24:
209:(died 1242). The compilation says the following about her: "The daughter of Ka'b, although she was a woman, was superior to men in accomplishments. She possessed great intelligence and sharp temperament. She used to continuously play the game of love and admired beautiful youths." Rabia is amongst the thirty-five female Sufis mentioned in the 15th-century Persian work
238:("the story of the chieftain of Balkh and his daughter's falling in love"). The story narrates Rabia's love affair with Bektash, a slave of her brother Haris, and concludes with the death of both Rabia and Bektash. Attar does not use the name "Rabia" either when referring to her, and instead calls her
249:
figure, being portrayed by Awfi as a "boy-chasing intelligent woman", and was only later portrayed as a mystic poet by authors such as Attar and Jami. Dabashi notes that Rabia later became a "semi-legendary figure who putatively wrote her last poems with her blood on the prison walls of the jail in
2805:
Contemporary
Persian and Classical Persian are the same language, but writers since 1900 are classified as contemporary. At one time, Persian was a common cultural language of much of the non-Arabic Islamic world. Today it is the official language of
242:("the ornament of the Arabs"). He reports that she was so attractive that it was almost impossible to describe her beauty. Francois de Blois dismisses Attar's story, considering it to have "no value as a biographical source" for Rabia.
116:
She is known by various names, Rabia Balkhi, Rabia al-Quzdar (or
Khuzdari), and anonymously as a "daughter of Ka'b". Most of her life is considered to be obscure. Rabia was said to have been descended from an
297:, but according to Krista Geneviéve Lynes "also in the figuration of a proto-feminist political agency, one that in many respects resembles the ethnical call for justice in
289:
through various schools, hospitals, and roads being named after her. Women consider her to serve as a replacement for their lost voice. The 1974 Afghan film
2314:
3473:
250:
which she had been incarcerated because of her love for a slave named
Bektash." Her love story with Bektash encouraged the 19th-century writer
3453:
2847:
749:
802:
155:, which the modern historian Tahera Aftab considers to indirectly support Rabia's connection to Khuzdar. According to the Iranologist
62:), was a 10th-century writer who composed poetry in Persian and Arabic. She is the first known female poet to write in Persian.
3488:
3478:
610:
564:
217:(died 1492). Referring her as the "daughter of Ka'b", Jami narrates the story through the prominent Sufi master and poet,
3468:
718:
697:
632:
540:
521:
3432:
2840:
1185:
797:
742:
3483:
3463:
2776:
2207:
1750:
3138:
1847:
1348:
857:
643:
3458:
1955:
3493:
3357:
2951:
3254:
3163:
3158:
2833:
2639:
1648:
1127:
735:
218:
196:, which according to the Iranologist Francois de Blois demonstrates her enthusiasm for bilingual tricks.
3279:
862:
707:
Hillmann, Michael Craig (2022). "Use of
Translations of Classic Persian Poems in the Study of Persian".
3058:
2921:
1930:
1734:
3352:
3208:
3063:
1960:
877:
821:
302:
126:
3113:
3043:
2886:
2876:
2460:
2403:
2344:
1408:
1231:
322:
Also transliterated as Rabi'a Balkhi, Rabe'eh Balkhi (or
Qozdari), and Rabe'a of Balkh (or Qozdar).
77:(died 1492). She became a semi-legendary figure, famous for her love story with the slave Bektash.
3427:
3053:
2931:
2881:
2725:
2329:
2324:
2309:
2220:
1718:
3168:
3068:
3038:
3017:
2992:
2177:
1726:
1635:
1441:
251:
3347:
3123:
2966:
2570:
2398:
2375:
2230:
1977:
1147:
918:
837:
533:
Persian
Literature - A Bio-Bibliographical Survey: Poetry of the Pre-Mongol Period (Volume V)
294:
278:
270:
97:
85:
28:
3203:
3198:
3183:
3178:
3118:
3103:
2956:
2610:
2475:
2455:
2393:
2152:
1822:
1477:
1462:
1392:
1371:
1353:
1298:
1180:
1111:
994:
787:
782:
771:
594:
8:
3093:
2941:
2535:
2274:
2192:
2044:
2029:
1945:
1852:
1809:
1643:
1306:
689:
Mihrî Hatun: Performance, Gender-Bending, and
Subversion in Ottoman Intellectual History
3387:
3372:
3098:
2891:
2679:
2664:
2634:
2495:
2339:
2080:
1998:
1885:
1867:
1358:
1259:
1014:
953:
908:
867:
852:
758:
226:
69:
poet, her imagery was later transformed into that of a mystic poet by authors such as
3402:
3377:
3274:
3007:
2745:
2684:
2590:
2555:
2540:
2525:
2436:
2299:
2212:
2172:
2157:
2075:
2070:
1983:
1890:
1842:
1574:
1426:
1363:
1216:
1160:
989:
832:
714:
693:
659:
644:"From ʿĀʾesha to Nur Jahān: The Shaping of a Classical Persian Poetic Canon of Women"
628:
606:
560:
536:
517:
231:
133:
70:
3422:
3417:
3289:
2926:
2857:
2766:
2595:
2585:
2545:
2530:
2510:
2490:
2485:
2418:
2294:
2261:
2197:
2095:
2090:
1925:
1837:
1804:
1582:
1472:
1254:
897:
655:
651:
122:
47:
175:(died 940/41), and is the first known Persian woman poet. She felt strongly about
3073:
2781:
2740:
2699:
2605:
2560:
2520:
2319:
2284:
2245:
2240:
2187:
1940:
1915:
1895:
1872:
1862:
1817:
1680:
1611:
1398:
1335:
1244:
1221:
1211:
1155:
1082:
913:
708:
687:
598:
554:
511:
130:
39:
245:
The modern historian Sunil Sharma notes that Rabia initially started out as non-
3407:
3397:
3304:
3238:
3228:
3153:
3133:
3022:
2750:
2735:
2730:
2720:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2629:
2600:
2565:
2500:
2480:
2470:
2413:
2349:
2304:
2289:
2167:
2132:
2100:
2060:
2039:
2034:
2019:
1950:
1935:
1832:
1702:
1667:
1521:
1431:
1290:
1095:
201:
148:
3447:
3412:
3382:
3309:
3012:
2786:
2771:
2694:
2689:
2674:
2669:
2644:
2505:
2465:
2383:
2235:
2225:
2202:
2182:
2085:
2014:
1965:
1900:
1857:
1619:
1534:
1511:
1506:
1436:
1418:
1403:
1388:
1384:
1311:
1226:
1132:
1103:
1066:
1040:
999:
887:
550:
156:
3264:
3223:
3188:
2961:
2946:
2704:
2580:
2550:
2388:
2354:
2279:
2269:
2162:
2116:
1973:
1910:
1827:
1672:
1624:
1603:
1566:
1550:
1526:
1501:
1376:
1343:
1170:
1119:
892:
847:
277:. The shrine was renovated between 2012 and 2016. She is celebrated in the
205:, a compilation of Persian poets made by the 12th and 13th-century writer
3392:
3233:
3218:
3213:
3193:
3173:
2911:
2896:
2871:
2815:
2575:
2428:
2408:
2334:
2024:
1920:
1877:
1598:
872:
488:
274:
180:
160:
145:
141:
93:
3362:
3269:
3143:
3128:
3108:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3048:
2987:
2936:
2901:
2811:
2515:
2423:
2370:
1905:
1330:
1239:
1190:
1175:
1142:
1090:
1074:
1061:
1004:
882:
266:
179:, and composed poetry in Persian and Arabic. The 14th-century poet and
151:
dismissed the narrative that Rabia's father was an Arab who ruled over
81:
1264:
3148:
3002:
2916:
2825:
1457:
983:
792:
727:
620:
605:. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 119–121.
603:
Encyclopædia
Iranica, Volume XII/2: Hedāyat al-mota'allemin–Herat VII
574:
298:
246:
108:
through various schools, hospitals, and roads being named after her.
66:
663:
3294:
2997:
2971:
2906:
1542:
1249:
1022:
979:
282:
101:
23:
3367:
2065:
1271:
1195:
1137:
842:
188:
186:
states that Rabia wrote a
Persian poem which used Arabic for the
183:
137:
136:
considered her last name, Quzdari, to connect her to the city of
3319:
3284:
3259:
1710:
1482:
1279:
1045:
1035:
1030:
974:
969:
265:
Rabia's shrine is located in the mausoleum of the 15th-century
176:
172:
3329:
1742:
1467:
1165:
573:
494:
152:
118:
89:
3324:
3299:
2807:
1516:
1413:
449:
286:
221:(died 1049), reporting that she fell in love with a slave.
214:
206:
105:
80:
Her shrine is located in the mausoleum of the 15th-century
74:
478:
476:
437:
386:
376:
374:
361:
359:
357:
710:
The
Routledge Handbook of Persian Literary Translation
427:
425:
344:
342:
340:
338:
473:
461:
398:
371:
354:
224:
A romanticized version of this story appears in the
422:
410:
335:
31:(died 1460), where Rabia Balkhi's shrine is located
273:(died 1460) in the city of Balkh, now present-day
3445:
236:Hikayat Amir-i Balkh wa ashiq shudan dukhtar-i o
798:Inscription of Xerxes the Great in Van Fortress
513:Sufi Women of South Asia: Veiled Friends of God
171:Rabia lived during the same period as the poet
2841:
743:
2848:
2834:
803:Achaemenid inscription in the Kharg Island
750:
736:
262:, which tells the story of the two pairs.
254:(died 1871) to write the romantic epic of
2814:and one of the two official languages of
685:
706:
592:
455:
22:
549:
443:
404:
365:
3446:
2855:
757:
641:
556:The World of Persian Literary Humanism
380:
293:not only played a central role in the
3474:10th-century Persian-language writers
2829:
1774:
935:
819:
769:
731:
619:
530:
509:
482:
467:
431:
416:
392:
348:
213:, a biographical compilation made by
3454:10th-century Persian-language poets
575:"Khwaja Parsa Complex Conservation"
51:
43:
13:
679:
14:
3505:
838:Counsels of Adurbad-e Mahrspandan
495:Khwaja Parsa Complex Conservation
234:(died 1221), under a story named
1775:
660:10.1163/187470909X12535030823698
2777:Mohammad Ebrahim Bastani Parizi
2208:Mohammad Hanif (Iranian writer)
713:. Routledge. pp. 334–385.
1848:Mahmoud Mosharraf Azad Tehrani
858:Karnamak-i Artaxshir-i Papakan
316:
1:
3489:Poets from the Samanid Empire
1956:Mohammad-Reza Shafiei Kadkani
1186:Abu'l Hasan Mihyar al-Daylami
936:
692:. Syracuse University Press.
648:Journal of Persianate Studies
625:History of Iranian Literature
329:
111:
3479:Persian-language women poets
1751:Mahmud Khan Malek al-Sho'ara
559:. Harvard University Press.
166:
7:
1649:Mohammad Qoli Salim Tehrani
531:Blois, Francois de (2004).
121:family that had settled in
96:. She is celebrated in the
88:(died 1460) in the city of
10:
3510:
3469:10th-century women writers
1735:Mirza Mohammad Taqi Sepehr
820:
593:Losensky, Paul E. (2003).
503:
3338:
3247:
3031:
2980:
2864:
2803:
2759:
2713:
2619:
2445:
2363:
2254:
2145:
2125:
2109:
2053:
2007:
1991:
1961:Mohammad-Hossein Shahriar
1798:
1785:
1781:
1770:
1695:
1660:
1591:
1559:
1494:
1487:Emad al-Din Faqih Kermani
1450:
1323:
1204:
1054:
962:
946:
942:
931:
878:Shahrestanha-ye Eranshahr
828:
815:
778:
765:
686:Havlioglu, Didem (2017).
18:10th-century Persian poet
2376:Mirza Fatali Akhundzadeh
1409:Zartosht Bahram e Pazhdo
1232:Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi
1128:Fakhruddin As'ad Gurgani
788:Old Persian inscriptions
627:. Springer Netherlands.
595:"Hedayat, Reżāqoli Khan"
309:
3428:Ahmad ibn Nizam al-Mulk
3408:Minhaj al-Siraj Juzjani
2726:Houshang Moradi Kermani
2330:Houshang Moradi Kermani
2325:Jaafar Modarres-Sadeghi
2310:Mohammad-Ali Jamalzadeh
2221:Zeyn al-Abedin Maraghei
1719:Zayn al-Abidin Shirvani
1685:Abbas Foroughi Bastami
770:
3484:Persian-language poets
3464:Medieval Iranian women
3358:Abu'l-Ma'ali Nasrallah
3353:Abu'l-Hasan Isfarayini
3039:Abu Dawud al-Sijistani
2178:Ghassem Hashemi Nezhad
1727:Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat
1340:Shams al-Din Qays Razi
1083:Khwaja Abdullah Ansari
642:Sharma, Sunil (2009).
510:Aftab, Tahera (2022).
252:Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat
32:
3255:Abu Sa'id Abu'l-Khayr
3139:Ibn Tayfour Sajawandi
2967:Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi
2877:Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi
2714:Children's literature
2571:Rasoul Mollagholipour
2461:Rakhshan Bani-E'temad
2404:Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi
2399:Alireza Koushk Jalali
2345:Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi
2231:Shahriyar Mandanipour
1463:Shah Ni'matullah Wali
1307:Kamal al-Din Esfahani
1148:Ayn-al-Quzat Hamadani
919:Shikand-gumanig Vizar
902:Anthology of Zadspram
295:cinema of the country
271:Khwaja Abu Nasr Parsa
219:Abu Sa'id Abu'l-Khayr
199:Rabia appears in the
86:Khwaja Abu Nasr Parsa
29:Khwaja Abu Nasr Parsa
26:
3459:People from Khorasan
3363:Abu Muslim Khorasani
3069:Abu Qasim Samarqandi
3059:Abu Layth Samarqandi
2957:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
2932:Abu Ja'far al-Khazin
2611:Sohrab Shahid-Saless
2476:Pouran Derakhshandeh
2456:Mohammad Reza Aslani
2394:Amir Reza Koohestani
2153:Ali Mohammad Afghani
1823:Mohammad Reza Aslani
1478:Fazlallah Astarabadi
1354:Afdal al-Din Kashani
1349:Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī
1299:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
1181:Afdal al-Din Kashani
995:Abu Tahir Khosrovani
783:Behistun Inscription
279:Balochistan province
98:Balochistan province
3494:10th-century births
2536:Varuzh Karim-Masihi
2275:Abolhassan Etessami
2193:Mahmoud Dowlatabadi
2045:Abdul Ali Mustaghni
2030:Khalilullah Khalili
1970:Manouchehr Sheybani
1946:Tahereh Saffarzadeh
1853:Mohammad-Taqi Bahar
1810:Mehdi Akhavan-Sales
1442:Zu'l-Fiqar Shirvani
1287:Faramarz-e Khodadad
873:Shabuhragan of Mani
458:, pp. 119–121.
395:, pp. 206–207.
3348:Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi
3229:Tha'labi Nishapuri
3044:Abu Barakat Nasafi
2872:Abu Hatam Isfizari
2680:Ebrahim Pourdavoud
2665:Ahmad Kamyabi Mask
2635:Najaf Daryabandari
2496:Behrouz Gharibpour
2340:Shahrnush Parsipur
2315:Aboutorab Khosravi
2217:Aboutorab Khosravi
2081:Gulrukhsor Safieva
1999:Edward Haghverdian
1653:Rasa Salim Tehrani
1372:Abu'l Majd Tabrizi
1359:Fakhr-al-Din Iraqi
1015:Abusaeid Abolkheir
954:Muhammad ibn Wasif
909:Zand-i Wahman yasn
868:Dana-i Menog Khrat
853:Book of Arda Viraf
759:Persian literature
285:, Afghanistan and
104:, Afghanistan and
92:, now present-day
33:
3441:
3440:
3403:Khalid ibn Barmak
3378:Ata-Malik Juvayni
3341:political figures
3248:Poets and artists
3104:Fatima Samarqandi
3008:Haji Bektash Veli
2887:Abu Ubayd Juzjani
2823:
2822:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2746:Farhad Hasanzadeh
2685:Hamid Samandarian
2626:Amrollah Abjadian
2591:Fereydoun Rahnema
2556:Mohsen Makhmalbaf
2541:Samuel Khachikian
2526:Ebrahim Hatamikia
2437:Mohammad Yaghoubi
2433:Mirza Aqa Tabrizi
2300:Houshang Golshiri
2213:Houshang Golshiri
2173:Mahshid Amirshahi
2158:Ghazaleh Alizadeh
2141:
2140:
2076:Abolqasem Lahouti
2071:Iskandar Khatloni
1984:Fereydoon Moshiri
1931:Mohammad Mokhtari
1891:Forugh Farrokhzad
1843:Manouchehr Atashi
1766:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1755:
1747:
1739:
1731:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1688:
1677:
1640:
1636:Abdul-Qādir Bēdil
1629:
1616:
1608:
1579:
1575:Mohtasham Kashani
1571:
1547:
1539:
1531:
1427:Nozhat al-Majales
1423:
1381:
1368:
1364:Mahmud Shabistari
1331:Abu Tahir Tarsusi
1316:
1303:
1295:
1284:
1276:
1268:
1236:
1217:Suzani Samarqandi
1161:Abu-al-Faraj Runi
1152:
1124:
1116:
1112:Masud Sa'd Salman
1108:
1100:
1087:
1079:
1071:
1027:
1019:
990:Abu Shakur Balkhi
927:
926:
863:Cube of Zoroaster
833:Ayadgar-i Zariran
811:
810:
612:978-0-933273-75-7
566:978-0-674-06759-2
446:, pp. 89–90.
232:Attar of Nishapur
230:of the Sufi poet
134:Vladimir Minorsky
71:Attar of Nishapur
27:The mausoleum of
3501:
3433:Shihab al-Nasawi
3418:Tahir ibn Husayn
3290:Farrukhi Sistani
3265:Aruzi Samarqandi
3064:Abu Mu'in Nasafi
3032:Islamic scholars
2850:
2843:
2836:
2827:
2826:
2767:Aydin Aghdashloo
2596:Rasul Sadr Ameli
2586:Kambuzia Partovi
2546:Abbas Kiarostami
2531:Abdolreza Kahani
2511:Ebrahim Golestan
2491:Farrokh Ghaffari
2486:Bahman Farmanara
2419:Abbas Nalbandian
2295:Ebrahim Golestan
2262:Jalal Al-e-Ahmad
2198:Soudabeh Fazaeli
2096:Mirzo Tursunzoda
2091:Payrav Sulaymoni
1926:Shams Langeroodi
1882:Parviz Eslampour
1838:Aminollah Rezaei
1805:Ahmadreza Ahmadi
1796:
1795:
1783:
1782:
1772:
1771:
1753:
1745:
1737:
1729:
1721:
1713:
1705:
1686:
1675:
1644:Naw'i Khabushani
1638:
1627:
1614:
1606:
1577:
1569:
1545:
1537:
1529:
1473:Abu Ali Qalandar
1421:
1379:
1366:
1314:
1301:
1293:
1282:
1274:
1262:
1255:Najm al-Din Razi
1234:
1150:
1122:
1114:
1106:
1098:
1085:
1077:
1069:
1025:
1017:
944:
943:
933:
932:
898:Dadestan-i Denig
817:
816:
767:
766:
752:
745:
738:
729:
728:
724:
703:
675:
673:
671:
666:on 3 August 2022
662:. Archived from
638:
616:
599:Yarshater, Ehsan
589:
587:
585:
570:
546:
527:
498:
492:
486:
480:
471:
465:
459:
453:
447:
441:
435:
429:
420:
414:
408:
402:
396:
390:
384:
378:
369:
363:
352:
346:
323:
320:
73:(died 1221) and
56:Rabia al-Quzdari
54:) also known as
53:
45:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3388:Abu Ali Bal'ami
3373:Ali-Shir Nava'i
3340:
3334:
3275:Attar Nishapuri
3243:
3124:Hakim Nishapuri
3054:Abu Hafs Nasafi
3027:
2976:
2892:Abu Zayd Balkhi
2860:
2854:
2824:
2819:
2791:
2782:Ehsan Yarshater
2755:
2741:Poopak NikTalab
2709:
2700:Ahmad Tafazzoli
2615:
2606:Parviz Shahbazi
2561:Dariush Mehrjui
2521:Abolfazl Jalili
2441:
2359:
2320:Mostafa Mastoor
2285:Simin Daneshvar
2250:
2246:Iraj Pezeshkzad
2241:Mansour Koushan
2188:Simin Daneshvar
2137:
2121:
2105:
2049:
2003:
1987:
1978:She'r-e Nimaa'i
1941:Yadollah Royaee
1916:Siavash Kasraie
1896:Hossein Monzavi
1886:Parvin E'tesami
1873:Hushang Ebtehaj
1863:Simin Behbahani
1818:Qeysar Aminpour
1794:
1777:
1758:
1691:
1681:Neshat Esfahani
1656:
1612:Asir-e Esfahani
1587:
1555:
1490:
1446:
1399:Bahram-e-Pazhdo
1336:Awhadi Maraghai
1319:
1245:Falaki Shirvani
1222:Hassan Ghaznavi
1200:
1196:Mahsati Ganjavi
1156:Uthman Mukhtari
1050:
958:
938:
923:
914:Drakht-i Asurig
824:
807:
774:
761:
756:
721:
700:
682:
680:Further reading
669:
667:
635:
613:
583:
581:
567:
543:
524:
506:
501:
493:
489:
481:
474:
466:
462:
454:
450:
442:
438:
430:
423:
415:
411:
403:
399:
391:
387:
379:
372:
364:
355:
347:
336:
332:
327:
326:
321:
317:
312:
256:Golestan-e Eram
169:
127:Muslim conquest
114:
19:
12:
11:
5:
3507:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3398:Ibn Khordadbeh
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3344:
3342:
3339:Historians and
3336:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3119:Hakim Tirmidhi
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3035:
3033:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2984:
2982:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2868:
2866:
2862:
2861:
2853:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2830:
2821:
2820:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2751:Ramak NikTalab
2748:
2743:
2738:
2736:Hengameh Mofid
2733:
2731:Babak NikTalab
2728:
2723:
2721:Samad Behrangi
2717:
2715:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2660:Saleh Hosseini
2657:
2655:Ramak NikTalab
2652:
2650:Sadegh Hedayat
2647:
2642:
2640:Mohammad Ghazi
2637:
2632:
2630:Jaleh Amouzgar
2627:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2601:Mohammad Sadri
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2566:Reza Mirkarimi
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2501:Bahman Ghobadi
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2481:Asghar Farhadi
2478:
2473:
2471:Hajir Darioush
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2434:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2414:Hengameh Mofid
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2380:Mohsen Yalfani
2378:
2373:
2367:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2350:Bahram Sadeghi
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2305:Sadegh Hedayat
2302:
2297:
2292:
2290:Nader Ebrahimi
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2264:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2168:Reza Amirkhani
2165:
2160:
2155:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2133:Muhammad Iqbal
2129:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2101:Satim Ulugzade
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2061:Sadriddin Ayni
2057:
2055:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2040:Massoud Nawabi
2037:
2035:Youssof Kohzad
2032:
2027:
2022:
2020:Wasef Bakhtari
2017:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1981:
1971:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1951:Sohrab Sepehri
1948:
1943:
1938:
1936:Nosrat Rahmani
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1833:Ahmad NikTalab
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1814:Hormoz Alipour
1812:
1807:
1802:
1800:
1793:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1779:
1778:
1768:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1748:
1740:
1732:
1724:
1716:
1708:
1703:Yaghma Jandaqi
1699:
1697:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1683:
1678:
1670:
1668:Hatef Esfahani
1664:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1633:
1630:
1622:
1617:
1615:(c. 1620–1648)
1609:
1601:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1572:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1540:
1532:
1524:
1522:Kamal Khujandi
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1432:Khwaju Kermani
1429:
1424:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1382:
1374:
1369:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1338:
1333:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1309:
1304:
1296:
1291:Nizami Ganjavi
1288:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1117:
1109:
1101:
1096:Qatran Tabrizi
1093:
1088:
1080:
1072:
1064:
1058:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1020:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
977:
972:
966:
964:
960:
959:
957:
956:
950:
948:
940:
939:
929:
928:
925:
924:
922:
921:
916:
911:
906:
903:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
848:Book of Jamasp
845:
840:
835:
829:
826:
825:
813:
812:
809:
808:
806:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
779:
776:
775:
763:
762:
755:
754:
747:
740:
732:
726:
725:
720:978-0367510411
719:
704:
699:978-0815635376
698:
681:
678:
677:
676:
639:
634:978-9401034814
633:
617:
611:
590:
571:
565:
551:Dabashi, Hamid
547:
542:978-0947593476
541:
528:
523:978-9004467170
522:
505:
502:
500:
499:
487:
485:, p. 207.
472:
470:, p. 144.
460:
448:
436:
434:, p. 206.
421:
419:, p. 189.
409:
397:
385:
383:, p. 151.
370:
353:
351:, p. 205.
333:
331:
328:
325:
324:
314:
313:
311:
308:
291:Rabia of Balkh
211:Nafahat al-Uns
202:Lubab ul-Albab
168:
165:
159:, Rabia was a
149:Hellmut Ritter
125:following the
113:
110:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3506:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3423:Yahya Barmaki
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3413:Nizam al-Mulk
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3337:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3310:Nasir Khusraw
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3174:Mulla al-Qari
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3030:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3013:Nasir Khusraw
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2979:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2922:Hasib Marwazi
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2851:
2846:
2844:
2839:
2837:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2802:
2788:
2787:Ahmad Kasravi
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2772:Ali Latifiyan
2770:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2712:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2695:Jafar Shahidi
2693:
2691:
2690:Jalal Sattari
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2675:Mohammad Moin
2673:
2671:
2670:Ahmad Shamlou
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2645:Lili Golestan
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2506:Fereydun Gole
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2466:Bahram Beyzai
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:Saeed Aghighi
2451:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2384:Bahram Beyzai
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2255:Short stories
2253:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2236:Abbas Maroufi
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2226:Ahmad Mahmoud
2224:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2203:Reza Ghassemi
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2183:Reza Baraheni
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2086:Loiq Sher-Ali
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2015:Nadia Anjuman
2013:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1966:Ahmad Shamlou
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1901:Hushang Irani
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1858:Reza Baraheni
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1773:
1769:
1752:
1749:
1744:
1741:
1736:
1733:
1728:
1725:
1720:
1717:
1712:
1709:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1620:Kalim Kashani
1618:
1613:
1610:
1605:
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1600:
1597:
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1594:
1590:
1584:
1583:'Orfi Shirazi
1581:
1576:
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1536:
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1508:
1507:Salman Savaji
1505:
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1453:
1449:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1437:Badr Shirvani
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1420:
1419:Homam Tabrizi
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1404:Pur-Baha Jami
1402:
1400:
1397:
1394:
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1326:
1322:
1313:
1312:Shams Tabrizi
1310:
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1300:
1297:
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1228:
1227:Faramarz Nama
1225:
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1213:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1194:
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1159:
1157:
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1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1133:Ahmad Ghazali
1131:
1129:
1126:
1121:
1118:
1113:
1110:
1105:
1104:Nizam al-Mulk
1102:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1084:
1081:
1076:
1073:
1068:
1067:Nasir Khusraw
1065:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1041:Kisai Marvazi
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1024:
1021:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
1000:Shahid Balkhi
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
985:
981:
978:
976:
973:
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968:
967:
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920:
917:
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904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
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888:Menog-i Khrad
886:
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869:
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604:
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558:
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552:
548:
544:
538:
535:. Routledge.
534:
529:
525:
519:
515:
514:
508:
507:
496:
491:
484:
479:
477:
469:
464:
457:
456:Losensky 2003
452:
445:
440:
433:
428:
426:
418:
413:
407:, p. 90.
406:
401:
394:
389:
382:
377:
375:
368:, p. 89.
367:
362:
360:
358:
350:
345:
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334:
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307:
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197:
195:
191:
190:
185:
182:
178:
174:
164:
162:
158:
157:Hamid Dabashi
154:
150:
147:
144:. The German
143:
139:
135:
132:
128:
124:
120:
109:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
78:
76:
72:
68:
63:
61:
57:
49:
44:رابعة بنت كعب
41:
37:
30:
25:
21:
16:
3315:Rabia Balkhi
3314:
2981:Philosophers
2962:Omar Khayyam
2705:Abbas Zaryab
2581:Jafar Panahi
2551:Majid Majidi
2389:Bahman Forsi
2355:Goli Taraqqi
2280:Javad Mojabi
2270:Sadeq Chubak
2266:Shamim Bahar
2163:Bozorg Alavi
2117:Asad Gulzoda
1974:Nima Yooshij
1911:Bijan Jalali
1828:Aref Qazvini
1776:Contemporary
1711:Mirza Ghalib
1673:Azar Bigdeli
1632:Saba Kashani
1625:Hazin Lāhiji
1604:Saib Tabrizi
1567:Vahshi Bafqi
1551:Baba Faghani
1527:Ahli Shirazi
1502:Ubayd Zakani
1377:Amir Khusrau
1367:(1288–1320s)
1344:Sultan Walad
1171:Banu Goshasp
1120:Omar Khayyam
1010:Rabia Balkhi
1009:
893:Jamasp Namag
709:
688:
668:. Retrieved
664:the original
647:
624:
602:
582:. Retrieved
578:
555:
532:
512:
490:
463:
451:
444:Dabashi 2012
439:
412:
405:Dabashi 2012
400:
388:
366:Dabashi 2012
318:
301:
290:
264:
260:Bektash-nama
259:
255:
244:
240:Zainu'l Arab
239:
235:
225:
223:
210:
200:
198:
193:
187:
170:
115:
79:
64:
59:
55:
36:Rabia Balkhi
35:
34:
20:
15:
3393:Gawhar Shad
3239:Zamakhshari
3219:Shaykh Tusi
3134:Ibn Mubarak
3023:Shahrastani
2816:Afghanistan
2620:Translators
2576:Amir Naderi
2446:Screenplays
2429:Pari Saberi
2409:Bijan Mofid
2335:Bijan Najdi
2025:Raziq Faani
2008:Afghanistan
1921:Esmail Khoi
1878:Bijan Elahi
1754:(1813–1893)
1746:(1808–1854)
1738:(1801–1880)
1730:(1800–1871)
1722:(1779–1837)
1714:(1797–1869)
1706:(1782–1859)
1687:(1798–1857)
1676:(1722–1781)
1639:(1642–1720)
1628:(1692–1766)
1607:(1607–1670)
1599:Taleb Amoli
1578:(1500–1588)
1570:(1523–1583)
1546:(1487–1524)
1538:(1483–1556)
1530:(1454–1535)
1422:(1238–1314)
1380:(1253–1325)
1302:(1149–1209)
1294:(1141–1209)
1283:(1126–1189)
1275:(1120–1190)
1235:(1155–1191)
1151:(1098–1131)
1123:(1048–1131)
1115:(1046–1121)
1107:(1018–1092)
1099:(1009–1072)
1086:(1006–1088)
1078:(1058–1111)
1070:(1004–1088)
905:Warshtmansr
654:: 148–164.
579:archnet.org
381:Sharma 2009
299:Sophocles's
275:Afghanistan
181:anthologist
161:Persianized
146:Orientalist
142:Balochistan
131:Iranologist
94:Afghanistan
3448:Categories
3270:Asadi Tusi
3164:Marghinani
3129:Ibn Hibban
3049:Abu Hanifa
2927:Ibn Hayyan
2902:Ali Qushji
2897:Alfraganus
2865:Scientists
2856:People of
2812:Tajikistan
2516:Ali Hatami
2424:Akbar Radi
2371:Reza Abdoh
2110:Uzbekistan
2054:Tajikistan
1906:Iraj Mirza
1240:Adib Sabir
1176:Borzu-Nama
1143:Manuchehri
1091:Asadi Tusi
1075:Al-Ghazali
1062:Bābā Tāher
1026:(980–1037)
1018:(967–1049)
883:Bundahishn
621:Rypka, Jan
584:30 October
483:Aftab 2022
468:Rypka 1968
432:Aftab 2022
417:Blois 2004
393:Aftab 2022
349:Aftab 2022
330:References
267:Naqshbandi
227:Ilahi-nama
112:Background
82:Naqshbandi
52:رابعه بلخی
3224:Taftazani
3209:Sajawandi
3018:Sijistani
2947:Khwarizmi
2760:Essayists
1458:Ibn Yamin
984:Shahnameh
937:Classical
793:Ganjnameh
516:. Brill.
167:Biography
3295:Ferdowsi
3234:Tirmidhi
3214:Sarakhsi
3194:Qushayri
3169:Maturidi
3114:Ghaznawi
2998:Avicenna
2942:Khojandi
2912:Birjandi
2907:Avicenna
2882:Abu Wafa
2858:Khorasan
2126:Pakistan
1868:Dehkhoda
1543:Ismail I
1393:Golestān
1315:(d.1248)
1212:Iranshah
1023:Avicenna
980:Ferdowsi
670:1 August
623:(1968).
553:(2012).
303:Antigone
283:Pakistan
194:lahwalah
123:Khurasan
102:Pakistan
60:Khuzdari
3368:Gardizi
3305:Kashifi
3179:Muqatil
3159:Lamishi
3154:Kashifi
3144:Juwayni
3109:Ghazali
3094:Bukhari
3089:Bazdawi
3084:Bayhaqi
3079:Baghavi
2988:Algazel
2937:Khazini
2066:Farzona
1992:Armenia
1272:Khaqani
1191:Mu'izzi
1138:Hujwiri
1005:Bal'ami
843:Dēnkard
601:(ed.).
504:Sources
189:shahada
184:Jajarmi
138:Khuzdar
48:Persian
3330:Sanā'ī
3320:Rudaki
3285:Daqiqi
3280:Behzad
3260:Anvari
3204:Sabuni
3189:Nasa'i
3184:Muslim
3149:Kasani
3099:Dabusi
3074:Ansari
3003:Farabi
2952:Nasawi
2917:Biruni
2146:Novels
1786:Poetry
1535:Fuzuli
1512:Hatefi
1483:Nasimi
1389:Bustan
1280:Anvari
1265:c.1220
1263:(1142–
1046:Ayyuqi
1036:Asjadi
1031:Unsuri
975:Daqiqi
970:Rudaki
822:Middle
717:
696:
631:
609:
563:
539:
520:
247:mystic
177:Sufism
173:Rudaki
163:Arab.
129:. The
67:mystic
65:A non-
40:Arabic
2993:Amiri
2972:Sijzi
2364:Plays
1743:Qaani
1696:1800s
1661:1700s
1592:1600s
1560:1500s
1495:1400s
1468:Hafez
1451:1300s
1385:Saadi
1324:1200s
1260:Attar
1250:Am'aq
1205:1100s
1166:Sanai
1055:1000s
652:Brill
650:(2).
597:. In
310:Notes
269:Sufi
153:Balkh
90:Balkh
84:Sufi
3383:Aufi
3325:Rumi
3300:Jami
3199:Razi
2808:Iran
1799:Iran
1517:Jami
1414:Rumi
963:900s
947:800s
715:ISBN
694:ISBN
672:2022
629:ISBN
607:ISBN
586:2022
561:ISBN
537:ISBN
518:ISBN
287:Iran
215:Jami
207:Awfi
192:and
119:Arab
106:Iran
75:Jami
58:(or
772:Old
656:doi
306:."
281:of
258:or
140:in
100:of
3450::
2810:,
1391:/
646:.
577:.
475:^
424:^
373:^
356:^
337:^
50::
46:,
42::
2849:e
2842:t
2835:v
2818:.
1980:)
1976:(
1395:)
1387:(
1267:)
986:)
982:(
751:e
744:t
737:v
723:.
702:.
674:.
658::
637:.
615:.
588:.
569:.
545:.
526:.
497:.
38:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
