42:
501:
566:
490:
622:
Both decisions proved highly controversial. The first elicited anger from the non-Indigenous fishing community for giving seemingly-complete immunity to
Indigenous peoples to fish. The second decision, which was claimed to be an "elaboration," was seen as a retreat from the first decision and angered
590:
In 1999, the court of appeal heard the
Marshall case, indicated that the trial judge had made an error in law and overturned the decision (p. 89). The appeal judge Justice Binnie, stated that the trial judge's error was in not focusing attention on the Maliseet–British treaty of 1 February 1760.
623:
Indigenous communities. The second decision was issued on a motion for re-hearing the case brought by fishermen's associations in which the court elaborated in particular about such things as the relationship between treaty rights and conservation that had been more implicit in the first decision.
606:
Cameron argues, among other things, that the
Supreme Court was wrong in asserting that it was being asked to decide on the rights of all Mi'kmaq. He holds that the courts were being asked to decide only on the right of an individual Mi'kmaq from Cape Breton, Donald Marshall.
924:
934:
599:
A 2009 book by a former Nova Scotia crown attorney, Alex M Cameron, who had argued similar cases for the
Province against Indigenous logging, was sharply critical of the Supreme Court's decision in
587:
and that federal fishery regulations governing a closed fishing season and the regulating and the requirement of licences to fish and sell the catch would infringe the treaty right.
603:. Other commentators, including Greg Flynn (2010), and Dianne Pothier (2010), have seen Alex Cameron's analysis as lacking "nuance and balance," and as being "fundamentally flawed"
866:
619:
elaborated the extension of
Indigenous treaty rights stating that they are still subject to regulation when conservation is proven to be a concern or other public interests.
1272:
1440:
990:
914:
775:
Dianne
Pothier, "Book Review of Alex M. Cameron, Power Without Law: The Supreme Court of Canada, the Marshall Decisions, and the Failure of Judicial Activism", 33
647:
1041:
529:
426:
93:
1223:
859:
616:
1328:
150:
476:
1523:
681:
451:
355:
852:
325:
320:
122:
239:
88:
637:
522:
1293:
1216:
494:
219:
110:
1433:
919:
569:
The case recognized the traditional role of fishing in Mi'kmaq culture. Shown is a seagoing canoe used for fishing and transport.
1419:
1167:
739:
229:
105:
1554:
1265:
1179:
664:
335:
244:
209:
173:
1549:
808:
642:
515:
456:
350:
267:
234:
199:
1466:
214:
1035:
1544:
749:
272:
83:
471:
1211:
461:
184:
1199:
904:
691:
194:
145:
1258:
888:
Note: "Aboriginal law" refers to
Canadian law dealing with Indigenous peoples; "Indigenous law" refers to the
373:
1286:
1173:
984:
675:
398:
393:
345:
155:
100:
834:
824:
787:
Power
Without Law: The Supreme Court of Canada, the Marshall Decisions, and the Failure of Judicial Activism
770:
Power without law: The
Supreme Court of Canada, the Marshall decisions, and the failure of judicial activism
1029:
388:
340:
31:
1471:
1083:
1185:
909:
282:
1307:
330:
20:
19:
This article is about the 1999 decisions by the
Supreme Court of Canada. For the 2005 decision, see
1003:
686:
308:
1458:
1053:
972:
879:
875:
652:
554:
140:
52:
956:
1205:
798:
1244:
41:
8:
844:
632:
580:
313:
1509:
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66:
1447:
1090:
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804:
745:
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204:
1426:
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1023:
996:
584:
571:
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403:
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115:
1321:
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466:
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300:
1538:
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1342:
978:
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189:
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1349:
277:
160:
1504:
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383:
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1300:
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166:
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1141:
1047:
262:
179:
780:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
800:
Mi'kmaq Treaties on Trial: History, Land and Donald Marshall Junior
936:
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act
1391:
1497:
59:
874:
915:
Section 25 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
585:
1760 and 1761 treaties between the Mi'kmaq and Britain
648:
The Canadian Crown and First Nations, Inuit and Métis
1014:
557:on a single case regarding a treaty right to fish.
785:Greg Flynn, 2010. Book Review of Alex M. Cameron,
1524:Index of articles related to Indigenous Canadians
682:Section Thirty-five of the Constitution Act, 1982
1536:
583:'s catching and selling of eels was valid under
1224:Ongoing treaty negotiations in British Columbia
860:
523:
925:Section 91(24) of the Constitution Act, 1867
553:3 S.C.R. 533 are two decisions given by the
867:
853:
638:Burying the Hatchet ceremony (Nova Scotia)
579:The Court held in the first decision that
530:
516:
920:Section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982
564:
16:Judgement of the Supreme Court of Canada
1420:St Catharines Milling and Lumber Co v R
1168:James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement
741:The Marshall Decision and Native Rights
1537:
1294:Native Women's Assn of Canada v Canada
796:
737:
665:Indian Health Transfer Policy (Canada)
174:Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada
1434:Tsilhqot'in Nation v British Columbia
848:
200:Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women
1245:Attorney General of Canada v Lavell
13:
762:
719:Dianne Pothier, 2010, pp 190, 191.
14:
1566:
1266:Chippewas of Sarnia Band v Canada
818:
781:https://ssrn.com/abstract=2130714
610:
560:
892:of individual Indigenous groups.
772:. Montreal: McGill-Queens. 2009.
499:
488:
40:
1200:Duty to consult and accommodate
1036:Lake Simcoe–Lake Huron Purchase
905:Aboriginal land title in Canada
803:. University of Toronto Press.
146:British Columbia Treaty Process
791:Canadian Public Administration
731:
722:
713:
704:
1:
1555:Supreme Court of Canada cases
1287:Delgamuukw v British Columbia
1174:Nunavut Land Claims Agreement
985:Peace and Friendship Treaties
697:
676:R. v. Marshall; R. v. Bernard
594:
1550:Canadian Aboriginal case law
1030:Penetanguishene Bay Purchase
710:Dianne Pothier, 2010, p 189.
692:2020 Mi'kmaq lobster dispute
643:Canadian Aboriginal case law
615:In its second decision, the
151:Crown and Indigenous peoples
7:
1084:Gradual Enfranchisement Act
797:Wicken, William C. (2002).
626:
389:Indigenous English Dialects
10:
1571:
910:Royal Proclamation of 1763
18:
1545:1999 in Canadian case law
1519:
1457:
1308:R v Marshall; R v Bernard
1259:Calder v British Columbia
1236:
1073:
954:
945:
897:
886:
728:Cameron, 2009. Pp 61, 62.
495:Indigenous North Americas
21:R v Marshall; R v Bernard
1459:Indigenous customary law
1004:Gradual Civilization Act
991:Treaties of Fort Niagara
687:Treaty Day (Nova Scotia)
273:Indigenous personalities
1329:Paul v British Columbia
1186:Nisga'a Final Agreement
1054:Saugeen Tract Agreement
973:Great Peace of Montreal
653:Exclusive Economic Zone
555:Supreme Court of Canada
948:governmental relations
576:
777:Dalhousie Law Journal
568:
1042:Huron Tract Purchase
793:, 53 (no. 2), p 289.
738:Coates, Ken (2000).
399:Aboriginal syllabics
374:Indigenous languages
876:Canadian Aboriginal
839:R v Marshall (No 2)
829:R v Marshall (No 1)
633:Burnt Church Crisis
550:R v Marshall (No 2)
544:R v Marshall (No 1)
427:Traditional beliefs
268:Indigenous cultures
111:Residential schools
101:Settler colonialism
1482:Great Law of Peace
1206:Jordan's Principle
1074:Post-Confederation
1062:(1850, 1854, 1859)
577:
32:Indigenous peoples
1532:
1531:
1448:Restoule v Canada
1273:Corbiere v Canada
1232:
1231:
1091:Numbered Treaties
1069:
1068:
1060:Robinson Treaties
810:978-0-8020-7665-6
768:Alex M. Cameron.
670:Numbered Treaties
547:3 S.C.R. 456 and
540:
539:
506:Canada portal
452:Index of articles
205:Numbered Treaties
1562:
1441:Daniels v Canada
1427:R v Van der Peet
1280:Daniels v Canada
1024:Toronto Purchase
1012:
1011:
997:Douglas Treaties
952:
951:
869:
862:
855:
846:
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814:
756:
755:
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572:Atlantic Neptune
532:
525:
518:
504:
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492:
491:
210:Royal Commission
116:Indian hospitals
89:Pre-colonization
44:
28:
27:
1570:
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1565:
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1535:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1515:
1467:Self-government
1453:
1336:Paulette Caveat
1228:
1217:specific claims
1208:(proposed 2005)
1193:Paix des Braves
1075:
1065:
1016:
1010:
959:
947:
941:
893:
882:
873:
821:
811:
765:
763:Further reading
760:
759:
752:
744:. p. 128.
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709:
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700:
629:
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581:Donald Marshall
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379:Inuit languages
369:
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301:Indian reserves
296:
288:
287:
258:
250:
249:
220:Specific claims
215:Self-government
176:
136:
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79:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1322:Mitchell v MNR
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1197:
1189:
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1177:
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1165:
1159:
1158:(1876–present)
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967:Covenant Chain
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949:
943:
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907:
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898:Sources of law
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894:
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880:Indigenous law
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871:
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857:
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819:External links
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1399:R v Pamajewon
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1370:Gladue report
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1357:R v Gladstone
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979:Nanfan Treaty
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958:
957:Confederation
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946:Treaties and
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930:Treaty rights
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890:customary law
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409:Inuit grammar
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356:Pacific Coast
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50:
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26:
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1493:Pittailiniit
1491:
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1425:
1418:
1411:
1404:
1397:
1390:
1383:
1378:R v Gonzales
1376:
1362:
1355:
1350:R v Drybones
1348:
1341:
1334:
1327:
1320:
1315:R v Marshall
1314:
1313:
1306:
1299:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1271:
1264:
1257:
1250:
1243:
1202:(since 2004)
1191:
1153:
1093:(1871–1921)
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1015:Upper Canada
1002:
935:
838:
828:
799:
790:
786:
776:
769:
740:
733:
724:
715:
706:
674:
657:
621:
614:
605:
601:R v Marshall
600:
598:
589:
578:
570:
549:
548:
543:
542:
541:
295:Demographics
278:Country food
165:
161:Idle No More
65:
58:
51:
25:
1510:Plains Cree
1505:Wahkohtowin
1406:R v Sparrow
1212:Land claims
1162:White Paper
1087:(1869–1876)
1076:(post-1867)
1007:(1857–1869)
993:(1764–1784)
987:(1725–1779)
779:189, 2010
404:Chinuk pipa
384:Chinuk Wawa
368:Linguistics
351:Territories
321:Atlantic CA
185:Land claims
1539:Categories
1413:Re Eskimos
1385:R v Guerin
1364:R v Gladue
1301:Kruger v R
1252:R v Badger
1155:Indian Act
960:(pre-1867)
841:via CanLII
831:via CanLII
698:References
659:Indian Act
595:Commentary
457:Indigenous
195:Land title
167:Indian Act
1048:Treaty 45
999:(1850–54)
835:Full text
825:Full text
575:, ca 1770
421:Religions
180:Land Back
34:in Canada
1237:Case law
1017:treaties
627:See also
245:Politics
235:Case law
230:Genocide
135:Politics
106:Genocide
94:Genetics
84:Timeline
1476:Miꞌkmaq
1392:R v Jim
969:(1670s)
257:Culture
78:History
1196:(2002)
1188:(1998)
1182:(1995)
1176:(1993)
1170:(1975)
1164:(1969)
1056:(1836)
1050:(1836)
1044:(1827)
1038:(1815)
1032:(1798)
1026:(1787)
981:(1701)
975:(1701)
807:
748:
1498:Inuit
477:Stubs
472:Métis
467:Inuit
446:Index
314:Métis
283:Music
67:Métis
60:Inuit
1180:RCAP
955:Pre-
878:and
837:for
827:for
805:ISBN
746:ISBN
394:NAPA
305:AB
263:Art
1541::
1147:11
1142:10
789:.
346:SK
341:QC
336:ON
331:MB
326:BC
309:FN
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868:e
861:t
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531:e
524:t
517:v
23:.
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