397:, where he had gone seeking medical treatment, Jarrell was struck by a motorist and killed. In trying to determine the cause of death, " Mary, the police, the coroner, and ultimately the state of North Carolina judged his death accidental, a verdict made credible by his apparent improvements in health ... and the odd, sidelong manner of the collision; medical professionals judged the injuries consistent with an accident and not with suicide." Nevertheless, because Jarrell had recently been treated for mental illness and a previous
571:, published in 1965, continued in the same style and cemented Jarrell's reputation as a poet; many critics consider it to be his best work. Stephanie Burt states that "in the 'Lost World' poems and throughout Jarrell's oeuvre. . .he took care to define and defend the self . . .his lonely personae seek intersubjective confirmation and . . .his alienated characters resist the so-called social world." Burt identifies the chief influences on Jarrell's poetry to be "
390:, which said "his work is thoroughly dated; prodigiousness encouraged by an indulgent and sentimental Mama-ism; its overriding feature is doddering infantilism." Soon afterwards, Jarrell slashed a wrist and returned to the hospital. After leaving the hospital, he stayed at home that summer under his wife's care and returned to teaching at the University of North Carolina that fall.
687:. Or one could call him, after granting Eliot the English citizenship he so actively embraced, the best poet-critic we have ever had. Whichever side of the Atlantic one chooses to place Eliot, Jarrell was his superior in at least one significant respect. He captured a world that any contemporary poet will recognize as "the poetry scene"; his
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Jarrell's stylistic particularities have been hard for critics to hear and describe, both because the poems call readers' attention instead to their characters and because
Jarrell's particular powers emerge so often from mimesis of speech. Jarrell's style responds to the alienations it delineates by
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wrote, "There's a small chance was an accident. . . I think it was suicide, and so does everyone else, who knew him well." Jarrell's death being a suicide has since become accepted practically as fact, even by people who were not personally close to him and perpetuated by some writers.
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incorporating or troping speech and conversation, linking emotional events within one person's psyche to speech acts that might take place between persons. . .Jarrell's style pivots on his sense of loneliness and on the intersubjectivity he sought as a response.
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Jarrell divorced his first wife and married Mary von
Schrader, a young woman whom he met at a summer writer's conference in Colorado, in 1952. They first lived together while Jarrell was teaching for a term at the
605:, Jarrell developed his style of critique which was often witty and sometimes fiercely critical. However, as he got older, his criticism began to change, showing a more positive emphasis. His appreciations of
1086:"5 Young Poets," published in 1940 by New Directions, contained forty pages of poems by each of the following poets: Mary Barnard, George Marion O'Donnell, Randall Jarrell, John Berryman, and W. R. Moses.
317:. According to his obituary, he " as a flying cadet, he later became a celestial navigation tower operator, a job title he considered the most poetic in the Air Force." His early poetry, in particular
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When Ransom left
Vanderbilt for Kenyon College in Ohio that same year, a number of his loyal students, including Jarrell, followed him to Kenyon. Jarrell taught English at Kenyon for two years, coached
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magazine". Jarrell was uncomfortable living in the city and "claimed to hate New York's crowds, high cost of living, status-conscious sociability, and lack of greenery." He soon left the city for the
645:" and stated that the book "should certainly influence our poetry for the better. It should become a point of reference, not only for younger poets, but for all readers of twentieth-century poetry."
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who said that
Jarrell was "'the most heartbreaking poet of our time'. . . had written 'the best poetry in English about the Second World War.'" These memorial tributes formed the basis for the book
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Towards the end of his life, in 1963, Stephanie Burt notes: "Randall's behavior began to change. Approaching his fiftieth birthday, he seems to have worried deeply about his advancing age. . . After
507:, poems about bookish children and childhood, and poems, such as 'Next Day,' in the voices of aging women." Burt also succinctly summarizes the essence of Jarrell's poetic style as follows:
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helped to establish or resuscitate their reputations as significant
American poets, and his poet friends often returned the favor, as when Lowell wrote a review of Jarrell's book of poems
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273:— embraced his teachers' literary stances while rejecting their politics." He also completed his master's degree in English at Vanderbilt in 1937, beginning his thesis on
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with Mary's daughters from her previous marriage. The couple also moved temporarily to
Washington D.C. in 1956 when Jarrell served as the consultant in poetry at the
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multiple and eclectic virtues —originality, erudition, wit, probity, and an irresistible passion —combined to make him the best
American poet-critic since
175:(May 6, 1914 – October 14, 1965) was an American poet, literary critic, children's author, essayist, and novelist. He was the 11th Consultant in Poetry to the
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where he "practiced tennis, starred in some school plays, and began his career as a critic with satirical essays in a school magazine." He received his B.A. from
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and in 1965, he was hospitalized and taken off Elavil. At this point, he was no longer manic, but he became depressed again. Burt also states that in April
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356:(a position that later became titled Poet Laureate) for two years, returning to Greensboro and the University of North Carolina after his term ended.
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attempt, some of the people closest to him were not entirely convinced that his death was accidental and suspected that he had taken his own life.
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from 1939 to 1942, where he began to publish criticism and where he met his first wife, Mackie
Langham. In 1942 he left the university to join the
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In 2004, the
Metropolitan Nashville Historical Commission approved placement of a historical marker in his honor, to be placed at his alma mater,
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notes, "Jarrell took from
Wordsworth the idea that poems had to be 'convincing as speech' before they were anything else." His final volume,
301:, "Jarrell was the first person of own generation genuinely held in awe" due to Jarrell's brilliance and confidence even at the age of 23.
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in 1951. Lowell wrote that Jarrell was "the most talented poet under forty, and one whose wit, pathos, and grace remind us more of
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Randall Jarrell Papers (#1169-005), East Carolina Manuscript Collection, J. Y. Joyner Library, East Carolina University
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From the start of his writing career, Jarrell earned a solid reputation as an influential poetry critic. Encouraged by
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668:(1953). Many scholars consider him the most astute poetry critic of his generation, and in 1979, the poet and scholar
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in Bronxville, N.Y., for a year. During his time in New York, he also served as the temporary book review editor for
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went so far as to advise younger writers, "Take more notice of Randall Jarrell than you do of any academic critic."
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368:, Randall spent days in front of the television weeping. Sad to the point of inertia, Randall sought help from a
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The Jarrell obituary goes on to state that "after being discharged from the service he joined the faculty of
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486:. A North Carolina Highway Historical Marker was placed near his burial site in Greensboro, North Carolina.
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The Paris Review, The Art of Poetry No. 14 Peter Levi, Interviewed by Jannika Hurwitt. Issue 76, Fall 1979.
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297:. Lowell and Jarrell remained good friends and peers until Jarrell's death. According to Lowell biographer
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1104:(With acceptance speech by Jarrell and essay by Scott Challener from the Awards 60-year anniversary blog.)
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was published. Beginning with this book, Jarrell broke free of Auden's influence and the influence of the
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Lowell, Robert. "To Elizabeth Bishop." 28 October 1965. Letter 464 in The Letters of Robert Lowell. Ed.
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published a "viciously condescending" review by Joseph Bennett of Jarrell's most recent book of poems,
862:. Edited by Robert Lowell, Peter Taylor, and Robert Penn Warren. NY: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 1968.
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285:, and served as the resident faculty member in an undergraduate dormitory that housed future writers
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than of any of his contemporaries." In the same review, Lowell calls Jarrell's first book of poems,
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and developed a style that mixed Modernist and Romantic influences, incorporating the aesthetics of
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where, as an associate professor of English, he taught modern poetry and "imaginative writing".
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Leithauser, Brad. Introduction. No Other Book: Selected Essays. New York: HarperCollins, 1999.
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Finding Aid for the Randall Jarrell Papers at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro
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in order to create more sympathetic character sketches and dramatic monologues. The scholar
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808:. Selected and with an introduction by Randall Jarrell. NY: New York Review Books, 1958.
257:. Although all of these Vanderbilt teachers were heavily involved with the conservative
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Ferguson, Suzanne. "The Death of Randall Jarrell: A Problem in Legendary Biography."
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Then, near dusk on October 14, 1965, while walking along U.S. highway 15-501 near
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Helen Vendler, "Randall Jarrell, Child and Mother, Frightened and Consoling,"
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Featured Author: Randall Jarrell, with News and Reviews From the Archives of
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In addition to poetry and criticism, Jarrell also published a satiric novel,
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544:" is Jarrell's most famous war poem and one that is frequently anthologized.
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429:. The idea of Jarrell's death being a suicide was always denied by his wife.
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Randall Jarrell's time at the Library of Congress, Beltway Poetry Quarterly
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His reputation as a poet was not firmly established until 1960 when his
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On February 28, 1966, a memorial service was held in Jarrell's honor at
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886:. Illustrated by Maurice Sendak. NY: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1976.
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McAlexander, Hugh, "Peter Taylor: The Undergraduate Years at Kenyon,"
910:. Edited by William Pritchard. NY: Farrar, Straus, & Giroux, 1990.
904:. eds. Mary Jarrell and Stuart Wright. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1985.
421:, lists Jarrell as a twentieth-century writer who killed himself, and
323:, would principally concern his wartime experiences in the Air Force.
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Randall Jarrell's Letters: An Autobiographical and Literary Selection
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in 1935. While at Vanderbilt, he edited the student humor magazine
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observed, "Randall Jarrell's best-known poems are poems about the
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In an introduction to a selection of Jarrell's essays, the poet
528:, was published in 1942 – the same year he enlisted in the
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refers to Jarrell's "suicide" several times in his biography of
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New Series, Vol. 21, No. 3/4 (Summer - Autumn, 1999), pp. 43-57
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540:(1948), drew heavily on his Army experiences. The short lyric "
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724:(1965) are considered prominent (and feature illustrations by
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In terms of the subject matter of Jarrell's work, the scholar
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by Chekhov, (translator & editor). Macmillan Co., 1969.
261:, Jarrell did not become an Agrarian himself. According to
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by Goethe, (translator). Farrah, Straus & Giroux 1976.
856:. Illustrated by Maurice Sendak. NY: Pantheon Books, 1965.
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Gilroy, Harry. "Poets Honor Memory of Jarrell at Yale."
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Selected Poems including The Woman at the Washington Zoo
736:. It was published in 1976. Jarrell translated poems by
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United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II
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Kipling, Auden & Co.: Essays and Reviews, 1935-1964
842:. Illustrated by Garth Williams. NY: Random House, 1965
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The Woman at the Washington Zoo: Poems and Translations
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wrote the following assessment of Jarrell as a critic:
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Shapiro, Karl. "In the Forest of the Little People."
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1019:"Randall Jarrell, Poet, Killed By Car in Carolina."
710:, in 1954, drawing upon his teaching experiences at
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Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters
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Jarrell on the New York Times Featured Authors site
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A Sad Heart at the Supermarket: Essays & Fables
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Woman's College of the University of North Carolina
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1051:. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2005. 465.
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806:Randall Jarrell's Book of Stories: An Anthology
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664:, and others, which were mostly collected in
966:. New York: Columbia University Press, 2002.
728:). In 1957 Jarrell began his translation of
245:, who first published Jarrell's poetry; and
1227:Jarrell page at Modern American Poetry site
700:Fiction, translations, and children's books
241:, who first published Jarrell's criticism;
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186:Among other honors, Jarrell was awarded a
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1892:Translators of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
1872:20th-century American non-fiction writers
1037:Vol. 22 No. 5, 2 March 2000, pages 16-17.
880:. NY: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1969.
868:. NY: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1969.
190:for the years 1947–48; a grant from the
1113:Lowell, Robert. "With Wild Dogmatism."
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1033:Ian Hamilton, "Ashamed of the Planet,"
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599:, who published Jarrell's criticism in
516:Jarrell was first published in 1940 in
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346:University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
227:, was captain of the tennis team, made
1847:United States Army Air Forces officers
1837:Road incident deaths in North Carolina
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1298:Poets Laureate / Consultants in Poetry
1004:Jarrell, Randall, 1st Lieutenant, USAF
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898:. NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1979.
641:compared Jarrell to "the great modern
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192:National Institute of Arts and Letters
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1263:, with 84 library catalog records
992:Lost Puritan: A Life of Robert Lowell
461:. Reporting on the memorial service,
179:—a position that now bears the title
408:about a week after Jarrell's death,
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648:Jarrell is known for his essays on
542:The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner
320:The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner
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1862:20th-century American male writers
348:. Then the couple settled back in
181:Poet Laureate of the United States
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1877:American male non-fiction writers
1867:The Nation (U.S. magazine) people
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637:, a few years later, fellow-poet
309:Jarrell went on to teach at the
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1827:Pedestrian road incident deaths
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553:The Woman at the Washington Zoo
109:The Woman at the Washington Zoo
1842:Sarah Lawrence College faculty
1128:The New York Times Book Review
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914:No Other Book: Selected Essays
532:. His second and third books,
479:published the following year.
372:psychiatrist, who prescribed
277:(which he completed in 1939).
265:, "Jarrell—a devotee of
196:National Book Award for Poetry
1:
1096:"National Book Awards – 1961"
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315:United States Army Air Forces
311:University of Texas at Austin
792:Pictures from an Institution
767:Little Friend, Little Friend
707:Pictures from an Institution
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534:Little Friend, Little Friend
530:United States Army Air Corps
524:, was heavily influenced by
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118:Pictures from an Institution
7:
1817:National Book Award winners
1792:20th-century American poets
964:Randall Jarrell and His Age
866:The Third Book of Criticism
814:. New York: Atheneum, 1960.
691:might even now be retitled
75:Chapel Hill, North Carolina
16:American writer (1914–1965)
10:
1918:
1115:New York Times Book Review
920:. NY: HarperCollins, 1995.
860:Randall Jarrell, 1914-1965
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366:President Kennedy was shot
259:Southern Agrarian movement
1802:American literary critics
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1247:News of historical marker
1222:Jarrell page at Poets.org
994:. New York: Norton, 1994.
779:The Seven League Crutches
734:Farrar, Straus and Giroux
619:The Seven League Crutches
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477:Farrar, Straus and Giroux
473:Randall Jarrell 1914-1965
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304:
237:. He studied there under
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104:
84:
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28:
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1178:"Master of Modern Plain"
1102:. Retrieved 2012-03-02.
1100:National Book Foundation
802:. New York: Knopf, 1955.
211:Jarrell was a native of
1887:American male novelists
1882:American male essayists
1787:American Poets Laureate
1386:William Carlos Williams
1035:London Review of Books,
615:William Carlos Williams
1812:Kenyon College faculty
848:. NY: Macmillan, 1965.
840:The Gingerbread Rabbit
836:. NY: Macmillan, 1964.
826:. NY: Macmillan, 1964.
740:and others, a play by
732:‘s Faust Part One for
712:Sarah Lawrence College
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328:Sarah Lawrence College
1822:Newbery Honor winners
1807:Kenyon College alumni
1117:7 October 1951, p. 7.
1064:37.4 (1983): 866-876.
820:. NY: Atheneum, 1962.
796:New York: Knopf, 1954
781:. NY: Harcourt, 1951.
775:. NY: Harcourt, 1948.
763:. NY: Harcourt, 1942.
681:
509:
484:Hume-Fogg High School
376:." The drug made him
221:Vanderbilt University
217:Hume-Fogg High School
188:Guggenheim Fellowship
1832:Poets from Tennessee
761:Blood for A Stranger
631:Blood for A Stranger
551:-winning collection
522:Blood for a Stranger
360:Depression and death
213:Nashville, Tennessee
1730:Juan Felipe Herrera
1302:Library of Congress
1261:Library of Congress
549:National Book Award
354:Library of Congress
207:Youth and education
194:, in 1951; and the
177:Library of Congress
129:National Book Award
1857:World War II poets
1554:Robert Penn Warren
1474:Josephine Jacobsen
1330:Robert Penn Warren
1162:The New York Times
1075:The New York Times
1062:The Georgia Review
1021:The New York Times
978:The Kenyon Review,
878:The Complete Poems
787:. NY: Knopf, 1953.
785:Poetry and the Age
738:Rainer Maria Rilke
693:Poetry and Our Age
689:Poetry and the Age
666:Poetry and the Age
643:Rainer Maria Rilke
561:William Wordsworth
464:The New York Times
459:Robert Penn Warren
383:The New York Times
239:Robert Penn Warren
1764:
1763:
1714:Natasha Trethewey
1538:Robert Fitzgerald
1458:William Jay Smith
1184:September 3, 1967
872:The Three Sisters
853:The Animal Family
769:. NY: Dial, 1945.
721:The Animal Family
395:Chapel Hill, N.C.
247:John Crowe Ransom
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611:Elizabeth Bishop
602:The New Republic
505:Second World War
427:Delmore Schwartz
406:Elizabeth Bishop
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68:October 14, 1965
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1442:Stephen Spender
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1196:New York Times,
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1182:New York Times,
1174:Julian Moynahan
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990:Mariani, Paul.
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962:Burt, Stephen.
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918:Brad Leithauser
890:Faust: Part One
757:
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677:Brad Leithauser
662:Wallace Stevens
593:
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439:Yale University
435:
404:In a letter to
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234:magna cum laude
225:The Masquerader
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137:Randall Jarrell
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231:and graduated
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215:. He attended
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1630:Louise Glück
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1450:James Dickey
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1782:1965 deaths
1777:1914 births
1748:(2019–2022)
1740:(2017–2019)
1732:(2015–2017)
1724:(2014–2015)
1716:(2012–2014)
1708:(2011–2012)
1700:(2010–2011)
1692:(2008–2010)
1674:Donald Hall
1610:Robert Hass
1578:Mark Strand
794:: A Comedy.
749:fairy tales
718:(1964) and
557:New Critics
536:(1945) and
423:James Atlas
293:, and poet
198:, in 1961.
48:May 6, 1914
1771:Categories
1666:Ted Kooser
1322:Allen Tate
925:References
670:Peter Levi
577:Wordsworth
526:W.H. Auden
415:A. Alvarez
370:Cincinnati
350:Greensboro
333:The Nation
243:Allen Tate
85:Occupation
44:1914-05-06
1754:Ada Limón
1746:Joy Harjo
1626:Rita Dove
1602:Rita Dove
591:Criticism
202:Biography
55:Tennessee
51:Nashville
1690:Kay Ryan
97:novelist
1300:to the
490:Writing
467:quoted
399:suicide
1684:(2007)
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1632:&
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1332:(1944)
1324:(1943)
1316:(1937)
773:Losses
730:Goethe
613:, and
573:Proust
538:Losses
495:Poetry
475:which
469:Lowell
457:, and
433:Legacy
374:Elavil
305:Career
283:tennis
94:critic
746:Grimm
685:Eliot
585:Freud
581:Rilke
378:manic
271:Auden
623:Pope
269:and
267:Marx
91:Poet
79:U.S.
65:Died
59:U.S.
38:Born
1259:at
1215:at
625:or
253:in
171:REL
169:jə-
1773::
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42:(
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