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Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill

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1092:, on 1 December. He revealed that the parliamentary committee had received a total of 124 written and 148 oral submissions on the bill. The majority of organizations who presented submissions supported the legislation, he said, but the reverse was true of members of the public. He alleged that many people on both sides of the debate were supporting or opposing something they had not read. He expressed disappointment that few submissions had been received from the Indo-Fijian community. 30: 577: 2270:
the Military was would take decisive action against any "destabilisers" - among whom he named Attorney-General Bale and Ministry of Reconciliation Chief Executive Apisalome Tudreu. "The military will dish out the same fate we dealt George Speight and his group to anyone whom we think deserves this treatment," Bainimarama said. He said that he would arrest and put on trial anyone who threatened the stability of Fiji.
1111:, and had borrowed and synthesized elements from them in order to come up with a model for Fiji. A priority was that "necessary reconciliation" should take place between the perpetrators and the victims of the coup, he said. The bill's preamble, which emphasizes the rights of indigenous Fijians, should be deleted, the committee proposed. 1913:, a broadcasting company, said on 15 June that the government had left it too late to consult the public about the legislation. If reconciliation was the purpose of the bill, he said, the public should have a sense of ownership over it. The amnesty provisions would tear the nation apart, he said, rather than foster reconciliation. 1053:
the bill. On 7 October, Tugia said after hearing submissions in five western towns that a large section of the community had expressed disappointment that they had not been consulted about the legislation. They, too, mostly supported the bill's objective of reconciliation, but opposed its amnesty provisions, he said.
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On the 18th, the Prime Minister went further and said that the process of consulting everybody could take a long time, and that it could no longer be guaranteed that the legislation would be passed in time for the 2006 parliamentary election. The same was true of other controversial bills opposed by
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November, however, he announced another probable postponement of the tabling of the bill. He and Prime Minister Qarase said that the vast number of submissions might prevent the bill from being tabled for the December Parliamentary session, and that it might have to be postponed till February 2006.
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Tugia said on 10 November that the Justice Law and Order Committee had completed receiving public submissions on the bill, and were in the process of compiling a report. The presentation, due in two weeks, to parliament would take account of the views of all who made submissions, Tugia said. On 22
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The Prime Minister's move to a more conciliatory position coincided with revelations from Manasa Tugia, a strong supporter of the legislation and the chairman of the parliamentary committee looking into it, that most public submissions received so far had raised concerns about the amnesty clauses in
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of the Military to curb Commodore Bainimarama's public criticism of the bill, and that he was taken aback by the President's request to withdraw the legislation. Former Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka on 27 June that the President does not have the authority to force legislation to be withdrawn. In
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On 11 July, Bainimarama issued one of his strongest-worded challenges yet to the government, saying that it was forcing the country into the same anarchy as in 2000. The Reconciliation and Unity Bill would never allow the country to live in peace, he said. In an eight-page statement, he warned that
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translations of the bill had not yet been legally vetted and distributed, and because the views of important stakeholders had not yet been received. Tugia said submissions received so far revealed diametrically opposed views on how to overcome Fiji's "coup culture." The differences appeared to be
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is to be set up. 20 members were to be chosen by the government, with one member to represent other races; an additional member would represent Fiji's churches. Its task would be to encourage people of all races to live harmoniously together, and to explore ways to promote forgiveness and unity.
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Attorney-General Bale said on 15 December that the government was considering the committee's recommendations, and would make a decision before the resumption of Parliament in February 2006. Prime Minister Qarase announced on 11 January 2006 that certain amendments, which he did not specify, had
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and illegal demonstrations, committed during the 2000 coup and its aftermath. Persons currently under investigation for coup-related offences could also apply for criminal immunity, on condition of their seeking forgiveness and reconciliation with their victims. In the event of their refusal to
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Attorney-General Bale followed the Prime Minister's cue on 26 October, saying that any responsible government would listen to "sound logical reasoning" obtained from public consultations. He warned, however, that the government would not give in to Military opposition. It was the government, he
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On 13 May 2005, Bainimarama spoke out against the proposal, calling it "Reconciliation bull" and vowing that he and the military would oppose the legislation, which detractors say is a sham to grant amnesty to supporters of the present government who played roles in the coup. His attack on the
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On 8 February 2006, it was announced that the bill had been shelved because of insufficient time to prepare the necessary amendments, but Prime Minister Qarase denied this. The bill had not been shelved, and would not be, he insisted, but it would not be voted upon by the present session of
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On 5 June, Bainimarama reiterated his opposition to the proposed reconciliation commission, and said that if the government continued to "bulldoze" it through Parliament, he would be forced to "open up." He did not elaborate on what he meant by that.
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With the announcement that Parliament would be dissolved on 17 March 2006 pending a general election from 6–13 May, the bill is effectively shelved. Any reintroduction of the bill will depend on the outcome of the election. Military spokesman
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had called on him to withdraw the legislation, with the vice-president, a former Judge, saying that there were serious legal implications to it. The Prime Minister reportedly replied that he would "consider" the request. To date, the
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On 5 December, Bainimarama overthrew the government. Addressing the media to explain his actions, he stated that the Reconciliation Bill had to be prevented as it would have "undermined the Constitution". He later added that, if the
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On 15 July, it was revealed that the government had issued a warning to foreign businessmen and investors not to meddle in Fiji's internal affairs. If they did not keep their political opinions to themselves, said the letter from
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that although their leaders did not know it, the masses were preparing for another coup. Hughes said that such threats to stability would not be tolerated, and that "certain individuals" were being closely monitored.
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would prepare amendments that would be ready to be processed in Parliament's February 2006 sitting. The bill would not be withdrawn, he insisted on 16 December; to do so would be undemocratic, he considered. In his
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Most politicians outside of the government came out against the proposed legislation, along with the Military and a number of business and professional organizations. The campaign came to be known as the
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In the midst of the strident public statements both for and against the proposed legislation, a number of voices have taken more nuanced positions, or have called for moderation and mutual understanding.
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On 18 August, Tugia said that the parliamentary committee needed more money to continue with public consultations on the bill, and said that an application had been lodged with the Ministry of Finance.
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On 17 August the House of Representatives voted to approve a request from Tugia to extend the time for the committee to hear submissions on the bill. Tugia said the extension was necessary because
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In late November 2006, Bainimarama handed down a list of demands to Qarase, one of which was the withdrawal of three controversial bills, including the Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill.
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said, that was the ultimate arbiter on the bill, and while the Military was entitled to its opinion, it was not the government. Bale's comments followed a statement by Military Commander
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Prime Minister Qarase announced on 18 January that the tabling of the legislation for final parliamentary approval was being postponed until further notice, pending "consultations."
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message on 1 January 2006, he declared the bill to be the only way forward for Fiji. The legislation was vitally important for the harmonious and stable development of the country.
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cautiously welcomed the committee's recommendations. The society had wanted the amnesty clauses deleted, he said, but the amendments went some way towards allaying their fears.
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This move followed an extraordinary week which had seen unusual troop and naval deployments, rumours of a possible coup, and the dismissal of a senior Army officer for alleged
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on 1 August, Iloilo said that the government had introduced it for the purpose of fostering unity and stability. He welcomed the public debate, saying that reconciliation was
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to have known of the meeting before the article was published. The FLP further alleged that the Prime Minister had intended to ask the President to use his position as
967: 911: 871:"While both sides of the argument clearly want to see a better Fiji freed from the 'coup culture', the two sides have different views on how best this can be achieved," 1341:, said that the time and money invested by the government in the bill had been a waste, with Rae adding that it had caused a great deal of division in Fijian society. 935:, while 29% of indigenous Fijians and 60% of Indo-Fijians opposed it. 10% of indigenous Fijians and 14% of Indo-Fijians said they did not care one way or the other. 3217: 1237: 927:
on 21 June showed the bill had more opponents (44%) than supporters (35%). 13% had no opinion. There was a clear ethnic division: the bill was supported by 55% of
3325: 1718: 1094:"We thought they would come forward to use this opportunity to air their views. But everyone was given a fair opportunity to air their views on the draft Bill," 680: 3267: 2133: 754: 749: 1948: 1916: 1796: 1679: 1002:, the wife of an army officer, has not been verified, and spokesmen for the President and Prime Minister would not confirm or deny it, but on 27 June, the 3332: 3127: 1189: 999: 1099:
Tugia said that in attempting to reconcile the diametrically opposed views on the bill, the committee had studied similar legislation in countries like
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party returned to power, he would tolerate it only as long as it did not attempt to re-introduce the Bill. "If you do it, I'll remove you," he warned.
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and felt that there should be no blanket amnesty, and that constitutional procedures should be followed scrupulously It called for the exclusion of
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he said. He commended the committee for telling the government that if it wanted to pass the bill, it was very important to consult the public.
939: 3320: 1900: 1758: 1722: 1452: 1446: 1044:"There will be changes particularly in the Amnesty provision ... so that the Bill is constitutional and in accordance with the Bill of Rights," 2262:
legislation, which continued unremittingly throughout May and into June, further strained his already tense relationship with the government.
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A few Fijian citizens considered the debate over the controversial legislation to be an irrelevance, or otherwise refused to comment on it.
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news service, Qarase said that the bill would not be withdrawn, but that the amnesty clauses would be given a "makeover" to ensure that the
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said on 3 March that the Military was still opposed to the bill, and warned any winner of the general election against reintroducing it.
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the Military, including legislation defining indigenous fishing rights and establishing a separate indigenous court system, Qarase said.
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and offences against public order should also be excluded, the committee said, but amnesty could be granted for non-violent crimes like
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angrily accused the media of bias. He blamed lack of objective reporting in the media for the negative public reception to the bill.
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answer any question asked by the Reconciliation Commission, the case should be referred directly to the courts, the report proposed.
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said on 15 July that the bill was the least of his worries. Of far greater concern to him was the government's failure to resolve
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On 2 October, Manasa Tugia, the chairman of the parliamentary committee looking into other bill, said that he would not tolerate
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Persons interfering with the commission would face a possible fine of five thousand dollars, or up to two years' imprisonment.
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spoke out on 16 September to express concern about the tone of the debate over the bill. He was reacting to comments made by
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revealed on 8 September 2005 that Prime Minister Qarase had assured him that significant changes would be made to the bill.
3232: 3157: 1285: 1202:"I can't understand how people who harbour these biases can reconcile their hatred of others with their religious beliefs," 1030:
On 4 October, Prime Minister Qarase said that significant amendments to the legislation were in the pipeline. Speaking on
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on 2 July revealed that only 4% of the population have read the bill fully, with a further 16% having read it partially.
383: 379: 365: 1120:"that amnesty is to be granted in-line with the constitution and not the through the President as proposed by the Bill". 3379: 3202: 2368: 1244:
Commander, Commodore Frank Bainimarama (an implacable opponent of the bill), under the auspices of Vice-President Ratu
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Prime Minister Qarase announced on 1 December that the bill would be tabled in Parliament later that day, and that the
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from persons making parliamentary submissions on the bill, and that all comments would be limited to the bill itself.
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on 4 May 2005 was passed. The legislation proposed to empower the commission to grant amnesty to perpetrators of the
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Prime Minister Qarase and Opposition Leader Chaudhry withheld comment pending a study of the proposed changes, but
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been decided on by the Cabinet, and would be brought before Parliament in the session beginning on 13 February.
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welcomed the postponement of the bill, but said that his wish was to see it "completely withdrawn," while
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that whatever amendments the government might propose, the Military was still opposed to the legislation.
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Hughes reiterated on 19 September that persons making racist threats needed to be stopped, and called on
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announced on 5 July that the bill was likely to be tabled in Parliament in September, but on 10 August,
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Manasa Tugia, Chairman of Parliament's Justice, Law, and Order Committee, tabled the committee's
1048:"Plus it does not interfere with the judiciary, police, and the Director of Public Prosecutions." 880: 479: 465: 460: 322: 181: 2812: 2807: 2721: 2706: 2680: 2665: 2583: 2346: 2043: 1802: 1016: 987: 848:. Its purported objectives were to promote reconciliation in a spirit of tolerance and unity. 841: 610: 496: 435: 85: 1563:, from the yellow ribbons that many opponents of the bill wore around their wrists in public. 3374: 1735: 1387: 170: 165: 3353: 2984: 2965: 2902: 2848: 2748: 2711: 2518: 1969: 1143: 1042:
was not violated and that the independence of law-enforcing agencies was not compromised.
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reported on 25 June that in a closed-door meeting with the Prime Minister, President
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The committee recommended retaining the most controversial part of the bill, the
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Report of the Parliamentary Sector Standing Committee on Justice, Law and Order
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he protested. He called the setback a slap in the face for CAMV supporters in
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translation of the bill states that in addition to the commission, a 22-member
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International Federation of Chemical, Energy, Mine and General Workers Union
1240:(the official residence of the President between the Prime Minister and the 2994: 2917: 2218: 2153: 1933: 1824: 1744: 1673: 1636: 1578: 1423: 1330: 1293: 1274: 1159: 1100: 884: 858: 450: 2970: 2233: 2171: 2011: 1893: 1841: 1648: 1208: 174: 2294: 2006:
International reaction to the Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill
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Military opposition to the Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill
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Gregory Allen, the former assistant director of Public Prosecutions.
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Nuanced voices on the Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill
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women's organization (though apparently with some dissenters).
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The bill had the strong support of Prime Minister Qarase,
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Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation
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Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill (main article)
1999: 1363:. It was warmly welcomed by imprisoned coup instigator 2343:"CDNN Special Report :: Fiji - Racism in Paradise" 1966:, sister-in-law of the National Alliance Party founder. 1633:
Ema Druavesi, Secretary of the Fijian Political Party.
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clauses, but proposed that they be reworded to clarify
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radio and on Radio Sargam, which is affiliated to the
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The Military (Commander Commodore Frank Bainimarama).
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Text of the proposed bill, on the Fiji Times website
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Archived from 2335: 1778:, the former President of the 1484:Vugalei Landowners Association 1433:, including General Secretary 1329:Party (SVT) General Secretary 1236:, culminating in a meeting at 1: 2328: 2148:Fiji Human Rights Groups (NZ) 2136:, an executive member of the 2071:Bar Association of Queensland 1885:Soqosoqo Vakamarama i Taukei. 1875:Fiji Institute of Accountants 1832:Citizens Constitutional Forum 1755:Jesus Christ Apostolic Church 1296:. To shelve the bill was to 1225:Fijian general election, 2006 1142:from amnesty under the bill. 950:Warnings to media, foreigners 779:Constitutional crisis of 2009 625:Constitutional crisis of 1977 1883:of the women's organization 1861:Fiji Human Rights Commission 1692:, a Minister in the deposed 1684:Ra Fiji Cane Growers Council 1520:Soqosoqo Vakamarama i Taukei 1420:Ratu Amenatave Rabona Ravoka 914:imposed disabilities on the 597:The rise and fall of Cakobau 223:Post-independence elections 7: 2452: 2156:, Secretary-General of the 2103:, General secretary of the 1919:, editor of the Fiji Times. 1911:Communications Fiji Limited 1892:, General Secretary of the 844:, in consultation with the 10: 3401: 2254: 2088: 2003: 1896:cane-growers' association. 1850:Fiji Women's Crisis Centre 1551: 1408:Labasa Chamber of Commerce 1348: 1218: 1215:Parliamentary vote delayed 3380:Political history of Fiji 3341: 3317:United States of America 3292:Timor-Leste (East Timor) 3118: 3047: 3035:Traditions and ceremonies 2951: 2898: 2889: 2844: 2835: 2702: 2693: 2641: 2632: 2609:Reconciliation Commission 2599:Military–church relations 2552: 2308:Former Opposition Leader 2146:of the New Zealand-based 1974:National Council of Women 1335:National Federation Party 968:Fiji Employers Federation 906:Controversial legislation 635:Military–church relations 2818:Leader of the Opposition 1561:"Yellow Ribbon Campaign" 846:Leader of the Opposition 446:House of Representatives 115:Leader of the Opposition 2737:Great Council of Chiefs 2369:"Amnesty International" 2301:with the government of 2285:Disinterested positions 2164:Ratu Sairusi Nagagavoka 2158:Commonwealth of Nations 2105:People's National Party 1701:Religious organizations 1593:National Alliance Party 1528:Great Council of Chiefs 881:Commonwealth of Nations 869:over means, not ends. 480:Great Council of Chiefs 2044:Australian Law Council 1611:Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara 1567:Politicians and chiefs 1554:Yellow Ribbon campaign 1548:Opposition to the bill 1396:Former Prime Minister 1369:"Blue Ribbon campaign" 1271:Fijian Political Party 942:poll published in the 896:Reconciliation Council 730:International reaction 380:Diplomatic missions of 2242:, Paramount Chief of 1909:William Parkinson of 1736:Roman Catholic Church 1719:Arya Pratinidhi Sabha 1659:Ratu Aisea Katonivere 1290:New Nationalist Party 1286:Conservative Alliance 840:on the advice of the 3354:Transitional justice 2184:sub-district of the 2178:Ratu Seru Seruvakula 2085:Calls for moderation 1970:Sharon Baghwan-Rolls 1866:Police Commissioner 1743:(Regional Commander 1620:, younger sister of 1618:Adi Koila Nailatikau 1583:United Peoples Party 1477:Dependency of Rotuma 1351:Blue Ribbon campaign 1345:Support for the bill 1144:Grievous bodily harm 991:Ratu Joni Madraiwiwi 2401:on 6 September 2006 2375:on 30 December 2006 2221:, president of the 2134:Militoni Leweniqila 2054:Sir Geoffrey Palmer 1803:Jehovah's Witnesses 1757:(General Secretary 1690:Adi Ema Tagicakibau 1179:Police Commissioner 998:report, written by 740:Crisis of 2005–2006 718:Military opposition 713:Qualified positions 475:Legislative Council 414:Former and informal 2872:Telecommunications 2425:2009-09-15 at the 2251:2006 military coup 2240:Ratu Josaia Duacia 2180:, Chairman of the 2170:of Ba District in 1990:Maciu Navakasuasua 1964:Bernadette Ganilau 1949:Ulamila Fa-Tuituku 1917:Samisoni Kakaivalu 1797:Moti Chand Maharaj 1741:The Salvation Army 1694:People's Coalition 1680:Senivalati Naitala 1607:Ratu Epeli Ganilau 1589:Ratu Epeli Ganilau 1391:Sir Timoci Tuivaga 1318:Lieutenant Colonel 1273:General Secretary 1265:Opposition Leader 1090:report on the bill 1012:Commander-in-chief 984:Ratu Josefa Iloilo 929:indigenous Fijians 883:Secretary-General 725:Religious reaction 146:Naiqama Lalabalavu 79:Wiliame Katonivere 3362: 3361: 3112:Truth commissions 3078: 3077: 3043: 3042: 2885: 2884: 2831: 2830: 2798:Political parties 2732:Foreign relations 2689: 2688: 2213:Assemblies of God 2200:Prison Fellowship 2027:High Commissioner 1923:Suliana Siwatibau 1799:, a Hindu priest. 1622:Adi Ateca Ganilau 1603:Adi Ateca Ganilau 1591:, founder of the 1573:Mahendra Chaudhry 1466:Adi Litia Cakobau 1453:Ratu Aca Soqosoqo 1373:United Fiji Party 1267:Mahendra Chaudhry 1190:Masi Kaumaitotoya 1148:unlawful assembly 1062:Frank Bainimarama 1026:Compromise mooted 1006:(FLP) claimed on 1004:Fiji Labour Party 1000:Winikiti Bogidrau 916:Indian population 912:1990 Constitution 890:Section 5 of the 831:Fiji coup of 2000 815: 814: 669:Ratu Mara resigns 640:COVID-19 pandemic 592:Discovery of Fiji 549: 548: 441:Executive Council 397:Visa requirements 354:Foreign relations 219:Political parties 3392: 3342:Related concepts 3105: 3098: 3091: 3082: 3081: 3063: 3056: 3005: 2976: 2913:Fijian (iTaukei) 2896: 2895: 2862: 2842: 2841: 2823:Proposed charter 2771:Local government 2700: 2699: 2651:Cities and towns 2639: 2638: 2614:2005–2006 crisis 2535: 2528: 2521: 2512: 2511: 2446: 2436: 2430: 2417: 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Archived from 2365: 2359: 2358: 2356: 2354: 2339: 2293:Business tycoon 2190:Tailevu Province 2118:Foreign Minister 2111:Alexander Downer 2016:Foreign Minister 1846:Edwina Kotoisuva 1821:Fiji Law Society 1667:Macuata Province 1653:Foreign Minister 1581:, leader of the 1488:Ratu Netava Tagi 1443:Soane Tobewaqiri 1381:Methodist Church 1357:Attorney General 1321:Orisi Rabukawaqa 1256:Jioji Kotobalavu 1238:Government House 1156:Fiji Law Society 956:Apisalome Tudreu 931:but only 19% of 910:The now-defunct 852:Attorney-General 807: 800: 793: 620:Dominion of Fiji 579: 569: 551: 550: 541: 534: 527: 431:Governor-General 315:Local government 207:Electoral system 103:Attorney-General 32: 21:Politics of Fiji 16: 15: 3400: 3399: 3395: 3394: 3393: 3391: 3390: 3389: 3365: 3364: 3363: 3358: 3337: 3268:Solomon Islands 3114: 3109: 3079: 3074: 3066: 3059: 3052: 3039: 3003: 2968: 2947: 2881: 2860: 2827: 2766:Law enforcement 2685: 2628: 2572:Colonial period 2548: 2539: 2497: 2492: 2455: 2450: 2449: 2437: 2433: 2427:Wayback Machine 2418: 2414: 2404: 2402: 2393: 2392: 2388: 2378: 2376: 2367: 2366: 2362: 2352: 2350: 2349:on 28 July 2012 2341: 2340: 2336: 2331: 2316:serving on the 2299:a trade dispute 2287: 2259: 2253: 2246:in Ba Province. 2168:Paramount Chief 2124:Eliki Lalauvaki 2093: 2087: 2056:of New Zealand. 2008: 2002: 1984:psychotherapist 1980:Selina Kuruleca 1890:Kallu Dhani Ram 1857:Shaista Shameem 1834:(Director Rev. 1816: 1791:Tessa MacKenzie 1703: 1663:Paramount Chief 1569: 1556: 1550: 1512:Kitione Vuataki 1506:Timoci Silatolu 1435:Iliesa Duvuloco 1404:Jaiwant Krishna 1398:Sitiveni Rabuka 1353: 1347: 1246:Jone Madraiwiwi 1234:insubordination 1227: 1219:Main articles: 1217: 1176: 1174:Police warnings 1140:sexual offences 1109:Solomon Islands 1086: 1028: 976: 964:Lesi Korovavala 952: 908: 811: 764: 734: 685: 567: 560: 545: 516: 512:Other countries 503: 502: 501: 415: 407: 406: 388: 376: 370:Sitiveni Rabuka 356: 346: 345: 340: 323:local elections 317: 307: 306: 301: 202: 192: 191: 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Index

Politics of Fiji

Constitution
History
President
list
Wiliame Katonivere
Prime Minister
Sitiveni Rabuka
Cabinet
Attorney-General
Siromi Turaga
Leader of the Opposition
Inia Seruiratu
Parliament
Naiqama Lalabalavu
Supreme Court
Chief Justice
Kamal Kumar
Court of Appeal
High Court
Elections
Electoral system
Voting
Political parties
1972
Mar 1977
Sep 1977
1982
1987

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