602:
55:
582:, who was thought to have urged Louis to revoke Henry IV's edict. There is no formal proof of that, and such views have now been challenged. Madame de Maintenon was by birth a Catholic but was also the granddaughter of Agrippa d'Aubigné, an unrelenting Calvinist. Protestants tried to turn Madame de Maintenon and any time she took the defence of Protestants, she was suspected of relapsing into her family faith. Thus, her position was thin, which wrongly led people to believe that she advocated persecutions.
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1093:"Allocution de M. François Mitterrand, Président de la République, aux cérémonies du tricentenaire de la Révocation de l'Edit de Nantes, sur la tolérance en matière politique et religieuse et l'histoire du protestantisme en France, Paris, Palais de l'UNESCO, vendredi 11 octobre 1985. - vie-publique.fr"
762:. The 1787 edict was nonetheless a pivotal step in eliminating religious strife, and it officially ended religious persecution in France. Moreover, when French revolutionary armies invaded other European countries between 1789 and 1815, they followed a consistent policy of
682:, especially among discreet members of the upper classes. "The fact that a hundred years later, when Protestants were again tolerated, many of them were found to be both commercially prosperous and politically loyal indicates that they fared far better than the
514:
in
October 1685, Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes and ordered the destruction of Huguenot churches as well as the closing of Protestant schools. The edict made official the policy of persecution that was already enforced since the
621:
in 1609 to 1614. All three are similar both as outbursts of religious intolerance ending periods of relative tolerance and in their social and economic effects. In practice, the revocation caused France to suffer a kind of early
959:
In 1898, the tricentennial celebrated the edict as the foundation of the coming Age of
Toleration; the 1998 anniversary, by contrast, was commemorated with a book of essays under the evocatively-ambivalent title
931:"The fate of Catholics at the hands of a triumphant Parliament in England suggests that the Protestants in France would have been no better off under more popular institutions", observed R.R. Palmer,
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719:, were particularly effective in persuading the king to open French society despite concerns expressed by some of his advisors. Thus, on 7 November 1787, Louis XVI signed the
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in Africa and North
America. On 17 January 1686, Louis XIV claimed that out of a Huguenot population of 800,000 to 900,000, only 1,000 to 1,500 had remained in France.
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593:), which legally tolerated only the majority state religion. The French experiment of religious tolerance in Europe was effectively ended for the time being.
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630:. Upon leaving France, Huguenots took with them knowledge of important techniques and styles, which had a significant effect on the quality of the silk,
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The revocation of the Edict of Nantes brought France into line with virtually every other
European country of the period (with the exception of the
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486:, including the rights to work in any field, including for the state, and to bring grievances directly to the king. It marked the end of the
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upon prominent
Huguenots, many Protestants, estimates ranging from 210,000 to 900,000, left France over the next two decades. They sought
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by giving their followers civil and legal recognition as well as the right to form congregations openly after 102 years of prohibition.
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the right to practice their religion without state persecution. Protestants had lost their independence in places of refuge under
1056:
Charles H. O'Brien, "The
Jansenist Campaign for Toleration of Protestants in Late Eighteenth-Century France: Sacred or Secular?"
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persecuted or circumscribed religious communities (Roman
Catholic in some countries, Protestant in others and Jewish in most).
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It has long been said that a strong advocate for persecution of the
Protestants was Louis XIV's pious second wife,
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This article is about the edict passed by Louis XIV. For the edict similarly persecuting
Protestants passed by
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Given at
Fontainebleau in the month of October, in the year of grace 1685, and of our reign the forty-third.
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By the late 18th century, numerous prominent French philosophers and literary men of the day, including
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The lack of universal adherence to his religion did not sit well with Louis XIV's vision of perfected
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in late October 1685, encouraged the Protestants to seek refuge in their nations. Similarly, in 1720
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408:, but they continued to live in comparative security and political contentment. From the outset,
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1131:
Dubois, E. T. "The revocation of the edict of Nantes — Three hundred years later 1685–1985."
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months later, on 29 January 1788. The edict offered relief to the main alternative faiths of
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invited the French Huguenots to seek refuge in Denmark, which they accepted, settling in
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In practice, the stringency of policies outlawing Protestants was opposed by the
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to Catholicism. As a result of the officially-sanctioned persecution by the
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issued a public apology to the descendants of Huguenots around the world.
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industries of those regions to which they relocated. Some rulers, such as
470:. The edict treated some Protestants with tolerance and opened a path for
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End of the persecution of Huguenots and restoration of French citizenship
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Full religious freedom had to wait two more years, with enactment of the
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to individuals and many specific concessions to the Protestants, such as
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The Edict of Fontainebleau is compared by many historians with the 1492
1143:
The persecution of Huguenots and French economic development, 1680-1720
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663:
471:
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Scoville, Warren C. "The Huguenots in the French economy, 1650–1750."
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In October 1985, in the tricentenary of the Edict of Fontainebleau,
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964:(Michel Grandjean and Bernard Roussel, editors, Geneva, 1998).
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that he had created in 1681 to intimidate Huguenots into
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in France had been a royal, rather than popular, policy.
1122:
The Huguenots and the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes
1095:. Discours.vie-publique.fr. 1985-10-11. Archived from
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723:, known as the edict of tolerance registered in the
380:(18 October 1685, published 22 October 1685) was an
27:
1685 French decree which revoked the Edict of Nantes
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760:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
466:state. Henry aimed at promoting civil unity by the
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975:"The Edict of Fontainebleau (October 22, 1685)"
1070:Encyclopedia of the Age of Political Ideals,
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1033:, Fredericia Museum. Accessed 26 April 2020.
810:Nouvelles Extraordinaires de Divers Endroits
893:1731 Expulsion of Protestants from Salzburg
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1135:8#3 (1987): 361–365. reviews 9 new books.
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699:Guillaume-Chrétien de Malesherbes
390:Revocation of the Edict of Nantes
18:Revocation of the edict of Nantes
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785:Famous Huguenots who left France
615:Expulsion of the Jews from Spain
274:Succession of Henry IV of France
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1058:Journal of the History of Ideas
1044:"Huguenot Society :: Blog"
654:of Brandenburg, who issued the
482:and the reinstatement of their
1150:Quarterly Journal of Economics
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1019:"Immigration: The New Comers,"
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591:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
406:their supposed insubordination
326:Franco-Spanish War (1595–1598)
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1200:Religion in the Ancien RĂ©gime
1175:Edict of Fontainebleau - text
933:A History of the Modern World
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36:Edict of Fontainebleau (1540)
1225:Persecution of the Huguenots
1082:, downloaded 29 January 2012
962:Coexister dans l'intolérance
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1195:Edicts of the Ancien RĂ©gime
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567:, Protestant states of the
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1235:Religious expulsion orders
1205:Huguenot history in France
1141:Scoville, Warren Candler.
1133:History of European Ideas
1072:Edict of Versailles (1787)
1008:(5th Edition, 2003) p. 410
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695:Anne-Robert-Jacques Turgot
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510:In his edict given at his
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1021:. Accessed 26 April 2020.
913:Right of return to France
619:Expulsion of the Moriscos
388:and is also known as the
117:Conflict in the provinces
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1017:Hermansen, Cathrin Kyø.
898:Savoyard–Waldensian wars
979:sourcebooks.fordham.edu
878:French Wars of Religion
660:Frederick IV of Denmark
512:Palace of Fontainebleau
504:Palace of Fontainebleau
488:French Wars of Religion
249:War of the Three Henrys
98:French Wars of Religion
650:, Duke of Prussia and
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384:issued by French King
378:Edict of Fontainebleau
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1220:Religion and politics
1152:67.3 (1953): 423–444.
1120:Baird, Henry Martyn.
666:and other locations.
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476:freedom of conscience
474:. It offered general
462:in the predominantly-
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267:Day of the Barricades
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47:Portrait of Louis XIV
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935:, rev. ed. 1956:164.
873:War of the Camisards
410:religious toleration
224:La Charité-sur-Loire
883:Religions in France
851:Christianity portal
779:François Mitterrand
721:Edict of Versailles
580:Madame de Maintenon
553:Brandenburg-Prussia
396:(1598) had granted
178:Saint-Jean d'Angély
60:Archives Nationales
1168:2012-01-11 at the
1078:2012-07-14 at the
1031:"MEMORIAL OBELISK"
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518:dragonnades
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251:(1585–1589)
220:Sixth; 1577
204:La Rochelle
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1184:Categories
1103:2016-04-04
1002:Spielvogel
919:References
808:(see also
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801:de la Font
676:Jansenists
664:Fredericia
523:converting
494:Revocation
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1166:Archived
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949:eo. loc.
947:Palmer,
837:See also
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617:and the
589:and the
561:Scotland
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528:dragoons
464:Catholic
346:Doullens
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984:12 July
770:Apology
735:⁄
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652:Elector
597:Effects
565:England
557:Denmark
539:in the
480:amnesty
358:La Fère
350:Cambrai
316:Morlaix
255:Coutras
242:La Fère
232:Brouage
228:Issoire
214:Dormans
133:Orléans
1137:online
1126:online
705:, and
571:, the
545:Sweden
537:asylum
460:rights
452:France
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362:Ardres
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158:Jarnac
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382:edict
312:Blaye
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288:Paris
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