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1476:, even if the most energy-efficient, environmentally sound methods are used in design and construction. Bioclimatic design principles are able to reduce energy expenditure and by extension, carbon emissions. Bioclimatic design is a method of building design that takes local climate into account to create comfortable conditions within the structure. This could be as simple as constructing a different shape for the
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1278:
building services or HVAC (heating
Ventilation and Air Conditioning) Electrical Building Services, Plumbing and drainage. Also other possible design Engineer specialists may be involved such as Fire (prevention), Acoustic, façade engineers, building physics, Telecoms, AV (Audio Visual), BMS (Building
670:
in technical usage is the height to the highest architectural detail on the building from street level. Spires and masts may or may not be included in this height, depending on how they are classified. Spires and masts used as antennas are not generally included. The distinction between a low-rise
1433:
Glass buildings, especially all-glass skyscrapers, contribute significantly to climate change due to their energy inefficiency. While these structures are visually appealing and allow abundant natural light, they also trap heat, necessitating increased use of air conditioning systems, which
942:
able to house thousands of people. Increasing settlement density in buildings (and smaller distances between buildings) is usually a response to high ground prices resulting from the desire of many people to live close to their places of employment or similar attractors.
1480:
or facing the building towards the south to maximize solar exposure for energy or lighting purposes. Given the limitations of city planned construction, bioclimatic principles may be employed on a lesser scale, however it is still an effective
1471:
of building as the building sector has the greatest potential to deliver significant cuts in emissions at little or no cost. General guidelines can be summarized as follows: Every building should be as small as possible. Avoid contributing to
1540:(such as offices or factories), these can be extremely intricate systems taking up large amounts of space (sometimes located in separate areas or double floors / false ceilings) and constitute a big part of the regular maintenance required.
1624:
Buildings may be damaged during construction or during maintenance. They may be damaged by accidents involving storms, explosions, subsidence caused by mining, water withdrawal or poor foundations and landslides. Buildings may suffer
631:
A building is 'a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place'; "there was a three-storey building on the corner"; "it was an imposing edifice". In the broadest interpretation a
1279:
Management
Systems) Automatic controls etc. These design Engineers also prepare construction documents which are issued to specialist contractors to obtain a price for the works and to follow for the installations.
1535:
Any building requires a certain general amount of internal infrastructure to function, which includes such elements like heating / cooling, power and telecommunications, water and wastewater etc. Especially in
1447:
According to Global status report from the year 2016, buildings consume more than 30% of all produced energy. The report states that "Under a below 2°C trajectory, effective action to improve building
1874:
1445:
released a publication that estimated that existing buildings are responsible for more than 40% of the world's total primary energy consumption and for 24% of global carbon dioxide emissions.
1835:
562:, primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical separation of the
2253:
Bru, G.; Herrera, G.; Tomás, R.; Duro, J.; Vega, R. De la; Mulas, J. (2013-02-01). "Control of deformation of buildings affected by subsidence using persistent scatterer interferometry".
2011:
1451:
could limit building final energy demand to just above current levels, meaning that the average energy intensity of the global building stock would decrease by more than 80% by 2050".
1434:
contribute to higher carbon emissions. Experts advocate for design modifications and potential restrictions on all-glass edifices to mitigate their detrimental environmental impact.
2405:
Brotóns, V.; Tomás, R.; Ivorra, S.; Alarcón, J. C. (2013-12-17). "Temperature influence on the physical and mechanical properties of a porous rock: San Julian's calcarenite".
1418:
Buildings represent a large part of energy, electricity, water and materials consumption. As of 2020, they account for 37% of global energy use and energy-related CO
1564:
An under construction building in Pune, India. It is a high rise building, located in the South-Eastern Part of the city. In an area commonly known as 'Nine Hills'.
2298:"Multitechnical approach for damage assessment and reinforcement of buildings located on subsiding areas: Study case of a 7-story RC building in Murcia (SE Spain)"
1918:"2020 Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction: Towards a Zero-emissions, Efficient and Resilient Buildings and Construction Sector - Executive Summary"
1422:
emissions, which the United
Nations estimate contributed to 33% of overall worldwide emissions. Including the manufacturing of building materials, the global CO
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39:
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emissions were 39%. If new technologies in construction are not adopted during this time of rapid growth, emissions could double by 2050, according to the
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1985:
1903:
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Soldato, Matteo Del; Bianchini, Silvia; Calcaterra, Domenico; Vita, Pantaleone De; Martire, Diego Di; Tomás, Roberto; Casagli, Nicola (2017-07-12).
1827:
2442:"Thermal effect of high temperatures on the physical and mechanical properties of a granite used in UNESCO World Heritage sites in north Portugal"
2019:
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1975:"2019 Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction Towards a zero-emissions, efficient, and resilient buildings and construction sector"
1972:
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include brick, concrete, stone, and combinations thereof. Buildings are defined to be substantial, permanent structures. Such forms as
2720:
1747:
Geographic
Information Science: Second International Conference, GIScience 2002, Boulder, CO, USA, September 25–28, 2002. Proceedings
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Herrera, G.; Álvarez Fernández, M.I.; Tomás, R.; González-Nicieza, C.; López-Sánchez, J.M.; Álvarez Vigil, A.E. (September 2012).
2904:
1785:
Merriam-Webster's dictionary of synonyms: a dictionary of discriminated synonyms with antonyms and analogous and contrasted words
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or as rectangular blocks surrounded by plots of ground. Houses built as single dwellings may later be divided into apartments or
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1952:
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The practice of designing, constructing, and operating buildings is most usually a collective effort of different groups of
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1973:
Global
Alliance for Buildings and Construction; International Energy Agency; United Nations Environment Programme (2019).
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and flooding. They may become dilapidated through lack of proper maintenance, or alteration work improperly carried out.
1858:
838:
119:
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Sometimes a group of inter-related (and possibly inter-connected) builds are referred to as a complex – for example a
1022:, or floating home). For residents in need of special care, or those society considers dangerous enough to deprive of
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1213:. Depending on the size, complexity, and purpose of a particular building project, the project team may include:
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Tomás, R.; Cano, M.; Pulgarín, L.F.; Brotóns, V.; Benavente, D.; Miranda, T.; Vasconcelos, G. (November 2021).
791:
76:
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2214:"Forensic analysis of buildings affected by mining subsidence based on Differential Interferometry (Part III)"
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1411:
417:
353:
912:) or in terraces, where all but two of the houses have others on either side. Apartments may be built round
261:
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1974:
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and high-rise building is a matter of debate, but generally three stories or less is considered low-rise.
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1441:, approximately 107 million acres (430,000 km) of land in the United States are developed. The
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Some buildings incorporate several or multiple different uses, most commonly commercial and residential.
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The principal design
Engineering disciplines which would normally include the following professionals:
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There is clear evidence of homebuilding from around 18,000 BC. Buildings became common during the
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Structure, typically with a roof and walls, standing more or less permanently in one place
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Goodhew S 2016 Sustainable
Construction Processes A Resource Text. John Wiley & Son
2042:"Wasteful steel-and-glass buildings fuel global climate injustice, says climate expert"
1944:
1329:
1297:
890:
882:. Multi-family residential buildings containing more than one dwelling unit are called
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831:
468:
243:
112:
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703:
542:
541:, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for numerous factors, from
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1917:
1798:
A dictionary of architecture and building: biographical, historical, and descriptive
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Regardless of their size or intended use, all buildings in the US must comply with
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401:
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272:
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Towards zero-emission efficient and resilient buildings GLOBAL STATUS REPORT 2016
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available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses,
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644:, to include natural and human-made formations and ones that do not have walls;
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One or more financial institutions or other investors that provide the funding
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185:
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2012:"Experts call for ban on glass skyscrapers to save energy in climate crisis"
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20:
1851:
Malta before
History – The World's Oldest Free Standing Stone Architecture
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who performs an ALTA/ACSM and construction surveys throughout the project;
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2483:"A review of flood damage analysis for a building structure and contents"
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43:
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who coordinate the effort of different groups of project participants;
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2164:"Bioclimatic architecture, buildings that respect the environment"
1581:
Systems for transport of people between interconnected buildings:
664:
in the idea of excluding scientific or highly skilful treatment."
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2102:. Global Alliance for Buildings and construction. 2016. p. 8
1966:
1770:
Building def. 2. Whitney, William Dwight, and
Benjamin E. Smith.
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1222:
1139:
1023:
979:
963:
925:
734:
716:
712:
660:
in excluding all idea of artistic treatment; and it differs from
624:
530:
946:
Terms for residential buildings reflect such characteristics as
745:
The
Mitilineu House, a city-house in Bucharest, dating from 1898
4112:
3984:
3669:
3645:
3618:
3579:
3513:
3471:
3434:
3424:
3347:
3340:
3296:
3223:
3120:
2879:
2545:
2121:
Watson, Donald (2013), Loftness, Vivian; Haase, Dagmar (eds.),
1614:
1610:
1585:
1462:
1437:
Buildings account for a large amount of land. According to the
1043:
999:
549:, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the concept, see
437:
349:
2344:
1640:
4055:
4023:
4013:
3993:
3868:
3802:
3559:
3486:
3481:
3265:
3182:
3115:
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1115:
1057:
Historically, many people lived in communal buildings called
975:
921:
905:
872:
633:
538:
526:
4163:
4148:
4107:
4060:
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3998:
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1719:
1618:
1377:
1305:
1159:
1155:
1077:
878:
534:
522:
518:
345:
870:
Single-family residential buildings are most often called
42:, "Building #19" redirects here. For the store chain, see
2404:
1800:. vol. 1. New York: The Macmillan Co.; 1901. 2236. Print.
2439:
2347:"A new approach for landslide-induced damage assessment"
1849:
Pace, Anthony (2004). "Tarxien". In Daniel Cilia (ed.).
1787:.. Springfield, Mass: Merriam-Webster, 1984. 787. Print.
920:, or converted to other uses (e.g., offices or shops).
525:, usually standing permanently in one place, such as a
23:. For structures not intended for human occupancy, see
1750:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 110.
1384:—are treated as "buildings" for life safety purposes.
1636:
2252:
1102:A commercial building is one in which at least one
1065:, and houses combined with barns, sometimes called
577:, buildings have been objects or canvasses of much
79:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1774:. vol. 1. New York: Century Co., 1901. 712. Print.
1106:is based and people do not live. Examples include
570:(a place that may be harsh and harmful at times).
1828:"Meet the lodgers: Wildlife in the great indoors"
4200:
2296:Díaz, E.; Robles, P.; Tomás, R. (October 2018).
1809:Paul Francis Wendt and Alan Robert Cerf (1979),
1743:
3177:
2295:
1345:who are responsible for operating the building.
376:); the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests of the
1412:Green building § Reducing environmental impact
1304:services and install building systems such as
1197:, educational complex, hospital complex, etc.
3163:
2584:
1933:"Building Energy Efficiency in Cold Climates"
2598:
1982:UN environment programme Document Repository
1811:Real estate investment analysis and taxation
1739:
1737:
1735:
1467:Green building practices aim to reduce the
924:, especially of the extended-stay variety (
794:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3170:
3156:
2591:
2577:
2465:
2373:
2329:
2237:
2129:, New York, NY: Springer, pp. 1–30,
858:Learn how and when to remove this message
636:or wall is a building. However, the word
566:(a place of comfort and safety) from the
558:Buildings serve several societal needs –
139:Learn how and when to remove this message
2255:Structure and Infrastructure Engineering
1984:. United Nations Environment Programme.
1937:Encyclopedia of Sustainable Technologies
1822:
1732:
1600:
1559:
1518:
1452:
1404:
1387:
1177:
1126:Industrial buildings are those in which
740:
721:
702:
607:
4201:
2120:
2009:
729:city-house on Strada Arthur Verona in
589:has become an intentional part of the
3151:
2572:
2480:
2123:"Bioclimatic Designbioclimaticdesign"
1772:The Century dictionary and cyclopedia
19:For the act of making buildings, see
1991:from the original on 21 October 2020
1930:
1848:
1543:
1503:
792:adding citations to reliable sources
759:
77:adding citations to reliable sources
48:
2354:Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk
2190:. Pb.unimelb.edu.au. Archived from
1796:Building. def 1. Sturgis, Russell.
1231:Local planning and code authorities
13:
1945:10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.10190-3
1875:"plans to convert housing complex"
1596:
1428:United Nations Environment Program
1008:proximity to geographical features
928:), can be classed as residential.
14:
4230:
2524:
2230:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2012.03.003
1691:Lists of buildings and structures
1508:
533:. Buildings come in a variety of
4182:
4181:
3132:
2556:
2544:
2530:
2481:Marvi, Morteza T. (2020-07-01).
1906:from the original on 2017-01-03.
1838:from the original on 2014-11-29.
1639:
1410:This section is an excerpt from
908:. Houses may be built in pairs (
764:
648:is more often used for a fence.
436:from the Hôtel de Varengeville (
318:
309:
300:
289:
280:
271:
260:
251:
242:
231:
222:
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193:
184:
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53:
3026:Residential cluster development
2474:
2446:Journal of Building Engineering
2433:
2398:
2338:
2322:10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.07.031
2289:
2246:
2205:
2180:
2156:
2114:
2087:
2078:
2064:
2034:
2003:
1924:
1910:
1661:Commercial modular construction
1485:to reduce environmental impact.
1150:Agricultural buildings are the
1145:
581:. In recent years, interest in
64:needs additional citations for
2678:Shopping streets and districts
2127:Sustainable Built Environments
2048:. Oct 19, 2019. Archived from
2010:Tapper, James (Jul 28, 2019).
1939:, Elsevier, pp. 149–157,
1892:
1867:
1842:
1816:
1803:
1790:
1777:
1764:
1357:and other regulations such as
931:Building types may range from
900:are apartments that occupants
749:
737:, currently part of a bookshop
597:and other structures, usually
1:
2535:The dictionary definition of
2375:10.1080/19475705.2017.1347896
2135:10.1007/978-1-4614-5828-9_225
1726:
1121:
1097:
603:
2804:Model dwellings for the poor
2427:10.1016/j.enggeo.2013.10.012
2267:10.1080/15732479.2010.519710
2218:Engineering Failure Analysis
1552:of people within buildings:
1439:National Resources Inventory
1165:
7:
1632:
1443:International Energy Agency
1200:
1061:, smaller dwellings called
10:
4235:
2507:10.1007/s11069-020-03941-w
2458:10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102823
1512:
1488:
1409:
1173:
753:
696:
678:
674:
640:is used more broadly than
477:Théâtre des Champs-Élysées
336:(from left to right): the
37:
18:
4177:
4121:
3934:
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3698:
3541:
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3129:
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2958:
2903:
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2719:
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2413:(Supplement C): 117–127.
1744:Max J. Egenhofer (2002).
1686:List of tallest buildings
1681:List of largest buildings
1577:(horizontal and inclined)
1523:The BB&T Building in
1134:. These edifices include
1084:are therefore considered
958:if occupied seasonally);
370:Kandariya Mahadeva Temple
29:Building (disambiguation)
4214:Buildings and structures
3891:Multi-family residential
2600:Real estate developments
1676:Hurricane-proof building
692:
33:Edifice (disambiguation)
2809:Multifamily residential
1900:"isye building complex"
1365:and related standards.
935:to multimillion-dollar
681:History of architecture
2759:Conservation community
2561:Quotations related to
2302:Engineering Structures
2072:"Buildings – Analysis"
1853:. Miranda Publishers.
1666:Earthquake engineering
1621:
1565:
1532:
1465:
1261:construction documents
1190:
984:manner of construction
746:
738:
719:
699:List of building types
628:
615:under construction in
450:Grand Central Terminal
386:Basilica of San Vitale
27:. For other uses, see
2854:Single-room occupancy
2799:Mixed-use development
2784:Intentional community
2769:Golf course community
2631:Mixed-use development
1931:Nord, Natasa (2017),
1813:, McGraw-Hill, p. 210
1604:
1563:
1522:
1456:
1405:Environmental impacts
1399:Real estate developer
1388:Ownership and funding
1242:Construction managers
1219:real estate developer
1181:
1046:) and group housing (
1040:psychiatric hospitals
744:
725:
706:
611:
573:Ever since the first
552:Nonbuilding structure
25:Nonbuilding structure
2923:Garden city movement
2839:Retirement community
2553:at Wikimedia Commons
1538:commercial buildings
1499:Zero-energy building
1469:environmental impact
1283:Landscape architects
788:improve this section
583:sustainable planning
334:architectural styles
73:improve this article
3337: / Guest room
3086:Planning permission
2829:Residential airpark
2814:Penthouse apartment
2701:Industrial district
2499:2020NatHa.102..967M
2419:2013EngGe.167..117B
2407:Engineering Geology
2366:2017GNHR....8.1524D
2314:2018EngSt.173..744D
2052:on October 19, 2021
1783:Structure. def. 2.
1656:Autonomous building
1647:Architecture portal
1457:Hanging gardens of
996:architectural style
954:(vacation home) or
891:apartment buildings
756:List of house types
709:timber-framed house
650:Sturgis' Dictionary
579:artistic expression
3813:Servants' quarters
3139:Housing portal
2711:Technology centers
1622:
1566:
1533:
1527:is constructed of
1466:
1330:telecommunications
1294:Other consultants;
1289:Interior designers
1191:
1074:building materials
747:
739:
720:
629:
587:building practices
543:building materials
493:Neue Staatsgalerie
426:Château de Maisons
4196:
4195:
3614:Janitorial closet
3348:Bedsit / Miniflat
3145:
3144:
3101:Regional planning
3061:Land-use planning
2943:Urban green space
2938:Planned community
2873:Science/education
2819:Private community
2549:Media related to
2188:"Building Damage"
2144:978-1-4614-5828-9
1954:978-0-12-804792-7
1757:978-3-540-44253-0
1544:Conveying systems
1504:Building services
1478:building envelope
1449:energy efficiency
1368:Vehicles—such as
1363:life safety codes
1351:zoning ordinances
1343:Facility managers
1130:is done, such as
868:
867:
860:
842:
668:Structural height
344:); the Temple of
149:
148:
141:
123:
40:technical reasons
4226:
4185:
4184:
4154:Home improvement
3926:Studio apartment
3718:Kitchen-related
3394:Conversation pit
3181:and spaces of a
3172:
3165:
3158:
3149:
3148:
3137:
3136:
3135:
2890:Satellite campus
2834:Residential area
2789:Luxury apartment
2749:Closed community
2696:Business cluster
2593:
2586:
2579:
2570:
2569:
2560:
2548:
2534:
2519:
2518:
2478:
2472:
2471:
2469:
2437:
2431:
2430:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2377:
2360:(2): 1524–1537.
2351:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2239:20.500.12468/749
2209:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2184:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2101:
2091:
2085:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2022:on July 28, 2019
2018:. Archived from
2007:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1990:
1979:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1914:
1908:
1907:
1896:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1877:. Archived from
1871:
1865:
1864:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1826:(Aug 23, 2014).
1820:
1814:
1807:
1801:
1794:
1788:
1781:
1775:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1741:
1701:Natural disaster
1696:Natural building
1649:
1644:
1643:
1591:Underground city
1495:Low-energy house
1459:One Central Park
1225:for the project;
940:apartment blocks
863:
856:
852:
849:
843:
841:
800:
768:
760:
687:Neolithic period
655:
599:green buildings.
402:Durham Cathedral
378:Temple of Heaven
354:Ancient Egyptian
322:
313:
304:
293:
284:
275:
264:
255:
246:
235:
226:
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81:
57:
49:
4234:
4233:
4229:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4224:
4223:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4192:
4188:Category: Rooms
4173:
4117:
3938:
3930:
3896:Secondary suite
3847:
3722:butler's pantry
3694:
3637:Mechanical room
3590:Electrical room
3549:
3537:
3367:
3311:
3285:Recreation room
3185:
3176:
3146:
3141:
3133:
3131:
3125:
3046:Greenfield land
3016:Brownfield land
3004:
2954:
2899:
2868:
2774:Gated community
2715:
2706:Industrial park
2682:
2668:Shopping center
2636:Office building
2626:Commercial area
2602:
2597:
2527:
2522:
2487:Natural Hazards
2479:
2475:
2438:
2434:
2403:
2399:
2349:
2343:
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2119:
2115:
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2083:
2079:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2055:
2053:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2025:
2023:
2008:
2004:
1994:
1992:
1988:
1977:
1971:
1967:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1929:
1925:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1884:
1882:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1861:
1847:
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1821:
1817:
1808:
1804:
1795:
1791:
1782:
1778:
1769:
1765:
1758:
1742:
1733:
1729:
1724:
1645:
1638:
1635:
1599:
1597:Building damage
1575:Moving sidewalk
1546:
1517:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1487:
1486:
1425:
1421:
1415:
1407:
1390:
1322:fire protection
1306:climate control
1257:building design
1203:
1195:housing complex
1176:
1168:
1148:
1124:
1100:
952:holiday cottage
864:
853:
847:
844:
801:
799:
785:
769:
758:
752:
701:
695:
683:
677:
653:
606:
513:is an enclosed
503:
502:
501:
500:
469:Castel Béranger
410:Sainte-Chapelle
394:Badshahi Mosque
325:
324:
323:
315:
314:
306:
305:
296:
295:
294:
286:
285:
277:
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58:
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17:
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11:
5:
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4178:
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3866:
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3855:
3853:
3849:
3848:
3846:
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3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3808:Servants' hall
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3751:
3750:
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3667:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3634:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3597:
3595:Equipment room
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3556:
3554:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3535:
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3525:
3520:
3511:
3509:Secret passage
3506:
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3494:
3484:
3479:
3474:
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3309:
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3270:
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3268:
3258:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3246:
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3211:
3206:
3201:
3195:
3193:
3187:
3186:
3175:
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3167:
3160:
3152:
3143:
3142:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3111:Urban planning
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3051:Greyfield land
3048:
3043:
3041:Eminent domain
3038:
3036:Context theory
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
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2969:
2967:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2952:
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2940:
2935:
2933:Planned cities
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2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2824:Public housing
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2779:Housing estate
2776:
2771:
2766:
2764:Executive home
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2739:Bungalow court
2736:
2734:Boarding house
2731:
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2526:
2525:External links
2523:
2521:
2520:
2493:(3): 967–995.
2473:
2432:
2397:
2337:
2288:
2261:(2): 188–200.
2245:
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2179:
2155:
2143:
2113:
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2077:
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2002:
1965:
1953:
1923:
1909:
1891:
1866:
1860:978-9990985085
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1802:
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1715:Steel building
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1652:
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1631:
1617:) engulfed by
1605:A building in
1598:
1595:
1594:
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1579:
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1545:
1542:
1525:Macon, Georgia
1515:Physical plant
1513:Main article:
1510:
1509:Physical plant
1507:
1505:
1502:
1491:Green building
1483:passive method
1423:
1419:
1416:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1389:
1386:
1380:and passenger
1355:building codes
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1128:heavy industry
1123:
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754:Main article:
751:
748:
697:Main article:
694:
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673:
652:included that
605:
602:
591:design process
575:cave paintings
555:for contrast.
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3944:
3943:
3941:
3937:
3936:Architectural
3933:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3916:Semi-detached
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
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3833:Swimming pool
3831:
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3773:Great chamber
3771:
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3685:Wiring closet
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3656:Semi-basement
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
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3633:
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3316:Private rooms
3314:
3308:
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3298:
3295:
3291:
3290:billiard room
3288:
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3286:
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3244:dirty kitchen
3242:
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3140:
3128:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3096:Redevelopment
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3056:Groundscraper
3054:
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3049:
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3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3009:Miscellaneous
3007:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2974:
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2957:
2949:
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2945:
2944:
2941:
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2929:
2928:Model village
2926:
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2916:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2885:Research park
2883:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2864:Tract housing
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2849:Rooming house
2847:
2845:
2844:Revenue house
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
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2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
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2691:
2689:
2685:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2672:Shopping mall
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2621:Business park
2619:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2594:
2589:
2587:
2582:
2580:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2564:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2541:at Wiktionary
2540:
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2533:
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2516:
2512:
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2500:
2496:
2492:
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2341:
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2319:
2315:
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2303:
2299:
2292:
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2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2249:
2240:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2208:
2194:on 2014-02-14
2193:
2189:
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2169:
2165:
2159:
2146:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2117:
2098:
2097:
2090:
2081:
2073:
2067:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2037:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2006:
1987:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1956:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1927:
1919:
1913:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1881:on 2017-01-10
1880:
1876:
1870:
1862:
1856:
1852:
1845:
1837:
1833:
1832:New Scientist
1829:
1825:
1819:
1812:
1806:
1799:
1793:
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1541:
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1530:
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1455:
1450:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1413:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1394:Mortgage loan
1392:
1391:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:Marketing or
1334:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1207:professionals
1198:
1196:
1188:
1185:panel framed
1184:
1180:
1171:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1132:manufacturing
1129:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1032:nursing homes
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1012:earth shelter
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
944:
941:
938:
934:
929:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
910:semi-detached
907:
903:
899:
898:
893:
892:
887:
886:
881:
880:
875:
874:
862:
859:
851:
840:
837:
833:
830:
826:
823:
819:
816:
812:
809: –
808:
804:
803:Find sources:
797:
793:
789:
783:
782:
778:
773:This section
771:
767:
762:
761:
757:
743:
736:
732:
728:
724:
718:
714:
710:
705:
700:
690:
688:
682:
672:
669:
665:
663:
659:
656:differs from
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
601:
600:
596:
595:new buildings
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
571:
569:
565:
564:human habitat
561:
556:
554:
553:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
498:
494:
490:
486:
485:Fagus Factory
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
461:New York City
458:
455:
451:
447:
443:
442:Petit Trianon
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
418:the Tempietto
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
358:Maison Carrée
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
328:Short visual
321:
312:
303:
292:
283:
274:
263:
254:
245:
234:
225:
216:
205:
196:
187:
176:
167:
158:
143:
140:
132:
121:
118:
114:
111:
107:
104:
100:
97:
93:
90: –
89:
85:
84:Find sources:
78:
74:
68:
67:
62:This article
60:
56:
51:
50:
45:
41:
34:
30:
26:
22:
4066:Roof lantern
3818:Smoking room
3788:Long gallery
3768:Drawing room
3754:Conservatory
3661:Storm cellar
3632:Storage room
3628:Utility room
3624:Laundry room
3600:Furnace room
3191:Shared rooms
3106:Urban design
3031:Construction
2959:
2918:Civic center
2895:Science park
2754:Company town
2653:Power center
2565:at Wikiquote
2537:
2490:
2486:
2476:
2467:10045/115630
2449:
2445:
2435:
2410:
2406:
2400:
2357:
2353:
2340:
2305:
2301:
2291:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2221:
2217:
2207:
2196:. Retrieved
2192:the original
2182:
2171:. Retrieved
2167:
2158:
2148:, retrieved
2126:
2116:
2104:. Retrieved
2095:
2089:
2080:
2066:
2054:. Retrieved
2050:the original
2045:
2036:
2024:. Retrieved
2020:the original
2016:The Guardian
2015:
2005:
1993:. Retrieved
1981:
1968:
1958:, retrieved
1936:
1926:
1912:
1894:
1883:. Retrieved
1879:the original
1869:
1850:
1844:
1831:
1818:
1810:
1805:
1797:
1792:
1784:
1779:
1771:
1766:
1746:
1623:
1580:
1548:Systems for
1547:
1534:
1436:
1432:
1417:
1367:
1348:
1302:construction
1300:who provide
1259:and prepare
1255:who provide
1221:who secures
1204:
1192:
1169:
1152:outbuildings
1149:
1146:Agricultural
1125:
1101:
1091:
1085:
1071:
1056:
1028:institutions
1026:, there are
1007:
995:
983:
971:
959:
947:
945:
930:
904:rather than
897:Condominiums
895:
889:
883:
877:
871:
869:
854:
845:
835:
828:
821:
814:
802:
786:Please help
774:
727:Belle Époque
684:
667:
666:
662:construction
658:architecture
645:
641:
637:
630:
572:
567:
557:
550:
510:
506:
504:
446:Neoclassical
342:Mesopotamian
135:
129:October 2023
126:
116:
109:
102:
95:
83:
71:Please help
66:verification
63:
21:Construction
4219:Real estate
4159:Home repair
3956:Belt course
3864:Hidden room
3793:Lumber room
3709:Antechamber
3700:Great house
3680:Wine cellar
3651:Root cellar
3604:Boiler room
3585:Crawl space
3256:Living room
3249:kitchenette
3234:Home cinema
3219:Family room
3214:Dining room
3204:Common room
3066:Nonbuilding
2995:Tower block
2859:Subdivision
2721:Residential
2658:Retail park
2331:10045/77547
2308:: 744–757.
1671:Float glass
1627:fire damage
1607:Massueville
1298:Contractors
1158:located on
1052:dormitories
1016:stilt house
992:mobile home
968:great house
750:Residential
613:Skyscrapers
491:); and the
473:Art Nouveau
422:Renaissance
338:Ishtar Gate
44:Building 19
4203:Categories
4169:Tree house
4139:Front yard
4071:Sill plate
4019:Foundation
3961:Bressummer
3874:house plan
3843:Undercroft
3828:State room
3778:Great hall
3747:still room
3414:dumbwaiter
3399:Cubby-hole
3229:Great room
3199:Bonus room
3091:Playground
2990:Skyscraper
2744:City block
2688:Industrial
2663:Riverfront
2608:Commercial
2452:: 102823.
2198:2014-08-22
2173:2022-04-03
2150:2023-07-12
1995:20 October
1960:2022-04-04
1885:2017-02-23
1727:References
1710:Skyscraper
1705:earthquake
1489:See also:
1359:fire codes
1318:decoration
1310:electrical
1276:Mechanical
1272:Structural
1249:architects
1154:, such as
1136:warehouses
1122:Industrial
1112:restaurant
1098:Commercial
1082:motorhomes
1067:housebarns
1063:pit-houses
1059:longhouses
1036:orphanages
918:bedsitters
914:courtyards
818:newspapers
807:"Building"
679:See also:
617:Kalasatama
604:Definition
497:Postmodern
465:Beaux-Arts
406:Romanesque
99:newspapers
88:"Building"
4093:Threshold
3976:Colonnade
3921:Townhouse
3859:Furniture
3763:Courtyard
3665:Safe room
3575:Cloakroom
3543:Technical
3533:Vestibule
3518:Staircase
3457:Inglenook
3430:Fireplace
3389:Breezeway
3261:Gynaeceum
2973:Apartment
2960:Buildings
2905:Municipal
2794:McMansion
2551:Buildings
2515:1573-0840
2384:1947-5705
2283:110521863
2275:1573-2479
2224:: 67–76.
2168:Iberdrola
1834:: 34–37.
1570:Escalator
1550:transport
1253:engineers
1247:Licensed
1166:Mixed use
1140:factories
1092:buildings
1087:dwellings
1020:houseboat
1004:Victorian
956:timeshare
937:high-rise
848:June 2023
775:does not
731:Bucharest
646:structure
638:structure
560:occupancy
515:structure
457:Manhattan
390:Byzantine
4209:Building
4134:Driveway
4129:Backyard
4088:Skylight
4051:Plumbing
4046:Ornament
4041:Lighting
3951:Baluster
3939:elements
3911:Detached
3906:Terraced
3758:Orangery
3737:scullery
3714:Ballroom
3690:Workshop
3675:Wardrobe
3663: /
3630: /
3626: /
3602: /
3565:Basement
3497:sleeping
3492:screened
3477:Overhang
3421:Entryway
3409:Elevator
3323:Bathroom
3278:man cave
3021:Cemetery
2913:Arcology
2729:Agrihood
2563:Building
2538:building
2392:73697187
2046:phys.org
1986:Archived
1904:Archived
1836:Archived
1824:Rob Dunn
1633:See also
1557:Elevator
1529:aluminum
1382:aircraft
1374:caravans
1370:trailers
1326:security
1314:plumbing
1236:surveyor
1201:Creation
1189:in Korea
1183:Aluminum
1104:business
1090:but not
1048:barracks
988:log home
948:function
926:apartels
885:duplexes
642:building
621:Helsinki
593:of many
547:prestige
507:building
481:Art Deco
434:boiserie
4122:Related
4098:Transom
3990:Cornice
3980:Portico
3971:Chimney
3966:Ceiling
3798:Parlour
3783:Library
3742:spicery
3732:saucery
3727:buttery
3570:Carport
3552:storage
3547:utility
3528:Veranda
3523:Terrace
3452:Hallway
3384:Balcony
3363:Nursery
3358:Cabinet
3353:Boudoir
3335:Bedroom
3307:Sunroom
3239:Kitchen
3081:Parking
2616:Airport
2495:Bibcode
2415:Bibcode
2362:Bibcode
2310:Bibcode
2106:1 April
1920:. 2020.
1339:agents;
1337:leasing
1223:funding
1174:Complex
1072:Common
1044:prisons
1024:liberty
1006:); and
980:mansion
964:cottage
950:(e.g.,
832:scholar
796:removed
781:sources
735:Romania
717:Germany
713:Marburg
675:History
625:Finland
568:outside
531:factory
517:with a
511:edifice
483:); the
475:); the
467:); the
454:Midtown
440:); the
430:Baroque
400:); the
398:Islamic
384:); the
382:Chinese
368:); the
356:); the
330:history
113:scholar
4186:
4144:Garden
4113:Window
4056:Quoins
4034:Portal
3985:Column
3901:Duplex
3879:styles
3838:Turret
3670:Studio
3646:Pantry
3619:Larder
3609:Garage
3580:Closet
3514:Stairs
3472:Loggia
3435:hearth
3425:Genkan
3379:Atrium
3372:Spaces
3341:closet
3328:toilet
3297:Shrine
3273:Andron
3224:Garret
3121:Zoning
2880:Campus
2646:inland
2513:
2390:
2382:
2281:
2273:
2141:
2056:Sep 7,
2026:Sep 7,
1951:
1857:
1754:
1615:Canada
1611:Quebec
1586:Skyway
1497:, and
1474:sprawl
1463:Sydney
1211:trades
1116:hotels
1114:, and
1108:stores
1042:, and
1000:castle
922:Hotels
873:houses
834:
827:
820:
813:
805:
627:(2021)
539:shapes
489:Modern
438:Rococo
414:Gothic
374:Indian
350:Philae
115:
108:
101:
94:
86:
4103:Vault
4076:Style
4024:Gable
4014:Floor
3994:Eaves
3884:types
3869:House
3852:Other
3823:Solar
3803:Sauna
3702:areas
3641:floor
3560:Attic
3487:Porch
3482:Patio
3462:Lanai
3442:Foyer
3302:Study
3266:harem
3183:house
3179:Rooms
3116:YIMBY
3071:NIMBY
3000:Villa
2983:types
2978:House
2964:types
2948:parks
2388:S2CID
2350:(PDF)
2279:S2CID
2100:(PDF)
1989:(PDF)
1978:(PDF)
1378:ships
1268:Civil
1160:farms
1156:barns
1078:yurts
976:shack
972:value
879:homes
839:JSTOR
825:books
693:Types
634:fence
535:sizes
527:house
523:walls
366:Roman
362:Greco
348:from
120:JSTOR
106:books
4164:Shed
4149:Home
4108:Wall
4081:list
4061:Roof
4029:Gate
4004:Door
3999:Dome
3946:Arch
3550:and
3504:Ramp
3467:Loft
3447:Hall
3404:Deck
3076:Park
2641:Port
2511:ISSN
2380:ISSN
2271:ISSN
2139:ISBN
2108:2022
2058:2021
2028:2023
1997:2020
1949:ISBN
1855:ISBN
1752:ISBN
1720:Tent
1703:and
1619:fire
1328:and
1251:and
1209:and
1138:and
1080:and
1050:and
960:size
933:huts
906:rent
811:news
779:any
777:cite
585:and
521:and
519:roof
346:Isis
92:news
38:For
31:and
4009:Ell
3209:Den
2503:doi
2491:102
2462:hdl
2454:doi
2423:doi
2411:167
2370:doi
2326:hdl
2318:doi
2306:173
2263:doi
2234:hdl
2226:doi
2131:doi
1941:doi
1054:).
1002:or
994:);
990:or
982:);
978:or
970:);
966:or
902:own
888:or
876:or
790:by
711:in
529:or
509:or
448:);
432:);
424:);
416:);
408:);
392:);
332:of
75:by
4205::
3992:/
3978:/
3756:/
3639:/
3545:,
2509:.
2501:.
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