803:. Although utilitarianism can be provided with a rational basis and reconciled with the morality of common sense, rational egoism appears to be an equally plausible doctrine regarding what we have most reason to do. Thus we must "admit an ultimate and fundamental contradiction in our apparent intuitions of what is Reasonable in conduct; and from this admission it would seem to follow that the apparently intuitive operation of Practical Reason, manifested in these contradictory judgments, is after all illusory".
792:, first published in 1872. A method of ethics is "any rational procedure by which we determine what individual human beings 'ought'—or what it is 'right' for them—to do, or seek to realize by voluntary action". Sidgwick considers three such procedures, namely, rational egoism, dogmatic intuitionism, and
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giving him that dime. The issue is whether you must keep buying your life, dime by dime, from any beggar who might choose to approach you. The issue is whether the need of others is the first mortgage on your life and the moral purpose of your existence. The issue is whether man is to be regarded as
915:
now, even though this is detrimental to one's present interests (which are to spend the money now). But it seems equally reasonable to maximize one's interests now, given that one's reasons are not only relative to him, but to him as he is now (and not his future self, who is argued to be a
916:"different" person). Parfit also argues that since the connections between the present mental state and the mental state of one's future self may decrease, it is not plausible to claim that one should be indifferent between one's present and future self.
796:. Rational egoism is the view that, if rational, "an agent regards quantity of consequent pleasure and pain to himself alone important in choosing between alternatives of action; and seeks always the greatest attainable surplus of pleasure over pain".
859:
Do not confuse altruism with kindness, good will or respect for the rights of others. These are not primaries, but consequences, which, in fact, altruism makes impossible. The irreducible primary of altruism, the basic absolute is
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as a standard of the good. Do not hide behind such superficialities as whether you should or should not give a dime to a beggar. This is not the issue. The issue is whether you
819:. She holds that it is both irrational and immoral to act against one's self-interest. Thus, her view is a conjunction of both rational egoism (in the standard sense) and
844:(1964) explains the concept of rational egoism in depth. According to Rand, a rational man holds his own life as his highest value, rationality as his highest
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1313:
Brink, D. 1992, "Sidgwick and the
Rationale for Rational Egoism," in Essays on Henry Sidgwick, ed. B. Schultz, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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explicitly is unmentioned in the writings of both philosophers. Rational egoism was further embodied in
Chernyshevsky's 1863 novel
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712:. Its weaker form, however, holds that while it is rational to pursue self-interest, failing to pursue self-interest is
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Sidgwick found it difficult to find any persuasive reason for preferring rational egoism over
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Principle that an action is rational if it maximizes one's self-interest
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Two objections to rational egoism are given by the
English philosopher
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Unto Others: The
Evolution and Psychology of Unselfish Behavior
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A History of
Russian Thought: From the Enlightenment to Marxism
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Parfit, D., 1986, Reply to Kagan, Ethics, 96: 843–46, 868–69.
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Ayn Rand, "Faith and Force: Destroyers of the Modern World,"
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McKenzie, Alexander J. (2003). "Evolutionary Game Theory".
956: – Model of humans as rational, self-interested agents
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a sacrificial animal. Any man of self-esteem will answer:
747:, having developed in the works of nihilist philosophers
1141:"The Debate around Nihilism in 1860s Russian Literature"
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Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
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Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
848:, and his happiness as the final purpose of his life.
704:, though historically has been associated with both
743:) emerged as the dominant social philosophy of the
1079:"The Case against Rational Egoism in Dostoevsky's
1392:Rational Egoism: A Selective and Critical History
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1169:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
827:, egoism cannot be properly justified without an
20:. For broader coverage of egoist philosophy, see
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1184:Andrzej Walicki; Hilda Andrews-Rusiecka (1979).
1093:(3). University of Pennsylvania Press: 549–567.
950: – Theory or practice prioritizing pleasure
1382:Paul, E. & F. Miller & J. Paul (1997).
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1212:"SparkNotes: Notes from Underground: Context"
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851:Conversely, Rand was sharply critical of the
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1369:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
929: – Ancient school of Indian materialism
1190:. Stanford University Press. p. 196.
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977: – Use of reason to decide how to act
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1402:(Winter Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.).
1349:(Summer Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.).
1310:. Peter Singer (ed.), Blackwell: Oxford.
905:, who discusses the theory at length in
815:also discusses a theory that she called
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1357:The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1347:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
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995: – Standard example in game theory
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1330:Morality: Its Nature and Justification
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786:discussed rational egoism in his book
1355:Moseley, Alexander (2006). "Egoism".
688:) is the principle that an action is
1426:Sober, E. & D.S. Wilson (1998).
1359:. J. Fieser & B. Dowden (eds.).
1285:, 1982, New American Library, p. 74.
765:, and was criticised in response by
1454:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1445:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
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938: – School of anarchist thought
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1376:, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1325:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1294:D. Parfit (1984), parts II and III
1272:Smith (2006); Moseley (2006), §2a.
1124:. In J. Fieser; B. Dowden (eds.).
692:if and only if it maximizes one's
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696:. As such, it is considered a
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1414:. London, 1874, 7th ed. 1907.
1395:. Cambridge University Press.
1057:. In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.).
1032:, in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.),
1386:. Cambridge University Press
989: – Concept in economics
971: – Concept in economics
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1420:Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics
1120:Moseley, Alexander (2006).
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787:
781:
770:
760:
756:
734:
718:
716:irrational.
713:
685:
681:
680:
603:Mass society
588:Group rights
573:Collectivism
545:Voluntaryism
540:Subjectivism
451:
337:Schopenhauer
181:Philosophers
169:Subjectivity
84:Human rights
1484:Rationalism
535:Objectivism
134:Open border
79:Freethought
1479:Capitalism
1468:Categories
1223:2015-05-30
1217:SparkNotes
1040:2020-05-27
981:Praxeology
714:not always
710:irrational
578:Conformity
525:Minarchism
491:Liberalism
405:Autarchism
399:Ideologies
267:Mandeville
232:Hipparchia
192:Aristippus
89:Individual
48:Principles
897:Criticism
838:Her book
831:based on
777:socialist
698:normative
633:Theocracy
583:Dogmatism
530:Mutualism
410:Anarchism
297:Nietzsche
292:Montaigne
247:Jefferson
242:Ingersoll
114:Libertine
74:Free love
69:Eremitism
1319:(1986).
1122:"Egoism"
1055:"Egoism"
1030:"Egoism"
948:Hedonism
920:See also
870:selfless
813:Ayn Rand
807:Ayn Rand
725:Ayn Rand
721:nihilist
706:positive
700:form of
690:rational
469:Humanism
464:Hedonism
372:Voltaire
327:Rothbard
237:Igualada
202:Diogenes
187:Antiphon
54:Autonomy
1452:in the
1443:in the
1341:2381097
1107:3654018
927:Cārvāka
882:without
737:Russian
731:Origins
623:Tyranny
618:Statism
608:Mobbing
362:Thoreau
357:Stirner
352:Spooner
347:Spencer
277:Mencken
272:Marsden
217:Goldman
207:Emerson
119:Liberty
18:Egotism
1474:Egoism
1450:Egoism
1441:Egoism
1339:
1194:
1105:
876:or do
846:virtue
833:reason
702:egoism
442:Egoism
377:Warren
367:Tucker
317:Quelle
312:Popper
307:Onfray
302:Nozick
212:Godwin
22:Egoism
1337:JSTOR
1145:Slovo
1103:JSTOR
1007:Notes
382:Wilde
342:Smith
287:Mises
262:Locke
257:Laozi
222:Hayek
197:Camus
1404:link
1361:link
1351:link
1192:ISBN
1171:link
891:Yes.
866:self
751:and
387:Yang
332:Sade
322:Rand
282:Mill
252:Jung
227:Hess
1153:doi
1095:doi
887:No.
878:not
1470::
1214:.
1167:}}
1163:{{
1149:28
1147:.
1143:.
1101:.
1091:60
1089:.
1085:.
1067:^
874:do
855::
835:.
739::
727:.
1226:.
1200:.
1173:)
1155::
1128:.
1109:.
1097::
1083:"
667:e
660:t
653:v
28:.
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