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Retro Studios

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3600: 644: 3588: 3576: 29: 459:, and instead used new sound models, weapon effects, and art designs. A multiplayer component was also added to the game. In April 2003, Steve Barcia left the company. Michael Kelbaugh, who had worked with Nintendo for over 15 years, was appointed president, a job he retains to this date. Retro tried to include some extras, such as a hidden version of 421:
s development, Retro's staff worked 80- to 100-hour weeks to reach their final milestone. Despite its troubled production cycle and initial skepticism from fans, the game was released on November 17, 2002, in North America to universal critical acclaim and commercial success, selling over two million
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The game mostly consisted of concept artwork, design documents, and a mock up engine for a third-person game that was reworked into a first-person game due to pressure from Nintendo and Retro executives. This game was eventually cancelled, but apparently inspired Shigeru Miyamoto to hand Retro the
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offered, and over the course of six months, two thirds of the game's tools and engine had to be rewritten by the programmers. Development accelerated at the outset of 2010, and the project was just "beginning to cohere as a game" around the time of
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had been delayed, and that development had been restarted with Retro Studios. Takahashi said that development under the previous studio had not met Nintendo's standards. Nintendo's shares fell by 2.8 percent in the week following the announcement.
673:-themed levels, but the number evolved to the stage design of sixteen tracks in the late stages of development, as the Nintendo EAD crew started working on other projects and the game would not be finished before the December 2011 deadline. 1651: 469:
later revealed in an interview that the game was just about thirty percent complete three months before the strict deadline Nintendo had set for a release in the 2004 holiday season. The critical reception for
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In April 2008, Retro saw the departure of three key developers, designer Mark Pacini, art director Todd Keller, and principal technology engineer Jack Mathews, who went on to form their own company,
2969: 2690: 2822: 1643: 2657: 1472: 334:. By the time development began, the studio had already grown in size to 120 employees. The company continued to grow during production, eventually peaking at over 200 employees. 1954: 619:, the game was developed with the intention to invoke nostalgic feelings in the player with its art style and sound, while trying to provide them with new gameplay experiences. 697:
On February 28, 2014, Kensuke Tanabe announced that Retro Studios was working on a new game, which CEO Michael Kelbaugh declared had been in development for a few months since
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On May 2, 2002, Nintendo secured $ 1 million worth of Retro Studios stock from Spangenberg, and reclassified the company as a first party developer and division of Nintendo.
2626: 2892: 2779: 2932: 2756: 709:, Tanabe said that he was not quite sure about what Retro Studios was working on, leaving the impression that he was no longer involved with their unannounced project. 2992: 1848: 2723: 2593: 337:
The working environment was chaotic, with development getting behind schedule, and Nintendo executives complaining on how the games turned out. In 2000, producer
1400: 2527: 2260: 1548: 640:, when it was officially announced to the press. Although the game was set for release in autumn that year, the team still had 70 levels to create or refine. 607:
series during his years at Nintendo of America, and had interest in continuing with the franchise. Retro accepted the task, and thus started development of
2398: 1904: 3640: 2955: 2680: 2560: 694:, Nintendo of America president Reggie Fils-Aimé told IGN in an interview that Retro is currently "hard at work" on an untitled project for the Wii U. 391:
in 2001, the development team was plagued by technical setbacks. In July 2001, Retro canceled the project, retaining only nine team members to work on
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suffered many delays, but eventually being released in August 2007 generally positive reviews, and over 1.60 million copies sold worldwide.
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development kit, and was reportedly working on a Wii U game. Miyamoto has said he would like to work with Retro Studios in an installment for
3244: 3179: 2496: 3660: 3655: 453:, Nintendo asked Retro Studios to produce a sequel. The developers decided against recycling the features of the first game while creating 281:. Spangenberg subsequently launched the company from his home on October 1, using funds he generated with his previous ventures, including 2649: 1870: 3314: 3262: 2217: 1706: 1464: 1438: 1805: 1746: 3650: 1944: 227:
aiming at an older demographic. The company began work on four games, all of which were canceled once Retro focused their resources on
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2001, but production was plagued with technical setbacks, and the game eventually got canceled in July 2001 so Retro could focus on
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in February 2001. Two members of the development team, programmer David "Zoid" Kirsch and modeler Rick Kohler, joined the
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in early 1999 with a staff of 25 people, including several former Iguana employees. Despite not having access to GameCube
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license due to Retro's purpose of creating mature games. The game was canceled in February 2001. A possible cause was
3172: 1390: 659:, it was announced during Nintendo's Developer Roundtable that Retro Studios would be involved in the development of 573: 439: 507:
feature to provide additional content for the game that would be accessible from the Internet. Retro announced that
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series and would have a plot "about closure, told against the backdrop of an epic struggle". After the
307:, the studio immediately began work on four projects for the GameCube: an action adventure game named 3364: 1871:"The President Asks About "Metroid Prime 3: Corruption": Virtues of the West and Virtues of the East" 2845: 1810: 942: 304: 2486: 3113: 3092: 1543: 1129: 957: 815: 455: 328: 110: 559: 3620: 3497: 3106: 3044: 2550: 1880: 861: 291: 3441: 2227: 1714: 3352: 1815: 1076: 996: 827: 799: 615: 548: 396: 348:, which led Miyamoto to suggest that Retro could use the engine to develop a new game in the 2081: 3604: 3357: 3336: 753: 355: 341:
visited the studio. He was disappointed by the games except for their demonstration of the
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was very positive, but earned some criticism on the game's high difficulty. Sales for
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targeting an older demographic, in the same vein as Iguana Entertainment's successful
3549: 3320: 1349: 1111:". Despite being the project with most progress at Retro, it was canceled along with 1107: 1025: 896: 320: 2389:"GDC: 10 Things You Didn't Know About Donkey Kong Country Returns and Retro Studios" 3304: 2555: 1979: 1501: 338: 278: 220: 77: 285:. Nintendo saw an opportunity for the new studio to create games for the upcoming 241:
led Retro to work on three sequels and later to become involved with reviving the
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Retro eventually canceled development of their other projects to focus solely on
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series and has contributed to several other Nintendo-developed projects, such as
2956:"Metroid Prime Dev Retro Studios Pitched A Zelda Game Called 'Heroes Of Hyrule'" 2650:"Tanabe on Metroid Prime: FF - amiibo, backlash, timeline, story, Retro Studios" 2082:"Nintendo Co., Ltd. Financial Results Briefing for Fiscal Year Ended March 2008" 734:
would not be developed by Retro Studios, the studio that developed the previous
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in 2005. Originally envisioned as a launch game for the Wii in November 2006,
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would take advantage of the controller's special abilities with a version of
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Retro Studios was founded on September 21, 1998, as an alliance between
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employs fully polygonal 3D graphics with three times the amount of
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in Singapore. However, in a video released on January 25, 2019,
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was finished. In August 2015 however, during an interview about
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Retro was founded on September 21, 1998, as an alliance between
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game, and Tanabe recommended Retro. Kelbaugh had worked on the
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title featuring a puppet visual style and online multiplayer.
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game, but Nintendo settled on a realistic simulator with the
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In 2012, it was revealed that Retro Studios had received a
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Retro Studios was then put to produce the next game in the
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Armstrong, Rebecca (December 18, 2004). "Computer Games".
1429:"MIGS 2007: Retro Studios On The Journey Of Metroid Prime" 1309:"Anniversary: Retro Studios Celebrates 20 Years In Gaming" 465:, but were halted by the short development time. Producer 375:. In February 2001, the company ended development of both 2850: 2621: 2588: 2459: 2393: 2293: 2156: 1988: 1875: 1774: 1615: 1579: 1510: 1395: 1163: 1038: 850: 722:, showing only the logo. Shortly after the announcement, 358:
conference, Nintendo granted Retro the license to create
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license, thereby moving the development team to produce
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Kumar, Mathew; Alexander, Leigh (November 27, 2007).
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served as lead concept artist on the development of
2289:"E3 2010: Kensuke Tanabe and the Metroid Palm Tree" 785: 503:. The developers were also interested in using the 364:, and Retro shifted all development resources from 2584:"E3 2012: Reggie Discusses Launching Wii U, Retro" 2152:"E3 2005: Metroid Prime Hunters Creator Interview" 1384: 1382: 1380: 1378: 1376: 1374: 1372: 1081:It was initially pitched to Nintendo as a mix of " 2747:"Yes, Bandai Namco is working on Metroid Prime 4" 2282: 2280: 2278: 311:, a vehicular combat game with the working title 3612: 1675:"Nintendo makes Retro Studios a full subsidiary" 760:general manager Shinya Takahashi announced that 2455:"Nintendo Voice Chat: Wii U, Zelda and the 3DS" 1369: 742:, the producer of the previous games. In 2018, 190:. The studio is best known for its work on the 3187: 2318: 2316: 2275: 1426: 1142:. Nine members of its development team joined 1030:The game designers initially wanted to make a 651:. The company moved to a new location in 2011. 3173: 3052: 2947: 2912: 2910: 2185:"Key Metroid Prime Staff Leave Retro Studios" 1391:"A Retrospective: The Story of Retro Studios" 449:After the critical and commercial success of 237:game developed outside Japan. The success of 3315:Nintendo European Research & Development 2218:"Ex-Metroid Prime Devs Form Armature Studio" 1799: 1797: 1641: 1176:in a story that explores the origins of the 2990: 2916: 2313: 1978: 1672: 1500: 3641:American subsidiaries of foreign companies 3180: 3166: 3059: 3045: 2984: 2907: 2870: 2118: 1839:"Nintendo appoints new president at Retro" 1568: 1566: 1338: 1336: 1259:Character designs only; game developed by 223:, hoping to create games for the upcoming 27: 2843: 2419: 2047: 1925: 1803: 1794: 1767: 1608: 1572: 3666:Video game companies established in 1998 3257:Entertainment Analysis & Development 3212:Entertainment Planning & Development 2876: 2744: 2678: 2386: 2249:Sinclair, Brendan (September 17, 2008). 2248: 1984:"Interview: Metroid Prime 3: Corruption" 1837:Varanini, Giancarlo (November 4, 2003). 1836: 1496: 1494: 1492: 1490: 1389:Wade, Kenneth Kyle (December 17, 2004). 1306: 642: 519:was revealed, Nintendo demonstrated how 2499:from the original on September 27, 2016 2215: 2197:from the original on September 21, 2012 2100:from the original on September 10, 2008 2014: 1611:"Raven Blade Killed, Retro Lays off 26" 1604: 1602: 1563: 1518:from the original on September 28, 2012 1333: 3636:American companies established in 1998 3613: 3005:from the original on February 12, 2023 2972:from the original on September 5, 2022 2953: 2935:from the original on September 5, 2022 2895:from the original on September 5, 2022 2759:from the original on November 19, 2018 2711: 2581: 2548: 2530:from the original on February 14, 2013 2517: 2286: 2216:Quillen, Dustin (September 15, 2008). 2182: 2149: 2121:"NST Discusses Metroid Prime: Hunters" 2048:MacDonald, Mark (September 15, 2005). 1942: 1907:from the original on December 13, 2012 1895:"Metroid Prime 2: Echoes for GameCube" 1536: 1462: 1422: 1420: 1418: 1342: 647:Retro Studios' former headquarters in 527:modified for the Wii and shown at the 3450: 3245:Integrated Research & Development 3227: 3161: 3040: 2917:Nightingale, Ed (September 5, 2022). 2825:from the original on February 1, 2019 2810: 2647: 2614: 2263:from the original on October 30, 2019 2164:from the original on December 5, 2008 2074: 1957:from the original on October 20, 2016 1943:Herold, Charles (November 25, 2004). 1749:from the original on October 14, 2012 1707:"Metroid Prime – Development Summary" 1687:from the original on January 25, 2012 1654:from the original on December 1, 2022 1487: 1403:from the original on November 8, 2018 1357:from the original on December 9, 2018 1321:from the original on December 9, 2018 1307:Craddock, Ryan (September 21, 2018). 910: 3146:Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze 2991:Nightingale, Ed (February 6, 2023). 2777: 2660:from the original on August 26, 2016 2563:from the original on January 7, 2012 2119:Bloodworth, Daniel (March 2, 2006). 1599: 1458: 1456: 1388: 913:Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze 700:Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze 582:Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze 572:Further information: Development of 434:Further information: Development of 3661:Video game companies based in Texas 3656:Nintendo divisions and subsidiaries 3263:Software Planning & Development 2549:Kohler, Chris (December 13, 2011). 2420:McWhertor, Michael (June 7, 2011). 2029:from the original on April 11, 2016 1623:from the original on August 7, 2011 1587:from the original on August 7, 2011 1475:from the original on April 18, 2022 1415: 726:, Director of Product Marketing at 13: 2954:Doolan, Liam (September 4, 2022). 2811:Allan, Gareth (January 27, 2019). 2778:Kato, Matthew (January 25, 2019). 2745:Phillips, Tom (February 9, 2018). 2693:from the original on June 15, 2018 2679:McFerran, Damien (June 13, 2017). 2629:from the original on June 13, 2018 2615:Watts, Steve (February 28, 2014). 2596:from the original on June 28, 2012 2518:Sasaki, Kyo (September 29, 2012). 2467:from the original on July 20, 2011 2452: 2434:from the original on June 11, 2011 2387:Claiborn, Samuel (March 3, 2011). 2251:"Metroid Prime vets form Armature" 1996:from the original on June 25, 2007 1770:"Metroid Prime 2 Echoes Interview" 1673:Satterfield, Shane (May 2, 2002). 1642:Murphy, L.D. (November 18, 2022). 1551:from the original on April 2, 2012 1441:from the original on June 16, 2012 511:would be the final chapter of the 14: 3682: 3651:First-party video game developers 3066: 3021: 2858:from the original on June 3, 2012 2131:from the original on June 9, 2012 1851:from the original on May 20, 2014 1782:from the original on May 19, 2011 1453: 542:sequels, they had to pass on the 482:, with a total of 800,000 units. 3671:Video game development companies 3646:Companies based in Austin, Texas 3598: 3586: 3574: 2582:George, Richard (June 6, 2012). 2183:Faylor, Chris (April 23, 2008). 2050:"Revolution Controller Revealed" 1506:"A Space Bounty Hunter in Texas" 1463:Hagues, Alana (April 18, 2022). 738:games, but would be produced by 417:During the final nine months of 354:series. Shortly before the 2000 269:Metroid Prime § Development 3218:Platform Technology Development 2837: 2804: 2771: 2738: 2705: 2672: 2641: 2608: 2575: 2542: 2511: 2479: 2446: 2413: 2380: 2348: 2332:. June 16, 2010. Archived from 2287:Harris, Craig (June 17, 2010). 2242: 2209: 2176: 2143: 2112: 2041: 2015:Surette, Tim (August 5, 2005). 2008: 1936: 1919: 1887: 1863: 1830: 1761: 1729: 1699: 1666: 1635: 1573:IGN Staff (February 15, 2001). 1537:Varney, Allen (April 6, 2006). 1277: 1265: 1253: 706:Metroid Prime: Federation Force 2150:Harris, Craig (May 18, 2005). 1804:NOM Staff (December 3, 2004). 1768:IGN Staff (October 12, 2004). 1530: 1343:Hester, Blake (May 29, 2018). 1300: 538:While Retro was busy with the 1: 3631:2002 mergers and acquisitions 2877:Phillips, Tom (May 6, 2020). 2712:Reeves, Ben (June 13, 2017). 2093:. April 25, 2008. p. 6. 1293: 16:American video game developer 3626:1998 establishments in Texas 3326:Nintendo Software Technology 3240:Research & Development 2 3235:Research & Development 1 2846:"Metroid, Raven Blade Blues" 1737:"Metroid Prime for GameCube" 1261:Nintendo Software Technology 554:Nintendo Software Technology 7: 3132:Donkey Kong Country Returns 3100:Metroid Prime 3: Corruption 2844:IGN Staff (July 11, 2001). 2487:"Iwata Asks - Mario Kart 7" 2017:"Devs talk Metroid Prime 3" 1609:IGN Staff (July 19, 2001). 969: 874:Donkey Kong Country Returns 845:Metroid Prime 3: Corruption 610:Donkey Kong Country Returns 574:Donkey Kong Country Returns 497:Metroid Prime 3: Corruption 492:Metroid Prime 3: Corruption 440:Metroid Prime 3: Corruption 248:Donkey Kong Country Returns 10: 3687: 3251:Research & Engineering 3189:Nintendo development teams 1134:The game was showcased at 571: 552:. The eventual developer, 478:were lower than the first 433: 266: 254: 3365:Camelot Software Planning 3345: 3282: 3204: 3195: 3123: 3074: 1220: 1184: 1150: 1123: 1065: 1019: 1000: 990: 985: 982: 979: 976: 955: 947: 940: 930: 917: 888: 871: 859: 849: 842: 825: 813: 803: 798: 791: 784: 781: 778: 775: 499:larger environments than 495:. Retro intended to give 157: 144: 117: 99: 83: 73: 55: 45: 35: 26: 2648:Brian (August 5, 2015). 1811:Computer and Video Games 1246: 1061:series to the GameCube. 943:Metroid Prime Remastered 768: 260:1998–2002: Founding and 3114:Metroid Prime 4: Beyond 3093:Metroid Prime 2: Echoes 1234:A rejected pitch for a 1196:A rejected pitch for a 958:Metroid Prime 4: Beyond 816:Metroid Prime 2: Echoes 752:was being developed by 472:Metroid Prime 2: Echoes 456:Metroid Prime 2: Echoes 436:Metroid Prime 2: Echoes 59:September 21, 1998 3498:Left Field Productions 3107:Metroid Prime: Trilogy 2364:. 2010. Archived from 1212:who set out to rescue 862:Metroid Prime: Trilogy 652: 444:Metroid Prime: Trilogy 61:; 26 years ago 2125:Nintendo World Report 1648:www.timeextension.com 1049:agreeing to port the 828:Metroid Prime Hunters 646: 616:New Super Mario Bros. 549:Metroid Prime Hunters 277:and industry veteran 267:Further information: 3337:Shiver Entertainment 2792:on February 18, 2019 2726:on November 22, 2018 1883:on October 29, 2010. 1717:on February 28, 2008 754:Bandai Namco Studios 568:, and other projects 356:Nintendo Space World 283:Iguana Entertainment 217:Iguana Entertainment 176:video game developer 3442:The Pokémon Company 3415:Intelligent Systems 2654:Nintendo Everything 2361:Nintendo of America 1818:on January 22, 2009 1504:(August 28, 2009). 1154:The Legend of Zelda 728:Nintendo of America 712:Nintendo announced 683:The Legend of Zelda 604:Donkey Kong Country 562:Donkey Kong Country 172:Retro Studios, Inc. 23: 22:Retro Studios, Inc. 3503:Marigul Management 3269:System Development 2356:"The Magic Moment" 2324:"Iwata Asks: DKCR" 2062:on January 6, 2010 1950:The New York Times 1283:Co-developed with 1271:Co-developed with 1113:NFL Retro Football 1021:NFL Retro Football 653: 395:. Notably, artist 377:NFL Retro Football 325:NFL Retro Football 105:Michael Kelbaugh ( 21: 3562: 3561: 3558: 3557: 3321:Nintendo Pictures 3278: 3277: 3155: 3154: 2453:George, Richard. 1980:Casamassina, Matt 1502:Casamassina, Matt 1244: 1243: 1200:title starring a 1172:title starring a 1108:Street Fighter II 1073:(working titles) 967: 966: 948:Action-adventure 730:, confirmed that 422:units worldwide. 410:, the founder of 368:to the new game. 329:role-playing game 321:American football 169: 168: 3678: 3603: 3602: 3601: 3591: 3590: 3589: 3579: 3578: 3577: 3570: 3448: 3447: 3346:Major affiliates 3305:Next Level Games 3225: 3224: 3182: 3175: 3168: 3159: 3158: 3061: 3054: 3047: 3038: 3037: 3033: 3032: 3030:Official website 3015: 3014: 3012: 3010: 2988: 2982: 2981: 2979: 2977: 2951: 2945: 2944: 2942: 2940: 2914: 2905: 2904: 2902: 2900: 2874: 2868: 2867: 2865: 2863: 2841: 2835: 2834: 2832: 2830: 2808: 2802: 2801: 2799: 2797: 2788:. 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Index


Subsidiary
Video games
Jeff Spangenberg
Austin, Texas
president
CEO
Metroid Prime
Donkey Kong
Parent
Nintendo
retrostudios.com
video game developer
subsidiary
Nintendo
Austin, Texas
Metroid Prime
Donkey Kong
Mario Kart 7
Nintendo
Iguana Entertainment
Jeff Spangenberg
GameCube
Metroid
Donkey Kong Country Returns
Metroid Prime § Development
Nintendo
Jeff Spangenberg
Iguana Entertainment
GameCube

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