462:, which angered preservationists but satisfied business interests by providing space for a modern office building. Finally, in 1994, the McClier corporation collaborated with the Baldwin Development Company to restore the Reliance Building; these two groups had recently worked together to rehabilitate the Rookery Building. The City of Chicago purchased the property at this time for $ 1.3 million (equivalent to $ 2.67 million in 2023). The Reliance Building's rehabilitation was completed in 1999 at a cost of $ 27.5 million (equivalent to $ 50.3 million in 2023). as the former retail space was converted into a luxury hotel. Canal Street Partners, LLC bought the revitalized space and created the Hotel Burnham. The preservation of this building was championed by the
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393:, which enabled designers to build large, steel-frame buildings on a reinforced concrete foundation, a necessity in Chicago's moist soil. Root and Hale agreed that the new building needed to have large glass windows on the first floor with large, open spaces. On the upper floors, Hale intended to have several stories dedicated to smaller tenants, with offices for doctors and other professionals on the top floors. He also specifically emphasized the need for natural lighting on all floors. The plan for the Reliance Building was consistent with the growing concept of the
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458:. The building continued to fall into disrepair, as the small size of its retail spaces were not appealing to business interests in the late 20th century. The city of Chicago made a commitment to revitalize the structure, but City Hall could not agree on a plan. The debate became particularly polarized after the 1989 demolition of the nearby
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in 1893. At the time, it was believed that the recently developed enameled terra-cotta would never need to be cleaned because its smooth surface would allow any dirt to wash away in the rain. The steel framing on the top ten floors was completed over fifteen days, from July 16 to August 1, 1895. The
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The addition of the remaining floors in 1894–1895 completed the building and marked the "first comprehensive achievement" of the
Chicago construction method. The building's plate-glass windows are set within the terra-cotta-tiled facade. Its steel-frame superstructure is built atop concrete
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community area containing the four-story First
National Bank Building, one of the few offices in downtown Chicago to partially survive the Great Fire. Hale was the founder of the Hale Elevator Company, an early producer of hydraulic elevators necessary in skyscraper design. Hale envisioned a new
318:, a collection of over one hundred buildings that reflects the growth of State and Wabash Streets as the central retail district of Chicago. The building fell into disrepair starting in the 1940s, and was restored in the late 1990s. Since 1999, the building has housed the 122-room
446:, and slowly declined. In October 1948, Karoll's Men's Shop opened a store on the lower two floors, with a modern façade that obliterated the original storefront. However, the upper floors remained hard to fill. On October 15, 1970, the Reliance Building was listed on the
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Reliance
Building, so named for its functionality, opened in March 1895. It was one of the first skyscrapers to offer electricity and phone service in all of its offices. In its first few decades, it provided office space for merchants and health professionals, including
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cladding create an effect of extraordinary lightness. Its steel frame construction is physically light as well, being one-third the weight of an equivalent stone structure. It was a direct precursor of the all-glass
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Honor Award in 2001 for the role of the city in preserving the structure. In
December 2016, Pineapple Hospitality purchased the building and renamed the hotel as first
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on
January 15, 1891, before the completion of his portion of the Reliance Building; his intended design for the rest of the building has never been found.
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a
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to complete the building with E. C. Shankland as lead engineer. After raising the original building's remaining three floors Atwood used white
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a
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tower on the site, but first needed to raze the existing structure. However, its tenants did not want to terminate their leases.
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windows make up the majority of its surface area, foreshadowing a design feature that would become dominant in the 20th century.
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was the first tenant of the
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National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Reliance Building
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and demolished the first. A new basement and ground floor, designed by
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architectural firm in 1890, with the rest of the building completed by
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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A hallway of the Reliance Building following the 1999 restoration
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Instead, Hale lifted the second, third, and fourth floors on
896:"Chicago's Hotel Burnham sold, renamed | Hotel Management"
874:"About Us: Landmarks Preservation Council of Illinois"
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boomed in the late 1870s due to the recovery from the
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Historic district contributing properties in Illinois
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in 1970; and on January 7, 1976, it was designated a
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of architecture, which emphasized the importance of
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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296:in 1895. It is the first skyscraper to have large
1171:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
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284:. The first floor and basement were designed by
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992:. Princeton Architectural Press. p. 297.
911:"Hotel Burnham has a new owner and a new name"
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503:sunk as much as 125 feet beneath the footing.
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757:"Karoll's Men's Shop to Open Store In Loop".
506:The Reliance Building has been called "proto-
454:. On January 7, 1976, it was recognized as a
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967:. Oxford University Press. pp. 38–39.
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616:National Historic Landmark summary listing
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314:The Reliance Building is also part of the
1654:Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building
1111:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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269:located at 1 W. Washington Street in the
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37:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1075:Staypineapple, An Iconic Hotel, The Loop
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472:National Trust for Historic Preservation
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320:Staypineapple, An Iconic Hotel, The Loop
303:The Reliance Building was listed on the
1925:Chicago school architecture in Illinois
1905:1890s architecture in the United States
840:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"
1910:Commercial buildings completed in 1895
1900:National Historic Landmarks in Chicago
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581:"National Register Information System"
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1722:Mundelein College Skyscraper Building
1703:National Register of Historic Places,
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838:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
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1631:National Register of Historic Places
938:; Futagawa, Yukio (April 12, 1983).
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637:Pitts, Carolina (October 15, 1970),
586:National Register of Historic Places
448:National Register of Historic Places
305:National Register of Historic Places
1712:860–880 Lake Shore Drive Apartments
1679:Marshall Field and Company Building
1053:: Chicago Architecture Foundation.
990:Sourcebook of American Architecture
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514:facades. Its stacks of projecting
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1526:National Historic Preservation Act
909:Gallun, Alby (December 21, 2016).
763:. September 18, 1948. p. A5.
442:The building struggled during the
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1015:American Art: History and Culture
942:. New York: Rizzoli. p. 63.
1823:New York Life Insurance Building
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425:glazed architectural terra-cotta
382:firm, were constructed in 1890.
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1479:Federated States of Micronesia
1125:Architectural style categories
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1788:Carbide & Carbon Building
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940:Modern Architecture 1851-1945
559:Oriel Chambers, Liverpool, UK
554:16 Cook Street, Liverpool, UK
362:purchased a small lot in the
316:Loop Retail Historic District
207:Loop Retail Historic District
85:The Reliance Building in 2015
1890:Skyscraper hotels in Chicago
1017:. McGraw-Hill. p. 309.
988:Kidder-Smith, G. E. (2001).
832:American Antiquarian Society
812:American Antiquarian Society
432:World's Columbian Exposition
407:Carson Pirie Scott & Co.
18:United States historic place
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872:Granacki, Victoria (2000).
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1915:Burnham and Root buildings
1742:Roanoke Building and Tower
1626:National Historic Landmark
1531:Historic Preservation Fund
1510:American Legation, Morocco
456:National Historic Landmark
342:Commercial real estate in
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309:National Historic Landmark
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1813:London Guarantee Building
1783:Bryn Mawr Apartment Hotel
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915:Crain's Chicago Business
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537:Marshall Field Warehouse
193:Architectural style
1843:Richard J. Daley Center
1828:The Palmer House Hilton
618:. National Park Service
527:skyscraper proposed by
399:form following function
1448:Minor Outlying Islands
1431:Lists by insular areas
1145:Keeper of the Register
1041:Pridmore, Jay (2003).
1013:Craven, Wayne (2003).
495:
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55:U.S. Historic district
1853:Virgin Hotels Chicago
1808:Inland Steel Building
1644:The Arc at Old Colony
1150:National Park Service
1130:Contributing property
1045:The Reliance Building
760:Chicago Daily Tribune
591:National Park Service
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470:was presented with a
452:National Park Service
356:Depression of 1873–79
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155:41.88278°N 87.62778°W
126:1 W. Washington St.,
59:Contributing property
1737:The Blackstone Hotel
1717:Gage Group Buildings
1505:District of Columbia
898:. December 21, 2016.
876:. Landmarks Illinois
549:Chicago architecture
391:floating raft system
1838:Pittsfield Building
1833:Powhatan Apartments
1649:Auditorium Building
965:Modern Architecture
612:"Reliance Building"
360:William Ellery Hale
326:) and Atwood Cafe.
244:Designated NHL
160:41.88278; -87.62778
151: /
1763:333 North Michigan
1732:Palmolive Building
1684:Monadnock Building
1674:Marquette Building
1669:Manhattan Building
738:on October 6, 2011
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380:Burnham & Root
376:John Wellborn Root
352:Great Chicago Fire
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252:Designated CL
1930:Chicago Landmarks
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1803:Heyworth Building
1798:Civic Opera House
1727:One North LaSalle
1689:Reliance Building
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1135:Historic district
936:Frampton, Kenneth
529:Mies van der Rohe
476:The Alise Chicago
460:McCarthy Building
421:Charles B. Atwood
294:Charles B. Atwood
263:Reliance Building
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231:Significant dates
187:Charles B. Atwood
128:Chicago, Illinois
29:Reliance Building
1942:
1869:Washington Block
1793:Chicago Building
1758:330 North Wabash
1751:Chicago Landmark
1705:Chicago Landmark
1694:Rookery Building
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1060:0-7649-2307-2
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1026:
1024:0-07-141524-6
1020:
1016:
1009:
1001:
999:1-56898-254-2
995:
991:
984:
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974:0-19-284226-9
970:
966:
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951:
949:9780847805068
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931:
916:
912:
905:
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875:
868:
862:, p. 54.
861:
860:Pridmore 2003
856:
841:
833:
826:
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820:
813:
806:
805:
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793:
791:
784:, p. 45.
783:
782:Pridmore 2003
778:
770:
766:
762:
761:
753:
734:
727:
721:
719:
717:
710:, p. 38.
709:
708:Pridmore 2003
704:
698:, p. 34.
697:
696:Pridmore 2003
692:
686:, p. 30.
685:
684:Pridmore 2003
680:
674:, p. 28.
673:
672:Pridmore 2003
668:
662:, p. 21.
661:
660:Pridmore 2003
656:
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324:Hotel Burnham
321:
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255:July 11, 1995
254:
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246:
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236:Added to NRHP
234:
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42:
38:
33:
26:
22:
16:
1818:Mather Tower
1688:
1377:South Dakota
1367:Rhode Island
1362:Pennsylvania
1342:North Dakota
1044:
1014:
1008:
989:
983:
964:
958:
939:
930:
920:February 12,
918:. Retrieved
914:
904:
890:
878:. Retrieved
867:
855:
845:February 29,
843:. Retrieved
823:
803:
777:
758:
752:
740:. Retrieved
733:the original
703:
691:
679:
667:
655:
644:, retrieved
639:
632:
620:. Retrieved
615:
584:
505:
497:
486:Architecture
479:
475:
441:
439:'s dentist.
411:
384:
369:
341:
338:Upper facade
323:
319:
313:
302:
262:
260:
113:Chicago Loop
111:Location in
15:
1618:skyscrapers
1498:Other areas
1458:Puerto Rico
1292:Mississippi
1207:Connecticut
816:1700–1799:
796:1634–1699:
520:terra-cotta
516:bay windows
358:. In 1880,
298:plate glass
158: /
134:Coordinates
1884:Categories
1407:Washington
1327:New Mexico
1322:New Jersey
1197:California
1035:References
533:Richardson
419:architect
415:recruited
372:jackscrews
267:skyscraper
211:ID98001351
146:87°37′40″W
143:41°52′58″N
1417:Wisconsin
1382:Tennessee
1287:Minnesota
1262:Louisiana
769:177522535
742:August 9,
646:August 9,
531:in 1921.
512:Classical
508:Modernist
437:Al Capone
403:pneumonia
286:John Root
183:John Root
179:Architect
174:1890–1895
1862:See also
1573:Category
1402:Virginia
1352:Oklahoma
1332:New York
1307:Nebraska
1297:Missouri
1282:Michigan
1272:Maryland
1257:Kentucky
1237:Illinois
1212:Delaware
1202:Colorado
1192:Arkansas
821:(1992).
801:(1997).
765:ProQuest
622:July 22,
543:See also
501:caissons
428:cladding
348:Illinois
282:Illinois
225:70000237
123:Location
1519:Related
1422:Wyoming
1397:Vermont
1302:Montana
1242:Indiana
1222:Georgia
1217:Florida
1187:Arizona
1177:Alabama
450:by the
378:of the
344:Chicago
330:History
288:of the
278:Chicago
203:Part of
1357:Oregon
1312:Nevada
1252:Kansas
1227:Hawaii
1182:Alaska
1118:Topics
1057:
1021:
996:
971:
946:
880:May 4,
767:
417:Boston
1489:Palau
1387:Texas
1267:Maine
1232:Idaho
828:(PDF)
808:(PDF)
736:(PDF)
729:(PDF)
565:Notes
265:is a
171:Built
1443:Guam
1392:Utah
1347:Ohio
1247:Iowa
1055:ISBN
1019:ISBN
994:ISBN
969:ISBN
944:ISBN
922:2017
882:2007
847:2024
744:2011
648:2011
624:2008
518:and
364:Loop
271:Loop
261:The
535:'s
276:of
220:No.
1886::
1051:IL
913:.
830:.
810:.
789:^
715:^
614:.
599:^
589:.
583:.
572:^
482:.
346:,
311:.
280:,
185:,
1633:,
1628:,
1607:e
1600:t
1593:v
1173::
1103:e
1096:t
1089:v
1063:.
1027:.
1002:.
977:.
952:.
924:.
884:.
849:.
834:.
814:.
771:.
746:.
626:.
213:)
209:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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