Rhythm and blues - Knowledge

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parts mesh, creating momentum and rhythmic interplay producing mellow, lilting, and often hypnotic textures while calling attention to no individual sound. While singers are emotionally engaged with the lyrics, often intensely so, they remain cool, relaxed, and in control. The bands dressed in suits, and even uniforms, a practice associated with the modern popular music that rhythm and blues performers aspired to dominate. Lyrics often seemed fatalistic, and the music typically followed predictable patterns of chords and structure. R&B lyrical themes often encapsulate the African-American experience of pain and the quest for freedom and joy, as well as triumphs and failures in terms of relationships, economics, and aspirations.

1003:... only in some New Orleans genres does a hint of simple time line patterns occasionally appear in the form of transient so-called 'stomp' patterns or stop-time chorus. These do not function in the same way as African timelines." In the late 1940s, this changed somewhat when the two-celled timeline structure was brought into the blues. New Orleans musicians such as Bartholomew and Longhair incorporated Cuban instruments, as well as the clave pattern and related two-celled figures in songs such as "Carnival Day", (Bartholomew 1949) and "Mardi Gras In New Orleans" (Longhair 1949). While some of these early experiments were awkward fusions, the Afro-Cuban elements were eventually integrated fully into the New Orleans sound. 1537:'s Big Rockin' Rhythm Band. Cities visited by the tour included Columbia, South Carolina; Annapolis, Maryland; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Syracuse, Rochester and Buffalo, New York; and other cities. In Columbia, the concert ended with a near riot as Perkins began his first song as the closing act. Perkins is quoted as saying, "It was dangerous. Lot of kids got hurt". In Annapolis, 50,000 to 70,000 people tried to attend a sold-out performance with 8,000 seats. Roads were clogged for seven hours. Filmmakers took advantage of the popularity of "rhythm and blues" musicians as "rock n roll" musicians beginning in 1956. Little Richard, Chuck Berry, Fats Domino, Big Joe Turner, 63: 1026: 1105: 6292: 2048: 1883: 5911: 1488: 1097: 6280: 1189: 5861: 5849: 1313: 842: 914: 1034:"The singular style of rhythm & blues that emerged from New Orleans in the years after World War II played an important role in the development of funk. In a related development, the underlying rhythms of American popular music underwent a basic, yet generally unacknowledged transition from a triplet or shuffle feel to even or straight eighth notes. Concerning the various funk motifs, Stewart states that this model "... 896:, and its use in African American music is one of the clearest examples of African rhythmic retention in the United States. The use of tresillo was continuously reinforced by the consecutive waves of Cuban music, which were adopted into North American popular culture. In 1940 Bob Zurke released "Rhumboogie", a boogie-woogie with a tresillo bass line, and lyrics proudly declaring the adoption of Cuban rhythm: 1656: 5837: 1133: 585:'s big band, Louis Jordan's Tympany Five, James Brown and LaVern Baker. In fact, this source states that "Louis Jordan joined Turner in laying the foundation for R&B in the 1940s, cutting one swinging rhythm & blues masterpiece after another". Other artists who were "cornerstones of R&B and its transformation into rock & roll" include Etta James, 577:"A distinctly African American music drawing from the deep tributaries of African American expressive culture, it is an amalgam of jump blues, big band swing, gospel, boogie, and blues that was initially developed during a thirty-year period that bridges the era of legally sanctioned racial segregation, international conflicts, and the struggle for civil rights". 709:(formed in 1938), consisted of him on saxophone and vocals, along with musicians on trumpet, tenor saxophone, piano, bass and drums. Lawrence Cohn described the music as "grittier than his boogie-era jazz-tinged blues". Robert Palmer described it as "urbane, rocking, jazz-based music ... heavy, insistent beat". Jordan's music, along with that of 1261:. However, it was not until he recorded a demo in 1954 that caught the attention of Specialty Records that the world would start to hear his new uptempo funky rhythm and blues that would catapult him to fame in 1955 and help define the sound of rock 'n' roll. A rapid succession of rhythm and blues hits followed, beginning with " 1897:

British rhythm and blues and blues rock developed in the early 1960s, largely as a response to the recordings of American artists, often brought over by African American servicemen stationed in Britain or seamen visiting ports such as London, Liverpool, Newcastle and Belfast. Many bands, particularly

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The syncopated, but straight subdivision feel of Cuban music (as opposed to swung subdivisions) took root in New Orleans R&B during this time. Alexander Stewart states that the popular feel was passed along from "New Orleans—through James Brown's music, to the popular music of the 1970s," adding:

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from June 1949 until August 1969, when its "Hot Rhythm & Blues Singles" chart was renamed as "Best Selling Soul Singles". Before the "Rhythm and Blues" name was instated, various record companies had already begun replacing the term "race music" with the term "sepia series". "Rhythm and blues" is

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based music ... heavy, insistent beat" was becoming more popular. In the commercial rhythm and blues music typical of the 1950s through the 1970s, the bands usually consisted of a piano, one or two guitars, bass, drums, one or more saxophones, and sometimes background vocalists. R&B lyrical

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Although originating in the metropolis at the mouth of the Mississippi River, New Orleans blues, with its Afro-Caribbean rhythmic traits, is distinct from the sound of the Mississippi Delta blues. In the late 1940s, New Orleans musicians were especially receptive to Cuban influences precisely at the

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grew out of rhythm and blues and later soul performed by artists who were not available to the small London clubs where the scene originated. In the late 1960s, the Who performed American R&B songs such as the Motown hit "Heat Wave", a song which reflected the young mod lifestyle. Many of these

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In the commercial rhythm and blues music typical of the 1950s through the 1970s, the bands usually consisted of piano, one or two guitars, bass, drums, and saxophone. Arrangements were rehearsed to the point of effortlessness and were sometimes accompanied by background vocalists. Simple repetitive

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started to capture the imagination of America's youth. R&B started to become homogenized, with a group of high-profile producers responsible for most R&B hits. It was hard for R&B artists of the era to sell their music or even have their music heard because of the rise of hip-hop, but

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Harlem's got a new rhythm, man it's burning up the dance floors because it's so hot! They took a little rhumba rhythm and added boogie-woogie and now look what they got! Rhumboogie, it's Harlem's new creation with the Cuban syncopation, it's the killer! Just plant your both feet on each side. Let

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points out though: "By the 1960s, with Cuba the object of a United States embargo that still remains in effect today, the island nation had been forgotten as a source of music. By the time people began to talk about rock and roll as having a history, Cuban music had vanished from North American

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I heard the bass playing that part on a 'rumba' record. On 'Country Boy' I had my bass and drums playing a straight swing rhythm and wrote out that 'rumba' bass part for the saxes to play on top of the swing rhythm. Later, especially after rock 'n' roll came along, I made the 'rumba' bass part

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of Black Americans to the urban industrial centers of Chicago, Detroit, New York City, Los Angeles, Washington, D.C. and elsewhere in the 1920s and 1930s created a new market for jazz, blues, and related genres of music. These genres of music were often performed by full-time musicians, either

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Kevin Moore: "There are two common ways that the three-side is expressed in Cuban popular music. The first to come into regular use, which David Peñalosa calls 'clave motif,' is based on the decorated version of the three-side of the clave rhythm. By the 1940s a trend toward the use of what

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Morton, "Jelly Roll" (1938: Library of Congress Recording): "Now in one of my earliest tunes, 'New Orleans Blues', you can notice the Spanish tinge. In fact, if you can't manage to put tinges of Spanish in your tunes, you will never be able to get the right seasoning, I call it, for jazz."

4686: 1868:, but the music business was "wide open for Jews as it was for blacks". Jews played a key role in developing and popularizing African American music, including rhythm and blues, and the independent record business was dominated by young Jewish men who promoted the sounds of black music. 1014:... far-reaching. In several of his early recordings, Professor Longhair blended Afro-Cuban rhythms with rhythm and blues. The most explicit is 'Longhair's Blues Rhumba,' where he overlays a straightforward blues with a clave rhythm." Longhair's particular style was known locally as 1124:

has given different accounts of the riff's origins. Sublette asserts: "In the context of the time, and especially those maracas , 'Bo Diddley' has to be understood as a Latin-tinged record. A rejected cut recorded at the same session was titled only 'Rhumba' on the track sheets."

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of Atlantic Records, sales were localized in African-American markets; there were no white sales or white radio play. During the early 1950s, more white teenagers started to become aware of R&B and began purchasing the music. For example, 40% of 1952 sales at

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based on sales reports from Rainbow Music Shop, Harvard Radio Shop, Lehman Music Company, Harlem De Luxe Music Store, Ray's Music Shop and Frank's Melody Music Shop, New York." Andy Kirk and His Clouds of Joy topped the inaugural tally with "Take It and

1457:, who had moved to the much larger market of New York City in 1954, helped the record become popular with white teenagers. Freed had been given part of the writing credit by Chess in return for his promotional activities, a common practice at the time. 938:

and others, Bartholomew assigned this repeating three-note pattern not just to the string bass, but also to electric guitars and even baritone sax, making for a very heavy bottom. He recalls first hearing the figure – as a bass pattern on a Cuban

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and on Top 40 Radio. From about 2005 to 2013, R&B sales declined. However, since 2010, hip-hop has started to take cues from the R&B sound, choosing to adopt a softer, smoother sound that incorporates traditional R&B with rappers such as

562:, unless a gospel song sold enough to break into the charts. Well into the 21st century, the term R&B continues in use (in some contexts) to categorize music made by black musicians, as distinct from styles of music made by other musicians. 1603:

was at the top of the R&B charts in 1959 and 1960 with one number one and two number two hits. Benton had a certain warmth in his voice that attracted a wide variety of listeners, and his ballads led to comparisons with performers such as

1470:, titled, "Rock! It's Still Rhythm and Blues" reported that the "two terms were used interchangeably" until about 1957. The other sources quoted in the article said that rock and roll combined R&B with pop and country music. 419:

themes often encapsulate the African-American history and experience of pain and the quest for freedom and joy, as well as triumphs and failures in terms of societal racism, oppression, relationships, economics, and aspirations.

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or as one of the first records in that genre. In a later interview, however, Ike Turner offered this comment: "I don't think that 'Rocket 88' is rock 'n' roll. I think that 'Rocket 88' is R&B, but I think 'Rocket 88' is the

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bands enjoyed national success in the UK, but found it difficult to break into the American music market. The British white R&B bands produced music which was very different in tone from that of African-American artists.

763:, the song was described as a "dirty boogie" because it was risque and raunchy. Paul Williams and His Hucklebuckers' concerts were sweaty riotous affairs that got shut down on more than one occasion. Their lyrics, by 964:", produced by Bartholomew, is another example of this now classic use of tresillo in R&B. Bartholomew's 1949 tresillo-based "Oh Cubanas" is an attempt to blend African American and Afro-Cuban music. The word 929:

first employed this figure (as a saxophone-section riff) on his own 1949 disc "Country Boy" and subsequently helped make it the most over-used rhythmic pattern in 1950s rock 'n' roll. On numerous recordings by

4237: 4186: 4151: 3597: 2929:... because they could be adapted more readily to European rhythmic conceptions. Some survived, others were discarded as the Europeanization progressed. It may also account for the fact that patterns such as 2830: 2571: 1358:" the year's number three hit. Ruth Brown was very prominent among female R&B stars; her popularity most likely came from "her deeply rooted vocal delivery in African American tradition". That same year 1479:, "this is a valid statement ... all Fifties rockers, black and white, country born and city bred, were fundamentally influenced by R&B, the black popular music of the late Forties and early Fifties". 1242:(850 AM). Freed's show was sponsored by Fred Mintz, whose R&B record store had a primarily African-American clientele. Freed began referring to the rhythm and blues music he played as "rock and roll". 4035: 2723: 442:. From 1960s to 70s, some British groups were referred to and promoted as being R&B bands. By the 1970s, the term "rhythm and blues" had changed once again and was used as a blanket term for soul and 4521: 2031:, Hot Chocolate, Delegation, Junior, Central Line, Princess, Jacki Graham, David Grant, the Loose Ends, the Pasadenas and Soul II Soul gained hits on the pop or R&B charts. The music of the British 2027:

pianist who toured Europe and settled there from 1960, living in Switzerland and Denmark, then in Halifax, England in the 1970s and 1980s, before finally settling in Germany. From the 1970s to 1980s,

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both your hips and shoulder glide. Then throw your body back and ride. There's nothing like rhumbaoogie, rhumboogie, boogie-woogie. In Harlem or Havana, you can kiss the old Savannah. It's a killer!

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Fats Domino was not convinced that there was any new genre. In 1957, he said, "What they call rock 'n' roll now is rhythm and blues. I've been playing it for 15 years in New Orleans". According to

2603: 1934:, born in Jamaica, moved to London after two local number one hits in 1960 with The Vagabonds, who built a strong reputation as a live act. They released a live album and their studio debut, 2071: 3864: 1643:" (1959) rose to the number one position on black music charts. He was once told that "a lot of those stations still think you're a black group because the sound feels funky and black." 1639:, who had helped start Elvis Presley's career and was Elvis's bassist in the 1950s, was popular with black listeners. Ninety percent of his record sales were from black people, and his " 3363: 1834:, who has opened an entire new door for the genre. This sound has gained in popularity and created great controversy for both hip-hop and R&B as to how to identify it. In 2010, the 3544: 5025: 641:

working alone or in small groups. The precursors of rhythm and blues came from jazz and blues, which overlapped in the late-1920s and 30s through the work of musicians such as the

1230:, a quintet consisting of a vocal quartet with accompanying guitarist, sang a distinctive-sounding combination of blues and gospel. They had the number five hit of the year with " 1147:

Afro-Cuban music was the conduit by which African American music was "re-Africanized", through the adoption of two-celled figures like clave and Afro-Cuban instruments like the

869:) to be an essential ingredient of jazz. There are examples of tresillo-like rhythms in some African American folk music such as the hand-clapping and foot-stomping patterns in 1208:

record shop, located in an African-American area of Los Angeles, were to whites. Eventually, white teens across the country turned their musical taste toward rhythm and blues.

2133: 4313: 1129:'s "Willie and the Hand Jive" (1958) is another example of this successful blend of 3–2 claves and R&B. Otis used the Cuban instruments claves and maracas on the song. 3895: 2859:"-Latin rhythms have been absorbed into black American styles far more consistently than into white popular music, despite Latin music's popularity among whites" (Roberts 771:"), were mildly sexually suggestive, and one teenager from Philadelphia said "That Hucklebuck was a very nasty dance". Also in 1949, a new version of a 1920s blues song, " 1430:" climbed to number two on the R&B charts and popularized Bo Diddley's own original rhythm and blues clave-based vamp that would become a mainstay in rock and roll. 1064:" (1955) (featuring the vocals of a young Art Neville), make a clear reference to Perez Prado in their use of his trademark "Unhh!" in the break after the introduction. 608:

referred to rock and roll on mainstream radio in the mid-1950s, "the sexual component had been dialed down enough that it simply became an acceptable term for dancing".

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communities in the 1940s. The term was originally used by record companies to describe recordings marketed predominantly to African Americans, at a time when "rocking,

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defined rhythm & blues as "a catchall term referring to any music that was made by and for black Americans". He has also used the term "R&B" as a synonym for

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Vickie Cox Edmondson (July 18, 2008). "A preliminary review of competitive reactions in the hip-hop music industry: Black American entrepreneurs in a new industry".

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Robert Palmer reports that, in the 1940s, Professor Longhair listened to and played with musicians from the islands and "fell under the spell of Perez Prado's

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notes that with the exception of New Orleans, early blues lacked complex polyrhythms, and there was a "very specific absence of asymmetric time-line patterns (

1093:, and the rising popularity of Cuban music in the U.S. In a sense, clave can be distilled down to tresillo (three-side) answered by the backbeat (two-side). 4652: 2607: 2467: 1898:

in the developing London club scene, tried to emulate black rhythm and blues performers, resulting in a "rawer" or "grittier" sound than the more popular "

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In a 1988 interview with Palmer, Bartholomew (who had the first R&B studio band), revealed how he initially superimposed tresillo over swing rhythm:

2504: 554:, writes that "rhythm and blues" was an umbrella term invented for industry convenience. According to him, the term embraced all black music except 733:, Roy Brown, and others had had hits in the style now referred to as rhythm and blues. In 1948, Wynonie Harris's remake of Brown's 1947 recording " 3355: 1029:

Piano excerpt from the rumba boogie "Mardi Gras in New Orleans" (1949) by Professor Longhair. 2–3 claves are written above for rhythmic reference.

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recorded "Cubano Jump" (1954) an electric guitar instrumental, which is built around several 2–3 clave figures, adopted from the mambo.

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magazine is credited with coining the term "rhythm and blues" as a musical term in the United States in 1948, the term had been used in

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Stewart, Alexander (2000 p. 307). "Funky Drummer: New Orleans, James Brown and the Rhythmic Transformation of American Popular Music."

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Stewart, Alexander (2000: 298). "Funky Drummer: New Orleans, James Brown and the Rhythmic Transformation of American Popular Music."

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Not the least of R&B's legacy was its perpetuation of the group-harmony tradition as heard in the vocal blend of "doo-wop" groups

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based on the common self description by the African American press as “people of race.” The term "rhythm and blues" was then used by

4335: 5907: 4675: 2129: 1407:" became the first hit to cross over from the R&B chart to hit the top 10 early in the year. Late in the year, and into 1955, " 4544: 4305: 2629: 1985:", giving them their first UK number one in 1964. Under the influence of blues and R&B, bands such as the Rolling Stones, the 4395: 2925:

Schuller, Gunther (1968: 19) "It is probably safe to say that by and large the simpler African rhythmic patterns survived in jazz

1835: 968:, larger than any of the other text, is placed prominently on the record label. In his composition "Misery", New Orleans pianist 3937: 3887: 2989:"Rhythm and blues-influenced by Afro-Cuban music first surfaced in New Orleans." Campbell, Michael, and James Brody (2007: 83). 759:, was the number one R&B tune, remaining on top of the charts for nearly the entire year. Written by musician and arranger 17: 979: 7198: 6574: 6549: 5060: 4646: 3333: 2677: 2407: 2356: 2252: 1919: 7061: 6892: 6632: 4426: 3999: 2693: 2198: 1851: 893: 2013:

from Belfast. None of these bands exclusively played rhythm and blues, but it remained at the core of their early albums.

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The term "rhythm and blues" has undergone a number of shifts in meaning. In the early 1950s, it was frequently applied to

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records." He was especially enamored with Afro-Cuban music. Michael Campbell states: "Professor Longhair's influence was

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Peñalosa calls the 'offbeat/onbeat motif.' Today, the offbeat/onbeat motif method is much more common." Moore (2011).

430:, the term "R&B" became used in a wider context. It referred to music styles that developed from and incorporated 7740: 7735: 6460: 5810: 5123: 5004: 4954: 4921: 4762: 4716: 4373: 4225: 3963: 3711: 3671: 3218: 2540: 2442: 2298: 2148: 1946:

formed new jazz rock band CCS in 1970. Interest in the blues would influence major British rock musicians, including

1839: 1713: 1581: 1453:" was not only a number three hit on the R&B charts in 1955, but also reached into the top 30 on the pop charts. 38: 3629: 3830: 1175:, is reported to have said that "Afro-Cuban rhythms added color and excitement to the basic drive of R&B." As 1048:

released the R&B mambo "Mambo Boogie" in January 1951, featuring congas, maracas, claves, and mambo saxophone

7730: 6270: 5892: 5452: 5046: 2659: 2393: 1214:, who had signed with the Newark, New Jersey–based Savoy Records, produced many R&B hits in 1951, including " 975: 972:

plays a habanera-like figure in his left hand. The deft use of triplets is a characteristic of Longhair's style.

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in 1965 and enjoyed top 40 hit singles and two top 10 albums before the band split up in 1969. Another American

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in 1966 and achieved moderate success with a few singles before the original Vagabonds broke up in 1970. White

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states: "The electric blues cats were very well aware of Latin music, and there was definitely such a thing as

4336:"Mar-Keys – Last Night – Billboard Top 100 – 1961 – Top Billboard – mp3 song hits download full albums in mp3" 6329: 1205: 772: 5283: 4125: 2496: 1042:(such as clave and tresillo) in that it is not an exact pattern, but more of a loose organizing principle." 5211: 3981: 1762:

some adopted a "hip-hop" image, were marketed as such, and often featured rappers on their songs. In 1990,

1513:" was very popular with R&B music buyers. Some of the performers completing the bill were Chuck Berry, 1423: 1231: 339: 3416:"Buzzard Audio – The Buzzard: Inside the Glory Days of WMMS and Cleveland Rock Radio — A Memoir – Page 4" 1705: 1680:". By the early 1960s, the music industry category previously known as rhythm and blues was being called 756: 598: 62: 1766:

reintroduced R&B to categorize all of Black popular music other than hip-hop. Newer artists such as

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How Britain Got the Blues: the Transmission and Reception of American Blues Style in the United Kingdom

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In 1959, two black-owned record labels, one of which would become hugely successful, made their debut:

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as early as 1943. However, the company's first list of songs popular among African Americans was named

4491: 1222:", all of which hit number one that year. Otis scored ten top ten hits that year. Other hits include " 982: 30:

This article is about the original form of R&B. For the modern form, mixed with other genres, see

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gained pop hits. Many British black musicians helped form the British R&B scene. These included

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records. Starting in the mid-1950s, after this style of music had contributed to the development of

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Jessie Carney Smith,ed. "Encyclopedia of African American popular culture" Greenwood, 2011, p.1163.

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time when R&B was first forming. The first use of tresillo in R&B occurred in New Orleans.

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considers tresillo to be the New Orleans "clave" (although technically, the pattern is only half a

698: 523: 385: 344: 3511: 7167: 6594: 6296: 5820: 5815: 5805: 5551: 4970: 3987: 3975: 3583: 3393: 2053: 1918:, an American singer stationed in England with the Air Force. He was invited to join what became 1466: 1258: 961: 780: 734: 718: 589:, Roy Brown, Little Richard and Ruth Brown. The "doo wop" groups were also noteworthy, including 570: 604:

The term "rock and roll" had a strong sexual connotation in jump blues and R&B, but when DJ

7245: 7106: 6854: 6787: 6533: 6377: 5915: 3386:"Kevin Smith Library : Case Western Reserve University : Search Results : Mintz" 2061: 1955: 1327: 948:

heavier and heavier. I'd have the string bass, an electric guitar and a baritone all in unison.

815: 184: 4881: 2346: 2244: 2238: 44:"RnB" redirects here. For the Japanese television station that uses the abbreviation RNB, see 7215: 6984: 6569: 6559: 5500: 4837: 2426: 1923: 1577: 1553: 1377: 1215: 877: 818:

began incorporating Afro-Cuban rhythmic motifs in the 1800s with the popularity of the Cuban

702: 5118:. First ed. New York: Harper & Row, 1986. x, 438 p., ill., chiefly with b&w photos. 4343: 2947: 311: 7184: 6812: 6284: 6053: 5865: 5674: 5628: 5536: 4966: 4242: 4191: 4156: 4040: 3602: 3484: 2728: 2576: 2016: 1982: 1931: 1857: 1400: 1367: 483: 8: 7637: 7163: 6878: 6618: 6206: 6138: 5926: 5706: 5556: 5445: 5226: 3993: 3048: 2002: 1998: 1752: 1514: 1347: 1262: 450: 265: 45: 31: 1989:, and the Animals, and more jazz-influenced bands like the Graham Bond Organisation and 7463: 7240: 7139: 6554: 6211: 5689: 5601: 5417: 5406: 5236: 4552: 3958:

Go, Cat, Go! by Carl Perkins and David McGee 1996 pp. 188, 210, 212–214 Hyperion Press

3822: 3267: 2669: 2663: 2637: 2271: 2153: 1810:, was responsible for some of R&B's greatest successes in the 1990s in the form of 1791: 1625: 1580:" at number one in 1951), had a record in the top five in the R&B charts in 1958, " 1351: 1167:, R&B became the vehicle for the return of Cuban elements into mass popular music. 1164: 969: 788: 581:

The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame defines some of the originators of R&B, including

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sound for which Stax became known. In Jamaica, R&B influenced the development of

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The habanera rhythm shown as tresillo (lower notes) with the backbeat (upper note).

823: 804: 792: 783:". Many of these hit records were issued on new independent record labels, such as 686: 466: 411: 260: 5278: 3325: 1728:

added the Rhythm and Blues category, giving academic recognition to the category.

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Tresillo answered by the backbeat, the essence of clave in African American music

881: 752: 666: 559: 555: 370: 144: 2701: 1993:, had blue-eyed soul albums. White R&B musicians popular in the UK included 1346:" made it to number two in 1952. In 1953, the R&B record-buying public made 7745: 7453: 7448: 7388: 7351: 7282: 6989: 6909: 6670: 6655: 6480: 6470: 6393: 6133: 5853: 5701: 5633: 5586: 5438: 5384: 5263: 5191: 5033: 5021: 4218:

The Blue Moon Boys—The Story of Elvis Presley's Band. Ken Burke and Dan Griffin

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By the 1970s, the term "rhythm and blues" was being used as a blanket term for

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In 1949, the term "Rhythm and Blues" (R&B) replaced the Billboard category

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started a late-night radio show called "The Moondog Rock Roll House Party" on

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separates it from jump blues because of R&B's stronger gospel influences.

7714: 7653: 7585: 7570: 7468: 7443: 7403: 7393: 7373: 7341: 7277: 7235: 6943: 6720: 6695: 6584: 6419: 6352: 6088: 6028: 5967: 5910: 5789: 5767: 5679: 5669: 5648: 5623: 5591: 5574: 5074: 4595: 4152:"Billboard – Year End Charts – Year-end Singles – Hot R&B;/Hip-Hop Songs" 4015: 3916: 2933:... remained one of the most useful and common syncopated patterns in jazz." 2284: 2024: 1994: 1986: 1943: 1799: 1775: 1609: 1605: 1565: 1557: 1546: 1526: 1502: 1461: 1442: 1434: 1415: 1385: 1301: 1274: 1168: 1007: 992: 866: 854: 800: 784: 662: 547: 462: 453:". This contemporary form combines rhythm and blues with various elements of 427: 407: 214: 204: 101: 4609: 3033:

Dave Bartholomew quoted by Palmer, Robert (1988: 27) "The Cuban Connection"

2831:"– Year End Charts – Year-end Singles – Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs" 2437:

Morrison, Craig (1952). "Go Cat Go!" University of Illinois Press. page 30.

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exerted a constant presence in African American popular music. Jazz pioneer

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In the early 1950s, the term "rhythm & blues" was frequently applied to

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Go, Cat, Go! by Carl Perkins and David McGee 1996 pages 111 Hyperion Press

2028: 2006: 1978: 1963: 1947: 1856:

According to the Jewish writer, music publishing executive, and songwriter

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was marketing black music under the name "Blues and Rhythm". In that year,

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Go, Cat, Go! by Carl Perkins and David McGee 1996 page 111 Hyperion Press

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made the top 30 of the pop charts in 1952 and 1953, then the top 10 with "

449:

In the late 1980s, a newer style of R&B developed, becoming known as "

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At first, only African Americans were buying R&B discs. According to

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rhythms that had come to prominence during the 1940s. Jordan's band, the

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rock and roll's roots: Gospel, Blues, Country/Folk/Bluegrass and R&B

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In 1956, an R&B "Top Stars of '56" tour took place, with headliners

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The use of clave in R&B coincided with the growing dominance of the

1074:; you can hear Muddy Waters and Howlin' Wolf playing it." He also cites 7605: 7595: 7590: 7433: 7378: 7368: 7346: 7336: 7324: 7319: 7287: 7265: 7255: 7230: 7008: 6979: 6974: 6901: 6849: 6829: 6725: 6710: 6685: 6641: 6589: 6516: 6444: 6183: 6163: 6038: 6033: 5952: 5784: 5779: 5762: 5747: 5379: 5352: 5335: 5248: 3826: 3802: 3308: 3306: 3211:

The Clave Matrix; Afro-Cuban Rhythm: Its Principles and African Origins

2237:

Cohn, Lawrence; Aldin, Mary Katherine; Bastin, Bruce (September 1993).

1990: 1939: 1911: 1899: 1865: 1732: 1681: 1644: 1636: 1498: 1454: 1450: 1419: 1339: 1323: 1316: 1289: 1235: 1148: 1136: 1121: 1079: 1053: 870: 764: 726: 690: 650: 605: 594: 539: 515: 507: 439: 234: 179: 106: 91: 4927: 2236: 7684: 7575: 7478: 7331: 7144: 7124: 7018: 6999: 6960: 6933: 6746: 6730: 6253: 6248: 6238: 6233: 6228: 5475: 5340: 5330: 5293: 5216: 2561:

The new blue music: changes in rhythm & blues, 1950–1999, p. 172.

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List of artists who reached number one on the Billboard R&B chart

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Sweet Soul Music: Rhythm and Blues and the Southern Dream of Freedom

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All Music Guide to Rock: the Definitive Guide to Rock, Pop, and Soul

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All Music Guide to Rock: the Definitive Guide to Rock, Pop, and Soul

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Boggs, Vernon (1993 pp. 30–31). "Johnny Otis R&B/Mambo Pioneer"

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Deep Blues: A Musical and Cultural History of the Mississippi Delta

2399:

Deep Blues: A Musical and Cultural History of the Mississippi Delta

1771: 1688:. Motown Records had its first million-selling single in 1960 with 1392:

said of Charles's music: "He's mixing the blues with the spirituals

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The new blue music: changes in rhythm & blues, 1950–1999, p. 8

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with three songs, and two of the top five songs were based on the

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The Rolling Stones became the second most popular UK band (after

1966:

adopted an interest in a wider range of rhythm and blues styles.

1783: 1758: 1446: 1404: 1363: 1156: 999:) in virtually all early-twentieth-century African American music 317: 270: 5241: 1572:

pianist who had two hits on the pop charts in the early 1950s ("

7632: 7503: 7094: 7013: 6807: 6434: 6367: 6118: 5957: 5394: 5288: 3537:"Ruth Brown, the Queen of R&B, was born 93 years ago today" 2199:"Weekly Chart Notes: Baauer Continues The 'Harlem' Hit Parade'" 1160: 1152: 1049: 1019: 496: 239: 219: 7176: 5098:

The Life and Times of Little Richard: The Authorised Biography

4749: 4747: 4745: 4743: 4741: 4739: 4737: 1655: 1552:

Two Elvis Presley records made the R&B top five in 1957: "

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considered the tresillo/habanera rhythm (which he called the

670: 531: 458: 423: 189: 159: 86: 3676: 3356:"Clovers Don't You Know I Love You & Other Favorites CD" 857:

and proto-jazz were forming and developing, the Cuban genre

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Honkers and Shouters: The Golden Years of Rhythm and Blues

3857:"Paul McCartney Remembers 'Truly Magnificent' Fats Domino" 573:

provided this summary of the origins of the genre in 2016.

495:; created in 1942, it listed the "most popular records in 6338: 1721: 981:

Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can

472: 224: 27:

Music genre originating in the 1940s in the United States

5430: 5422: 4286: 3186: 2497:"The unexpected origins of music's most well-used terms" 2077:

List of number-one rhythm and blues hits (United States)

1846:

Jewish influence in the business end of rhythm and blues

1647:

did not feature pictures of the Combo on early records.

4077: 4075: 3455: 3453: 3083:

A Tale of Two Cities: Memphis Rock and New Orleans Roll

2948:"RHUMBOOGIE – Lyrics – International Lyrics Playground" 2455:

The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness.

2274:, AP Music Writer, Dallas Morning News, August 15, 2008 6307: 3512:"Listen to the first rock and roll song ever recorded" 3246: 3015: 4882:"The Valentinos – Biography, Albums, Streaming Links" 3921:

The Billboard Book of TOP 40 R&B and Hip Hop Hits

2348:

The Harvard Concise Dictionary of Music and Musicians

2179:

Night Club Reviews Billboard February 27, 1943, p. 12

1672:" is indicative of R&B in 1960, as is pop rocker 1234:" on Atlantic. Also in July 1951, Cleveland, Ohio DJ 4838:"Alexis Korner – Biography, Albums, Streaming Links" 4573: 4072: 3465: 3450: 3003: 2043: 4991: 4989: 4987: 3888:"The 50s: A Decade of Music That Changed the World" 3485:"Will the creator of modern music please stand up?" 2374: 2130:"Tell It Like It Is: A History of Rhythm and Blues" 1977:" of the US pop charts. The Rolling Stones covered 888:). Tresillo is the most basic duple-pulse rhythmic 2604:"Brinkley's Louis Jordan Is a Big Time Bandleader" 2344: 2240:Nothing but the Blues: The Music and the Musicians 4999:(Milwaukee, WI: Backbeat Books, 3rd edn., 2002), 4757:(Milwaukee, WI: Backbeat Books, 3rd edn., 2002), 4181: 4179: 2188:Vaudeville reviews Billboard March 4, 1944, p. 28 1684:, and similar music by white artists was labeled 1366:group, had the number four hit of the year with " 960:, a common practice of that time. Fats Domino's " 849:For the more than a quarter-century in which the 7712: 4984: 4906: 3509: 3280: 3278: 1716:" (also released in 1961), introduced the rawer 810: 5073:(2007). "The Kingsmen and the Cha-cha-chá". In 3094:Campbell, Michael, and James Brody (2007: 83). 2903:. Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi. 2268:Jerry Wexler, famed record producer, dies at 91 5079:Listen Again: A Momentary History of Pop Music 4176: 3132:p. 32. Santa Cruz, CA: Moore Music/Timba.com. 2277: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2097: 1635:The white bandleader of the Bill Black Combo, 737:" reached number two on the charts, following 7192: 6886: 6626: 6323: 5893: 5446: 5144: 4995:V. Bogdanov, C. Woodstra and S. T. Erlewine, 4947:The Blues: From Robert Johnson to Robert Cray 4753:V. Bogdanov, C. Woodstra and S. T. Erlewine, 3275: 2935:Early Jazz; Its Roots and Musical Development 1300:. This song is often cited as a precursor to 1292:and his Kings of Rhythm at a studio owned by 1116:" (1955) is perhaps the first true fusion of 1100:3–2 clave written in two measures in cut-time 1086:, as R&B artists who employed this feel. 506:“Rhythm and Blues” replaced the common term " 4220:. 2006. Chicago Review Press. pp. 138, 139. 3053:ICAN | International Children's Arts Network 1624:", regained predominance with a version of " 1269:", which would influence performers such as 1253:in the jump blues style of late 1940s stars 665:. There was also increasing emphasis on the 4667: 4634: 2527: 2525: 2094: 1871: 1445:fiddle tune with a long history, entitled " 755:", recorded by band leader and saxophonist 645:, with their 1936 hit "Oh Red", as well as 527:often abbreviated as "R&B" or "R'n'B". 7199: 7185: 6893: 6879: 6633: 6619: 6330: 6316: 5900: 5886: 5453: 5439: 5151: 5137: 4366:"The Origins of Ska, Reggae and Dub Music" 2386: 2338: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2115: 2113: 1384:came to national prominence in 1955 with " 873:, post-Civil War drum and fife music, and 61: 5020: 4933: 4868: 4728: 4628: 4280: 4268: 4066: 3734: 3722: 3694: 3682: 3654: 3565: 3444: 3312: 3183:, v. 19, n. 3. October 2000, pp. 293–318. 2652: 2517:its meaning covering both sex and dancing 2351:. Harvard University Press. p. 560. 1620:, who in 1952 had a number one hit with " 5069: 3571: 3264: 3252: 3197: 3118:, v. 19, n. 3. October 2000, p. 293-318. 3021: 2522: 2416: 2283: 1881: 1836:National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame 1654: 1486: 1311: 1187: 1131: 1103: 1095: 1024: 912: 840: 620: 3923:, Billboard Books, New York 2006 p. 451 2668:(paperback ed.). Penguin. p. 2127: 2110: 1460:R&B was also a strong influence on 1226:", "Mambo Boogie" and "All Nite Long". 697:dominated the top five listings of the 14: 7713: 5045: 4894:from the original on February 26, 2020 4673: 4424: 4316:from the original on December 30, 2011 4292: 4105:from the original on December 25, 2019 4081: 3898:from the original on February 22, 2021 3885: 3867:from the original on November 25, 2020 3854: 3510:Lee Thomas-Mason (November 13, 2021). 3426:from the original on February 12, 2018 3046: 3009: 2958:from the original on February 12, 2018 2658: 2392: 2380: 2290:Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942–1995 2232: 2230: 2228: 2226: 2224: 1920:Geno Washington & the Ram Jam Band 830:can be thought of as a combination of 473:Etymology, definitions and description 7180: 6874: 6614: 6575:Man in Business Suit Levitating emoji 6550:Caribbean music in the United Kingdom 6311: 5881: 5434: 5421: 5132: 5095: 4850:from the original on February 7, 2020 4774: 4524:from the original on October 30, 2015 4439:from the original on February 1, 2017 4376:from the original on January 16, 2010 3940:from the original on October 23, 2020 3577: 3547:from the original on January 24, 2021 3471: 3459: 3130:Understanding Clave and Clave Changes 2888:The Complete Recordings By Alan Lomax 2507:from the original on January 26, 2019 2261: 2161:from the original on October 12, 2007 2146: 1997:, Frankie Miller, Scott Walker & 1183: 669:as a lead instrument, as well as the 5423:Articles related to Rhythm and blues 5158: 3800: 3366:from the original on August 31, 2011 2140: 2128:Puryear, Mark (September 20, 2016). 1852:Jewish influence in rhythm and blues 1818:. Later, Reid successfully marketed 1319:was known as the "Queen of R&B". 894:Sub-Saharan African music traditions 5039:University of North Texas Libraries 4689:from the original on March 29, 2021 4655:from the original on March 29, 2021 3801:Redd, Lawrence N. (March 1, 1985). 2221: 2136:from the original on March 9, 2021. 2001:, the Animals from Newcastle, the 1757:In the late 1980s and early 1990s, 1332:(Mama) He Treats Your Daughter Mean 689:communities in the 1940s. In 1948, 24: 5105: 5052:Rock & Roll: An Unruly History 4463:Timeline of African American Music 4427:"Rhythm and Blues Music: Overview" 4425:Cahoon, Brad (December 11, 2014). 3855:Leight, Elias (October 26, 2017). 3336:from the original on June 12, 2012 3271:. New Jersey: Pearson. p. 16. 3230:Roberts, John Storm (1999 p. 136). 2811:from the original on April 4, 2012 2694:"The Vocal Group Harmony Web Site" 2539:. January 29, 2002. Archived from 1746: 952:Bartholomew referred to the Cuban 767:(who later co-wrote the 1955 hit " 25: 7757: 7726:African-American cultural history 4123: 3886:Palmer, Robert (April 19, 1990). 3833:from the original on May 25, 2019 3213:. Redway, California: Bembe Inc. 2326:from the original on May 11, 2020 1549:all made it onto the big screen. 1411:" by the Charms made the top 20. 499:," and is the predecessor to the 39:Rhythm and blues (disambiguation) 6290: 6278: 5909: 5860: 5859: 5848: 5847: 5835: 4959: 4939: 4874: 4830: 4813: 4796: 4768: 4701: 4602: 4567: 4542: 4536: 4506: 4451: 4418: 4388: 4358: 4328: 4298: 4238:"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1960" 4230: 4187:"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1959" 4036:"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1957" 3803:"The Black Perspective in Music" 3630:"The Orioles Record Label Shots" 3598:"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1953" 2781:from the original on May 7, 2012 2724:"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1948" 2630:"Louis Jordan at All About Jazz" 2572:"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1947" 2457:Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1993. 2293:. Record Research. p. xii. 2046: 1330:", "Five, Ten, Fifteen Hours", " 925:New Orleans producer-bandleader 7206: 4967:"UK Charts » Soul II Soul" 4211: 4160:. June 18, 2009. Archived from 4144: 4117: 4087: 4028: 3968: 3952: 3926: 3910: 3879: 3848: 3794: 3765: 3740: 3700: 3660: 3622: 3590: 3529: 3503: 3477: 3408: 3378: 3348: 3318: 3258: 3237: 3224: 3209:Peñalosa, David (2010 p. 174). 3203: 3173: 3160: 3151: 3142: 3121: 3108: 3088: 3075: 3066: 3049:"Dances with Style! - Habanera" 3040: 3027: 2983: 2970: 2940: 2919: 2906: 2893: 2879: 2872:Roberts, John Storm (1999: 16) 2866: 2853: 2823: 2793: 2763: 2748: 2716: 2686: 2622: 2596: 2564: 2555: 2489: 2460: 2447: 2431: 2365: 2313: 2307: 6900: 6640: 6565:List of Caribbean music genres 4674:Muchin, Andrew (August 1994). 4641:. Collier Books. p. 343. 4484:"The changing face of R&B" 3096:Rock and Roll: An Introduction 3047:Riggle, Emma (July 15, 2022). 2991:Rock and Roll: An Introduction 2191: 2182: 2173: 2147:Sacks, Leo (August 29, 1993). 1650: 822:(known outside of Cuba as the 744:'s "Long Gone" at number one. 13: 1: 4777:"The Equals | Biography" 4610:"About Us | R&B HOF" 2087: 1576:" at number two in 1950 and " 1482: 1249:Penniman began recording for 811:Afro-Cuban rhythmic influence 725:, is now also referred to as 680: 629: 616: 534:records. Writer and producer 4711:(Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007), 3777:Rock & Roll Hall of Fame 2976:Palmer, Robert (1981: 247). 2472:Rock & Roll Hall of Fame 1981:& the Valentinos' song " 1309:of rock and roll existing". 1218:", "Mistrustin' Blues" and " 978: 775:" was a number four hit for 398:, frequently abbreviated as 7: 6297:Rhythm and blues portal 3748:"– Biography – Chuck Berry" 3265:Szatmary, David P. (2014). 3081:Palmer, Robert (1979: 14). 2916:. CBS News (June 26, 2011). 2899:Kubik, Gerhard (1999: 52). 2876:. New York: Schirmer Books. 2345:Don Michael Randel (1999). 2243:. Abbeville Press. p. 2039: 1706:Gee Whiz (Look at His Eyes) 1120:and R&B/rock 'n' roll. 10: 7762: 5014: 4827:. Retrieved July 29, 2020. 4810:. Retrieved July 29, 2020. 4545:"The Sacrifice of R&B" 4459:"History of R&B Music" 3578:Floyd, Samuel Jr. (1995). 3286:"– Biography: Johnny Otis" 3234:. Oxford University Press. 2980:. New York: Penguin Books. 2912:"Wynton Marsalis part 2." 2149:"The Soul of Jerry Wexler" 2082:Music of the United States 1875: 1849: 1840:LaMont "ShowBoat" Robinson 1750: 1708:". Stax's next major hit, 1632:" at number five in 1959. 1396:... I know that's wrong." 611: 123:1940s–1950s, United States 43: 36: 29: 7672: 7646: 7543: 7536: 7426: 7223: 7214: 7158: 7116: 7081: 7053: 7046: 6998: 6959: 6908: 6780: 6739: 6648: 6542: 6499: 6461:Jamaican record producers 6453: 6412: 6386: 6345: 6266: 6219: 6203: 6196: 6176: 6151: 6126: 6101: 6071: 6046: 6021: 5996: 5935: 5923: 5829: 5798: 5735: 5662: 5565: 5529: 5468: 5460: 5428: 5318: 5225: 5179: 5168: 5081:. Duke University Press. 4949:(London: Carlton, 1997), 4588:10.1108/01409170810898536 3420:buzzardbook.wordpress.com 2937:. New York: Oxford Press. 2755:Biography for Andy Gibson 2067:List of R&B musicians 1350:'s original recording of 1232:Don't You Know I Love You 1143:" is a clave-based motif. 769:(The) Rock and Roll Waltz 357: 352: 331: 326: 288: 283: 252: 247: 173: 127: 119: 75: 60: 55: 7741:African-American society 7736:American styles of music 6285:United States portal 5811:Blues musicians by genre 5511:Traditional blues verses 5304:Urban adult contemporary 5197:British rhythm and blues 4576:Management Research News 4432:New Georgia Encyclopedia 4310:Music.barnesandnoble.com 4126:"Brook Benton Biography" 4000:Shake, Rattle & Rock 3580:The Power of Black Music 1878:British rhythm and blues 1872:British rhythm and blues 1052:in a blues progression. 386:urban contemporary music 6595:Sound system (Jamaican) 6337: 5096:White, Charles (2003). 4971:Official Charts Company 4916:(DK Publishing, 2002), 4914:Rolling With the Stones 4614:Rbhalloffamemarksms.com 3807:The Wall Street Journal 3584:Oxford University Press 3541:Frank Beacham's Journal 2054:Rhythm and blues portal 1700:had its first hit with 1525:, Sam "T-Bird" Jensen, 1505:and the Teenagers, and 1467:The Wall Street Journal 1418:in the spring of 1955, 1284:Also in 1951, the song 983:download the audio file 781:Saturday Night Fish Fry 773:Ain't Nobody's Business 571:Smithsonian Institution 569:One publication of the 410:that originated within 7731:African-American music 7107:Disco Demolition Night 6788:African American music 5049:(September 19, 1995). 4306:"Sample of "Gee Whiz"" 4069:, show 22, tracks 3–4. 4006:The Girl Can't Help It 3157:Stewart (2000 p. 306). 3148:Stewart (2000 p. 293). 2062:African-American music 1962:, the groups Free and 1894: 1662: 1560:" at number one, and " 1494: 1328:Teardrops from My Eyes 1320: 1206:Dolphin's of Hollywood 1196: 1144: 1109: 1101: 1030: 950: 941: 921: 903: 846: 816:African American music 751:. Also in that year, " 685:R&B originated in 633: 579: 18:Rhythm and blues music 6570:List of ska musicians 6212:Urban (industry term) 5501:Musical improvisation 3982:Rock Around the Clock 2698:Vocalgroupharmony.com 1902:". During the 1960s, 1885: 1864:-controlled realm of 1658: 1628:" at number one and " 1490: 1315: 1216:Double Crossing Blues 1191: 1135: 1107: 1099: 1028: 945: 923: 916: 898: 844: 624: 575: 552:Nothing but the Blues 6207:Contemporary R&B 5916:Black American music 5228:Contemporary R&B 4635:Arnold Shaw (1978). 4494:on December 23, 2015 4250:on December 11, 2007 4048:on December 11, 2007 3976:Don't Knock the Rock 3610:on December 11, 2007 3243:Roberts (1999: 137). 3168:Latin Beat Magazine. 2952:Lyricsplayground.com 2901:Africa and the Blues 2736:on December 11, 2007 2584:on December 11, 2007 2503:. October 12, 2018. 2017:Champion Jack Dupree 1753:Contemporary R&B 1676:'s number five hit " 1668:'s number five hit " 1464:. A 1985 article in 1368:Crying in the Chapel 1038:is different from a 803:(founded 1947), and 735:Good Rockin' Tonight 510:", a term coined by 451:contemporary R&B 266:contemporary R&B 37:For other uses, see 32:Contemporary R&B 6139:Chopped and screwed 5927:American folk music 5557:American folk music 5237:Alternative R&B 5212:New Orleans R&B 4936:, show 29, track 3. 4555:on October 19, 2015 4132:on February 5, 2012 3994:Rumble on the Docks 3843:by Lawrence N. Redd 3396:on February 3, 2014 3330:History-of-rock.com 3072:Kubik (1999 p. 51). 2543:on December 7, 2009 2320:Oxford Music Online 2205:. February 22, 2013 2003:Spencer Davis Group 1999:the Walker Brothers 1866:mass communications 1348:Willie Mae Thornton 256:Alternative R&B 128:Typical instruments 46:Nankai Broadcasting 7464:Chicago hard house 7140:Old-school hip hop 7067:dance-rock artists 7062:Post-disco artists 6555:Culture of Jamaica 5938:Early 20th century 5326:Adult contemporary 5299:Urban contemporary 5284:Rhythm & grime 4685:. pp. 53–54. 4372:. August 3, 1999. 4011:Rock Baby, Rock It 3737:, show 5, track 5. 3725:, show 3, track 5. 3697:, show 4, track 5. 3657:, show 6, track 3. 3568:, show 7, track 4. 3516:Faroutmagazine.com 3447:, show 6, track 2. 3326:"The Vocal Groups" 3315:, show 3, track 2. 2468:"Funk and R&B" 2316:"Rhythm and Blues" 2272:Nekesa Mumbi Moody 2154:The New York Times 1895: 1663: 1584:"/"Do I Like It". 1495: 1449:". The resulting " 1437:at Chess Records, 1378:Ain't That a Shame 1352:Leiber and Stoller 1321: 1296:with the vocal by 1197: 1184:Early to mid-1950s 1165:John Storm Roberts 1145: 1110: 1102: 1031: 970:Professor Longhair 922: 847: 634: 628:in New York City, 524:its chart listings 361:Black gospel music 312:rhythm & grime 7708: 7707: 7702: 7701: 7698: 7697: 7532: 7531: 7364:Progressive house 7174: 7173: 7154: 7153: 7072:dance-pop artists 6970:Alternative dance 6868: 6867: 6608: 6607: 6491:Asian Man Records 6476:Blue Beat Records 6305: 6304: 6262: 6261: 5943:Call and response 5875: 5874: 5491:Call and response 5415: 5414: 5314: 5313: 5202:Christian R&B 5062:978-0-517-70050-1 4804:"Geno Washington" 4648:978-0-02-061760-0 4543:says, ChgoSista. 4520:. July 16, 2012. 2679:978-0-14-006223-6 2662:(July 29, 1982). 2409:978-0-670-49511-5 2358:978-0-674-00084-1 2254:978-1-55859-271-1 2021:New Orleans blues 1983:It's All Over Now 1936:The New Religion, 1802:enjoyed success. 1622:Lawdy Miss Clawdy 1519:Shirley & Lee 1433:At the urging of 1422:'s debut record " 987: 863:Jelly Roll Morton 777:Jimmy Witherspoon 749:Harlem Hit Parade 493:Harlem Hit Parade 393: 392: 261:Christian R&B 76:Stylistic origins 16:(Redirected from 7753: 7721:Rhythm and blues 7541: 7540: 7524:New Jersey sound 7514:Melbourne bounce 7221: 7220: 7201: 7194: 7187: 7178: 7177: 7051: 7050: 6895: 6888: 6881: 6872: 6871: 6798:Mod (subculture) 6706:Psychedelic soul 6701:Progressive soul 6635: 6628: 6621: 6612: 6611: 6580:Music of Jamaica 6486:Moon Ska Records 6332: 6325: 6318: 6309: 6308: 6295: 6294: 6293: 6283: 6282: 6281: 6222: 6201: 6200: 6064:Psychedelic soul 6014:Rhythm and blues 5914: 5913: 5902: 5895: 5888: 5879: 5878: 5863: 5862: 5851: 5850: 5842:Blues portal 5840: 5839: 5838: 5743:Rhythm and blues 5516:Twelve-bar blues 5455: 5448: 5441: 5432: 5431: 5419: 5418: 5229: 5177: 5176: 5172: 5162: 5161:Rhythm and blues 5153: 5146: 5139: 5130: 5129: 5112:Guralnick, Peter 5101: 5100:. Omnibus Press. 5092: 5066: 5042: 5030: 5008: 5007:, pp. 1321–1322. 4993: 4982: 4981: 4979: 4977: 4963: 4957: 4943: 4937: 4931: 4925: 4910: 4904: 4903: 4901: 4899: 4878: 4872: 4866: 4860: 4859: 4857: 4855: 4834: 4828: 4817: 4811: 4800: 4794: 4793: 4791: 4789: 4772: 4766: 4765:, pp. 1315–1316. 4751: 4732: 4726: 4720: 4707:R. F. Schwartz, 4705: 4699: 4698: 4696: 4694: 4680: 4671: 4665: 4664: 4662: 4660: 4632: 4626: 4625: 4623: 4621: 4606: 4600: 4599: 4571: 4565: 4564: 4562: 4560: 4551:. Archived from 4540: 4534: 4533: 4531: 4529: 4510: 4504: 4503: 4501: 4499: 4490:. Archived from 4488:Blues & Soul 4480: 4474: 4473: 4471: 4469: 4455: 4449: 4448: 4446: 4444: 4422: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4402:. Archived from 4392: 4386: 4385: 4383: 4381: 4362: 4356: 4355: 4353: 4351: 4342:. Archived from 4332: 4326: 4325: 4323: 4321: 4302: 4296: 4295:, p. 83–84. 4290: 4284: 4278: 4272: 4266: 4260: 4259: 4257: 4255: 4246:. Archived from 4234: 4228: 4215: 4209: 4208: 4206: 4204: 4199:on June 18, 2009 4195:. Archived from 4183: 4174: 4173: 4171: 4169: 4164:on June 18, 2009 4148: 4142: 4141: 4139: 4137: 4128:. Archived from 4121: 4115: 4114: 4112: 4110: 4091: 4085: 4079: 4070: 4064: 4058: 4057: 4055: 4053: 4044:. Archived from 4032: 4026: 3988:Rock, Rock, Rock 3972: 3966: 3956: 3950: 3949: 3947: 3945: 3930: 3924: 3914: 3908: 3907: 3905: 3903: 3892:Rollingstone.com 3883: 3877: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3861:Rollingstone.com 3852: 3846: 3845: 3840: 3838: 3798: 3792: 3791: 3786: 3784: 3769: 3763: 3762: 3760: 3758: 3744: 3738: 3732: 3726: 3720: 3714: 3704: 3698: 3692: 3686: 3680: 3674: 3664: 3658: 3652: 3646: 3645: 3643: 3641: 3632:. Archived from 3626: 3620: 3619: 3617: 3615: 3606:. Archived from 3594: 3588: 3587: 3575: 3569: 3563: 3557: 3556: 3554: 3552: 3533: 3527: 3526: 3524: 3522: 3507: 3501: 3500: 3498: 3496: 3491:. April 16, 2004 3481: 3475: 3469: 3463: 3457: 3448: 3442: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3431: 3412: 3406: 3405: 3403: 3401: 3392:. Archived from 3390:Library.case.ueu 3382: 3376: 3375: 3373: 3371: 3362:. May 11, 2004. 3352: 3346: 3345: 3343: 3341: 3322: 3316: 3310: 3301: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3282: 3273: 3272: 3262: 3256: 3250: 3244: 3241: 3235: 3228: 3222: 3207: 3201: 3195: 3184: 3177: 3171: 3164: 3158: 3155: 3149: 3146: 3140: 3125: 3119: 3112: 3106: 3092: 3086: 3079: 3073: 3070: 3064: 3063: 3061: 3059: 3044: 3038: 3031: 3025: 3019: 3013: 3007: 3001: 2987: 2981: 2974: 2968: 2967: 2965: 2963: 2944: 2938: 2932: 2928: 2923: 2917: 2910: 2904: 2897: 2891: 2883: 2877: 2870: 2864: 2857: 2851: 2850: 2848: 2846: 2837:. Archived from 2827: 2821: 2820: 2818: 2816: 2797: 2791: 2790: 2788: 2786: 2767: 2761: 2752: 2746: 2745: 2743: 2741: 2732:. Archived from 2720: 2714: 2713: 2711: 2709: 2704:on March 9, 2012 2700:. Archived from 2690: 2684: 2683: 2656: 2650: 2649: 2647: 2645: 2636:. Archived from 2634:Allaboutjazz.com 2626: 2620: 2619: 2617: 2615: 2606:. Archived from 2600: 2594: 2593: 2591: 2589: 2580:. Archived from 2568: 2562: 2559: 2553: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2537:Findarticles.com 2529: 2520: 2519: 2514: 2512: 2493: 2487: 2486: 2481: 2479: 2464: 2458: 2451: 2445: 2435: 2429: 2423:Rhythm and blues 2420: 2414: 2413: 2402:. Viking Adult. 2396:(May 21, 1981). 2390: 2384: 2378: 2372: 2369: 2363: 2362: 2342: 2336: 2335: 2333: 2331: 2311: 2305: 2304: 2281: 2275: 2265: 2259: 2258: 2234: 2219: 2218: 2212: 2210: 2195: 2189: 2186: 2180: 2177: 2171: 2170: 2168: 2166: 2144: 2138: 2137: 2125: 2108: 2105: 2056: 2051: 2050: 2049: 1975:British Invasion 1712:' instrumental " 1696:", and in 1961, 1535:Illinois Jacquet 1511:Blue Suede Shoes 1395: 1390:Big Bill Broonzy 1288:was recorded by 1180:consciousness." 1173:Atlantic Records 1062:Mardi Gras Mambo 1037: 1013: 1002: 956:by the misnomer 927:Dave Bartholomew 807:(founded 1948). 799:(founded 1946), 795:(founded 1945), 791:(founded 1943), 787:(founded 1942), 687:African-American 631: 467:electronic music 412:African-American 406:, is a genre of 396:Rhythm and blues 174:Derivative forms 120:Cultural origins 65: 56:Rhythm and blues 53: 52: 21: 7761: 7760: 7756: 7755: 7754: 7752: 7751: 7750: 7711: 7710: 7709: 7704: 7703: 7694: 7668: 7642: 7528: 7422: 7210: 7205: 7175: 7170: 7150: 7149: 7112: 7111: 7101:Disco Not Disco 7077: 7076: 7042: 6994: 6955: 6904: 6899: 6869: 6864: 6776: 6740:Regional scenes 6735: 6666:Brown-eyed soul 6644: 6639: 6609: 6604: 6538: 6527:Trojan skinhead 6495: 6449: 6408: 6387:Regional scenes 6382: 6341: 6336: 6306: 6301: 6291: 6289: 6279: 6277: 6258: 6220: 6215: 6192: 6181: 6172: 6156: 6147: 6131: 6122: 6106: 6097: 6076: 6067: 6051: 6042: 6026: 6017: 6001: 5992: 5931: 5919: 5908: 5906: 5876: 5871: 5836: 5834: 5825: 5821:Blues festivals 5816:Blues standards 5806:Blues musicians 5794: 5731: 5658: 5567: 5561: 5525: 5496:Eight-bar blues 5464: 5459: 5424: 5416: 5411: 5310: 5227: 5221: 5170: 5164: 5160: 5157: 5108: 5106:Further reading 5089: 5063: 5028: 5022:Gilliland, John 5017: 5012: 5011: 4994: 4985: 4975: 4973: 4965: 4964: 4960: 4944: 4940: 4932: 4928: 4911: 4907: 4897: 4895: 4880: 4879: 4875: 4867: 4863: 4853: 4851: 4836: 4835: 4831: 4818: 4814: 4801: 4797: 4787: 4785: 4773: 4769: 4752: 4735: 4727: 4723: 4706: 4702: 4692: 4690: 4683:Moment Magazine 4678: 4672: 4668: 4658: 4656: 4649: 4633: 4629: 4619: 4617: 4616:. July 24, 2022 4608: 4607: 4603: 4572: 4568: 4558: 4556: 4541: 4537: 4527: 4525: 4512: 4511: 4507: 4497: 4495: 4482: 4481: 4477: 4467: 4465: 4457: 4456: 4452: 4442: 4440: 4423: 4419: 4409: 4407: 4406:on May 12, 2008 4396:"The Beginning" 4394: 4393: 4389: 4379: 4377: 4364: 4363: 4359: 4349: 4347: 4346:on July 8, 2017 4334: 4333: 4329: 4319: 4317: 4304: 4303: 4299: 4291: 4287: 4279: 4275: 4267: 4263: 4253: 4251: 4236: 4235: 4231: 4216: 4212: 4202: 4200: 4185: 4184: 4177: 4167: 4165: 4150: 4149: 4145: 4135: 4133: 4122: 4118: 4108: 4106: 4093: 4092: 4088: 4080: 4073: 4065: 4061: 4051: 4049: 4034: 4033: 4029: 4022:Go, Johnny, Go! 3973: 3969: 3957: 3953: 3943: 3941: 3932: 3931: 3927: 3915: 3911: 3901: 3899: 3884: 3880: 3870: 3868: 3853: 3849: 3836: 3834: 3819:10.2307/1214792 3799: 3795: 3782: 3780: 3779:. June 15, 2020 3773:"Roots of Rock" 3771: 3770: 3766: 3756: 3754: 3746: 3745: 3741: 3733: 3729: 3721: 3717: 3705: 3701: 3693: 3689: 3681: 3677: 3665: 3661: 3653: 3649: 3639: 3637: 3636:on July 8, 2008 3628: 3627: 3623: 3613: 3611: 3596: 3595: 3591: 3576: 3572: 3564: 3560: 3550: 3548: 3535: 3534: 3530: 3520: 3518: 3508: 3504: 3494: 3492: 3483: 3482: 3478: 3470: 3466: 3458: 3451: 3443: 3439: 3429: 3427: 3414: 3413: 3409: 3399: 3397: 3384: 3383: 3379: 3369: 3367: 3354: 3353: 3349: 3339: 3337: 3324: 3323: 3319: 3311: 3304: 3294: 3292: 3284: 3283: 3276: 3268:Rockin' in Time 3263: 3259: 3251: 3247: 3242: 3238: 3232:The Latin Tinge 3229: 3225: 3208: 3204: 3196: 3187: 3178: 3174: 3170:v. 3 n. 9. Nov. 3165: 3161: 3156: 3152: 3147: 3143: 3126: 3122: 3113: 3109: 3093: 3089: 3080: 3076: 3071: 3067: 3057: 3055: 3045: 3041: 3032: 3028: 3020: 3016: 3008: 3004: 2988: 2984: 2975: 2971: 2961: 2959: 2946: 2945: 2941: 2930: 2926: 2924: 2920: 2911: 2907: 2898: 2894: 2884: 2880: 2871: 2867: 2861:The Latin Tinge 2858: 2854: 2844: 2842: 2841:on June 5, 2011 2829: 2828: 2824: 2814: 2812: 2799: 2798: 2794: 2784: 2782: 2769: 2768: 2764: 2753: 2749: 2739: 2737: 2722: 2721: 2717: 2707: 2705: 2692: 2691: 2687: 2680: 2657: 2653: 2643: 2641: 2640:on May 13, 2009 2628: 2627: 2623: 2613: 2611: 2610:on May 28, 2009 2602: 2601: 2597: 2587: 2585: 2570: 2569: 2565: 2560: 2556: 2546: 2544: 2531: 2530: 2523: 2510: 2508: 2495: 2494: 2490: 2477: 2475: 2474:. June 15, 2020 2466: 2465: 2461: 2452: 2448: 2436: 2432: 2421: 2417: 2410: 2391: 2387: 2379: 2375: 2370: 2366: 2359: 2343: 2339: 2329: 2327: 2312: 2308: 2301: 2282: 2278: 2266: 2262: 2255: 2235: 2222: 2208: 2206: 2197: 2196: 2192: 2187: 2183: 2178: 2174: 2164: 2162: 2145: 2141: 2126: 2111: 2106: 2095: 2090: 2052: 2047: 2045: 2042: 1973:) and led the " 1916:Geno Washington 1908:the Foundations 1904:Geno Washington 1880: 1874: 1854: 1848: 1838:was founded by 1792:Destiny's Child 1755: 1749: 1747:Since the 1980s 1653: 1485: 1409:Hearts of Stone 1393: 1298:Jackie Brenston 1267:Long Tall Sally 1186: 1171:, producer for 1163:. According to 1141:Bo Diddley beat 1114:Bo Diddley beat 1035: 1011: 1000: 990: 989: 988: 986: 882:Wynton Marsalis 828:habanera rhythm 813: 753:The Huckle-Buck 683: 667:electric guitar 638:great migration 619: 614: 560:religious music 556:classical music 475: 371:brown-eyed soul 169: 145:electric guitar 71: 49: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7759: 7749: 7748: 7743: 7738: 7733: 7728: 7723: 7706: 7705: 7700: 7699: 7696: 7695: 7693: 7692: 7687: 7682: 7676: 7674: 7670: 7669: 7667: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7650: 7648: 7644: 7643: 7641: 7640: 7635: 7630: 7625: 7620: 7619: 7618: 7613: 7603: 7593: 7588: 7583: 7578: 7573: 7568: 7563: 7558: 7553: 7547: 7545: 7538: 7537:Related topics 7534: 7533: 7530: 7529: 7527: 7526: 7521: 7516: 7511: 7506: 7501: 7496: 7491: 7486: 7481: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7461: 7456: 7454:Brazilian bass 7451: 7449:Baltimore club 7446: 7441: 7436: 7430: 7428: 7424: 7423: 7421: 7420: 7419: 7418: 7413: 7412: 7411: 7401: 7391: 7389:Tropical house 7386: 7381: 7376: 7371: 7366: 7361: 7360: 7359: 7352:Outsider house 7349: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7329: 7328: 7327: 7322: 7312: 7307: 7302: 7297: 7296: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7283:Big room house 7275: 7274: 7273: 7263: 7258: 7253: 7248: 7243: 7238: 7233: 7227: 7225: 7218: 7212: 7211: 7204: 7203: 7196: 7189: 7181: 7172: 7171: 7159: 7156: 7155: 7152: 7151: 7148: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7127: 7121: 7120: 7118: 7114: 7113: 7110: 7109: 7104: 7097: 7092: 7086: 7085: 7083: 7079: 7078: 7075: 7074: 7069: 7064: 7058: 7057: 7055: 7048: 7044: 7043: 7041: 7040: 7039: 7038: 7033: 7023: 7022: 7021: 7011: 7005: 7003: 6996: 6995: 6993: 6992: 6987: 6982: 6977: 6972: 6966: 6964: 6957: 6956: 6954: 6953: 6952: 6951: 6946: 6936: 6931: 6921: 6915: 6913: 6906: 6905: 6898: 6897: 6890: 6883: 6875: 6866: 6865: 6863: 6862: 6857: 6855:Soul musicians 6852: 6847: 6842: 6837: 6832: 6827: 6822: 6817: 6816: 6815: 6808:Motown Records 6805: 6800: 6795: 6790: 6784: 6782: 6778: 6777: 6775: 6774: 6772:United Kingdom 6769: 6764: 6759: 6754: 6749: 6743: 6741: 6737: 6736: 6734: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6703: 6698: 6693: 6688: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6671:Cinematic soul 6668: 6663: 6658: 6656:Blue-eyed soul 6652: 6650: 6646: 6645: 6638: 6637: 6630: 6623: 6615: 6606: 6605: 6603: 6602: 6597: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6577: 6572: 6567: 6562: 6557: 6552: 6546: 6544: 6540: 6539: 6537: 6536: 6531: 6530: 6529: 6519: 6514: 6509: 6503: 6501: 6497: 6496: 6494: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6481:2 Tone Records 6478: 6473: 6471:Trojan Records 6468: 6463: 6457: 6455: 6451: 6450: 6448: 6447: 6442: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6416: 6414: 6410: 6409: 6407: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6390: 6388: 6384: 6383: 6381: 6380: 6375: 6373:Third wave ska 6370: 6365: 6360: 6355: 6349: 6347: 6343: 6342: 6335: 6334: 6327: 6320: 6312: 6303: 6302: 6300: 6299: 6287: 6275: 6267: 6264: 6263: 6260: 6259: 6257: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6225: 6223: 6217: 6216: 6214: 6209: 6204: 6198: 6194: 6193: 6191: 6186: 6177: 6174: 6173: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6152: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6134:New jack swing 6127: 6124: 6123: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6102: 6099: 6098: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6072: 6069: 6068: 6066: 6061: 6056: 6047: 6044: 6043: 6041: 6036: 6031: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6016: 6011: 6006: 5997: 5994: 5993: 5991: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5936: 5933: 5932: 5924: 5921: 5920: 5905: 5904: 5897: 5890: 5882: 5873: 5872: 5870: 5869: 5857: 5845: 5830: 5827: 5826: 5824: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5802: 5800: 5796: 5795: 5793: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5772: 5771: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5745: 5739: 5737: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5704: 5699: 5694: 5693: 5692: 5687: 5677: 5675:Classic female 5672: 5666: 5664: 5660: 5659: 5657: 5656: 5651: 5649:United Kingdom 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5620: 5619: 5614: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5584: 5583: 5582: 5571: 5569: 5563: 5562: 5560: 5559: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5539: 5533: 5531: 5527: 5526: 5524: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5472: 5470: 5466: 5465: 5458: 5457: 5450: 5443: 5435: 5429: 5426: 5425: 5413: 5412: 5410: 5409: 5404: 5403: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5385:Blue-eyed soul 5377: 5372: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5356: 5355: 5345: 5344: 5343: 5333: 5328: 5322: 5320: 5319:Related topics 5316: 5315: 5312: 5311: 5309: 5308: 5307: 5306: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5266: 5264:New jack swing 5261: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5245: 5244: 5233: 5231: 5223: 5222: 5220: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5194: 5189: 5183: 5181: 5174: 5166: 5165: 5156: 5155: 5148: 5141: 5133: 5127: 5126: 5107: 5104: 5103: 5102: 5093: 5088:978-0822340416 5087: 5067: 5061: 5047:Palmer, Robert 5043: 5034:Pop Chronicles 5016: 5013: 5010: 5009: 4983: 4958: 4938: 4934:Gilliland 1969 4926: 4905: 4873: 4869:Gilliland 1969 4861: 4829: 4812: 4795: 4767: 4733: 4729:Gilliland 1969 4721: 4700: 4666: 4647: 4627: 4601: 4582:(9): 637–649. 4566: 4535: 4505: 4475: 4450: 4417: 4387: 4370:Potentbrew.com 4357: 4327: 4297: 4285: 4281:Gilliland 1969 4273: 4269:Gilliland 1969 4261: 4229: 4210: 4175: 4143: 4116: 4095:"Brook Benton" 4086: 4071: 4067:Gilliland 1969 4059: 4027: 3967: 3951: 3925: 3917:Whitburn, Joel 3909: 3878: 3847: 3793: 3764: 3739: 3735:Gilliland 1969 3727: 3723:Gilliland 1969 3715: 3699: 3695:Gilliland 1969 3687: 3683:Gilliland 1969 3675: 3659: 3655:Gilliland 1969 3647: 3621: 3589: 3586:. p. 177. 3570: 3566:Gilliland 1969 3558: 3528: 3502: 3476: 3474:, p. 227. 3464: 3462:, p. 231. 3449: 3445:Gilliland 1969 3437: 3407: 3377: 3360:Cduniverse.com 3347: 3317: 3313:Gilliland 1969 3302: 3274: 3257: 3245: 3236: 3223: 3202: 3185: 3172: 3159: 3150: 3141: 3120: 3107: 3087: 3074: 3065: 3039: 3026: 3014: 3002: 2982: 2969: 2939: 2918: 2905: 2892: 2878: 2865: 2852: 2822: 2792: 2762: 2747: 2715: 2685: 2678: 2660:Palmer, Robert 2651: 2621: 2595: 2563: 2554: 2521: 2488: 2459: 2453:Gilroy, Paul. 2446: 2430: 2415: 2408: 2394:Palmer, Robert 2385: 2373: 2364: 2357: 2337: 2306: 2299: 2285:Whitburn, Joel 2276: 2260: 2253: 2220: 2190: 2181: 2172: 2139: 2109: 2092: 2091: 2089: 2086: 2085: 2084: 2079: 2074: 2069: 2064: 2058: 2057: 2041: 2038: 2033:mod subculture 1876:Main article: 1873: 1870: 1850:Main article: 1847: 1844: 1808:LaFace Records 1796:Tevin Campbell 1751:Main article: 1748: 1745: 1686:blue-eyed soul 1674:Chubby Checker 1652: 1649: 1641:Smokie, Part 2 1597:Motown Records 1554:Jailhouse Rock 1484: 1481: 1247:Little Richard 1220:Cupid's Boogie 1193:Little Richard 1185: 1182: 980: 977: 974: 936:Little Richard 812: 809: 742:Sonny Thompson 723:Wynonie Harris 711:Big Joe Turner 699:R&B charts 682: 679: 647:Lonnie Johnson 643:Harlem Hamfats 618: 615: 613: 610: 474: 471: 457:, soul, funk, 432:electric blues 391: 390: 389: 388: 383: 378: 373: 368: 366:blue-eyed soul 363: 355: 354: 350: 349: 348: 347: 345:United Kingdom 342: 337: 329: 328: 324: 323: 322: 321: 314: 309: 304: 302:new jack swing 299: 294: 286: 285: 281: 280: 279: 278: 273: 268: 263: 258: 250: 249: 245: 244: 243: 242: 237: 232: 227: 222: 217: 212: 207: 202: 197: 192: 187: 185:Brill Building 182: 175: 171: 170: 168: 167: 162: 157: 152: 150:electric organ 147: 142: 137: 131: 129: 125: 124: 121: 117: 116: 115: 114: 109: 104: 99: 94: 89: 84: 77: 73: 72: 68:Big Joe Turner 66: 58: 57: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7758: 7747: 7744: 7742: 7739: 7737: 7734: 7732: 7729: 7727: 7724: 7722: 7719: 7718: 7716: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7681: 7678: 7677: 7675: 7671: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7654:Electro dance 7652: 7651: 7649: 7645: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7621: 7617: 7614: 7612: 7609: 7608: 7607: 7604: 7601: 7597: 7594: 7592: 7589: 7587: 7586:Jungle terror 7584: 7582: 7579: 7577: 7574: 7572: 7571:Electro swing 7569: 7567: 7564: 7562: 7559: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7549: 7548: 7546: 7542: 7539: 7535: 7525: 7522: 7520: 7517: 7515: 7512: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7500: 7497: 7495: 7492: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7469:Chicago house 7467: 7465: 7462: 7460: 7457: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7445: 7444:Balearic beat 7442: 7440: 7437: 7435: 7432: 7431: 7429: 7425: 7417: 7414: 7410: 7407: 7406: 7405: 7404:Pumping house 7402: 7400: 7397: 7396: 7395: 7394:UK hard house 7392: 7390: 7387: 7385: 7382: 7380: 7377: 7375: 7374:Soulful house 7372: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7358: 7355: 7354: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7342:Melodic house 7340: 7338: 7335: 7333: 7330: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7317: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7280: 7279: 7278:Electro house 7276: 7272: 7269: 7268: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7259: 7257: 7254: 7252: 7249: 7247: 7244: 7242: 7239: 7237: 7236:Ambient house 7234: 7232: 7229: 7228: 7226: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7213: 7209: 7202: 7197: 7195: 7190: 7188: 7183: 7182: 7179: 7169: 7165: 7162: 7157: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7122: 7119: 7115: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7102: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7087: 7084: 7080: 7073: 7070: 7068: 7065: 7063: 7060: 7059: 7056: 7052: 7049: 7045: 7037: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7028: 7027: 7024: 7020: 7017: 7016: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7006: 7004: 7001: 6997: 6991: 6988: 6986: 6983: 6981: 6978: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6967: 6965: 6962: 6958: 6950: 6947: 6945: 6942: 6941: 6940: 6937: 6935: 6932: 6929: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6916: 6914: 6911: 6907: 6903: 6896: 6891: 6889: 6884: 6882: 6877: 6876: 6873: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6851: 6848: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6814: 6811: 6810: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6785: 6783: 6779: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6744: 6742: 6738: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6721:Southern soul 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6696:Northern soul 6694: 6692: 6689: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6657: 6654: 6653: 6651: 6647: 6643: 6636: 6631: 6629: 6624: 6622: 6617: 6616: 6613: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6585:Skank (dance) 6583: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6547: 6545: 6541: 6535: 6532: 6528: 6525: 6524: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6508: 6505: 6504: 6502: 6498: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6458: 6456: 6454:Record labels 6452: 6446: 6443: 6441: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6417: 6415: 6411: 6405: 6404:Orange County 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6391: 6389: 6385: 6379: 6376: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6366: 6364: 6361: 6359: 6356: 6354: 6353:Christian ska 6351: 6350: 6348: 6344: 6340: 6333: 6328: 6326: 6321: 6319: 6314: 6313: 6310: 6298: 6288: 6286: 6276: 6274: 6273: 6269: 6268: 6265: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6226: 6224: 6218: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6202: 6199: 6195: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6125: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6100: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6045: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6030: 6029:Rock and roll 6027: 6025: 6020: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5995: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5968:Boogie-woogie 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5940: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5928: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5903: 5898: 5896: 5891: 5889: 5884: 5883: 5880: 5868: 5867: 5858: 5856: 5855: 5846: 5844: 5843: 5832: 5831: 5828: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5803: 5801: 5797: 5791: 5790:Southern rock 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5769: 5768:Southern rock 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5750: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5740: 5738: 5736:Fusion genres 5734: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5707:Fife and drum 5705: 5703: 5700: 5698: 5695: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5682: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5670:Boogie-woogie 5668: 5667: 5665: 5661: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5609: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5585: 5581: 5578: 5577: 5576: 5573: 5572: 5570: 5564: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5542:Field hollers 5540: 5538: 5535: 5534: 5532: 5528: 5522: 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5473: 5471: 5467: 5463: 5456: 5451: 5449: 5444: 5442: 5437: 5436: 5433: 5427: 5420: 5408: 5405: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5382: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5354: 5351: 5350: 5349: 5346: 5342: 5339: 5338: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5323: 5321: 5317: 5305: 5302: 5301: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5259:Latin R&B 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5243: 5240: 5239: 5238: 5235: 5234: 5232: 5230: 5224: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5198: 5195: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5185: 5184: 5182: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5167: 5163: 5154: 5149: 5147: 5142: 5140: 5135: 5134: 5131: 5125: 5124:0-06-096049-3 5121: 5117: 5113: 5110: 5109: 5099: 5094: 5090: 5084: 5080: 5076: 5075:Eric Weisbard 5072: 5071:Sublette, Ned 5068: 5064: 5058: 5054: 5053: 5048: 5044: 5040: 5036: 5035: 5027: 5023: 5019: 5018: 5006: 5005:0-87930-653-X 5002: 4998: 4992: 4990: 4988: 4972: 4968: 4962: 4956: 4955:1-85868-255-X 4952: 4948: 4942: 4935: 4930: 4923: 4922:0-7894-9998-3 4919: 4915: 4909: 4893: 4889: 4888: 4883: 4877: 4870: 4865: 4849: 4845: 4844: 4839: 4833: 4826: 4822: 4821:"Jimmy James" 4819:A. Hamilton, 4816: 4809: 4805: 4799: 4784: 4783: 4778: 4771: 4764: 4763:0-87930-653-X 4760: 4756: 4750: 4748: 4746: 4744: 4742: 4740: 4738: 4730: 4725: 4718: 4717:0-7546-5580-6 4714: 4710: 4704: 4688: 4684: 4677: 4670: 4654: 4650: 4644: 4640: 4639: 4631: 4615: 4611: 4605: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4577: 4570: 4554: 4550: 4546: 4539: 4523: 4519: 4518:Village Voice 4515: 4509: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4479: 4464: 4460: 4454: 4438: 4434: 4433: 4428: 4421: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4391: 4375: 4371: 4367: 4361: 4345: 4341: 4340:Mp3fiesta.com 4337: 4331: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4301: 4294: 4289: 4282: 4277: 4270: 4265: 4249: 4245: 4244: 4239: 4233: 4227: 4226:1-55652-614-8 4223: 4219: 4214: 4198: 4194: 4193: 4188: 4182: 4180: 4163: 4159: 4158: 4153: 4147: 4131: 4127: 4120: 4104: 4100: 4096: 4090: 4084:, p. 82. 4083: 4078: 4076: 4068: 4063: 4047: 4043: 4042: 4037: 4031: 4024: 4023: 4018: 4017: 4016:Untamed Youth 4012: 4008: 4007: 4002: 4001: 3996: 3995: 3990: 3989: 3984: 3983: 3978: 3977: 3971: 3965: 3964:0-7868-6073-1 3961: 3955: 3939: 3935: 3929: 3922: 3918: 3913: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3882: 3866: 3862: 3858: 3851: 3844: 3832: 3828: 3824: 3820: 3816: 3812: 3808: 3804: 3797: 3790: 3778: 3774: 3768: 3753: 3749: 3743: 3736: 3731: 3724: 3719: 3713: 3712:0-7868-6073-1 3709: 3703: 3696: 3691: 3684: 3679: 3673: 3672:0-7868-6073-1 3669: 3663: 3656: 3651: 3635: 3631: 3625: 3609: 3605: 3604: 3599: 3593: 3585: 3581: 3574: 3567: 3562: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3532: 3517: 3513: 3506: 3490: 3486: 3480: 3473: 3468: 3461: 3456: 3454: 3446: 3441: 3425: 3421: 3417: 3411: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3381: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3351: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3321: 3314: 3309: 3307: 3291: 3287: 3281: 3279: 3270: 3269: 3261: 3255:, p. 69. 3254: 3253:Sublette 2007 3249: 3240: 3233: 3227: 3220: 3219:1-886502-80-3 3216: 3212: 3206: 3199: 3198:Sublette 2007 3194: 3192: 3190: 3182: 3181:Popular Music 3176: 3169: 3163: 3154: 3145: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3124: 3117: 3116:Popular Music 3111: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3091: 3084: 3078: 3069: 3054: 3050: 3043: 3036: 3035:Spin Magazine 3030: 3024:, p. 82. 3023: 3022:Sublette 2007 3018: 3012:, p. 60. 3011: 3006: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2986: 2979: 2973: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2943: 2936: 2922: 2915: 2909: 2902: 2896: 2889: 2882: 2875: 2869: 2862: 2856: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2826: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2801:"Hucklebuck!" 2796: 2780: 2776: 2772: 2771:"Hucklebuck!" 2766: 2760: 2756: 2751: 2735: 2731: 2730: 2725: 2719: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2689: 2681: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2666: 2661: 2655: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2625: 2609: 2605: 2599: 2583: 2579: 2578: 2573: 2567: 2558: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2528: 2526: 2518: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2492: 2485: 2473: 2469: 2463: 2456: 2450: 2444: 2443:0-252-06538-7 2440: 2434: 2428: 2424: 2419: 2411: 2405: 2401: 2400: 2395: 2389: 2382: 2377: 2368: 2360: 2354: 2350: 2349: 2341: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2314:Rye, Howard. 2310: 2302: 2300:0-89820-115-2 2296: 2292: 2291: 2286: 2280: 2273: 2269: 2264: 2256: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2241: 2233: 2231: 2229: 2227: 2225: 2217: 2204: 2200: 2194: 2185: 2176: 2160: 2156: 2155: 2150: 2143: 2135: 2131: 2124: 2122: 2120: 2118: 2116: 2114: 2104: 2102: 2100: 2098: 2093: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2059: 2055: 2044: 2037: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2025:boogie woogie 2022: 2018: 2014: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1995:Steve Winwood 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1967: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1944:Alexis Korner 1941: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1922:by guitarist 1921: 1917: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1879: 1869: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1853: 1843: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1828: 1826: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1809: 1806:, the CEO of 1805: 1801: 1800:Mary J. Blige 1797: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1776:Janet Jackson 1773: 1769: 1765: 1760: 1754: 1744: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1729: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1661: 1657: 1648: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1633: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1610:Frank Sinatra 1607: 1606:Nat King Cole 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1585: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1566:Nat King Cole 1563: 1559: 1558:Treat Me Nice 1555: 1550: 1548: 1547:the Flamingos 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1527:the Cleftones 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1503:Frankie Lymon 1500: 1493: 1489: 1480: 1478: 1477: 1476:Rolling Stone 1471: 1469: 1468: 1463: 1462:rock and roll 1458: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1435:Leonard Chess 1431: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1416:Chess Records 1412: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1397: 1391: 1387: 1386:I Got a Woman 1383: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1308: 1303: 1302:rock and roll 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1282: 1280: 1276: 1275:Elvis Presley 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1243: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1207: 1202: 1194: 1190: 1181: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1169:Ahmet Ertegun 1166: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1128: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1106: 1098: 1094: 1092: 1087: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1041: 1027: 1023: 1021: 1017: 1009: 1004: 998: 994: 993:Gerhard Kubik 984: 973: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 949: 944: 940: 937: 933: 928: 919: 915: 911: 909: 908:Robert Palmer 902: 897: 895: 891: 887: 883: 879: 876: 872: 868: 867:Spanish tinge 864: 860: 856: 852: 843: 839: 837: 833: 829: 825: 821: 817: 808: 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 758: 757:Paul Williams 754: 750: 745: 743: 740: 736: 732: 728: 724: 720: 716: 712: 708: 704: 703:boogie-woogie 700: 696: 692: 688: 678: 676: 672: 668: 664: 663:T-Bone Walker 660: 656: 652: 648: 644: 639: 627: 623: 609: 607: 602: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 578: 574: 572: 567: 563: 561: 557: 553: 549: 548:Lawrence Cohn 545: 541: 537: 536:Robert Palmer 533: 528: 525: 521: 517: 513: 509: 505: 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 485: 480: 470: 468: 464: 460: 456: 452: 447: 445: 441: 437: 434:, as well as 433: 429: 428:rock and roll 425: 420: 417: 413: 409: 408:popular music 405: 401: 397: 387: 384: 382: 379: 377: 374: 372: 369: 367: 364: 362: 359: 358: 356: 351: 346: 343: 341: 338: 336: 333: 332: 330: 325: 319: 315: 313: 310: 308: 305: 303: 300: 298: 297:Latin R&B 295: 293: 290: 289: 287: 284:Fusion genres 282: 277: 274: 272: 269: 267: 264: 262: 259: 257: 254: 253: 251: 246: 241: 238: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 215:rock and roll 213: 211: 208: 206: 203: 201: 198: 196: 193: 191: 188: 186: 183: 181: 178: 177: 176: 172: 166: 163: 161: 158: 156: 153: 151: 148: 146: 143: 141: 138: 136: 133: 132: 130: 126: 122: 118: 113: 110: 108: 105: 103: 102:boogie-woogie 100: 98: 95: 93: 90: 88: 85: 83: 80: 79: 78: 74: 69: 64: 59: 54: 51: 47: 40: 33: 19: 7566:Dream trance 7484:French house 7416:Scouse house 7384:Tribal house 7315:Ghetto house 7310:Garage house 7305:Future house 7293:Fidget house 7160: 7130:French house 7099: 7047:Other topics 6845:Stax Records 6835:Sophisti-pop 6820:Plastic soul 6781:Other topics 6767:Philadelphia 6681:Hip hop soul 6543:Other topics 6439: 6271: 6178: 6153: 6128: 6103: 6094:Garage house 6073: 6048: 6023: 6013: 5998: 5948:Field holler 5937: 5925: 5864: 5852: 5833: 5742: 5690:Hill country 5602:Hill country 5580:Desert blues 5521:Walking bass 5481:Blues ballad 5469:Musical form 5390:British soul 5254:Hip hop soul 5169: 5159: 5115: 5097: 5078: 5051: 5032: 4996: 4976:November 11, 4974:. 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