1448:, "viewers were thus afforded a panoramic view of the city, which had stood almost completely empty since the Syrian army evacuated it in 1967. It could be seen that many of the buildings were damaged, but most of them were still standing." After it was handed over, "very few buildings were left standing. Most of those destroyed did not present the jagged outline and random heaps of rubble usually produced by artillery or aerial bombardment. The roofs lay flat on the ground, 'pancaked' in a manner which I am told can only be achieved by systematic dynamiting of the support walls inside." Mortimer concluded that the footage "establishes beyond reasonable doubt that much of the destruction took place after 12 May—at a time when there was no fighting anywhere near Kuneitra."
1244:, visited it in July and reported that "nearly every shop and every house seemed to have been broken into and looted" and that some buildings had been set on fire after they had been stripped. Although Israeli spokesmen told Gussing that Quneitra had actually been looted by the withdrawing Syrians, the UN representative viewed this as unlikely given the extremely short space of time between the erroneous radio announcement and the fall of the city a few hours later. He concluded that "responsibility for this extensive looting of the town of Quneitra lay to a great extent with the Israeli forces."
1269:
68:
101:
537:
3365:
1310:
4652:
3268:
4645:
614:
no reliable population estimates available post-2011. The impact of the crisis has led to massive displacements and a gradual deterioration of access to basic services. Quneitra has also been the destination for many internally displaced persons (IDPs) from neighbouring Daraa and Rif
Dimashq governorates. In August 2013, many of the estimated 75,000 IDPs from Nawa and Al-Harra in Daraa Governorate reportedly fled to Quneitra.
1485:
174:
51:
108:
75:
1318:
1088:. Along with Quneitra, they settled or built number of other villages in the vicinity. The Circassians began farming the area and each family was given title to 70 to 130 dunams of land by the government depending on the family's size. The Ottomans encouraged Circassian settlement in the Golan as a means to drive a wedge between the frequently rebellious
1494:
The city remains in a destroyed condition. Syria has left the ruins in place and built a museum to memorialize its destruction. It maintains billboards at the ruins of many buildings and effectively preserves it in the condition that the
Israeli army left it in. The former residents of the town have
1414:
Today the city is unrecognisable. The houses with their roofs lying on the ground look like gravestones. Parts of the rubble are covered with fresh earth furrowed by bulldozer tracks. Everywhere there are fragments of furniture, discarded kitchen utensils, Hebrew newspapers dating from the first week
1377:
So he took a felt pen and marked the hospital and a few other places – he wrote "not for destruction" and on other places he wrote "for destruction" and he signed. He thought he was signing about what not to destroy but he was actually writing to destroy . . . The tractors of the Jewish
National Fund
1372:
Wollner and Harel asked the Jewish
National Fund to carry out the work, ostensibly to prepare an area for agricultural cultivation, but were refused as they did not have permission from the Israeli army. They then approached the Assistant to the Head of Northern Command and asked him to mark on a map
1180:
Quneitra was the Syrian headquarters for the Golan
Heights. The Israeli capture of the city occurred in chaotic circumstances on 10 June 1967, the last day of the Six-Day War. Israeli forces advancing towards Quneitra from the north-west prompted Syrian troops to deploy north of the city, under heavy
1220:
reported: "In an effort to pressure the United
Nations into enforcing a ceasefire, Damascus Radio undercut its own army by broadcasting the fall of the city of El Quneitra three hours before it actually capitulated. That premature report of the surrender of their headquarters destroyed the morale of
1107:
caravanserai, which had been built using the stones of a ruined ancient settlement. By the mid-1880s, Quneitra had become the main city and seat of government of the Golan. Gottlieb
Schumacher wrote in 1888 that it "consists of 260 buildings, which are mostly well and carefully constructed of basalt
613:
in 1946. After its abandonment in 1967 and subsequent destruction, its population was dispersed to other parts of Syria. The city remains abandoned apart from a residual Syrian security presence. Due to frequent and large population movements within Syria and across borders caused by war, there are
576:
trees. Its chief claim to charm or the few moments of a traveller's time beyond passport formalities is the beautiful vista which it offers of Jordan as it flows down from Hermon through banks of tangled bush and flowering pink and white oleanders. Kuneitra is pleasant as a stopping-place for lunch.
1280:
in 1973, Quneitra was briefly recaptured by the Syrian Army before it was repulsed in an
Israeli counter-offensive. In the middle of October 1973 the Israeli counter-offensive started. The Syrians had massed nearly 1,000 tanks along a 100 km (60 mi) front. With a massive concentration of
1192:
We received orders to block the roads leading to
Quneitra. But then the fall of the city was announced and that caused many of my soldiers to leave the front and run back to Syria while the roads were still open. They piled onto vehicles. It further crushed our morale. I retreated before I ever saw
1255:
The deserted city remained in
Israeli hands for the next six years. However, Israel and Syria remained in a state of war throughout this period (and, indeed, to the present day). The town gained a fresh symbolic value; it was seen by the Syrians as "the badge of Syria's defeat, an emblem of hatred
1228:
magazine wrote that: "The city of El Quneitra was a ghost town, its shops shuttered, its deserted streets patrolled by Israelis on house-to-house searches for caches of arms and ammunition. The hills echoed with explosions as Israeli sappers systematically destroyed the miniature Maginot line from
1424:
correspondent saw the city for himself on 6 May, a month before the Israeli withdrawal, and described it as being "in ruins and deserted after seven years of war and dereliction. It looks like a wild west city struck by an earthquake and if the Syrians get it back they will face a major feat of
977:
1463:
to investigate the damage. Gruner and a team of surveyors spent four months in Quneitra, documenting every building and its condition. His report concluded that Israeli forces had deliberately destroyed the city prior to their withdrawal, including almost 4,000 buildings and a large amount of
556:
which rise some 150 to 200 metres (490 to 660 feet) above the surrounding plain. The volcanic hills of the region have played a key role as observation points and natural firing positions in the conflicts over the region, most notably in the Yom Kippur War. In more peaceful times, the fertile
1209:
We arrived almost without hindrance to the gates of Quneitra ... All around us there were huge quantities of booty. Everything was in working order. Tanks with their engines still running, communication equipment still in operation, had been abandoned. We captured Quneitra without a
1171:
respectively after the Second World War, Quneitra gained a new strategic significance as a key road junction some 24 kilometres (15 mi) from the border. It became a prosperous market town and military garrison, with its population tripling to over 20,000 people, predominately Arabs.
474:, but Israel regained control in its subsequent counter-offensive. The city was almost completely destroyed by Israel before it withdrew in June 1974. Syria later refused to rebuild the city and actively discouraged resettlement in the area. Israel was heavily criticized by the
1574:
was attacked by rebel forces and temporarily occupied, with Syrian army later retaking the crossing; In July 2013, opposition forces attacked a military checkpoint in Quneitra, and by the next day were attacking several Syrian Arab Army positions in Quneitra.
465:
and subsequently became a garrison town of some 20,000 people. In 1946, it became part of the independent Syrian Republic within the Riff Dimashq Governorate and in 1964 became the capital of the split Quneitra Governorate. On 10 June 1967, the last day of the
1505:
describes the appearance of the city in 2001: "The first sight of the flattened houses on Quneitra's outskirts is the most dramatic; many of the unscathed roofs simply lie on top of a mass of rubble, leaving the impression of a building that has imploded."
2888:
UN Secretary General: Report of the Special Committee to Investigate Israeli Practices Affecting the Human Rights of the Population of the Occupied Territories; including Edward Gruner: Quneitra Report on Nature, Extent and Value of Damage.
1389:
travelled to Quneitra where he pledged to return the rest of the occupied territories to Syrian control. Western reporters accompanied Syrian refugees returning to the city in early July 1974 and described what they saw on the ground.
1356:). The settlers also set about razing the existing town to the ground. The leader of Merom Golan, Yehuda Harel, and another Merom Golan member, Shimshon Wollner, initiated the destruction of Quneitra, which was carried out by the
1256:
between Syria and Israel and a cross had to bear." Syria shelled the city several times during the early 1970s; in June 1970 a Syrian armored unit launched an attack, and in November 1972, Damascus radio announced that Syrian
1826:
1415:
of June; here a ripped-up mattress, there the springs of an old sofa. On the few sections of wall still standing, Hebrew inscriptions proclaim: "There'll be another round"; "You want Quneitra, you'll have it destroyed."
1419:
Israel asserted that most of the damage had been caused in the two wars and during the artillery duels in between. Several reports from before the withdrawal did refer to the city as "ruined" and "shell-scarred".
1281:
tanks, the Israelis lashed into the Syrian forces. The Syrians at first fell back, but then managed to counterattack and drive back into occupied territory. Quneitra changed hands several times. Finally, Israeli
3032:
2082:
1540:
in the city centre. The western edge of the city marks the start of "no-man's land" beyond which lies Israeli-controlled territory. It was and still is not possible to visit Quneitra directly from Israel.
1368:
Shimshon and I walked around Quneitra all day and tried decide what to do. And then these two strange ideas came up. One was to establish a settlement in Quneitra and the second was to destroy Quneitra.
4767:
2561:
2831:"Syrian 160mm mortar shells were falling on the northern side of the city, a shell-scarred ghost city since its capture by the Israelis in 1967". "Debris of two armies litters Damascus road".
4724:
1476:
also voted to condemn the "deliberate destruction and devastation" of Quneitra in a resolution of 22 February 1975, by a margin of 22 votes to one (the United States) with nine abstentions.
1185:, Syrian radio broadcast an announcement that the city had fallen, though it actually had not. Alarmed, the Syrian Army's redeployment turned into a chaotic retreat along the Damascus road.
4857:
2027:
1608:
1357:
2591:
1341:, the agreement provided that the city was to be repopulated to serve as evidence of peaceful Syrian intentions, by doing so it would encourage the Israelis to pull back further.
1040:
For much of the 18th and 19th centuries Quneitra was abandoned. In 1868 a travel handbook reported that the site was a "ruined village of about 80 or 100 houses" and that a large
1517:
in May 2001. Only a handful of families now live in the town, making a living by providing services for the United Nations troops patrolling the demilitarized zone. According to
1823:
1076:
settled in Quneitra. This initial group did not cultivate the area for a number of years. A second wave of Circassians, numbering about 2,000, arrived in the Golan in 1878 via
1768:
3154:
506:
Qantara is the Arabic word for arched bridge. Quneitra means small arch or bridge, and the name is derived from the small-arches bridge around which the town has been built.
2372:
2326:
1382:
The buildings were systematically stripped, with anything movable being removed and sold to Israeli contractors, before they were pulled apart with tractors and bulldozers.
3186:
524:, a district of southwestern Syria that incorporates the whole of the Golan Heights. The city of Quneitra is within the portion of the Golan Heights controlled by Syria.
3124:
3028:
2075:
4616:
1911:
2925:
1659:
1108:
stones, and contains, excluding the soldiers and officials, 1,300 inhabitants, principally Circassians." Circassians moved away from the Golan beginning after the
581:
The city's position on an important trade route gave it a varied population for much of its history. By the start of the 20th century it was dominated by Muslim
1325:
Israel continued to control the city until early June 1974, when it was returned to Syrian civilian control following the signature of a United States-brokered
1241:
1428:
Direct evidence of the city's condition was provided when it was filmed on 12 May 1974 by a British television news team which included the veteran journalist
5300:
2893:
4875:
3214:. Publications of the Institute of Archaeology, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 31. : Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1990.
1326:
439:
2553:
1197:
Although a correction was broadcast two hours later, the Israelis took advantage of the confusion to seize Quneitra. An armoured brigade under Colonel
1247:
Circassian dispersion from the Golan began after the Six-Day War, then additional numbers moved to the Caucasus after the fall of the Soviet Union.
5275:
4900:
4611:
2049:
1583:
1727:
4885:
1237:
515:
2019:
4802:
4667:
4534:
1589:
On 26 July 2018, the Syrian Army took back the town of Quneitra after rebels surrendered and handed over the heavy and medium weapons to army.
1536:
church. A "Liberated Quneitra Museum", displaying artifacts from the city's ancient and medieval past, is housed in the former Ottoman Turkish
435:
5270:
5265:
4634:
4629:
2762:
2626:
2513:
2417:
2023:
1532:
and under the supervision of a military guide. The principal sights on the standard tour were the remains of Quneitra's hospital, mosque and
4832:
4827:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4757:
4752:
3234:
2246:
1725:
Report of the Special Committee to Investigate Israeli Practices Affecting the Human Rights of the Population of the Occupied Territories
451:
3224:
2583:
4890:
4772:
4762:
4606:
2106:
1550:
1100:. The Circassians of Quneitra engaged in sustained conflicts with the Druze and the Al Fadl through the remainder of the 19th century.
2965:
4852:
4842:
4817:
3256:
1772:
1473:
3093:
4812:
4586:
3146:
2334:
1856:
136:
2857:"The officer conceded that the ruined city itself was of no military importance to Israel." "Israel sees no end to Golan battle".
2357:
4807:
4777:
4742:
1586:
was wounded during the fighting. As a result the Austrian government announced the withdrawal of its troops from the UN mission.
3176:
481:
In 2004, its population was estimated at 153 persons, with some 4,000 more living in the surrounding areas of the former city.
3116:
1499:, a small population of 153 people living in 28 households was recorded, all living in the neighborhood of Rasm al-Rawabi. The
4196:
2000:
1348:– a settlement established in 1967 – took over an abandoned bunker in Quneitra and declared it to be a new settlement called
1397:'s correspondent reported that "Most of its buildings are knocked flat, as though by dynamite, or pockmarked by shellfire."
2933:
1496:
1464:
infrastructure, of value estimated at 463 million Syrian pounds. The report's conclusions were subsequently adopted by the
1457:
Special Committee to Investigate Israeli Practices Affecting the Human Rights of the Population of the Occupied Territories
5226:
2542:
Seale, Patrick. (1988). Asad of Syria: The struggle for the Middle East (p. 141). Berkeley: University of California Press
1127:
and 5th Cavalry Division defeated the Ottoman Turks at Quneitra on 29 September 1918, before they took Damascus (see also
5285:
3055:
2124:
1205:
and found the city deserted and strewn with abandoned military equipment. One of the Israeli commanders later commented:
495:
2922:
1797:"After days of negotiations, an agreement and settlements were reached in towns in the northern countryside of Quneitra"
1656:
100:
4527:
3016:
2814:
2724:
2501:
2478:
2296:
2272:
2228:
2154:
1949:
1756:
1645:
488:, Quneitra became a clash point between rebel forces and Syrian Arab Army. Between 2014 and July 2018, Quneitra was
1533:
67:
568:
Writing during the inter-war period, the American traveler Harriet-Louise H. Patterson recorded that Quneitra was
528:(Baath City), also known as New Quneitra, replaced Quneitra as the administrative centre of Quneitra Governorate.
1465:
2890:
1800:
2692:
2204:
2177:
1468:. It passed a resolution on 29 November 1974 describing the destruction of Quneitra as "a grave breach of the
1032:
was traditionally identified with the small village of Kokab, north-east of Quneitra, on the road to Damascus.
1919:
1683:
498:, a Syrian rebel alliance. By the end of July 2018, Syrian Government forces regained control over the city.
5172:
4520:
4011:
3249:
1488:
Quneitra hospital. The sign reads: "Golan Hospital. Destructed by Zionists and changed it to firing target!"
1378:
did the destroying. They weren't our tractors . . . I can tell you that even the tractor drivers were Arabs.
5290:
4924:
1559:
On 13 November 2012, during the ongoing Syrian Civil War, which had begun in March 2011, Syria′s president
1529:
3264:
4576:
1433:
1124:
1004:
A settlement was established at least as early as the late Hellenistic period, and continued through the
2053:
1735:
5310:
5082:
552:. The surrounding area is dominated by ancient volcanic lava flows interspersed by a number of dormant
1495:
not returned and Syria discourages the re-population of the area. However, in the 2004 census by the
1224:
A ceasefire was agreed later in the afternoon, leaving Quneitra under Israeli control. In June 1967,
1148:
544:
Quneitra is situated in a high valley in the Golan Heights at an altitude of 942 metres (3,091 feet)
540:
Map of the Golan Heights as of 1989, illustrating the location of Quneitra and the surrounding area.
5280:
3242:
1469:
1334:
1301:
strikes against the forward Syrian units, halted the Syrian drive and turned the Syrian Army back.
1128:
358:
21:
2766:
2630:
2521:
2425:
1521:, "the carefully preserved ruined city has become a pilgrimage site for a generation of Syrians."
1509:
The city has often been used as a stop for foreign VIPs, ranging from the Soviet foreign minister
1329:
signed on 31 May 1974. The surrender of Quneitra was controversial, with Israeli settlers and the
548:. It is overshadowed to the west by the Israeli-held portion of the Golan Heights and the peak of
5295:
4401:
3272:
3059:
2844:"Kuneitra, the ruined capital of the Heights". "Village life on the wild frontier of the Golan".
1579:
1554:
1164:
610:
478:
for the city's destruction, while Israel has also criticized Syria for not rebuilding Quneitra.
371:
5305:
5162:
4936:
4061:
3552:
2685:
The Fate of Nations: The Search for National Security in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
1564:
1140:
1005:
3056:"President Bashar al-Assad Decrees on Establishing Branch for Damascus University in Quneitra"
2735:"Israel-Syrian disengagement goes into effect today after detailed plan is signed in Geneva".
2243:
2194:
2167:
1990:
1769:"Syrian rebels break uneasy peace in Golan Heights - Al-Monitor: The Pulse of the Middle East"
1268:
50:
5132:
5107:
4991:
3280:
1881:
1472:" and "condemn Israel for such acts," by a margin of 93 votes to 8, with 74 abstentions. The
1349:
1168:
329:
186:
4644:
1843:
1012:
times; it was known by the name "Sarisai". The settlement served as a stop on the road from
5152:
5087:
5035:
5030:
4543:
4391:
2962:
2239:
1361:
1065:
582:
521:
423:
339:
191:
1152:
470:, Quneitra came under Israeli control. It was briefly recaptured by Syria during the 1973
8:
4236:
3085:
989:
419:
3364:
1860:
5137:
4919:
4111:
4071:
3373:
2680:
1338:
1029:
1017:
198:
4596:
4411:
4331:
4271:
4176:
3851:
3012:
2720:
2688:
2497:
2474:
2396:
2292:
2268:
2224:
2200:
2173:
2150:
2100:
2020:"Suriye'nin Türkmenleri: Ne zaman geldiler, nüfusları ne kadar, hangi bölgelerdeler?"
1996:
1945:
1752:
1724:
1641:
1613:
1598:
1571:
1514:
1425:
reconstruction. Nearly every building is heavily damaged and scores have collapsed."
1294:
1085:
289:
203:
5024:
4905:
4601:
4356:
4056:
3886:
3542:
3477:
3472:
1525:
1282:
1021:
1009:
988:
hunter-gatherers are thought to have lived there, as evidenced by the discovery of
525:
485:
1734:", United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3240, 29 November 1974, A/RES/3240,
5147:
5117:
5067:
4624:
4361:
4351:
4201:
4046:
3891:
3841:
3607:
3597:
3592:
2969:
2929:
2897:
2250:
1830:
1731:
1663:
1560:
1445:
1391:
1353:
1214:
1058:
545:
414:
395:
4512:
3086:"Syrian rebels and Assad forces battle for control of key town on Israel border"
434:
at 1,010 metres (3,313 feet) above sea level. Since 1974, pursuant to
4870:
4862:
4822:
4126:
3986:
3981:
3966:
3836:
3781:
1510:
1452:
1386:
1286:
1277:
1230:
1198:
1104:
1097:
1054:
602:
590:
475:
471:
458:
447:
3063:
2120:
1385:
The disengagement went into force on 6 June. On 26 June, the Syrian president
5259:
5241:
5228:
5197:
4985:
4927:
4677:
4491:
4481:
4441:
4371:
4316:
4241:
4171:
4156:
4091:
4031:
4001:
3796:
3766:
3701:
3651:
1707:, in Arabic, English and Hebrew, for mail sent from Quneitra. Livni, Israel.
1460:
886:
553:
431:
223:
151:
138:
4837:
4732:
4709:
4581:
4486:
4386:
4326:
4321:
4281:
4211:
4206:
4161:
4096:
3961:
3941:
3921:
3866:
3756:
3741:
3736:
3711:
3671:
3507:
3482:
3452:
3432:
3387:
3181:
3150:
2447:
1603:
1537:
1501:
1144:
1113:
1093:
1077:
1042:
985:
549:
536:
1163:
When the modern states of Syria and Israel gained their independence from
5112:
5077:
5008:
4895:
4747:
4699:
4456:
4451:
4366:
4251:
4226:
4181:
4136:
3971:
3951:
3896:
3831:
3801:
3726:
3716:
3582:
3547:
3402:
3344:
3304:
3228:
2265:
The Golan Heights: Political History, Settlement and Geography since 1949
1345:
1290:
1120:
1109:
606:
562:
467:
2192:
2165:
5122:
5092:
5048:
5002:
4996:
4847:
4797:
4714:
4694:
4501:
4461:
4446:
4431:
4276:
4216:
4106:
4101:
4026:
3991:
3881:
3786:
3696:
3681:
3646:
3617:
3612:
3442:
3427:
3349:
3314:
1429:
1304:
993:
573:
2358:"Campaign Summary and Notes on Horse Artillery in Sinai and Palestine"
5180:
5157:
5127:
5072:
5018:
4967:
4737:
4571:
4496:
4476:
4246:
4191:
4141:
4066:
4016:
4006:
3996:
3916:
3871:
3826:
3821:
3811:
3746:
3676:
3602:
3572:
3562:
3557:
3467:
3447:
3437:
3382:
3177:"Austria to withdraw Golan Heights peacekeepers over Syrian fighting"
1796:
1436:
on the disengagement negotiations. His report was broadcast on ITN's
1406:
1257:
1025:
320:
2289:
Ancient Synagogues: historical analysis and archaeological discovery
2196:
Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery
2169:
Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery
1309:
16:
This article is about a city in Syria. For the city in Morocco, see
4421:
4416:
4406:
4396:
4376:
4291:
4266:
4221:
4166:
4146:
4131:
4116:
4086:
4076:
4051:
3976:
3946:
3936:
3911:
3856:
3806:
3776:
3771:
3721:
3656:
3627:
3522:
3294:
1704:
1675:
1399:
1081:
1073:
1013:
586:
490:
462:
1609:
Syrian towns and villages depopulated in the Arab-Israeli conflict
1484:
5185:
4973:
4954:
4944:
4381:
4346:
4341:
4301:
4286:
4256:
4151:
4121:
4036:
3906:
3876:
3846:
3816:
3791:
3751:
3731:
3686:
3637:
3622:
3577:
3537:
3527:
3517:
3512:
3502:
3497:
3422:
3417:
3329:
1050:
976:
299:
17:
1882:
Cursed Victory: A History of Israel and the Occupied Territories
1344:
In an attempt to block the withdrawal, a group of settlers from
577:
It is cool under the spreading trees, usually quiet and restful.
5097:
5059:
5013:
4979:
4880:
4704:
4566:
4471:
4426:
4336:
4311:
4306:
4296:
4261:
4231:
4081:
4041:
4021:
3931:
3901:
3666:
3587:
3567:
3532:
3492:
3487:
3462:
3412:
3397:
3392:
3354:
3289:
3147:"Österreich zieht seine Blauhelme von umkämpften Golanhöhen ab"
1528:, the city could be visited by tourists with a permit from the
1298:
443:
346:
325:
210:
2667:"Criticism in Israel over peace pact's concessions to Syria".
1824:
Syrian flag raised in Quneitra on Syrian side of Golan Heights
1046:
also stood in ruins. Semi-nomadic pastoral groups such as the
1024:
is said to have passed through the settlement on his way from
5102:
4651:
4591:
4547:
4466:
4436:
3956:
3926:
3861:
3761:
3691:
3661:
3339:
3324:
3299:
3267:
1410:, gave a detailed eyewitness description of the destruction:
1330:
1089:
1069:
594:
558:
427:
179:
557:
volcanic soil has supported agricultural activities such as
5191:
5142:
5041:
4962:
4186:
3457:
3407:
3319:
3309:
1912:"Syrian insurgents attack government-held town near Israel"
1857:"Syria Gate: all about Syria (official government website)"
1317:
1188:
According to 8th Brigade Commander Ibrahim Isma'il Khahya:
1047:
598:
350:
1995:. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 112–114.
3706:
5216:
were on the Mandatory Palestine side of the 1923 border.
1992:
Displacement and Dispossession in the Modern Middle East
984:
The surrounding area has been inhabited for millennia.
2584:"Syria Shells Israeli Bases in Occupied Golan Heights"
1061:
tribes grazed their flocks in Quneitra's rocky lands.
3117:"Rebels in Syria Capture Border Crossing With Israel"
2554:"Israel and Syria battle third day in the Golan area"
2327:"How Circassians maintain identity in changing Golan"
1373:
which buildings the army needed. According to Harel,
597:. Its population grew to some 21,000 people, mostly
2312:. London: Richard Bentley and Son. pp. 207–214.
1305:
Destruction of Quneitra and return to Syrian control
1229:which the Syrians had shelled kibbutzim across the
1103:Modern Quneitra grew around the nucleus of the old
999:
1563:issued a decreed establishment of a branch of the
4542:
2629:. Time Magazine. October 22, 1973. Archived from
2494:Six Days: How the 1967 War Shaped the Middle East
2395:
2193:Dan Urman, Paul Virgil McCracken Flesher (1998).
2166:Dan Urman, Paul Virgil McCracken Flesher (1998).
1900:"Qunaytirah, Al-." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007.
5257:
3212:Quneitra: A Mousterian Site on the Golan Heights
3115:Dagher, Sam; Mitnick, Joshua (August 27, 2014).
2981:"Pope prays for peace in war-torn Syrian town",
2948:"Syrians offered Soviet support by Mr Kosygin".
2412:
2410:
2244:A handbook for travellers in Syria and Palestine
2113:
1181:bombardment, to defend the road to Damascus. At
120:Location of Quneitra within Golan Heights, Syria
3031:. U.S. Department of State. February 20, 2018.
2612:"Tables turned on Arabs, Israel general says".
1903:
516:International law and the Arab-Israeli conflict
2715:Lara Dunston, Terry Carter, Andrew Humphreys.
2650:
2648:
2147:Neanderthals and Modern Humans in Western Asia
2145:Takeru Akazawa, Kenichi Aoki, Ofer Bar-Yosef,
2014:
2012:
1638:International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: E-J
436:United Nations Security Council Resolution 350
4528:
3250:
3114:
3053:
2923:General Census of Population and Housing 2004
2787:"Golan's capital turns into heap of stones".
2446:
2407:
2355:
1791:
1789:
531:
5301:Former populated places in the Golan Heights
3169:
2870:"A question mark over the death of a city."
2800:"Israel fears Russian incitement of Arabs".
2765:. Time Magazine. 8 July 1974. Archived from
2748:"Egypt offers air force to defend Lebanon".
2702:
2700:
2687:, p. 316. Cambridge University Press, 1988.
2551:
2307:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1819:
1817:
1640:, p. 520. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1994.
1272:Golan Heights campaign during Yom Kippur War
39:
2909:"Human Rights Commission condemns Israel".
2903:
2781:
2645:
2291:, p. 394. Brill Academic Publishers, 1995.
2009:
1719:
1717:
1703:On 10 June, Israeli authorities utilized a
1221:the Syrian troops left in the Golan area."
4535:
4521:
3257:
3243:
3139:
3029:"Syria: Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements"
2496:, p. 304. Simon & Schuster Ltd, 2003.
2465:
2463:
2461:
2454:. New York: Ballantine Books. p. 301.
2321:
2319:
2287:Paul Virgil McCracken Flesher, Dan Urman,
1909:
1786:
1632:
1630:
1628:
4768:al-Butayha, SyriaMansura, Syriaal-Butayha
3011:, p. 142. 2001, Footprint Travel Guides.
2884:
2882:
2880:
2697:
2473:2nd edition, p. 146. Rough Guides, 2001.
2301:
2223:, p. 100. 2001, Footprint Travel Guides.
1967:
1910:Al-Khalidi, Suleiman (20 November 2014).
1814:
1474:United Nations Commission on Human Rights
461:as a way station on the caravan route to
430:. It is situated in a high valley in the
418:) is the largely destroyed and abandoned
3054:Nassr, M.; Ghossoun (13 November 2012).
3001:
2488:
2486:
2052:. Haberiniz. 3 July 2015. Archived from
1714:
1483:
1316:
1308:
1267:
1158:
1139:Quneitra saw several battles during the
975:
535:
5276:Populated places disestablished in 1974
2458:
2316:
2281:
2219:Ivan Mannheim, "Biblical Damascus", in
1711:Tel Aviv: Sifriyat Ma'arit, 1969. p.195
1636:Geoffrey William Bromiley. "Golan", in
1625:
1404:s Syria correspondent, in a report for
1364:. Harel later described what happened:
5258:
2994:"Silence of Syria's forgotten siege",
2877:
2654:"Settlers insist Israel keeps Golan".
2262:
2105:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2030:from the original on 24 September 2016
1988:
1962:Around The Mediterranean With My Bible
1551:Quneitra Governorate clashes (2012–14)
1035:
4516:
3238:
3127:from the original on October 30, 2014
2483:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1836:
1751:, 492. Knopf Publishing Group, 2005.
1250:
1238:United Nations Special Representative
413:
5271:Populated places established in 1873
5266:1873 establishments in Ottoman Syria
3210:Goren-Inbar, N., and Paul Goldberg.
3035:from the original on August 22, 2018
2127:from the original on August 31, 2018
3189:from the original on 28 August 2013
2916:
1544:
1134:
509:
399:
305:
40:
13:
3204:
3096:from the original on 18 April 2014
2934:Syria Central Bureau of Statistics
2424:. 1 September 1967. Archived from
1942:The Yom Kippur War 1973: The Sinai
1887:
1844:Arabic Dictionary with etymologies
446:and Syria, the city is inside the
14:
5322:
3218:
2594:from the original on 22 July 2018
2564:from the original on 22 July 2018
2333:. 9 February 2017. Archived from
2267:. London: Routledge. p. 78.
1944:, p. 9. Osprey Publishing, 2003.
1846:, 2005, accessed 5 September 2018
1479:
1459:, which engaged a Swiss engineer
1276:During the first few days of the
1263:
87:Location of Quneitra within Syria
4650:
4643:
3363:
3266:
3157:from the original on 7 June 2013
2627:"The War of the Day of Judgment"
2469:Andrew Beattie, Timothy Pepper,
1582:. A Filipino peacekeeper of the
1112:and again after the fall of the
1000:Hellenistic to Byzantine periods
172:
107:
106:
99:
74:
73:
66:
49:
3108:
3078:
3047:
3021:
2988:
2975:
2955:
2942:
2864:
2851:
2838:
2825:
2807:
2794:
2755:
2742:
2729:
2719:, p. 129. Lonely Planet, 2004.
2709:
2674:
2661:
2619:
2606:
2576:
2545:
2536:
2506:
2440:
2389:
2378:from the original on 2016-03-04
2356:Sibert, E. L. (May–June 1928).
2349:
2256:
2233:
2213:
2186:
2159:
2139:
2088:from the original on 2015-04-20
2068:
2042:
1954:
1934:
1874:
1849:
1803:from the original on 2018-07-26
1686:from the original on 2017-07-18
1530:Syrian Ministry of the Interior
1466:United Nations General Assembly
1358:Land Development Administration
520:Quneitra is the capital of the
400:ٱلْقُنَيْطِرَة or ٱلْقُنَيطْرَة
4680:Israeli-occupied Golan Heights
2520:. 23 June 1967. Archived from
2403:. London: Chatto & Windus.
1761:
1741:
1709:Encyclopedia of Israel Stamps.
1697:
1668:
1650:
1313:Destroyed building in Quneitra
1175:
1:
2936:(CBS). Quneitra Governorate.
2552:Charles Mohr (27 June 1970).
2253:, J. Murray, 1868, p. 439. .
1960:Harriet-Louise H. Patterson,
1619:
1578:In August 2014, rebel forces
1028:to Damascus. The site of the
996:flint tools in the vicinity.
971:
572:charmingly set in a grove of
123:Show map of the Golan Heights
20:. For the city in Egypt, see
3009:Syria & Lebanon Handbook
2985:(Belfast); 8 May 2001; p. 17
2221:Syria & Lebanon Handbook
1497:Central Bureau of Statistics
1260:had again shelled Quneitra.
501:
457:Quneitra was founded in the
270:1,010 m (3,313 ft)
7:
2365:The Field Artillery Journal
1592:
1570:On 6 June 2013, the nearby
1434:Independent Television News
1125:Australian Mounted Division
815:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
675:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
10:
5327:
5286:Destroyed populated places
3225:Satellite view of Quneitra
2418:"A Campaign for the Books"
2149:, p. 154. Springer, 1998.
1548:
1337:opposing it. According to
966:
959:Source: Climate-Data.org
958:
626:Climate data for Quneitra
625:
617:
532:Geography and demographics
513:
440:Agreement on Disengagement
415:[ælqʊˈneɪ̯tˁ(ɨ)rɑ]
55:View of the destroyed city
15:
5210:
5171:
5058:
4953:
4935:
4918:
4723:
4687:
4676:
4660:
4641:
4554:
3636:
3372:
3361:
3279:
3273:Cities and towns of Syria
2963:Pope visits Golan Heights
2874:, 17 February 1975, p. 12
980:Skyline of Quneitra, 1929
884:
814:
744:
674:
669:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
642:
639:
636:
633:
630:
367:
357:
336:
319:
298:
287:
279:
274:
266:
258:
253:
245:
237:
229:
219:
209:
197:
185:
167:
132:
60:
48:
34:
2471:The Rough Guide to Syria
1657:Quneitra city population
1572:Quneitra border crossing
1440:programme. According to
1432:, who was reporting for
1335:National Religious Party
1321:The entrance to the city
1129:Battle of Megiddo (1918)
611:independence from France
262:Ahmad Sheikh Abdul-Qader
22:El-Qantarah el-Sharqiyya
5212:Israeli settlements in
3121:The Wall Street Journal
3060:Syrian Arab News Agency
2972:". BBC News, 7 May 2001
2763:"Returning to Quneitra"
1964:. W. A. Wilde Co., 1941
1833:, Reuter, July 26, 2018
1555:2014 Quneitra offensive
1327:disengagement agreement
1285:, closely supported by
4062:Khirbet al-Tin Mahmoud
3508:al-Mukharram al-Foqani
2616:, 9 October 1973, p. 8
2263:Kipnis, Yigal (2013).
1565:University of Damascus
1491:
1417:
1380:
1370:
1322:
1314:
1273:
1212:
1195:
1141:Syria-Lebanon Campaign
981:
579:
541:
5242:33.12556°N 35.82389°E
5173:Community settlements
2514:"Coping with Victory"
2308:G. Schmacher (1888).
2240:Porter, Josias Leslie
1989:Chatty, Dawn (2010).
1580:captured the crossing
1549:Further information:
1487:
1412:
1375:
1366:
1320:
1312:
1271:
1207:
1190:
1159:Arab-Israeli conflict
979:
570:
539:
514:Further information:
338: • Summer (
259: • Governor
4678:Syrian localities in
4544:Quneitra Governorate
4392:al-Surah al-Saghirah
2791:, 10 July 1974, p. 8
2752:, 26 June 1974, p. 6
2633:on December 14, 2008
2590:. 26 November 1972.
2123:. Climate-Data.org.
2050:"Suriye Türkmenleri"
1747:Abraham Rabinovich.
1502:Rough Guide to Syria
1362:Jewish National Fund
1201:entered Quneitra at
1064:In 1873, a group of
522:Quneitra Governorate
424:Quneitra Governorate
5291:Ghost towns in Asia
5238: /
4920:Israeli settlements
4237:Rasm Harmil al-Imam
3066:on 16 November 2012
2998:; 8 May 2001; p. 15
2952:, 4 June 1976, p. 6
2769:on 22 December 2008
2739:, 6 June 1974, p. 6
2717:Syria & Lebanon
2671:, 30 May 1974, p. 7
2524:on 15 December 2008
2337:on 10 February 2017
2121:"Climate: Quneitra"
2026:. 8 December 2015.
1193:an enemy soldier.
1057:tribes and several
1036:Late Ottoman period
745:Daily mean °C (°F)
609:, following Syrian
148: /
5247:33.12556; 35.82389
2968:2003-04-02 at the
2928:2013-01-22 at the
2913:, 22 February 1975
2896:2017-12-24 at the
2819:The New York Times
2804:, 8 September 1975
2681:Michael Mandelbaum
2658:, 7 May 1974, p. 6
2588:The New York Times
2558:The New York Times
2428:on 15 October 2010
2249:2016-01-18 at the
2056:on 26 January 2017
1829:2018-07-27 at the
1749:The Yom Kippur War
1730:2011-01-03 at the
1662:2013-01-22 at the
1492:
1339:Michael Mandelbaum
1323:
1315:
1274:
1251:Israeli occupation
1242:Nils-Göran Gussing
1149:Battle of Damascus
1030:Conversion of Paul
982:
542:
494:controlled by the
5311:Quneitra District
5221:
5220:
5206:
5205:
4914:
4913:
4597:Jubata al-Khashab
4555:Quneitra District
4510:
4509:
3852:al-Hajar al-Aswad
2397:Compton Mackenzie
2002:978-0-521-81792-9
1676:"Syria Provinces"
1614:1974 Kuneitra Cup
1599:Quneitra Crossing
1515:Pope John Paul II
1470:Geneva Convention
1295:close air support
1153:Battle of Kissoué
1086:Russo-Turkish War
963:
962:
589:, accompanied by
426:in south-western
377:
376:
280: • City
152:33.117°N 35.817°E
90:Show map of Syria
5318:
5253:
5252:
5250:
5249:
5248:
5243:
5239:
5236:
5235:
5234:
5231:
5025:Mishmar HaYarden
4933:
4932:
4925:Israeli-occupied
4685:
4684:
4655:
4654:
4647:
4602:Madinat al-Baath
4537:
4530:
4523:
4514:
4513:
4357:al-Shaykh Maskin
4057:Khirbet Ghazaleh
3887:Harran al-Awamid
3478:Maarat al-Numaan
3473:Jisr ash-Shughur
3367:
3271:
3270:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3236:
3235:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3173:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3082:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3062:. Archived from
3051:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3040:
3025:
3019:
3005:
2999:
2992:
2986:
2979:
2973:
2959:
2953:
2946:
2940:
2939:
2920:
2914:
2907:
2901:
2886:
2875:
2868:
2862:
2855:
2849:
2842:
2836:
2835:, 5 October 1973
2829:
2823:
2822:
2811:
2805:
2798:
2792:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2759:
2753:
2746:
2740:
2733:
2727:
2713:
2707:
2704:
2695:
2678:
2672:
2665:
2659:
2652:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2623:
2617:
2610:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2549:
2543:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2510:
2504:
2490:
2481:
2467:
2456:
2455:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2414:
2405:
2404:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2377:
2362:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2323:
2314:
2313:
2305:
2299:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2260:
2254:
2237:
2231:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2163:
2157:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2104:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2087:
2080:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2016:
2007:
2006:
1986:
1965:
1958:
1952:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1918:. Archived from
1907:
1901:
1898:
1885:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1859:. Archived from
1853:
1847:
1840:
1834:
1821:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1799:. 26 July 2018.
1793:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1771:. Archived from
1765:
1759:
1745:
1739:
1721:
1712:
1701:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1680:www.statoids.com
1672:
1666:
1654:
1648:
1634:
1545:Syrian Civil War
1526:Syrian Civil War
1513:in June 1976 to
1204:
1184:
1147:, including the
1145:Second World War
1135:Second World War
623:
622:
526:Madinat al-Baath
510:Political status
486:Syrian Civil War
417:
412:
401:
343:
307:
178:
176:
175:
163:
162:
160:
159:
158:
153:
149:
146:
145:
144:
141:
124:
110:
109:
103:
91:
77:
76:
70:
53:
43:
42:
32:
31:
5326:
5325:
5321:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5316:
5315:
5281:Cities in Syria
5256:
5255:
5246:
5244:
5240:
5237:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5217:
5202:
5167:
5148:Ramat Magshimim
5068:Alonei HaBashan
5054:
4949:
4923:
4910:
4719:
4679:
4672:
4656:
4649:
4648:
4639:
4550:
4541:
4511:
4506:
4362:Shayukh Tahtani
4352:Shaykh al-Hadid
4202:Qalaat al-Madiq
4072:Ma'arrat Misrin
4047:Kuwayris Sharqi
3632:
3598:al-Suqaylabiyah
3593:ash-Shaykh Badr
3368:
3359:
3275:
3265:
3263:
3221:
3207:
3205:Further reading
3202:
3192:
3190:
3185:. 6 June 2013.
3175:
3174:
3170:
3160:
3158:
3153:. 6 June 2013.
3145:
3144:
3140:
3130:
3128:
3113:
3109:
3099:
3097:
3092:. 6 June 2013.
3084:
3083:
3079:
3069:
3067:
3052:
3048:
3038:
3036:
3027:
3026:
3022:
3007:Ivan Mannheim,
3006:
3002:
2993:
2989:
2980:
2976:
2970:Wayback Machine
2960:
2956:
2947:
2943:
2937:
2930:Wayback Machine
2921:
2917:
2908:
2904:
2898:Wayback Machine
2887:
2878:
2869:
2865:
2856:
2852:
2843:
2839:
2830:
2826:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2799:
2795:
2786:
2782:
2772:
2770:
2761:
2760:
2756:
2747:
2743:
2734:
2730:
2714:
2710:
2705:
2698:
2679:
2675:
2666:
2662:
2653:
2646:
2636:
2634:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2611:
2607:
2597:
2595:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2567:
2565:
2550:
2546:
2541:
2537:
2527:
2525:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2491:
2484:
2468:
2459:
2452:Six Days of War
2445:
2441:
2431:
2429:
2416:
2415:
2408:
2394:
2390:
2381:
2379:
2375:
2360:
2354:
2350:
2340:
2338:
2325:
2324:
2317:
2306:
2302:
2286:
2282:
2275:
2261:
2257:
2251:Wayback Machine
2238:
2234:
2218:
2214:
2207:
2199:. p. 398.
2191:
2187:
2180:
2172:. p. 395.
2164:
2160:
2144:
2140:
2130:
2128:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2098:
2097:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2078:
2076:"Archived copy"
2074:
2073:
2069:
2059:
2057:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2033:
2031:
2018:
2017:
2010:
2003:
1987:
1968:
1959:
1955:
1940:Simon Dunstan.
1939:
1935:
1925:
1923:
1908:
1904:
1899:
1888:
1884:, Penguin, 2014
1880:Ahron Bregman,
1879:
1875:
1866:
1864:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1841:
1837:
1831:Wayback Machine
1822:
1815:
1806:
1804:
1795:
1794:
1787:
1778:
1776:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1746:
1742:
1732:Wayback Machine
1722:
1715:
1702:
1698:
1689:
1687:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1664:Wayback Machine
1655:
1651:
1635:
1626:
1622:
1595:
1561:Bashar al-Assad
1557:
1547:
1482:
1446:Edward Mortimer
1307:
1266:
1253:
1202:
1182:
1178:
1161:
1137:
1038:
1002:
974:
969:
964:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
620:
546:above sea level
534:
518:
512:
504:
410:
337:
173:
171:
156:
154:
150:
147:
142:
139:
137:
135:
134:
128:
127:
126:
125:
122:
121:
118:
117:
116:
115:
111:
94:
93:
92:
89:
88:
85:
84:
83:
82:
78:
56:
44:
37:
30:
25:
12:
11:
5:
5324:
5314:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5296:Ruins in Syria
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5219:
5218:
5211:
5208:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5201:
5200:
5195:
5188:
5183:
5177:
5175:
5169:
5168:
5166:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5064:
5062:
5056:
5055:
5053:
5052:
5045:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4982:
4977:
4970:
4965:
4959:
4957:
4951:
4950:
4948:
4947:
4941:
4939:
4930:
4916:
4915:
4912:
4911:
4909:
4908:
4903:
4901:Umm al-Dananir
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4871:Er-Ramthaniyye
4868:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4823:Jubata ez-Zeit
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4729:
4727:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4691:
4689:
4682:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4670:
4664:
4662:
4658:
4657:
4642:
4640:
4638:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4619:
4614:
4612:Naba al-Sakher
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4558:
4556:
4552:
4551:
4540:
4539:
4532:
4525:
4517:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4272:al-Sabe' Biyar
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4127:Mashta al-Helu
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3967:Jubb al-Jarrah
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3837:al-Ghizlaniyah
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3643:
3641:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3379:
3377:
3370:
3369:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3286:
3284:
3277:
3276:
3262:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3220:
3219:External links
3217:
3216:
3215:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3168:
3138:
3107:
3077:
3046:
3020:
3000:
2987:
2974:
2954:
2941:
2915:
2902:
2900:1 October 1976
2876:
2863:
2850:
2848:, 5 April 1974
2837:
2824:
2806:
2793:
2780:
2754:
2741:
2728:
2708:
2706:Kipnis, p. 160
2696:
2673:
2660:
2644:
2618:
2605:
2575:
2544:
2535:
2505:
2492:Jeremy Bowen,
2482:
2457:
2439:
2406:
2388:
2371:(3): 255–271.
2348:
2315:
2300:
2280:
2273:
2255:
2232:
2212:
2205:
2185:
2178:
2158:
2138:
2112:
2067:
2041:
2008:
2001:
1966:
1953:
1933:
1902:
1886:
1873:
1848:
1842:András Rajki,
1835:
1813:
1785:
1760:
1740:
1713:
1696:
1667:
1649:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1594:
1591:
1567:in Quneitra.
1546:
1543:
1534:Greek Orthodox
1511:Alexei Kosygin
1481:
1480:As a city ruin
1478:
1455:established a
1453:United Nations
1444:correspondent
1387:Hafez al-Assad
1306:
1303:
1278:Yom Kippur War
1265:
1264:Yom Kippur War
1262:
1252:
1249:
1231:Sea of Galilee
1199:Albert Mandler
1177:
1174:
1160:
1157:
1136:
1133:
1080:after fleeing
1037:
1034:
1001:
998:
973:
970:
968:
965:
961:
960:
956:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
882:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
812:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
742:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
672:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
632:
628:
627:
621:
619:
616:
601:, followed by
554:volcanic cones
533:
530:
511:
508:
503:
500:
496:Southern Front
476:United Nations
472:Yom Kippur War
375:
374:
369:
365:
364:
361:
355:
354:
344:
334:
333:
323:
317:
316:
302:
296:
295:
292:
285:
284:
281:
277:
276:
272:
271:
268:
264:
263:
260:
256:
255:
251:
250:
247:
243:
242:
239:
235:
234:
233:around 1000 CE
231:
227:
226:
221:
217:
216:
213:
207:
206:
201:
195:
194:
189:
183:
182:
169:
165:
164:
157:33.117; 35.817
130:
129:
119:
113:
112:
105:
104:
98:
97:
96:
95:
86:
80:
79:
72:
71:
65:
64:
63:
62:
61:
58:
57:
54:
46:
45:
38:
35:
29:Place in Syria
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5323:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5306:Golan Heights
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5254:
5251:
5215:
5209:
5199:
5198:Trump Heights
5196:
5194:
5193:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5176:
5174:
5170:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5061:
5057:
5051:
5050:
5046:
5044:
5043:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5026:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5004:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4987:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4975:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4960:
4958:
4956:
4952:
4946:
4943:
4942:
4940:
4938:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4928:Golan Heights
4926:
4921:
4917:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4886:al-Sindiyanah
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4726:
4722:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4675:
4669:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4659:
4653:
4646:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4617:al-Qahtaniyah
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4538:
4533:
4531:
4526:
4524:
4519:
4518:
4515:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4492:al-Yaarubiyah
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4482:Urum al-Kubra
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4442:Tell al-Daman
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4197:al-Qahtaniyah
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4172:al-Nashabiyah
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4157:al-Musayfirah
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4032:Khan Shaykhun
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4002:Kafr Takharim
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3797:al-Darbasiyah
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3702:Assal al-Ward
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3652:Abu al-Thuhur
3650:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3635:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3371:
3366:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3260:
3255:
3253:
3248:
3246:
3241:
3240:
3237:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3213:
3209:
3208:
3188:
3184:
3183:
3178:
3172:
3156:
3152:
3149:(in German).
3148:
3142:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3111:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3081:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3050:
3034:
3030:
3024:
3018:
3017:1-900949-90-3
3014:
3010:
3004:
2997:
2991:
2984:
2978:
2971:
2967:
2964:
2958:
2951:
2945:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2924:
2919:
2912:
2906:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2873:
2867:
2861:, 2 May 1974.
2860:
2854:
2847:
2841:
2834:
2828:
2821:. 9 May 2001.
2820:
2816:
2815:"Corrections"
2810:
2803:
2797:
2790:
2784:
2768:
2764:
2758:
2751:
2745:
2738:
2732:
2726:
2725:1-86450-333-5
2722:
2718:
2712:
2703:
2701:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2677:
2670:
2664:
2657:
2651:
2649:
2632:
2628:
2622:
2615:
2609:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2579:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2548:
2539:
2523:
2519:
2518:Time Magazine
2515:
2509:
2503:
2502:0-7432-3095-7
2499:
2495:
2489:
2487:
2480:
2479:1-85828-718-9
2476:
2472:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2453:
2449:
2448:Oren, Michael
2443:
2427:
2423:
2422:Time Magazine
2419:
2413:
2411:
2402:
2398:
2392:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2322:
2320:
2311:
2304:
2298:
2297:90-04-11254-5
2294:
2290:
2284:
2276:
2274:9781136740923
2270:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2236:
2230:
2229:1-900949-90-3
2226:
2222:
2216:
2208:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2189:
2181:
2175:
2171:
2170:
2162:
2156:
2155:0-306-45924-8
2152:
2148:
2142:
2126:
2122:
2116:
2108:
2102:
2084:
2077:
2071:
2055:
2051:
2045:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2004:
1998:
1994:
1993:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1963:
1957:
1951:
1950:1-84176-220-2
1947:
1943:
1937:
1922:on 7 May 2015
1921:
1917:
1913:
1906:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1883:
1877:
1863:on 2008-12-21
1862:
1858:
1852:
1845:
1839:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1820:
1818:
1802:
1798:
1792:
1790:
1775:on 2014-10-25
1774:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1757:0-8052-1124-1
1754:
1750:
1744:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1720:
1718:
1710:
1706:
1700:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1671:
1665:
1661:
1658:
1653:
1647:
1646:0-8028-3782-4
1643:
1639:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1624:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1576:
1573:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1556:
1552:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1524:Prior to the
1522:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1490:
1486:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1461:Edward Gruner
1458:
1454:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1423:
1416:
1411:
1409:
1408:
1403:
1401:
1396:
1394:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1352:(Quneitra in
1351:
1347:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1319:
1311:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1283:armored units
1279:
1270:
1261:
1259:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1211:
1206:
1200:
1194:
1189:
1186:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1099:
1096:and those in
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
997:
995:
991:
987:
978:
957:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
888:
887:precipitation
883:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
813:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
743:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
673:
629:
624:
615:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
578:
575:
569:
566:
564:
560:
555:
551:
547:
538:
529:
527:
523:
517:
507:
499:
497:
493:
492:
487:
482:
479:
477:
473:
469:
464:
460:
455:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
432:Golan Heights
429:
425:
421:
416:
409:
408:al-Qunayṭirah
405:
397:
393:
389:
385:
384:Al Qunaytirah
381:
373:
370:
366:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
345:
341:
335:
331:
327:
324:
322:
318:
315:
311:
303:
301:
297:
293:
291:
288: •
286:
282:
278:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
225:
224:Golan Heights
222:
218:
214:
212:
208:
205:
202:
200:
196:
193:
190:
188:
184:
181:
170:
166:
161:
133:Coordinates:
131:
102:
69:
59:
52:
47:
41:ٱلْقُنَيطْرَة
33:
27:
23:
19:
5223:
5213:
5190:
5118:Ma'ale Gamla
5047:
5040:
5023:
5001:
4984:
4972:
4838:Kafr Naffakh
4733:Al-Ahmadiyah
4710:Majdal Shams
4661:Fiq District
4582:Khan Arnabah
4561:
4487:Wadi al-Oyun
4327:al-Shaddadah
4212:al-Qaryatayn
4162:al-Mushannaf
3962:al-Jawadiyah
3942:al-Janudiyah
3922:Ibbin Samaan
3867:al-Hamidiyah
3757:Bir al-Helou
3742:Barri Sharqi
3712:Ayn al-Fijah
3638:Sub-district
3553:Ra's al-'Ayn
3483:al-Malikiyah
3334:
3211:
3191:. Retrieved
3182:The Guardian
3180:
3171:
3159:. Retrieved
3151:Der Standard
3141:
3131:November 27,
3129:. Retrieved
3120:
3110:
3098:. Retrieved
3089:
3080:
3068:. Retrieved
3064:the original
3049:
3037:. Retrieved
3023:
3008:
3003:
2995:
2990:
2982:
2977:
2957:
2949:
2944:
2918:
2910:
2905:
2871:
2866:
2858:
2853:
2845:
2840:
2832:
2827:
2818:
2809:
2801:
2796:
2788:
2783:
2771:. Retrieved
2767:the original
2757:
2749:
2744:
2736:
2731:
2716:
2711:
2684:
2676:
2668:
2663:
2655:
2637:February 17,
2635:. Retrieved
2631:the original
2621:
2613:
2608:
2596:. Retrieved
2587:
2578:
2566:. Retrieved
2557:
2547:
2538:
2526:. Retrieved
2522:the original
2517:
2508:
2493:
2470:
2451:
2442:
2430:. Retrieved
2426:the original
2421:
2401:Eastern Epic
2400:
2391:
2380:. Retrieved
2368:
2364:
2351:
2339:. Retrieved
2335:the original
2330:
2309:
2303:
2288:
2283:
2264:
2258:
2235:
2220:
2215:
2195:
2188:
2168:
2161:
2146:
2141:
2129:. Retrieved
2115:
2090:. Retrieved
2070:
2060:19 September
2058:. Retrieved
2054:the original
2044:
2034:19 September
2032:. Retrieved
1991:
1961:
1956:
1941:
1936:
1924:. Retrieved
1920:the original
1915:
1905:
1876:
1865:. Retrieved
1861:the original
1851:
1838:
1805:. Retrieved
1777:. Retrieved
1773:the original
1763:
1748:
1743:
1708:
1699:
1688:. Retrieved
1679:
1670:
1652:
1637:
1604:Shebaa Farms
1588:
1577:
1569:
1558:
1538:caravanserai
1523:
1518:
1508:
1500:
1493:
1489:
1456:
1450:
1441:
1437:
1427:
1421:
1418:
1413:
1405:
1398:
1392:
1384:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1367:
1343:
1324:
1275:
1254:
1246:
1235:
1225:
1223:
1215:
1213:
1208:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1179:
1162:
1138:
1118:
1114:Soviet Union
1102:
1098:Jabal Hauran
1094:Mount Hermon
1092:villages of
1063:
1043:caravanserai
1041:
1039:
1003:
986:Palaeolithic
983:
889:mm (inches)
580:
571:
567:
561:growing and
543:
519:
505:
489:
483:
480:
456:
407:
404:al-Qunayṭrah
403:
391:
387:
383:
379:
378:
313:
309:
26:
5245: /
5113:Kidmat Tzvi
5083:Bnei Yehuda
5078:Avnei Eitan
5009:Merom Golan
4896:As-Summaqah
4725:Depopulated
4700:Ein Qiniyye
4635:Umm Batinah
4630:al-Suwaysah
4621:al-Qusaybah
4457:Tell Salhab
4452:Tell Rifaat
4252:al-Ruhaybah
4137:al-Masmiyah
4112:al-Mansurah
3972:Jubb Ramlah
3952:al-Jarniyah
3832:al-Ghariyah
3802:Deir Atiyah
3727:Ayn al-Nasr
3717:Ayn Halaqim
3583:al-Sanamayn
3548:al-Qutayfah
3403:Ayn al-Arab
3345:Rif Dimashq
3305:Deir ez-Zor
3281:Governorate
3229:Google Maps
3090:Haaretz.com
3070:13 November
2983:News Letter
2938:(in Arabic)
2773:18 February
2528:17 February
2432:18 February
2341:10 February
1438:News at Ten
1346:Merom Golan
1293:performing
1176:Six-Day War
1121:World War I
1110:Six-Day War
1084:due to the
1066:Circassians
1055:Banu Nu'aym
1016:to western
607:Circassians
583:Circassians
563:pastoralism
484:During the
468:Six-Day War
459:Ottoman era
452:buffer zone
450:-patrolled
314:Qunayṭirawi
211:Subdistrict
187:Governorate
155: /
5260:Categories
5233:35°49′26″E
5230:33°07′32″N
5123:Neot Golan
5093:Givat Yoav
5049:Tel Katzir
4997:Kfar Haruv
4876:Saffuriyah
4848:Khushniyeh
4833:Kafr al-Ma
4828:Kafr Harib
4793:al-Eshshah
4788:Dayr Siras
4502:az-Ziyarah
4462:Tell Tamer
4447:Tell Hamis
4432:al-Tamanah
4412:al-Sukhnah
4332:al-Shajara
4277:al-Sabkhah
4217:al-Qurayya
4177:al-Nasirah
4107:al-Malihah
4027:al-Khafsah
4012:al-Karamah
3992:Kafr Batna
3882:Harbnafsah
3787:Darat Izza
3697:al-Asharah
3682:al-Arishah
3647:Abu Qilqil
3618:al-Thawrah
3613:Tell Abyad
3428:Dayr Hafir
3350:as-Suwayda
3315:al-Hasakah
3100:25 October
3039:August 22,
2693:052135790X
2382:2015-02-13
2331:Al-Monitor
2310:The Jaulân
2206:9004112545
2179:9004112545
2131:August 30,
2092:2015-05-30
1867:2009-11-19
1807:2018-07-26
1779:2014-10-25
1690:2016-06-29
1620:References
1442:The Times'
1430:Peter Snow
1422:The Times'
1022:Saint Paul
994:Mousterian
972:Prehistory
574:eucalyptus
550:Har Bental
411:pronounced
310:Qunayṭrawi
300:Demonym(s)
275:Population
254:Government
5181:Kela Alon
5128:Neve Ativ
5019:Mevo Hama
4968:Ein Zivan
4955:Kibbutzim
4783:Dayr Aziz
4758:Ain Ziwan
4753:Ain Hamra
4688:Populated
4572:Beer Ajam
4497:al-Zirbah
4477:Uqayribat
4247:al-Riqama
4192:al-Qadmus
4142:al-Mazraa
4067:al-Kiswah
4017:al-Kasrah
4007:Kafr Zita
3997:Kafr Nabl
3917:al-Huwash
3872:al-Hamraa
3827:Ghandoura
3822:Ghabaghib
3812:al-Dumayr
3747:Beit Jinn
3677:al-Ariqah
3603:Talkalakh
3573:Salamiyah
3563:as-Safira
3558:al-Rastan
3543:al-Qusayr
3468:Jarabulus
3448:al-Haffah
3438:Duraykish
3383:Abu Kamal
2996:The Times
2950:The Times
2911:The Times
2872:The Times
2859:The Times
2846:The Times
2833:The Times
2802:The Times
2789:The Times
2750:The Times
2737:The Times
2669:The Times
2656:The Times
2614:The Times
1519:The Times
1407:The Times
1258:artillery
1203:2:30 p.m.
1183:8:45 a.m.
1026:Jerusalem
1018:Palestine
1010:Byzantine
990:Levallois
585:from the
502:Etymology
388:Qunaitira
372:eQunaytra
359:Area code
321:Time zone
267:Elevation
246:Destroyed
238:Resettled
5060:Moshavim
4891:Skufiyah
4773:Dabburah
4763:al-Birah
4748:'Ayn Fit
4625:al-Rafid
4607:Masharah
4562:Quneitra
4422:Talbiseh
4417:al-Tabni
4407:al-Susah
4397:al-Suwar
4377:Sirghaya
4292:Saidnaya
4267:Sabburah
4222:Qurqania
4167:Muzayrib
4147:Muhambal
4132:Maskanah
4087:Maaloula
4077:Maabatli
4052:Khanaser
3977:Jindires
3947:Jaramana
3937:al-Jalaa
3912:Huraytan
3892:al-Hirak
3857:al-Hajib
3842:al-Hader
3807:al-Dimas
3772:Busayrah
3722:Ayn Issa
3657:Akhtarin
3628:Zabadani
3523:Qamishli
3374:District
3335:Quneitra
3295:Damascus
3187:Archived
3155:Archived
3125:Archived
3094:Archived
3033:Archived
2966:Archived
2926:Archived
2894:Archived
2891:A/31/218
2592:Archived
2562:Archived
2450:(2002).
2399:(1951).
2373:Archived
2247:Archived
2125:Archived
2101:cite web
2083:Archived
2028:Archived
1827:Archived
1801:Archived
1728:Archived
1705:postmark
1684:Archived
1660:Archived
1593:See also
1400:Le Monde
1395:magazine
1291:Skyhawks
1287:Phantoms
1218:magazine
1082:Bulgaria
1074:Anatolia
1014:Damascus
885:Average
587:Caucasus
491:de facto
463:Damascus
442:between
438:and the
392:Kuneitra
380:Quneitra
306:قنيطراوي
304:Arabic:
215:Quneitra
204:Quneitra
199:District
192:Quneitra
114:Quneitra
81:Quneitra
36:Quneitra
5214:italics
5186:Had Nes
5163:Yonatan
5003:Ma'agan
4974:Ein Gev
4945:Katzrin
4867:Qarahta
4863:Mansura
4853:Khokhah
4843:Khisfin
4818:Jawziah
4715:Mas'ade
4695:Buq'ata
4382:Slinfah
4347:Shathah
4342:Sharran
4302:Saraqib
4287:Sahnaya
4257:al-Saan
4152:Muhasan
4122:Markada
4037:Khasham
3987:al-Qabu
3982:al-Jiza
3907:al-Hawl
3877:Harasta
3847:Hadidah
3817:Furqlus
3792:Darkush
3782:al-Dana
3752:Binnish
3732:Babbila
3687:Armanaz
3640:centres
3623:Yabroud
3608:al-Tall
3578:Salkhad
3538:Qudsaya
3528:Qardaha
3518:Palmyra
3513:an-Nabk
3503:Mhardeh
3498:Mayadin
3423:Darayya
3418:Baniyas
3376:centres
3330:Latakia
3283:centres
2598:22 July
2568:22 July
1926:18 June
1916:Reuters
1736:unispal
1360:of the
1169:Britain
1143:of the
1119:During
1105:Ottoman
1059:Turkmen
1051:Al Fadl
967:History
954:(26.9)
880:(50.4)
875:(41.0)
870:(47.7)
865:(55.2)
860:(59.9)
855:(63.3)
850:(62.4)
845:(59.7)
840:(53.1)
835:(47.1)
830:(41.4)
825:(37.4)
820:(37.0)
810:(59.4)
805:(47.5)
800:(55.9)
795:(65.3)
790:(70.2)
785:(73.9)
780:(72.5)
775:(70.7)
770:(63.5)
765:(56.1)
760:(49.3)
755:(44.6)
750:(43.0)
740:(68.4)
735:(54.0)
730:(64.4)
725:(75.6)
720:(80.4)
715:(84.6)
710:(82.8)
705:(81.7)
700:(74.1)
695:(65.1)
690:(57.4)
685:(52.0)
680:(49.1)
618:Climate
603:Turkmen
591:Turkmen
422:of the
420:capital
368:Website
230:Settled
168:Country
143:35°49′E
140:33°07′N
18:Kenitra
5158:Sha'al
5133:Nimrod
5108:Keshet
5098:Haspin
5073:Ani'am
5014:Metzar
4992:Geshur
4980:El Rom
4922:in the
4906:Za'ura
4881:Shayta
4858:Kisrin
4813:Jabbin
4738:Al-'Al
4705:Ghajar
4587:Kirkis
4567:Bariqa
4472:Thiban
4427:Taldou
4372:Sinjar
4337:Shaqqa
4317:Sawran
4312:Sarrin
4307:Sarmin
4297:Salqin
4262:Saasaa
4242:al-Rai
4232:Rankus
4092:Madaya
4082:Maadan
4042:Kirnaz
4022:Kessab
3932:Jayrud
3902:Hisyah
3767:Bulbul
3667:Arbeen
3588:Shahba
3568:Safita
3533:Qatana
3493:Masyaf
3488:Manbij
3463:Jableh
3413:al-Bab
3398:Atarib
3393:Arihah
3355:Tartus
3290:Aleppo
3193:6 June
3161:6 June
3015:
2723:
2691:
2500:
2477:
2295:
2271:
2227:
2203:
2176:
2153:
1999:
1948:
1755:
1644:
1354:Hebrew
1350:Keshet
1299:napalm
1210:fight.
1165:France
1123:, the
949:(6.1)
944:(2.7)
939:(0.7)
934:(0.0)
919:(0.0)
914:(0.7)
909:(1.2)
904:(3.9)
899:(5.1)
894:(6.5)
631:Month
444:Israel
396:Arabic
382:(also
220:Region
177:
5153:Ramot
5103:Kanaf
5088:Eliad
5036:Ortal
5031:Natur
4986:Gadot
4808:Hatal
4803:Hafar
4778:Dalwa
4743:Almin
4668:Sayda
4592:Jabah
4577:Hader
4548:Syria
4467:Tedef
4437:Tasil
4402:Suran
4387:Suluk
4322:Sebei
4282:Sadad
4207:Qarah
4117:Mare'
4102:Malah
4097:Mahin
3957:Jasim
3927:Ihsim
3862:Hajin
3777:Da'el
3762:Bosra
3737:Banan
3692:Arwad
3672:Arima
3662:Amuda
3458:Izra'
3453:Harem
3433:Douma
3388:Afrin
3340:Raqqa
3325:Idlib
3300:Daraa
2376:(PDF)
2369:XVIII
2361:(PDF)
2086:(PDF)
2079:(PDF)
1584:UNDOF
1331:Likud
1297:with
1090:Druze
1070:Sivas
1068:from
1006:Roman
670:Year
599:Arabs
595:Arabs
559:wheat
428:Syria
390:, or
347:UTC+3
326:UTC+2
294:4,318
290:Metro
180:Syria
5192:HaOn
5143:Odem
5042:Snir
4963:Afik
4937:Town
4367:Shin
4227:Rajo
4187:Nubl
4182:Nawa
3897:Hish
3408:Azaz
3320:Homs
3310:Hama
3195:2013
3163:2013
3133:2014
3102:2014
3072:2012
3041:2018
3013:ISBN
2775:2008
2721:ISBN
2689:ISBN
2639:2008
2600:2018
2570:2018
2530:2008
2498:ISBN
2475:ISBN
2434:2008
2343:2017
2293:ISBN
2269:ISBN
2225:ISBN
2201:ISBN
2174:ISBN
2151:ISBN
2133:2018
2107:link
2062:2016
2036:2016
1997:ISBN
1946:ISBN
1928:2015
1753:ISBN
1642:ISBN
1553:and
1451:The
1393:Time
1333:and
1289:and
1236:The
1226:Time
1216:Time
1167:and
1151:and
1078:Acre
1053:and
1048:Arab
1008:and
992:and
929:(0)
924:(0)
878:10.2
863:12.9
858:15.5
853:17.4
848:16.9
843:15.4
838:11.7
808:15.2
798:13.3
793:18.5
788:21.2
783:23.3
778:22.5
773:21.5
768:17.5
763:13.4
738:20.2
733:12.2
728:18.0
723:24.2
718:26.9
713:29.2
708:28.2
703:27.6
698:23.4
693:18.4
688:14.1
683:11.1
667:Dec
664:Nov
661:Oct
658:Sep
655:Aug
652:Jul
649:Jun
646:May
643:Apr
640:Mar
637:Feb
634:Jan
605:and
593:and
351:EEST
249:1974
241:1873
5138:Nov
4798:Fiq
4546:of
3707:Awj
3443:Fiq
2024:T24
1233:."
1131:).
1072:in
952:684
947:155
897:129
892:165
873:5.0
868:8.7
833:8.4
828:5.2
823:3.0
818:2.8
803:8.6
758:9.6
753:7.0
748:6.1
678:9.5
406:or
340:DST
330:EET
312:or
283:153
5262::
3179:.
3123:.
3119:.
3088:.
3058:.
2932:.
2879:^
2817:.
2699:^
2683:,
2647:^
2586:.
2560:.
2556:.
2516:.
2485:^
2460:^
2420:.
2409:^
2367:.
2363:.
2329:.
2318:^
2242:.
2103:}}
2099:{{
2081:.
2022:.
2011:^
1969:^
1914:.
1889:^
1816:^
1788:^
1716:^
1682:.
1678:.
1627:^
1240:,
1155:.
1116:.
1020:.
942:69
937:17
912:18
907:31
902:98
565:.
454:.
448:UN
402:,
398::
394:;
386:,
363:43
308:,
4536:e
4529:t
4522:v
3258:e
3251:t
3244:v
3231:)
3227:(
3197:.
3165:.
3135:.
3104:.
3074:.
3043:.
2961:"
2777:.
2641:.
2602:.
2572:.
2532:.
2436:.
2385:.
2345:.
2277:.
2209:.
2182:.
2135:.
2109:)
2095:.
2064:.
2038:.
2005:.
1930:.
1870:.
1810:.
1782:.
1738:.
1723:"
1693:.
1402:'
932:1
927:0
922:0
917:1
353:)
349:(
342:)
332:)
328:(
24:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
