Knowledge

RealAudio

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157:, currently at version 16, and is available for various platforms in binary form. Several features of this program have proven controversial (most recently, RP11's ability to record unprotected streaming media from web sites), and many alternative players have been developed. RealNetworks initially tried to discourage development of alternative players by keeping their audio format secret. However, in recent years, RealNetworks has made efforts to be somewhat more open, and has founded the 223:. In this case, the RealAudio file is retrieved similarly to a normal web page, but playback begins as soon as the first part is received and continues while the rest of the file is downloaded. Using HTTP streaming works best with pre-recorded files so some alternative protocols have been developed which work better for live broadcasts. 100:
stations used RealAudio to stream their programming over the internet in real time. In recent years, however, the format has become less common and has given way to more popular audio formats. RealAudio was heavily used by the
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When RealAudio was introduced, RealNetworks disclosed no technical details about the audio format or how it was encoded, but it was soon noticed that some of the audio codecs used in RealAudio were identical to those used in
196:, which has its own audio codec library. The audio codecs in ffmpeg were written based on the publicly available information about the formats, and do not use the RealPlayer or Helix software. It is also possible to obtain 257:
containing a link to the audio stream. When a user clicks on such a link, the user's web browser downloads the .ram or .smil file and launches the user's media player. The media player reads the PNM or RTSP
93:, ranging from low-bitrate formats that can be used over dialup modems, to high-fidelity formats for music. It can be used as a streaming audio format, that is played at the same time as it is downloaded. 207:
Although RealNetworks has made the Helix player available as an open source project, they have kept some of the audio codecs proprietary, and the Helix player can not play all RealAudio files.
177:. As these formats had been described in detail in various technical papers and standards documents, it was possible to write software capable of playing RealAudio based on this information. 121:(for Real Audio). In 1997, RealNetworks also began offering a video format called RealVideo. The combination of the audio and video formats was called RealMedia and used the file extension 192:(DLLs) from the official RealPlayer. Thus Real Alternative requires RealPlayer to be installed (or at least its DLLs) in order to function. Most other players are based on 419: 290: 2048: 818: 145:(Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language) file formats are sometimes encountered as links from web pages (see .Streaming Audio section below). 282: 274: 1932: 1723: 1119: 649: 226:
The first version of RealAudio used a proprietary protocol called PNA or PNM to send streaming audio data. RealNetworks later switched to the
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protocol, which they initially kept secret. Recently, some specifications for the RDT protocol have been made public through the
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While the newest version of RealPlayer should be able to play any RealAudio file, other programs may not support all codecs.
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format, meaning that it can be played while it is downloaded. It is possible to stream RealAudio using
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project. By around 2004 the open-source MPlayer project developed a means of playing the RDT streams.
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directly to a RealAudio file. Instead, they link to a .ram (Real Audio Metadata) or
2354: 2251: 2243: 2129: 2082: 2010: 1977: 1190: 856: 708: 676: 625: 380: 278: 185: 269:, it is now possible to save an audio stream to a file. Other programs, including 2332: 2124: 1233: 1210: 239: 216: 158: 1694: 2414: 2261: 2102: 1971: 1064: 97: 309:. Below is a list of the codecs and the version in which each was introduced: 2444: 2310: 2117: 1611: 1409: 1175: 1059: 703: 266: 154: 1674: 2134: 1899: 1689: 1684: 1541: 1516: 1012: 558: 86: 105:
websites until 2009, though it was discontinued due to its declining use.
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RealAudio files were originally identified by a filename extension of
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The official player for RealMedia content is RealNetworks'
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and first released in April 1995. It uses a variety of
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A variety of unofficial players now exist, including
2442: 587:RealPlayer – Official media player for RealAudio 607: 556: 301:RealAudio files are compressed using several 133:for video files (with or without audio), and 49:audio/vnd.rn-realaudio, audio/x-pn-realaudio 614: 600: 165:project, to extend their media framework. 520: 262:from the file and then plays the stream. 2443: 129:for audio-only files, and began using 595: 204:to play some versions of RealAudio. 523:"Radio Labs: RealMedia - an update" 13: 2405:Comparison of audio coding formats 436:Comparison of audio coding formats 210: 112: 14: 2467: 580: 293:can also save streams to a file. 305:. Each codec is identified by a 245:In many cases, web pages do not 1967:ISO/IEC base media file format 550: 539: 521:Kortekaas, Mark (2009-10-07). 514: 503: 1: 496: 215:RealAudio was developed as a 232:Real Time Streaming Protocol 190:dynamically linked libraries 7: 429: 60:; 29 years ago 10: 2472: 2410:Comparison of video codecs 920:(GB/T 33475.2,GY/T 299.1) 148: 141:(Real Audio Metadata) and 2423: 2397: 2242: 2216: 2070: 2047: 2019: 1996: 1931: 1922: 1837: 1718: 1707: 1499: 1451: 1428: 1400: 1342: 1304: 1219: 1118: 1107: 935: 904: 855: 817: 765: 648: 637: 296: 137:for VBR video files. The 54: 42: 24: 44:Internet media type 2234:Alliance for Open Media 1154:MPEG-1 Layer III (MP3) 557:David Fiedler (2008). 253:file. This is a small 2172:QuickTime File Format 422:Format (RealAudio 10) 2431:Compression software 1988:MPEG media transport 1065:Sorenson Video/Spark 359:: Sipro Lab Telecom 202:Windows Media Player 2429:for techniques and 2427:Compression methods 923:HDR Vivid(GY/T 358) 486:Windows Media Audio 307:four character code 171:cellular telephones 81:, is a proprietary 21: 420:RealAudio Lossless 291:Real7ime Converter 175:digital television 161:, a collaborative 96:In the past, many 26:Filename extension 19: 2438: 2437: 2212: 2211: 2130:DivX Media Format 1918: 1917: 1703: 1702: 1103: 1102: 993:Microsoft Video 1 928:AVS3 P2(GY/T 368) 914:(GB/T 20090.2/16) 563:HomeRecording.com 107:BBC World Service 72: 71: 2463: 2204:VOB, IFO and BUP 1978:Motion JPEG 2000 1929: 1928: 1716: 1715: 1675:aptX Low Latency 1452:Chinese Standard 1116: 1115: 905:Chinese Standard 677:Motion JPEG 2000 646: 645: 616: 609: 602: 593: 592: 574: 573: 571: 569: 554: 548: 543: 537: 536: 534: 533: 518: 512: 510:RealPlayer 8 FAQ 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517: 511: 506: 502: 492:media formats 491: 487: 484: 482: 478: 474: 470: 467: 465: 461: 457: 454: 450: 446: 442: 439: 437: 434: 433: 427: 421: 414: 411: 408: 401: 399:(RealAudio 9) 398: 395: 388: 386:(RealAudio 8) 385: 382: 375: 373:(RealAudio 6) 372: 365: 362: 355: 353:(RealAudio 3) 352: 349: 342: 340:(RealAudio 2) 339: 336: 329: 327:(RealAudio 1) 326: 323: 312: 311: 310: 308: 304: 294: 292: 288: 284: 283:StreamBox VCR 280: 276: 275:RM Downloader 272: 268: 267:RealPlayer SP 263: 261: 256: 252: 248: 243: 241: 237: 233: 230:standardized 229: 224: 222: 218: 208: 205: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 178: 176: 172: 166: 164: 160: 156: 155:RealPlayer SP 146: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 110: 108: 104: 99: 94: 92: 88: 85:developed by 84: 80: 76: 57: 53: 47: 45: 41: 29: 27: 23: 2456:RealNetworks 2451:Audio codecs 1586: 1481:(GB/T 22726) 1142:Multichannel 998:MSU Lossless 912:AVS1 P2/AVS+ 866:TrueMotion S 804:H.265 / HEVC 750:Part 1 / EVC 738:Part 3 / VVC 704:Part 2 / ASP 566:. 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Retrieved 526: 516: 505: 425: 303:audio codecs 300: 264: 244: 225: 214: 206: 200:which allow 179: 167: 152: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 116: 95: 91:audio codecs 87:RealNetworks 83:audio format 78: 74: 73: 16:Audio format 2199:MOD and TOD 2140:Flash Video 2078:3GP and 3G2 1759:HEIC / HEIF 1711:compression 1471:Audio Vivid 1206:MPEG-D USAC 1201:MPEG-4 CELP 1196:MPEG-4 HVXC 1111:compression 943:Apple Video 859:and AOMedia 809:H.266 / VVC 799:H.264 / AVC 641:compression 626:compression 559:"RealAudio" 490:Microsoft's 163:open source 2445:Categories 2433:for codecs 2380:Daubechies 2355:Transforms 2257:Arithmetic 1924:Containers 1629:True Audio 1473:(GY/T 363) 1191:MPEG-4 DST 1186:MPEG-4 SLS 1181:MPEG-4 ALS 1055:SheerVideo 1029:QuickTime 857:TrueMotion 623:Multimedia 568:August 20, 532:2024-02-03 497:References 371:Cook Codec 287:HiDownload 79:Real Audio 2182:RealMedia 1784:JPEG 2000 1587:RealAudio 1567:OptimFROG 1045:RealVideo 1033:Animation 1003:OMS Video 630:container 527:bbc.co.uk 469:SHOUTcast 361:ACELP-NET 255:text file 75:RealAudio 20:RealAudio 2301:Lossless 2267:Modified 2160:Matroska 2039:Matroska 1950:MPEG-PES 1562:Musepack 1459:AVS1 P10 1038:Graphics 988:Lagarith 430:See also 2375:Wavelet 2316:DEFLATE 2262:Huffman 2252:Entropy 2244:Methods 2229:MPEG LA 2118:Smacker 2006:H.222.0 1962:MPEG-TS 1957:MPEG-PS 1945:MPEG-ES 1829:TIFF/IT 1824:TIFF/EP 1809:JPEG XT 1804:JPEG XS 1799:JPEG XR 1794:JPEG XL 1789:JPEG-LS 1670:aptX HD 1650:WavPack 1592:RTAudio 1532:Codec 2 1465:AVS2 P3 1392:GSM-EFR 1362:AMR-WB+ 1296:G.729.1 1276:G.723.1 1266:G.722.2 1261:G.722.1 1060:Smacker 1050:RTVideo 978:Huffyuv 958:Cinepak 918:AVS2 P2 632:formats 546:MPlayer 441:Icecast 338:LD-CELP 271:MPlayer 182:MPlayer 149:Players 65:1995-04 63: ( 2177:RatDVD 2071:Others 1838:Others 1640:VMR-WB 1635:TwinVQ 1500:Others 1387:GSM-FR 1382:GSM-HR 1372:EVRC-B 1357:AMR-WB 1329:Vorbis 1169:AAC-LD 1164:HE-AAC 1070:Theora 1013:ProRes 1008:Pixlet 936:Others 745:MPEG-5 733:MPEG-I 721:MPEG-H 699:MPEG-4 692:Part 2 687:MPEG-2 682:MPEG-1 479:, and 462:, and 460:Theora 456:Vorbis 410:HE-AAC 407:MPEG-4 397:LC-AAC 394:MPEG-4 384:ATRAC3 297:Codecs 198:codecs 194:FFmpeg 184:, and 2398:Lists 2343:ADPCM 2338:µ-law 2333:A-law 2306:Lossy 2279:ACELP 2224:NETVC 2049:SMPTE 2011:T.802 1998:ITU-T 1974:(MP4) 1774:JBIG2 1737:ITU-T 1709:Image 1645:VSELP 1622:SVOPC 1612:Siren 1582:RCELP 1577:QCELP 1522:ATRAC 1507:ACELP 1324:Speex 1291:G.729 1286:G.728 1281:G.726 1271:G.723 1256:G.722 1251:G.719 1246:G.718 1239:µ-law 1234:A-law 1229:G.711 1221:ITU-T 1109:Audio 983:Indeo 963:Daala 819:SMPTE 794:H.263 789:H.262 784:H.261 779:H.120 767:ITU-T 672:MJPEG 639:Video 369:: G2/ 348:Dolby 335:G.728 325:VSELP 322:IS-54 265:With 143:.smil 135:.rmvb 2425:See 2370:MDCT 2348:DPCM 2294:WLPC 2284:CELP 2187:RIFF 2165:WebM 2155:M2TS 2145:HEIF 2113:Bink 2093:AIFF 2021:IETF 1910:WebP 1905:WBMP 1900:QTVR 1880:ICER 1875:FLIF 1865:DjVu 1855:AVIF 1845:APNG 1819:TIFF 1779:JPEG 1769:JBIG 1764:HEVC 1741:JPEG 1728:IETF 1695:LLAC 1690:LHDC 1685:LDAC 1665:aptX 1626:TTA 1607:SILK 1547:MELP 1542:Lyra 1537:iSAC 1527:CELT 1517:Asao 1512:ALAC 1490:ExAC 1485:L2HC 1415:AC-4 1410:AC-3 1402:ETSI 1367:EVRC 1344:3GPP 1334:FLAC 1319:iLBC 1314:Opus 1306:IETF 1129:MPEG 1095:YULS 1075:Thor 1023:4444 973:FFV1 953:Bink 847:VC-6 842:VC-5 837:VC-3 832:VC-2 827:VC-1 771:VCEG 659:MPEG 628:and 570:2011 416:ralf 403:racp 390:raac 381:Sony 377:atrc 367:cook 357:sipr 344:dnet 331:28_8 318:14_4 314:lpcJ 289:and 251:SMIL 247:link 228:IETF 221:HTTP 173:and 139:.ram 36:.ram 2385:DWT 2365:FFT 2360:DCT 2328:PCM 2321:LZW 2289:LSP 2274:LPC 2192:WAV 2150:IFF 2135:EVO 2125:BMP 2108:BPG 2098:AVI 2088:ASF 2083:AMV 2062:MXF 2057:GXF 2034:Ogg 2029:RTP 1937:IEC 1933:ISO 1895:QOI 1890:PGF 1885:MNG 1870:EXR 1860:BPG 1850:AV1 1814:PNG 1754:GIF 1733:W3C 1724:ISO 1720:IEC 1660:MQA 1655:WMA 1617:SMV 1602:SHN 1597:SD2 1572:OSQ 1557:MT9 1479:DRA 1443:LC3 1438:SBC 1420:DTS 1377:EVS 1352:AMR 1159:AAC 1124:IEC 1120:ISO 1090:XEB 1085:WMV 1018:422 968:DVI 948:AVS 896:AV1 891:VP9 886:VP8 881:VP7 876:VP6 871:VP3 654:IEC 650:ISO 481:NSV 477:MP3 473:AAC 464:NSV 453:Ogg 449:MP3 445:AAC 351:AC3 260:URL 236:RDT 131:.rv 127:.ra 123:.rm 119:.ra 103:BBC 32:.ra 2447:: 2311:LZ 2103:AU 1935:, 1739:, 1735:, 1730:, 1726:, 1722:, 1122:, 1080:Ut 769:, 667:DV 656:, 652:, 561:. 525:. 488:– 475:, 458:, 451:, 447:, 418:: 405:: 392:: 379:: 346:: 333:: 320:: 316:, 285:, 281:, 277:, 273:, 34:, 1126:, 615:e 608:t 601:v 572:. 535:. 67:)

Index

Filename extension
Internet media type
audio format
RealNetworks
audio codecs
internet radio
BBC
BBC World Service
RealPlayer SP
Helix Community
open source
cellular telephones
digital television
MPlayer
Real Alternative
dynamically linked libraries
FFmpeg
codecs
Windows Media Player
streaming media
HTTP
IETF
Real Time Streaming Protocol
RDT
Helix Community
link
SMIL
text file
URL
RealPlayer SP

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