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248:(LT-SEM) clearly show cloud droplets measuring up to 50 μm on the surface of the crystals. The rime has been observed on all four basic forms of snow crystals, including plates, dendrites, columns and needles. As the riming process continues the mass of frozen, accumulated cloud droplets obscures the identity of the original snow crystal, giving rise to a
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is the most dense. All forms of ice can spoil lift and may have a catastrophic effect on an airborne aircraft. These hazardous effects are due to the ice's ability to disrupt airflow, increase weight, and add drag. Ice forming on propellers or engine inlets are especially dangerous as it can cause
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Soft rime formations appear as narrow white icy needles and scales. These needles are fragile and can be easily shaken off objects and removed. Factors that favour soft rime include: small drop size, the slow accretion of liquid water, a high degree of supercooling, and fast dissipation of latent
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may encounter and pass via atmospheric supercooled cloud droplets. These droplets, which have a diameter of about 10 μm, can exist in an unfrozen state down to temperatures near −40 °C (−40 °F). Contact between the snow crystal and the supercooled droplets results in the freezing of the liquid
233:. Crystals that exhibit frozen droplets on their surfaces are referred to as rimed. When this process continues to the point that the shape of the original snow crystal is no longer identifiable the resulting crystal gets referred to as
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is a white ice deposition that forms when the water droplets in light freezing fog or mist freeze to the outer surfaces of objects during calm or light wind. The fog usually freezes to the
177:(wind-facing) side of tree branches, buildings, or any other solid objects, usually with high wind velocities and air temperatures between −2 and −8 °C (28 and 18 °F).
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Hard rime formations are more difficult to remove. They have a comb-like appearance, with the streaks of material parallel to that of the direction of the wind. This is unlike
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The frozen droplets on the surface of rimed crystals are hard to resolve and the topography of a graupel particle is not easy to record with a visible-wavelength
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Hard rime forms by rapid freezing of supercooled water under at least moderate wind conditions. The droplets freeze more or less individually, leaving air gaps.
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Clear ice forms by slow freezing of supercooled water. Clear ice is typically transparent and homogeneous. Its amorphous and dense structure makes it adhesive.
302:, is very similar in appearance to soft rime, but the formation process is different; it happens when there is no fog, but very high levels of air
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because of the limited resolution and depth of field in the instrument. However, observations of snow crystals with a low-temperature
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Soft rime forms when supercooled water freezes under calm wind conditions. It is milky and crystalline, like sugar, and similar to
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373:, Electron Microscopy Unit, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture., archived from
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is similar in appearance to clear ice, however it is the result of a completely different process, occurring during
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heat of fusion. The opposite of these conditions favour ice with higher densities, such as the aforementioned
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to liquid droplets (of fog, mist or cloud) and then attaching to a surface, hoar frost is formed by direct
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Soft and hard rime are less dense than clear ice and less adhesive, thus generally cause less damage.
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side of solid objects, particularly those with a likeness to that of tree branches and wires.
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droplets freeze onto surfaces. In the atmosphere, there are three basic types of rime ice:
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droplets onto the surface of the crystals. This process of crystal growth is known as
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freeze to the outer surfaces of objects. It is often seen on trees atop mountains and
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Electron microscope image of rime ice on both ends of a "capped column" snowflake
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from water vapour to solid ice. A heavy coating of hoar frost, called
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Under some specific atmospheric conditions, forming and descending
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from Proto-Indo-European – *krey- (“to streak; graze; touch”).
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Scientists at meteorologically extreme places, such as
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Wind blown rime ice formed on the summit cross of the
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Granular whitish deposit of ice formed by freezing fog
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is a white ice that forms when the water droplets in
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from Proto-Germanic – *hrīmaz, *hrīmą (“hoarfrost”)
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106:severe vibration and/or damage if ingested.
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91:ice forms on the surface of an aircraft
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286:Soft rime is similar in appearance to
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118:from Middle English – rime, ryme, rim
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189:, which looks feathery or spiky, or
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1083:from websites or documents of the
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1079: This article incorporates
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310:below −8 °C (18 °F).
124:from Proto-West Germanic – *hrīm
409:American Meteorological Society
401:American Meteorological Society
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246:scanning electron microscope
165:in winter, when low-hanging
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101:is intermediately dense and
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212:Formation on snow crystals
173:. This fog freezes to the
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89:Rime ice also forms when
1085:United States Government
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407:Soft Rime in Glossary,
399:Hard Rime in Glossary,
121:from Old English – hrīm
1081:public domain material
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114:The word 'Rime' comes
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97:is the least dense,
938:Iceman (occupation)
34:Hard rime on a tree
490:Crystalline phases
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1052:Wikimedia Commons
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332:Atmospheric icing
304:relative humidity
54:supercooled water
16:(Redirected from
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647:Frost flower
478:Major phases
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379:, retrieved
375:the original
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308:temperatures
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1017:Pleistocene
731:Ice-related
642:Frost heave
576:Stalactites
300:white frost
206:anemometers
52:forms when
1094:Categories
1063:Wiktionary
1007:Glaciology
962:Other uses
832:Ice racing
827:Ice hockey
802:Iceboating
733:activities
504:Formations
495:Superionic
338:References
296:deposition
292:condensing
288:hoar frost
252:particle.
242:microscope
62:hoar frost
18:Rime frost
1105:Water ice
774:Sculpture
590:Phenomena
381:25 August
320:clear ice
316:hard rime
277:Soft rime
272:Soft rime
264:Soft rime
256:Soft rime
231:accretion
191:clear ice
187:soft rime
155:Hard rime
135:Hard rime
103:clear ice
99:milky ice
76:Glaze ice
1041:Category
999:Ice ages
953:Yakhchāl
933:Icehouse
759:Climbing
754:Blocking
749:Blasting
667:Hair ice
617:Crystals
326:See also
281:windward
175:windward
95:Rime ice
50:Rime ice
923:Cutting
897:Pykrete
817:Cycling
812:Curling
807:Cricket
779:Skating
769:Rafting
764:Fishing
744:Bathing
687:Nucleus
672:Jacking
651:sea ice
649: (
581:Volcano
545:calving
543: (
541:Iceberg
536:Glacier
250:graupel
235:graupel
149:Germany
84:drizzle
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928:Icebox
887:Palace
872:Bridge
789:Sports
707:Slurry
682:Needle
632:Frazil
551:Icicle
511:Anchor
352:"Rime"
169:cause
167:clouds
163:ridges
979:Cream
969:Chips
948:Trade
882:Igloo
877:Hotel
797:Bandy
722:Storm
712:Slush
702:Shuga
697:Shove
657:Glaze
637:Frost
612:Clear
602:Black
571:Spike
566:Sheet
531:Field
471:water
467:state
464:solid
989:Pack
984:Cube
974:Core
943:Pick
916:Work
907:Road
902:Rink
892:Pier
717:Snow
692:Rime
677:Névé
662:Hail
622:Firn
526:Dune
521:Cave
462:The
383:2012
867:Bar
627:Fog
561:Sea
556:Jam
516:Cap
469:of
454:Ice
318:or
200:in
159:fog
147:of
82:or
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446:e
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