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866:
782:
767:
797:
67:
752:
1078:
124:
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812:
560:
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516:, rock carvings and cave paintings. In the mid-19th century shell grit was in high demand as a source of lime for building in the Sydney district. Consequently, mud and oyster rocks were collected in large numbers from Port Hacking catchment, destroying a number of Aboriginal midden sites in the region.
542:
European impacts have been substantial: the river has been effectively dammed at Audley, the dynamics of the frontal part of the marine delta were substantially altered by the creation of a fish hatchery at The Basin, shell grit extraction decimated large seagrass beds, and the entire northern shore
716:
Port
Hacking is a drowned river valley, with a water surface area of 11 square kilometres (4.2 sq mi). With very little industrial and minor agricultural inputs via the Hacking River, the water quality is categorised as 'extremely good', and the extensive inter-tidal shoals provide
459:. Its tidal effect is terminated at the weir at Audley, in the Royal National Park. The lower estuary features a substantial marine delta, which over time has prograded upstream. There is also a substantial fluvial (riverine
965:
712:
Cruises operates a regular passenger ferry service that crosses Port
Hacking, connecting Cronulla and its railway station to Bundeena. They also operate cruises along Port Hacking that depart from Cronulla.
740:
and scuba diving. The distinctive shore feature, Shiprock, sits above the only aquatic reserve in Port
Hacking. It has been protected because of the unique micro environment of marine fauna and flora.
656:
Port
Hacking effectively forms the southern boundary of Sydney's suburban sprawl. Working inland from the sea, the indented north bank of Port Hacking is formed by the suburbs of Cronulla,
976:
447:
south of
Helensburgh, and several smaller creeks, including South West Arm, Bundeena Creek and The Basin and flows generally to the east before reaching its mouth, the
466:
The total catchment area of Port
Hacking is approximately 165 square kilometres (64 sq mi) and the area surrounding the estuary is generally managed by
162:
86:
543:
is urbanised. Port
Hacking has been closed to commercial fishing for about a century, and there are other catch/harvesting closures throughout the Port.
2164:
1046:
1120:
470:. While the area to the north of Port Hacking is urbanised, the area to the south is relatively pristine and forms the northern boundary of the
2724:
1921:
1157:
1554:
852:
906:
Roy, P. S; Williams, R. J; Jones, A. R; Yassini, I; et al. (2001). "Structure and
Function of South-east Australian Estuaries".
1796:
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696:. The southern bank is largely undeveloped land within the Royal National Park, although the small communities of Bundeena and
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1135:
908:
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1649:
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531:(with Bass's servant William "The Boy" Martin) explored the area in early April 1796. They called it Port Hacking after
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935:
1911:
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603:
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2150:
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709:
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352:
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peoples, and their associated clans. They used the bay as an important source of food and a place for trade.
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32:
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expeditions. Hacking was convicted of murder some years after the naming, but the name was retained..
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2201:
1965:
1327:
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803:
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456:
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340:
336:
1111:
391:
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1887:
685:
372:
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512:(or Dharawal) people occupied the catchment area evidenced by hundreds of Aboriginal artefacts,
1780:
1092:
1083:
883:
1165:
1049:. New South Wales Department of Infrastructure, Planning and Natural Resources. Archived from
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1610:
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239:
194:
2462:
1988:
1981:
1753:
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1292:
939:
889:
865:
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Port
Hacking is a popular recreational area, where many activities can be enjoyed such as
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8:
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2013:
2008:
1993:
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471:
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2003:
1936:
225:
2131:
1975:
1953:
1026:
463:) of the Hacking River at Grays Point. The two deltas are separated by a deep basin.
407:
56:
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1970:
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1429:
1001:
972:
917:
721:
536:
524:
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279:
477:
The land adjacent to Port
Hacking was occupied for many thousands of years by the
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1998:
1926:
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The northern headland, located at Cronulla, is called Bass and Flinders Point.
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1352:
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are other localities on the southern bank, in the Royal National Park.
584: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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71:
Looking inland over Port Hacking estuary towards the west from the
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207:
28:
20:
1167:
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133:
107:
24:
2174:
1121:"Port Hacking - Past and Present of an Estuarine Environment"
482:
417:
200:
129:
443:. Port Hacking has its source in the upper reaches of the
421:
204:
732:. The estuary and bays are used for watersports such as
966:"Port Hacking Integrated Environmental Management Plan"
1118:
128:
Port Hacking, the southernmost inlet shown on a 2005
1073:
439:approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of
2716:
155:
1922:Guildford West pipehead and water supply canal
48:
2158:
1151:
1047:"Estuaries of New South Wales - Port Hacking"
508:For more than 8,000 years prior to 1840, the
93:
853:Geographical Names Board of New South Wales
2165:
2151:
1158:
1144:
871:
864:
644:Learn how and when to remove this message
1020:
1000:
849:Geographical Names Register (GNR) of NSW
994:
217:in honour of Henry Hacking, a pilot at
2717:
1112:"NSW Environment and Heritage webpage"
2725:Ports and harbours of New South Wales
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1139:
901:
899:
839:
837:
835:
497:
16:Estuary in southern Sydney, Australia
2697:
909:Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
582:adding citations to reliable sources
553:
392:NSW Environment and Heritage webpage
258:165.3 km (63.8 sq mi)
1039:
519:
13:
1100:Office of Environment and Heritage
975:. 2008. p. 31. Archived from
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832:
294:11.7 km (4.5 sq mi)
14:
2746:
1119:Albani, A. D.; Cotis, G. (2013).
1069:
2696:
2685:
2684:
1076:
810:
795:
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710:Cronulla and National Park Ferry
558:
441:Sydney central business district
122:
92:
85:
65:
569:needs additional citations for
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717:opportunity for wading birds.
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1:
1104:Government of New South Wales
825:
132:image of the urban sprawl of
33:Port Hacking, New South Wales
27:that takes its name from the
106:Location of Port Hacking in
7:
1126:. Sutherland Shire Council.
1007:A Voyage to Terra Australis
10:
2751:
802:Port Hacking estuary near
757:Port Hacking estuary near
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501:
492:
310:105,261.5 km (8.53369
19:This article is about the
18:
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2405:
2186:
2022:
1945:
1904:
1773:Orphan School (Fairfield)
1471:
1402:
1371:
1215:
1180:Major inlets and harbours
1179:
1093:"Hacking River catchment"
1021:Estensen, Miriam (2005).
1010:, London: G. and W. Nicol
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64:
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973:Sutherland Shire Council
892:, Australian Government.
817:Port Hacking estuary at
787:Port Hacking estuary at
772:Port Hacking estuary at
468:Sutherland Shire Council
280:Sutherland Shire Council
2730:Bays of New South Wales
1023:The Life of George Bass
302:9.1 m (30 ft)
49:
1084:New South Wales portal
922:10.1006/ecss.2001.0796
884:Gazetteer of Australia
178:34.06528°S 151.13472°E
2023:Adjoining rivers and
1216:Minor bays and coves
940:Geoscience Australia
890:Geoscience Australia
879:"Port Hacking (NSW)"
845:"Port Hacking (Bay)"
578:improve this article
416:), an open youthful
401:Port Hacking Estuary
183:-34.06528; 151.13472
100:Port Hacking Estuary
43:Port Hacking Estuary
2735:Geography of Sydney
2009:Upper Nepean Scheme
1606:Clear Paddock Creek
1168:Sydney Metropolitan
1025:. Allen and Unwin.
472:Royal National Park
174: /
1937:Upper Canal System
1905:Canals and streams
498:Aboriginal history
455:and north–east of
2712:
2711:
2463:Hen & Chicken
2173:Coastal bays and
2140:
2139:
1976:Manly Dam Reserve
1293:Hen & Chicken
1166:Waterways of the
1002:Flinders, Matthew
700:are found there.
654:
653:
646:
628:
408:Tharawal language
398:
397:
199:An open youthful
2742:
2700:
2699:
2688:
2687:
2167:
2160:
2153:
2144:
2143:
1971:Lake Burragorang
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998:
992:
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989:
987:
982:on 28 March 2011
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942:. Archived from
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799:
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537:kangaroo hunting
525:Matthew Flinders
520:European history
427:, is located in
394:
314:10 acre⋅ft)
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242:
241:Primary outflows
228:
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126:
96:
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2740:
2739:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2676:
2532:
2401:
2182:
2179:New South Wales
2171:
2141:
2136:
2018:
1999:Lake Parramatta
1966:Centennial Park
1941:
1927:Hawthorne Canal
1912:Alexandra Canal
1900:
1627:Coxs (Belfield)
1611:Coal and Candle
1467:
1398:
1367:
1211:
1175:
1172:New South Wales
1164:
1123:
1110:
1095:
1091:
1082:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1067:
1066:
1056:
1054:
1053:on 16 July 2005
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828:
821:
815:
806:
800:
791:
785:
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761:
755:
746:
666:Caringbah South
650:
639:
633:
630:
587:
585:
575:
563:
552:
522:
506:
504:Tharawal people
500:
495:
433:New South Wales
429:southern Sydney
390:
353:Caringbah South
311:
276:Managing agency
266: countries
227:Primary inflows
182:
180:
176:
173:
168:
165:
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149:New South Wales
145:Southern Sydney
136:
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112:New South Wales
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97:
76:
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36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2579:
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2539:Sydney Harbour
2534:
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2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
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2450:
2445:
2443:Careening Cove
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2414:
2412:
2409:Sydney Harbour
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2400:
2399:
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2284:
2279:
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2269:
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2259:
2257:Catherine Hill
2254:
2249:
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2239:
2234:
2232:Brisbane Water
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2193:
2191:
2189:Sydney Harbour
2184:
2183:
2170:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2147:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
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2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2041:Brisbane Water
2037:
2029:
2027:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1978:
1973:
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1754:Middle Harbour
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1632:Cup and Saucer
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1258:Careening Cove
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1217:
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1199:
1197:Middle Harbour
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1070:External links
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946:on 29 May 2007
936:"Port Hacking"
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634:September 2022
593:"Port Hacking"
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1961:Botany Swamps
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1032:1-74114-130-3
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595: –
594:
590:
589:Find sources:
583:
579:
573:
572:
567:This section
565:
561:
556:
555:
547:
544:
540:
538:
534:
533:Henry Hacking
530:
526:
517:
515:
511:
505:
490:
488:
484:
480:
475:
473:
469:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
445:Hacking River
442:
438:
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317:
309:
305:
301:
299:Average depth
297:
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245:
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233:Hacking River
231:
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88:
79:
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68:
63:
58:
51:
46:
41:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
2701:
2689:
2647:Port Hacking
2646:
2538:
2498:Port Jackson
2408:
2262:Chain Valley
2217:Boat Harbour
2188:
2039:
2032:
2024:
1980:
1952:
1917:Busby's Bore
1827:Second Ponds
1680:Green Valley
1511:Bellamy Farm
1472:
1442:
1207:Port Hacking
1206:
1202:Port Jackson
1099:
1055:. Retrieved
1051:the original
1041:
1022:
1016:
1005:
996:
984:. Retrieved
977:the original
960:
948:. Retrieved
944:the original
930:
913:
907:
882:
873:
856:. Retrieved
848:
738:water skiing
734:wakeboarding
719:
715:
674:Port Hacking
655:
640:
631:
621:
614:
607:
600:
588:
576:Please help
571:verification
568:
545:
541:
523:
507:
476:
465:
412:
411:
400:
399:
361:Port Hacking
326:
307:Water volume
291:Surface area
219:Port Jackson
37:
2557:Bittangabee
2513:Rushcutters
2433:Blackwattle
2181:, Australia
2132:Wollondilly
1932:Tank Stream
1777:Pendle Hill
1761:Minchinbury
1673:First Ponds
1568:Bungarribee
1562:Brickmakers
1338:Rushcutters
1243:Blackwattle
1174:, Australia
1170:catchment,
1131:Deeban Spit
1057:6 September
916:: 351–384.
819:Grays Point
789:Lilli Pilli
774:Lilli Pilli
694:Grays Point
678:Lilli Pilli
550:Description
529:George Bass
451:, south of
420:dominated,
381:Grays Point
365:Lilli Pilli
333:Settlements
203:dominated,
181: /
169:151°08′05″E
156:Coordinates
2719:Categories
2667:Woolooware
2662:Wattamolla
2632:Mackenzies
2612:Jervis Bay
2597:Gunnamatta
2418:Balls Head
2367:Salamander
2312:Fishermans
2127:Warragamba
2077:Hollanders
1982:Paddington
1946:Reservoirs
1884:Werrington
1872:Toongabbie
1700:Greystanes
1670:Finlaysons
1578:Cabramatta
1481:A'Becketts
1453:Parramatta
1443:(proposed)
1430:Hawkesbury
1363:Woolooware
1228:Balls Head
1192:Broken Bay
1187:Botany Bay
826:References
706:Gundamaian
670:Dolans Bay
658:Woolooware
604:newspapers
487:Aboriginal
449:Tasman Sea
405:Aboriginal
357:Dolans Bay
345:Woolooware
247:Tasman Sea
166:34°03′55″S
73:Tasman Sea
23:. For the
2577:Burraneer
2537:South of
2473:Iron Cove
2458:Elizabeth
2337:Myuna Bay
2267:Chittaway
2187:North of
2102:Macdonald
2087:Jooriland
1994:Petersham
1989:Penshurst
1985:(disused)
1957:(disused)
1868:Thompsons
1810:Saleyards
1790:Punchbowl
1747:McMahon's
1744:McKenzies
1717:Johnstons
1712:Iron Cove
1688:Glenbrook
1667:Excelsior
1602:Claremont
1555:Breakfast
1547:Boggywell
1535:Blacktown
1458:Pittwater
1435:Lane Cove
1394:Narrabeen
1384:Curl Curl
1303:Iron Cove
1278:Elizabeth
1248:Burraneer
986:8 January
858:8 January
759:Burraneer
690:Gymea Bay
682:Yowie Bay
662:Burraneer
437:Australia
377:Gymea Bay
369:Yowie Bay
349:Burraneer
270:Australia
214:Etymology
2691:Category
2552:Batemans
2478:Lavender
2468:Homebush
2347:One Mile
2282:Croudace
2222:Bonnells
2112:Mulwaree
2062:Cordeaux
2052:Cataract
2014:Waverley
2004:Prospect
1892:Williams
1880:Vineyard
1815:Salt Pan
1786:Prospect
1750:Maxwells
1726:Knapsack
1697:Grantham
1641:Deadmans
1618:Cosgrove
1571:Burdekin
1559:Brennans
1543:Blue Gum
1539:Blaxland
1527:Bidjigal
1514:Bellbird
1499:Bardwell
1494:Badgerys
1463:Woronora
1308:Lavender
1298:Homebush
1004:(1814),
804:Warumbul
722:swimming
702:Warumbul
698:Maianbar
510:Tharawal
479:Tharawal
457:Bundeena
453:Cronulla
341:Cronulla
337:Bundeena
141:Location
57:Dharawal
2703:Commons
2652:Twofold
2642:Mystery
2617:Kogarah
2602:Gwawley
2582:Callala
2523:Watsons
2518:Towlers
2508:Rozelle
2488:Neutral
2406:Within
2397:Woy Woy
2392:Warners
2382:Toowoon
2377:Tanilba
2357:Phegans
2332:Morning
2322:Kilaben
2302:Fennell
2277:Crangan
2097:Kowmung
2092:Kedumba
2082:Jenolan
1954:Balmain
1854:Subiaco
1819:Sawmill
1793:Quakers
1781:Powells
1764:O'Hares
1741:McCarrs
1738:Marsden
1704:Haslams
1684:Frenchs
1664:Eskdale
1660:Erskine
1655:Eastern
1615:Coopers
1598:Charity
1594:Carroll
1582:Caddies
1531:Bilgola
1523:Berowra
1508:Bedford
1425:Hacking
1420:Georges
1379:Dee Why
1372:Lagoons
1348:Watsons
1343:Towlers
1333:Rozelle
1318:Neutral
1283:Gwawley
744:Gallery
730:boating
726:fishing
686:Miranda
618:scholar
514:middens
493:History
485:, both
425:estuary
387:Website
373:Miranda
208:estuary
29:estuary
21:estuary
2657:Weeney
2627:Little
2592:Dolans
2587:Coogee
2572:Botany
2567:Bonnet
2493:Oatley
2483:Mosman
2453:Double
2448:Cockle
2438:Canada
2428:Berrys
2423:Bantry
2352:Oyster
2342:Nelson
2327:Lovett
2317:Hardys
2307:Fingal
2297:Empire
2292:Elvina
2287:Crowdy
2247:Careel
2237:Broken
2227:Booker
2207:Bateau
2175:inlets
2117:Nattai
1888:Whites
1864:Terrys
1859:Tarban
1850:Stoney
1836:Smiths
1831:Smalls
1801:Rileys
1732:Little
1676:Forbes
1645:Devlin
1591:Careel
1585:Cahill
1574:Byrnes
1489:Archer
1473:Creeks
1448:Nepean
1440:Lennox
1403:Rivers
1353:Weeney
1323:Oatley
1313:Mosman
1273:Double
1268:Dolans
1263:Cockle
1253:Canada
1238:Berrys
1233:Bantry
1029:
950:7 July
886:online
620:
613:
606:
599:
591:
413:Deeban
323:Frozen
108:Sydney
53:
50:Deeban
31:, see
25:suburb
2672:Yowie
2637:Malua
2607:Gymea
2562:Bondi
2528:White
2387:Trial
2372:Shoal
2272:Cogra
2252:Carey
2242:Byron
2197:Akuna
2122:Tarlo
2072:Grose
2047:Burke
2034:Akuna
1896:Wolli
1846:Still
1841:South
1823:Scout
1805:Ropes
1797:Reedy
1735:Lowes
1729:Lalor
1722:Kemps
1708:Hunts
1622:Cowan
1551:Bonds
1518:Bells
1485:Angus
1410:Cooks
1389:Manly
1358:White
1288:Gymea
1223:Akuna
1124:(PDF)
1096:(map)
980:(PDF)
969:(PDF)
625:JSTOR
611:books
461:delta
327:never
264:Basin
2622:Kyle
2547:Bate
2503:Rose
2212:Blue
2202:Anna
2067:Coxs
2057:Colo
2025:bays
1758:Mill
1693:Gore
1650:Duck
1588:Camp
1504:Bare
1415:Duck
1328:Rose
1059:2005
1027:ISBN
988:2012
952:2006
860:2013
736:and
728:and
704:and
692:and
597:news
527:and
483:Eora
481:and
418:tide
201:tide
195:Type
130:NASA
2177:of
1876:Two
918:doi
580:by
2721::
1102:.
1098:.
971:.
938:.
914:53
912:.
898:^
888:.
881:.
851:.
847:.
834:^
724:,
688:,
684:,
680:,
676:,
672:,
668:,
664:,
660:,
474:.
435:,
431:,
410::
379:,
375:,
371:,
367:,
363:,
359:,
355:,
351:,
347:,
343:,
339:,
147:,
110:,
2166:e
2159:t
2152:v
1159:e
1152:t
1145:v
1114:.
1106:.
1061:.
1035:.
990:.
954:.
924:.
920::
862:.
647:)
641:(
636:)
632:(
622:·
615:·
608:·
601:·
574:.
403:(
312:×
282:,
75:.
59:)
55:(
35:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
