629:
626:
625:
622:
621:
618:
617:
612:
607:
602:
596:
593:
592:
589:
588:
587:
586:
581:
576:
575:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
547:Titular bishop
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
509:
508:
507:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
426:
425:
420:
415:
410:
408:Cardinal Vicar
400:
399:
398:
385:
384:
373:
372:
367:
359:
358:
350:
349:
341:
340:
328:
327:
324:
320:
319:
316:
312:
311:
306:
300:
299:
291:
290:
274:
273:
267:
266:
262:
261:
256:
252:
251:
246:
242:
241:
236:
232:
231:
226:
222:
221:
216:
212:
211:
206:
202:
201:
197:
196:
195:, Vatican City
190:
186:
185:
183:
182:
176:
169:
167:
163:
162:
157:
151:
150:
146:
145:
140:
134:
133:
117:
116:
113:
105:
104:
98:
90:
89:
86:
85:
81:
80:
77:
76:
73:
64:
60:Bishop of Rome
59:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
23296:
23285:
23282:
23280:
23277:
23275:
23272:
23270:
23267:
23265:
23262:
23260:
23257:
23255:
23252:
23250:
23247:
23245:
23242:
23240:
23237:
23236:
23234:
23224:
23214:
23212:
23202:
23201:
23198:
23185:
23180:
23175:
23174:
23171:
23165:
23164:
23160:
23159:
23157:
23153:
23147:
23144:
23142:
23139:
23135:
23132:
23131:
23130:
23127:
23125:
23122:
23120:
23117:
23115:
23112:
23110:
23109:
23105:
23103:
23100:
23098:
23095:
23093:
23090:
23088:
23085:
23083:
23080:
23079:
23077:
23073:
23067:
23064:
23060:
23057:
23056:
23055:
23052:
23050:
23047:
23045:
23042:
23040:
23039:
23035:
23033:
23030:
23028:
23025:
23023:
23020:
23018:
23015:
23013:
23012:
23008:
23006:
23003:
23002:
23000:
22994:
22988:
22985:
22983:
22980:
22978:
22975:
22973:
22970:
22968:
22965:
22963:
22960:
22958:
22955:
22953:
22950:
22948:
22945:
22943:
22940:
22938:
22935:
22933:
22930:
22928:
22925:
22924:
22922:
22918:
22914:
22907:
22902:
22900:
22895:
22893:
22888:
22887:
22884:
22871:
22868:
22865:
22864:
22861:
22851:
22848:
22847:
22845:
22841:
22835:
22834:South Ossetia
22832:
22830:
22827:
22825:
22822:
22820:
22817:
22816:
22814:
22810:
22804:
22801:
22799:
22796:
22794:
22791:
22789:
22786:
22784:
22781:
22779:
22776:
22774:
22771:
22769:
22766:
22764:
22761:
22759:
22756:
22754:
22751:
22749:
22746:
22744:
22741:
22739:
22736:
22734:
22731:
22729:
22726:
22724:
22721:
22719:
22716:
22714:
22711:
22709:
22706:
22704:
22701:
22699:
22696:
22694:
22691:
22689:
22686:
22684:
22683:Liechtenstein
22681:
22679:
22676:
22674:
22671:
22669:
22666:
22664:
22661:
22659:
22656:
22654:
22651:
22649:
22646:
22644:
22641:
22639:
22636:
22634:
22631:
22629:
22626:
22624:
22621:
22619:
22616:
22614:
22611:
22609:
22606:
22604:
22601:
22599:
22596:
22594:
22591:
22589:
22586:
22584:
22581:
22579:
22576:
22574:
22571:
22569:
22566:
22564:
22561:
22559:
22556:
22554:
22551:
22550:
22548:
22546:and observers
22542:
22539:
22537:
22531:
22521:
22518:
22517:
22515:
22511:
22505:
22504:South Ossetia
22502:
22500:
22497:
22495:
22492:
22490:
22487:
22486:
22484:
22480:
22474:
22471:
22469:
22466:
22464:
22461:
22459:
22456:
22454:
22451:
22449:
22446:
22444:
22441:
22439:
22436:
22434:
22431:
22429:
22426:
22424:
22421:
22419:
22416:
22414:
22411:
22409:
22406:
22404:
22401:
22399:
22396:
22394:
22391:
22389:
22386:
22384:
22381:
22379:
22376:
22374:
22371:
22369:
22366:
22364:
22361:
22359:
22356:
22354:
22353:Liechtenstein
22351:
22349:
22346:
22344:
22341:
22339:
22336:
22334:
22331:
22329:
22326:
22324:
22321:
22319:
22316:
22314:
22311:
22309:
22306:
22304:
22301:
22299:
22296:
22294:
22291:
22289:
22286:
22284:
22281:
22279:
22276:
22274:
22271:
22269:
22266:
22264:
22261:
22259:
22256:
22254:
22251:
22249:
22246:
22244:
22241:
22239:
22236:
22234:
22231:
22229:
22226:
22224:
22221:
22220:
22218:
22216:and observers
22212:
22209:
22207:
22201:
22192:
22187:
22185:
22180:
22178:
22173:
22172:
22169:
22157:
22152:
22147:
22146:
22143:
22137:
22136:Episcopal see
22134:
22132:
22129:
22128:
22126:
22122:
22115:
22110:
22107:
22104:
22101:
22096:
22093:
22090:
22089:
22087:
22081:
22077:
22070:
22069:
22065:
22062:
22059:
22056:
22055:
22051:
22048:
22047:
22043:
22040:
22039:
22035:
22034:
22032:
22026:
22022:
22015:
22014:
22010:
22007:
22004:
22001:
21998:
21995:
21992:
21989:
21988:
21984:
21981:
21980:
21976:
21975:
21973:
21967:
21963:
21948:
21947:
21943:
21940:
21935:
21932:
21927:
21924:
21923:
21917:
21916:
21912:
21911:
21905:
21904:
21902:
21897:
21893:
21889:
21882:
21881:
21877:
21874:
21873:
21869:
21866:
21865:
21861:
21860:
21858:
21852:
21848:
21844:
21837:
21836:
21832:
21829:
21828:
21824:
21823:
21821:
21817:
21812:
21808:
21804:
21801:
21797:
21786:
21785:
21781:
21778:
21773:
21770:
21767:
21766:
21764:
21760:
21755:
21751:
21747:
21740:
21739:
21735:
21732:
21731:
21727:
21724:
21720:
21719:
21713:
21710:
21706:
21703:
21702:
21700:
21696:
21690:
21686:
21682:
21675:
21674:
21670:
21667:
21666:
21662:
21659:
21658:
21654:
21651:
21650:
21646:
21643:
21640:
21637:
21636:
21630:
21627:
21626:
21620:
21619:
21617:
21613:
21607:
21603:
21599:
21592:
21587:
21584:
21583:
21579:
21576:
21573:
21572:
21570:
21566:
21560:
21556:
21552:
21545:
21541:
21540:
21536:
21535:
21533:
21529:
21524:
21520:
21516:
21513:
21509:
21500:
21496:
21493:
21486:
21481:
21475:
21471:
21470:
21464:
21456:
21451:
21443:
21442:
21437:
21432:
21428:
21424:
21418:
21414:
21410:
21409:Patriarchates
21403:
21398:
21396:
21391:
21389:
21384:
21383:
21380:
21368:
21360:
21358:
21354:
21353:
21350:
21344:
21341:
21339:
21336:
21334:
21331:
21327:
21324:
21322:
21319:
21317:
21314:
21313:
21312:
21309:
21307:
21304:
21303:
21301:
21297:
21287:
21284:
21282:
21281:
21277:
21275:
21274:
21270:
21268:
21267:
21266:Missa Nautica
21263:
21261:
21260:Gallican Rite
21258:
21254:
21251:
21249:
21246:
21244:
21241:
21239:
21236:
21234:
21231:
21230:
21228:
21226:
21223:
21221:
21218:
21217:
21215:
21211:
21201:
21198:
21196:
21193:
21191:
21188:
21186:
21183:
21181:
21178:
21176:
21173:
21172:
21170:
21168:
21164:
21156:
21153:
21151:
21148:
21144:
21141:
21140:
21139:
21136:
21133:
21130:
21129:
21128:
21125:
21123:
21120:
21118:
21117:Rite of Braga
21115:
21113:
21110:
21109:
21107:
21103:
21100:
21098:
21094:
21090:
21082:
21079:
21078:
21077:
21074:
21073:
21071:
21069:
21065:
21054:
21051:
21048:
21045:
21042:
21039:
21036:
21033:
21031:
21028:
21025:
21022:
21019:
21016:
21014:
21011:
21009:
21006:
21005:
21003:
21001:
20997:
20989:
20986:
20985:
20984:
20981:
20977:
20974:
20973:
20972:
20969:
20965:
20962:
20961:
20960:
20957:
20953:
20950:
20949:
20948:
20945:
20941:
20938:
20936:
20933:
20932:
20931:
20928:
20927:
20925:
20923:
20919:
20913:
20910:
20908:
20905:
20903:
20900:
20898:
20895:
20893:
20890:
20888:
20885:
20883:
20880:
20878:
20875:
20873:
20870:
20868:
20865:
20863:
20862:Scholasticism
20860:
20858:
20855:
20853:
20850:
20848:
20845:
20843:
20840:
20838:
20837:First Martyrs
20835:
20831:
20828:
20826:
20825:Papal primacy
20823:
20822:
20821:
20818:
20816:
20813:
20812:
20810:
20808:
20804:
20793:
20790:
20787:
20784:
20781:
20778:
20775:
20772:
20769:
20766:
20763:
20760:
20757:
20754:
20751:
20748:
20747:
20745:
20741:
20735:
20731:
20728:
20726:
20722:
20719:
20717:
20713:
20710:
20708:
20704:
20701:
20697:
20693:
20692:
20687:
20684:
20680:
20676:
20673:
20672:
20670:
20666:
20663:
20660:
20655:
20654:Patriarchates
20651:
20647:
20640:
20635:
20633:
20628:
20626:
20621:
20620:
20617:
20605:
20600:
20595:
20593:
20583:
20582:
20579:
20573:
20570:
20566:
20563:
20561:
20558:
20557:
20556:
20553:
20551:
20550:Peter's Pence
20548:
20546:
20543:
20541:
20538:
20536:
20535:
20531:
20530:
20528:
20524:
20510:
20507:
20505:
20502:
20500:
20497:
20496:
20494:
20488:
20482:
20478:
20477:Vatican Radio
20475:
20473:
20469:
20464:
20462:
20458:
20455:
20452:
20451:
20450:
20447:
20446:
20444:
20438:
20426:
20423:
20422:
20420:
20418:
20414:
20412:
20409:
20407:
20404:
20402:
20399:
20396:
20394:
20391:
20389:
20385:
20383:
20382:Holy Apostles
20379:
20378:
20376:
20370:
20360:
20357:
20355:
20352:
20350:
20347:
20344:
20340:
20337:
20336:
20335:
20332:
20330:
20327:
20325:
20322:
20320:
20317:
20315:
20312:
20310:
20307:
20305:
20302:
20300:
20297:
20293:
20290:
20288:
20285:
20283:
20280:
20279:
20277:
20274:
20272:
20269:
20264:
20262:
20259:
20257:
20254:
20252:
20249:
20248:
20247:
20244:
20243:
20240:
20230:
20227:
20225:
20222:
20220:
20217:
20215:
20212:
20211:
20209:
20207:
20203:
20193:
20190:
20188:
20182:
20179:
20176:
20167:
20163:
20149:
20146:
20144:
20141:
20139:
20136:
20134:
20131:
20129:
20126:
20124:
20121:
20119:
20116:
20114:
20111:
20109:
20108:Anagni-Alatri
20106:
20104:
20101:
20100:
20098:
20096:
20092:
20086:
20083:
20081:
20078:
20077:
20075:
20073:
20069:
20063:
20060:
20058:
20055:
20053:
20050:
20048:
20045:
20043:
20040:
20038:
20035:
20033:
20030:
20029:
20027:
20025:
20021:
20018:
20014:
20009:
20005:
19999:
19993:
19987:
19984:
19982:
19979:
19977:
19974:
19973:
19971:
19969:
19965:
19962:
19958:
19957:Papal primacy
19953:
19949:
19943:
19937:
19925:
19922:
19921:
19920:
19917:
19913:
19910:
19909:
19908:
19905:
19901:
19898:
19897:
19896:
19893:
19887:
19884:
19883:
19882:
19879:
19878:
19877:
19874:
19872:
19869:
19865:
19862:
19861:
19860:
19857:
19855:
19852:
19850:
19847:
19846:
19844:
19841:
19836:
19832:
19824:
19821:
19819:
19818:Congregations
19816:
19814:
19811:
19807:
19804:
19803:
19802:
19799:
19797:
19794:
19793:
19792:
19789:
19788:
19786:
19784:
19780:
19772:
19769:
19768:
19767:
19764:
19762:
19759:
19758:
19756:
19754:
19750:
19742:
19739:
19737:
19734:
19733:
19732:
19729:
19727:
19724:
19721:
19719:
19716:
19713:
19712:
19710:
19708:
19704:
19701:
19697:
19692:
19689:international
19683:
19677:
19671:
19668:
19666:
19663:
19659:
19656:
19655:
19654:
19651:
19649:
19646:
19643:
19639:
19637:
19634:
19632:
19629:
19625:
19622:
19621:
19620:
19617:
19615:
19612:
19610:
19607:
19605:
19602:
19600:
19599:Duchy of Rome
19597:
19593:
19590:
19589:
19588:
19585:
19583:
19580:
19578:
19575:
19573:
19570:
19568:
19565:
19563:
19562:Apostolic see
19560:
19559:
19557:
19555:
19551:
19545:
19541:
19538:
19536:
19532:
19529:
19527:
19523:
19519:
19516:
19512:
19511:episcopal see
19509:
19506:
19505:
19502:
19498:
19491:
19486:
19484:
19479:
19477:
19472:
19471:
19468:
19456:
19451:
19446:
19444:
19434:
19433:
19430:
19424:
19421:
19418:
19415:
19412:
19409:
19407:
19404:
19402:
19399:
19398:
19396:
19392:
19382:
19379:
19377:
19374:
19372:
19369:
19368:
19366:
19362:
19356:
19353:
19352:
19350:
19348:
19344:
19334:
19331:
19329:
19328:
19324:
19320:
19319:
19315:
19313:
19312:
19308:
19307:
19306:
19303:
19301:
19298:
19294:
19291:
19289:
19288:Vatican Radio
19286:
19284:
19281:
19280:
19279:
19278:Vatican Media
19276:
19272:
19269:
19268:
19267:
19264:
19263:
19261:
19259:
19255:
19249:
19246:
19244:
19241:
19237:
19234:
19233:
19232:
19229:
19225:
19222:
19221:
19220:
19217:
19215:
19212:
19210:
19207:
19205:
19202:
19198:
19195:
19194:
19193:
19190:
19188:
19185:
19181:
19178:
19176:
19173:
19172:
19171:
19168:
19167:
19164:
19161:
19159:
19155:
19143:
19140:
19138:
19135:
19134:
19133:
19130:
19129:
19127:
19123:
19117:
19114:
19112:
19109:
19103:
19100:
19099:
19098:
19095:
19093:
19090:
19089:
19088:
19085:
19083:
19080:
19078:
19075:
19074:
19071:
19068:
19066:
19062:
19052:
19048:
19046:
19043:
19041:
19038:
19037:
19035:
19033:
19029:
19021:
19018:
19016:
19015:Congregations
19013:
19011:
19008:
19004:
19001:
19000:
18999:
18996:
18994:
18991:
18990:
18989:
18986:
18985:
18983:
18981:
18977:
18971:
18968:
18965:
18963:
18960:
18957:
18956:
18954:
18950:
18943:
18940:
18938:
18935:
18934:
18933:
18930:
18928:
18927:Vicar General
18925:
18923:
18920:
18918:
18915:
18912:
18909:
18907:
18903:
18893:
18890:
18888:
18885:
18883:
18880:
18878:
18875:
18873:
18870:
18866:
18863:
18861:
18858:
18856:
18853:
18852:
18851:
18848:
18846:
18843:
18841:
18838:
18834:
18833:
18829:
18828:
18827:
18824:
18822:
18819:
18817:
18814:
18812:
18809:
18805:
18802:
18800:
18797:
18796:
18795:
18792:
18790:
18787:
18783:
18780:
18779:
18778:
18775:
18773:
18770:
18768:
18767:Casina Pio IV
18765:
18763:
18760:
18759:
18750:
18747:
18745:
18742:
18740:
18737:
18735:
18734:Pio Cristiano
18732:
18730:
18727:
18725:
18722:
18720:
18717:
18715:
18712:
18710:
18707:
18705:
18702:
18700:
18697:
18696:
18694:
18692:
18688:
18680:
18679:Room of Tears
18677:
18675:
18672:
18670:
18667:
18666:
18665:
18662:
18660:
18657:
18655:
18652:
18650:
18647:
18645:
18644:Raphael Rooms
18642:
18640:
18637:
18633:
18632:
18628:
18627:
18626:
18623:
18621:
18618:
18616:
18613:
18611:
18608:
18607:
18605:
18603:
18599:
18589:
18586:
18584:
18581:
18577:
18574:
18572:
18569:
18567:
18564:
18563:
18562:
18559:
18557:
18556:
18552:
18550:
18547:
18545:
18542:
18541:
18539:
18537:
18533:
18530:
18528:
18524:
18520:
18517:
18515:
18511:
18505:
18502:
18500:
18499:Borgo Vecchio
18497:
18495:
18492:
18490:
18487:
18485:
18482:
18480:
18477:
18475:
18472:
18468:
18465:
18464:
18463:
18460:
18458:
18455:
18452:
18448:
18446:
18443:
18442:
18440:
18438:
18434:
18428:
18425:
18421:
18418:
18417:
18416:
18412:
18409:
18405:
18402:
18401:
18400:
18397:
18395:
18392:
18390:
18387:
18386:
18383:
18379:
18375:
18368:
18363:
18361:
18356:
18354:
18349:
18348:
18345:
18333:
18325:
18323:
18318:
18313:
18312:
18309:
18303:
18300:
18298:
18295:
18293:
18290:
18287:
18284:
18281:
18279:
18276:
18274:
18271:
18269:
18266:
18264:
18263:Home Missions
18261:
18259:
18256:
18254:
18251:
18249:
18246:
18245:
18243:
18241:
18237:
18231:
18228:
18226:
18223:
18221:
18218:
18216:
18213:
18211:
18208:
18206:
18203:
18201:
18198:
18196:
18193:
18191:
18188:
18186:
18183:
18181:
18178:
18176:
18173:
18171:
18168:
18162:
18159:
18158:
18157:
18156:Saint Francis
18154:
18150:
18147:
18146:
18145:
18142:
18140:
18139:Saint Dominic
18137:
18136:
18135:
18132:
18128:
18125:
18123:
18120:
18118:
18115:
18113:
18110:
18109:
18108:
18105:
18104:
18102:
18100:
18094:
18088:
18085:
18083:
18080:
18078:
18075:
18073:
18070:
18068:
18065:
18063:
18060:
18058:
18055:
18053:
18050:
18048:
18045:
18043:
18040:
18038:
18035:
18033:
18030:
18028:
18025:
18023:
18020:
18018:
18015:
18013:
18010:
18008:
18005:
18003:
18000:
17998:
17995:
17993:
17990:
17988:
17985:
17983:
17980:
17978:
17975:
17973:
17970:
17968:
17965:
17963:
17960:
17958:
17955:
17953:
17952:Bethlehemites
17950:
17948:
17945:
17943:
17940:
17938:
17935:
17933:
17930:
17928:
17925:
17924:
17922:
17920:
17916:
17911:
17907:
17901:
17900:
17896:
17894:
17893:
17889:
17887:
17886:
17882:
17879:
17875:
17874:Vatican Radio
17872:
17870:
17867:
17865:
17862:
17861:
17860:
17859:Vatican Media
17857:
17855:
17852:
17851:
17849:
17847:
17843:
17837:
17834:
17832:
17829:
17826:
17824:
17821:
17819:
17816:
17814:
17811:
17809:
17806:
17804:
17801:
17799:
17796:
17792:
17789:
17788:
17787:
17784:
17782:
17779:
17777:
17774:
17770:
17767:
17766:
17765:
17762:
17761:
17759:
17757:
17753:
17739:
17736:
17734:
17731:
17729:
17726:
17724:
17721:
17720:
17719:
17716:
17714:
17711:
17709:
17706:
17704:
17701:
17700:
17699:
17696:
17690:
17687:
17686:
17685:
17682:
17680:
17677:
17675:
17672:
17670:
17667:
17665:
17662:
17660:
17657:
17656:
17655:
17652:
17651:
17649:
17647:
17643:
17635:
17632:
17630:
17627:
17625:
17622:
17620:
17617:
17615:
17612:
17610:
17607:
17605:
17602:
17600:
17597:
17595:
17592:
17590:
17587:
17585:
17582:
17580:
17577:
17575:
17572:
17570:
17567:
17565:
17562:
17560:
17557:
17555:
17552:
17550:
17547:
17545:
17542:
17540:
17537:
17535:
17532:
17530:
17527:
17525:
17522:
17520:
17517:
17516:
17515:
17512:
17510:
17507:
17506:
17504:
17502:
17498:
17494:
17486:
17483:
17481:
17478:
17476:
17473:
17472:
17471:
17468:
17466:
17463:
17459:
17456:
17455:
17454:
17451:
17447:
17444:
17442:
17439:
17438:
17437:
17434:
17432:
17429:
17425:
17422:
17420:
17417:
17415:
17412:
17410:
17406:
17403:
17402:
17401:
17398:
17395:
17392:
17391:
17389:
17387:
17383:
17377:
17374:
17372:
17369:
17367:
17364:
17360:
17357:
17355:
17352:
17350:
17347:
17345:
17342:
17340:
17337:
17335:
17332:
17330:
17327:
17325:
17322:
17320:
17317:
17315:
17312:
17311:
17310:
17307:
17303:
17300:
17298:
17295:
17294:
17293:
17290:
17289:
17287:
17284:
17280:
17276:
17270:
17267:
17265:
17262:
17260:
17257:
17255:
17252:
17250:
17247:
17245:
17242:
17240:
17237:
17235:
17232:
17231:
17229:
17227:
17223:
17217:
17214:
17212:
17209:
17205:
17202:
17201:
17200:
17197:
17193:
17190:
17188:
17185:
17184:
17183:
17179:
17176:
17174:
17171:
17169:
17166:
17163:
17162:
17160:
17157:
17156:List of popes
17152:
17148:
17145:
17142:
17138:
17134:
17130:
17126:
17119:
17113:
17110:
17108:
17105:
17103:
17100:
17098:
17095:
17093:
17090:
17088:
17085:
17083:
17080:
17078:
17075:
17073:
17070:
17066:
17063:
17061:
17058:
17057:
17056:
17053:
17052:
17050:
17048:
17044:
17036:
17033:
17031:
17028:
17027:
17026:
17023:
17019:
17016:
17015:
17014:
17011:
17008:
17006:
17003:
17001:
16998:
16996:
16993:
16991:
16988:
16986:
16983:
16981:
16978:
16977:
16975:
16973:
16969:
16959:
16956:
16953:
16951:
16948:
16946:
16943:
16941:
16940:Mother of God
16938:
16936:
16933:
16931:
16928:
16926:
16923:
16921:
16918:
16916:
16913:
16912:
16910:
16908:
16904:
16898:
16895:
16893:
16890:
16886:
16883:
16882:
16881:
16878:
16876:
16873:
16871:
16868:
16866:
16863:
16861:
16858:
16857:
16855:
16853:
16849:
16843:
16840:
16838:
16837:
16833:
16831:
16828:
16826:
16825:People of God
16823:
16821:
16820:
16816:
16814:
16813:Infallibility
16811:
16807:
16804:
16802:
16799:
16798:
16797:
16794:
16792:
16789:
16787:
16784:
16782:
16781:
16777:
16776:
16774:
16772:
16768:
16762:
16759:
16755:
16754:
16750:
16748:
16745:
16743:
16740:
16739:
16737:
16735:
16732:
16730:
16727:
16725:
16722:
16720:
16717:
16715:
16712:
16710:
16707:
16705:
16702:
16700:
16697:
16695:
16692:
16690:
16689:Body and soul
16687:
16683:
16680:
16678:
16675:
16674:
16673:
16670:
16669:
16667:
16663:
16660:
16657:
16656:
16651:
16647:
16642:
16638:
16628:
16625:
16623:
16620:
16618:
16615:
16613:
16610:
16608:
16605:
16603:
16600:
16598:
16595:
16593:
16592:Enlightenment
16590:
16588:
16585:
16579:
16576:
16575:
16574:
16571:
16569:
16566:
16565:
16564:
16563:Protestantism
16561:
16560:
16558:
16556:
16552:
16546:
16543:
16541:
16540:Scholasticism
16538:
16536:
16533:
16531:
16528:
16526:
16525:Schism (1378)
16523:
16521:
16518:
16516:
16513:
16511:
16510:Schism (1054)
16508:
16506:
16503:
16501:
16498:
16496:
16493:
16492:
16490:
16488:
16484:
16478:
16475:
16473:
16470:
16468:
16465:
16461:
16458:
16456:
16453:
16452:
16451:
16448:
16446:
16443:
16441:
16438:
16437:
16435:
16433:
16429:
16421:
16418:
16417:
16416:
16413:
16409:
16406:
16405:
16404:
16401:
16397:
16394:
16392:
16389:
16388:
16387:
16384:
16380:
16377:
16375:
16372:
16370:
16367:
16365:
16362:
16361:
16360:
16357:
16356:
16354:
16352:
16348:
16345:
16342:
16338:
16334:
16329:
16325:
16319:
16316:
16314:
16311:
16309:
16306:
16304:
16301:
16300:
16297:
16293:
16286:
16281:
16279:
16274:
16272:
16267:
16266:
16263:
16251:
16246:
16241:
16239:
16229:
16228:
16225:
16217:
16214:
16213:
16212:
16209:
16207:
16204:
16202:
16199:
16197:
16194:
16192:
16189:
16187:
16184:
16182:
16179:
16175:
16172:
16171:
16170:
16167:
16163:
16160:
16159:
16158:
16155:
16153:
16150:
16148:
16145:
16140:
16136:
16135:
16134:
16131:
16130:
16128:
16124:
16118:
16115:
16113:
16110:
16108:
16105:
16101:
16098:
16096:
16095:Congregations
16093:
16091:
16088:
16084:
16081:
16080:
16079:
16076:
16074:
16071:
16070:
16069:
16066:
16062:
16059:
16057:
16054:
16053:
16052:
16049:
16048:
16046:
16042:
16036:
16033:
16031:
16028:
16026:
16023:
16021:
16018:
16016:
16013:
16011:
16008:
16004:
16001:
16000:
15999:
15996:
15994:
15991:
15989:
15985:
15982:
15980:
15977:
15976:
15974:
15972:
15968:
15962:
15959:
15957:
15954:
15952:
15949:
15948:
15946:
15942:
15936:
15933:
15929:
15926:
15925:
15924:
15921:
15919:
15916:
15912:
15909:
15908:
15907:
15904:
15902:
15899:
15897:
15894:
15892:
15889:
15887:
15884:
15882:
15879:
15877:
15874:
15872:
15869:
15867:
15864:
15862:
15859:
15857:
15854:
15853:
15851:
15849:
15845:
15839:
15836:
15832:
15829:
15828:
15827:
15824:
15822:
15819:
15817:
15814:
15812:
15809:
15807:
15804:
15800:
15797:
15796:
15795:
15792:
15788:
15787:
15783:
15780:
15776:
15775:
15774:
15771:
15767:
15764:
15763:
15762:
15759:
15758:
15756:
15752:
15746:
15743:
15741:
15738:
15736:
15733:
15731:
15728:
15724:
15721:
15720:
15719:
15716:
15714:
15711:
15709:
15708:Infallibility
15706:
15705:
15703:
15701:Proclamations
15699:
15693:
15690:
15688:
15685:
15683:
15680:
15678:
15675:
15673:
15670:
15668:
15665:
15663:
15662:Coats of arms
15660:
15659:
15657:
15655:
15651:
15645:
15642:
15640:
15637:
15635:
15632:
15630:
15627:
15625:
15622:
15620:
15617:
15615:
15612:
15610:
15607:
15605:
15602:
15600:
15597:
15596:
15594:
15591:
15586:
15582:
15576:
15573:
15571:
15568:
15566:
15563:
15561:
15558:
15557:
15555:
15553:
15549:
15542:
15538:
15535:
15532:
15529:
15525:
15522:
15520:
15517:
15516:
15515:
15512:
15509:
15506:
15505:
15503:
15499:
15485:
15482:
15478:
15473:
15470:
15469:
15468:
15464:
15460:
15457:
15456:
15454:
15451:
15447:
15442:
15438:
15428:
15425:
15424:
15423:
15420:
15419:
15418:
15414:
15410:
15409:
15406:
15402:
15401:
15399:
15396:
15391:
15387:
15384:
15382:
15378:
15374:
15370:
15366:
15361:
15357:
15350:
15345:
15343:
15338:
15336:
15331:
15330:
15327:
15315:
15314:
15309:
15305:
15303:
15302:
15293:
15292:
15289:
15276:
15273:
15270:
15267:
15266:
15264:
15261:
15258:
15255:
15252:
15249:
15246:
15243:
15240:
15237:
15234:
15231:
15228:
15225:
15224:
15222:
15216:
15209:
15206:
15203:
15200:
15195:
15192:
15189:
15186:
15183:
15180:
15179:
15177:
15174:
15171:
15168:
15165:
15164:
15162:
15158:High and Late
15156:
15149:
15146:
15143:
15142:
15138:
15135:
15132:
15129:
15126:
15123:
15120:
15115:
15112:
15111:
15109:
15106:
15105:
15103:
15101:
15095:
15092:
15090:
15086:
15080:
15077:
15075:
15072:
15070:
15067:
15065:
15062:
15060:
15057:
15055:
15052:
15050:
15047:
15045:
15042:
15040:
15037:
15035:
15032:
15030:
15027:
15025:
15022:
15020:
15017:
15015:
15012:
15010:
15007:
15005:
15002:
15000:
14997:
14995:
14992:
14990:
14987:
14985:
14982:
14980:
14977:
14975:
14974:Benedict XIII
14972:
14970:
14969:Innocent XIII
14967:
14965:
14962:
14960:
14957:
14955:
14952:
14950:
14947:
14945:
14942:
14940:
14937:
14935:
14934:Alexander VII
14932:
14930:
14927:
14925:
14922:
14920:
14917:
14915:
14912:
14910:
14907:
14906:
14904:
14900:
14894:
14891:
14889:
14886:
14884:
14881:
14879:
14876:
14874:
14871:
14869:
14866:
14864:
14861:
14859:
14856:
14854:
14851:
14849:
14846:
14844:
14841:
14839:
14836:
14834:
14831:
14829:
14826:
14824:
14821:
14819:
14816:
14814:
14811:
14809:
14806:
14804:
14803:Innocent VIII
14801:
14799:
14796:
14794:
14791:
14789:
14786:
14784:
14783:Callixtus III
14781:
14779:
14776:
14774:
14771:
14769:
14766:
14764:
14761:
14759:
14756:
14754:
14751:
14749:
14746:
14744:
14741:
14739:
14736:
14734:
14731:
14729:
14726:
14724:
14721:
14719:
14716:
14714:
14711:
14709:
14706:
14704:
14703:Boniface VIII
14701:
14699:
14696:
14694:
14691:
14689:
14686:
14684:
14681:
14679:
14676:
14674:
14671:
14669:
14666:
14664:
14661:
14659:
14656:
14654:
14651:
14649:
14646:
14644:
14641:
14639:
14636:
14634:
14631:
14629:
14626:
14624:
14621:
14620:
14618:
14614:
14608:
14605:
14603:
14602:Celestine III
14600:
14598:
14595:
14593:
14590:
14588:
14585:
14583:
14580:
14578:
14577:Alexander III
14575:
14573:
14570:
14568:
14567:Anastasius IV
14565:
14563:
14560:
14558:
14555:
14553:
14550:
14548:
14545:
14543:
14540:
14538:
14535:
14533:
14530:
14528:
14525:
14523:
14520:
14518:
14515:
14513:
14510:
14508:
14505:
14503:
14500:
14498:
14495:
14493:
14490:
14488:
14485:
14483:
14480:
14478:
14475:
14473:
14470:
14468:
14467:Sylvester III
14465:
14463:
14460:
14458:
14455:
14453:
14452:Benedict VIII
14450:
14448:
14445:
14443:
14440:
14438:
14435:
14433:
14430:
14428:
14425:
14423:
14420:
14418:
14415:
14413:
14410:
14408:
14405:
14403:
14400:
14398:
14395:
14393:
14390:
14388:
14385:
14383:
14380:
14378:
14375:
14373:
14370:
14368:
14365:
14363:
14360:
14358:
14355:
14353:
14350:
14348:
14345:
14343:
14340:
14338:
14335:
14333:
14330:
14328:
14325:
14323:
14320:
14318:
14315:
14313:
14310:
14308:
14305:
14303:
14300:
14298:
14295:
14293:
14290:
14288:
14285:
14283:
14280:
14278:
14275:
14273:
14270:
14268:
14265:
14263:
14260:
14258:
14255:
14253:
14250:
14248:
14245:
14243:
14240:
14238:
14235:
14233:
14230:
14228:
14225:
14223:
14220:
14219:
14217:
14213:
14207:
14204:
14202:
14199:
14197:
14194:
14192:
14189:
14187:
14184:
14182:
14179:
14177:
14174:
14172:
14169:
14167:
14164:
14162:
14159:
14157:
14154:
14152:
14149:
14147:
14144:
14142:
14139:
14137:
14134:
14132:
14129:
14127:
14124:
14122:
14119:
14117:
14114:
14112:
14109:
14107:
14104:
14102:
14099:
14097:
14094:
14092:
14089:
14087:
14084:
14082:
14079:
14077:
14074:
14072:
14069:
14067:
14064:
14062:
14059:
14057:
14054:
14052:
14049:
14047:
14044:
14042:
14039:
14037:
14034:
14032:
14029:
14027:
14024:
14022:
14019:
14017:
14014:
14012:
14009:
14007:
14004:
14002:
13999:
13997:
13994:
13992:
13989:
13987:
13984:
13982:
13979:
13977:
13976:Anastasius II
13974:
13972:
13969:
13967:
13964:
13962:
13959:
13957:
13954:
13952:
13949:
13947:
13944:
13942:
13939:
13937:
13934:
13932:
13929:
13927:
13924:
13923:
13921:
13917:
13911:
13908:
13906:
13903:
13901:
13898:
13896:
13893:
13891:
13888:
13886:
13883:
13881:
13878:
13876:
13873:
13871:
13868:
13866:
13863:
13861:
13858:
13856:
13853:
13851:
13848:
13846:
13843:
13841:
13838:
13836:
13833:
13831:
13828:
13826:
13823:
13821:
13818:
13816:
13813:
13811:
13808:
13806:
13803:
13801:
13798:
13796:
13793:
13791:
13788:
13786:
13783:
13781:
13778:
13776:
13773:
13771:
13768:
13766:
13763:
13761:
13758:
13756:
13753:
13751:
13748:
13746:
13743:
13741:
13738:
13736:
13733:
13731:
13728:
13726:
13723:
13721:
13718:
13717:
13715:
13711:
13705:
13702:
13698:
13695:
13694:
13693:
13692:Pope emeritus
13690:
13688:
13685:
13681:
13678:
13676:
13673:
13672:
13670:
13668:
13665:
13661:
13658:
13656:
13653:
13652:
13651:
13650:List of popes
13648:
13647:
13644:
13640:
13636:
13629:
13624:
13622:
13617:
13615:
13610:
13609:
13606:
13599:
13596:
13593:
13590:
13587:
13584:
13581:
13580:Pope Leo XIII
13577:
13574:
13572:
13569:
13567:
13564:
13563:
13553:
13547:
13543:
13539:
13535:
13531:
13525:
13521:
13520:
13514:
13510:
13504:
13500:
13499:
13493:
13489:
13485:
13481:
13480:The Bad Popes
13476:
13472:
13468:
13463:
13462:
13455:
13454:
13435:
13431:
13427:
13423:
13422:
13417:
13413:
13409:
13405:
13401:
13400:
13396:(1891–1930).
13395:
13391:
13387:
13381:
13377:
13373:
13369:
13365:
13359:
13355:
13350:
13346:
13340:
13336:
13331:
13327:
13321:
13317:
13316:
13311:
13307:
13303:
13299:
13295:
13291:
13287:
13283:
13277:
13273:
13268:
13256:
13252:
13248:
13244:
13240:
13236:
13232:
13228:
13223:
13219:
13213:
13209:
13208:
13202:
13197:
13196:
13189:
13185:
13179:
13175:
13174:
13169:
13165:
13161:
13155:
13151:
13150:
13145:
13141:
13137:
13131:
13127:
13126:
13121:
13117:
13113:
13107:
13103:
13099:
13095:
13091:
13085:
13081:
13080:
13074:
13070:
13064:
13060:
13055:
13054:
13041:
13037:
13033:
13028:
13021:
13017:
13011:
12995:
12991:
12985:
12969:
12965:
12959:
12952:
12948:
12945:
12940:
12934:
12928:
12922:
12918:
12915:
12909:
12902:
12898:
12894:
12891:
12887:
12883:
12880:
12874:
12858:
12854:
12848:
12832:
12828:
12822:
12814:
12810:
12804:
12788:
12784:
12778:
12762:
12758:
12752:
12744:
12740:
12734:
12727:
12723:
12720:
12715:
12708:
12704:
12701:
12700:
12693:
12687:by Mark Jeske
12686:
12682:
12679:
12675:
12671:
12668:
12667:
12660:
12654:
12653:
12649:
12646:
12641:
12637:
12633:
12630:
12624:
12608:
12604:
12598:
12582:
12578:
12574:
12568:
12552:
12548:
12543:
12535:
12527:
12523:
12519:
12512:
12496:
12492:
12487:
12479:
12463:
12459:
12455:
12448:
12432:
12428:
12424:
12417:
12409:
12405:
12401:
12394:
12378:
12374:
12370:
12363:
12347:
12343:
12337:
12321:
12317:
12315:9780754624332
12311:
12307:
12306:
12298:
12282:
12278:
12271:
12255:
12251:
12247:
12240:
12224:
12220:
12216:
12212:
12208:
12201:
12185:
12181:
12177:
12173:
12169:
12162:
12154:
12148:
12144:
12137:
12121:
12117:
12113:
12106:
12090:
12086:
12082:
12075:
12069:
12065:
12062:
12060:
12052:
12046:
12042:
12039:
12033:
12027:
12021:
12015:
12009:
11993:
11989:
11983:
11967:
11963:
11961:
11960:Lumen gentium
11953:
11944:
11935:
11926:
11917:
11911:
11907:
11904:
11900:
11896:
11893:
11889:
11883:
11876:
11872:
11868:
11864:
11860:
11856:
11852:
11848:
11844:
11843:Pope Paul III
11840:
11836:
11832:
11826:
11810:
11806:
11802:
11796:
11780:
11776:
11772:
11765:
11749:
11745:
11739:
11723:
11719:
11713:
11697:
11693:
11689:
11683:
11667:
11663:
11659:
11653:
11637:
11633:
11629:
11623:
11607:
11603:
11601:
11593:
11586:
11582:
11579:
11575:
11571:
11567:
11563:
11562:
11555:
11539:
11535:
11533:
11525:
11509:
11503:
11487:
11483:
11477:
11469:
11468:
11462:
11454:
11448:
11444:
11440:
11436:
11431:
11429:
11421:
11417:
11414:
11409:
11393:
11389:
11388:
11383:
11377:
11369:
11363:
11359:
11354:
11353:
11347:
11340:
11333:
11329:
11323:
11307:
11303:
11299:
11293:
11277:
11273:
11267:
11259:
11258:
11252:
11244:
11238:
11234:
11230:
11226:
11222:
11218:
11214:
11210:
11206:
11202:
11198:
11194:
11190:
11186:
11182:
11178:
11174:
11170:
11166:
11162:
11158:
11154:
11150:
11146:
11142:
11138:
11134:
11130:
11126:
11122:
11118:
11112:
11106:
11102:
11099:
11095:
11092:
11088:
11080:
11079:Ancient Greek
11074:
11067:
11063:
11058:
11042:
11038:
11037:
11029:
11021:
11020:
11015:
11011:
11005:
11003:
10995:
10991:
10988:
10984:
10983:90-74461-49-2
10980:
10976:
10972:
10966:
10950:
10946:
10945:
10940:
10934:
10918:
10914:
10912:
10904:
10888:
10884:
10878:
10862:
10858:
10852:
10848:
10847:
10839:
10823:
10819:
10817:
10816:Lumen gentium
10809:
10793:
10789:
10783:
10779:
10778:
10770:
10763:
10762:85-15-01750-4
10759:
10755:
10749:
10743:
10737:
10721:
10717:
10713:
10707:
10691:
10687:
10683:
10677:
10661:
10657:
10651:
10647:
10646:
10638:
10636:
10629:
10625:
10621:
10617:
10612:
10605:
10604:0-06-065303-5
10601:
10597:
10593:
10587:
10585:
10576:
10575:
10569:
10561:
10559:
10557:
10550:
10549:John 21:16–17
10545:
10529:
10525:
10521:
10515:
10499:
10495:
10489:
10473:
10469:
10463:
10447:
10443:
10436:
10420:
10416:
10415:
10410:
10404:
10396:
10395:
10389:
10381:
10374:
10370:
10366:
10361:
10345:
10341:
10337:
10330:
10314:
10310:
10304:
10294:
10278:
10274:
10270:
10264:
10262:
10245:
10241:
10239:
10231:
10224:
10218:
10202:
10198:
10194:
10193:"Hammer Time"
10188:
10172:
10168:
10166:
10158:
10142:
10138:
10134:
10131:Fisher, Max.
10127:
10111:
10107:
10103:
10097:
10090:
10085:
10078:
10074:
10072:
10067:
10063:
10060:
10056:
10052:
10049:
10045:
10041:
10038:
10037:
10031:
10027:
10023:
10017:
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10006:
10003:
9997:
9990:
9986:
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9979:
9974:
9967:
9963:
9959:
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9951:
9935:
9931:
9924:
9917:
9913:
9909:
9906:
9901:
9894:
9891:
9887:
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9879:
9873:
9869:
9866:
9860:
9853:
9847:
9840:
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9829:
9824:
9817:
9814:
9810:
9807:
9802:
9787:on 5 May 2013
9786:
9782:
9776:
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9752:
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9719:
9715:
9714:
9706:
9699:
9694:
9678:
9674:
9668:
9661:
9656:
9650:
9649:Matthew 16:18
9645:
9639:
9634:
9628:
9627:Matthew 16:19
9623:
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9308:
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9295:
9282:
9278:
9274:
9270:
9264:
9258:
9253:
9247:
9246:Luke 22:31–32
9242:
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8525:
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8518:
8510:
8505:
8498:
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8490:
8484:
8477:
8476:0-8091-4234-1
8473:
8469:
8463:
8447:
8443:
8437:
8430:
8426:
8423:
8418:
8416:
8409:
8405:
8401:
8396:
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8386:
8381:
8379:
8377:
8369:
8364:
8357:
8352:
8350:
8348:
8340:
8339:0-631-17566-0
8336:
8332:
8326:
8324:
8316:
8310:
8308:
8300:
8299:0-7922-7317-6
8296:
8290:
8283:
8279:
8276:
8271:
8264:
8260:
8256:
8250:
8248:
8239:
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8204:
8197:
8196:1-85424-658-5
8193:
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7794:
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7771:
7763:
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7744:
7740:
7738:
7737:Lumen gentium
7730:
7721:
7705:
7701:
7695:
7686:
7679:
7673:
7665:
7659:
7655:
7654:Papal Primacy
7648:
7640:
7634:
7630:
7623:
7615:
7609:
7605:
7598:
7590:
7584:
7580:
7573:
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7341:
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7332:
7324:
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7317:
7309:
7302:
7301:85-15-01750-4
7298:
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7280:
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7074:
7073:
7068:
7062:
7049:
7045:
7031:
7027:
7023:
7017:
7008:
7001:
7000:Inter caetera
6997:
6993:
6989:
6983:
6976:
6970:
6963:
6962:
6955:
6954:
6947:
6938:
6934:
6923:
6922:Cadaver Synod
6920:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6877:List of popes
6875:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6853:
6852:Caesaropapism
6850:
6848:
6845:
6844:
6837:
6835:
6831:
6825:
6823:
6819:
6815:
6814:
6809:
6803:
6801:
6800:list of popes
6797:
6793:
6789:
6785:
6778:
6775:
6772:
6769:
6766:
6762:
6759:
6756:
6753:
6750:
6747:
6744:
6741:
6738:
6735:
6732:
6729:
6726:
6723:
6720:
6716:
6713:
6712:
6711:
6704:
6700:
6691:
6689:
6685:
6677:
6674:
6671:
6668:
6665:
6664:Alexander III
6662:
6659:
6656:
6653:
6650:
6647:
6644:
6641:
6638:
6635:
6632:
6629:
6626:
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6613:
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6605:
6601:
6587:
6585:
6581:
6577:
6573:
6569:
6559:
6557:
6553:
6549:
6545:
6541:
6537:
6533:
6528:
6526:
6522:
6518:
6514:
6504:
6502:
6498:
6494:
6490:
6480:
6477:
6476:authorities.
6468:
6466:
6460:
6456:
6452:
6442:
6440:
6434:
6432:
6428:
6424:
6420:
6416:
6412:
6408:
6404:
6400:
6396:
6392:
6384:
6380:
6376:
6372:
6365:
6361:
6357:
6353:
6351:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6335:
6331:
6327:
6323:
6320:
6316:
6312:
6308:
6304:
6298:
6296:
6292:
6288:
6282:
6272:
6270:
6269:
6264:
6260:
6256:
6252:
6248:
6244:
6240:
6230:
6224:
6220:
6216:
6212:
6208:
6199:
6195:
6193:
6189:
6185:
6180:
6178:
6174:
6170:
6165:
6161:
6156:
6153:
6147:
6145:
6141:
6137:
6133:
6132:head of state
6127:
6117:
6115:
6111:
6107:
6101:
6099:
6095:
6094:
6089:
6085:
6084:
6079:
6075:
6074:
6073:Inter caetera
6069:
6065:
6061:
6057:
6053:
6049:
6048:
6043:
6039:
6036:Papal bulls,
6034:
6032:
6028:
6023:
6021:
6017:
6013:
6009:
6005:
6004:Roman emperor
6001:
5997:
5993:
5989:
5985:
5981:
5976:
5972:
5964:
5960:
5951:
5945:
5941:
5937:
5933:
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5923:
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5917:
5913:
5910:
5907:
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5900:
5897:
5893:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5872:
5862:
5860:
5856:
5851:
5849:
5845:
5841:
5837:
5832:
5828:
5827:Apostolic See
5823:
5821:
5817:
5813:
5809:
5805:
5801:
5800:official seat
5788:
5784:
5783:Pope Pius VII
5780:
5769:
5764:
5762:
5757:
5755:
5750:
5749:
5747:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
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5712:
5709:
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5707:
5706:
5699:
5697:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5670:Raphael Rooms
5668:
5666:
5663:
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5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5585:Casina Pio IV
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
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4955:
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4928:
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4911:
4908:
4907:
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4903:
4899:
4896:
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4891:
4890:
4887:
4882:
4881:
4869:
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4867:
4864:
4857:
4856:
4855:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4841:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4834:Vical General
4832:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4821:(Chamberlain)
4819:
4815:
4814:
4813:
4810:
4806:
4803:
4802:
4801:
4798:
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4791:
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4779:
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4769:
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4747:
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4739:
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4730:
4729:
4726:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4716:Vatican Radio
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4686:
4682:
4679:
4678:
4674:
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4664:
4660:
4657:
4654:
4650:
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4609:
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4409:
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4402:
4399:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4373:
4370:
4367:
4366:Duchy of Rome
4364:
4363:
4360:
4355:
4354:
4350:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4337:
4336:
4332:
4328:
4327:
4319:
4317:
4311:
4308:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4288:
4276:
4275:
4270:
4266:
4265:Pope Pius XII
4262:
4252:
4248:
4244:
4240:
4238:
4234:
4230:
4224:
4216:
4211:
4207:
4191:
4188:February 2022
4182:
4178:
4174:
4171:
4167:
4166:
4153:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4135:
4131:
4127:
4118:
4116:
4112:
4107:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4077:) behind the
4076:
4072:
4068:
4060:
4055:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4027:
4022:
4018:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4006:
4002:
4001:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3978:
3976:
3972:
3961:
3954:
3944:
3937:
3923:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3897:
3895:
3891:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3872:
3868:
3862:
3852:
3850:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3816:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3802:
3801:Julius Caesar
3798:
3794:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3775:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3746:New Testament
3743:
3739:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3724:
3716:
3696:
3695:Ancient Greek
3692:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3676:
3672:
3664:
3660:
3655:
3646:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3605:Ut unum sint,
3600:
3599:(1145–1153).
3598:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3582:
3578:
3574:
3569:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3549:
3547:
3542:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3520:
3519:papa pontifex
3516:
3510:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3460:
3450:
3448:
3434:
3433:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3413:Your Holiness
3412:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3387:
3384:
3374:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3350:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3325:lies in state
3321:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3305:
3302:
3298:
3295:. During the
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3290:
3286:
3278:
3273:
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3258:
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3242:sedevacantism
3239:
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3226:
3224:
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3216:
3215:
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3200:
3199:
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3180:
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3169:
3167:
3166:Habemus Papam
3161:
3157:
3152:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3133:Room of Tears
3129:
3127:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3099:fumata bianca
3095:
3094:
3089:
3086:visible from
3080:
3079:Habemus Papam
3075:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3049:
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3041:
3033:
3032:Pope Martin V
3029:
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3018:
3013:
3009:
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3002:
2997:
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2987:
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2940:
2936:
2930:Isaiah, 22:23
2926:
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2901:Isaiah, 22:22
2897:
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2859:Old Testament
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2416:
2412:
2411:Pope Pius XII
2407:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2390:In 1929, the
2388:
2386:
2382:
2379:
2374:
2373:
2367:
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2359:
2355:
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2348:
2344:
2343:Pope Paul III
2340:
2335:
2333:
2329:
2322:
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2317:Pope Paul III
2313:
2304:
2302:
2298:
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2263:
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2255:
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2240:
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2210:
2205:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2183:
2178:
2169:
2167:
2166:First Crusade
2164:, called the
2163:
2159:
2155:
2154:Pope Urban II
2151:
2147:
2146:Mediterranean
2143:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2107:
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2101:
2097:
2093:
2088:
2085:
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2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2054:Pope Leo VIII
2051:
2047:
2043:
2042:Pope John XII
2039:
2036:era, and the
2035:
2030:
2029:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2007:Constantine V
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1946:
1931:
1919:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1817:
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1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
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1783:
1778:
1776:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1756: 30–130
1749:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1730:
1727:
1722:
1712: 30–325
1704:
1700:
1697:
1696:Pope Victor I
1691:
1689:
1683:
1681:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1663:Church Father
1659:
1655:
1654:
1653:Lumen gentium
1647:
1645:
1641:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1621:
1617:
1616:Pope Vitalian
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1589:
1584:
1580:
1579:
1572:
1570:
1558:
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1542:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1524:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1482:human history
1479:
1475:
1471:
1470:apostolic see
1467:
1464:According to
1462:
1459:
1455:
1454:Fascist Italy
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1422:episcopal see
1419:
1415:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1368:head of state
1365:
1361:
1357:
1356:Roman pontiff
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1314:
1313:Ancient Greek
1310:
1306:
1302:
1290:
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1283:
1278:
1276:
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1162:
1160:
1157:
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1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1139:Prince-bishop
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
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1097:
1095:
1092:
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1080:
1077:
1075:
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1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1049:Archimandrite
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
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997:
994:
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987:
986:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
921:
915:
914:
904:
903:
902:
899:
895:
894:Vicar general
892:
890:
887:
886:
885:
882:
880:
877:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
859:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
831:
828:
827:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
799:
796:
795:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
767:
764:
762:
759:
758:
757:
754:
750:
747:
743:
740:
738:
735:
734:
733:
730:
729:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
691:
688:
687:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
659:
656:
654:
651:
650:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
630:
624:
623:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
597:
591:
590:
585:
582:
580:
577:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
514:
513:
510:
506:
503:
502:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
405:
404:
401:
397:
396:Pope Emeritus
394:
393:
392:
389:
388:
387:
386:
382:
378:
375:
374:
370:
365:
361:
360:
357:
352:
351:
347:
343:
342:
338:
334:
333:
325:
321:
318:Your Holiness
317:
313:
310:
307:
305:
301:
297:
292:
289:
279:
272:
268:
263:
260:
257:
253:
250:
247:
243:
240:
237:
233:
230:
227:
223:
220:
217:
213:
210:
207:
203:
198:
194:
191:
187:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
168:
164:
161:
158:
156:
152:
147:
144:
141:
139:
135:
132:
130:
125:
118:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
87:
82:
78:
71:
68:
57:
54:
50:
46:
45:list of popes
39:
35:
30:
19:
23223:Vatican City
23161:
23129:Papal States
23123:
23106:
23059:Sack of Rome
23036:
23009:
22850:Transnistria
22520:Transnistria
22317:
22116:(since 1994)
22102:(since 1959)
22094:(since 1925)
22084:(since 1789)
22071:(since 1716)
22066:
22063:(since 1589)
22057:(since 1572)
22052:
22044:
22041:(since 1524)
22036:
22029:(1517–1789)
22016:(since 1451)
22011:
22008:(since 1346)
22002:(since 1010)
21985:
21977:
21949:(since 1742)
21944:
21941:(since 1461)
21925:(since 1058)
21918:
21906:
21883:(since 1968)
21878:
21875:(since 1830)
21870:
21867:(since 1553)
21862:
21838:(since 1884)
21833:
21825:
21787:(since 1099)
21782:
21741:(since 1824)
21736:
21728:
21714:
21671:
21668:(since 1724)
21663:
21660:(since 1668)
21655:
21647:
21638:(since 1058)
21631:
21621:
21593:(since 1461)
21580:
21537:
21518:
21490:(30–325/476)
21480:Christianity
21469:Nestorianism
21466:
21454:
21439:
21435:
21427:Christianity
21413:Christianity
21326:Titular sees
21278:
21271:
21264:
21243:Hereford Use
21220:African Rite
21150:Anglican Use
20842:Great Church
20689:
20682:
20646:Latin Church
20532:
20354:Beda College
20256:Scala Sancta
20080:Montecassino
20013:Vatican City
19714:
19696:Legal status
19665:World War II
19653:Vatican City
19648:Savoyard era
19619:Papal States
19535:Vatican City
19514:
19406:Cricket team
19376:Coat of arms
19325:
19316:
19309:
19283:Vatican News
19209:Demographics
19187:Architecture
19175:AT telescope
18958:
18892:Vatican Hill
18830:
18739:Ethnographic
18629:
18553:
18474:Leonine City
18410:
18374:Vatican City
18302:Universities
18134:Third orders
18097:Associations
18087:Visitandines
18082:Trinitarians
18032:Mercedarians
18017:Hieronymites
17962:Camaldoleses
17947:Benedictines
17937:Augustinians
17897:
17890:
17883:
17864:Vatican News
17818:Distinctions
17624:Syro-Malabar
17509:Latin Church
17431:Grand master
17329:Metropolitan
17226:Vatican City
17164:
17121:Organisation
17000:Philosophers
16865:Confirmation
16842:In canon law
16836:Subsistit in
16834:
16830:Three states
16817:
16778:
16771:Ecclesiology
16753:Nova Vulgata
16751:
16709:Original sin
16704:Nicene Creed
16694:Divine grace
16653:
16535:Universities
16505:Papal States
16432:Great Church
16374:Resurrection
16351:Early Church
15961:Shepherd One
15821:Inauguration
15786:Urbi et Orbi
15784:
15599:His Holiness
15508:Vatican City
15501:Headquarters
15441:Vatican City
15404:
15403:
15381:Jurisdiction
15355:
15311:
15299:
15269:World War II
15263:Vatican City
15139:
15110:(until 493)
15074:Benedict XVI
15069:John Paul II
14989:Clement XIII
14984:Benedict XIV
14959:Innocent XII
14893:Clement VIII
14868:Gregory XIII
14848:Marcellus II
14808:Alexander VI
14758:Innocent VII
14723:Benedict XII
14678:Nicholas III
14643:Alexander IV
14633:Celestine IV
14623:Honorius III
14607:Innocent III
14592:Gregory VIII
14552:Celestine II
14537:Callixtus II
14507:Alexander II
14432:Sylvester II
14412:Benedict VII
14372:Stephen VIII
14257:Benedict III
14111:Adeodatus II
14056:Boniface III
13910:Anastasius I
13634:
13541:
13518:
13497:
13479:
13460:
13438:. Retrieved
13420:
13398:
13375:
13353:
13334:
13314:
13293:
13271:
13259:. Retrieved
13226:
13206:
13194:
13172:
13148:
13124:
13120:Duffy, Eamon
13101:
13078:
13058:
13050:Bibliography
13031:
13027:
13010:
12998:. Retrieved
12984:
12972:. Retrieved
12958:
12939:
12933:Papal Schism
12927:
12912:See Luther,
12908:
12873:
12861:. Retrieved
12853:"Antichrist"
12847:
12835:. Retrieved
12821:
12813:the original
12803:
12791:. Retrieved
12777:
12765:. Retrieved
12751:
12743:the original
12733:
12714:
12698:
12692:
12665:
12659:
12643:
12623:
12611:. Retrieved
12597:
12585:. Retrieved
12576:
12567:
12555:. Retrieved
12546:
12534:
12526:the original
12511:
12499:. Retrieved
12490:
12478:
12466:. Retrieved
12462:the original
12457:
12447:
12435:. Retrieved
12426:
12416:
12408:the original
12403:
12393:
12381:. Retrieved
12372:
12362:
12350:. Retrieved
12346:the original
12336:
12324:. Retrieved
12304:
12297:
12285:. Retrieved
12281:the original
12270:
12258:. Retrieved
12250:The Atlantic
12249:
12239:
12227:. Retrieved
12211:The Guardian
12210:
12200:
12188:. Retrieved
12171:
12161:
12142:
12136:
12124:. Retrieved
12115:
12105:
12093:. Retrieved
12084:
12074:
12058:
12051:
12032:
12020:
12008:
11996:. Retrieved
11982:
11970:. Retrieved
11959:
11952:
11943:
11934:
11925:
11916:
11882:
11863:Pope Pius II
11835:Pope Paul IV
11831:Pope Pius IV
11825:
11813:. Retrieved
11804:
11795:
11783:. Retrieved
11779:the original
11774:
11764:
11752:. Retrieved
11738:
11726:. Retrieved
11720:. Fotw.net.
11712:
11700:. Retrieved
11691:
11682:
11670:. Retrieved
11661:
11652:
11640:. Retrieved
11631:
11622:
11610:. Retrieved
11599:
11592:
11565:
11559:
11554:
11542:. Retrieved
11531:
11524:
11512:. Retrieved
11502:
11490:. Retrieved
11476:
11465:
11453:
11446:
11434:
11408:
11396:. Retrieved
11385:
11376:
11351:
11339:
11322:
11310:. Retrieved
11306:the original
11301:
11298:"pontifical"
11292:
11280:. Retrieved
11266:
11255:
11251:"Pope"
11243:
11185:Hebrews 2:17
11111:
11093:
11086:
11073:
11065:
11057:
11045:. Retrieved
11041:the original
11035:
11028:
11017:
10974:
10970:
10965:
10953:. Retrieved
10942:
10933:
10921:. Retrieved
10910:
10903:
10891:. Retrieved
10877:
10865:. Retrieved
10845:
10838:
10826:. Retrieved
10815:
10808:
10796:. Retrieved
10776:
10769:
10753:
10748:
10742:John 16:7–14
10736:
10724:. Retrieved
10715:
10706:
10694:. Retrieved
10685:
10676:
10664:. Retrieved
10644:
10627:
10615:
10611:
10595:
10591:
10572:
10544:
10532:. Retrieved
10523:
10514:
10502:. Retrieved
10488:
10476:. Retrieved
10472:the original
10462:
10450:. Retrieved
10435:
10423:. Retrieved
10412:
10403:
10392:
10380:
10364:
10360:
10348:. Retrieved
10340:The Guardian
10339:
10329:
10317:. Retrieved
10303:
10293:
10281:. Retrieved
10272:
10248:. Retrieved
10244:the original
10237:
10230:
10222:
10217:
10205:. Retrieved
10196:
10187:
10177:19 September
10175:. Retrieved
10167:, Chapter 1"
10164:
10157:
10145:. Retrieved
10136:
10126:
10114:. Retrieved
10105:
10096:
10084:
10069:
10035:
10025:
10016:
9996:
9988:
9973:
9965:
9950:
9938:. Retrieved
9923:
9915:
9900:
9892:
9878:
9859:
9851:
9846:
9838:
9823:
9816:voanews.com.
9815:
9801:
9789:. Retrieved
9785:the original
9775:
9763:. Retrieved
9754:
9744:
9732:. Retrieved
9712:
9705:
9693:
9681:. Retrieved
9667:
9655:
9644:
9638:Isaiah 22:23
9633:
9622:
9616:Isaiah 22:22
9611:
9599:. Retrieved
9590:
9581:
9569:. Retrieved
9558:
9548:
9529:
9510:
9505:. Bible Hub.
9491:
9482:
9475:. Retrieved
9466:
9453:
9444:
9437:. Retrieved
9428:
9415:
9406:
9399:. Retrieved
9386:
9379:Wesley, John
9373:
9364:
9357:. Retrieved
9348:
9335:
9323:. Retrieved
9314:
9301:
9292:
9285:. Retrieved
9276:
9263:
9252:
9241:
9230:
9218:. Retrieved
9209:
9200:
9188:. Retrieved
9179:
9170:
9158:. Retrieved
9149:
9140:
9128:. Retrieved
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6047:Laudabiliter
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6027:Alexander VI
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5996:Papal States
5975:Roman Empire
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5963:Antichristus
5962:
5948:vaticanstate
5929:Pope Pius XI
5909:His Holiness
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5495:Vatican Hill
5435:Leonine City
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5165:Vatican lira
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4469:Savoyard Era
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4378:Papal States
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4181:adding to it
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4059:coat of arms
4042:
4034:
4024:
4021:palafrenieri
4020:
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3943:Pope Francis
3917:
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3906:His Holiness
3903:
3900:Other titles
3890:Latin Church
3876:
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3768:confirmation
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3663:Benedict XVI
3659:Vatican City
3657:Entrance to
3635:Roman Missal
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3459:Papal titles
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3410:Spoken style
3404:His Holiness
3380:
3359:Benedict XVI
3352:
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3322:
3306:
3299:period, the
3297:sede vacante
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3285:sede vacante
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3257:Benedict XVI
3250:
3246:sede vacante
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3233:
3227:
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3204:Urbi et Orbi
3202:
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3176:
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3148:
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3130:
3123:
3118:
3114:
3108:
3104:church bells
3097:
3091:
3084:
3067:motu proprio
3065:
3055:
3047:
3037:
3007:sede vacante
3005:
2998:
2982:
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2475:position of
2473:
2463:
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2452:
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2425:
2413:defined the
2408:
2400:Vatican City
2394:between the
2389:
2351:
2336:
2326:
2285:
2270:
2258:Conciliarism
2247:
2232:
2213:
2206:
2187:
2139:
2108:
2089:
2081:
2062:
2023:
2015:Pope Leo III
1976:
1942:
1869:In 380, the
1868:
1846:, declaring
1829:
1791:
1780:
1772:
1750:
1731:
1725:
1717:
1701:
1692:
1684:
1660:
1648:
1637:
1576:
1574:
1568:
1506:
1463:
1418:jurisdiction
1413:
1411:
1388:
1372:Papal States
1359:
1355:
1351:
1344:visible head
1339:
1300:
1298:
1207:Grand master
1144:Prince-abbot
1044:Altar server
959:Grand master
901:Vicar forane
766:Minor orders
761:Major orders
749:Lay cardinal
742:Commendatory
495:Metropolitan
440:Papal legate
390:
315:Spoken style
309:His Holiness
285:
215:Denomination
205:First holder
189:Headquarters
143:His Holiness
120:
100:Pope Francis
63:
53:
34:Papal States
29:
18:Pope of Rome
23119:Investiture
22788:Switzerland
22718:Netherlands
22458:Switzerland
22388:Netherlands
22049:(1555–1663)
21996:(since 919)
21966:Middle Ages
21933:(since 638)
21913:(since 301)
21830:(1518–1964)
21779:(since 638)
21771:(since 451)
21733:(1219–1964)
21676:(1099–1964)
21652:(since 685)
21644:(since 519)
21628:(since 518)
21585:(1204–1964)
21577:(since 330)
21457:light green
21306:Latin cross
21273:Missa sicca
21238:Durham Rite
21233:Celtic Rite
20788:(1555–1663)
20776:(1524–1963)
20774:West Indies
20770:(1204–1964)
20764:(1098–1964)
20758:(1276–1964)
20725:Rui Valério
20712:East Indies
20572:Swiss Guard
20319:Palazzo Pio
19823:Dicasteries
19801:Commissions
19791:Roman Curia
19670:Warsaw Pact
19180:observatory
19045:Swiss Guard
19020:Dicasteries
18998:Commissions
18988:Roman Curia
18719:Chiaramonti
18659:Scala Regia
18571:Papal tombs
18494:Borgo Nuovo
18467:Papal tombs
18292:Health care
18278:Pax Christi
18230:Schoenstatt
18195:Sant'Egidio
18027:Legionaries
18007:Franciscans
17982:Cistercians
17977:Carthusians
17932:Annonciades
17791:Altarpieces
17684:West Syriac
17679:East Syriac
17659:Alexandrian
17283:Holy orders
17264:Swiss Guard
17204:Dicasteries
17199:Roman Curia
17097:Evangelists
17055:Holy Family
16990:Personalism
16980:Natural law
16958:Josephology
16892:Holy orders
16530:Inquisition
16487:Middle Ages
16477:Monasticism
16445:Constantine
16369:Crucifixion
16181:Swiss Guard
16100:Dicasteries
16078:Commissions
16068:Roman Curia
15988:Swiss Guard
15761:Arbitration
15590:Papal names
15479:along with
15277:(1945–1991)
15271:(1939–1945)
15259:(1870–1929)
15253:(1775–1848)
15241:(1585–1689)
15235:(1534–1585)
15229:(1417–1534)
15210:(1378–1417)
15204:(1309–1378)
15196:, 1228–1304
15190:, 1262–1297
15184:, 1257–1281
15175:(1048–1257)
15160:Middle Ages
15100:Middle Ages
15064:John Paul I
15039:Benedict XV
15019:Gregory XVI
14994:Clement XIV
14979:Clement XII
14949:Innocent XI
14888:Innocent IX
14883:Gregory XIV
14833:Clement VII
14763:Gregory XII
14753:Boniface IX
14733:Innocent VI
14708:Benedict XI
14698:Celestine V
14693:Nicholas IV
14688:Honorius IV
14638:Innocent IV
14597:Clement III
14547:Innocent II
14542:Honorius II
14532:Gelasius II
14512:Gregory VII
14502:Nicholas II
14462:Benedict IX
14407:Benedict VI
14382:Agapetus II
14357:Stephen VII
14332:Sergius III
14322:Benedict IV
14312:Theodore II
14297:Boniface VI
14196:Stephen III
14176:Gregory III
14166:Constantine
14131:Benedict II
14066:Adeodatus I
14061:Boniface IV
14041:Pelagius II
14001:Boniface II
13941:Celestine I
13880:Sylvester I
13865:Marcellus I
13860:Marcellinus
13795:Callixtus I
13780:Eleutherius
13755:Telesphorus
13745:Alexander I
13667:Papal names
13498:Pope-pourri
13378:. Scepter.
12837:18 February
12767:24 February
12613:17 December
12326:14 November
11532:Lumen fidei
11445:), article
11047:18 February
10923:21 November
10893:21 November
10798:21 November
10666:18 February
10626:), article
10534:17 February
10504:21 November
10478:21 November
10452:18 February
10350:12 February
10000:Ap. Const.
9916:nytimes.com
9101:10 November
8714:18 February
8654:18 February
8536:Durant 1957
8524:Durant 1957
8452:18 February
8385:Durant 1950
8368:Durant 1950
8356:Durant 1950
8031:by Chadwick
8004:. pp.
7879:21 February
7858:Gröber, 510
7465:Geopolitics
7448:27 November
6813:consecratio
6737:Theodore II
6725:Boniface VI
6628:Bl. Pius IX
6615:Saint Peter
6576:Legio Maria
6491:due to the
6305:stood in a
6223:indulgences
6025:Popes like
5798:The pope's
5475:Scala Regia
5450:Papal tombs
5220:Papal tiara
5087:Visa policy
4927:Roman Curia
4844:President:
4805:Noble Guard
4380:(754–1870)
4298:magisterium
4281: 1955
4269:Papal tiara
4161:Development
4126:Pope Pius V
4103:archbishops
3849:papal bulls
3754:Koine Greek
3727:high priest
3585:Holy Spirit
3534:Marcellinus
3441:Regnal name
3421:Holy Father
3363:Gregory XII
3343:Resignation
3337:novendialis
3320:is sealed.
3310:John Paul I
3275:Funeral of
3238:interregnum
3126:regnal name
3093:fumata nera
3034:was elected
3017:acclamation
2986:Gregory XVI
2975:painted by
2863:royal court
2849:New Eliakim
2420:ex cathedra
2381:seized Rome
2372:ex cathedra
2262:Jean Gerson
2239:indulgences
2209:Middle Ages
2125:, in which
2084:investiture
2077:concubinage
2019:Charlemagne
1937: 1610
1913:Middle Ages
1644:Saint Peter
1640:shepherding
1545:health care
1523:ex cathedra
1486:Middle Ages
1399:Saint Peter
1179:Regionarius
1169:Protodeacon
1164:Protopriest
1104:Minor canon
605:Consecrator
369:Saint Peter
326:Holy Father
271:Holy Father
229:1st century
225:Established
209:Saint Peter
200:Information
23233:Categories
22998:and events
22753:San Marino
22713:Montenegro
22693:Luxembourg
22673:Kazakhstan
22573:Azerbaijan
22536:government
22423:San Marino
22383:Montenegro
22363:Luxembourg
22343:Kazakhstan
22243:Azerbaijan
21990:(725–1451)
21982:(568–1751)
21970:(476–1517)
21855:(280–1552)
21689:Alexandria
21446:light blue
21127:Roman Rite
21008:Tertullian
20907:Vatican II
20794:(560–1451)
20782:(560–1751)
20756:Alexandria
20555:Roman Rota
20453:Papal farm
20386:Palace of
20278:Hill area
20166:Properties
20052:Palestrina
19924:Concordats
19783:Government
19753:Governance
19049:See also:
18980:Government
18952:Governance
18699:Historical
18669:altarpiece
18654:Sala Regia
18404:Properties
18047:Oratorians
18002:Dominicans
17972:Carmelites
17967:Camillians
17915:institutes
17728:Tridentine
17664:Antiochian
17584:Macedonian
17529:Belarusian
17419:Provincial
17334:Archbishop
17254:Roman Rota
17216:Properties
17141:By country
17137:Precedence
17102:Confessors
17082:Archangels
17072:Patriarchs
16972:Philosophy
16950:Veneration
16915:Assumption
16885:Last rites
16852:Sacraments
16796:Four marks
16607:Vatican II
16555:Modern era
16391:Succession
16035:Theologian
15979:Camerlengo
15951:Popemobile
15811:Consistory
15806:Coronation
15779:Pontifical
15766:Deposition
15754:Activities
15730:Encyclical
15692:Umbraculum
15365:Episcopate
15220:Modern Era
15150:(974–1012)
15054:John XXIII
14964:Clement XI
14939:Clement IX
14929:Innocent X
14924:Urban VIII
14919:Gregory XV
14843:Julius III
14778:Nicholas V
14743:Gregory XI
14728:Clement VI
14663:Innocent V
14653:Clement IV
14628:Gregory IX
14582:Lucius III
14562:Eugene III
14527:Paschal II
14517:Victor III
14497:Stephen IX
14482:Damasus II
14477:Clement II
14472:Gregory VI
14447:Sergius IV
14442:John XVIII
14392:Benedict V
14377:Marinus II
14302:Stephen VI
14282:Adrian III
14262:Nicholas I
14247:Sergius II
14242:Gregory IV
14222:Stephen IV
14186:Stephen II
14171:Gregory II
14091:Theodore I
14076:Honorius I
14071:Boniface V
14036:Benedict I
14026:Pelagius I
14011:Agapetus I
13971:Gelasius I
13961:Simplicius
13946:Sixtus III
13936:Boniface I
13926:Innocent I
13790:Zephyrinus
13704:Pope-elect
13680:non-extant
13310:Küng, Hans
12863:1 December
12493:. London.
11998:5 November
11855:Pope Leo X
11702:2 December
11672:23 October
11642:23 October
11544:15 January
11282:7 November
11117:Mark 15:11
11014:"Pontifex"
10973:in series
10939:"Pontifex"
10828:27 January
10298:centuries.
10283:15 January
10207:2 November
10197:Snopes.com
9683:17 January
9341:Gill, John
9257:John 21:17
8995:Irenaeus.
8686:0203484312
8370:, chpt. 4.
8134:22 January
7804:. p.
7676:Eusebius,
7418:21 January
7388:6 November
7218:17 January
7072:New Advent
7040:References
7028:addressed
6907:Pope Night
6887:Papal name
6792:Stephen II
6771:Benedict V
6755:Damasus II
6719:coronation
6346:Man of Sin
6341:Protestant
6173:Cincinnati
5820:Alba Longa
5802:is in the
5530:Sala Regia
5020:Concordats
4898:Popemobile
4818:Camerlengo
4079:escutcheon
4005:ombrellino
4000:Umbraculum
3971:encyclical
3865:See also:
3772:ordination
3723:archiereus
3715:hierophant
3711:ἱεροφάντης
3669:The term "
3629:described
3597:Eugene III
3581:Tertullian
3573:Gelasius I
3493:of Italy,
3473:Bishop of
3447:papal name
3193:Papal Mass
3137:immantatio
3070:in 2007.)
3012:Clement IV
2793:Matthew 16
2769:See also:
2675:Tertullian
2648:Saint Paul
2538:Telephorus
2438:See also:
2404:city-state
2332:antichrist
2048:. Emperor
2034:Crescentii
1842:condemned
1824:See also:
1742:Alexandria
1604:Pope Leo I
1478:Saint Paul
1438:city-state
1401:, to whom
1382:, who was
1229:Inquisitor
1129:Prebendary
1124:Postulator
1074:Chorbishop
1059:Archdeacon
1054:Archpriest
879:Seminarian
783:Officialis
773:Missionary
690:Archdeacon
643:Chancellor
517:Archbishop
505:Catholicos
255:Governance
121:Incumbent:
23269:Pentarchy
23082:Canon law
22996:Documents
22942:Erlembald
22688:Lithuania
22358:Lithuania
21892:Patriarch
21847:Patriarch
21816:2nd cent.
21807:Patriarch
21754:Jerusalem
21750:Patriarch
21695:1st cent.
21685:Patriarch
21612:1st cent.
21602:Patriarch
21555:Patriarch
21544:1st cent.
21528:1st cent.
21519:Patriarch
21506:apostolic
21499:Pentarchy
21485:Antiquity
21436:bold blue
21431:apostolic
21248:Sarum Use
21155:Zaire Use
20902:Vatican I
20703:Jerusalem
20461:Barberini
20276:Gianicolo
20170:including
20004:Vicariate
19948:universal
19886:in Geneva
19731:Cardinals
19707:Officials
19680:Sovereign
19508:Apostolic
19214:Languages
19132:Transport
18917:Elections
18860:Fountains
18704:Paintings
18514:Geography
18288:See also:
18240:Charities
18149:Discalced
18077:Trappists
18072:Theatines
18042:Olivetans
17987:Clarisses
17957:Blue nuns
17942:Basilians
17919:societies
17827:See also:
17713:Mozarabic
17703:Ambrosian
17689:Malankara
17674:Byzantine
17634:Ukrainian
17609:Ruthenian
17574:Hungarian
17559:Ethiopian
17534:Bulgarian
17501:sui iuris
17485:Postulant
17394:Religious
17349:Auxiliary
17344:Coadjutor
17314:Patriarch
17182:Cardinals
17129:Canon law
17125:Hierarchy
17107:Disciples
17030:Relations
17018:Evolution
17009:See also:
16954:See also:
16907:Mariology
16897:Matrimony
16870:Eucharist
16791:Ecumenism
16719:Salvation
16655:Catechism
16650:Tradition
16612:Communism
16460:Chalcedon
16056:cardinals
16010:Gentlemen
15998:Palatinus
15984:Commander
15971:Household
15935:Zucchetto
15876:Flabellum
15848:Vestments
15831:High Mass
15816:Diplomacy
15745:Interdict
15144:(904–964)
15136:(756–857)
15130:(537–752)
15124:(493–537)
15116:(312–337)
15014:Pius VIII
14944:Clement X
14878:Urban VII
14828:Adrian VI
14818:Julius II
14798:Sixtus IV
14773:Eugene IV
14718:John XXII
14713:Clement V
14683:Martin IV
14658:Gregory X
14587:Urban III
14572:Adrian IV
14557:Lucius II
14492:Victor II
14437:John XVII
14427:Gregory V
14402:John XIII
14287:Stephen V
14277:Marinus I
14272:John VIII
14267:Adrian II
14237:Valentine
14232:Eugene II
14227:Paschal I
14161:Sisinnius
14146:Sergius I
14081:Severinus
14046:Gregory I
14016:Silverius
13986:Hormisdas
13981:Symmachus
13966:Felix III
13900:Damasus I
13875:Miltiades
13850:Eutychian
13840:Dionysius
13835:Sixtus II
13830:Stephen I
13820:Cornelius
13740:Evaristus
13735:Clement I
13730:Anacletus
13660:canonised
13655:graphical
13488:647415773
13471:742355324
13440:15 August
13408:270566224
13042:), p. 12*
13022:), p. 11*
12638:from the
12491:The Times
12458:The Times
12427:USA Today
12352:11 August
12287:11 August
12260:16 August
12229:16 August
12219:0261-3077
12190:16 August
12180:0190-8286
12126:16 August
12095:16 August
11972:11 August
11888:Denzinger
11728:11 August
11492:11 August
11382:"Gratian"
11334:), p. 23*
11121:John 7:45
10764:), p. 33.
10250:11 August
10071:cathedrae
9496:John 1:42
8875:cite book
8677:Routledge
8615:15 August
8253:Alves J.
7952:Channel 4
7749:11 August
7493:144793259
7485:1465-0045
7101:Routledge
6992:New World
6917:Pope Joan
6818:canon law
6798:, in its
6743:Sisinnius
6715:Urban VII
6688:anti-pope
6676:St. Leo I
6622: 30
6445:Antipopes
6334:last days
6330:Daniel 11
6303:Lutherans
6188:barrister
6060:King John
6038:interdict
6031:Julius II
6014:in 1530.
6012:Charles V
5935:Formation
5915:Residence
5895:Incumbent
5848:Babylonia
5212:(Vatican
4866:Tribunale
4734:Secretary
4649:President
4643:President
4566:Canon law
4368:(554–751)
4316:Hans Küng
4138:Ordo XIII
4083:triregnum
3926:Signature
3871:Pentarchy
3867:Patriarch
3809:Montanist
3759:ἀρχιερεύς
3719:ἀρχιερεύς
3707:ἱεροφύλαξ
3703:ἱερονόμος
3503:Sovereign
3377:Styles of
3323:The body
3253:Adrian VI
3198:triregnum
3143:" by the
3115:"Accepto"
3048:cum clave
2745:(367 A.D)
2530:Alexander
2526:Eviristus
2518:Anacletus
2464:Letter 55
2409:In 1950,
2299:captured
2273:Antipopes
2250:cardinals
2243:purgatory
2188:With the
2135:canon law
2113:and King
2063:In 1049,
1958:, potent
1907:Visigoths
1895:barbarian
1873:declared
1864:Damasus I
1768:Roman See
1738:Jerusalem
1726:presbyter
1721:episcopos
1676: 96
1575:The word
1541:education
1494:ecumenism
1364:sovereign
1322:romanized
1241:Preceptor
1184:Sacristan
1134:Precentor
1114:Ostiarius
1016:Religious
989:Postulant
939:Corrector
872:Venerable
842:Principal
825:Presbyter
805:Palatinus
788:Ostiarius
778:Monsignor
732:Lay abbot
702:Definitor
675:Consultor
670:Confessor
615:Subdeacon
500:Patriarch
423:Protector
245:Cathedral
166:Residence
23259:Holy See
23155:See also
23075:Concepts
22819:Abkhazia
22768:Slovenia
22763:Slovakia
22738:Portugal
22593:Bulgaria
22534:Heads of
22489:Abkhazia
22438:Slovenia
22433:Slovakia
22408:Portugal
22263:Bulgaria
22206:of state
21811:Carthage
21539:Holy See
21423:primates
21367:Category
21299:See also
21253:York Use
21229:British
21068:Language
20976:Barnabas
20947:Syracuse
20882:Humanism
20867:Crusades
20786:Ethiopia
20780:Aquileia
20752:(?−1964)
20750:Carthage
20691:cathedra
20526:See also
20047:Frascati
19919:Treaties
19813:Councils
19741:Advisers
19497:Holy See
19347:Religion
19333:Pope2you
19192:Archives
19137:Heliport
19032:Military
19010:Councils
18906:Politics
18399:Holy See
18378:articles
18332:Category
18225:Opus Dei
18210:Scouting
18200:Focolare
18067:Servites
18052:Piarists
17997:Crosiers
17733:Anglican
17669:Armenian
17599:Romanian
17589:Maronite
17564:Georgian
17554:Eritrean
17539:Chaldean
17524:Armenian
17519:Albanian
17400:Superior
17359:Emeritus
17339:Diocesan
17192:Advisers
17151:Holy See
17077:Prophets
17035:Politics
16806:Catholic
16786:Councils
16641:Theology
16520:Crusades
16455:Nicaea I
16386:Apostles
16364:Ministry
16333:Timeline
16313:Glossary
16211:Antipope
16186:Papabile
16090:Councils
16015:Preacher
15993:Chaplain
15911:Slippers
15891:Mozzetta
15794:Conclave
15773:Blessing
15541:cathedra
15459:Enclaved
15390:Holy See
15301:Category
15275:Cold War
15049:Pius XII
15029:Leo XIII
15004:Pius VII
14873:Sixtus V
14838:Paul III
14813:Pius III
14768:Martin V
14748:Urban VI
14673:John XXI
14668:Adrian V
14648:Urban IV
14522:Urban II
14457:John XIX
14417:John XIV
14397:Leo VIII
14387:John XII
14292:Formosus
14201:Adrian I
14156:John VII
14106:Vitalian
14101:Eugene I
14096:Martin I
14051:Sabinian
14031:John III
14021:Vigilius
13996:Felix IV
13956:Hilarius
13905:Siricius
13895:Liberius
13890:Julius I
13870:Eusebius
13825:Lucius I
13785:Victor I
13770:Anicetus
13750:Sixtus I
13687:Antipope
13540:(2011).
13434:Archived
13430:08015255
13418:(1908).
13374:(1993).
13312:(2003).
13302:51018118
13292:(1950).
13261:15 March
13255:Archived
13235:11025456
13170:(1957).
13146:(1950).
13122:(1997).
13000:30 April
12994:Archived
12968:Archived
12947:Archived
12917:Archived
12893:Archived
12882:Archived
12877:See the
12857:Archived
12831:Archived
12793:4 August
12787:Archived
12761:Archived
12722:Archived
12703:Archived
12681:Archived
12670:Archived
12648:Archived
12632:Archived
12607:Archived
12587:8 August
12581:Archived
12557:8 August
12551:Archived
12501:15 April
12495:Archived
12468:15 April
12437:15 April
12431:Archived
12377:Archived
12320:Archived
12254:Archived
12223:Archived
12184:Archived
12120:Archived
12116:Politico
12089:Archived
12064:Archived
12041:Archived
11992:Archived
11966:Archived
11906:Archived
11895:Archived
11809:Archived
11754:15 April
11748:Archived
11722:Archived
11696:Archived
11666:Archived
11636:Archived
11606:Archived
11581:Archived
11538:Archived
11514:10 April
11486:Archived
11416:Archived
11398:14 April
11392:Archived
11348:(1999).
11312:15 April
11276:Archived
11153:18:15–16
11101:Archived
11091:Plutarch
11062:Polybius
10990:Archived
10955:14 April
10949:Archived
10917:Archived
10887:Archived
10867:14 April
10861:Archived
10822:Archived
10792:Archived
10726:14 April
10720:Archived
10696:14 April
10690:Archived
10660:Archived
10528:Archived
10498:Archived
10446:Archived
10425:14 April
10419:Archived
10344:Archived
10319:15 March
10313:Archived
10277:Archived
10273:ewtn.com
10201:Archived
10171:Archived
10147:21 April
10141:Archived
10110:Archived
10106:BBC News
10062:Archived
10051:Archived
10040:Archived
10005:Archived
9981:Archived
9958:Archived
9934:Archived
9908:Archived
9886:Archived
9868:Archived
9831:Archived
9809:Archived
9791:15 April
9759:Archived
9755:ABC News
9728:Archived
9677:Archived
9601:16 March
9595:Archived
9593:. 2023.
9571:14 April
9565:Archived
9537:Archived
9534:"Cephas"
9518:Archived
9515:"Cephas"
9499:Archived
9471:Archived
9433:Archived
9395:Archived
9353:Archived
9319:Archived
9281:Archived
9214:Archived
9184:Archived
9154:Archived
9124:Archived
9095:Archived
9065:Archived
9003:Archived
8974:Archived
8912:Archived
8859:Archived
8820:Archived
8787:29 March
8781:Archived
8757:29 March
8751:Archived
8708:Archived
8648:Archived
8609:Archived
8570:Archived
8446:Archived
8425:Archived
8278:Archived
8212:Archived
8128:Archived
8045:Archived
7912:14 April
7906:Archived
7873:Archived
7844:14 April
7838:Archived
7743:Archived
7710:15 March
7704:Archived
7515:"Pope",
7442:Archived
7412:Archived
7382:Archived
7212:Archived
7168:Archived
7144:14 April
7138:Archived
6840:See also
6761:Pius III
6658:Pius VII
6652:Adrian I
6640:Leo XIII
6515:and the
6493:Jesuits'
6451:Antipope
6399:quatenus
6360:Christus
6311:heretics
6152:metonyms
6016:Pius VII
5840:Biblical
5787:Cardinal
5214:postcode
4917:Holy See
4628:Archives
4340:a series
4237:anathema
4229:apostles
4142:mozzetta
4095:blazoned
4067:heraldry
4035:flabella
4026:flabella
3738:pontifex
3679:pontifex
3382:The Pope
3333:mourning
3149:adoratio
3044:conclave
3028:Konstanz
2994:Urban VI
2955:Election
2942:—
2928:—
2913:—
2899:—
2757:—
2717:—
2698:—
2666:—
2656:Crescens
2624:Eusebius
2610:—
2600:Eusebius
2582:—
2559:—
2550:Anicetus
2482:—
2271:Various
2111:Henry IV
2017:crowned
1999:Lombards
1956:miracles
1899:Clovis I
1852:Liberius
1844:Arianism
1814:computus
1802:Passover
1785:—
1666:Irenaeus
1612:Heraclas
1458:temporal
1426:Holy See
1342:and the
1109:Notarius
1089:Datarius
905:Sub-dean
852:Reverend
815:Preacher
756:Minister
722:Exorcist
648:Chaplain
403:Cardinal
346:a series
344:Part of
259:Holy See
149:Location
84:Catholic
23197:Portals
22798:Ukraine
22743:Romania
22703:Moldova
22663:Ireland
22658:Iceland
22653:Hungary
22638:Germany
22633:Georgia
22623:Finland
22618:Estonia
22613:Denmark
22598:Croatia
22583:Belgium
22578:Belarus
22568:Austria
22563:Armenia
22558:Andorra
22553:Albania
22468:Ukraine
22413:Romania
22373:Moldova
22333:Ireland
22328:Iceland
22323:Hungary
22308:Germany
22303:Georgia
22293:Finland
22288:Estonia
22283:Denmark
22268:Croatia
22253:Belgium
22248:Belarus
22238:Austria
22233:Armenia
22228:Andorra
22223:Albania
22124:Related
21896:Armenia
21721:(since
21707:(since
21606:Antioch
21542:(since
21355:* also
21213:Defunct
21105:Current
21024:Ambrose
21013:Cyprian
20852:Vulgate
20807:History
20762:Antioch
20743:Defunct
20686:Francis
20668:Current
20440:Outside
20148:Viterbo
20085:Subiaco
19942:of Rome
19940:Diocese
19718:Francis
19554:History
19524:of the
19518:Francis
19419:(Women)
19364:Symbols
19219:Library
19158:Culture
19116:Tourism
19077:Banking
19065:Economy
18962:Francis
18789:Gardens
18674:ceiling
18437:History
18415:Francis
18394:Outline
18297:Schools
18253:Caritas
18161:Secular
18127:Workers
18022:Jesuits
17808:Museums
17803:Library
17781:Writers
17776:Artists
17756:Culture
17723:Paul VI
17604:Russian
17594:Melkite
17436:Brother
17414:General
17354:Titular
17324:Primate
17302:Eparchy
17292:Diocese
17239:Outline
17178:College
17168:Francis
17112:Virgins
17087:Martyrs
17013:Science
16920:History
16875:Penance
16860:Baptism
16761:Worship
16734:Vulgate
16682:Kingdom
16677:Trinity
16665:General
16420:Primacy
16328:History
16308:Outline
16196:Legends
16162:in Rome
16126:Related
16020:Prefect
15986:of the
15896:Pallium
15856:Camauro
15654:Symbols
15450:outline
15427:History
15422:Primacy
15415:of the
15408:Francis
15367:of the
15194:Perugia
15188:Orvieto
15182:Viterbo
15079:Francis
15059:Paul VI
15044:Pius XI
15024:Pius IX
15009:Leo XII
14999:Pius VI
14858:Pius IV
14853:Paul IV
14793:Paul II
14788:Pius II
14738:Urban V
14422:John XV
14367:Leo VII
14362:John XI
14317:John IX
14307:Romanus
14206:Leo III
14181:Zachary
14151:John VI
14086:John IV
14006:John II
13931:Zosimus
13845:Felix I
13810:Anterus
13805:Pontian
13800:Urban I
13760:Hyginus
13637:of the
12974:25 June
12642:, also
11815:29 June
11785:29 June
11193:4:14–15
10073:velatae
10068:), and
9940:25 July
9765:28 June
9446:2:4–9).
9220:9 April
9190:9 April
9160:8 March
9130:31 July
9071:8 March
9042:8 March
8951:1 March
8576:13 June
8006:114–115
6990:of the
6808:Zachary
6784:Stephen
6646:Pius VI
6584:Cao Dai
6530:In the
6184:atheist
6068:tribute
6064:fiefdom
6000:crowned
5973:of the
5943:Website
5899:Francis
5789:Caprara
5711:Outline
5240:Culture
5182:Symbols
5108:Economy
5069:Nuncios
4436:present
4384:Annates
4359:History
4307:charism
4150:cassock
4146:camauro
4132:of the
4091:lappets
4087:infulae
4071:saltire
4017:footmen
3805:Gratian
3742:Vulgate
3671:pontiff
3641:of the
3639:collect
3515:Paul VI
3497:of the
3491:Primate
3261:Francis
2855:Eliakim
2837:Aramaic
2816:John 21
2805:Luke 22
2799:heaven.
2735:Numidia
2731:Milevis
2726:Optatus
2637:Clement
2542:Hyginus
2522:Clement
2216:Avignon
2207:In the
2001:, made
1773:In the
1766:of the
1760:Corinth
1600:bishops
1571:(title)
1551:History
1442:enclave
1420:of the
1403:primacy
1380:Francis
1370:of the
1336:
1324::
1311:, from
1119:Peritus
1039:Almoner
867:Blessed
820:Prefect
737:Abthain
638:Brother
633:Auditor
600:Acolyte
572:Pontiff
567:Provost
562:Prelate
537:Primate
265:Website
235:Diocese
124:Francis
102:in 2021
23146:Simony
23124:Papacy
22920:People
22824:Kosovo
22793:Turkey
22783:Sweden
22758:Serbia
22733:Poland
22728:Norway
22708:Monaco
22678:Latvia
22643:Greece
22628:France
22603:Cyprus
22494:Kosovo
22463:Turkey
22453:Sweden
22428:Serbia
22403:Poland
22398:Norway
22378:Monaco
22348:Latvia
22313:Greece
22298:France
22273:Cyprus
21818:–1076)
21321:Turkey
21316:Latins
21167:Orders
21035:Jerome
20730:Venice
20721:Lisbon
20688:(with
20540:Awards
20459:Villa
20184:Inside
20173:extra-
20143:Tivoli
20057:Albano
19968:Synods
19946:with
19912:Nuncio
19592:Museum
19542:under
19522:bishop
19394:Sports
19371:Anthem
18376:
18175:Fimcap
18117:Marian
18037:Minims
17769:Marian
17619:Syriac
17614:Slovak
17544:Coptic
17480:Oblate
17475:Master
17470:Novice
17465:Hermit
17453:Sister
17409:Abbess
17376:Deacon
17371:Priest
17366:Parish
17309:Bishop
17279:Polity
17065:Joseph
17047:Saints
16714:Saints
16602:Nazism
16107:Synods
15881:Mantle
15871:Ferula
15838:Travel
15585:Titles
15474:, 1929
15413:bishop
15369:bishop
15356:Papacy
15034:Pius X
14914:Paul V
14909:Leo XI
14863:Pius V
14487:Leo IX
14352:Leo VI
14347:John X
14252:Leo IV
14191:Paul I
14136:John V
14126:Leo II
14121:Agatho
13991:John I
13815:Fabian
13765:Pius I
13675:extant
13671:Tombs
13548:
13526:
13505:
13486:
13469:
13428:
13406:
13382:
13360:
13341:
13322:
13300:
13278:
13233:
13214:
13180:
13156:
13132:
13108:
13086:
13065:
13038:
13018:
12383:23 May
12312:
12217:
12178:
12149:
11873:, and
11612:14 May
11576:) and
11572:
11441:
11364:
11330:
11096:9.4 –
10981:
10853:
10784:
10760:
10652:
10622:
10602:
10598:1997.
10409:"Pope"
10371:
10116:19 May
9720:
9477:23 May
9439:23 May
9401:23 May
9359:23 May
9325:23 May
9287:23 May
8904:
8851:
8812:
8703:Luther
8683:
8640:
8601:
8495:
8474:
8406:
8337:
8297:
8261:
8194:
8172:26 May
8012:
7981:
7920:
7812:
7781:
7660:
7635:
7610:
7585:
7560:
7523:
7491:
7483:
7438:Forbes
7408:Forbes
7378:Forbes
7342:
7299:
7244:
7238:
7107:
7078:27 May
7054:
6994:. See
6765:Leo XI
6497:Pius V
6465:heresy
6421:, the
6417:, the
6253:, the
6249:, the
6241:, the
6106:Poland
6040:, and
5980:Attila
5200:Anthem
4886:Papacy
4434:(1929–
4428:(1929)
4403:(1870)
4374:(750s)
4031:canopy
3687:facere
3469:, is:
3369:Titles
3232:term,
3219:hubris
3119:before
3030:where
2979:(1492)
2867:Isaiah
2714:Peter.
2682:155 –
2534:Sixtus
2477:Fabian
2218:. The
2192:, the
2069:simony
2065:Leo IX
2050:Otto I
2032:, the
1981:, the
1968:angels
1964:demons
1960:relics
1939:, Rome
1903:Franks
1595:páppas
1588:πάππας
1537:
1468:, the
1432:under
1416:, the
1414:papacy
1328:páppas
1317:πάππας
1011:Rector
996:Oblate
979:Novice
964:Hermit
944:Custos
924:Abbess
837:Priest
793:Pastor
685:Deacon
680:Curate
610:Lector
512:Bishop
490:Eparch
418:Prince
348:on the
23244:Popes
22778:Spain
22698:Malta
22668:Italy
22448:Spain
22368:Malta
22338:Italy
22204:Heads
21899:(301)
21799:Other
21503:(five
21478:Early
21455:bold/
20988:James
20971:Milan
20959:Malta
20952:Peter
20935:Peter
20792:Grado
20133:Rieti
20103:Gaeta
20032:Ostia
19871:Italy
19864:Heads
19686:under
19413:(Men)
19258:Media
19231:Music
18937:Crime
18555:Pietà
18389:Index
18273:CIDSE
18122:Youth
17846:Media
17813:Music
17738:Zaire
17718:Roman
17708:Braga
17698:Latin
17569:Greek
17441:Friar
17405:Abbot
17319:Major
17234:Index
17133:Laity
16699:Dogma
16646:Bible
16622:Islam
16578:Trent
16359:Jesus
16341:Legal
16303:Index
16139:Black
16044:Staff
15923:Tiara
15906:Shoes
15886:Mitre
15866:Fanon
15861:Falda
15672:Cross
15531:Italy
15467:Italy
15446:index
14823:Leo X
14342:Lando
14327:Leo V
14141:Conon
14116:Donus
13951:Leo I
13855:Caius
13775:Soter
13725:Linus
13720:Peter
13635:Popes
11962:, 25"
11237:13:11
11181:19:21
11177:19:15
11169:18:35
11165:18:26
11161:18:24
11157:18:22
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