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the Grand Orient in 1976 had only suspended the lodge, and not actually expelled it, on Gelli's request. Gelli was found to be active in the Grand Orient's national affairs two years later, financing the election of a new Grand Master. In 1981 a
Masonic tribunal decided that the 1974 vote did mean the lodge had factually ceased to exist and that Gelli's lodge had therefore been masonically and politically illegal since that time.
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2914:(1980–1981). On the day the list was discovered, Giannini phoned the official in charge of the operation, and told him (according to the official's testimony to the parliamentary commission): "You better know that you've found some lists. I'm in those lists – be careful, because so too are all the highest echelons . ... Watch out, the Force will be overwhelmed by this."
2605:. Many on the list were apparently never asked if they wanted to join P2, and it is not known to what extent the list includes members who were formally initiated into the lodge. Since 1981, some of those on the list have demonstrated their distance from P2 to the satisfaction of the Italian legal system.
2627:, 22 of the army, 4 of the air force and 8 admirals), as well as 44 members of parliament, 3 ministers and a secretary of a political party, leading magistrates, a few prefects and heads of police, bankers and businessmen, civil servants, journalists and broadcasters. Included were a top official of the
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The Grand Orient of Italy officially expelled Gelli and the P2 Lodge in 1976. In 1974 it was proposed that P2 be erased from the list of lodges by the Grand Orient of Italy, and the motion carried overwhelmingly. The following year a warrant was issued by the Grand Master for a new P2 lodge. It seems
2453:
overtook the legal level of the analysis. The majority report said that P2 action resulted in "the pollution of the public life of a nation. It aimed to alter, often in decisive fashion, the correct functioning of the institutions of the country, according to a project which ... intended to undermine
2618:
The list contains 962 names (including Gelli's). It has been claimed that at least 1,000 names may still be secret, as the membership numbers begin with number 1,600, which suggests that the complete list has not yet been found. The list included all of the heads of the secret services, 195 officers
2282:
newspaper, a leading paper in Italy. At the time, the paper had encountered financial trouble and was unable to raise bank loans because its then editor, Piero Ottone, was considered hostile to the ruling
Christian Democrats. Corriere's owners, the publishing house Rizzoli, struck a deal with Gelli.
2247:
form of democracy. P2 advocated a programme of extensive political corruption: "political parties, newspapers and trade unions can be the objects of possible solicitations which could take the form of economic-financial manoeuvres. The availability of sums not exceeding 30 to 40 billion lire would
3421:, "until its dissolution in 1982 due to the Anselmi-Spadolini law, was a regular lodge of the Grand Orient of Italy, as attested by extensive documentation that passed between the grand masters Gamberini, Salvini and Battelli on the one hand and Licio Gelli on the other."
2207:
In
January 1982, the P2 lodge was definitively disbanded by the Law 25 January 1982, no. 17. In July 1982, new documents were found hidden in the false bottom of a suitcase belonging to Gelli's daughter at Fiumicino airport in Rome. The documents were entitled
2256:
The P2 was implicated in numerous
Italian scandals and mysteries. Opinions about the importance and reach of the P2 differ. Some see the P2 as a reactionary, shadow government ready to preempt a takeover of power in case of an electoral victory of the
2420:. Rumours that the Minister of Justice, Martelli, was connected with the account had been circulating since investigations began into the P2 plot. He always flatly denied them. Learning that formal investigations were opened, he resigned as minister.
2103:, was initiated into the lodge, who gave Gelli the photocopies of 157,000 secret files, containing telephone and environmental interceptions, photographs, correspondence and private information, including on the sex life, of as many personalities.
2592:. Following an action brought by a serving British naval officer, the European Court has established as precedent the illegality of any member nation attempting to ban Masonic membership for military officers, as a breach of their human rights.
2584:, after taking disciplinary action against members with P2 connections, distanced itself from Gelli's lodge. Other laws introduced a prohibition on membership in allegedly secret organizations for some categories of state officials (especially
2600:
On 17 March 1981, a list composed by Licio Gelli was found in his country house (Villa Wanda). The list should be contemplated with some caution, as it is considered to be a combination of P2 members and the contents of Gelli's
2867:. Di Bella had commissioned a long interview with Gelli, who openly talked of his plans for a "democratic renaissance" in Italy—including control over the media. The interview was carried out by the television talk show host
76:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
2608:
On 21 May 1981, the
Italian government released the list. The Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry headed by Tina Anselmi considered the list reliable and genuine. It decided to publish the list in its concluding report,
2175:. It contained 962 names, among which were important state officials, important politicians and a number of military officers, including the heads of the three Italian secret services. Future Italian prime minister
4927:
3669:
In 1976 the Grand Orient of Italy formally seized the charter of P2 and expelled its
Worshipful Master, Licio Gelli (a Fascist), who continued to operate P2 as an unaffiliated lodge in Italy until 1984.
859:
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in 1925, Masonic institutions have been tolerated in Italy since the end of World War II and have been quite open about their activities and membership. A special law was issued that prohibited
2412:(Italian for "clean hands") investigations into political corruption. The money was allegedly a kickback on a loan which the Socialist leaders had organised to help bail out the ailing
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5010:. This is a novel about an American man whose daughter is killed in the 1980 Bologna train station bombing and his attendance at the trial in Italy of one of the bombing suspects.
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in London, initially ruled a suicide but later prosecuted as a murder. It was suspected by investigative journalists that some of the plundered funds went to P2 or to its members.
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Gelli's goal was to form a new political and economic elite to lead Italy away from the danger of
Communist rule. More controversially, it sought to do this by means of an
86:
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when the Grand Orient of Italy numbered its lodges. By the 1960s, the lodge was all but inactive, holding few meetings. This original lodge had little to do with the one
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Italian law (Law 22 April 1941 n. 633 and further modifications, art. 5) does not consider "official state and public administration documents" as affected by copyright
2000:. This lodge was frequented by politicians and government officials from across Italy who were unable to attend their own lodges and included prominent members of the
3647:
The
Catholic Catechism on Freemasonry: A Theological and Historical Treatment on the Catholic Church's Prohibition AgainstFreemasonry and its Appendant Masonic Bodies
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concluded that P2 was not just an abnormal outgrowth from an essentially healthy system, as upheld by the majority report, but an inherent part of the system itself.
4653:"So che hai trovato gli elenchi e so che ci sono anch'io. Personalmente non me ne frega niente, ma fai attenzione perché lì dentro ci sono tutti i massimi vertici"
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3603:... a similar strategy of infiltration within the military milieu by Italian radical right-wing terrorist groups and clandestine elite pressure groups such as
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2232:(CGIL). These had to be isolated and cooperation with the PCI, the second biggest party in Italy and one of the largest in Europe, which was proposed in the
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continued to operate the unaffiliated lodge from 1976 to 1984. P2 was implicated in numerous
Italian crimes and mysteries, including the collapse of the
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4841:"La Cuestión Malvinas: de la negociación al conflicto. Una aproximación al vínculo entre la política exterior y la política de defensa de Argentina"
2261:. Others think it was nothing more than a sordid association of people eager to improve their careers by making powerful and important connections.
96:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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2220:("Plan of Democratic Rebirth"), and are seen as the political programme of P2. According to these documents, the main enemies of Italy were the
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Philip Willan, personal website of journalist and author with information on
Roberto Calvi, Banco Ambrosiano, Licio Gelli, Propaganda Due.
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1875:). When searching Gelli's villa in 1982, police found a document which he had entitled "Plan for Democratic Rebirth", which called for a
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seem sufficient to allow carefully chosen men, acting in good faith, to conquer key positions necessary for overall control."
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2092:. From these initial connections, Gelli was able to extend his network throughout the echelons of the Italian establishment.
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from 18 October 1970 to 1974. Arrested in 1975 on charges of "conspiracy against the state" concerning investigations about
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2298:, who would also be exposed as a member of P2. Gelli said he was in favour of rewriting the Italian constitution towards a
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4680:"«Aggiungeva di fare attenzione dato che il Corpo rischiava di inabissarsi.» anche se lui «personalmente se ne fregava»"
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3124:, a controversial journalist assassinated on 20 March 1979. In a May 1978 article, he had drawn connections between the
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The paper published a long interview with Gelli in 1980. The interview was carried out by the television talk show host
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Following the end of World War II, Freemasonry became legal again and the lodge was reformed. The name was changed to
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
2936:, Giudice conspired with oil magnate Bruno Musselli and others in a lucrative tax fraud of as much as $ 2.2 billion.
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2204:. In May 1981, Forlani was forced to resign due to the P2 scandal, causing the fall of the Italian government.
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Consumer price indices, nominal / real wages and welfare ratios of building craftsmen and labourers, 1260-1913
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at the end of the 1960s had the Masons of Italy deeply worried. In 1971, Grand Master Lino Salvini of the
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was a P2 member as well) appointed a Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry, headed by the independent DC
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Sesto potere: chi governa la società nell'era della tecnologia di massa e dell'innovazione permanente
4308:. The list is in book 1, volume 1, pp. 803–874 and 885–942, and in book 1, volume 2, p. 213 and 1126.
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The Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry, headed by Anselmi, concluded that the P2 lodge was a secret
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4033:. The list of P2 members is in the final report of the Italian Parliamentary commission of inquiry:
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Associazione tra i familiari delle vittime della strage alla stazione di Bologna del 2 agosto 1980
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was on the list, although he had not yet entered politics at the time. Another famous member was
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2674:'s government, relieved of his functions in 2003 following allegations of involvement in the
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2073:—one of Italy's largest Masonic lodges—assigned to Gelli the task of reorganizing the lodge.
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5058:, Vol. 3, No. 2. Publ. by St. Alban's Research Society, College Station, Texas; Spring 1994.
4069:, Prices and Wages in Naples, 1474-1806, and Prices and Wages in Northern Italy, 1286-1914,
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presidential system. When asked what he always wanted to be, he replied: "A puppet master".
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4454:"P2, da Silvio Berlusconi a Maurizio Costanzo, alcuni dei nomi più noti della lista Gelli"
3281:'s government, Minister of Treasury (1976–1978), Minister of Public Works (1978–1979) and
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The full extent of the payment became clear only twelve years later, in 1993, during the
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The activities of the P2 lodge were discovered by prosecutors while investigating banker
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who chose Gelli to form a parallel anti-communist government, in collaboration with the
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Commissione Parlamentare D'Inchiesta Sulla Loggia Massonica P2, Allegati Alla Relazione
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presidency, authorized Gelli to recruit 400 Italian and NATO officers within the Lodge
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Coefficienti per tradurre valori monetari dei periodi sottoindicati in valori del 2019
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5073:. Dissensi (n. 124) (in Italian and German). Bari, Reinheim: De Donato, X.I. (1984).
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General Giovambattista Palumbo, commander of the 1st Carabinieri Division "Pastrengo"
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One of the documents found in 1981 was about a numbered bank account, the so-called "
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2007:. During its history, the lodge included important Italian figures, such as the poet
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3854:, Anti-masonry Frequently Asked Questions, Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon
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was banned in 1925, alongside all other Masonic lodges and secret societies, by the
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4521:"La Loggia la P.A. e la magistratura – I rapporti con la Pubblica Amministrazione"
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4304:, Commissione parlamentare d’inchiesta sulla Loggia massonica P2, 12 July 1984
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The Wannabe Fascists: A Guide to Understanding the Greatest Threat to Democracy
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Networks di potere e mercati illeciti : il caso della loggia massonica P2
3108:, banker and businessman, closely involved with Gelli's business interests in
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Relazione della Commissione parlamentare d’inchiesta sulla Loggia massonica P2
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P2 became the target of considerable attention in the wake of the collapse of
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Gelli took a list of "sleeping members"—members not invited to participate in
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Official transcription, made by Italian parliamentary inquiry commission, of
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2385:(Switzerland). It detailed the payment of US$ 7 million by the president of
2171:. In March 1981, police found a list of alleged members in Gelli's house in
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Assalto alla stampa: controllare i media per governare l'opinione pubblica
5032:. Problemi aperti (n. 26) (in Italian). Messina: Rubbettino. p. 184.
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3575:... organized a special, ultrasecret, ultrarightist lodge, Propaganda-Due
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scandal. P2 came to light through the investigations into the collapse of
5159:
Excellent Cadavers. The Mafia and the Death of the First Italian Republic
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were condemned for attempting to mislead the police investigation of the
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La resistibile ascesa della P2 : poteri occulti e Stato democratico
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2437:. Allegations of surreptitious international relationships, mainly with
2291:. Ottone was fired and the paper's editorial line shifted to the right.
5182:
The Last Supper: the Mafia, the Masons and the Killing of Roberto Calvi
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2496: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
4283:[List of members of the P2 Lodge] (in Italian). Archived from
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40 billion lire in 1982 was equivalent to €74.2 million in 2020.
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on 2 August 1980, which killed 85 people and wounded more than 200.
1937:, who was Minister of Social Welfare (1973–1975) and founder of the
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La massoneria italiana nell'esilio e nella clandestinità: 1927–1939
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was withdrawn in 1976, and it was transformed by Worshipful Master
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Federico Carlos Barttfeld (Argentina), ambassador of Argentina to
5289:. Strumenti, scenari (n. 43). Bari: Edizioni Dedalo. p. 76.
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3650:. Belleville, Illinois: Saint Dominic's Media. Inc. p. 122.
3547:... the extreme right-wing organization Propaganda Due (P-2), ...
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2809:(Argentina), Secretary of State for Minors and the Family in the
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3591:. Aldershot, England; Burlington, Vermont: Ashgate. p. 39.
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news programs, at the time of the publication of Gelli's list a
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3947:"Misinformation about "Gladio/Stay Behind" Networks Resurfaces"
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L'Italia dei liberi muratori: brevi biografie di massoni famosi
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Commissione parlamentare d’inchiesta sulla Loggia massonica P2
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Commissione parlamentare d'inchiesta sulla Loggia massonica P2
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Commissione parlamentare d'inchiesta sulla Loggia massonica P2
5143:
The Mafia: The Long Reach of the International Sicilian Mafia
4073:
3563:. Montreal Que: McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 84.
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Manufacturing consent the political economy of the mass media
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2147:. These claims have been shown to have been based in part on
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4320:"Un marino con muy buenos contactos políticos y comerciales"
4249:"Italian Parliament. Licio Gelli's List of P2 Members. 1981"
2445:) and with some people suspected of affiliation with the US
2053:, Italian Freemasonry traditions of free-thinking under the
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4722:"1. Elenco degli iscritti alla Loggia P2 − archivio900.it"
3925:. Le Terre (in Italian). Fazio editore. pp. 122–123.
2871:, who would also be exposed as a member of P2 (see above).
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from 1975, allegedly killed by the Mafia in London in 1982
2441:(Gelli repeatedly suggested that he was a close friend of
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1976 (officially by Grand Orient of Italy) 25 January 1982
3898:"How Licio Gelli took over Italy's secret power centre".
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Propaganda: L'origine della più potente loggia massonica
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So che esiste un elenco completo di nomi della loggia P2
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to this template: there are already 668 articles in the
3374:, famous singer and actor who represented Italy in the
179:
1877 (as Propaganda Massonica) 1966 (as Propaganda Due)
5282:
5197:
Puppetmasters: The Political Use of Terrorism in Italy
4085:
Indice dei prezzi al consumo per l'intera collettività
2428:
3056:, the military junta ruling Argentina led by General
2899:(1973-1983) and member of the executive committee of
2316:
P2 members Gelli and the head of the secret service
69:
4640:"«La P2? Presto P3 e P4» La profezia della Anselmi"
3142:(DC), Minister of Scientific Research (1975–1978),
2835:, Italian neo-fascist terrorist who had ties with
2762:, who later joined Berlusconi's centre-right party
2670:(1998–2001), and later under-secretary of state in
2595:
2588:). These laws have recently been questioned by the
4993:Silvio Berlusconi: television, power and patrimony
3801:(in Italian). Mimesis. pp. 59, 88, 135, 160.
2619:of the different armed forces (12 generals of the
2401:, the socialist Prime Minister from 1983 to 1987.
2354:), and the suspicious 1982 death of its president
4559:
2638:
1887:, and the rewriting of the Italian constitution.
5366:
5329:
5027:
4838:
4742:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
4020:"La loggia massonica P2 (Loggia Propaganda Due)"
3210:, head of Italy's military intelligence service
3144:Minister of Culture and Environmental Heritage
2042:established in 1966, two years after becoming a
1774:operating in contravention of Article 18 of the
4448:
4446:
4444:
4442:
4440:
4438:
4436:
4434:
4432:
4430:
3880:
2813:(1973–1974), while it was headed by his friend
2389:, Florio Fiorini, through Roberto Calvi to the
2264:
2167:, the collapse of his bank and his ties to the
2125:in Rome, and that in the fall of 1969, General
1890:Outside of Italy, P2 had many active lodges in
5107:(in Italian). Vol. III. Foggia: Bastogi.
3915:
3878:
3876:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3868:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3296:, Argentine military officer in charge of the
111:accompanying your translation by providing an
60:Click for important translation instructions.
47:expand this article with text translated from
5015:The Rise and Fall of the Bulgarian Connection
4749:
4712:
4678:
4672:
4664:
4651:
4645:
4637:
4618:
4612:
4604:
4532:
4526:
4518:
4417:
4409:
4387:
4385:
4383:
4381:
4350:
4342:
4325:
4317:
4297:
4185:"Italian minister falls victim to corruption"
4042:
4034:
4025:
4017:
3776:
3768:
3681:"Masonic lodge affair leaves Italy shocked".
3325:
3297:
3170:
3148:Minister of Public Education and Universities
3082:
3072:
3019:
2907:
2860:
2788:
2787:, leader of the Office for Reserved Affairs (
2763:
2684:
2610:
2579:
2413:
2405:
2372:
2362:
2339:
2275:
2265:
2215:
2209:
2142:
2054:
2033:
2020:
1995:
1985:
1828:". The lodge had among its members prominent
1751:into an international, illegal, clandestine,
1711:
1692:
1090:
4955:Cosa Nostra: A History of the Sicilian Mafia
4895:Decree No. 444 L.S. of June, 1976 quoted by
4793:"Mason indicted over murder of 'God's banker
4724:. Archived from the original on May 16, 2013
4600:
4598:
4596:
4594:
4592:
4590:
4588:
4586:
4584:
4427:
4138:
4136:
4134:
4117:
4115:
4050:
3997:
3995:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3987:
3985:
3503:
3153:General Franco Picchiotti, commander of the
3087:, a state-infiltrated group involved in the
3074:Servizio Informazioni Operative e Situazione
3069:Operative Informations and Situation Service
2895:(FIGC) (1967–1976, 1978–1980), president of
2214:("Memorandum on the Italian Situation") and
2195:
1928:Argentina's last civil-military dictatorship
1922:, who was part of the military junta led by
636:International Order of the Rainbow for Girls
5440:Secret societies related to organized crime
5235:
5100:
4944:DeHoyos, Art & S. Brent Morris (1997).
4914:
4495:"Calvi murder: The mystery of God's banker"
4477:
4475:
3857:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3716:
3694:
3692:
3004:(1973–1975) and ambassador of Argentina to
2462:New Italian law prohibiting "secret lodges"
2327:
1976:
1970:
1735:, founded in 1877, within the tradition of
4760:
4378:
3405:Relationships with the regular Freemasonry
2950:, head of Italy's civilian secret service
2906:General Orazio Giannini, commander of the
2283:He provided the money with funds from the
2113:claimed convicted Pennsylvania politician
1778:that banned all such secret associations.
1699:
1685:
1097:
1083:
5174:The war they wanted, the lies they needed
5013:Herman, Edward and Frank Brodhead (1986)
4786:
4581:
4512:
4488:
4362:
4225:. Grand Lodge of Scotland. Archived from
4178:
4165:
4152:
4131:
4112:
3982:
3911:
3909:
3794:
3535:. New York: Pantheon Books. p. 152.
3024:and Minister of Foreign Trade (1980–1981)
2568:Even though outlawed by Fascist dictator
2556:Learn how and when to remove this message
2350:'s principal banks, owned in part by the
4773:
4540:
4472:
4202:
4099:
3969:
3922:La storia come mai vi è stata raccontata
3847:
3845:
3828:(in Italian). FrancoAngeli. p. 11.
3755:
3689:
3048:, admiral and Commander-in-Chief of the
3040:Minister of Transport and Civil Aviation
2817:(see below); ambassador of Argentina to
2642:
2423:
1964:
5104:Bibliografia della massoneria in Italia
5101:Simoni, Enrico; Raffi, Gustavo (2006).
4981:Review Institute of Historical Research
4708:
4706:
4704:
3504:Finchelstein, Federico (May 14, 2024).
3366:Minister of Foreign Affairs and Worship
2964:from 13 July 1973 until 12 October 1973
2793:), an intelligence cell in the Italian
2773:, popular television talk show host of
2730:, known as "God's banker", chairman of
2230:Italian General Confederation of Labour
674:Christian attitudes towards Freemasonry
14:
5367:
4930:from the original on December 3, 2023.
4869:
4715:"Elenco degli iscritti alla Loggia P2"
4405:
4403:
4401:
4291:
4281:"Elenco degli iscritti alla Loggia P2"
3906:
3821:
3722:
3586:
3558:
3530:
3289:'s third, fourth and fifth governments
2883:Minister of Labour and Social Security
5054:Normand, P.G. "The Italian Dilemma".
4528:in Relazione di Maggioranza (Anselmi)
4011:
3842:
2683:, businessman, future founder of the
2454:our democracy." A minority report by
2449:, were also partly confirmed. Soon a
2361:
1859:; and the heads of all three Italian
1832:, members of the Italian parliament,
1722:
602:Prince Hall Order of the Eastern Star
5095:Der aufhaltsame Aufstieg der Loge P2
4821:"Moro's ghost haunts political life"
4701:
4671:(1984), series II, vol. I, tomo IV,
4607:"Gli apparati militari. Conclusioni"
4300:"Relazione di Maggioranza (Anselmi)"
3640:
2494:adding citations to reliable sources
2465:
2274:In 1977, the P2 took control of the
2211:Memorandum sulla situazione italiana
1975:, authored by Italian Masonic lodge
1953:perpetrator, and convicted murderer
29:
27:Italian masonic lodge banned in 1982
4674:Esame testimoniale Bianchi Vincenzo
4565:Mis almuerzos con gente inquietante
4398:
3382:Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples
3155:11th Carabinieri Mechanized Brigade
2635:(BNL), the country's largest bank.
2429:Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry
2305:
2019:and journalist Gabriele Galantara.
1910:. Among its Argentine members were
1820:P2 was sometimes referred to as a "
24:
4938:
4614:Relazione di Maggioranza (Anselmi)
4241:
4037:Relazione di Maggioranza (Anselmi)
3561:Hot money and the politics of debt
3345:Chief of Staff of the Italian Navy
3091:, he later became a member of the
2972:Italian Democratic Socialist Party
2699:Chief of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
2655:Some notable individuals include:
2065:. The increasing influence of the
25:
5471:
5420:Freemasonry-related controversies
5380:Organizations established in 1877
5211:
5184:, Constable & Robinson, 2007
4839:Agustín Lucietto, Franco (2022).
3620:"Constitution of Italy (English)"
3226:Member of the European Parliament
2781:'s commercial television network)
2251:
509:Order of Royal and Select Masters
4872:"The fall of the house of Savoy"
3725:"The fall of the house of Savoy"
3589:Where have all the fascists gone
3010:Argentine Anticommunist Alliance
2697:General Luis Betti (Argentina),
2596:Licio Gelli's list found in 1981
2470:
1972:"Piano di rinascita democratica"
1943:Argentine Anticommunist Alliance
1668:
1133:
349:
289:
276:
34:
5323:
5283:Gabriella Mastellarini (2004).
5276:
5229:
4908:
4889:
4863:
4832:
4814:
4685:
4658:
4630:
4553:
4460:(in Italian). December 16, 2015
4336:
4311:
4273:
4215:
4090:
3939:
3891:
3815:
3788:
3742:
3477:
3283:Minister of International Trade
3054:National Reorganization Process
2716:from 1969, and a member of the
2659:General Aldo Alasia (Argentina)
2481:needs additional citations for
815:Great Architect of the Universe
4870:Hooper, John (June 23, 2006).
3723:Hooper, John (June 23, 2006).
3703:
3674:
3634:
3612:
3580:
3552:
3524:
3497:
2710:Commander in Chief Naval Fleet
2639:Notable people on Gelli's list
2590:European Court of Human Rights
2217:Piano di rinascita democratica
1237:Praetorian prefecture of Italy
121:You may also add the template
13:
1:
5242:. Lit Edizioni. p. 235.
5097:, in the 1984 German edition)
4971:, London: Palgrave Macmillan
4950:, Masonic Information Center.
4345:"Un dinosaurio camino a casa"
4223:"Human Rights Court Judgment"
4143:"Obituary: Alberto Cavallari"
4002:"A Grand Master's Conspiracy"
3490:
2228:, particularly the Communist
1960:
1883:, the suppression of Italian
1798:and mobbed-up bank president
1347:Byzantine reconquest of Italy
845:List of Masonic Abbreviations
664:Grand Anti-Masonic Exhibition
524:Order of Saint Thomas of Acon
5460:Anti-communist organizations
5385:1877 establishments in Italy
5218:Article by Gianni Barbacetto
5024:New York: North Point Press.
4696:The New York Review of Books
4692:"Italy: Terror on the Right"
3795:Gnocchini, Vittorio (2005).
3699:BBC On This Day: 26 May 1981
3510:. Univ of California Press.
3470:
3446:Anti-communist mass killings
3395:
3300:Batallón de Inteligencia 601
3232:(DC), later a member of the
3008:(1975–1976), founder of the
2748:1967–1969 and member of the
2623:, 5 of the financial police
2158:
2084:was under close scrutiny by
1918:" dictatorship (1966–1973);
1806:cases within the nationwide
1408:Mid-16th c. to early 19th c.
810:Masonic ritual and symbolism
391:Regular Masonic jurisdiction
7:
5410:Far-right politics in Italy
5017:, New York: Sheridan Square
4957:, Palgrave Macmillan, 2004
4803:September 25, 2011, at the
4501:September 10, 2011, at the
4122:"Obituary: Franco Di Bella"
3424:
3038:(1964–1968, 1970–1972) and
2893:Italian Football Federation
2447:Central Intelligence Agency
2312:August 1980 Bologna bombing
1739:and under the authority of
669:Masonic conspiracy theories
613:Masonic youth organizations
464:Order of Mark Master Masons
93:will aid in categorization.
10:
5476:
5425:Political history of Italy
4947:The methods of anti-Masons
3451:Alliance for Shared Values
3349:Chief of the Defence Staff
3230:Christian Democratic Party
3140:Christian Democratic Party
3102:, deputy director of SISMI
3032:Christian Democratic Party
2994:Minister of Social Welfare
2932:(1974–1978). Appointed by
2879:Christian Democratic Party
2811:Ministry of Social Welfare
2742:Christian Democratic Party
2647:Receipt for membership of
2633:Banca Nazionale del Lavoro
2331:
2309:
2240:, needed to be disrupted.
2137:, security adviser to the
2088:(DC) in power through the
1881:consolidation of the media
1724:[propaˈɡandaˈduːe]
396:Anglo-American Freemasonry
68:Machine translation, like
5430:Argentina–Italy relations
5330:Edoardo Narduzzi (2004).
5194:Willan Philip P. (2002).
5177:, Vanity Fair, July 2006.
5028:Lorenzo Magnolfi (1996).
4969:Italy and Its Discontents
4902:February 3, 2021, at the
4750:
4713:
4673:
4638:
4619:
4605:
4561:Vázquez Montalbán, Manuel
4533:
4519:
4410:
4343:
4318:
4298:
4043:
4035:
4018:
3886:Italy and Its Discontents
3769:
3388:and disputed head of the
3298:
3255:Banca Privata Finanziaria
3175:, later a cinema producer
2908:
2764:
2685:
2414:
2379:Union Bank of Switzerland
2373:
2363:
2340:
2061:transformed into fervent
1712:
1251:Romano-Barbarian Kingdoms
792:List of Masonic buildings
772:Mark Masons' Hall, London
597:Order of the Eastern Star
305:
269:International affiliation
268:
246:
236:
224:
207:
199:
191:
183:
175:
163:
151:
49:the corresponding article
5022:The Dark Heart of Italy.
4751:Presidenza del Consiglio
3852:"What was the P2 Lodge?"
2800:César Augusto de la Vega
2795:Ministry of the Interior
2790:Ufficio affari riservati
2785:Federico Umberto D'Amato
2777:programmes (Mediaset is
2328:Banco Ambrosiano scandal
1990:was founded in 1877, in
1342:Italy in the Middle Ages
1200:Roman expansion in Italy
767:Freemasons' Hall, London
679:Papal ban of Freemasonry
579:Masonic groups for women
489:Red Cross of Constantine
5405:Modern history of Italy
5056:American Masonic Review
4990:Ginsborg, Paul (2005).
4967:Ginsborg, Paul (2003).
4920:"Giuliano Di Bernardo:
4191:April 19, 2018, at the
4082:, 1995 to 2020: Istat,
3750:The Dark Heart of Italy
3711:The Dark Heart of Italy
3531:Herman, Edward (2002).
3376:Eurovision Song Contest
3271:Italian Commercial Bank
3249:, banker linked to the
3126:kidnapping of Aldo Moro
3093:Italian Social Movement
2974:(PSDI) (1978–1985) and
2841:Luis García Meza Tejada
2760:Italian Socialist Party
2722:Italian Social Movement
2693:Prime Minister of Italy
2651:in the P2 masonic lodge
2581:Grande Oriente d'Italia
2391:Italian Socialist Party
2287:directed by archbishop
2259:Italian Communist Party
2222:Italian Communist Party
2129:, supreme commander of
2099:, former number one of
1846:Prime Minister of Italy
1737:Continental Freemasonry
1550:European migrant crisis
1500:Italian Social Republic
1415:Italy (1801–1814)
1372:Guelphs and Ghibellines
762:Lodge Mother Kilwinning
529:Royal Order of Scotland
401:Continental Freemasonry
386:Prince Hall Freemasonry
226:Political position
132:For more guidance, see
5435:Brazil–Italy relations
5020:Jones, Tobias (2003).
4996:, London: Verso, 2005
4679:
4665:
4652:
4646:
4613:
4527:
4418:
4351:
4326:
4026:
3822:Fedele, Santi (2005).
3777:
3587:Bar-On, Tamir (2007).
3559:Naylor, R. T. (2004).
3326:
3324:, general director of
3294:Guillermo Suárez Mason
3238:Senate of the Republic
3171:
3083:
3073:
3052:, and a member of the
3020:
2962:president of Argentina
2861:
2789:
2750:Senate of the Republic
2652:
2611:
2580:
2406:
2276:
2266:
2216:
2210:
2196:
2183:, the son of the last
2143:
2055:
2034:
2021:
1996:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1971:
1955:Guillermo Suárez Mason
1863:services (at the time
1857:Prince Victor Emmanuel
1855:to the Italian throne
1720:Italian pronunciation:
1233:(286 AD–476 AD)
1163:(12th–6th c. BC)
1157:(18th–3rd c. BC)
787:Detroit Masonic Temple
568:Tall Cedars of Lebanon
563:Royal Order of Jesters
534:Order of Knight Masons
514:Grand College of Rites
419:History of Freemasonry
376:Masonic lodge officers
5450:Years of Lead (Italy)
5395:20th century in Italy
5390:19th century in Italy
5008:The Fall of a Sparrow
4985:Review New York Times
4636:Marzio Breda (2011).
4261:on September 10, 2012
3919:(February 22, 2018).
3419:Grand Orient of Italy
3192:(1975) and friend of
2960:(Argentina), interim
2646:
2435:criminal organization
2424:Criminal organization
2071:Grand Orient of Italy
1968:
1817:'s financial empire.
1776:Constitution of Italy
1768:criminal organization
1741:Grand Orient of Italy
1493:Italy in World War II
1196:(509 BC–27 BC)
1190:(753 BC–509 BC)
1169:(8th–3rd c. BC)
1161:Etruscan civilization
840:Chamber of Reflection
592:Order of the Amaranth
587:Women and Freemasonry
504:Societas Rosicruciana
134:Knowledge:Translation
105:copyright attribution
5415:Freemasonry in Italy
5236:Lucia Vosca (2011).
5161:, New York: Vintage
3644:(February 4, 2020).
3455:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
3411:Giuliano Di Bernardo
3138:, politician of the
3030:, politician of the
2958:Raúl Alberto Lastiri
2877:, politician of the
2833:Stefano Delle Chiaie
2740:, politician of the
2720:for the neo-fascist
2691:political party and
2490:improve this article
2022:Propaganda Massonica
1997:Propaganda Massonica
1916:Argentine Revolution
1912:Raúl Alberto Lastiri
1861:foreign intelligence
1840:officers —including
1822:state within a state
1804:political corruption
1587:Currency and coinage
1526:(1970s–1980s)
1481:Italy in World War I
1392:(14th–16th c.)
1227:(27 BC–286 AD)
1155:Nuragic civilization
881:Volume of Sacred Law
820:Square and Compasses
254:Banda della Magliana
247:National affiliation
195:Propaganda Massonica
123:{{Translated|it|P2}}
4647:Corriere della Sera
4412:"En el mismo barco"
4199:. 11 February 1993.
4128:, 23 December 1997.
3781:, 15 December 1998
3771:"En el mismo barco"
3622:. December 22, 1947
3465:Strategy of tension
3327:Corriere della Sera
3275:Minister of Finance
3269:, President of the
3234:Chamber of Deputies
3190:Minister of Economy
3172:Corriere della Sera
3089:strategy of tension
3058:Jorge Rafael Videla
2970:, secretary of the
2928:, commander of the
2891:, president of the
2863:Corriere della Sera
2746:President of Sicily
2718:Chamber of Deputies
2278:Corriere della Sera
2267:Corriere della Sera
2234:Historic Compromise
2108:conspiracy theorist
2086:Christian Democracy
2082:Italian Freemasonry
1924:Jorge Rafael Videla
1844:, who later became
1390:Italian Renaissance
1367:Italian city-states
777:House of the Temple
737:John the Evangelist
429:Masonic manuscripts
5445:Terrorism in Italy
5350:on August 23, 2019
5311:on August 22, 2019
5264:on August 22, 2019
5141:Sterling, Claire,
5006:Hellenga, Robert,
4918:(April 17, 2023).
4698:, 22 January 1981.
4483:Excellent Cadavers
4424:, 14 December 1998
4369:"An Italian story"
4330:, 7 November 2000
4107:Excellent Cadavers
3977:Excellent Cadavers
3253:, ex-president of
3220:, director of the
3201:Giuseppe Santovito
3160:Angelo Rizzoli Jr.
3036:Minister of Health
3021:Giornale Radio Rai
2976:Minister of Budget
2930:Guardia di Finanza
2910:Guardia di Finanza
2839:and the regime of
2756:Fabrizio Cicchitto
2724:(MSI) in 1972–1976
2653:
2625:Guardia di Finanza
1983:
1945:(AAA); and former
1363:Maritime republics
1349:(6th–8th c.)
1303:Carolingian Empire
757:List of Freemasons
752:Elizabeth Aldworth
659:Anti-Masonic Party
474:Royal Arch Masonry
113:interlanguage link
5190:978-1-84529-296-6
5180:Willan, Philip.
5155:Stille, Alexander
4768:Silvio Berlusconi
4650:, 25 March 2011.
4574:978-84-9793-459-6
4393:Silvio Berlusconi
3957:on March 28, 2008
3835:978-88-464-6526-9
3808:978-88-8483-362-4
3517:978-0-520-39250-2
3242:National Alliance
3179:Celestino Rodrigo
3122:Carmine Pecorelli
2869:Maurizio Costanzo
2779:Silvio Berlusconi
2771:Maurizio Costanzo
2681:Silvio Berlusconi
2649:Silvio Berlusconi
2586:military officers
2566:
2565:
2558:
2540:
2377:account", at the
2296:Maurizio Costanzo
2177:Silvio Berlusconi
2097:Giovanni Allavena
1932:Peronist orthodox
1930:(1976–1983); the
1842:Silvio Berlusconi
1826:shadow government
1796:Carmine Pecorelli
1792:contract killings
1709:
1708:
1556:COVID-19 pandemic
1552:(2014–2016)
1546:(2007–2009)
1540:(1992–2001)
1532:(1986–1992)
1510:(1943–1945)
1508:Italian Civil War
1495:(1940–1945)
1489:(1922–1943)
1483:(1914–1918)
1477:(1882–1960)
1471:(1861–1946)
1443:(1815–1871)
1404:(1545–1648)
1398:(1494–1559)
1359:in southern Italy
1327:
1326:
1318:Holy Roman Empire
1150:Prehistoric Italy
1107:
1106:
855:Masonic Landmarks
830:Eye of Providence
722:Thomas Smith Webb
696:People and places
328:
327:
315:Political parties
310:Politics of Italy
154:Propaganda 2 (P2)
145:
144:
61:
57:
16:(Redirected from
5467:
5360:
5359:
5357:
5355:
5346:. Archived from
5327:
5321:
5320:
5318:
5316:
5307:. Archived from
5280:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5269:
5260:. Archived from
5233:
5138:
5136:
5134:
5129:on June 27, 2019
5125:. Archived from
5092:
5067:Giuseppe D'Alema
5051:
4932:
4931:
4912:
4906:
4893:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4882:
4867:
4861:
4860:
4858:
4856:
4836:
4830:
4818:
4812:
4796:
4790:
4784:
4777:
4771:
4764:
4758:
4757:
4753:
4752:
4747:
4741:
4733:
4731:
4729:
4718:
4717:
4710:
4699:
4689:
4683:
4682:
4676:
4675:
4670:
4662:
4656:
4655:
4649:
4643:
4642:
4634:
4628:
4626:
4622:
4621:
4616:
4610:
4609:
4602:
4579:
4578:
4557:
4551:
4544:
4538:
4536:
4535:
4530:
4524:
4523:
4516:
4510:
4492:
4486:
4479:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4450:
4425:
4423:
4415:
4414:
4407:
4396:
4389:
4376:
4375:, 26 April 2001.
4366:
4360:
4358:
4354:
4348:
4347:
4340:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4323:
4322:
4315:
4309:
4307:
4303:
4302:
4295:
4289:
4288:
4287:on May 16, 2013.
4277:
4271:
4270:
4268:
4266:
4257:. Archived from
4245:
4239:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4229:on April 6, 2013
4219:
4213:
4206:
4200:
4182:
4176:
4169:
4163:
4156:
4150:
4140:
4129:
4119:
4110:
4103:
4097:
4094:
4088:
4054:
4048:
4047:, July 12, 1984.
4046:
4045:
4040:
4039:
4032:
4029:
4023:
4022:
4015:
4009:
3999:
3980:
3973:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3953:. Archived from
3951:usinfo.state.gov
3943:
3937:
3936:
3913:
3904:
3903:
3895:
3889:
3882:
3855:
3849:
3840:
3839:
3819:
3813:
3812:
3792:
3786:
3784:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3766:
3753:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3735:
3720:
3714:
3707:
3701:
3696:
3687:
3686:
3678:
3672:
3671:
3666:
3664:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3627:
3616:
3610:
3609:
3584:
3578:
3577:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3528:
3522:
3521:
3501:
3484:
3481:
3441:Operation Gladio
3415:Venerable Master
3378:in 1962 and 1967
3363:
3347:(1977–1980) and
3342:
3334:Giovanni Torrisi
3329:
3323:
3315:Bruno Tassan Din
3310:Operation Condor
3303:
3302:
3287:Giulio Andreotti
3267:Gaetano Stammati
3263:
3209:
3187:
3174:
3168:
3146:(1976–1978) and
3130:Operation Gladio
3106:Umberto Ortolani
3086:
3076:
3023:
2949:
2934:Giulio Andreotti
2927:
2919:Raffaele Giudice
2913:
2912:
2866:
2858:
2837:Operation Condor
2825:(1974–1975) and
2808:
2792:
2767:
2766:
2758:, member of the
2738:Vincenzo Carollo
2732:Banco Ambrosiano
2690:
2689:
2666:(1991–1995) and
2614:
2583:
2570:Benito Mussolini
2561:
2554:
2550:
2547:
2541:
2539:
2505:"Propaganda Due"
2498:
2474:
2466:
2451:political debate
2419:
2418:
2416:Banco Ambrosiano
2411:
2395:Claudio Martelli
2376:
2375:
2366:
2365:
2345:
2344:
2342:Banco Ambrosiano
2334:Banco Ambrosiano
2322:Bologna massacre
2306:Bologna massacre
2281:
2269:
2219:
2213:
2199:
2151:promoted by the
2146:
2106:In a 2018 book,
2060:
2037:
2024:
2013:Francesco Crispi
1999:
1989:
1980:
1978:"Propaganda Due"
1974:
1838:Italian military
1788:Banco Ambrosiano
1726:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1701:
1694:
1687:
1675:Italy portal
1673:
1672:
1671:
1402:Catholic revival
1255:
1254:
1137:
1127:
1109:
1108:
1099:
1092:
1085:
862:Morals and Dogma
782:Solomon's Temple
742:John the Baptist
648:Views on Masonry
353:
330:
329:
296:Operation Gladio
294:
293:
292:
281:
280:
279:
192:Preceded by
149:
148:
124:
118:
92:
91:|topic=
89:, and specifying
74:Google Translate
59:
55:
38:
37:
30:
21:
5475:
5474:
5470:
5469:
5468:
5466:
5465:
5464:
5365:
5364:
5363:
5353:
5351:
5344:
5328:
5324:
5314:
5312:
5297:
5281:
5277:
5267:
5265:
5250:
5234:
5230:
5214:
5132:
5130:
5115:
5081:
5040:
4941:
4939:Further reading
4936:
4935:
4913:
4909:
4904:Wayback Machine
4897:masonicinfo.com
4894:
4890:
4880:
4878:
4868:
4864:
4854:
4852:
4837:
4833:
4819:
4815:
4811:. 20 July 2005.
4809:The Independent
4805:Wayback Machine
4794:
4791:
4787:
4778:
4774:
4765:
4761:
4755:
4735:
4734:
4727:
4725:
4720:
4711:
4702:
4690:
4686:
4663:
4659:
4635:
4631:
4624:
4623:, 13 July 1984
4603:
4582:
4575:
4558:
4554:
4545:
4541:
4537:, 12 July 1984.
4517:
4513:
4507:The Independent
4503:Wayback Machine
4493:
4489:
4480:
4473:
4463:
4461:
4452:
4451:
4428:
4408:
4399:
4390:
4379:
4367:
4363:
4356:
4341:
4337:
4331:
4316:
4312:
4305:
4296:
4292:
4279:
4278:
4274:
4264:
4262:
4247:
4246:
4242:
4232:
4230:
4221:
4220:
4216:
4207:
4203:
4197:The Independent
4193:Wayback Machine
4183:
4179:
4170:
4166:
4157:
4153:
4149:. 23 July 1998.
4147:The Independent
4141:
4132:
4126:The Independent
4120:
4113:
4104:
4100:
4095:
4091:
4055:
4051:
4030:
4016:
4012:
4000:
3983:
3974:
3970:
3960:
3958:
3945:
3944:
3940:
3933:
3914:
3907:
3902:. May 30, 1981.
3897:
3896:
3892:
3883:
3858:
3850:
3843:
3836:
3820:
3816:
3809:
3793:
3789:
3782:
3767:
3756:
3747:
3743:
3733:
3731:
3721:
3717:
3708:
3704:
3697:
3690:
3685:. May 23, 1981.
3680:
3679:
3675:
3662:
3660:
3658:
3639:
3635:
3625:
3623:
3618:
3617:
3613:
3599:
3585:
3581:
3571:
3557:
3553:
3543:
3529:
3525:
3518:
3502:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3478:
3473:
3436:Organized crime
3427:
3407:
3398:
3357:
3336:
3317:
3257:
3247:Michele Sindona
3203:
3194:José López Rega
3181:
3162:
3100:Pietro Musumeci
3067:, chief of the
2990:José López Rega
2943:
2941:Giulio Grassini
2921:
2889:Artemio Franchi
2852:
2850:Franco Di Bella
2815:José López Rega
2802:
2706:Gino Birindelli
2672:Néstor Kirchner
2641:
2598:
2562:
2551:
2545:
2542:
2499:
2497:
2487:
2475:
2464:
2456:Massimo Teodori
2431:
2426:
2369:
2336:
2330:
2318:Pietro Musumeci
2314:
2308:
2272:
2254:
2197:chef de cabinet
2192:Arnaldo Forlani
2190:Prime Minister
2181:Victor Emmanuel
2165:Michele Sindona
2161:
2135:Henry Kissinger
2133:in Europe, and
2115:Frank Gigliotti
2078:Masonic rituals
2017:Arturo Labriola
2009:Giosuè Carducci
1963:
1935:José López Rega
1815:Michele Sindona
1719:
1705:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1612:Historic states
1576:
1568:
1567:
1544:Great Recession
1475:Colonial Empire
1464:
1456:
1455:
1454:
1435:
1385:
1377:
1376:
1337:
1329:
1328:
1252:
1244:
1243:
1183:
1173:
1172:
1145:
1125:
1118:
1103:
1074:
1073:
999:North Macedonia
894:
886:
885:
850:Sprig of Acacia
805:
797:
796:
717:William Preston
697:
689:
688:
649:
641:
640:
631:Job's Daughters
484:Knights Templar
479:Cryptic Masonry
469:Holy Royal Arch
442:
434:
433:
414:
406:
405:
361:
324:
301:
290:
288:
277:
275:
264:
220:
216:
159:
158:
155:
141:
140:
139:
122:
116:
90:
62:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5473:
5463:
5462:
5457:
5455:Masonic Lodges
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5375:Propaganda Due
5362:
5361:
5343:978-8849809244
5342:
5322:
5296:978-8822053435
5295:
5275:
5249:978-8868266387
5248:
5227:
5226:
5225:
5220:
5213:
5212:External links
5210:
5209:
5208:
5192:
5178:
5171:Unger, Craig.
5169:
5152:
5139:
5114:978-8881858439
5113:
5098:
5080:978-8832601244
5079:
5059:
5052:
5039:978-8872844175
5038:
5025:
5018:
5011:
5004:
4988:
4965:
4953:Dickie, John.
4951:
4940:
4937:
4934:
4933:
4907:
4888:
4862:
4847:(in Spanish).
4831:
4813:
4785:
4772:
4759:
4754:. 21 May 1981
4700:
4684:
4677:, pp.148–150.
4657:
4629:
4580:
4573:
4552:
4539:
4511:
4509:. 7 June 2007.
4487:
4471:
4426:
4397:
4377:
4361:
4335:
4310:
4290:
4272:
4240:
4214:
4201:
4177:
4164:
4151:
4130:
4111:
4098:
4089:
4049:
4010:
3981:
3968:
3938:
3931:
3917:Daniele Ganser
3905:
3890:
3856:
3841:
3834:
3814:
3807:
3787:
3754:
3741:
3715:
3702:
3688:
3673:
3656:
3642:Gray, David L.
3633:
3611:
3605:Propaganda-Due
3598:978-0754671541
3597:
3579:
3569:
3551:
3541:
3523:
3516:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3485:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3462:
3460:Secret society
3457:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3426:
3423:
3406:
3403:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3390:House of Savoy
3379:
3369:
3355:Alberto Vignes
3352:
3330:
3312:
3290:
3264:
3251:Sicilian Mafia
3244:
3215:
3197:
3176:
3157:
3151:
3133:
3119:
3116:
3103:
3096:
3084:Rosa dei venti
3061:
3060:, in 1976–1978
3050:Argentine Navy
3046:Emilio Massera
3043:
3028:Luigi Mariotti
3025:
3013:
2987:
2965:
2955:
2937:
2915:
2904:
2886:
2872:
2859:, director of
2847:
2830:
2797:
2782:
2768:
2753:
2735:
2725:
2702:
2695:
2678:
2660:
2640:
2637:
2597:
2594:
2564:
2563:
2478:
2476:
2469:
2463:
2460:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2368:
2360:
2332:Main article:
2329:
2326:
2310:Main article:
2307:
2304:
2289:Paul Marcinkus
2271:
2263:
2253:
2252:P2's influence
2250:
2224:(PCI) and the
2169:Sicilian Mafia
2160:
2157:
2155:in the 1970s.
2149:disinformation
2127:Alexander Haig
2111:Daniele Ganser
2067:political left
2063:anti-communism
2035:Propaganda Due
2027:Fascist regime
2011:, politicians
1962:
1959:
1947:Argentine Army
1920:Emilio Massera
1850:House of Savoy
1834:industrialists
1794:of journalist
1772:secret society
1753:anti-communist
1743:. Its Masonic
1714:Propaganda Due
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1696:
1689:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1658:
1657:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1553:
1547:
1541:
1533:
1521:
1511:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1478:
1472:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1446:
1445:
1444:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1410:
1405:
1399:
1393:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1360:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1324:
1323:962–1801
1321:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1231:Western Empire
1228:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1207:
1202:
1191:
1184:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1164:
1158:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1130:
1129:
1120:
1119:
1112:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1101:
1094:
1087:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
895:
892:
891:
888:
887:
884:
883:
878:
870:
868:Propaganda Due
865:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
806:
803:
802:
799:
798:
795:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
707:James Anderson
704:
702:Masonic Temple
698:
695:
694:
691:
690:
687:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
650:
647:
646:
643:
642:
639:
638:
633:
628:
623:
617:
616:
614:
610:
609:
607:Co-Freemasonry
604:
599:
594:
589:
583:
582:
580:
576:
575:
570:
565:
560:
554:
553:
551:
547:
546:
541:
539:Research Lodge
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
454:Masonic bodies
450:
449:
447:
443:
441:Masonic bodies
440:
439:
436:
435:
432:
431:
426:
424:Liberté chérie
421:
415:
412:
411:
408:
407:
404:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
362:
359:
358:
355:
354:
346:
345:
339:
338:
326:
325:
323:
322:
317:
312:
306:
303:
302:
300:
299:
286:
272:
270:
266:
265:
263:
262:
256:
250:
248:
244:
243:
238:
234:
233:
228:
222:
221:
218:Anti-communism
211:
205:
204:
201:
197:
196:
193:
189:
188:
185:
181:
180:
177:
173:
172:
167:
161:
160:
157:Propaganda Due
156:
153:
152:
143:
142:
138:
137:
130:
119:
97:
94:
82:adding a topic
77:
66:
63:
44:
43:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5472:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5372:
5370:
5349:
5345:
5339:
5336:. Rubettino.
5335:
5334:
5326:
5310:
5306:
5302:
5298:
5292:
5288:
5287:
5279:
5263:
5259:
5255:
5251:
5245:
5241:
5240:
5232:
5228:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5215:
5207:
5206:0-595-24697-4
5203:
5200:, iUniverse,
5199:
5198:
5193:
5191:
5187:
5183:
5179:
5176:
5175:
5170:
5168:
5167:0-09-959491-9
5164:
5160:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5147:
5144:
5140:
5128:
5124:
5120:
5116:
5110:
5106:
5105:
5099:
5096:
5090:
5086:
5082:
5076:
5072:
5068:
5064:
5063:Pietro Ingrao
5060:
5057:
5053:
5049:
5045:
5041:
5035:
5031:
5026:
5023:
5019:
5016:
5012:
5009:
5005:
5003:
5002:1-84467-541-6
4999:
4995:
4994:
4989:
4986:
4982:
4978:
4977:1-4039-6152-2
4974:
4970:
4966:
4964:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4949:
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4829:, 9 May 2003.
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4781:Puppetmasters
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4458:La Repubblica
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4373:The Economist
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4355:, 9 May 2004
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4210:Puppetmasters
4205:
4198:
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4190:
4186:
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4174:
4173:Puppetmasters
4168:
4162:, pp. 229–230
4161:
4160:Puppetmasters
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4014:
4008:, 8 June 1981
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3932:9788893253543
3928:
3924:
3923:
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3912:
3910:
3901:
3894:
3888:, pp. 144–148
3887:
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3657:9781732178496
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3420:
3416:
3412:
3409:According to
3402:
3391:
3387:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3373:
3372:Claudio Villa
3370:
3367:
3361:
3356:
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3328:
3321:
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3256:
3252:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3218:Gustavo Selva
3216:
3213:
3207:
3202:
3198:
3195:
3191:
3185:
3180:
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3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:and with the
3111:
3110:South America
3107:
3104:
3101:
3097:
3094:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3066:
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3026:
3022:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2984:first cabinet
2981:
2980:Bettino Craxi
2977:
2973:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2947:
2942:
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2905:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2875:Franco Foschi
2873:
2870:
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2842:
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2757:
2754:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2729:
2728:Roberto Calvi
2726:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2694:
2688:
2682:
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2669:
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2661:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2650:
2645:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2629:Banco di Roma
2626:
2622:
2616:
2613:
2606:
2604:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2576:
2575:secret lodges
2571:
2560:
2557:
2549:
2546:February 2020
2538:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2507: –
2506:
2502:
2501:Find sources:
2495:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2479:This section
2477:
2473:
2468:
2467:
2459:
2457:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2421:
2417:
2410:
2409:
2402:
2400:
2399:Bettino Craxi
2397:on behalf of
2396:
2393:(PSI) leader
2392:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2359:
2357:
2356:Roberto Calvi
2353:
2349:
2343:
2335:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2313:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2268:
2262:
2260:
2249:
2246:
2245:authoritarian
2241:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2218:
2212:
2205:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
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2150:
2145:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2109:
2104:
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2083:
2079:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2059:
2058:
2052:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1979:
1973:
1967:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1941:organisation
1940:
1936:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1888:
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1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1836:, and senior
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1800:Roberto Calvi
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1765:radical right
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1733:Masonic lodge
1730:
1725:
1715:
1702:
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1688:
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1534:
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1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:Years of Lead
1522:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
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1345:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1308:774–962
1307:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1293:568–774
1292:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1283:435–534
1282:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1273:493–553
1272:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1263:476–493
1262:
1260:
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1248:
1247:
1238:
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1234:
1232:
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1201:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1189:
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1185:
1182:
1177:
1176:
1168:
1167:Magna Graecia
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1132:
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1128:
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1116:
1111:
1110:
1100:
1095:
1093:
1088:
1086:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1070:
1069:United States
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
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1052:
1050:
1047:
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1037:
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1015:
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1007:
1005:
1002:
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997:
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917:
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905:
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882:
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871:
869:
866:
864:
863:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
825:Pigpen cipher
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
807:
801:
800:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
747:William Schaw
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
727:Albert Mackey
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
699:
693:
692:
685:
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537:
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532:
530:
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522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
499:Knight Kadosh
497:
495:
494:Scottish Rite
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
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451:
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445:
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410:
409:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
371:Masonic lodge
369:
367:
364:
363:
357:
356:
352:
348:
347:
344:
341:
340:
336:
332:
331:
321:
318:
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260:
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229:
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182:
178:
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171:
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166:
162:
150:
147:
135:
131:
128:
120:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
95:
88:
87:main category
84:
83:
78:
75:
71:
67:
65:
64:
58:
52:
50:
45:You can help
41:
32:
31:
19:
5352:. Retrieved
5348:the original
5332:
5325:
5313:. Retrieved
5309:the original
5285:
5278:
5266:. Retrieved
5262:the original
5238:
5231:
5195:
5181:
5172:
5158:
5142:
5131:. Retrieved
5127:the original
5103:
5094:
5070:
5055:
5029:
5021:
5014:
5007:
4991:
4968:
4954:
4945:
4921:
4910:
4891:
4879:. Retrieved
4876:The Guardian
4875:
4865:
4853:. Retrieved
4848:
4844:
4834:
4826:The Guardian
4824:
4816:
4808:
4788:
4780:
4775:
4767:
4762:
4756:(in Italian)
4726:. Retrieved
4695:
4687:
4660:
4632:
4625:(in Italian)
4564:
4555:
4547:
4542:
4514:
4506:
4490:
4482:
4462:. Retrieved
4457:
4392:
4372:
4364:
4357:(in Spanish)
4338:
4332:(in Spanish)
4313:
4306:(in Italian)
4293:
4285:the original
4275:
4263:. Retrieved
4259:the original
4252:
4243:
4231:. Retrieved
4227:the original
4217:
4209:
4204:
4196:
4180:
4172:
4167:
4159:
4154:
4146:
4125:
4106:
4101:
4092:
4083:
4077:
4071:1861 to 1995
4070:
4064:
4061:Robert Allen
4056:
4052:
4031:(in Italian)
4013:
4005:
3976:
3971:
3959:. Retrieved
3955:the original
3950:
3941:
3921:
3899:
3893:
3885:
3824:
3817:
3797:
3790:
3783:(in Spanish)
3749:
3744:
3732:. Retrieved
3729:The Guardian
3728:
3718:
3710:
3705:
3682:
3676:
3668:
3661:. Retrieved
3646:
3636:
3624:. Retrieved
3614:
3604:
3602:
3588:
3582:
3574:
3560:
3554:
3546:
3532:
3526:
3506:
3499:
3479:
3408:
3399:
3364:, Argentine
3188:, Argentine
3136:Mario Pedini
3114:Vatican Bank
3018:, editor of
3016:Enrico Manca
3012:("Triple A")
3002:Isabel Perón
2992:, Argentine
2968:Pietro Longo
2765:Forza Italia
2714:Italian Navy
2687:Forza Italia
2654:
2617:
2607:
2599:
2573:
2567:
2552:
2543:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2500:
2488:Please help
2483:verification
2480:
2432:
2403:
2370:
2352:Vatican Bank
2337:
2315:
2293:
2285:Vatican Bank
2273:
2255:
2242:
2226:trade unions
2206:
2202:Tina Anselmi
2189:
2185:Italian king
2162:
2153:Soviet Union
2144:Propaganda 2
2105:
2094:
2090:Pentapartito
2080:anymore, as
2075:
2057:Risorgimento
2048:
2031:
1984:
1939:paramilitary
1889:
1885:labor unions
1819:
1808:Tangentopoli
1786:-affiliated
1761:anti-Marxist
1728:
1713:
1710:
1661:
1651:
1559:
1558:(2020–
1535:
1517:
1516:(1946–
1440:Risorgimento
1438:
1396:Italian Wars
1384:Early modern
1215:
1209:
1181:Ancient Rome
1029:South Africa
875:Ahiman Rezon
874:
867:
861:
654:Anti-Masonry
550:Side degrees
519:Swedish Rite
381:Grand Master
146:
109:edit summary
100:
80:
56:(March 2014)
54:
46:
18:Propaganda 2
4916:Peter Gomez
4567:. Planeta.
4265:November 7,
3979:, pp. 39–40
3368:(1973–1975)
3358: [
3351:(1980–1981)
3337: [
3318: [
3304:during the
3258: [
3222:Rai Radio 2
3214:(1978–1981)
3204: [
3196:(see above)
3182: [
3169:, owner of
3163: [
3150:(1978–1979)
3065:Vito Miceli
3042:(1968–1969)
2986:(1983–1984)
2954:(1977–1981)
2944: [
2922: [
2903:(1974–1983)
2853: [
2829:(1975–1976)
2803: [
2701:(1973–1974)
2621:Carabinieri
2408:mani pulite
2049:During the
2040:Licio Gelli
1877:coup d'etat
1830:journalists
1780:Licio Gelli
1757:anti-Soviet
1749:Licio Gelli
1582:Citizenship
1537:Mani pulite
1450:Young Italy
1269:Ostrogothic
1205:Roman Italy
1124:History of
1004:Philippines
835:Hiram Abiff
732:Albert Pike
712:Prince Hall
366:Grand Lodge
343:Freemasonry
259:Cosa Nostra
241:Catholicism
214:Neo-fascism
170:Licio Gelli
5369:Categories
5354:August 23,
5315:August 23,
5268:August 23,
5258:1105713591
5150:0586212345
5123:1091228865
4963:1403966966
4766:Ginsborg,
4391:Ginsborg,
3884:Ginsborg,
3570:0773572074
3542:0307801624
3491:References
3431:Corruption
3386:Umberto II
3285:(1979) in
3277:(1976) in
2998:Juan Perón
2664:Yugoslavia
2516:newspapers
2443:Juan Perón
2374:Protezione
2364:Protezione
1987:Propaganda
1961:Foundation
1530:Maxi Trial
1413:Napoleonic
979:Luxembourg
893:By country
873:Dermott's
684:Taxil hoax
573:The Grotto
558:The Shrine
200:Membership
51:in Italian
5305:237881440
5089:489638013
4881:March 11,
4855:March 11,
4851:(58): 119
4728:August 3,
4464:March 11,
4420:Pagina 12
4352:Pagina 12
4327:La Nación
4057:1399-1859
3900:The Times
3778:Pagina 12
3752:, p. 186
3683:The Times
3663:April 30,
3607:(P-2) ...
3471:Footnotes
3413:, former
3396:Expulsion
3384:, son of
3306:Dirty War
3279:Aldo Moro
3273:(COMIT),
3079:SISMI/SID
2752:1972–1987
2676:Dirty War
2439:Argentina
2238:Aldo Moro
2159:Discovery
2119:Freemason
2044:Freemason
1951:Dirty War
1949:General,
1908:Argentina
1892:Venezuela
1853:pretender
1504:Partisans
1259:Odoacer's
1217:Optimates
1211:Populares
1064:Venezuela
1039:Sri Lanka
954:Indonesia
459:York Rite
320:Elections
298:(alleged)
285:(alleged)
261:(alleged)
231:Far-right
184:Dissolved
127:talk page
79:Consider
5400:Cold War
5157:(1995).
5133:June 27,
5069:(1953).
5048:36047466
4928:Archived
4900:Archived
4801:Archived
4783:, p. 59.
4779:Willan,
4770:, p. 30.
4738:cite web
4563:(1984).
4550:, p. 73.
4546:Willan,
4499:Archived
4485:, p. 41.
4481:Stille,
4395:, p. 31.
4254:NameBase
4233:April 8,
4208:Willan,
4189:Archived
4175:, p. 161
4171:Willan,
4158:Willan,
4105:Stille,
3975:Stille,
3713:, p. 187
3425:See also
3332:Admiral
3292:General
3240:for the
3236:and the
3228:for the
3199:General
3098:General
3063:General
2939:General
2917:General
2821:(1974),
2775:Mediaset
2704:Admiral
2346:(one of
2300:Gaullist
2270:takeover
2095:In 1967
2051:Cold War
2005:nobility
2002:Piedmont
1824:" or a "
1784:Holy See
1731:) was a
1663:Timeline
1627:Military
1575:By topic
1514:Republic
1498:Fascist
1469:Monarchy
1424:Republic
1336:Medieval
1314:Germanic
1299:Frankish
1194:Republic
1115:a series
1113:Part of
1049:Thailand
1024:Scotland
1009:Portugal
984:Malaysia
899:Barbados
626:A.J.E.F.
360:Overview
335:a series
333:Part of
237:Religion
209:Ideology
103:provide
4212:, p. 50
4109:, p. 40
3961:July 8,
3748:Jones,
3734:June 2,
3709:Jones,
3626:July 5,
3417:of the
2845:Bolivia
2827:Denmark
2712:in the
2603:Rolodex
2530:scholar
2367:account
2194:(whose
1926:during
1896:Uruguay
1811:bribery
1745:charter
1647:Railway
1642:Postage
1617:Judaism
1607:Genetic
1597:Fashion
1592:Economy
1560:present
1518:present
1487:Fascism
1429:Kingdom
1357:Normans
1289:Lombard
1188:Kingdom
1059:Ukraine
1014:Romania
974:Lebanon
944:Iceland
939:Germany
934:Finland
924:Denmark
919:Croatia
904:Belgium
860:Pike's
804:Related
621:DeMolay
446:Masonic
413:History
176:Founded
125:to the
107:in the
53:.
5340:
5303:
5293:
5256:
5246:
5204:
5188:
5165:
5148:
5121:
5111:
5087:
5077:
5046:
5036:
5000:
4975:
4961:
4845:Ciclos
4571:
3929:
3832:
3805:
3654:
3595:
3567:
3539:
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3095:(MSI).
3034:(DC),
2996:under
2885:(1980)
2881:(DC),
2823:France
2819:UNESCO
2744:(DC),
2532:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2503:
2383:Lugano
2173:Arezzo
2117:was a
1906:, and
1900:Brazil
1879:, the
1871:, and
1848:; the
1802:, and
1790:, the
1763:, and
1463:Modern
1279:Vandal
1225:Empire
1117:on the
1054:Turkey
1044:Sweden
1019:Russia
994:Mexico
959:Israel
929:France
909:Canada
165:Leader
4611:, in
4074:Istat
3362:]
3341:]
3322:]
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3212:SISMI
3208:]
3186:]
3167:]
3006:Spain
2952:SISDE
2948:]
2926:]
2857:]
2807:]
2668:China
2537:JSTOR
2523:books
2348:Milan
2139:Nixon
2101:SIFAR
1994:, as
1992:Turin
1904:Chile
1873:CESIS
1869:SISMI
1865:SISDE
1632:Music
1602:Flags
1353:Islam
1144:Early
1126:Italy
1034:Spain
989:Malta
969:Japan
964:Italy
949:India
914:China
544:Corks
70:DeepL
5356:2019
5338:ISBN
5317:2019
5301:OCLC
5291:ISBN
5270:2019
5254:OCLC
5244:ISBN
5202:ISBN
5186:ISBN
5163:ISBN
5146:ISBN
5135:2019
5119:OCLC
5109:ISBN
5085:OCLC
5075:ISBN
5044:OCLC
5034:ISBN
4998:ISBN
4973:ISBN
4959:ISBN
4883:2023
4857:2023
4849:XXIX
4744:link
4730:2012
4569:ISBN
4466:2023
4267:2011
4235:2023
4006:Time
3963:2023
3927:ISBN
3830:ISBN
3803:ISBN
3736:2016
3665:2023
3652:ISBN
3628:2022
3593:ISBN
3565:ISBN
3537:ISBN
3512:ISBN
3308:and
3128:and
3000:and
2901:FIFA
2897:UEFA
2509:news
2131:NATO
2015:and
1981:(P2)
1770:and
1637:Name
1622:LGBT
1506:and
1365:and
1355:and
1214:and
203:~962
101:must
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2982:'s
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