History of Oceania

3311: 2032: 1564: 38: 1683: 3084: 66: 3386: 3735: 100: 1663: 3155: 2333: 1723: 1107: 3296: 1317: 2209: 1762: 1967: 3463: 2645: 1616: 1801: 440:, who had migrated into the area somewhat more than 3,000 years ago, came into contact with these pre-existing populations of Papuan-speaking peoples. In the late 20th century, some academics proposed a long period of interaction that led to numerous complex changes in the peoples' genetics, languages, and cultures. Kayser, et al. proposed that, from this area, a very small group of people (speaking an Austronesian language) departed to the east to become the forebears of the 1747: 1647: 2892: 403:, which have been dated at about 40,000 years old, but the time of arrival of the ancestors of Indigenous Australians is a matter of debate among researchers, with estimates dating back as far as 125,000 years ago. There is great diversity among different Indigenous communities and societies in Australia, each with its own unique mixture of cultures, customs and languages. In present-day Australia these groups are further divided into local communities. 1707: 2424: 1097: 2562: 237: 1793: 2900: 550: 2302: 598:(Period of the Nahnmwarki, c. 1628 to c. 1885). Pohnpeian legend recounts that the Saudeleur rulers, the first to bring government to Pohnpei, were of foreign origin. The Saudeleur centralized form of absolute rule is characterized in Pohnpeian legend as becoming increasingly oppressive over several generations. Arbitrary and onerous demands, as well as a reputation for offending Pohnpeian deities, sowed resentment among 1944: 875: 448: 977: 561: 3621: 3038: 1563: 2196:, or more particularly the mast formation, sails and rigging, resembled certain significant artefacts that formed part of the season of worship. Similarly, Cook's clockwise route around the island of Hawaii before making landfall resembled the processions that took place in a clockwise direction around the island during the Lono festivals. It has been argued (most extensively by 58: 3446:, the Japanese were now on the defensive, marking the limit of the Japanese advance southwards. The Japanese subsequently withdrew to establish a defensive position on the north coast, but they were followed by the Australians who recaptured Kokoda on 2 November. Further fighting continued into November and December as the Australian and 6270:. New York: Octagon Books, 1975. (Reprint by special arrangement with Yale University Press. Originally published at New Haven: Yale University Press, 1928), p. 574; the Tripartite Convention (United States, Germany, Great Britain) was signed at Washington on 2 December 1899 with ratification exchanged on 16 February 1900 3598:. In September 1995, France stirred up widespread protests by resuming nuclear testing at Fangataufa atoll after a three-year moratorium. The last test was on 27 January 1996. On 29 January 1996, France announced that it would accede to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, and no longer test nuclear weapons. 3955:

Rasmussen, M.; Guo, X.; Wang, Y.; Lohmueller, K. E.; Rasmussen, S.; Albrechtsen, A.; Skotte, L.; Lindgreen, S.; Metspalu, M.; Jombart, T.; Kivisild, T.; Zhai, W.; Eriksson, A.; Manica, A.; Orlando, L.; de la Vega, F. M.; Tridico, S.; Metspalu, E.; Nielsen, K.; Avila-Arcos, M. C.; Moreno-Mayar, J. V.;

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Modern archeology, anthropology and linguistic studies confirm widespread Tongan cultural influence ranging widely through East 'Uvea, Rotuma, Futuna, Samoa and Niue, parts of Micronesia (Kiribati, Pohnpei), Vanuatu, and New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands, and while some academics prefer the term

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in Alaska. In a single visit, Cook charted the majority of the North American north-west coastline on world maps for the first time, determined the extent of Alaska, and closed the gaps in Russian (from the West) and Spanish (from the South) exploratory probes of the Northern limits of the Pacific.

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Moreover, a recent study which included radiocarbon dates from what is thought to be very early material suggests that the island was settled as recently as 1200 CE. This seems to be supported by a 2006 study of the island's deforestation, which could have started around the same time. A large, now

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in the Tuamotu Archipelago was selected as the new testing site. Moruroa atoll became notorious as a site of French nuclear testing, primarily because tests were carried out there after most Pacific testing had ceased. These tests were opposed by most other nations in Oceania. The last atmospheric

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interbred in Asia with these humans. He has found that people of New Guinea share 4–6% of their genome with the Denisovans, indicating this exchange. The Denisovans are considered cousin to the Neanderthals; both groups are now understood to have migrated out of Africa, with the Neanderthals going

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The study found a high rate of genetic differentiation and diversity among the groups living within the Melanesian islands, with the peoples distinguished by island, language, topography, and geography among the islands. Such diversity developed over their tens of thousands of years of settlement

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attempted to introduce a series of bills which would have, amongst other things, pardoned those involved in the 2000 coup. Bainimarama, concerned that the legal and racial injustices of the previous coups would be perpetuated, staged his own coup. It was internationally condemned, and Fiji again

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In 1940 the administration of French Polynesia recognized the Free French Forces and many Polynesians served in World War II. Unknown at the time to French and Polynesians, the Konoe Cabinet in Imperial Japan on 16 September 1940 included French Polynesia among the many territories which were to

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Micronesia began to be settled several millennia ago, although there are competing theories about the origin and arrival of the first settlers. There are numerous difficulties with conducting archaeological excavations in the islands, due to their size, settlement patterns and storm damage. As a

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again. On his first voyage, Cook had demonstrated by circumnavigating New Zealand that it was not attached to a larger landmass to the south. Although he charted almost the entire eastern coastline of Australia, showing it to be continental in size, the Terra Australis was believed by the Royal

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are descriptions sometimes given to Tongan expansionism and projected hegemony dating back to 950 CE, but at its peak during the period 1200–1500. While modern researchers and cultural experts attest to widespread Tongan influence and evidences of transoceanic trade and exchange of material and

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After the fall of Toma, only minor German forces were left in New Guinea and these generally capitulated once met by Australian forces. In December 1914, one German officer near Angorum attempted resist the occupation with thirty native police but his force deserted him after they fired on an

867:. The area of Tonga, Fiji, and Samoa served as a gateway into the rest of the Pacific region now known as Polynesia. Ancient Tongan mythologies, as recorded by early European explorers, report the islands of 'Ata and Tongatapu as the first islands hauled to the surface from the deep ocean by 2255:. The Hawaiians prevented this, and Cook's men had to retreat to the beach. As Cook turned his back to help launch the boats, he was struck on the head by the villagers and then stabbed to death as he fell on his face in the surf. Hawaiian tradition says that he was killed by a chief named 466:

in 2008; based on genome scans and evaluation of more than 800 genetic markers among a wide variety of Pacific peoples, it found that neither Polynesians nor Micronesians have much genetic relation to Melanesians. Both groups are strongly related genetically to East Asians, particularly

471:. It appeared that, having developed their sailing outrigger canoes, the Polynesian ancestors migrated from East Asia, moved through the Melanesian area quickly on their way, and kept going to eastern areas, where they settled. They left little genetic evidence in Melanesia. 955:

The first settlements in Fiji were started by voyaging traders and settlers from the west about 5000 years ago. Lapita pottery shards have been found at numerous excavations around the country. Aspects of Fijian culture are similar to the Melanesian culture of the western

823:". The Lapita people had given up rice production, for instance, after encountering and adapting to breadfruit in the Bird's Head area of New Guinea. In the end, the most eastern site for Lapita archaeological remains recovered so far has been through work on the 1892:

Cook then voyaged west, reaching the south-eastern coast of Australia on 19 April 1770, and in doing so his expedition became the first recorded Europeans to have encountered its eastern coastline. On 23 April he made his first recorded direct observation of

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by some Hawaiians who treated Cook as an incarnation of Lono. Though this view was first suggested by members of Cook's expedition, the idea that any Hawaiians understood Cook to be Lono, and the evidence presented in support of it, were challenged in 1992.

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The esteem which the islanders nevertheless held for Cook caused them to retain his body. Following their practice of the time, they prepared his body with funerary rituals usually reserved for the chiefs and highest elders of the society. The body was

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Samoa became the first pacific nation to gain independence in 1962. Nauru became second in 1968, followed by Fiji and Tonga in 1970 and numerous other nations in the 1970s and 1980s. The South Pacific Forum was founded in 1971, which became the

2411:, who reigned Niue from 1887 to 1896, offered to cede sovereignty to the British Empire, fearing the consequences of annexation by a less benevolent colonial power. The offer was not accepted until 1900. Niue was a British protectorate, but the 794:

Slow Boat model: Similar to the express-train model but with a longer hiatus in Melanesia along with admixture (genetically, culturally and linguistically) with the local population. This is supported by the Y-chromosome data of Kayser

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but have a stronger connection to the older Polynesian cultures. Stretching across 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) from east to west, Fiji has been a nation of many languages. Fiji's history was one of settlement but also of mobility.

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In sight of Port Moresby itself, the Japanese began to run out of momentum against the Australians who began to receive further reinforcements. Having outrun their supply lines and following the reverses suffered by the Japanese at

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Atoll were forced to abandon their island. Three years later the islanders were allowed to return, but suffered abnormally high levels of cancer. They were evacuated again in 1985 and in 1996 given $ 45 million in compensation.

1907:…and were so near the Shore as to distinguish several people upon the Sea beach they appear'd to be of a very dark or black Colour but whether this was the real colour of their skins or the Cothes they might have on I know not 968:

between warring tribes were quite rampant and very much part of everyday life. In later centuries, the reputation of the cannibal lifestyle deterred European sailors from going near Fijian waters, and Fiji acquired the name

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at 900 BCE, the small differences in dates with Samoa being due to differences in radiocarbon-dating technologies between 1989 and 2010, the Tongan site apparently predating the Samoan site by some few decades in real time.

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for repairs. Tensions rose, and a number of quarrels broke out between the Europeans and Hawaiians. On 14 February 1779, at Kealakekua Bay, some Hawaiians took one of Cook's small boats. As thefts were quite common in

2047:, but turned towards Tahiti to resupply his ship. He then resumed his southward course in a second fruitless attempt to find the supposed continent. On this leg of the voyage he brought a young Tahitian named 1722: 3781:

On 1 May 1979, in recognition of the evolving political status of the Marshall Islands, the United States recognized the constitution of the Marshall Islands and the establishment of the Government of the

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In 1946, French Polynesians were granted French citizenship and the islands' status was changed to an overseas territory; the islands' name was changed in 1957 to Polynésie Française (French Polynesia).

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Entangled Bank model: Emphasizes the long history of Austronesian speakers' cultural and genetic interactions with indigenous Island South-East Asians and Melanesians along the way to becoming the first

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Burley, David V.; Barton, Andrew; Dickinson, William R.; Connaughton, Sean P.; Taché, Karine (2010). "Nukuleka as a Founder Colony for West Polynesian Settlement: New Insights from Recent Excavations".

2478:. Between 1873 and 1876, 4,200 political prisoners were "relegated" in New Caledonia. Only forty of them settled in the colony, the rest returned to France after being granted amnesty in 1879 and 1880. 5347:("Father Lord") has made some historians suspect that Hotu Matua was added to Easter Island mythology only in the 1860s, along with adopting the Mangarevan language. The "real" founder would have been 807:

In the archaeological record there are well-defined traces of this expansion, allowing researchers to follow and date the path it took with some certainty. It is thought that by roughly 1400 BCE,

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unsuccessfully lobbied for British protection in 1888, so in 1889 they were annexed by France. Postage stamps were first issued in the colony in 1892. The first official name for the colony was

1496:. As Tasman sailed out of the bay he was again attacked, this time by 11 waka . The waka approached the Zeehan which fired and hit one Māori who fell down. Canister shot hit the side of a waka. 1472:

After some exploration, Tasman had intended to proceed in a northerly direction but as the wind was unfavourable he steered east. On 13 December they sighted land on the north-west coast of the

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as part of a strategy of isolating Australia from the United States. Initially only limited Australian forces were available to oppose them, and after making rapid progress the Japanese

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before the Polynesian ancestors ever arrived at the islands. For instance, populations developed differently in coastal areas, as opposed to those in more isolated mountainous valleys.

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was planning in South-East Asia against overseas territories of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and the United States. There were simultaneous Japanese attacks on the U.S.-held

3640:, who originally came to the islands as indentured labor in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The 1987 coup followed the election of a multi-ethnic coalition, which 3072:

All other German and Austrian possessions in Asia and the Pacific fell without bloodshed. Naval warfare was common; all of the colonial powers had naval squadrons stationed in the

1003:. There is considerable uncertainty about the accuracy of this legend as well as about the date of settlement. Published literature suggests the island was settled around 300–400 3382:

to supply the Japanese garrison on Guadalcanal. Of more than 36,000 Japanese on Guadalcanal, about 26,000 were killed or missing, 9,000 died of disease, and 1,000 were captured.

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become Japanese possessions in the post-war world—though in the course of the war in the Pacific the Japanese were not able to launch an actual invasion of the French islands.

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In 1852, French Polynesia was granted partial internal autonomy; in 1984, the autonomy was extended. French Polynesia became a full overseas collectivity of France in 2004.

1052:), was one of the dominant trees as attested by fossil evidence; this species, unique to Easter Island, became extinct due to deforestation by the early Polynesian settlers. 3371:

operating in remote locations, often on Japanese held islands, providing early warning and intelligence of Japanese naval, army and aircraft movements during the campaign.

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Additional DNA analysis has taken research into new directions, as more human species have been discovered since the late 20th century. Based on his genetic studies of the

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was settled before or around 3500 to 1000 BC, although the details of Pacific migration remain vague. It is believed that the Lapita people or the ancestors of the

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who now comprise the majority of people in China and Taiwan. There are three theories regarding the prehistoric spread of humans across the Pacific to Polynesia. Kayser

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Dunn, Michael; Angela Terrill; Ger Reesink; Robert A. Foley; Stephen C. Levinson (2005). "Structural Phylogenetics and the Reconstruction of Ancient Language History".

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by Professor Friedrich Ratzel, Book II, Section A, The Races of Oceania p. 165, picture of a stick chart from the Marshall Islands. MacMillan and Co., published 1896.

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Australia's first inhabitants, the Aboriginal people, are believed to have migrated from some unknown point in Asia to Australia between 50,000 and 60,000 years ago.

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became an important and bloody campaign fought in the Pacific War as the Allies began to repulse Japanese expansion. Of strategic importance during the war were the

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The first Dutch government posts were established in 1898 and in 1902: Manokwari on the north coast, Fak-Fak in the west and Merauke in the south at the border with

3714:. These were resisted by Papua New Guinea primarily because of the presence in Bougainville of the Panguna mine, which was vital to Papua New Guinea's economy. The 2082:. He then turned north to South Africa, and from there continued back to England. His reports upon his return home put to rest the popular myth of Terra Australis. 667:

The first people of the Northern Mariana Islands navigated to the islands at some period between 4000 BCE to 2000 BCE from Southeast Asia. They became known as the

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clashed with under strength Australian forces at Awala, forcing them back to Kokoda. A number of Japanese attacks were subsequently fought off by the Australian

2714:"); and in 1906, transferred all remaining responsibility to Australia. During World War I, Australian forces seized German New Guinea, which in 1920 became the 1499:

Archeological research has shown the Dutch had tried to land at a major agricultural area, which the Māori may have been trying to protect. Tasman named the bay

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settled there over 4,000 years ago. A decentralized chieftain-based system eventually evolved into a more centralized economic and religious culture centered on

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died of malaria. Peacekeeping troops led by Australia have been in the region since the late 1990s, and a referendum on independence will be held in the 2010s.

2466:, and from the 1860s until the end of the transportations in 1897, about 22,000 criminals and political prisoners were sent to New Caledonia, among them many 1682: 1277:, the Manila galleons formed one of the first global maritime exchange in human history, linking Seville in Spain with Manila in the Philippines, via Mexico. 2471: 498:

Melanesians of some islands are one of the few non-European peoples, and the only dark-skinned group of people outside Australia, known to have blond hair.

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as French. In 1885, France appointed a governor and established a general council, thus giving it the proper administration for a colony. The islands of

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Su, B.; Underhill, P.; Martinson, J.; Saha, N.; McGarvey, S.T.; Shriver, M.D.; Chu, J.; Oefner, P.; Chakraborty, R.; Chakraborty, R.; Deka, R. (2000).

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The Saudeleur era lasted around 500 years. Legend generally dates their downfall to the 1500s, however archaeologists date Saudeleur ruins to c. 1628.

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Rapanui's Tu'u ko Iho Versus Mangareva's 'Atu Motua. Evidence for Multiple Reanalysis and Replacement in Rapanui Settlement Traditions, Easter Island.

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The burnt out remains of Govinda's Restaurant in Suva: over 100 shops and businesses were ransacked in Suva's central business district on 19 May 2000

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Some of the most intense fighting of the Second World War occurred in the Solomons. The most significant of the Allied Forces' operations against the

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and nearby islands. Indigenous Australians migrated from Africa to Asia around 70,000 years ago and arrived in Australia around 50,000 years ago. The

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to Samoa looking for an alliance against colonial powers. It ended in suspicions from the German Navy and embarrassment for the conduct of the crew.

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Islands Tasman's ships came close to being wrecked on the dangerous reefs of the north-eastern part of the Fiji group. He charted the eastern tip of

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crossed the Pacific from Mexico to the Philippines and back, in the first transpacific trade route in history. Combined with the Spanish Atlantic or

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New Zealand and Australian military personnel boarding a Sea Hawk helicopter as part of the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands in 2007

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and U.S. Marines and Army troops later took control of the islands from the Japanese on 3 February, following intense fighting on Kwajalein and

1761: 891:, constructed of three coral limestone slabs each weighing at least 30–40 tons It was built at the beginning of the 13th century under the 11th 783:

by roughly 1400 BCE, reaching western Polynesian islands about 900 BCE. This theory is supported by the majority of current human genetic data,

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In 1905 the British government transferred some administrative responsibility over south-east New Guinea to Australia (which renamed the area "

2703:. The German, Dutch and British colonial administrators each attempted to suppress the still-widespread practices of inter-village warfare and 2150:

From the Sandwich Islands Cook sailed north and then north-east to explore the west coast of North America north of the Spanish settlements in

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On 24 November 1642 Abel Tasman sighted the west coast of Tasmania, north of Macquarie Harbour. He named his discovery Van Diemen's Land after

691:. Micronesian colonists gradually settled the Marshall Islands during the 2nd millennium BCE, with inter-island navigation made possible using 3673:. Many indigenous Fijians were unhappy at the treatment of Speight and his supporters, feeling that the coup had been legitimate. In 2006 the 3095:

in August 1914 by New Zealand forces. The campaign to take Samoa ended without bloodshed after over 1,000 New Zealanders landed on the German

2722:. The territories under Australian administration became collectively known as The Territories of Papua and New Guinea (until February 1942). 6715: 5595: 2431:

French Catholic missionaries arrived on Tahiti in 1834; their expulsion in 1836 caused France to send a gunboat in 1838. In 1842, Tahiti and

1484:) at the south of the tip of South America. Proceeding north and then east, he stopped to gather water, but one of his boats was attacked by 944:

arrived; they may have had some influence on the new culture, and archaeological evidence shows that Polynesians would have then moved on to

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result, much evidence is based on linguistic analysis. The earliest archaeological traces of civilization have been found on the island of

6160: 6074: 2031: 2681: 2657: 3685:, warned Fijian officials of an Australian Naval fleet within proximity of Fiji that would respond to any attacks against its citizens. 3487: 1833: 1428: 1388: 1205: 421:

still roamed Europe. The original inhabitants of the group of islands now named Melanesia were likely the ancestors of the present-day

2462:(Nouméa) was founded 25 June 1854. A few dozen free settlers settled on the west coast in the following years. New Caledonia became a 2123:

around the American continent. After dropping Omai at Tahiti, Cook travelled north and in 1778 became the first European to visit the

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The first settlers of Australia, New Guinea, and the large islands just to the east arrived between 50,000 and 30,000 years ago, when

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in 1942 and 1947 respectively, marking their legislative independence from the United Kingdom. Hawaii became a U.S. state in 1959.

3114:. A company of Australians and a British warship besieged the Germans and their colonial subjects, ending with a German surrender. 2247:

and the other islands, Cook would have taken hostages until the stolen articles were returned. He attempted to take as hostage the

1713: 425:-speaking people. Migrating from Southeast Asia, they appear to have occupied these islands as far east as the main islands in the 258: 6300:. Official Histories, Australian War Memorial (9th edition, 1941 ed.). Sydney, Australia: Angus and Robertson. Archived from 4815:

Kayser, M.; Brauer, S.; Cordaux, R.; Casto, A.; Lao, O.; Zhivotovsky, L.A.; Moyse-Faurie, C.; Rutledge, R.B.; et al. (2006).

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The Japanese subsequently invaded New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and other Pacific islands. The Japanese were turned back at the

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over a century earlier, in 1642). Cook mapped the complete New Zealand coastline, making only some minor errors (such as calling

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Oceania was first explored by Europeans from the 16th century onwards. Portuguese navigators, between 1512 and 1526, reached the

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and on 28 November 1520 entered the ocean which he named "Pacific". The three remaining ships, led by Magellan and his captains

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Muller, C.; Dortch, J.; Gilbert, M. T. P.; Lund, O.; Wesolowska, A.; Karmin, M.; Weinert, L. A.; Wang, B.; et al. (2011).

2859: 1910: 495:. The evidence from Melanesia suggests their territory extended into south Asia, where ancestors of the Melanesians developed. 491:

into Europe, and the Denisovans heading east about 400,000 years ago. This is based on genetic evidence from a fossil found in

2637:, which he claimed for Spain in July 1606. On 18 October his expedition reached the western part of the island in present-day 2505:(Settlements in Oceania); in 1903 the general council was changed to an advisory council and the colony's name was changed to 2231:

After a month's stay, Cook resumed his exploration of the Northern Pacific. Shortly after leaving Hawaii Island, however, the

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as a resting place for west-bound galleons. For a long time this was the only non-coastal European settlement in the Pacific.

6656: 6627: 6563: 6544: 6471: 6143: 5494: 4401: 2259:. The Hawaiians dragged his body away. Four of Cook's men were also killed and two others were wounded in the confrontation. 2028:, and eventually sailed back to Britain, while Cook continued to explore the Antarctic, reaching 71°10'S on 31 January 1774. 1424: 1269:

found a wind system that would allow ships to sail eastward from Asia, back to the Americas. From then until 1815 the annual

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began attacking the mine in 1988, forcing its closure the following year. Further BRA activity led to the declaration of a

3669:, who was opposed to Speight, then took over and appointed a new Prime Minister. Speight was later tried and convicted for 2144: 1836:

were made. Once the observations were completed, Cook opened the sealed orders which were additional instructions from the

4494:. Asian and Pacific Archaeology. Social Science Research Institute, University of Hawaii at Manoa. pp. 14, 254, 258. 4708:. Center for Pacific Islands Studies, School of Hawaiian, Asian & Pacific Studies, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa: 34 2393: 1234:

From 1527 to 1595 a number of other large Spanish expeditions crossed the Pacific Ocean, leading to the discovery of the

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Kayser, Manfred; Silke Brauer; Gunter Weiss; Peter A. Underhill; Lutz Rower; Wulf Schiefenhövel; Mark Stoneking (2000).

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in the place called Lalopua (from Official documents of the Tuimanuʻa government, 1893; Office of the Governor, 2004).

2361:, which later became a British colony. Britain also established colonies in Australia in 1788, New Zealand in 1840 and 2140: 1557:, Tasmania and New Zealand were not visited by Europeans—mainland Australia was visited, but usually only by accident. 995:

recorded local oral traditions about the original settlers. In these traditions, Easter Islanders claimed that a chief

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or Pacific Oceans. These fleets operated by supporting the invasions of German held territories and by destroying the

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A successive European claim occurred in 1828, when the Netherlands formally claimed the western half of the island as

6608: 6586: 6525: 6503: 6427: 6251: 6194: 6060: 5549: 5399: 5096: 5011: 4738: 4667: 4633: 4572: 4533: 4499: 4465: 4428: 4184: 4029: 2384:) came under Britain's sphere of influence in the late 19th century. The Ellice Islands were administered as British 1374: 6220: 2489:, without formally annexing it. Having declared a protectorate over Tahuata in 1842, the French regarded the entire 1909:." On 29 April Cook and crew made their first landfall on the mainland of the continent at a place now known as the 6680: 3783: 2745:

mediation and German compensation of $ 4.5 million, Spain recognized a German claim in 1885. Germany established a

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arrived on the island in one or two large canoes with his wife and extended family. They are believed to have been

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after annexing it from Germany. The Japanese headquarters was established at the German center of administration,

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was founded in 1843. In 1880, France annexed Tahiti, changing the status from that of a protectorate to that of a

1746: 6866: 6730: 6052: 5565: 3715: 3243: 2938:, had long aimed to establishing an empire in the Pacific. In 1887 his government sent the "homemade battleship" 2539: 2295: 1570: 6342: 4760: 3722:

and the conflict continued until about 2005, when successionist leader and self-proclaimed King of Bougainville

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Cook returned to Hawaii in 1779. After sailing around the archipelago for some eight weeks, he made landfall at

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became separated. Furneaux made his way to New Zealand, where he lost some of his men during an encounter with

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Clark, G.; Burley, D.; Murray, T. (2008). "Monumentality in the development of the Tongan maritime chiefdom".

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which carried them across the Pacific to the Philippines where Magellan was killed. One surviving ship led by

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History of United States Naval Operations in World War II: The rising sun in the Pacific, 1931 – April 1942

4733:. Bibliographies and Indexes in World History. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 3, 34–35, 102, 156–59. 3411: 2823:(including Tutuila and the Manúʻa Group) from the western islands of Samoa (including ʻUpolu and Savaiʻi). 2816: 2796: 2128: 1971: 692: 468: 65: 3699:

The Australian government estimated that anywhere between 15,000 and 20,000 people could have died in the

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Forces was launched on 7 August 1942, with simultaneous naval bombardments and amphibious landings on the

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that united Pohnpei's estimated 25,000 people until its centralized system collapsed amid the invasion of

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Kayser, M.; Brauer, S.; Weiss, G.; Underhill, P.A.; Roewer, L.; Schiefenhövel, W.; Stoneking, M. (2000).

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for the second part of his voyage: to search the south Pacific for signs of the postulated rich southern

303: 79: 5420: 4391: 2574: 819:. This culture is seen as having adapted and evolved through time and space since its emergence "Out of 6760: 6297:

Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918: Volume IX – The Royal Australian Navy: 1914–1918

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Some scientists say that Easter Island was not inhabited until 700–800 CE. This date-range is based on

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had yet to be established, so the dates in Cook's journal are a day earlier than those accepted today.

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witnessed the storm and its aftermath at Apia and later wrote about what he saw. The Samoan Civil War

1553:, and arrived at Batavia on 15 June 1643. For over a century after Tasman's voyages, until the era of 735:. Between about 3000 and 1000 BCE speakers of Austronesian languages began spreading from Taiwan into 436:

Particularly along the north coast of New Guinea and in the islands north and east of New Guinea, the

6856: 6816: 5714: 3848: 3491: 3163: 2719: 2267:, baked to facilitate removal of the flesh, and the bones were carefully cleaned for preservation as 1204:

and reaching Mexico. Unable to find the right winds, it was forced to return to the East Indies. The

5351:, who became just a supporting character in Hotu Matu'a-centric legends. See Steven Fischer (1994). 3734: 3632:: military in 1987 and 2006 and civilian in 2000. All were ultimately due to ethnic tension between 6941: 6936: 6851: 6831: 5940: 5591: 4249:

Friedlaender J, Friedlaender JS, Friedlaender FR, Reed FA, Kidd KK, et al. (18 January 2008).

3335: 3273: 2865:

During World War II, Japan occupied many Oceanic colonies by wresting control from western powers.

2543: 2200:) that such coincidences were the reasons for Cook's (and to a limited extent, his crew's) initial 1874: 1689: 1481: 1412: 772: 287: 6537:

On the Road of the Winds: An Archaeological History of the Pacific Islands Before European Contact

5004:

On the road of the wings: an archaeological history of the Pacific Islands before European contact

4977:"Melanesian and Asian Origins of Polynesians: mtDNA and Y Chromosome Gradients Across the Pacific" 4817:"Melanesian and Asian origins of Polynesians: mtDNA and Y chromosome gradients across the Pacific" 3083: 1706: 1193: 835:. The Mulifanua site, where 4,288 pottery shards have been found and studied, has a "true" age of 6932: 5983: 3877: 3823: 3694: 3652: 3506: 3495: 3451: 3431: 3262: 3014: 2878: 2715: 2444: 1669: 1602: 1586: 736: 369: 342:, and these vary greatly as to when they were first inhabited by humans — from 70,000 years ago ( 327: 158: 4780:

Hage, P.; Marck, J. (2003). "Matrilineality and Melanesian Origin of Polynesian Y Chromosomes".

4307: 3647:

overthrew, claiming racial discrimination against ethnic Fijians. The coup was denounced by the

6740: 6640: 6164: 6078: 5786: 5465: 3828: 3797: 3700: 3407: 3402:

was a campaign consisting of a series of battles fought between July and November 1942 between

3208: 3145: 3050: 3010: 2850:

atolls. In 1947, the United States, as the occupying power, entered into an agreement with the

1978:

commemorating his first contact with the Hawaiian Islands at the town's harbour in January 1778

1894: 1862: 1606: 1396: 879: 852: 784: 714: 672: 606:, another semi-mythical foreigner, who replaced the Saudeleur rule with the more decentralized 381: 359: 299: 189: 6419: 5936: 5673: 5541: 5534: 5310: 5238: 4662:. Contributions to Anthropology. Vol. 10. Smithsonian Institution Press. pp. 38–51. 3574:

In 1962, France's early nuclear testing ground of Algeria became independent and the atoll of

3154: 2055:

had been on the first voyage. On his return voyage to New Zealand in 1774, Cook landed at the

6947: 6133: 5226: 3759: 3707: 3564: 3315: 3281: 3266: 3018: 2808:(supreme chief of Manúʻa) on 16 July 1904 at the Crown residence of the Tuimanuʻa called the 2389: 2248: 1991: 1951:). Drawn by Sydney Parkinson, the artist on Captain Cook's 1st voyage to New Zealand in 1769. 1920:

After his departure from Botany Bay he continued northwards. After a grounding mishap on the

1549:

and Cikobia before making his way back into the open sea. He eventually turned north-west to

1522: 1341: 373: 365: 99: 4013:"Aboriginal Australians descend from the first humans to leave Africa, DNA sequence reveals" 3778:

in 1975, and a civil war followed in the early 1990s, with it later being granted autonomy.

2614: 2332: 2275:. Some of Cook's remains, thus preserved, were eventually returned to his crew for a formal 1301: 1266: 855:

spread 6,000 kilometres eastwards from the Bismarck Archipelago, until it reached as far as

664:. Isokelekel and his descendants initially occupied the stone city, but later abandoned it. 6971: 6710: 6596: 6491: 6107: 5412: 5241:, Geraghty, P., 1994 in "Language Contact and Change in the Austronesian World: pp. 236–39. 4881: 4491:

The Lelu Stone Ruins (Kosrae, Micronesia): 1978–1981 Historical and Archaeological Research

4123: 3969: 3818: 3813: 3658:

The 2000 coup was essentially a repeat of the 1987 affair, although it was led by civilian

3443: 3364: 3339: 2669: 2586: 2346: 2119:

to Tahiti, or so the public were led to believe. The trip's principal goal was to locate a

2105: 2002: 1594: 1443: 1370: 824: 812: 740: 724: 708: 437: 339: 283: 194: 140: 121: 5765: 5173:

William Mariner: An Account of the Natives of the Tonga Islands in the South Pacific Ocean

4843: 4144: 4069: 2802:

Samoa aligned its interests with the United States in a Deed of Succession, signed by the

2252: 905: 843:. A 2010 study places the beginning of the human archaeological sequences of Polynesia in 8: 6725: 4199: 3763: 3107: 3058: 2992: 2946: 2851: 2792: 2693: 2578: 2518: 2482: 1526: 1392: 1141: 1091: 732: 612:

system in existence today. Isokelekel is regarded as the creator of the modern Pohnpeian

396:

is an inclusive term used when referring to both Aboriginal and Torres Strait islanders.

220: 168: 126: 5977: 5359:. Peter H. Buck, Vikings of the Pacific, University of Chicago Press, 1938. pp. 228–36. 4885: 4127: 3973: 2680:

annexed south-eastern New Guinea. However, the Queensland government's superiors in the

1861:, Cook managed to reach New Zealand on 6 October 1769, leading only the second group of 1133: 1129: 743:

thought to have travelled via South China about 8,000 years ago to the edges of western

6952: 6871: 6775: 5278: 5142: 4976: 4958: 4797: 4277: 4250: 4231: 4157: 3990: 3957: 3719: 3674: 3641: 3419: 3235: 3170: 3162:

at the beginning of the attack. The explosion in the center is a torpedo strike on the

3106:

in September 1914: 500 Australians encountered 300 Germans and native policemen at the

3077: 2953: 2832: 2711: 2700: 2256: 2120: 2052: 1929: 1921: 1854: 1729: 1590: 1517: 1504: 1462: 1458:, mapped substantial portions of Australia, New Zealand, Tonga and the Fijian islands. 1177: 1173: 1117: 1100: 1019: 916: 385: 89: 4945: 4928: 4460:. Pacific Islands Monograph. Vol. 5. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 13–25. 4218: 4201: 3930: 3629: 1913:. It is here that James Cook made first contact with an aboriginal tribe known as the 1106: 923:"maritime chiefdom", others argue that, while very different from examples elsewhere, 919:

of a "political" empire ruled for any length of time by successive rulers is lacking.

6956: 6927: 6846: 6770: 6652: 6645: 6623: 6604: 6582: 6559: 6540: 6521: 6499: 6467: 6423: 6247: 6190: 6139: 6056: 5545: 5490: 5395: 5282: 5146: 5092: 5007: 4950: 4909: 4904: 4867: 4848: 4801: 4734: 4663: 4629: 4568: 4529: 4495: 4461: 4424: 4397: 4282: 4223: 4180: 4149: 4113: 4053: 3995: 3747: 3666: 3483: 3375: 3345: 3277: 3121: 3103: 3066: 3054: 3002: 2931: 2804: 2778: 2731: 2689: 2528: 2490: 1933: 1837: 1577:

during the Golden Age of Dutch exploration and discovery (c. 1590s–1720s): including

1512: 1387:

The Dutch were the first non-natives to undisputedly explore and chart coastlines of

1382: 1274: 1259: 1247: 1153: 1083: 1042: 1022:

from charcoal that appears to have been produced during forest-clearance activities.

965: 728: 684: 676: 657: 642: 515: 483: 463: 295: 2078:

Before returning to England, Cook made a final sweep across the South Atlantic from

6765: 6755: 6745: 6735: 6358:

For the Japanese designator of Oahu. Wilford, Timothy. "Decoding Pearl Harbor", in

5449: 5295:"Pacific voyaging after the exploration period", Neich, R. 2006 in K.R. Howe (ed.) 5268: 5260: 5134: 4940: 4899: 4889: 4838: 4828: 4789: 4368: 4272: 4262: 4213: 4161: 4139: 4131: 4070:"Aboriginal truth and white media: Eric Michaels meets the spirit of Aboriginalism" 3985: 3977: 3793: 3786:. The constitution incorporates both American and British constitutional concepts. 3771: 3711: 3663: 3544: 3526: 3427: 3418:, Japanese forces attempted to advance south overland through the mountains of the 3133: 3129: 2935: 2924: 2874: 2795:

in 1898. Territorial disputes between the US, Germany and UK over Samoa led to the

2665: 2358: 2197: 2185: 2175: 2124: 2112: 2013: 1821: 1455: 1408: 1400: 1311: 1285: 1235: 1209: 1185: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1149: 1145: 1015: 895: 780: 688: 479: 422: 377: 215: 199: 184: 4962: 4235: 1631: 763:

Express Train model: A recent (c. 3000–1000 BCE) expansion out of Taiwan, via the

546:. The prehistory of many Micronesian islands such as Yap are not known very well. 335: 6961: 6841: 6798: 6720: 5669: 5520: 5427: 5297:

Vaka Moana, voyages of the ancestors: the discovery and settlement of the Pacific

5214: 4767: 4728: 4657: 4623: 4595: 4562: 4523: 4489: 4455: 4418: 4267: 4248: 4076: 3644: 3637: 3583: 3568: 3560: 3533: 3385: 3349: 3304: 3285: 3239: 3223:, on the morning of 7 December 1941 (8 December in Japan). The attack led to the 3204: 3189: 3125: 2981: 2630: 2598: 2373: 2171: 2151: 1998: 1983: 1870: 1846: 1404: 1362: 1281: 1270: 1217: 1197: 1112: 996: 940:

settled the islands first but not much is known of what became of them after the

851:

Within a mere three or four centuries between about 1300 and 900 BCE, the Lapita

668: 291: 69:

An exclusive economic zone map of the Pacific which excludes non-tropical islands

6464:

Reconciliation and Architectures of Commitment: Sequencing peace in Bougainville

6221:"Mormon Beginnings in Samoa: Kimo Belio, Samuela Manoa and Walter Murray Gibson" 5373:

Summary of Thomas S. Barthel's version of Hotu Matu'a's arrival to Easter Island

3586:

in the Pacific was controversial in the 1980s, in 1985 French agents caused the

2208: 2025: 1485: 6458:

Braithwaite, John; Charlesworth, Hilary; Reddy, Peter & Dunn, Leah (2010).

5973: 5360: 4102:"Genome Scans Show Polynesians Have Little Genetic Relationship to Melanesians" 3682: 3659: 3648: 3467: 3295: 3251: 3247: 3231: 3159: 3022: 3017:, involving Germany, United States, and Britain, eventually resulting, via the 2920: 2847: 2788: 2673: 2486: 2459: 2412: 2366: 2298:. After their arrival in England, King completed Cook's account of the voyage. 2264: 2239: 2218: 2167: 2101: 2064: 1737: 1622: 1578: 1366: 1316: 1229: 1181: 1169: 1116:, one of the original five ships, circumnavigated the globe after the death of 1087: 808: 630: 347: 241: 5937:"The Death of Captain James Cook, 14 February 1779 – National Maritime Museum" 5372: 5264: 5138: 4730:

Micronesian Histories: An Analytical Bibliography and Guide to Interpretations

3478:

Due to its low population, Oceania was a popular location for atmospheric and

2684:

revoked the claim, and (formally) assumed direct responsibility in 1884, when

2323:. The route of Cook's crew following his death is shown as a dashed blue line. 1824:

across the Sun. The expedition sailed from England on 26 August 1768, rounded

6987: 6513: 6385: 5709: 5430:

is also hosted by the Department of Anthropology of the University of Hawaii.

5384: 3958:"An Aboriginal Australian Genome Reveals Separate Human Dispersals into Asia" 3540: 3514: 3510: 3462: 3379: 3368: 3300: 3193: 3111: 3062: 3053:

in the Pacific Ocean and China. The most significant military action was the

2916: 2882: 2685: 2653: 2622: 2594: 2475: 2362: 2350: 2276: 2271:

in a fashion somewhat reminiscent of the treatment of European saints in the

2155: 2068: 2060: 1925: 1813: 1493: 1346:

the last human-inhabited continent to be largely known to the civilized world

1293: 1036: 984: 957: 634: 331: 5697:

on the table and his right hand points to the east coast of Australia on it.

5125:

Burley, DV (1998). "Tongan Archaeology and the Tongan Past, 2850–150 B.P.".

4894: 4833: 4135: 3981: 3796:

policy transferred asylum seekers to several Pacific nations, including the

3450:

forces assaulted the Japanese beachheads, in what later became known as the

2282:

Clerke assumed leadership of the expedition. Following the death of Clerke,

964:

Over the centuries, a unique Fijian culture developed. Constant warfare and

892: 6291: 5681: 5655: 4954: 4913: 4852: 4286: 4227: 4153: 3999: 3537: 3471: 3435: 3423: 3216: 3185: 3073: 3026: 2886: 2784: 2746: 2735: 2602: 2463: 2451: 2436: 2385: 1982:

In 1772 the Royal Society commissioned Cook to search for the hypothetical

1966: 1937: 1898: 1886: 1878: 1800: 1489: 1473: 1378: 1255: 614: 608: 594: 535: 507: 343: 163: 4104:, Press Release, Temple University, 18 January 2008, accessed 9 March 2013 3703:. More conservative estimates put the number of combat deaths as 1–2,000. 3410:—primarily Australian—forces in what was then the Australian territory of 3037: 1427:(c. 1570s–1670s). In the 17th century, the VOC's navigators and explorers 1176:

sailed down the east coast of South America, found and sailed through the

5198:"The Pacific Islands: An Encyclopedia", edited by Lal and Fortune, p. 133 4625:

Lost City of Stone: The Story of Nan Madol, the "Atlantis" of the Pacific

4303: 3723: 3357: 3149: 2891: 2704: 2649: 2644: 2555: 2305:

The routes of Captain James Cook's voyages. The first voyage is shown in

2272: 2136: 1882: 1866: 1733: 1698: 1653: 1637: 1574: 1534: 1508: 1439: 1325: 1213: 1189: 1000: 941: 937: 764: 752: 720: 704: 680: 487: 441: 418: 412: 6037:. University of the South Pacific/Government of Tuvalu. pp. 127–39. 6033:

Noatia P. Teo (1983). "Chapter 17, Colonial Rule". In Hugh Larcy (ed.).

5453: 2301: 6887: 6496:

Captain Cook: The Life, Death and Legacy of History's Greatest Explorer

4695:"Lost in the Weeds: Theme and Variation in Pohnpei Political Mythology" 3415: 3212: 2960: 2855: 2754: 2677: 2582: 2547: 2467: 2408: 2354: 2201: 2159: 2044: 1817: 1805: 1776: 1582: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1333: 1201: 1027: 1004: 840: 776: 744: 661: 603: 599: 323: 46: 6371:

Fukudome, Shigeru, "Hawaii Operation". United States Naval Institute,

5569: 5273: 5217:

2008: Vol 21. University of Otago Studies in Prehistoric Anthropology.

2415:

direct involvement ended in 1901 when New Zealand annexed the island.

2051:, who proved to be somewhat less knowledgeable about the Pacific than 1948: 1476:, New Zealand, becoming the first Europeans to do so. Tasman named it 719:

Linguistic, archaeological, and human genetic evidence identifies the

392:, along with some of the adjacent islands, i.e.: the "first peoples". 326:

of Oceania is divided into the prehistory of each of its major areas:

41:

1852 map of Oceania by J.G. Barbie du Bocage, including subregions of

6665: 6185:

Translation of Torres' report to the king in Collingridge, G. (1895)

5929: 5340: 5208:

Recent Advances in the Archaeology of the Fiji/West-Polynesia Region"

3255: 2967: 2840: 2839:. On 31 January 1944, during World War II, American forces landed on 2769:(high chiefs) continued to rule under indirect German colonial rule. 2638: 2618: 2551: 2439:, to allow Catholic missionaries to work undisturbed. The capital of 2079: 2008:. Cook's expedition circumnavigated the globe at an extreme southern 1858: 1841: 1825: 1768: 1752: 1337: 1329: 1297: 1096: 1031: 888: 884: 828: 816: 800: 768: 748: 622: 588: 564: 554: 511: 400: 236: 50: 42: 5034:"New Information for the Ferry Berth Site, Mulifanua, Western Samoa" 2561: 679:. The ancient Chamorro left a number of megalithic ruins, including 6135:

France's Overseas Frontier: Départements et territoires d'outre-mer

6049:

Cinderellas of the Empire: towards a history of Kiribati and Tuvalu

5227:"Hawaiki, Ancestral Polynesia: An Essay in Historical Anthropology" 4793: 4564:

Place Names of Pohnpei Island: Including And (Ant) and Pakin Atolls

3591: 3579:

test was conducted in 1974, and the last underground test in 1996.

3548: 3522: 3518: 3482:. Tests were conducted in various locations by the United Kingdom ( 3434:, yet they began to withdraw over the Owen Stanley Range, down the 2974: 2939: 2899: 2589:

and looked for foreign naval activities. This expedition landed on

2536: 2494: 2423: 2377: 2180: 2009: 1792: 1598: 1447: 1125: 723:

as a subset of the sea-migrating Austronesian peoples, and tracing

626: 549: 459: 389: 6634:

With new preface and afterword replying to criticism from Sahlins.

6620:

The Apotheosis of Captain Cook: European Mythmaking in the Pacific

6601:

The Apotheosis of Captain Cook: European Mythmaking in the Pacific

1007:, or at about the time of the arrival of the earliest settlers in 4816: 3670: 3633: 3595: 3575: 3499: 3447: 2783:

The United States also expanded into the Pacific, beginning with

2762: 2531:

landed in the Marshall Islands in 1529. They were later named by

2440: 2432: 2072: 1943: 1914: 1469:. then claimed formal possession of the land on 3 December 1642. 1321: 1289: 1055: 929: 911: 874: 653: 638: 572: 543: 492: 452: 447: 6457: 5487:

The Statues that Walked: Unraveling the Mystery of Easter Island

5066: 3470:

test, known as Operation CROSSROADS (Event Baker), conducted at

3389:

Papuan carriers evacuate Australian casualties on 30 August 1942

3091:

One of the first land offensives in the Pacific theatre was the

1312:

Oceania during the Golden Age of Dutch exploration and discovery

868: 6418:

Elmer Belmont Potter, Roger Fredland, Henry Hitch Adams (1981)

6337:

Prange, Gordon W., Goldstein, Donald, & Dillon, Katherine.

5239:"Geraghty, P., 1994. Linguistic evidence for the Tongan empire" 3353: 3220: 3096: 2919:, and the British Empire from 1887 to 1889 over control of the 2836: 2750: 2498: 2381: 2244: 2036: 1829: 1243: 1047: 1008: 976: 973:; as a result, Fiji remained unknown to the rest of the world. 820: 647: 633:

in Pohnpei began as early as 1200 CE. Nan Madol is offshore of

528: 430: 5525: 4457:

Upon a Stone Altar: A History of the Island of Pohnpei to 1890

4017:

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)

3555:

A series of British tests were also conducted in the 1950s at

3057:

in what is now China, but smaller actions were also fought at

2831:

At the beginning of World War I, Japan assumed control of the

1442:

was the first known European explorer to reach the islands of

560: 399:

The earliest definite human remains found to date are that of

4308:"Denisovans Were Neanderthals' Cousins, DNA Analysis Reveals" 2843: 2820: 2766: 2758: 2742: 2132: 2056: 1975: 1538: 1239: 1137: 949: 945: 864: 860: 844: 832: 583:(Period of Building, or Period of Peopling, before c. 1100); 380:. The term "Aboriginal" is traditionally applied to only the 57: 6268:

The Foreign Policy of the United States in Relation to Samoa

3800:. Australia, New Zealand and other nations took part in the 3620: 3502:), often with devastating consequences for the inhabitants. 3118:

Australian scouting party and he was subsequently captured.

1521:). Two names he gave to New Zealand landmarks still endure, 803:

of Polynesian Y chromosomes can be traced back to Melanesia.

2988: 2404: 2268: 2189: 2116: 2048: 1673: 1542: 1454:

islands. His navigator François Visscher, and his merchant

1451: 1305: 980: 856: 364:

Indigenous Australians are the original inhabitants of the

6131: 5192: 4926: 3954: 3529:

on 1 November (local date) in 1952, by the United States.

3272:

Some of the most prominent Oceanic battlegrounds were the

3169:. Two attacking Japanese planes can be seen: one over the 6189:

pp. 229–37. Golden Press Edition 1983, Gladesville, NSW.

5411:

Hunt, T.L., Lipo, C.P., 2006. Science, 1121879. See also

5186:"Ha'amonga 'a Maui (Trilithon) and 'esi Maka Fa'akinanga" 1820:

to travel to the Pacific Ocean to observe and record the

1492:(canoes) and four of his men were attacked and killed by 1429:

charted almost three-quarters of the Australian coastline

811:(so-named after their pottery tradition) appeared in the 539: 458:

However, the theory is contradicted by the findings of a

4865: 4814: 4337: 3099:, supported by an Australian and French naval squadron. 2915:

was a confrontation standoff between the United States,

2688:

claimed north-eastern New Guinea as the protectorate of

2668:. In 1883, following a short-lived French annexation of 2641:, and also claimed the territory for the King of Spain. 2154:. Cook explored and mapped the coast all the way to the 6241: 5718:. National Library of Australia. 2 May 1931. p. 12 3844:

List of countries and islands by first human settlement

3414:. Following a landing near Gona, on the north coast of 1828:

and continued westward across the Pacific to arrive at

1284:, Spanish explorers in the 17th century discovered the 645:

linked by a network of canals, and is often called the

376:, which are at the northernmost tip of Queensland near 6244:

A Footnote to History: Eight Years of Trouble in Samoa

5982:. Lahainaluna: Press of the Mission Seminary. p. 5402:. Chapter 2: Twilight at Easter pp. 79–119. See p. 89. 5355:

The Journal of Pacific History, 29(1), 3–18. See also

5314:, Cambridge University Press, p. 151, IBNS 0521311144. 4528:. University of Texas Press. pp. 60, 63, 76, 85. 3505:

From 1946 to 1958, the Marshall Islands served as the

3110:; the Allies won the day and the Germans retreated to 3009:

was able to escape the harbor and survived the storm.

2403:

Among the last islands in Oceania to be colonised was

1889:

from the South Island, and which Tasman had not seen.

1480:

on the assumption that it was connected to an island (

433:

and possibly the smaller islands farther to the east.

618:

social system and the father of the Pompeian people.

4868:"Polynesian origins: Insights from the Y chromosome" 4417:

Flood, Bo; Strong, Beret E.; Flood, William (2002).

4349: 4325: 3087:

A platoon of German reservists at Bita Paka in 1914.

2945:

The 1889 incident involved three American warships,

1777:

British exploration and Captain James Cook's voyages

1434: 5738:"Secret Instructions to Captain Cook, 30 June 1768" 4202:"The Melanesian Origin of Polynesian Y chromosomes" 4054:"When did Australia's earliest inhabitants arrive?" 2991:harbor, which was monitored by the British warship 2987:, keeping each other at bay over several months in 2365:in 1872, with much of Oceania being annexed by the 1537:. En route back to Batavia, Tasman came across the 602:. The Saudeleur Dynasty ended with the invasion of 575:, pre-colonial history is divided into three eras: 6644: 5533: 4773: 2158:, on the way identifying what came to be known as 2111:. The voyage was ostensibly planned to return the 1541:archipelago on 20 January 1643. While passing the 5531: 5390:Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed 5250: 4727:Goetzfridt, Nicholas J; Peacock, Karen M (2002). 4726: 4600:. University of Guam. 1990. pp. 92, 203, 277 2214:The Death of Captain James Cook, 14 February 1779 1359:Dutch Republic in the Age of Discovery (category) 925:..."empire" is probably the most convenient term. 656:and was the ceremonial and political seat of the 6985: 5089:The Polynesians – Prehistory of an Island People 4416: 4174: 3594:to prevent it from arriving at the test site in 2127:. After his initial landfall in January 1778 at 5884: 5882: 5829:"Captain Cook: Explorer, Navigator and Pioneer" 5324:Pacific Peoples, Melanesia/Micronesia/Polynesia 5311:Divine hunger: cannibalism as a cultural system 4929:"Melanesian origin of Polynesian Y chromosomes" 4808: 4560: 2617:explored the southern coast of New Guinea from 2336:Political Map of the Asia-Pacific Region, 1939. 1771:with the two ships, drawing by Isaack Gilsemans 482:, an ancient human species discovered in 2010, 5766:"Cook's Journal: Daily Entries, 22 April 1770" 3889:Also known as the Battle of Pearl Harbor, the 3802:Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands 3509:for the United States, and was the site of 67 3021:, in the partition of the Samoan Islands into 2749:and set up trading stations on the islands of 2192:. Coincidentally the form of Cook's ship, HMS 1056:European contact and exploration (1500s–1700s) 6903: 6681: 6278: 6276: 6032: 5822: 5820: 5594:. Encyclopedia of New Zealand. 4 March 2009. 5470:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 ( 5448:. Vol. 94, no. 5. pp. 412–19. 5229:, Patrick Vinton Kirch; Roger C. Green (2001) 4556: 4554: 4552: 4081:The Australian Journal of Media & Culture 3681:In 2006 the then Australia Defence Minister, 3457: 3001:The standoff ended on 15 and 16 March when a 2353:led to several of the mutineers escaping the 2096:On his last voyage, Cook again commanded HMS 1304:. In 1668, the Spaniards founded a colony on 522:History of the Federated States of Micronesia 259: 6490: 6285:"Chapter V – Affairs in the Western Pacific" 6020: 6008: 5996: 5960: 5888: 5879: 5873: 5861: 5536:Pathfinders: A Global History of Exploration 5478: 5433: 4688: 4686: 4617: 4615: 4383: 4251:"The Genetic Structure of Pacific Islanders" 4030:"Sequencing Uncovers a 9,000 Mile Walkabout" 2458:took formal possession of New Caledonia and 1955: 1065: 6617: 6595: 6161:"History of French Polynesia, 1889 to 1918" 6075:"History of French Polynesia, 1797 to 1889" 5924: 5907: 5902: 5566:"Original map of Tasmania in December 1642" 5178: 4302: 4083:, vol. 3 no 3, 1990. Retrieved 6 June 2008. 4022: 3329: 3269:before they were finally defeated in 1945. 3238:from interfering with military actions the 3136:also fell to Allied forces during the war. 2652:controlled the western half of New Guinea, 2290:returned home in October 1780 commanded by 2085: 1781: 1728:The first European impression of Māori, at 687:came to the Marianas in the 1800s from the 486:claims that ancient human ancestors of the 6910: 6896: 6688: 6674: 6553: 6273: 6138:. Cambridge University Press. p. 46. 5817: 5357:Rapa Nui / Geography, History and Religion 5299:: 198–245. Auckland: David Bateman. p. 230 5031: 5006:. London: University of California Press. 4720: 4655: 4549: 4343: 4298: 4296: 2868: 2718:, to be administered by Australia under a 1668:The continent of Australia (then known as 1352: 1223: 1196:returned west across the Indian Ocean and 266: 252: 5272: 5060: 5032:Green, Roger C.; Leach, Helen M. (1989). 4944: 4903: 4893: 4842: 4832: 4779: 4683: 4621: 4612: 4561:Panholzer, Tom; Rufino, Mauricio (2003). 4449: 4447: 4396:. University of Texas Press. p. 30. 4276: 4266: 4217: 4143: 3989: 3688: 2858:, including the Marshall Islands, as the 2597:) and signed a treaty of annexation with 2523:Category:Spanish explorers of the Pacific 2238:foremast broke, so the ships returned to 2035:James Cook witnessing human sacrifice in 2016:(17 January 1773). In the Antarctic fog, 2012:, becoming one of the first to cross the 1857:, who had extensive knowledge of Pacific 1467:Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies 6917: 6152: 6066: 5898: 5896: 5826: 5668: 5484: 5456:(inactive 24 April 2024). Archived from 5086: 5080: 4692: 4097: 4095: 4093: 4091: 4089: 3733: 3619: 3571:peoples from their ancestral homelands. 3461: 3393: 3384: 3309: 3294: 3153: 3082: 3036: 3005:wrecked all six warships in the harbor. 2898: 2890: 2819:that partitioned the eastern islands of 2643: 2560: 2450:On 24 September 1853, under orders from 2422: 2331: 2300: 2294:, a veteran of Cook's first voyage, and 2207: 2043:Cook almost encountered the mainland of 2030: 1965: 1942: 1924:, the voyage continued, sailing through 1799: 1791: 1315: 1105: 1095: 975: 873: 727:places their prehistoric origins in the 559: 548: 531:, dated to 1500 BCE or slightly before. 446: 64: 61:Māori war dance, New Zealand, circa 1850 56: 36: 6639: 6572: 6325: 6212: 5913: 5630:"First contact violence linked to food" 4567:. Bess Press. pp. xiii, xii, 101. 4293: 3929:. Australian Government. Archived from 2826: 2772: 2625:including Orangerie Bay which he named 2380:) and the Ellice Islands (now known as 1571:Golden Age of Netherlandish cartography 1533:was renamed by Cook 125 years later to 14: 6986: 6695: 6441:"Hands off Fiji, army commander warns" 6362:, XII, #1 (January 2002), p. 32 fn 81. 6179: 6102: 6100: 6098: 6096: 6026: 5972: 5918: 5540:. W.W. Norton & Company. pp. 5514:, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg 5442:"Rethinking the Fall of Easter Island" 5124: 4649: 4628:. Simon and Schuster. pp. 45–48. 4525:Prehistoric Architecture in Micronesia 4521: 4515: 4453: 4444: 4393:Prehistoric Architecture in Micronesia 4389: 4047: 3706:From 1975, there were attempts by the 3225:United States' entry into World War II 2860:Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands 2512: 2340: 1419:(or VOC) was a major force behind the 1300:and New Guinea, named after navigator 1200:went north in the hope of finding the 709:Polynesia § Origins and expansion 6891: 6669: 6534: 6512: 6460:"Chapter 7: The cost of the conflict" 6132:Robert Aldrich; John Connell (2006). 5893: 5849: 5811: 5598:from the original on 10 November 2010 5091:. Thames and Hudson. pp. 45–65. 5001: 4487: 4410: 4361: 4355: 4331: 4086: 3547:was such that the inhabitants of the 3513:on various atolls. The world's first 2725: 2707:within their respective territories. 2418: 6556:The Pacific Islands: An Encyclopedia 6554:Lal, Brij V.; Fortune, Kate (2000). 6282: 6125: 5439: 5413:"Late Colonization of Easter Island" 5339:Resemblance of the name to an early 5025: 4423:. Bess Press. pp. 145–47, 160. 4006: 3662:, apparently with military support. 3158:Photograph from a Japanese plane of 2791:in 1857, and with Hawaii becoming a 2608: 2507:Établissements Français de l'Océanie 2178:. Cook's arrival coincided with the 1804:Famous official portrait of Captain 1450:) and New Zealand, and to sight the 6388:. Mylescfoxdd829.net. 7 August 1942 6218: 6093: 5827:Williams, Glyn (17 February 2011). 5592:"European discovery of New Zealand" 5512:Chilean Wine Palm: Jubaea chilensis 4969: 4371:. United States Department of State 3804:from 2003 after a request for aid. 2394:British Western Pacific Territories 1188:, then sailed north and caught the 1060: 799:(2000), which shows that all three 652:. It is located near the island of 24: 6539:. University of California Press. 6283:Jose, Arthur Wilberforce (1941) . 5532:Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe (2006). 4588: 3792:Between 2001 and 2007 Australia's 3750:in the 20th century, adopting the 3188:, mainly between the belligerents 2188:of worship for the Polynesian god 1853:With the help of a Tahitian named 567:, capital of the Saudeleur Dynasty 98: 25: 7005: 6375:, 81 (December 1955), pp. 1315–31 6158: 6072: 5038:Journal of the Polynesian Society 3746:Australia and New Zealand became 3678:suspended from the Commonwealth. 3049:of World War I was a conquest of 2629:. His expedition also discovered 2577:commanded an expedition from the 2542:, who visited them together with 2509:(French Settlements in Oceania). 2485:, which formerly belonged to the 2481:In the 1880s, France claimed the 2396:(BWPT), and later as part of the 2392:from 1892 to 1916 as part of the 2139:the "Sandwich Islands" after the 1970:A statue of James Cook stands in 1834:observations of the Venus Transit 1732:. Drawing by Isaack Gilsemans in 1435:Abel Tasman's exploratory voyages 1375:European exploration of Australia 1242:in the North Pacific, as well as 932:art from Fijian towns shows that 915:non-material cultural artifacts, 6451: 6433: 6412: 6400: 6378: 6365: 6352: 6242:Stevenson, Robert Louis (1892). 6051:, Institute of Pacific Studies, 5656:"'A view of the Murderers' Bay'" 5485:Hunt, Terry; Lipo, Carl (2011). 5188:. Wondermondo. 20 November 2011. 5115:. Cambridge: Blackwell Publisher 4622:Ballinger, Bill Sanborn (1978). 3883: 3784:Republic of the Marshall Islands 2730:Germany established colonies in 1928:before returning to England via 1760: 1745: 1721: 1705: 1681: 1661: 1645: 1630: 1614: 1562: 1507:) and sailed north, but mistook 1417:Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie 1220:, and other islands of Oceania. 1080:Portugal in the Age of Discovery 751:, although they differ from the 641:, consists of a series of small 235: 6651:. University of Chicago Press. 6484: 6331: 6319: 6260: 6235: 6207:Parliament of a Thousand Tribes 6199: 6053:University of the South Pacific 6041: 6014: 6002: 5990: 5979:History of the Sandwich Islands 5966: 5954: 5867: 5855: 5843: 5805: 5779: 5758: 5730: 5702: 5662: 5648: 5622: 5610: 5584: 5558: 5503: 5405: 5378: 5366: 5333: 5317: 5302: 5289: 5244: 5232: 5220: 5201: 5162: 5153: 5118: 5105: 4995: 4920: 4859: 4821:Molecular Biology and Evolution 4754: 4481: 4242: 4193: 3870: 3861: 3716:Bougainville Revolutionary Army 3651:and Fiji was expelled from the 3601: 3322:under aerial attack during the 3139: 2257:Kalaimanokahoʻowaha or Kanaʻina 1423:(category; c. 1590s–1720s) and 1421:Golden Age of Dutch exploration 1144:(Martim A. Melo Coutinho), the 6716:Federated States of Micronesia 6622:. Princeton University Press. 6618:Obeyesekere, Gananath (1997). 6603:. Princeton University Press. 6573:Morison, Samuel Eliot (2001). 6558:. University of Hawaii Press. 6535:Kirch, Patrick Vinton (2001). 5745:National Archives of Australia 5693:He holds his own chart of the 5070:Journal of Pacific Archaeology 4844:11858/00-001M-0000-0010-0145-0 4168: 4145:11858/00-001M-0000-0013-1B84-E 4107: 4063: 4060:, 2004. Retrieved 6 June 2008. 3948: 3919: 3839:History of the Pacific Islands 3588:Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior 3324:Battle of the Eastern Solomons 3032: 2648:New Guinea from 1884 to 1919. 2327: 2001:commanded its companion ship, 1987:Society to lie further south. 1621:Waka taua (war canoes) at the 1208:expedition achieved the first 31:History of the Pacific Islands 13: 1: 6409:. NPR: National Public Radio. 6341:(Brassey's, 2000), pp. 17ff; 5674:"Captain James Cook, 1728–79" 5619:pp. 21–22. Random House. 2008 5328:Central Queensland University 4946:10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00734-X 4369:"Background Note: Micronesia" 4219:10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00734-X 3927:"About Australia:Our Country" 3912: 3899:Imperial General Headquarters 3766:, geographically part of the 3729: 3563:, forcing the removal of the 3230:The attack was intended as a 3019:Tripartite Convention of 1899 2895:Wrecked vessels at Apia, 1889 2817:Tripartite Convention of 1899 2797:Tripartite Convention of 1899 2757:to carry out the flourishing 2222: 1755:, drawing by Isaack Gilsemans 1292:archipelagos, and sailed the 1212:of the world and reached the 1076:Spain in the Age of Discovery 836: 787:data, and archaeological data 501: 427:Solomon Islands (archipelago) 317: 6579:University of Illinois Press 5308:Sanday, Peggy Reeves (1986) 4268:10.1371/journal.pgen.0040019 3234:action in order to keep the 3184:saw major action during the 3176:and one over the Naval Yard. 3041:Location of Bita Paka, 1914. 2656:the north-eastern part, and 2217:, an unfinished painting by 1947:A Māori chief with tattoos ( 1832:on 13 April 1769, where the 1110:The Magellan–Elcano voyage. 759:(2000) outline these well: 698: 406: 353: 7: 6292:Bean, Charles Edwin Woodrow 5710:"The Sydney Morning Herald" 5127:Journal of World Prehistory 4659:The Native Polity of Ponape 4656:Riesenberg, Saul H (1968). 4390:Morgan, William N. (1988). 3807: 3768:Solomon Islands archipelago 3299:New Zealand troops land on 3102:Australian forces attacked 2966:and three German warships, 2569:after the 1770 exploration. 2503:Établissements de l'Océanie 2145:First Lord of the Admiralty 1962:Second voyage of James Cook 1265:In 1565, Spanish navigator 1252:Solomon Islands archipelago 1072:Magellan's circumnavigation 991:Early European visitors to 591:, c. 1100 to c. 1628); and 10: 7010: 6420:Sea power: a naval history 6407:The Battle for Guadalcanal 6223:. Brigham Young University 5175:. Vol. 1. Elibron Classics 4522:Morgan, William N (1988). 3834:History of Solomon Islands 3774:, tried unsuccessfully to 3752:Statute of Westminster Act 3692: 3628:Fiji has suffered several 3605: 3458:Nuclear testing in Oceania 3378:, when it was used by the 3374:"The Slot" was a name for 3333: 3211:against the United States 3143: 3093:Occupation of German Samoa 3051:German colonial possession 2930:The prime minister of the 2872: 2776: 2635:Tierra de San Buenaventura 2516: 2400:colony from 1916 to 1974. 2398:Gilbert and Ellice Islands 2092:Third voyage of James Cook 2089: 1959: 1905:, noting in his journal: " 1788:First voyage of James Cook 1785: 1656:'s first and second voyage 1356: 1340:). "The Island Continent" 1227: 1178:strait that bears his name 1069: 1018:calculations and on three 712: 702: 519: 505: 410: 357: 28: 6923: 6807: 6784: 6703: 6445:The Sydney Morning Herald 6209:, Heinemann, London, 1965 6113:. IEOM Nouvelle-Calédonie 6047:Macdonald, Barrie (2001) 5791:The Sydney Morning Herald 5715:The Sydney Morning Herald 5265:10.1017/s0003598x00097738 5213:18 September 2009 at the 4766:27 September 2013 at the 4175:Spriggs, Matthew (1997). 3849:List of Oceanian cuisines 3480:underground nuclear tests 3047:Asian and Pacific Theatre 2765:meat) trade. Marshallese 2720:League of Nations mandate 1956:Second voyage (1772–1775) 1796:Cook's map of New Zealand 1431:, except the east coast. 1425:Netherlandish cartography 1066:Early Iberian exploration 827:in Samoa. The site is at 771:and from the north-west ( 6862:Northern Mariana Islands 6520:. Hodder and Stoughton. 6422:. Naval Institute Press 6328:, pp. 101, 120, 250 5941:National Maritime Museum 5509:C. Michael Hogan (2008) 5087:Bellwood, Peter (1987). 4693:Petersen, Glenn (1990). 4454:Hanlon, David L (1988). 4058:University of Wollongong 3854: 3770:but politically part of 3608:1987 Fijian coups d'état 3466:A 21 kiloton underwater 3336:Solomon Islands campaign 3330:Solomon Islands campaign 3274:Solomon Islands campaign 2575:Felipe González de Ahedo 2174:, largest island in the 2086:Third voyage (1776–1779) 1875:Stewart Island / Rakiura 1873:an island, and thinking 1782:First voyage (1768–1771) 1690:Dutch East India Company 1482:Staten Island, Argentina 1280:Later, in the quest for 887:on the Tongan island of 693:traditional stick charts 282:includes the history of 78:This article is part of 6827:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 6641:Sahlins, Marshall David 6339:The Pearl Harbor Papers 6266:Ryden, George Herbert. 5678:Royal Museums Greenwich 5519:17 October 2012 at the 5440:Hunt, Terry L. (2006). 5139:10.1023/A:1022322303769 4895:10.1073/pnas.97.15.8225 4136:10.1126/science.1114615 3982:10.1126/science.1211177 3878:International Date Line 3824:History of Bougainville 3695:History of Bougainville 3653:Commonwealth of Nations 3616:2006 Fijian coup d'état 3612:2000 Fijian coup d'état 3507:Pacific Proving Grounds 3263:Battle of the Coral Sea 2879:Second Samoan Civil War 2869:Samoan Crisis 1887–1889 2716:Territory of New Guinea 2660:the south-eastern part. 2546:in 1788, en route from 2427:Society Island kingdoms 2141:fourth Earl of Sandwich 1877:was a peninsula of the 1569:A typical map from the 1353:Early Dutch exploration 1224:Other large expeditions 737:Maritime Southeast Asia 370:Torres Strait Islanders 6187:Discovery of Australia 5680:. Commissioned by Sir 5634:The New Zealand Herald 5426:29 August 2008 at the 5018:Quoted in Kayser, M.; 4761:The History of Mankind 4488:Cordy, Ross H (1993). 4344:Lal & Fortune 2000 4177:The Island Melanesians 3829:History of New Zealand 3798:Nauru detention centre 3739: 3701:Bougainville Civil War 3689:Bougainville Civil War 3625: 3490:), the United States ( 3475: 3390: 3326: 3307: 3209:Imperial Japanese Navy 3201:attack on Pearl Harbor 3177: 3146:Attack on Pearl Harbor 3088: 3042: 3011:Robert Louis Stevenson 2908: 2896: 2854:to administer much of 2661: 2570: 2428: 2337: 2324: 2317:, and third voyage in 2228: 2040: 1997:on this voyage, while 1979: 1952: 1895:indigenous Australians 1885:, which separates the 1881:). He also identified 1809: 1797: 1697:Map and drawings from 1349: 1262:in the South Pacific. 1121: 1103: 988: 910:or "Tongan Empire" in 899: 853:archaeological culture 715:Early history of Tonga 568: 557: 455: 394:Indigenous Australians 382:indigenous inhabitants 372:are indigenous to the 360:Aboriginal Australians 346:) to 3,000 years ago ( 312:Pacific island nations 103: 70: 62: 54: 6810:and other territories 6597:Obeyesekere, Gananath 6492:Collingridge, Vanessa 6108:"Rapport annuel 2010" 5394:Penguin Books: 2005. 4834:10.1093/molbev/msl093 3760:Pacific Islands Forum 3737: 3708:Bougainville Province 3623: 3521:", was tested at the 3465: 3400:Kokoda Track campaign 3394:Kokoda Track campaign 3388: 3314:The aircraft carrier 3313: 3298: 3267:Kokoda Track campaign 3157: 3086: 3040: 2907:wrecked at Apia, 1889 2902: 2894: 2815:Cession followed the 2777:Further information: 2647: 2564: 2527:The Spanish explorer 2426: 2390:Resident Commissioner 2335: 2304: 2211: 2034: 1969: 1946: 1803: 1795: 1523:Cape Maria van Diemen 1319: 1194:Juan Sebastián Elcano 1109: 1099: 979: 877: 731:, and ultimately, in 703:Further information: 683:. The Refaluwasch or 673:Austronesian language 563: 552: 534:The ancestors of the 506:Further information: 450: 411:Further information: 374:Torres Strait Islands 358:Further information: 102: 68: 60: 40: 18:Prehistory of Oceania 6918:History by continent 6360:The Northern Mariner 5787:"Once were warriors" 5617:Diary of Abel Tasman 5159:Honolulu: The Museum 5002:Kirch, P.V. (2000). 4782:Current Anthropology 4306:(22 December 2010). 4075:21 July 2012 at the 3819:History of Australia 3814:Europeans in Oceania 3365:Guadalcanal Campaign 3340:Guadalcanal Campaign 2827:Japanese colonialism 2773:American colonialism 2627:Bahía de San Lorenzo 2587:Madre de Dios Island 2347:Mutiny on the Bounty 2176:Hawaiian Archipelago 1672:) integrated within 1371:Frederick de Houtman 1172:) expedition led by 1164:in 1526). In 1519 a 983:at Ahu Tongariki on 952:, and even Hawai'i. 813:Bismarck Archipelago 725:Polynesian languages 469:Taiwanese aborigines 438:Austronesian peoples 366:Australian continent 226:World Heritage Sites 6447:. 25 November 2006. 6386:"The Tulagi Battle" 6167:on 30 December 2007 6081:on 30 December 2007 5636:. 23 September 2010 5454:10.1511/2006.61.412 5044:(3). Archived from 4886:2000PNAS...97.8225S 4420:Micronesian Legends 4128:2005Sci...309.2072D 3974:2011Sci...334...94R 3933:on 27 February 2012 3764:Bougainville Island 3452:Battle of Buna–Gona 3278:Air raids on Darwin 3108:Battle of Bita Paka 3059:Battle of Bita Paka 2852:UN Security Council 2694:Kaiser-Wilhelmsland 2579:Viceroyalty of Peru 2519:Spanish East Indies 2513:Spanish colonialism 2483:Tuamotu Archipelago 2456:Febvrier Despointes 2437:French protectorate 2341:British colonialism 2311:, second voyage in 1531:Kaap Pieter Boreels 1527:Three Kings Islands 1488:in a double hulled 1156:in 1525), and west 1092:Spanish East Indies 1016:glottochronological 151:Arts and literature 6994:History of Oceania 6697:History of Oceania 6647:Islands of history 6518:Captain James Cook 6343:Google Books entry 6307:on 3 February 2014 6219:McBride, Spencer. 6159:Ganse, Alexander. 6073:Ganse, Alexander. 5793:. 11 November 2002 5460:on 6 October 2014. 5446:American Scientist 5171:. 2005 (reprint). 5113:The Lapita Peoples 3876:At this time, the 3776:become independent 3740: 3720:state of emergency 3642:Lieutenant Colonel 3634:indigenous Fijians 3626: 3536:from the American 3476: 3420:Owen Stanley Range 3391: 3327: 3308: 3236:U.S. Pacific Fleet 3178: 3089: 3078:East Asia Squadron 3043: 2909: 2897: 2833:South Seas Mandate 2726:German colonialism 2712:Territory of Papua 2701:British New Guinea 2662: 2615:Luís Vaz de Torres 2591:Isla de San Carlos 2581:that searched for 2573:In November 1770, 2571: 2567:Isla de San Carlos 2554:(two ships of the 2472:Henri de Rochefort 2429: 2419:French colonialism 2338: 2325: 2296:Captain James King 2229: 2121:North-West Passage 2041: 1980: 1953: 1922:Great Barrier Reef 1810: 1798: 1591:mainland Australia 1463:Antonio van Diemen 1350: 1302:Luís Vaz de Torres 1267:Andrés de Urdaneta 1174:Ferdinand Magellan 1122: 1118:Ferdinand Magellan 1104: 1101:Ferdinand Magellan 989: 917:empirical evidence 900: 839:1000 BCE based on 643:artificial islands 629:complex made from 569: 558: 456: 386:mainland Australia 308:Western New Guinea 280:history of Oceania 104: 71: 63: 55: 6981: 6980: 6885: 6884: 6877:Wallis and Futuna 6785:Associated states 6658:978-0-226-73358-6 6629:978-0-691-05752-1 6565:978-0-8248-2265-1 6546:978-0-520-92896-1 6473:978-1-921666-68-1 6145:978-0-521-03036-6 6035:Tuvalu: A History 6021:Collingridge 2003 6009:Collingridge 2003 5997:Collingridge 2003 5961:Collingridge 2003 5889:Collingridge 2003 5874:Collingridge 2003 5862:Collingridge 2003 5496:978-1-4391-5031-3 5259:(318): 994–1004. 4981:Anthrocivitas.net 4702:Occasional Papers 4403:978-0-292-78621-9 4122:(5743): 2072–75. 3675:Fijian parliament 3667:Frank Bainimarama 3484:Operation Grapple 3376:New Georgia Sound 3356:and Red Beach on 3346:Japanese Imperial 3258:, and Hong Kong. 3207:conducted by the 3122:German Micronesia 3104:German New Guinea 3067:German New Guinea 3055:Siege of Tsingtao 2932:Kingdom of Hawaii 2779:Guano Islands Act 2690:German New Guinea 2609:Dutch colonialism 2529:Alonso de Salazar 2491:Marquesas Islands 2407:(1900). In 1887, 2135:, Cook named the 1934:Cape of Good Hope 1911:Kurnell Peninsula 1595:Van Diemen's Land 1444:Van Diemen's Land 1383:Dutch East Indies 1275:West Indies Fleet 1260:Admiralty Islands 1154:Gomes de Sequeira 1084:Portuguese Empire 1043:Chilean wine palm 1020:radiocarbon dates 906:Tuʻi Tonga Empire 880:Haʻamonga ʻa Maui 729:Malay Archipelago 685:Carolinian people 658:Saudeleur dynasty 585:Mwehin Sau Deleur 516:Saudeleur dynasty 464:Temple University 442:Polynesian people 276: 275: 16:(Redirected from 7001: 6912: 6905: 6898: 6889: 6888: 6867:Pitcairn Islands 6837:French Polynesia 6822:Christmas Island 6751:Papua New Guinea 6731:Marshall Islands 6704:Sovereign states 6690: 6683: 6676: 6667: 6666: 6662: 6650: 6636: 6614: 6592: 6569: 6550: 6531: 6509: 6478: 6477: 6455: 6449: 6448: 6437: 6431: 6416: 6410: 6404: 6398: 6397: 6395: 6393: 6382: 6376: 6369: 6363: 6356: 6350: 6335: 6329: 6323: 6317: 6316: 6314: 6312: 6306: 6289: 6280: 6271: 6264: 6258: 6257: 6246:. BiblioBazaar. 6239: 6233: 6232: 6230: 6228: 6216: 6210: 6203: 6197: 6183: 6177: 6176: 6174: 6172: 6163:. Archived from 6156: 6150: 6149: 6129: 6123: 6122: 6120: 6118: 6112: 6104: 6091: 6090: 6088: 6086: 6077:. Archived from 6070: 6064: 6045: 6039: 6038: 6030: 6024: 6018: 6012: 6006: 6000: 5994: 5988: 5987: 5970: 5964: 5958: 5952: 5951: 5949: 5947: 5933: 5927: 5925:Obeyesekere 1997 5922: 5916: 5911: 5905: 5903:Obeyesekere 1992 5900: 5891: 5886: 5877: 5871: 5865: 5859: 5853: 5847: 5841: 5840: 5838: 5836: 5824: 5815: 5809: 5803: 5802: 5800: 5798: 5783: 5777: 5776: 5774: 5772: 5762: 5756: 5755: 5753: 5751: 5742: 5734: 5728: 5727: 5725: 5723: 5706: 5700: 5699: 5690: 5688: 5670:Dance, Nathaniel 5666: 5660: 5659: 5652: 5646: 5645: 5643: 5641: 5626: 5620: 5614: 5608: 5607: 5605: 5603: 5588: 5582: 5581: 5579: 5577: 5568:. Archived from 5562: 5556: 5555: 5539: 5529: 5523: 5507: 5501: 5500: 5482: 5476: 5475: 5469: 5461: 5437: 5431: 5417:Science Magazine 5409: 5403: 5382: 5376: 5370: 5364: 5337: 5331: 5321: 5315: 5306: 5300: 5293: 5287: 5286: 5276: 5248: 5242: 5236: 5230: 5224: 5218: 5205: 5199: 5196: 5190: 5189: 5182: 5176: 5166: 5160: 5157: 5151: 5150: 5122: 5116: 5111:PV Kirch. 1997. 5109: 5103: 5102: 5084: 5078: 5077: 5064: 5058: 5057: 5055: 5053: 5029: 5023: 5017: 4999: 4993: 4992: 4990: 4988: 4973: 4967: 4966: 4948: 4924: 4918: 4917: 4907: 4897: 4863: 4857: 4856: 4846: 4836: 4812: 4806: 4805: 4777: 4771: 4758: 4752: 4751: 4749: 4747: 4724: 4718: 4717: 4715: 4713: 4699: 4690: 4681: 4680: 4678: 4676: 4653: 4647: 4646: 4644: 4642: 4619: 4610: 4609: 4607: 4605: 4592: 4586: 4585: 4583: 4581: 4558: 4547: 4546: 4544: 4542: 4519: 4513: 4512: 4510: 4508: 4485: 4479: 4478: 4476: 4474: 4451: 4442: 4441: 4439: 4437: 4414: 4408: 4407: 4387: 4381: 4380: 4378: 4376: 4365: 4359: 4353: 4347: 4341: 4335: 4329: 4323: 4322: 4320: 4318: 4300: 4291: 4290: 4280: 4270: 4246: 4240: 4239: 4221: 4197: 4191: 4190: 4172: 4166: 4165: 4147: 4111: 4105: 4099: 4084: 4067: 4061: 4051: 4045: 4044: 4042: 4040: 4035:. Illumina. 2012 4034: 4026: 4020: 4010: 4004: 4003: 3993: 3952: 3946: 3945: 3940: 3938: 3923: 3906: 3905:during planning. 3897:by the Japanese 3891:Hawaii Operation 3887: 3881: 3874: 3868: 3865: 3794:Pacific Solution 3772:Papua New Guinea 3712:Papua New Guinea 3545:Marshall Islands 3527:Marshall Islands 3496:Marshall Islands 3488:Operation Antler 3428:South Seas Force 3186:Second World War 3134:Marshall Islands 2936:Walter M. Gibson 2925:Samoan Civil War 2917:Imperial Germany 2875:Samoan Civil War 2666:Dutch New Guinea 2535:, after English 2435:were declared a 2359:Pitcairn Islands 2357:and settling on 2321: 2315: 2309: 2237: 2227: 2224: 2198:Marshall Sahlins 2186:harvest festival 2125:Hawaiian Islands 2113:Pacific Islander 2100:, while Captain 2057:Friendly Islands 2014:Antarctic Circle 1865:to do so (after 1822:transit of Venus 1764: 1749: 1725: 1709: 1685: 1665: 1649: 1634: 1618: 1566: 1456:Isaack Gilsemans 1236:Marshall Islands 1210:circumnavigation 1162:Jorge de Menezes 1158:Papua New Guinea 1150:Caroline Islands 1146:Tanimbar Islands 1134:Francisco Serrão 1130:António de Abreu 1061:Iberian pioneers 1041:(related to the 838: 809:"Lapita peoples" 781:Island Melanesia 689:Caroline Islands 631:basalt lava logs 621:Construction of 480:Denisova hominin 378:Papua New Guinea 304:Papua New Guinea 268: 261: 254: 239: 117:Shared Histories 92: 91:Oceanian Culture 83: 73: 72: 21: 7009: 7008: 7004: 7003: 7002: 7000: 6999: 6998: 6984: 6983: 6982: 6977: 6919: 6916: 6886: 6881: 6809: 6803: 6786: 6780: 6761:Solomon Islands 6699: 6694: 6659: 6630: 6611: 6589: 6566: 6547: 6528: 6506: 6498:. Ebury Press. 6487: 6482: 6481: 6474: 6466:. ANU E Press. 6456: 6452: 6439: 6438: 6434: 6417: 6413: 6405: 6401: 6391: 6389: 6384: 6383: 6379: 6370: 6366: 6357: 6353: 6336: 6332: 6324: 6320: 6310: 6308: 6304: 6287: 6281: 6274: 6265: 6261: 6254: 6240: 6236: 6226: 6224: 6217: 6213: 6204: 6200: 6184: 6180: 6170: 6168: 6157: 6153: 6146: 6130: 6126: 6116: 6114: 6110: 6106: 6105: 6094: 6084: 6082: 6071: 6067: 6046: 6042: 6031: 6027: 6019: 6015: 6007: 6003: 5995: 5991: 5974:Dibble, Sheldon 5971: 5967: 5959: 5955: 5945: 5943: 5935: 5934: 5930: 5923: 5919: 5912: 5908: 5901: 5894: 5887: 5880: 5872: 5868: 5860: 5856: 5848: 5844: 5834: 5832: 5825: 5818: 5810: 5806: 5796: 5794: 5785: 5784: 5780: 5770: 5768: 5764: 5763: 5759: 5749: 5747: 5740: 5736: 5735: 5731: 5721: 5719: 5708: 5707: 5703: 5686: 5684: 5667: 5663: 5654: 5653: 5649: 5639: 5637: 5628: 5627: 5623: 5615: 5611: 5601: 5599: 5590: 5589: 5585: 5575: 5573: 5572:on 29 June 2011 5564: 5563: 5559: 5552: 5530: 5526: 5521:Wayback Machine 5508: 5504: 5497: 5483: 5479: 5463: 5462: 5438: 5434: 5428:Wayback Machine 5410: 5406: 5383: 5379: 5371: 5367: 5338: 5334: 5322: 5318: 5307: 5303: 5294: 5290: 5249: 5245: 5237: 5233: 5225: 5221: 5215:Wayback Machine 5206: 5202: 5197: 5193: 5184: 5183: 5179: 5167: 5163: 5158: 5154: 5123: 5119: 5110: 5106: 5099: 5085: 5081: 5065: 5061: 5051: 5049: 5030: 5026: 5014: 5000: 4996: 4986: 4984: 4975: 4974: 4970: 4939:(20): 1237–46. 4933:Current Biology 4925: 4921: 4880:(15): 8225–28. 4864: 4860: 4827:(11): 2234–44. 4813: 4809: 4778: 4774: 4768:Wayback Machine 4759: 4755: 4745: 4743: 4741: 4725: 4721: 4711: 4709: 4697: 4691: 4684: 4674: 4672: 4670: 4654: 4650: 4640: 4638: 4636: 4620: 4613: 4603: 4601: 4594: 4593: 4589: 4579: 4577: 4575: 4559: 4550: 4540: 4538: 4536: 4520: 4516: 4506: 4504: 4502: 4486: 4482: 4472: 4470: 4468: 4452: 4445: 4435: 4433: 4431: 4415: 4411: 4404: 4388: 4384: 4374: 4372: 4367: 4366: 4362: 4354: 4350: 4342: 4338: 4330: 4326: 4316: 4314: 4301: 4294: 4247: 4243: 4212:(20): 1237–46. 4206:Current Biology 4198: 4194: 4187: 4173: 4169: 4112: 4108: 4100: 4087: 4077:Wayback Machine 4068: 4064: 4052: 4048: 4038: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4027: 4023: 4011: 4007: 3968:(6052): 94–98. 3953: 3949: 3936: 3934: 3925: 3924: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3909: 3888: 3884: 3875: 3871: 3866: 3862: 3857: 3810: 3732: 3710:to secede from 3697: 3691: 3645:Sitiveni Rabuka 3618: 3606:Main articles: 3604: 3584:nuclear testing 3569:Yankunytjatjara 3561:South Australia 3468:nuclear weapons 3460: 3396: 3350:Florida Islands 3342: 3334:Main articles: 3332: 3305:Solomon Islands 3286:Borneo campaign 3240:Empire of Japan 3205:military strike 3203:was a surprise 3152: 3144:Main articles: 3142: 3035: 2889: 2871: 2829: 2781: 2775: 2728: 2650:The Netherlands 2631:Basilaki Island 2611: 2525: 2515: 2421: 2409:King Fata-a-iki 2374:Gilbert Islands 2343: 2330: 2319: 2313: 2307: 2269:religious icons 2249:King of Hawaiʻi 2235: 2225: 2172:'Hawaii Island' 2152:Alta California 2094: 2088: 1999:Tobias Furneaux 1990:Cook commanded 1984:Terra Australis 1964: 1958: 1871:Banks Peninsula 1847:Terra Australis 1790: 1784: 1779: 1772: 1765: 1756: 1750: 1741: 1726: 1717: 1714:Abel Tasman map 1710: 1692: 1686: 1677: 1666: 1657: 1650: 1641: 1635: 1626: 1619: 1610: 1567: 1518:Zeehaen's Bight 1437: 1385: 1363:Willem Schouten 1355: 1314: 1282:Terra Australis 1271:Manila galleons 1232: 1226: 1218:Mariana Islands 1206:Magellan-Elcano 1094: 1068: 1063: 1058: 987:(Easter Island) 717: 711: 701: 671:, and spoke an 587:(Period of the 524: 518: 504: 415: 409: 362: 356: 320: 272: 240: 230: 129: 90: 77: 33: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7007: 6997: 6996: 6979: 6978: 6976: 6975: 6965: 6959: 6950: 6945: 6939: 6930: 6924: 6921: 6920: 6915: 6914: 6907: 6900: 6892: 6883: 6882: 6880: 6879: 6874: 6869: 6864: 6859: 6857:Norfolk Island 6854: 6849: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6817:American Samoa 6813: 6811: 6805: 6804: 6802: 6801: 6796: 6790: 6788: 6787:of New Zealand 6782: 6781: 6779: 6778: 6773: 6768: 6763: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6738: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6718: 6713: 6707: 6705: 6701: 6700: 6693: 6692: 6685: 6678: 6670: 6664: 6663: 6657: 6637: 6628: 6615: 6609: 6593: 6587: 6570: 6564: 6551: 6545: 6532: 6526: 6514:Hough, Richard 6510: 6504: 6486: 6483: 6480: 6479: 6472: 6450: 6432: 6411: 6399: 6377: 6364: 6351: 6330: 6318: 6272: 6259: 6252: 6234: 6211: 6205:White, Osmar. 6198: 6178: 6151: 6144: 6124: 6092: 6065: 6055:, Suva, Fiji, 6040: 6025: 6013: 6001: 5989: 5965: 5953: 5928: 5917: 5906: 5892: 5878: 5866: 5854: 5842: 5816: 5804: 5778: 5757: 5729: 5701: 5695:Southern Ocean 5661: 5647: 5621: 5609: 5583: 5557: 5550: 5524: 5502: 5495: 5489:. Free Press. 5477: 5432: 5421:Entire article 5404: 5385:Diamond, Jared 5377: 5365: 5361:Online version 5332: 5316: 5301: 5288: 5243: 5231: 5219: 5200: 5191: 5177: 5161: 5152: 5117: 5104: 5097: 5079: 5059: 5048:on 10 May 2011 5024: 5012: 4994: 4983:. October 2009 4968: 4919: 4858: 4807: 4794:10.1086/379272 4772: 4753: 4739: 4719: 4682: 4668: 4648: 4634: 4611: 4587: 4573: 4548: 4534: 4514: 4500: 4480: 4466: 4443: 4429: 4409: 4402: 4382: 4360: 4358:, p. 170. 4348: 4336: 4334:, p. 167. 4324: 4292: 4241: 4192: 4185: 4167: 4106: 4085: 4062: 4046: 4021: 4005: 3947: 3917: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3908: 3907: 3882: 3869: 3859: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3852: 3851: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3831: 3826: 3821: 3816: 3809: 3806: 3731: 3728: 3693:Main article: 3690: 3687: 3683:Brendan Nelson 3660:George Speight 3649:United Nations 3603: 3600: 3565:Pitjantjatjara 3498:) and France ( 3459: 3456: 3395: 3392: 3331: 3328: 3248:British Empire 3160:Battleship Row 3141: 3138: 3034: 3031: 3023:American Samoa 2921:Samoan Islands 2870: 2867: 2828: 2825: 2793:U.S. territory 2789:Howland Island 2774: 2771: 2727: 2724: 2682:United Kingdom 2674:British colony 2610: 2607: 2544:Thomas Gilbert 2514: 2511: 2487:Pōmare Dynasty 2460:Port-de-France 2420: 2417: 2376:(now known as 2367:British Empire 2342: 2339: 2329: 2326: 2240:Kealakekua Bay 2219:Johann Zoffany 2168:Kealakekua Bay 2102:Charles Clerke 2090:Main article: 2087: 2084: 2065:Norfolk Island 1960:Main article: 1957: 1954: 1786:Main article: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1774: 1773: 1766: 1759: 1757: 1751: 1744: 1742: 1738:travel journal 1730:Murderers' Bay 1727: 1720: 1718: 1711: 1704: 1702: 1694: 1693: 1687: 1680: 1678: 1676:in a 1796 map. 1667: 1660: 1658: 1651: 1644: 1642: 1636: 1629: 1627: 1623:Bay of Islands 1620: 1613: 1611: 1603:Nova Zeelandia 1587:Nova Hollandia 1568: 1561: 1503:(now known as 1501:Murderers' Bay 1436: 1433: 1367:Jacob Le Maire 1354: 1351: 1313: 1310: 1230:Manila galleon 1225: 1222: 1182:Duarte Barbosa 1148:, some of the 1088:Spanish Empire 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 971:Cannibal Isles 805: 804: 792: 788: 700: 697: 650:of the Pacific 589:Lord of Deleur 503: 500: 408: 405: 355: 352: 348:Remote Oceania 319: 316: 274: 273: 271: 270: 263: 256: 248: 245: 244: 242:Oceania Portal 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6625: 6621: 6616: 6612: 6610:0-691-05752-4 6606: 6602: 6598: 6594: 6590: 6588:0-252-06973-0 6584: 6580: 6576: 6571: 6567: 6561: 6557: 6552: 6548: 6542: 6538: 6533: 6529: 6527:0-340-82556-1 6523: 6519: 6515: 6511: 6507: 6505:0-09-188898-0 6501: 6497: 6493: 6489: 6488: 6475: 6469: 6465: 6461: 6454: 6446: 6442: 6436: 6429: 6428:0-87021-607-4 6425: 6421: 6415: 6408: 6403: 6387: 6381: 6374: 6368: 6361: 6355: 6348: 6344: 6340: 6334: 6327: 6322: 6303: 6299: 6298: 6293: 6286: 6279: 6277: 6269: 6263: 6255: 6253:1-4264-0754-8 6249: 6245: 6238: 6222: 6215: 6208: 6202: 6196: 6195:0-85558-956-6 6192: 6188: 6182: 6166: 6162: 6155: 6147: 6141: 6137: 6136: 6128: 6109: 6103: 6101: 6099: 6097: 6080: 6076: 6069: 6062: 6061:982-02-0335-X 6058: 6054: 6050: 6044: 6036: 6029: 6023:, p. 423 6022: 6017: 6011:, p. 412 6010: 6005: 5999:, p. 413 5998: 5993: 5985: 5981: 5980: 5975: 5969: 5963:, p. 410 5962: 5957: 5942: 5938: 5932: 5926: 5921: 5915: 5910: 5904: 5899: 5897: 5890: 5885: 5883: 5876:, p. 380 5875: 5870: 5864:, p. 327 5863: 5858: 5852:, p. 263 5851: 5846: 5830: 5823: 5821: 5814:, p. 182 5813: 5808: 5792: 5788: 5782: 5767: 5761: 5746: 5739: 5733: 5717: 5716: 5711: 5705: 5698: 5696: 5683: 5679: 5675: 5671: 5665: 5657: 5651: 5635: 5631: 5625: 5618: 5613: 5597: 5593: 5587: 5571: 5567: 5561: 5553: 5551:0-393-06259-7 5547: 5543: 5538: 5537: 5528: 5522: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5506: 5498: 5492: 5488: 5481: 5473: 5467: 5466:cite magazine 5459: 5455: 5451: 5447: 5443: 5436: 5429: 5425: 5422: 5418: 5414: 5408: 5401: 5400:0-14-303655-6 5397: 5393: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5374: 5369: 5362: 5358: 5354: 5350: 5346: 5342: 5336: 5329: 5325: 5320: 5313: 5312: 5305: 5298: 5292: 5284: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5266: 5262: 5258: 5254: 5247: 5240: 5235: 5228: 5223: 5216: 5212: 5209: 5204: 5195: 5187: 5181: 5174: 5170: 5165: 5156: 5148: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5133:(3): 337–92. 5132: 5128: 5121: 5114: 5108: 5100: 5098:0-500-27450-9 5094: 5090: 5083: 5075: 5071: 5063: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5028: 5021: 5015: 5013:0-520-23461-8 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4196: 4188: 4186:0-631-16727-7 4182: 4179:. Blackwell. 4178: 4171: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4125: 4121: 4117: 4110: 4103: 4098: 4096: 4094: 4092: 4090: 4082: 4078: 4074: 4071: 4066: 4059: 4055: 4050: 4031: 4025: 4018: 4014: 4009: 4001: 3997: 3992: 3987: 3983: 3979: 3975: 3971: 3967: 3963: 3959: 3951: 3944: 3932: 3928: 3922: 3918: 3904: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3886: 3879: 3873: 3864: 3860: 3850: 3847: 3845: 3842: 3840: 3837: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3812: 3811: 3805: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3779: 3777: 3773: 3769: 3765: 3761: 3755: 3753: 3749: 3744: 3736: 3727: 3725: 3721: 3717: 3713: 3709: 3704: 3702: 3696: 3686: 3684: 3679: 3676: 3672: 3668: 3665: 3661: 3656: 3654: 3650: 3646: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3622: 3617: 3613: 3609: 3599: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3580: 3577: 3572: 3570: 3566: 3562: 3558: 3553: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3541:hydrogen bomb 3539: 3535: 3530: 3528: 3525:atoll in the 3524: 3520: 3517:, codenamed " 3516: 3515:hydrogen bomb 3512: 3511:nuclear tests 3508: 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2914: 2913:Samoan Crisis 2906: 2901: 2893: 2888: 2884: 2883:Siege of Apia 2880: 2876: 2866: 2863: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2824: 2822: 2818: 2813: 2811: 2807: 2806: 2800: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2780: 2770: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2739: 2737: 2733: 2723: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2708: 2706: 2702: 2697: 2695: 2692:(also called 2691: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2646: 2642: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2623:Gulf of Papua 2620: 2616: 2606: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2595:Easter Island 2592: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2568: 2563: 2559: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2540:John Marshall 2538: 2534: 2530: 2524: 2520: 2510: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2479: 2477: 2476:Louise Michel 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2448: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2425: 2416: 2414: 2410: 2406: 2401: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2370: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2351:William Bligh 2348: 2334: 2322: 2316: 2310: 2303: 2299: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2280: 2278: 2277:burial at sea 2274: 2270: 2266: 2265:disembowelled 2260: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2241: 2234: 2220: 2216: 2215: 2210: 2206: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2184:, a Hawaiian 2183: 2182: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2164: 2161: 2157: 2156:Bering Strait 2153: 2148: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2109: 2103: 2099: 2093: 2083: 2081: 2076: 2074: 2070: 2069:New Caledonia 2066: 2062: 2061:Easter Island 2058: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2038: 2033: 2029: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2006: 2000: 1996: 1995: 1988: 1985: 1977: 1973: 1968: 1963: 1950: 1945: 1941: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1926:Torres Strait 1923: 1918: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1890: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1851: 1849: 1848: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1814:Royal Society 1807: 1802: 1794: 1789: 1770: 1763: 1758: 1754: 1748: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1724: 1719: 1715: 1708: 1703: 1700: 1696: 1695: 1691: 1684: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1664: 1659: 1655: 1652:The route of 1648: 1643: 1639: 1633: 1628: 1624: 1617: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1565: 1560: 1559: 1558: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1519: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1497: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1470: 1468: 1464: 1459: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1432: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1413:Easter Island 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1318: 1309: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1294:Torres Strait 1291: 1287: 1283: 1278: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1263: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1231: 1221: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1119: 1115: 1114: 1108: 1102: 1098: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1053: 1051: 1049: 1044: 1040: 1038: 1037:Paschalococos 1033: 1029: 1023: 1021: 1017: 1012: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 993:Easter Island 986: 982: 978: 974: 972: 967: 962: 959: 953: 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 931: 927: 926: 920: 918: 913: 909: 907: 897: 894: 890: 886: 882: 881: 876: 872: 870: 866: 862: 858: 854: 849: 846: 842: 834: 830: 826: 822: 818: 815:of northwest 814: 810: 802: 798: 793: 789: 786: 782: 778: 774: 773:"Bird's Head" 770: 766: 762: 761: 760: 758: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 716: 710: 706: 696: 694: 690: 686: 682: 678: 674: 670: 665: 663: 659: 655: 651: 649: 644: 640: 636: 635:Temwen Island 632: 628: 624: 619: 617: 616: 611: 610: 605: 601: 597: 596: 590: 586: 582: 581:Mwehin Aramas 578: 574: 566: 562: 556: 551: 547: 545: 541: 537: 532: 530: 523: 517: 513: 509: 499: 496: 494: 489: 485: 481: 476: 472: 470: 465: 462:published by 461: 460:genetic study 454: 449: 445: 443: 439: 434: 432: 428: 424: 420: 414: 404: 402: 397: 395: 391: 387: 383: 379: 375: 371: 367: 361: 351: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 325: 315: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 288:Easter Island 285: 281: 269: 264: 262: 257: 255: 250: 249: 247: 246: 243: 238: 234: 233: 227: 224: 222: 219: 217: 214: 213: 212: 211: 207: 206: 201: 198: 196: 193: 191: 188: 186: 183: 182: 181: 180: 176: 175: 170: 167: 165: 162: 160: 157: 156: 155: 154: 150: 149: 142: 139: 137: 134: 133: 131: 128: 125: 123: 120: 118: 115: 114: 113: 112: 108: 107: 101: 97: 96: 93: 88: 87: 84: 81: 75: 74: 67: 59: 52: 48: 44: 39: 35: 32: 27: 19: 6967: 6808:Dependencies 6794:Cook Islands 6696: 6646: 6633: 6619: 6600: 6574: 6555: 6536: 6517: 6495: 6485:Bibliography 6463: 6453: 6444: 6435: 6414: 6402: 6390:. Retrieved 6380: 6372: 6367: 6359: 6354: 6346: 6338: 6333: 6326:Morison 2001 6321: 6309:. Retrieved 6302:the original 6296: 6267: 6262: 6243: 6237: 6225:. Retrieved 6214: 6206: 6201: 6186: 6181: 6169:. Retrieved 6165:the original 6154: 6134: 6127: 6115:. Retrieved 6083:. Retrieved 6079:the original 6068: 6048: 6043: 6034: 6028: 6016: 6004: 5992: 5978: 5968: 5956: 5944:. Retrieved 5931: 5920: 5914:Sahlins 1985 5909: 5869: 5857: 5845: 5833:. Retrieved 5807: 5797:21 September 5795:. Retrieved 5790: 5781: 5771:21 September 5769:. Retrieved 5760: 5748:. Retrieved 5732: 5720:. Retrieved 5713: 5704: 5694: 5692: 5685:. Retrieved 5682:Joseph Banks 5677: 5664: 5650: 5640:23 September 5638:. Retrieved 5633: 5624: 5616: 5612: 5600:. Retrieved 5586: 5574:. Retrieved 5570:the original 5560: 5535: 5527: 5511: 5505: 5486: 5480: 5458:the original 5445: 5435: 5416: 5407: 5388: 5380: 5368: 5356: 5352: 5348: 5344: 5343:founder god 5335: 5319: 5309: 5304: 5296: 5291: 5256: 5252: 5246: 5234: 5222: 5203: 5194: 5180: 5172: 5164: 5155: 5130: 5126: 5120: 5112: 5107: 5088: 5082: 5076:(2): 128–44. 5073: 5069: 5062: 5050:. Retrieved 5046:the original 5041: 5037: 5027: 5019: 5003: 4997: 4985:. Retrieved 4980: 4971: 4936: 4932: 4922: 4877: 4871: 4861: 4824: 4820: 4810: 4788:(S5): S121. 4785: 4781: 4775: 4756: 4744:. Retrieved 4729: 4722: 4710:. Retrieved 4705: 4701: 4673:. Retrieved 4658: 4651: 4639:. Retrieved 4624: 4602:. Retrieved 4596: 4590: 4578:. Retrieved 4563: 4539:. Retrieved 4524: 4517: 4505:. Retrieved 4490: 4483: 4471:. Retrieved 4456: 4434:. Retrieved 4419: 4412: 4392: 4385: 4373:. Retrieved 4363: 4351: 4339: 4327: 4315:. Retrieved 4311: 4258: 4254: 4244: 4209: 4205: 4195: 4176: 4170: 4119: 4115: 4109: 4080: 4065: 4057: 4049: 4037:. Retrieved 4024: 4016: 4008: 3965: 3961: 3950: 3942: 3935:. Retrieved 3931:the original 3921: 3902: 3895:Operation AI 3894: 3890: 3885: 3872: 3863: 3791: 3788: 3780: 3756: 3745: 3741: 3705: 3698: 3680: 3657: 3638:Indo-Fijians 3630:coups d'état 3627: 3602:Fijian coups 3581: 3573: 3554: 3543:test in the 3538:Castle Bravo 3531: 3504: 3492:Bikini atoll 3477: 3472:Bikini Atoll 3440: 3436:Kokoda Track 3424:Port Moresby 3399: 3397: 3373: 3362: 3343: 3320: (CV-6) 3317: 3290: 3282:Kokada Track 3271: 3260: 3229: 3217:Pearl Harbor 3200: 3198: 3179: 3172: 3165: 3140:World War II 3120: 3116: 3101: 3090: 3071: 3046: 3044: 3027:German Samoa 3006: 3000: 2994: 2983: 2976: 2969: 2962: 2955: 2948: 2944: 2929: 2912: 2910: 2904: 2887:German Samoa 2864: 2830: 2814: 2809: 2803: 2801: 2785:Baker Island 2782: 2747:protectorate 2740: 2734:in 1884 and 2729: 2709: 2698: 2663: 2634: 2626: 2612: 2603:Atamu Tekena 2590: 2572: 2566: 2526: 2506: 2502: 2480: 2470:, including 2464:penal colony 2452:Napoleon III 2449: 2430: 2402: 2386:protectorate 2371: 2345:In 1789 the 2344: 2318: 2312: 2306: 2287: 2283: 2281: 2261: 2253:Kalaniʻōpuʻu 2232: 2230: 2212: 2193: 2179: 2165: 2149: 2143:—the acting 2107: 2097: 2095: 2077: 2042: 2021: 2017: 2004: 1993: 1989: 1981: 1938:Saint Helena 1919: 1906: 1903:Bawley Point 1899:Brush Island 1891: 1887:North Island 1879:South Island 1852: 1845: 1812:In 1766 the 1811: 1625:, 1827–1828. 1530: 1516: 1500: 1498: 1478:Staten Landt 1477: 1474:South Island 1471: 1460: 1438: 1386: 1379:Dutch Empire 1279: 1264: 1256:Cook Islands 1233: 1123: 1111: 1045: 1035: 1024: 1013: 992: 990: 970: 963: 954: 933: 928: 924: 921: 903: 901: 878: 850: 806: 796: 791:Polynesians. 767:and eastern 756: 747:and on into 718: 666: 646: 620: 613: 607: 592: 584: 580: 576: 570: 536:Micronesians 533: 525: 508:Micronesians 497: 484:Svante Pääbo 477: 473: 457: 435: 429:, including 419:Neanderthals 416: 398: 393: 363: 344:Near Oceania 321: 279: 277: 159:Architecture 116: 76: 34: 26: 6741:New Zealand 6373:Proceedings 5835:5 September 5750:3 September 5722:4 September 5672:(c. 1776). 5349:Tu'u ko Iho 5169:John Martin 4746:31 December 4712:31 December 4641:31 December 4604:31 December 4597:Micronesica 4580:31 December 4541:31 December 4507:31 December 4317:22 December 4312:NYTimes.com 4304:Carl Zimmer 3903:Operation Z 3724:Francis Ona 3444:Guadalcanal 3358:Guadalcanal 3246:and on the 3244:Philippines 3150:Pacific War 3033:World War I 2923:during the 2705:headhunting 2670:New Ireland 2556:First Fleet 2533:Krusenstern 2328:Colonialism 2273:Middle Ages 2226: 1795 2202:deification 2137:archipelago 1883:Cook Strait 1867:Abel Tasman 1767:The bay of 1734:Abel Tasman 1699:Abel Tasman 1670:New Holland 1654:Abel Tasman 1638:Abel Tasman 1607:New Zealand 1579:Nova Guinea 1575:Australasia 1535:Cape Egmont 1515:(naming it 1509:Cook Strait 1440:Abel Tasman 1397:New Zealand 1326:Australasia 1324:(including 1320:Regions of 1214:Philippines 1190:trade winds 1186:João Serrão 1142:Aru Islands 997:Hotu Matuꞌa 966:cannibalism 942:Melanesians 938:Polynesians 896:Tuʻi-tā-tui 825:archaeology 765:Philippines 753:Han Chinese 721:Polynesians 705:Polynesians 681:Latte stone 577:Mwehin Kawa 488:Melanesians 413:Melanesians 300:New Zealand 6948:Antarctica 6345:on Prange 6311:30 January 6171:20 October 6117:30 January 6085:20 October 5850:Hough 1994 5812:Hough 1994 5687:23 January 5602:9 December 5576:27 January 5341:Mangarevan 5274:1885/39600 5052:1 November 4987:23 January 4356:Kirch 2001 4332:Kirch 2001 4261:(1): e19. 4255:PLOS Genet 3937:27 January 3913:References 3730:Modern age 3416:New Guinea 3318:Enterprise 3284:, and the 3232:preventive 3213:naval base 2873:See also: 2856:Micronesia 2805:Tui Manúʻa 2741:Following 2732:New Guinea 2678:Queensland 2633:naming it 2583:Davis Land 2548:Botany Bay 2517:See also: 2468:Communards 2454:, Admiral 2355:Royal Navy 2284:Resolution 2233:Resolution 2194:Resolution 2160:Cook Inlet 2104:commanded 2098:Resolution 2045:Antarctica 2018:Resolution 1994:Resolution 1818:James Cook 1806:James Cook 1701:'s voyages 1583:New Guinea 1555:James Cook 1551:New Guinea 1547:Vanua Levu 1505:Golden Bay 1357:See also: 1334:Micronesia 1228:See also: 1202:westerlies 1136:in 1512), 1070:See also: 1050:chilensis) 1001:Polynesian 893:Tuʻi Tonga 883:, a stone 841:C14 dating 801:haplotypes 785:linguistic 777:New Guinea 745:Micronesia 713:See also: 662:Isokelekel 627:megalithic 615:nahnmwarki 609:nahnmwarki 604:Isokelekel 600:Pohnpeians 595:Nahnmwarki 520:See also: 502:Micronesia 336:Micronesia 324:prehistory 318:Prehistory 310:and other 169:Literature 136:Indigenous 47:Micronesia 29:See also: 6972:Australia 6711:Australia 5345:Atu Motua 5283:160933194 5253:Antiquity 5147:160340278 5022:. 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