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is programmatic real-time auctions that sell digital-ad impressions. Entities on both the buying and selling sides require almost instantaneous access to data in order to make decisions, forcing real-time data to the forefront of their needs. To support these needs, new strategies and technologies,
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has argued that economic policy rules may have very different effects when based on error-prone real-time data (as they inevitably are in reality) than they would if policy makers followed the same rules but had more accurate data available.
26:) is information that is delivered immediately after collection. There is no delay in the timeliness of the information provided. Real-time data is often used for navigation or tracking. Such data is usually
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and the Euro-Area
Business Cycle Network (EABCN), have made databases available that contain both real-time data and subsequent revised estimates of the same data.
57:, are often based on preliminary estimates, and therefore are frequently adjusted as better estimates become available. These later adjusted data are called "
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Glenn D. Rudebusch defined real-time analysis as 'the use of sequential information sets that were actually available as history unfolded.' Macroeconomist
45:. Real-time data can be dynamic (e.g. a variable indicating current location) or static (e.g. a fresh log entry indicating location at a specific time).
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In order to better understand the accuracy of economic data and its effects on economic decisions, some economic organizations, such as the
61:". The terms real-time economic data and real-time economic analysis were coined by Francis X. Diebold and Glenn D. Rudebusch.
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Francis X. Diebold and Glenn D. Rudebusch (1991), 'Forecasting Output with the
Composite Leading Index: A Real-Time Analysis'.
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Assessing
Nominal Income Rules for Monetary Policy with Model and Data Uncertainty
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Publishers embrace real-time bidding as data takes centre stage: new report
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although it can also be stored for later or off-line
16:Information delivered immediately after collection
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208:Journal of the American Statistical Association
284:ALFRED: Archival Federal Reserve Economic Data
242:Journal of the European Economic Association
292:at the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia
268:Big Data and Advertising: In the trenches
238:Monetary Policy under Imperfect Knowledge
236:A. Orphanides and J.C. Williams (2006), '
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290:Real-time data set for macroeconomists
97:have arisen and are quickly evolving.
191:Frontiers of Real-Time Data Analysis
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53:Real-time economic data, and other
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41:Real-time data is not the same as
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175:Wade, T. and Sommer, S. eds.
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152:Social information processing
127:Management information system
117:Geographic information system
219:Glenn D. Rudebusch (2002), '
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142:Personal Information Agent
189:Dean Croushore (2011), '
157:User activity monitoring
331:Collective intelligence
336:Information technology
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210:86 (415), pp. 603–10.
137:Personal data service
67:Athanasios Orphanides
341:Real-time computing
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122:Information privacy
55:official statistics
32:real-time computing
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59:revised data
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49:In economics
43:dynamic data
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321:Data mining
266:Lorica, B.
112:Data mining
85:In auctions
305:Categories
178:A to Z GIS
163:References
28:processed
101:See also
30:using
95:Druid
93:such
311:Data
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