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508:, well beyond what was needed for a practical reactor. In July, it reached a temperature of 200 million kelvins, far beyond what was needed. However, when the system was operated with both of these conditions at the same time, a high enough triple product and temperature, the system became unstable. Three years of effort failed to address these issues, and TFTR never reached its goal. The system continued performing basic studies on these problems until being shut down in 1997. Beginning in 1993, TFTR was the first in the world to use 1:1 mixtures of
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693:. The lab delivered 75% of components for the fusion energy experiment's electrical network in 2017 and has been leading the design and construction of six diagnostic tools for analyzing ITER plasmas. The PPPL physicist Richard Hawryluk served as ITER Deputy Director-General from 2011 to 2013. In 2022, PPPL staff developed with researchers from other national labs and universities over several months a US ITER research plan during the joint Fusion Energy Sciences Research Needs Workshop.
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By the mid-1960s it was clear something was fundamentally wrong with the stellarators, as they leaked fuel at rates far beyond what theory predicted, rates that carried away energy from the plasma that was far beyond what the fusion reactions could ever produce. Spitzer became extremely skeptical
462:
that fusion energy was possible and expressed this opinion in very public fashion in 1965 at an international meeting in the UK. At the same meeting, the Soviet delegation announced results about 10 times better than any previous device, which
Spitzer dismissed as a measurement error.
469:
limit. An enormous argument broke out between the AEC and the various labs about whether this was real. When a UK team verified the results in 1969, the AEC suggested PPPL to convert their Model C to a tokamak to test it, as the only lab willing to build one from scratch,
438:, which could be used for breeding weapon fuel, the program was classified and carried out as part of Project Matterhorn. Matterhorn ultimately ended its involvement in the bomb field in 1954, becoming entirely devoted to the fusion power field.
448:
The early figure-8 stellarators included: Model-A, Model-B, Model-B2, Model-B3. Model-B64 was a square with round corners, and Model-B65 had a racetrack configuration. The last and most powerful stellarator at this time was the "racetrack"
474:, would need some time to build theirs. Seeing the possibility of being bypassed in the fusion field, PPPL eventually agreed to convert the Model C to what became the Symmetric Tokamak (ST), quickly verifying the approach.
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was converted to a tokamak. It verified the Soviet claims, and since that time, PPPL has been a worldwide leader in tokamak theory and design, building a series of record-breaking machines including the
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model that could forecast tearing mode instabilities up to 300 milliseconds in advance. That is enough time for the plasma controller to adjust operating parameters to prevent the tear and maintain
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in
Washington. As a result of this meeting and a review of the invention by scientists throughout the nation, the stellarator proposal was funded in 1951. As the device would produce high-energy
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PPPL's stellarators proved unable to meet their performance goals. In 1968, Soviet's claims of excellent performance on their tokamaks generated intense scepticism, and to test it, PPPL's
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to study the concept. This led to a series of machines in the 1950s and 1960s. In 1961, after declassification, Project
Matterhorn was renamed the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory.
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Odd-parity heating was demonstrated in the 4 cm radius PFRC-1 experiment in 2006. PFRC-2 has a plasma radius of 8 cm. Studies of electron heating in PFRC-2 reached 500
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Seo, Jaemin; Kim, SangKyeun; Jalalvand, Azarakhsh; Conlin, Rory; Rothstein, Andrew; Abbate, Joseph; Erickson, Keith; Wai, Josiah; Shousha, Ricardo; Kolemen, Egemen (2024).
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500:, or TFTR, which was completed in 1982. After a lengthy breaking-in period, TFTR began slowly increasing the temperature and density of the fuel, while introducing
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Spitzer, a professor of astronomy, had for many years been involved in the study of very hot rarefied gases in interstellar space. While leaving for a ski trip to
481:(PLT) to test whether the theory that larger machines would be more stable was true. Starting in 1975, PLT verified these "scaling laws" and then went on to add
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In 2015, PPPL completed an upgrade to NSTX to produce NSTX-U that made it the most powerful experimental fusion facility, or tokamak, of its type in the world.
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445:. This generated an influx of graduate students eager to learn the "new" physics, which in turn influenced the lab to concentrate more on basic research.
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At the next meeting in 1968, the
Soviets presented considerable data from their devices that showed even greater performance, about 100 times the
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415:. Spitzer ultimately dismissed these claims, and they were later proven erroneous, but the story got him thinking about fusion. While riding the
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With this string of successes, PPPL had little trouble winning the bid to build an even larger machine, one specifically designed to reach
712:. PPPL also aims to speed the development of fusion energy through the development of an increased number of public-private partnerships.
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In 2017, the group received a Phase II NIAC grant along with two NASA STTRs funding the RF subsystem and superconducting coil subsystem.
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556:. The research team claimed that its use of quasisymmetry was more sophisticated than prior devices. Also in 2024, PPL announced a
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designs, along with numerous fundamental advances in plasma physics and the exploration of many other plasma confinement concepts.
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797:"10 Questions for Steven Cowley, New Director of the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory | Princeton Plasma Physics Lab"
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from Oak Ridge that resulted in a series of record-setting plasma temperatures, eventually topping out at 78 million
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and many others. Dozens of smaller machines were also built to test particular problems and solutions, including the ATC,
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Laboratory scientists are collaborating with researchers on fusion science and technology at other facilities, including
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Staff are applying knowledge gained in fusion research to a number of theoretical and experimental areas including
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1343:"New public-private partnership comes to PPPL through a novel program to speed the development of fusion energy"
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gas as the fuel. In April 1986, it demonstrated a combination of density and confinement, the so-called
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The
Knowledge Web: From Electronic Agents to Stonehenge and Back – And Other Journeys Through Knowledge
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In 1961 Gottlieb became the first director of the renamed
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory.
557:
489:, well beyond what was needed for a practical fusion power system. Its success was major news.
482:
375:
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390:, an avid mountaineer, was aware of this program and suggested the name "Project Matterhorn".
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1253:"PPPL has a new interim director and is moving ahead with construction of prototype magnets"
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for long periods so it could be heated to fusion temperatures. He called this concept the
27:
National laboratory for plasma physics and nuclear fusion science at
Princeton, New Jersey
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Two small machines followed the ST, exploring ways to heat the plasma, and then the
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548:. MUSE uses rare-earth permanent magnets with a field strength that can exceed 1.2
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while running on an actual fusion fuel, rather than a test gas. This produced the
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1214:
1057:"Stellarator fusion reactor gets new life thanks to a creative magnet workaround"
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1325:"Future entrepreneurs get outside their comfort zone in Energy I-Corps workshop"
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2015:
1980:
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in
February 1951, his father called and told him to read the front page of the
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Princeton
University Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, p. 77,
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1995:
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1107:"Avoiding fusion plasma tearing instability with deep reinforcement learning"
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United
Nations International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy
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2010:
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1271:"Steven Cowley named director of DOE's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory"
1200:
Stern, Robert (2007) "Princeton fusion center to lose influential leader",
549:
532:
516:. In 1994 it yielded an unprecedented 10.7 megawatts of fusion power.
3852:
National Register of Historic Places listings in Mercer County, New Jersey
528:(NSTX), based on the spherical tokamak concept, came online at the PPPL.
3703:
3545:
1837:
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1655:
1215:"Press Release, Prager to lead DOE's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory"
822:
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1081:"AI can predict and prevent fusion plasma instabilities in milliseconds"
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1935:
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In 1958, this magnetic fusion research was declassified following the
1700:
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509:
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404:
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1155:
Fusion: Science, Politics, and the Invention of a New Energy Source
906:"Highlights in Early Stellarator Research at Princeton. Stix. 1997"
875:
Fusion: Science, Politics, and the Invention of a New Energy Source
318:
developed the stellarator concept and was granted funding from the
303:
181:
513:
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296:
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science. Its primary mission is research into and development of
3234:
403:. The paper had a story about claims released the day before in
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Office of Cybersecurity, Energy Security, & Energy Response
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486:
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192:
63:
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667:
3795:(formerly located on Witherspoon Street, now in neighboring
1380:, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, accessed 16 May 2018.
1037:
749:
National Transport Code Collaboration (NTCC) Modules Library
685:
PPPL manages the U.S. ITER project activities together with
3048:
2245:
993:
Staff (1996) "Fusion Lab Planning Big Reactor's Last Run",
247:
1592:
Princeton Institute for International and Regional Studies
1361:"Princeton Plasma Physics Lab Teams Up With Tech Start-Up"
3330:
Princeton International School of Mathematics and Science
1377:
761:
Route 3 runs to Forrestal Campus and terminates at PPPL.
3881:
United States Department of Energy national laboratories
1413:
218:
1014:"Game Changing Direct Drive Fusion Propulsion Progress"
37:
2551:
1406:
Project Matterhorn Publications and Reports, 1951–1958
1038:"National Spherical Torus Experiment Upgrade (NSTX-U)"
601:
1997 (January–July): John A. Schmidt, interim director
1572:
Julis-Rabinowitz Center for Public Policy and Finance
1104:
2662:
Under Secretary of Energy for Science and Innovation
1414:
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Official Website
740:
Field Reversed Configuration (FRC) Theory Consortium
650:
Other domestic and international research activities
419:
at Aspen, he struck upon a new concept to confine a
1204:, Newark, New Jersey, 15 December 2007, p. 20.
961:
628:
Timeline of major research projects and experiments
306:project to control thermonuclear reactions, called
1408:. Princeton University Library Digital Collections
856:Simon & Schuster, New York, pp. 241–242,
3886:Federally Funded Research and Development Centers
552:. The device uses quasiaxisymmetry, a subtype of
407:that a relatively unknown German scientist named
3862:
2707:Assistant Secretary of Energy for Nuclear Energy
2687:Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
1307:"Fusion Energy Sciences Research Needs Workshop"
715:
680:International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor
3281:Witherspoon Street School for Colored Children
2644:Under Secretary of Energy for Nuclear Security
2603:Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence
3170:
3032:Energy Department Facilities and Reservations
2692:Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management
2537:
1582:Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination
1441:
928:
728:
3398:Princeton Community Japanese Language School
2632:Under Secretary of Energy for Infrastructure
1378:"Laboratory for Plasma Nanosynthesis (LPN)"
430:Later that year he took this design to the
3177:
3163:
2544:
2530:
1544:School of Public and International Affairs
1448:
1434:
1418:
989:
987:
985:
983:
36:
3184:
2430:1869 New Jersey vs. Rutgers football game
1539:School of Engineering and Applied Science
1235:"PPPL Director Stewart Prager Steps Down"
1138:
743:Tokamak Physics Design and Analysis Codes
724:Laboratory for Plasma Nanosynthesis (LPN)
310:. The focus of this program changed from
291:. It is known for the development of the
2652:National Nuclear Security Administration
2613:Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy
2435:1922 Princeton vs. Chicago football game
1567:Center for Information Technology Policy
1455:
972:sfn error: no target: CITEREFMeade1988 (
931:"Experiments on the Model C stellarator"
929:Yoshikawa, S.; Stix, T.H. (1985-09-01).
616:2017–2018: Richard J. Hawryluk (interim)
1157:, MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
980:
815:Project Matterhorn: an informal history
776:National Compact Stellarator Experiment
544:In 2024, the lab announced MUSE, a new
14:
3863:
3793:Penn Medicine Princeton Medical Center
900:
898:
3315:Princeton Academy of the Sacred Heart
3158:
2525:
1618:Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory
1429:
1007:
1005:
967:
613:2016–2017: Terrence K. Brog (interim)
3144:Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
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1011:
834:
734:DOE Scientific Simulation Initiative
3891:Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
3803:Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
1613:Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
1400:Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
1184:Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
895:
840:Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
721:Beam Dynamics and Nonneutral Plasma
535:with pulse lengths of 300 ms.
526:National Spherical Torus Experiment
411:had achieved nuclear fusion in his
266:Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
31:Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
24:
2553:United States Department of Energy
1002:
691:Savannah River National Laboratory
678:(W7-X) device in Germany, and the
274:United States Department of Energy
25:
3912:
3901:Research institutes in New Jersey
3896:1961 establishments in New Jersey
2744:Western Area Power Administration
2739:Southwestern Power Administration
2734:Southeastern Power Administration
2608:Energy Information Administration
2391:Powers Field at Princeton Stadium
1387:
999:, 22 December 1996, p. N-07.
753:
3233:
2621:
2503:
2492:
2491:
2195:American Whig-Cliosophic Society
1630:
1587:Princeton Neuroscience Institute
1393:
1277:from the original on 2018-05-16.
918:from the original on 2022-10-09.
580:, director of Project Matterhorn
519:
302:PPPL grew out of the top-secret
246:
239:
3871:Plainsboro Township, New Jersey
3408:Princeton University Art Museum
2729:Bonneville Power Administration
1903:American Whig-Clisophic Society
1371:
1353:
1335:
1317:
1299:
1289:"ITER and other Collaborations"
1281:
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1245:
1227:
1207:
1194:
1172:
1147:
1098:
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1030:
453:(operating from 1961 to 1969).
3808:Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
3753:Princeton addressed landmarks
3638:Princeton Community Television
3366:Princeton Theological Seminary
2721:Power Marketing Administration
1800:Putnam Collection of Sculpture
922:
867:
846:
828:
807:
789:
314:to fusion power in 1951, when
13:
1:
1947:Jane Eliza Procter Fellowship
1597:Office of Population Research
1012:Wang, Brian (June 22, 2019).
782:
716:Plasma science and technology
687:Oak Ridge National Laboratory
3607:Princeton Symphony Orchestra
3393:Institute for Advanced Study
2440:Rutgers–Princeton Cannon War
1785:Princeton Branch (The Dinky)
1257:Princeton Plasma Physics Lab
1239:Princeton Plasma Physics Lab
1042:Princeton Plasma Physics Lab
880:, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
610:2008–2016: Stewart C. Prager
567:
369:
87:Quantum Information Sciences
7:
3773:Educational Testing Service
3679:Donald Grant Herring Estate
3449:Princeton University Chapel
3200:Princeton Historic District
2565:James V. Forrestal Building
1562:Bendheim Center for Finance
1153:Bromberg, Joan Lisa (1982)
1055:Paul, Andrew (2024-04-05).
873:Bromberg, Joan Lisa (1982)
764:
498:Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor
144:, New Jersey, United States
50:; 63 years ago
10:
3917:
3719:Princeton Railroad Station
3485:Herrontown Woods Arboretum
3480:Delaware and Raritan Canal
3444:Princeton United Methodist
3231:
3137:Related Independent Agency
2754:National Laboratory System
2595:Deputy Secretary of Energy
2585:Deputy Secretary of Energy
2240:Two Dickinson Street Co-op
2174:Princeton University Press
1955:Princeton Club of New York
1123:10.1038/s41586-024-07024-9
947:10.1088/0029-5515/25/9/047
729:Theoretical plasma physics
456:
364:
289:fusion as an energy source
3842:
3829:Washington Road Elm Allée
3752:
3709:Princeton Battle Monument
3656:
3620:
3584:
3571:Princeton Shopping Center
3561:Princeton Record Exchange
3518:
3472:
3459:Stony Brook Meeting House
3421:
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3371:Westminster Choir College
3349:Colleges and universities
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2470:Princeton University Band
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2154:The Princeton Progressive
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1968:
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1878:Washington Road Elm Allée
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208:U.S. Department of Energy
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126:
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100:
72:
62:
44:
35:
3815:(in Plainsboro; defunct)
3762:American Boychoir School
3755:outside the municipality
3403:Princeton Public Library
3376:Evelyn College for Women
3289:Princeton Charter School
3271:Princeton Public Schools
2713:Office of Nuclear Energy
2697:Office of Nuclear Energy
2168:Princeton Tiger Magazine
1920:Evelyn College for Women
1867:The Hedgehog and the Fox
1329:innovation.princeton.edu
432:Atomic Energy Commission
378:was setting up a secret
320:Atomic Energy Commission
3505:Mountain Lakes Preserve
3434:Nassau Christian Center
2161:Princeton Alumni Weekly
813:Tanner, Earl C. (1977)
666:in the United Kingdom,
353:'s Forrestal Campus in
164:40.348825°N 74.602183°W
95:Sustainability Sciences
3628:I Grew Up in Princeton
2475:Winged football helmet
2133:The Daily Princetonian
1534:School of Architecture
737:U.S. MHD Working Group
558:reinforcement learning
483:neutral beam injection
255:Location in New Jersey
130:100 Stellarator Road,
74:Field of research
3813:St. Joseph's Seminary
3664:Albert Einstein House
3510:Princeton Battlefield
3413:Witherspoon Institute
3276:Princeton High School
3243:Former municipalities
3186:Princeton, New Jersey
2682:Office of Electricity
2464:Princeton Cannon Song
2376:Class of 1952 Stadium
1804:Residential Colleges
1577:James Madison Program
506:fusion triple product
479:Princeton Large Torus
332:Princeton Large Torus
169:40.348825; -74.602183
132:Princeton, New Jersey
3876:Princeton University
3848:Princeton University
3473:Parks and recreation
3356:Princeton University
3250:Borough of Princeton
1960:Princeton Law School
1458:Princeton University
1402:at Wikimedia Commons
852:Burke, James (1999)
670:in South Korea, the
384:Princeton University
351:Princeton University
68:$ 116 million (2021)
3819:Sarnoff Corporation
3439:Nassau Presbyterian
3298:Independent schools
3205:Stony Brook Village
2576:Secretary of Energy
1873:Walter Lowrie House
1750:Frist Campus Center
1311:www.iterresearch.us
682:(ITER) in France.
355:Plainsboro Township
349:PPPL is located on
327:Model C stellarator
277:national laboratory
160: /
142:Plainsboro Township
32:
3834:Wilberforce School
3714:Princeton Cemetery
3674:Joseph Henry House
3340:Stuart Country Day
3255:Princeton Township
3193:Historic districts
2401:Shea Rowing Center
2140:The Princeton Tory
1755:Joseph Henry House
1365:www.miragenews.com
606:Robert J. Goldston
597:Ronald C. Davidson
585:Melvin B. Gottlieb
388:Lyman Spitzer, Jr.
308:Project Matterhorn
30:
18:Project Matterhorn
3858:
3857:
3788:Princeton Airport
3778:Forrestal Village
3612:Williamson Voices
3464:Trinity Episcopal
3454:Stone Hill Church
3422:Places of worship
3325:Princeton Friends
3152:
3151:
3054:Kansas City Plant
2970:Pacific Northwest
2670:Office of Science
2572:Jennifer Granholm
2519:
2518:
2483:
2482:
2371:Bill Clarke Field
2147:The Nassau Weekly
2120:
2119:
2080:Acting presidents
1925:FitzRandolph Gate
1661:Cap and Gown Club
1626:
1625:
1398:Media related to
1117:(8000): 746–751.
698:materials science
621:Sir Steven Cowley
263:
262:
16:(Redirected from
3908:
3824:Terhune Orchards
3744:Westland Mansion
3643:Princeton Packet
3633:Comedy Minus One
3602:McCarter Theatre
3237:
3179:
3172:
3165:
3156:
3155:
3059:Nevada Test Site
2625:
2624:
2546:
2539:
2532:
2523:
2522:
2511:
2507:
2506:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2409:University Field
2386:Jadwin Gymnasium
2381:Dillon Gymnasium
2366:Hobey Baker Rink
2280:Princeton Tigers
2260:
2259:
1891:
1890:
1833:New College West
1775:McCarter Theatre
1643:
1634:
1492:
1491:
1479:
1472:
1459:
1450:
1443:
1436:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1416:
1397:
1381:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1357:
1351:
1350:
1347:www.newswise.com
1339:
1333:
1332:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1221:
1211:
1205:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1186:. Archived from
1176:
1170:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1024:
1009:
1000:
991:
978:
977:
965:
959:
958:
941:(9): 1275–1279.
926:
920:
919:
917:
910:
902:
893:
871:
865:
850:
844:
843:
832:
826:
811:
805:
804:
793:
771:Project Sherwood
382:research lab at
250:
249:
243:
225:
222:
220:
203:Operating agency
197:Forrestal Campus
175:
174:
172:
171:
170:
165:
161:
158:
157:
156:
153:
109:David J. McComas
105:
91:Microelectronics
58:
56:
51:
40:
33:
29:
21:
3916:
3915:
3911:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3861:
3860:
3859:
3854:
3838:
3783:MarketFair Mall
3754:
3748:
3657:Other landmarks
3652:
3616:
3585:Performing arts
3580:
3566:Triumph Brewing
3514:
3468:
3417:
3386:Other education
3381:
3344:
3293:
3259:
3238:
3229:
3225:Mountain Avenue
3188:
3183:
3153:
3148:
3132:
3027:
2748:
2715:
2701:
2656:
2638:
2626:
2622:
2617:
2589:
2555:
2550:
2520:
2515:
2509:
2497:
2479:
2444:
2418:
2396:Roberts Stadium
2354:
2251:
2178:
2116:
2075:
1964:
1908:Nobel laureates
1898:Lists of people
1882:
1745:Cleveland Tower
1718:
1691:Quadrangle Club
1641:
1635:
1622:
1601:
1554:
1548:
1529:Graduate School
1496:
1483:
1477:
1470:
1461:
1457:
1454:
1412:
1411:
1390:
1385:
1384:
1376:
1372:
1359:
1358:
1354:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1202:The Star-Ledger
1199:
1195:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1152:
1148:
1103:
1099:
1090:
1088:
1087:. March 4, 2024
1079:
1078:
1074:
1065:
1063:
1061:Popular Science
1053:
1049:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1022:
1020:
1010:
1003:
992:
981:
971:
966:
962:
927:
923:
915:
908:
904:
903:
896:
872:
868:
851:
847:
833:
829:
812:
808:
795:
794:
790:
785:
767:
759:Tiger Transit's
756:
731:
718:
676:Wendelstein 7-X
652:
647:
645:
630:
570:
522:
459:
372:
367:
259:
258:
257:
256:
253:
252:
251:
217:
204:
184:
168:
166:
162:
159:
154:
151:
149:
147:
146:
145:
101:
75:
54:
52:
49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3914:
3904:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3856:
3855:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3758:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3739:Washington Oak
3736:
3731:
3726:
3724:Prospect House
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3660:
3658:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3624:
3622:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3597:Garden Theatre
3594:
3592:Alexander Hall
3588:
3586:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
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3533:
3528:
3522:
3520:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
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3461:
3456:
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3431:
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3423:
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3418:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3352:
3350:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3301:
3299:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3291:
3286:
3285:
3284:
3278:
3267:
3265:
3264:Public schools
3261:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3252:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3215:King's Highway
3212:
3207:
3202:
3196:
3194:
3190:
3189:
3182:
3181:
3174:
3167:
3159:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3128:Yucca Mountain
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3072:
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3066:
3056:
3051:
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3041:
3035:
3033:
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3028:
3026:
3025:
3024:
3023:
3013:
3012:
3011:
3001:
2996:
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2989:
2979:
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2806:
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2779:
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2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2666:
2664:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2648:
2646:
2640:
2639:
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2634:
2628:
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2620:
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2615:
2610:
2605:
2599:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2578:
2568:
2567:
2563:Headquarters:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2549:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2526:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2501:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2460:
2457:The First Game
2452:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2426:
2424:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2416:
2414:Palmer Stadium
2411:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2355:
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2295:
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2277:
2272:
2266:
2264:
2257:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2249:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2225:Theatre Intime
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2128:
2126:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1894:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1853:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1802:
1797:
1795:Prospect House
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1730:Alexander Hall
1726:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
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1647:
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1637:
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1629:
1627:
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1549:
1547:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1503:Department of
1500:
1498:
1489:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1474:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1453:
1452:
1445:
1438:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1409:
1403:
1389:
1388:External links
1386:
1383:
1382:
1370:
1352:
1334:
1316:
1298:
1280:
1273:. 2018-05-16.
1262:
1244:
1226:
1206:
1193:
1190:on 2009-05-12.
1171:
1146:
1097:
1072:
1047:
1029:
1001:
979:
970:, p. 107.
960:
935:Nuclear Fusion
921:
894:
866:
845:
827:
806:
787:
786:
784:
781:
780:
779:
773:
766:
763:
755:
754:Transportation
752:
751:
750:
747:
744:
741:
738:
735:
730:
727:
726:
725:
722:
717:
714:
674:in Japan, the
658:in San Diego,
651:
648:
631:
629:
626:
625:
624:
619:2018–present:
617:
614:
611:
608:
602:
599:
593:
587:
581:
569:
566:
521:
518:
467:Bohm diffusion
458:
455:
413:Huemul Project
409:Ronald Richter
400:New York Times
371:
368:
366:
363:
285:nuclear fusion
281:plasma physics
261:
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103:Vice president
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83:Plasma Physics
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59:
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26:
9:
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3768:Chapin School
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3684:Maclean House
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3576:Tiger Transit
3574:
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3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
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3537:
3534:
3532:
3531:Palmer Square
3529:
3527:
3526:Nassau Street
3524:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3500:Marquand Park
3498:
3496:
3495:Lake Carnegie
3493:
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3483:
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3477:
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3429:Miller Chapel
3427:
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3320:Princeton Day
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3220:Kingston Mill
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575:
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564:performance.
563:
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555:
554:quasisymmetry
551:
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524:In 1999, the
520:Later designs
517:
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71:
67:
65:
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47:
43:
39:
34:
19:
3844:
3802:
3734:Cottage Club
3689:Maybury Hill
3669:Drumthwacket
3541:Hoagie Haven
3490:Jasna Polana
3310:Lewis School
2981:
2455:
2405:
2350:Men's squash
2345:Men's soccer
2244:
2166:
2159:
2152:
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2138:
2131:
2125:Publications
1951:
1866:
1855:
1847:
1710:
1696:Terrace Club
1681:Cottage Club
1671:Cloister Inn
1666:Charter Club
1651:Eating clubs
1642:Eating clubs
1612:
1606:Laboratories
1373:
1364:
1355:
1346:
1337:
1328:
1319:
1310:
1301:
1293:www.pppl.gov
1292:
1283:
1265:
1256:
1247:
1238:
1229:
1218:. Retrieved
1209:
1201:
1196:
1188:the original
1183:
1174:
1154:
1149:
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1110:
1100:
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1084:
1075:
1064:. Retrieved
1060:
1050:
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1032:
1021:. Retrieved
1017:
994:
963:
938:
934:
924:
874:
869:
853:
848:
839:
830:
814:
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801:www.pppl.gov
800:
791:
757:
695:
684:
653:
591:Harold Fürth
571:
543:
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537:
530:
523:
491:
476:
464:
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451:Model C
447:
440:
429:
398:
392:
376:John Wheeler
373:
348:
324:
307:
301:
269:
265:
264:
3704:Nassau Hall
3648:Town Topics
3556:Peacock Inn
3546:Nassau Club
3086:Rocky Flats
3039:Fernald NLO
2309:Ice Hockey
2289:Basketball
2190:AlumniCorps
2001:Witherspoon
1823:Rockefeller
1780:Nassau Hall
1714:Campus Club
1656:Cannon Club
1553:Centers and
1512:Mathematics
1497:departments
1495:Schools and
1159:p. 130
1085:www.ans.org
746:TRANSP Code
604:1997–2008:
595:1991–1996:
589:1981–1990:
583:1961–1980:
576:1951–1961:
546:stellarator
494:"breakeven"
425:stellarator
293:stellarator
167: /
45:Established
3865:Categories
3797:Plainsboro
3694:Mercer Oak
3551:Nassau Inn
3335:St. Paul's
3305:Hun School
2914:Los Alamos
2836:Brookhaven
2581:David Turk
2359:Facilities
2270:Ivy League
2230:Tigertones
1969:Presidents
1936:Old Nassau
1930:Newman Day
1913:Presidents
1735:Art Museum
1706:Tower Club
1555:institutes
1522:Psychology
1220:2008-08-09
1091:2024-05-20
1066:2024-04-11
1023:2019-06-22
996:The Record
968:Meade 1988
836:"Timeline"
783:References
662:in China,
359:New Jersey
155:74°36′08″W
152:40°20′56″N
3845:See also:
3764:(defunct)
3378:(defunct)
3283:(defunct)
2943:Oak Ridge
2897:Livermore
2423:Rivalries
2324:Lacrosse
2275:Big Three
2256:Athletics
2210:Glee Club
2205:Orchestra
2200:Footnotes
2071:Eisgruber
1976:Dickinson
1701:Tiger Inn
1507:Economics
1488:Academics
1180:"History"
1131:1476-4687
955:0029-5515
878:MIT Press
706:chemistry
568:Directors
510:deuterium
502:deuterium
472:Oak Ridge
417:chairlift
405:Argentina
374:In 1950,
370:Formation
3729:Tusculum
3536:Elements
2868:Fermilab
2799:Berkeley
2498:Category
2305:Football
2285:Baseball
2220:Nassoons
2112:Duffield
2102:Lindsley
2066:Tilghman
2016:Carnahan
1942:Reunions
1843:Graduate
1686:Ivy Club
1478:Trustees
1275:Archived
1140:10881383
913:Archived
823:80717532
765:See also
436:neutrons
304:Cold War
182:ZIP code
138:Location
116:Director
3519:Economy
3210:Jugtown
3069:Area 20
3064:Area 19
3044:Hanford
2856:NSLS II
2767:Argonne
2510:Commons
2406:former:
2333:Women's
2318:Women's
2298:Women's
2107:Stewart
2061:Shapiro
2021:Maclean
1986:Edwards
1952:former:
1856:former:
1848:future:
1828:Whitman
1770:Library
1711:former:
1517:Physics
1471:History
514:tritium
487:kelvins
457:Tokamak
365:History
312:H-bombs
297:tokamak
272:) is a
214:Website
127:Address
53: (
3699:Morven
3360:people
3081:Pantex
3004:Sandia
2931:Albany
2919:DARHTF
2819:NERSCC
2449:Spirit
2263:Sports
2087:Cowell
2051:Goheen
2041:Hibben
2036:Wilson
2031:Patton
2026:McCosh
1996:Finley
1991:Davies
1851:Hobson
1818:Mathey
1813:Forbes
1808:Butler
1740:Chapel
1723:Campus
1165:
1137:
1129:
1111:Nature
953:
888:
860:
821:
778:(NCSX)
708:, and
656:DIII-D
562:H-mode
550:teslas
421:plasma
380:H-bomb
342:, and
193:Campus
79:Fusion
64:Budget
3621:Media
3076:NHHOR
2902:NARAC
2880:Idaho
2787:ATLAS
2340:Rugby
2328:Men's
2313:Men's
2293:Men's
2097:Blair
2092:Green
2056:Bowen
2046:Dodds
2011:Green
2006:Smith
1859:First
916:(PDF)
909:(PDF)
882:p. 97
668:KSTAR
395:Aspen
221:.pppl
187:08536
3850:and
3123:Y-12
3118:WIPP
3096:ETEC
3091:SSFL
3049:K-25
3021:SSRL
3016:SLAC
2999:SRNL
2992:TFTR
2987:NSTX
2982:PPPL
2975:EMSL
2963:NCCS
2958:HFIR
2953:CNMS
2938:NREL
2926:NETL
2892:JLab
2885:RESL
2861:RHIC
2851:NSLS
2814:NCEM
2762:Ames
2675:OSTI
2246:WPRB
1981:Burr
1163:ISBN
1127:ISSN
974:help
951:ISSN
886:ISBN
858:ISBN
819:OCLC
689:and
660:EAST
340:NSTX
336:TFTR
295:and
283:and
279:for
270:PPPL
223:.gov
55:1961
48:1961
3113:SPR
3108:SRS
3101:SRE
2948:SNS
2907:NIF
2873:TeV
2846:CFN
2841:AGS
2829:JGI
2824:ESN
2804:ALS
2792:EMC
2782:APS
2777:CNM
2772:NBL
1838:Yeh
1135:PMC
1119:doi
1115:626
943:doi
672:LHD
664:JET
344:LTX
230:Map
219:www
3867::
2809:MF
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864:.
842:.
825:.
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512:–
268:(
57:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
