42:, Brazil to American parents, and consequently had dual citizenship to both countries. As a child he made only a few trips to the U.S. with his parents, graduating from the American School of Rio de Janeiro high school in 1941 but permanently relocating to the US to attend college in 1945. When World War II began, he served for several years at the Embassy in a disbursing position at the Naval Operating Base for the South Atlantic in Rio.
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interactive key for identifying species that is now curated by D.B. Strongman at Saint Mary's
University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. His research is broadly involved with the evolution, ecology, biogeography, and diversity of trichomycetes. He pioneered studies in the tropics, expanded work on marine taxa, and collaborated internationally with various mycologists.
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species are millipede gut-associated microorganisms that were confirmed as non-fungal protists in 2005, but share morphological traits with the fungal trichomycetes. Collections of millipede hosts used in
Lichtwardt's thesis research were made at the University of Michigan Biological Station, Douglas
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From collections in various geographic locations, Lichtwardt proposed two main hypotheses regarding historical trichomycete distributions: First, that “ancestral trichomycetes began to adapt to arthropod gut habitation shortly after insects began to evolve in aquatic habitats some 250 to 190 million
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At Kansas, he taught botany, mycology, plant pathology, and medical mycology. He mentored 16 Ph.D. students and 12 Master's students. He has published over 150 papers, contributed to several book chapters, and written a monograph of the trichomycetes that was published online in 2001; it includes an
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in 1954. He used the funds to pursue field work in Panama and the Amazon region of Brazil. Up to that point, trichomycete collections had been made almost entirely from Europe and North
America and Lichtwardt was motivated to discover more about the diversity and biogeography of trichomycetes in the
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In addition to taxonomy, he contributed to the methodologies important for the study of trichomycetes. He grew over 150 trichomycete isolates in axenic culture, a critical step for experimental studies on nutritional modes and mating types as well as molecular and ultrastructural analyses.
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where he spent the remainder of his career. He rose quickly to associate professor in 1960 and then professor in 1965. He twice served as chairman of the
Department of Botany: 1971–74 and 1981–84. He officially retired at the end of 1995 and has served as professor emeritus since that time.
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Lichtwardt's (author abbreviation Lichtw.) work led to over 100 taxon descriptions, including validation (along with one of his French collaborators, Manier) of the order
Harpellales that circumscribes nearly all species of trichomycetes. Some examples are:
122:: This protist species was collected from the guts of squat lobsters living around deep sea hydrothermal vents (~2,600 m depth) at the Galapagos Rift and East Pacific Rise. This is one of only two deep water collections of trichomycetes
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and graduated in 1949 with a
Bachelor of Arts degree. After taking a field biology course taught by George T. Jones, Lichtwardt decided to pursue a master's degree in botany, with an emphasis in Mycology, at the
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131:: This fungal genus was originally described from South Island, New Zealand, and all other species have so far been collected only from the Southern Hemisphere.
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While taking an undergraduate course in field biology at
Oberlin, Lichtwardt met his future wife Betty Thomas. They were married in 1951 and have two children
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Lichtwardt, R. W. 1954. Three species of
Eccrinales inhabiting the hindguts of millipedes, with comments on the Eccrinids as a group. Mycologia, 46: 564–585.
143:, Wyoming, the Abiskojåkka river some 125 miles north of the Arctic Circle in Sweden, and a stream draining from the Steingletscher glacier in Switzerland.
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White, M. M., Cafaro, M. J., and
Lichtwardt, R. W. 2000. Arthropod gut fungi from Puerto Rico and summary of tropical Trichomycetes worldwide.
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Lichtwardt, R.W. (2009, October 22). Robert W. Lichtwardt
Curriculum Vitae. Retrieved from www.nhm.ku.edu/~fungi/CV%20Lichtwardt%2010-22-09.doc.
399:
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Lichtwardt, R. W., and Williams, M. C. 1990. Trichomycete gut fungi in Australian aquatic larvae. Canadian Journal of Botany 68: 1057–1074.
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Van Dover, C. L., Lichtwardt, R. W. 1986. A new trichomycete commensal with a galatheid squat lobster from deep-sea hydrothermal vents.
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White, M.M. 2015. Merlin White honors Robert Lichtwardt by establishing a research grant. Inoculum, Supplement to Mycologia, 66: 13.
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Cafaro, M. 2005. Eccrinales (Trichomycetes) are not fungi, but a clade of protists at the early divergence of animals and fungi.
668:
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Lichtwardt. R.W. 2012. Trichomycete gut fungi from tropical regions of the world. Biodiversity and Conservation 21: 2397–2402.
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Pickett, Calder M. 1995. An interview with Robert Lichtwardt. KU Retirees’ Club Oral History Project, University of Kansas,
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59:. He received his M.S. in 1951, and then his Ph.D. in 1954 both in Botany with a Mycology emphasis. His Ph.D. advisor was
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Lichtwardt, R. W. 1972. Undescribed genera and species of Harpellales (Trichomycetes) from the guts of aquatic insects.
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Robert W. Lichtwardt Student Research Award, Mycological Society of America, established by Merlin and Paula White, 2015
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Lichtwardt, R.W. 2002. Trichomycetes: fungi in relationship with insects and other arthropods, pp. 575–588. In:
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that was offered for three years, but after two years he left to accept a position as an assistant professor at the
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Lichtwardt, R. W., and Manier, J.-F. 1978. Validation of the Harpellales and Asellariales. Mycotaxon, 7: 441–442.
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Lake, Michigan, the Highlands Biological Station, Highlands, North Carolina, and from Champaign County, Illinois
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63:, who suggested trichomycetes as a study subject. Specifically, Lichtwardt focused his research on species of
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Lichtwardt, R. W., and Williams, M. C. 1988. Discovery of sexual reproduction in an unusual new species of
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years BP.” Second, that trichomycetes were associated with their arthropod hosts prior to the breakup of
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from the hindgut of certain millipedes and beetles. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Illinois 241 pp.
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National Science Foundation Senior Postdoctoral Fellowship, 1963 1964 (Research in Japan and Hawaii)
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Lichtwardt, R. W., and Williams, M. C. 1990. Trichomycete gut fungi in Australian aquatic larvae.
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Lichtwardt, 1972: This species has been collected from hosts in cold, mountainous streams in the
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William H. Weston Award for Teaching Excellence in Mycology, Mycological Society of America, 1982
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Lichtwardt was among the first to receive the newly offered post-doctoral fellowships from the
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Lichtwardt, R. W. 1954. Morphological, cytological, and taxonomic observations on species of
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Horn, B. W., and Lichtwardt, R. W. 1981. Studies on the nutritional relationship of larval
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V. Robert, G. Stegehuis and J. Stalpers. 2005. The MycoBank engine and related databases.
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http://www.kuonlinedirectory.org/endacott/data/OralHistoryTranscripts/LichtwardtRobert.pdf
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321:. Nadkarni, N.M., and Wheelwright, N.T., eds. Oxford University Press, New York. 573 p.
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Lichtwardt, R.W. 2012. Evolution of Trichomycetes. Chapter 5, p. 107–114. In:
30:). He is known for his online monograph and interactive keys to trichomycete taxa.
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151:, thus accounting for the cosmopolitan distribution of some species and genera.
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314:. D. Howard, and D. Miller, eds. Springer-Verlag, New York. pp. 315–330.
178:(Honorary Life Member) (President of the Society, 1971 72; Editor-in-Chief of
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After moving to Ohio in 1945, Lichtwardt began his undergraduate studies at
328:. J. Seckbach, ed. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
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Honorary Life Membership, Mycological Society of America, beginning 1973
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Lichtwardt, R. W. 2000. Gut fungi of invertebrates, p. 83–85. In:
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Distinguished Mycologist Award for 1991, Mycological Society of America
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specializing in the study of arthropod-associated, gut-dwelling fungi (
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22:(November 27, 1924 – February 9, 2018) was a Brazilian-born American
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Lichtwardt, R. W. 1996. Trichomycetes and the arthropod gut. In:
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Monteverde: ecology and conservation of a tropical cloud forest
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Taxonomy and co-evolution of Trichomycetes (gut-inhabiting
335:. J.K. Misra, J.P. Tewari, S.K. Deshmukh, eds. 412 p.
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Centennial Fellow, British Mycological Society, 1996
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In 1955 he obtained a post-doctoral position at the
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Honorary Member, Mycological Society of Japan, 1995
542:The Trichomycetes: Fungal Associates of Arthropods
295:The Trichomycetes: Fungal Associates of Arthropods
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222:Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science
217:American Association of University Professors
220:Kansas Academy of Science (Managing Editor,
190:(chairman, Microbiological Section, 1975–76)
205:American Institute of Biological Sciences
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679:Brazilian emigrants to the United States
304:(Trichomycetes). Mycologia 80: 400–405.
290:(Trichomycetes). Mycologia 73: 724–740.
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326:Symbiosis: mechanisms and model systems
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402:Lichtwardt's Keys to the Trichomycetes
312:The Mycota, Animal and Human Relations
227:North American Mycological Association
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430:. Lawrence Journal World
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555:http://www.mycobank.org
38:Lichtwardt was born in
664:Oberlin College alumni
159:Professional societies
117:Arundinula abyssicola]
57:University of Illinois
271:Selected publications
644:American mycologists
616:"Culture collection"
97:University of Kansas
20:Robert W. Lichtwardt
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434:13 February
277:Enterobryus
69:Enterobryus
65:Enterobryus
34:Family life
638:Categories
413:2016-09-27
382:2016-09-27
342:References
302:Stachylina
24:mycologist
603:Mycologia
181:MYCOLOGIA
88:tropics.
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108:Research
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