451:
223:
548:
231:
428:
477:
506:
577:
38:
369:
47:
682:
The second lowest port on the Taw is
Fremington. Between the mid-19th and mid-20th centuries its tidal quay was the busiest port (tonnage) between Bristol and Lands End, mainly as it was a handy landing point for Welsh coal shipped across the Bristol Channel which could be distributed around the
327:, approximately 19 km (12 mi) from the sea. The river drains a variable width basin as one of many rivers in the strongly agricultural county, the river has a rolling valley surrounded by (in order of frequency of occurrence) animal
537:
bequeathed in his will dated 1326 the sum of 60 shillings for its repair. The present structure probably dates from the early 19th century. A ruined pier of an earlier bridge is visible in mid-stream 140 yards downstream. (see below)
611:
and daily changes of water depth of 6 m to 8 m are common near its mouth. This effect can also be seen in changes to the tidal-estuarine basin, which is 18 km long. The tidally-influenced river starts at
691:(closed 1984; demolished 1989), it still is used as a tanker-distribution centre for commercial and domestic petrol and diesel deliveries. The oil storage tanks here are filled from coastal lighters.
361:
The following is a list of bridges over the River Taw listed going upstream from the estuary at
Barnstaple. The left bank of a river is that on the left of a traveller progressing downstream.
323:
to the north-east. By this midway stage the river has increased in size and becomes a season-round recreational trout, sea trout and salmon river before becoming tidal at
616:, 4 km south of Barnstaple, where the river's width is approximately 20 m. The channel's width increases dramatically over the next 8 km, reaching 1 km by
655:. The Long Bridge here, originally medieval, is the second-lowest bridging point of the Taw. Work finished in 2007 on the long-awaited 'downstream bridge', part of the
167:
1784:
1585:
1580:
181:
496:
Rumsam Bridge carries the main A39 road between
Barnstaple and Bideford, crossing the Taw approximately between Barnstaple and Bishops Tawton
1565:
345:
In 1604, the activity of timber merchants and carpenters who floated timber on the river to
Barnstaple angered the landowners, the Earls of
1713:
595:
Devon County
Council. Umberleigh Bridge. Rebuilt 1914-15. ... M. Stead, R.M. Stone, County Surveyors; C. Pollard & Co Ltd, contractors
659:
and now the Taw's lowest crossing point; it was opened in May 2007. Seawards of
Barnstaple, the river's journey is blocked by the large
765:
755:
739:
20:
770:
467:
Barnstaple Long Bridge is of medieval origin, but has been widened on various occasions by adding width to the upstream side.
376:
1600:
350:
346:
1680:
1595:
1706:
1590:
731:
703:
at the southern tip of
Braunton Burrows was the inspiration for Ted Hughes' poem to commemorate the christening of
1312:
949:
683:
south-west peninsula by train (track finally closed 1987). The lowest port (or at least jetty) can be found at
959:
1865:
564:
A ruined pier of the medieval New Bridge, in mid-stream 140 yards downstream of the 19th-century New Bridge
1605:
331:, cultivated fields and woodland until near its end. Its length is approximately 72 km (45 mi).
1699:
450:
222:
760:
1640:
1610:
656:
420:
100:
1870:
1630:
1625:
1620:
771:
Environment Agency: Taw and North Devon
Streams Catchment Abstraction Management Strategy. Map p.6
688:
547:
1575:
299:. Headwaters add to the size from a number of two major upper course tributaries including the
279:, having formed a large estuary of wide meanders which at its western end is the estuary of the
1875:
918:
906:
894:
624:
444:
230:
1670:
1635:
743:
735:
845:
427:
1560:
1339:
476:
8:
942:
530:
505:
300:
699:
The flooding of the Taw in August 1983 and the destruction of the sand dune causeway to
1839:
1834:
1774:
1769:
1529:
1524:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1105:
648:
104:
1794:
1744:
1691:
1660:
1519:
1444:
1359:
1334:
1042:
617:
534:
308:
304:
92:
1655:
1615:
1570:
1424:
1207:
1162:
1140:
1065:
708:
664:
527:
380:
245:
1809:
1764:
1759:
1479:
1389:
1384:
1289:
627:, which is tidal for a short distance inland. Seawards of Fremington, the small
608:
339:
276:
734:
built a series of 4-6-2 steam locomotives named after various places within the
1665:
1509:
1504:
1434:
1429:
1294:
1232:
1222:
1125:
1075:
935:
704:
668:
636:
519:
489:
280:
1859:
1829:
1739:
1675:
1555:
1514:
1449:
1419:
1329:
1264:
1197:
1100:
927:
800:
196:
183:
921:, A New Survey of England: Devon, London, 1959 (first published 1954), p.338
909:, A New Survey of England: Devon, London, 1959 (first published 1954), p.338
897:, A New Survey of England: Devon, London, 1959 (first published 1954), p.338
667:, hence its late diversion south-westward and shared estuary mouth with the
1404:
1369:
1274:
1217:
1212:
1090:
976:
676:
312:
296:
292:
272:
259:) in England rises at Taw Head, a spring on the central northern flanks of
112:
727:
routes follow the river from
Barnstaple through the centre of the county.
1844:
1824:
1799:
1789:
1749:
1539:
1499:
1484:
1439:
1409:
1364:
1349:
1344:
1192:
1167:
1037:
1027:
335:
152:
84:
576:
353:. The timber damaged banks made to protect marshy ground from flooding.
1814:
1804:
1779:
1754:
1534:
1489:
1469:
1394:
1379:
1374:
1354:
1284:
1227:
1182:
1172:
1135:
1120:
1080:
1047:
1032:
1012:
803:
720:
652:
628:
569:
316:
291:
As a stream, the Taw heads north and gives its name to the villages of
268:
108:
96:
37:
1474:
1414:
1399:
1279:
1254:
1187:
1115:
1070:
1022:
775:
724:
88:
635:. This tributary was made navigable on its main lower course as the
1723:
1645:
1269:
1259:
1249:
1243:
1237:
1130:
1110:
1085:
991:
814:
Anciently called
Cheping or Chipping Tawton, implying Market Tawton
632:
514:
260:
141:
80:
46:
1299:
1177:
1157:
1145:
1095:
684:
328:
870:
823:
Sometimes named the "Molland Yeo" to distinguish it from others.
1650:
1304:
1202:
1151:
1017:
996:
761:
Webcam view of River Taw running under Barnstaple's Long Bridge
320:
1727:
965:
264:
251:
70:
883:
HMC Calendar of the Manuscripts of the Marquess of Salisbury
660:
651:
just before passing through the only town on its route,
593:
Stone tablet on left bank downstream parapet inscribed:
1721:
526:
South of Bishops Tawton. A bridge of medieval origin.
19:"Taw valley" redirects here. For the locomotive, see
248:
1857:
746:carrying its post-nationalisation number 34027.
631:joins the river on its north bank, the river of
607:The river shares the large tidal ranges of the
307:. Along the middle course the Taw receives the
957:
1707:
943:
843:
319:and a second Yeo), which all rise on upland
271:, formerly a significant port, empties into
234:A meander on an uppermost reach of River Taw
1714:
1700:
950:
936:
766:Tide times and heights for the Taw's mouth
45:
776:Fishing: River Taw Fisheries Association
742:is preserved in its rebuilt form on the
229:
221:
799:Latter life chosen home village of the
781:
623:At Barnstaple the Taw is joined by the
21:SR West Country class 21C127 Taw Valley
1858:
740:locomotive that honours the Taw Valley
1695:
931:
850:A Topographical Dictionary of England
363:
342:follows much of the river's course.
13:
885:, 16 (London, 1933), pp. 362, 403.
852:. Institute of Historical Research
356:
14:
1887:
756:Current river level at Umberleigh
749:
602:
575:
546:
504:
475:
449:
426:
367:
244:
36:
1681:North Devon's Biosphere Reserve
1313:List of civil parishes in Devon
647:The Taw also gives its name to
642:
912:
900:
888:
875:
864:
837:
817:
808:
793:
175: • coordinates
1:
714:
119:Physical characteristics
1566:Parliamentary constituencies
711:- Rain-Charm for the Duchy.
677:Barnstaple (or Bideford) Bay
568:
542:
500:
471:
443:
418:
7:
694:
639:in the early 19th century.
226:The River Taw at Umberleigh
216:72.4 km (45.0 mi)
163: • location
137: • location
10:
1892:
1601:Grade II* listed buildings
844:Samuel Lewis, ed. (1848).
18:
1735:
1548:
1322:
1056:
1005:
984:
973:
657:Barnstaple Western Bypass
592:
563:
525:
495:
466:
421:Barnstaple Western Bypass
286:
212:
173:
168:Barnstaple / Bideford Bay
161:
151:
147:
135:
127:
123:
118:
76:
66:
58:
53:
44:
35:
30:
1596:Grade I listed buildings
689:coal-fired power station
675:sandbanks and out into
16:River in Devon, England
445:Barnstaple Long Bridge
235:
227:
1671:South West Coast Path
1006:Boroughs or districts
846:"Tatchbury - Taynton"
744:Severn Valley Railway
233:
225:
1866:Estuaries of England
1561:Devon County Council
782:Notes and references
459:Sticklepath/Tawstock
381:adding missing items
1606:Scheduled monuments
1581:Towns by population
1059:(cities in italics)
985:Unitary authorities
543:Medieval New Bridge
531:Walter de Stapledon
511:Early 19th century
436:Tawstock/Fremington
267:and at the town of
193: /
1106:Budleigh Salterton
379:; you can help by
236:
228:
1853:
1852:
1689:
1688:
1661:Tamar Valley AONB
1057:Major settlements
960:Ceremonial county
687:. The site of a
600:
599:
535:Annery, Monkleigh
397:
396:
305:Little Dart River
220:
219:
1883:
1716:
1709:
1702:
1693:
1692:
1656:South Devon AONB
1631:Lord Lieutenants
1208:Moretonhampstead
1163:Great Torrington
968:
962:
952:
945:
938:
929:
928:
922:
916:
910:
904:
898:
892:
886:
881:M. S. Giuseppi,
879:
873:
868:
862:
861:
859:
857:
841:
824:
821:
815:
812:
806:
797:
732:Southern Railway
709:King Charles III
665:Braunton Burrows
625:(Barnstaple) Yeo
579:
550:
528:Bishop of Exeter
508:
479:
453:
430:
399:
398:
392:
389:
371:
370:
364:
263:, crosses North
258:
257:
254:
253:
250:
208:
207:
205:
204:
203:
198:
197:51.083°N 4.217°W
194:
191:
190:
189:
186:
138:
49:
40:
28:
27:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1871:Rivers of Devon
1856:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1731:
1720:
1690:
1685:
1544:
1318:
1307:
1058:
1052:
1001:
980:
969:
964:
958:
956:
926:
925:
917:
913:
905:
901:
893:
889:
880:
876:
869:
865:
855:
853:
842:
838:
828:
827:
822:
818:
813:
809:
798:
794:
784:
752:
717:
697:
649:Bishop's Tawton
645:
609:Bristol Channel
605:
588:Chittlehampton
582:Rebuilt 1914-15
559:Bishops Tawton
533:(1261–1326) of
393:
387:
384:
368:
359:
357:List of bridges
340:Tarka the Otter
289:
277:Bristol Channel
247:
243:
201:
199:
195:
192:
187:
184:
182:
180:
179:
176:
164:
136:
105:Bishop's Tawton
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1889:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1719:
1718:
1711:
1704:
1696:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1666:Jurassic Coast
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1641:Notable people
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1591:Country houses
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1240:
1235:
1233:Ottery St Mary
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1009:
1007:
1003:
1002:
1000:
999:
994:
988:
986:
982:
981:
974:
971:
970:
955:
954:
947:
940:
932:
924:
923:
911:
899:
887:
874:
863:
835:
834:
833:
832:
826:
825:
816:
807:
791:
790:
789:
788:
783:
780:
779:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
751:
750:External links
748:
716:
713:
705:Prince William
696:
693:
669:River Torridge
644:
641:
637:Braunton Canal
604:
601:
598:
597:
590:
589:
586:
583:
580:
573:
566:
565:
561:
560:
557:
554:
551:
544:
540:
539:
523:
522:
520:Bishops Tawton
517:
512:
509:
502:
498:
497:
493:
492:
490:Bishops Tawton
486:
483:
480:
473:
469:
468:
464:
463:
460:
457:
454:
447:
441:
440:
437:
434:
431:
424:
416:
415:
412:
409:
406:
403:
395:
394:
374:
372:
358:
355:
288:
285:
281:River Torridge
218:
217:
214:
210:
209:
202:51.083; -4.217
177:
174:
171:
170:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
149:
148:
145:
144:
139:
133:
132:
129:
125:
124:
121:
120:
116:
115:
93:King's Nympton
78:
77:Towns/Villages
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
51:
50:
42:
41:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1888:
1877:
1876:Taw catchment
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1717:
1712:
1710:
1705:
1703:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1676:Two Moors Way
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1636:High Sheriffs
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1198:Kingsteignton
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1101:Buckfastleigh
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1055:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1004:
998:
995:
993:
990:
989:
987:
983:
979:
978:
972:
967:
961:
953:
948:
946:
941:
939:
934:
933:
930:
920:
919:Hoskins, W.G.
915:
908:
907:Hoskins, W.G.
903:
896:
895:Hoskins, W.G.
891:
884:
878:
872:
871:OpenStreetMap
867:
851:
847:
840:
836:
830:
829:
820:
811:
805:
802:
801:Poet Laureate
796:
792:
786:
785:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
753:
747:
745:
741:
737:
733:
728:
726:
722:
712:
710:
706:
702:
692:
690:
686:
680:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
640:
638:
634:
630:
626:
621:
619:
615:
610:
603:Tidal section
596:
591:
587:
584:
581:
578:
574:
571:
567:
562:
558:
555:
552:
549:
545:
541:
536:
532:
529:
524:
521:
518:
516:
513:
510:
507:
503:
499:
494:
491:
487:
484:
481:
478:
474:
472:Rumsam Bridge
470:
465:
461:
458:
455:
452:
448:
446:
442:
438:
435:
432:
429:
425:
422:
417:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
400:
391:
388:February 2014
382:
378:
375:This list is
373:
366:
365:
362:
354:
352:
348:
343:
341:
337:
332:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
256:
241:
232:
224:
215:
211:
206:
178:
172:
169:
166:
160:
156:
154:
150:
146:
143:
140:
134:
130:
126:
122:
117:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
79:
75:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
52:
48:
43:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
1840:West Webburn
1835:West Okement
1819:
1775:East Webburn
1770:East Okement
1530:West Webburn
1525:East Webburn
1494:
1460:West Okement
1455:East Okement
1311:
1308:
1275:South Molton
1242:
1218:North Tawton
1213:Newton Abbot
1150:
1091:Bovey Tracey
977:Devon Portal
975:
914:
902:
890:
882:
877:
866:
854:. Retrieved
849:
839:
819:
810:
795:
736:West Country
729:
718:
700:
698:
681:
672:
646:
643:River legacy
622:
613:
606:
594:
419:Taw Bridge (
385:
360:
344:
338:named after
333:
324:
313:distributary
297:North Tawton
293:South Tawton
290:
273:Bideford Bay
239:
237:
113:North Tawton
25:
1520:Wallabrooke
1193:Kingsbridge
1168:Hatherleigh
1038:Teignbridge
1028:North Devon
856:25 December
701:Crow Island
663:complex of
585:Atherington
462:Barnstaple
414:Right bank
408:Date Opened
336:Tarka Trail
301:Lapford Yeo
200: /
85:Sticklepath
1860:Categories
1722:Rivers of
1285:Teignmouth
1228:Okehampton
1183:Ilfracombe
1173:Holsworthy
1136:Cullompton
1121:Chulmleigh
1081:Barnstaple
1048:West Devon
1033:South Hams
1013:East Devon
831:References
804:Ted Hughes
715:Rail links
653:Barnstaple
629:River Caen
618:Fremington
570:Umberleigh
501:New Bridge
377:incomplete
317:River Bray
309:River Mole
269:Barnstaple
109:Barnstaple
97:Umberleigh
1810:Swincombe
1765:West Dart
1760:East Dart
1730:, England
1480:Swincombe
1390:West Dart
1385:East Dart
1309:See also:
1280:Tavistock
1255:Plymstock
1188:Ivybridge
1141:Dartmouth
1116:Chudleigh
1071:Axminster
1066:Ashburton
1023:Mid Devon
707:, son of
614:Newbridge
411:Left bank
325:Newbridge
240:River Taw
101:Chapelton
89:Eggesford
1724:Dartmoor
1646:Dartmoor
1510:Torridge
1505:Thrushel
1435:West Lyn
1430:East Lyn
1290:Tiverton
1270:Sidmouth
1260:Salcombe
1250:Plympton
1244:Plymouth
1238:Paignton
1131:Crediton
1111:Chagford
1086:Bideford
1043:Torridge
992:Plymouth
695:Flooding
673:Zulu Bar
633:Braunton
556:Tawstock
553:Medieval
515:Tawstock
485:Tawstock
456:Medieval
433:May 2007
261:Dartmoor
142:Dartmoor
131:Taw Head
81:Belstone
67:Counties
54:Location
1830:Walkham
1740:Ashburn
1626:Museums
1621:Schools
1616:History
1611:Bridges
1571:Economy
1515:Walkham
1450:Okement
1420:Lumburn
1330:Ashburn
1300:Torquay
1295:Topsham
1223:Northam
1178:Honiton
1158:Exmouth
1146:Dawlish
1126:Colyton
1096:Brixham
1076:Bampton
685:Yelland
671:across
488:Rumsam/
439:Pilton
423:Bridge)
347:Bedford
329:pasture
315:of the
275:in the
185:51°05′N
62:England
59:Country
1785:Jordan
1651:Exmoor
1576:Places
1549:Topics
1405:Heddon
1370:Creedy
1323:Rivers
1305:Totnes
1265:Seaton
1203:Lynton
1152:Exeter
1018:Exeter
997:Torbay
738:. The
719:Local
572:Bridge
402:Bridge
321:Exmoor
287:Course
213:Length
188:4°13′W
157:
128:Source
1845:Yealm
1825:Teign
1800:Meavy
1790:Lemon
1750:Bovey
1728:Devon
1586:SSSIs
1540:Yealm
1500:Teign
1485:Tamar
1465:Otter
1440:Meavy
1410:Lemon
1365:Clyst
1350:Bovey
1345:Barle
966:Devon
787:Notes
405:Photo
265:Devon
153:Mouth
71:Devon
1815:Tavy
1805:Plym
1780:Erme
1755:Dart
1745:Avon
1556:Flag
1535:Wolf
1490:Tavy
1470:Plym
1445:Mole
1395:Erme
1380:Dart
1375:Culm
1360:Burn
1355:Bray
1335:Avon
858:2012
730:The
725:road
723:and
721:rail
661:dune
482:1989
351:Bath
349:and
334:The
303:and
295:and
238:The
1820:Taw
1795:Lyd
1495:Taw
1475:Sid
1425:Lyd
1415:Lew
1400:Exe
1340:Axe
963:of
383:.
31:Taw
1862::
1726:,
848:.
679:.
620:.
283:.
252:ɔː
111:,
107:,
103:,
99:,
95:,
91:,
87:,
83:,
1715:e
1708:t
1701:v
951:e
944:t
937:v
860:.
390:)
386:(
311:(
255:/
249:t
246:/
242:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.