623:). As a production company, it concentrated on low-budget movies, with an emphasis on Westerns, action films, romantic melodramas, and comedy shorts. From its first productions in early 1920 through late 1928, just before it was dissolved in a merger, the company, as either Robertson-Cole Pictures or FBO Pictures, produced more than 400 features. The studio's top-of-the-line movies—"specials", in industry parlance—aimed at major exhibition venues beyond the reach of most FBO films, were sometimes marketed as FBO "Gold Bond" pictures. Between 1924 and 1926, seven of Evelyn Brent's star vehicles as well as two other high-end films were produced under the label of Gothic Pictures or Gothic Productions. With neither the backing of large corporate interests nor the daily money generator of its own theater chain and far from its London owners, the company faced persistent cash-flow difficulties. The significant financial drain of its reliance on short-term, high-interest loans continued.
765:
arrangement with Fox paid $ 17,500. Thomson's were among those few FBO films budgeted at or above $ 75,000, but they could be relied on to gross in the quarter-million-dollar range. And
Kennedy found an angle to make himself even more money. Under the new contract, Kennedy struck a deal in early 1927 with Paramount for the major studio to produce and distribute a series of four Thomson "super westerns". Kennedy participated in the films' financing, recouping his stake plus $ 100,000 in profits each; Paramount covered Thomson's weekly salary; and the actor's production unit stayed on the FBO lot. Given the lag time between production and exhibition, of the four Thomson features that reached theaters in 1927, three were FBO releases. The studio put out fifty-one features in total that year; for the twelve-month period ending November 15, theater owners judged FBO's top three films to all be Gene Stratton-Porter adaptations, with two Thomson oaters following.
460:. At the same time, the business was $ 5 million in debt from the L.A. studio purchase and draining money—banks were reluctant to issue lines of credit to any but the biggest film companies, and R-C was forced to pay interest rates as high as 18 percent to so-called bonus sharks to access working capital. The company's primary investor, the Graham's of London firm, turned to Kennedy to find a buyer, giving him a seat on the R-C board, paying him a monthly adviser's fee, and promising a sizable commission. Though he failed to arrange the sale Graham's was looking for (and his own offer to buy 25 percent of the business was turned down), Kennedy would become deeply involved with the studio in the coming years.
1442:
1018:(1924) were also known to survive. In 1982, film scholar Bruce Firestone wrote that "the disappearance, through loss or destruction, of virtually all of his films turned Thomson into one of the least-known cowboys in the history of American movies." In the most sweeping act of destruction, Kennedy associates scrapped more than one hundred cans of the actor's movies—over a ton's worth of film—during the RKO transition. According to the Library of Congress's American Silent Feature Film Database, to the tiny remaining corpus of Thomson's work for FBO may now be added complete prints of
834:
1330:
975:
290:
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subsidiary. Graham's owned all the capital stock in the companies. H.C.S. Thomson (of Graham's) was chairman of the board of R-C Pictures Corp. and Pat Powers was its managing director. The board of directors of
Robertson-Cole Studios Inc. comprised Rufus Cole, Joseph Kennedy, Erskine Crum (of Graham's), W. W. Lancaster (of Lloyd's of London), and R. J. Tobin. In May, founder Rufus Cole resigned as both director and president of Robertson-Cole Studios, and Powers became its managing director.
918:(RKO), with Sarnoff as chairman. Kennedy, who retained management of Pathé and its former PDC assets, made over $ 4 million in profit from converting and selling off his FBO and KAO stock in the deal (plus a straight $ 150,000 payout for "facilitating" it). Ranking FBO vice-president Joseph I. Schnitzer replaced Kennedy as president, a position he would retain with RKO Productions when it formally replaced FBO after the turn of the year.
529:
438:. In December, after lengthy negotiations, Kennedy set up his own wholly owned company, Robertson-Cole Distributing Corporation of New England, to handle the business's films in an area where he had a controlling interest in a regional theater chain (though it was locked out of Massachusetts by the leading exhibitors). In February 1921, the movie heralded as Robertson-Cole's first "official" production came out:
992:, with no copies known to exist. Much of FBO's cinematic legacy thus endures only in still images, other publicity materials, and written accounts. All told, just 30 percent of American silent feature films have been preserved (25 percent more or less complete, plus another 5 percent in incomplete versions). The overall survival rate of features produced by R-C/FBO is similar: of 449 movies identified by the
1299:(1926). Under Kennedy's control, the studio focused on marketing its roster of films as suitable for the "average American" and the entire family: "We can't make pictures and label them 'For Children,' or 'For Women' or 'For Stout People' or 'For Thin Ones.' We must make pictures that have appeal to all." Though Kennedy ended the scandal-sheet specials, FBO still found occasion for celebrity casting:
732:." Some stars were less than pleased with Kennedy's penny-pinching; Evelyn Brent, in particular, was troubled by what she saw as FBO's declining production standards and was granted her release. Westerns remained the studio's backbone, along with various action pictures and romantic scenarios; as Kennedy put it, "Melodrama is our meat." Gene Stratton-Porter, then, was the gravy: according to the 1926
712:. The new owner hired Edwin King away from Famous Players–Lasky's New York studio to replace him, but took a personal hand in guiding the company creatively as well as financially. His brand, "Joseph P. Kennedy Presents", would proceed to appear on over a hundred films. Kennedy soon brought stability to FBO, making it one of the most reliably profitable outfits in the minor leagues of the Hollywood
1476:, released in May 1929, as "cowboy burlesque". His brief tenure at the studio was marked by salary grievances—he was now making only $ 10,000 a week—and dismay at FBO's inferior production values, from its worndown sets to the cut-rate film stock it used. Subsequently asked about his experience working with Kennedy, Mix described him as a "tight-assed, money-crazy son-of-a-bitch."
1412:: "With Tom Tyler rapidly taking the place recently vacated by Fred Thomson , F.B.O.'s program of western pictures is taking a place second to none in the industry. Tyler has made rapid strides during his two years with F.B.O. and with his horse 'Flash' and dog, 'Beans,' has become one of the leading favorites on the screen." Tyler's appeal was also enhanced by his human costars—
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469:
922:, the last FBO production chief, likewise retained his position after the merger, but the new studio, dedicated to full sound production, cut ties with FBO's roster of silent screen performers. In its final year of operation, of FBO's top five box office films according to theater owners, three were again Gene Stratton-Porter adaptations, including
821:'s outlet and one-time fiefdom, which was now in effect a Pathé subsidiary. In March, nominally acting as an unpaid "special advisor" to Pathé (he would eventually receive 100,000 shares of stock and thousands of dollars in retroactive salary), Kennedy took effective charge of PDC operations, beginning the process of edging DeMille out. Pursuing a
1282:. Here Davenport (again billed as Mrs. Wallace Reid) plays the overindulgent mother of an unruly boy destined, as a reckless teen, to commit a terrible misdeed. According to a trade journal—perhaps echoing publicity copy—the tale was "a reminder that the foundation of all law and order lies in that greatest of American institutions—the home."
1148:(1925). He appeared in eighteen FBO releases, more than half of them produced by his own company. Talmadge's last film for the studio was released in June 1926. By August, Brent was on her way to starring roles at Paramount. In October, Talmadge was judged to have been FBO's biggest non-Western draw of the year; in the first annual
359:. Late in 1919, independent motion picture producer Frank Hall acquired Exhibitors Mutual and integrated it into his new Hallmark Exchanges. In January 1920, Robertson-Cole purchased Hallmark, securing the capacity to directly distribute the films to which it owned rights, including the in-house productions then being planned.
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added in curious out-of-the-way scenes." A trade paper report described the studio's plans to add "synchronized music, sound effects and dialogue" to five other silently shot films. To date, FBO's experiments with sound had all been funded by RCA; on August 22, as
Kennedy was crossing the Atlantic for a European vacation,
1934:(1926). In May 1928, with the Keith-Albee-Orpheum theater chain under his control, Joseph Kennedy announced a forthcoming slate with not only more than the usual number of (relatively) high-budget films but a "Mammoth Program of Short Features". No less than four different series came from independent producer
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six Gene
Stratton-Porter films put out by the studio has been found. Due to its zeal for cost cutting, FBO was reputed to be especially meticulous in the execution of a practice then common among distributors: rounding up its release prints at the end of a picture's run and melting them down to recover the
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Jewell (1982) describes the lot as 13.5 acres (p. 8); Beauchamp (2009) describes it as seventeen acres (pp. 35, 76). Shiel (2012) states that the studio was originally built on thirteen acres (p. 149); elsewhere, he states that, "by the 1920s", Robertson-Cole owned twenty acres in
Hollywood (p. 113).
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in the most cosmopolitan of markets. Along with trusty Silver King, Thomson brought in millions to FBO, and
Kennedy personally made almost half a million dollars from the "super western" loanout to Paramount. But when Kennedy learned early in 1928 that Mix, whose decade-old Fox contract was expiring,
996:
as R-C/FBO productions, 125 are known to survive in some form—28 percent, though with only two (0.4 percent) in a legacy studio archive. The losses, moreover, were not equally distributed, and one of FBO's most successful franchises has disappeared entirely: not even a fragmentary print of any of the
903:
review concluded, "What it is all about can be called only an open question. A guess at the solution, however, would be that FBO had a mystery story, and in an effort to keep up with the times had synchronized it.... The synchronization is faulty in many, many places, and several vocal selections are
2711:
Lasky (1989) p. 13; Jewell (1982), p. 8. In
February 1922, while plans for the reorganization were underway, the business was structured thus: R-C Pictures Corporation as parent company, Robertson-Cole Studios Inc. as production subsidiary, and Robertson-Cole Distributing Corporation as distribution
362:
In March, the inaugural "convention of the branch managers and field supervisors of the
Robertson-Cole Distributing Corporation" was announced. The company currently boasted a slate of twenty-five movies in theaters around the country, with its top films co-branded "Superior Pictures". The first R-C
3851:
Beauchamp (2009), p. 203; Lasky (1989), pp. 29, 33; Crafton (1997), p. 141. Lasky's claim that
Kennedy at that point also tendered RCA an option to acquire control of FBO appears to be erroneous (the claim is echoed by Crafton, citing only Lasky); neither Kennnedy biographers Goodwin, Beauchamp, or
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had poured no less than $ 7 million into the company—but in
February 1926, FBO's owners decided to take the money. From the studio's New York City headquarters, Kennedy swiftly addressed its perennial cash-flow problems, setting up a new business, the Cinema Credits Corporation, to provide FBO with
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As 1928 began, Tyler was the most popular actor actually working at FBO, but Kennedy wanted the big gun. He bided his time as Tom Mix toured the Orpheum vaudeville theaters with a live show—boosting Kennedy's new exhibition interests—and legal machinations ensured Thomson's exile. Finally, Mix was
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announced that he had finally signed a formal licensing agreement to pay for his studio's use of Photophone recording. While Kennedy traveled, RCA launched a bid to acquire control of and combine the Keith-Albee-Orpheum chain with FBO, as talks began between Sarnoff and Walker. After his return in
476:
In 1922, Robertson-Cole underwent a major reorganization as the company's founders departed. The flagship U.S. distribution business changed its name to Film Booking Offices of America, a banner under which R-C had released more than a dozen independent productions. The West Coast studio operation
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studios circling Fred Thomson, Kennedy kept him at FBO for $ 15,000 a week (assigning the contract to a newly created corporation, Fred Thomson Productions, "for tax purposes"). The actor now had the second-highest straight salary in the entire industry, surpassed only by Tom Mix again, whose new
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While still at the Hayden, Stone investment firm, Kennedy had boasted to a colleague, "Look at that bunch of pants pressers in Hollywood making themselves millionaires. I could take the whole business away from them." In 1925, he set out to do so, forming his own group of investors led by wealthy
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Finally, a spread in the August 11 issue blares, "FBO Sound Sensation Scores Solid Broadway Smash", asserts that the film has been "A Hit in Silent Form" in Los Angeles and Detroit, and reassures that "FBO has not forgotten the thousands of showmen who have not yet obtained sound installations".
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The language in the report referring to a Detroit release is ambiguous: "'The Perfect Crime' has already been given a two weeks' test engagement at the United Artists theatre, Detroit." Given the phrasing in the FBO ad in the same issue cited above, this refers either to the silent run that had
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The reference in Beauchamp (1998) to Kennedy's February 1926 takeover of "R-C Pictures Corporation and Film Booking Office of America" (p. 180) suggests that the parent company retained its Robertson-Cole identity at that point. The 1927 logo reproduced at the top of this article, reading "FBO
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explains the connotation: "not Jewish", in contrast to most of the studio heads). Ramsaye went on to celebrate Kennedy's "background of lofty and conservative financial connections, an atmosphere of much home and family life and all those fireside virtues of which the public never hears in the
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motion picture equipment; its initial film distribution focus was on the Northern European, South Asian, and Latin American markets. From its U.S. office, R-C Pictures, as it was often branded, started American motion picture distribution late in 1918, purchasing film rights from independent
304:
The company that would become FBO began as Robertson-Cole, an importer, exporter, and motion picture distributor with headquarters in London and New York, founded in 1918 by Englishman Harry F. Robertson and American Rufus S. Cole. The company handled American-made trucks, cars, automobile
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strategy he had discussed separately with both Sarnoff and Walker, Kennedy and his circle of investors, including Blair & Co., soon acquired working control of KAO and its film production/distribution assets. The establishment of a major studio devoted to all-sound production with the
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Many sources give FBO's full name incorrectly as "Film Booking Office of America"; the proper name is Film Booking Offices of America, as per the company's official logo. For the correct spelling, see Sherwood (1923), pp. 150, 156, 158, 159, etc.; Ellis and Thornborough (1923), p.
697:
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Beauchamp (2009), p. 82. The suggestion by Goodwin (1987) that, during Kennedy's tenure, FBO made "a dozen dog pictures...each year" (p. 348) is exaggerated. Ranger, the studio's only canine headliner of the Kennedy era, starred in sixteen pictures over the course of three
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Nasaw nor preeminent RKO historian Jewell offer any support for it. Lasky and thus Crafton also mistakenly state that Kennedy left on vacation after the August 22 announcement; in fact, his ship sailed on Friday, August 17. Nasaw (2012), p. 126; Beauchamp (2009), pp. 206–7.
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signed to a six-film deal and began shooting in July. He ultimately made five pictures for the studio (two released after it had ceased to exist), and stayed near the top of the exhibitors' poll, his 112 votes good enough for second among the men, if well behind the 171 of
397:, which had a premiere on May 29 and went into general release in July. With its move into production, Robertson-Cole needed its own filmmaking studio: in June, it acquired a lot around fifteen acres (six hectares) in size in Los Angeles's fortuitously named
1266:, released by FBO in June 1923, five months after Reid's death, in which Davenport (billed as Mrs. Wallace Reid) plays the wife of a noble attorney turned dope fiend. A few months later, the studio featured a celebrity of a very different sort: magician
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continued to make films under the Robertson-Cole name for some time, but FBO ultimately became the primary identity of the business for production as well as distribution. Between May 1922 and October 1923, one of the company's new American investors,
563:
to become FBO's top dramatic star. Fred Thomson's fame was surging, and in April 1925, FBO vice-president Joseph I. Schnitzer signed him to a studio contract paying $ 6,000 a week—roughly $ 104,243 in 2023 dollars. Behind only the enormously popular
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system—see Block and Wilson (2010), p. 56; Crafton (1997), pp. 148–49—the film's limited run before its Rivoli debut was in the silent version in which it was shot. In the fifty-two pages of color ads Kennedy bought at the front of the May 19
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the following year, Hays had been seeking "to endow the febrile motion picture industry with an atmosphere of Americanism and substantiality. Kennedy is a valuable personality from this point of view. He is exceedingly American" (historian
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661:
reliable financing at favorable terms. He was elected FBO chairman in March and was soon traveling to Hollywood, where one of his first steps was to cut loose the various independent producers resident at the studio. The president of the
756:, $ 275,000. In a broad economization move, in 1927, FBO ended the long-term contracts with writers that were an industry norm, shifting story assignments to a freelance basis. One major expense Kennedy didn't spare: with the powerful
3052:
Beauchamp (2009), p. 80. Beauchamp directly cites the contract for the details here (note, p. 423), silently correcting her earlier claim (Beauchamp , p. 168) that Thomson's new deal paid him $ 10,000 a week, implausibly exceeding
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Kennedy had no illusions about his studio's place in the realm of cinematic art. A journalist once complimented him on FBO's recent output: "You have had some good pictures this year." Kennedy jocularly inquired, "What the hell
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studio. In November, R-C contracted to serve as the sole provider to Exhibitors Mutual, and its first acquisitions were released the following month. For its top-of-the-line "product", it purchased the movies of star actor
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demonstrated his range by playing a "fast riding motorcycle copper" in a May release, a "battling policeman" in September, and Breckenrdige Gamble, a bored millionaire turned international secret agent, in October.
1727:. Pulling double duty on occasion, Ralph Ince starred in five of the sixteen films he made for the studio between 1925 and 1928. One production in which he served in both capacities was particularly well received:
1578:, as a rare "unforgettable picture of the higher caliber" put out by FBO. Reviews at the time called it "absorbing" and "vastly entertaining". Among the studio's action movies, one standout production was a 1927
948:". Movies that Film Booking Offices had either produced or arranged to distribute were released under the FBO banner through the end of the year. The last official FBO production to reach American theaters was
168:. A business reorganization in 1922 led to its assumption of the FBO name, first for all its distribution operations and ultimately for its own productions as well. Through Kennedy, the studio contracted with
1495:. One of the studio's most reliable Western headliners was a dog: Ranger (all alone at sixty-fifth among male performers). Beans had featured roles in a number of Tom Tyler/Frankie Darro Westerns. The fabled
751:
During this period, the average production cost of FBO features was around $ 50,000, and few were budgeted at anything more than $ 75,000. By comparison, in 1927–28 the average cost at Fox was $ 190,000; at
2559:—the old FBO facility occupies the western quarter of the Paramount Studios area. For images of the studio's administration building during its FBO days, see Crafton (1997), p. 136; Beauchamp (2009), p. 77.
813:(KAO), a vaudeville exhibition chain owning approximately one hundred theaters across the United States and affiliated with many more; KAO and Blair & Co. together controlled yet another small studio,
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Though Talmadge made few actual Westerns, in categorizing male stars as "drama and comedy drama", "Western", or "comedian", the trade journal placed him with the cowboys. Brent's first Paramount feature,
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away from FBO the following season for a Paramount contract, they struck a deal with the studio for another series, one that, like Bowers's shorts, involved both animation and a live performer: the
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Beauchamp (2009), pp. 233–36. Kennedy even profited from Thomson's death, as Fred Thomson Productions had taken out a $ 150,000 life insurance policy on the performer. Beauchamp (2009), pp. 234–35.
555:
H.C.S. Thomson of Graham's, already chairman of the board, became the business's managing director with the departure of Powers. B. P. Fineman was hired as the studio's production chief in 1924;
748:, was the number one picture in the entire country that year. The remainder of FBO's top five comprised, once again, three Fred Thomson pictures, along with another Stratton-Porter adaptation.
1008:
As for FBO's biggest star, among America's biggest at the time, of the twenty films Fred Thomson made for the studio, for years just a single one was known to remain intact in a US archive:
1605:
Two of the studio's most impressive releases were foreign productions. In 1927, FBO picked up for U.S. distribution an acclaimed Austrian biblical spectacular made three years earlier:
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in March 1922. Hayakawa was regarded as one of the finest screen performers of his time, but as anti-Japanese sentiment grew on the West Coast, R-C terminated its relationship with the
656:. In August 1925, Kennedy traveled to England with an offer to buy a controlling stake in Film Booking Offices for $ 1 million. The bid was initially rejected—Graham's and co-financier
1794:
set up her own production company to film screen adaptations of her work, a perhaps unprecedented venture for a writer. FBO handled four releases from Gene Stratton-Porter Productions—
236:, based on a Stratton-Porter novel, as the year's most popular film. In early 1928, Kennedy froze Fred Thomson out of the movie business as FBO signed the premier silent Western star,
3267:
Nasaw (2012), pp. 100–2; Beauchamp (1998), pp. 180, 197. For Hays and Kennedy's earlier association, see Goodwin (1987), p. 341; Nasaw (2012), pp. 75–76; Beauchamp (2009), pp. 48–49.
578:
published its first annual list of the biggest box office films of the year (ending November 15) based on a national survey of theater owners. FBO's top five attractions were led by
1855:, son of a major FBO stockholder, cut his first film for the studio at the age of twenty-one; in the 1930s, he would earn renown as an RKO producer and production chief. Famed RKO
40:
5402:
Beauchamp (2009), pp. 165–67, 208. Nasaw (2012)—incredibly citing Beauchamp—writes, "Kennedy did everything he could to keep Thomson's career alive" (p. 107), a gross falsehood.
632:
2475:
identified it as a "B.B. Picture". Stating that "no other information has been located connecting this to Bessie Barriscale's own company", AFI lists it as an R-C production.
1775:
directed eight R-C/FBO releases, some produced directly for the studio, others independently; in 1924 he made two additional FBO releases for Palmer Photoplay, both featuring
1483:; a top star for Universal in the second half of the 1910s, he was still a bankable name when he made several FBO Westerns in 1922–23. The other cowboy stars of FBO included
4350:
Davies (1971), p. 666. Frederick made seven known films for the company between 1920 and 1922 and one more in 1926. There is a question about the status of a ninth project:
3249:
Nasaw (2012), pp. 94–95; Lasky (1989), pp. 14–15; Goodwin (1987), p. 344; Beauchamp (2009), pp. 73–74. Lasky misspells Kennedy's new firm as the Cinema "Credit" Corporation.
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Another two-page ad, in the July 7 issue, claiming the film has "Amazed...and Astounded the Critics" and is the "First Real Hit of 28-29", again makes no mention of sound.
774:
230:
In 1926, Kennedy led an investment group that acquired the company, and he ran it hands-on—traveling frequently to California—with considerable success. Exhibitors cited
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1128:(1925), she played an ambitious politician's faithless wife and her look-alike, a high-end cat burglar. Talmadge, a stunt designer and double for major stars including
7583:
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572:, beloved by audiences, was covered by a $ 100,000 insurance policy. The deal also gave Thomson his own dedicated production unit at the studio. In December 1925, the
619:
As a distributor, Film Booking Offices focused on marketing its films to small-town exhibitors and independent theater chains (that is, those not owned by one of the
988:
A large majority of FBO/Robertson-Cole pictures, produced during the silent era and the transitional period of the conversion to sound cinema, are considered to be
485:
studio in 1912. During his time in charge at FBO, his brand was added to many of its films: "P. A. Powers Presents". Among its outside suppliers of the period were
413:
and eight stages, each occupying nearly a third of an acre. The first film to shoot at the facility, while it was still being built, was the independent production
273:
2194:
Miyao (2007), p. 169; Codori (2020), pp. 115, 117. In a popular star poll taken at the time that encompassed over a hundred actors, Hayakawa placed forty-fourth.
409:, to be known as the "R-C Ranch". In September, contracts were signed for the construction on the Colegrove property of an administration building with a massive
7563:
17:
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Pictures Corp.", and a brief trade report from June of that year indicate that the corporate name of the parent company was changed after the Kennedy purchase.
1466:(no other FBO regular made it into even double digits). But the spread of the talkies was swiftly making the silent sagebrush superstar less of a sure thing.
497:. While Kennedy left the board in July 1923 (and sold back his New England franchise for a sizable profit), he leveraged his friendship with top screenwriter
7469:
comprehensive listing of silent features produced by FBO/Robertson-Cole and released between 1925 and 1929 (showing how many were considered lost as of 2003)
3295:
Beauchamp (1998), p. 180; Nasaw (2012), p. 103. Beauchamp misleadingly suggests that Ramsaye's words were Hays's (which she does again in Beauchamp , p. 68.)
1122:
were FBO's most prominent non-Western headliners. Brent made a specialty of melodramatic pictures with a crime angle, often billed as "crook melodramas"—in
7578:
7543:
7513:
2997:
How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda
6043:
7528:
6088:
2391:
4354:(supposedly 1922). There is no doubt a screenplay was written and shooting was planned. But the last AFI print catalog states, in its terse entry for
4229:
525:, a measure of film length indicating a running time of fifteen to twenty-five minutes. (Many feature films of the era were no more than five reels.)
7538:
7533:
5934:
4060:
3109:
978:
In an age when popular films might run for years in different locations around the country and many hundreds were released every exhibition season,
7508:
7503:
7475:
lists FBO sound productions released in 1928 (but does not clearly indicate the several holdover FBO sound productions distributed by RKO in 1929)
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is not in the database at all, for reasons unknown. All four of Thomson's Paramount "super westerns" are considered lost. Beaumont (2009), p. 443.
3197:
1995:(1924), according to historian Simon Louvish, contains "one of 's finest gags," involving a level of cinematic technique that bears comparison to
1108:
7558:
7523:
7518:
1641:(1928), the most successful film in the history of Argentine silent cinema, was shot in Hollywood and distributed in the United States by FBO as
1091:, immediately cashed in with a top-tier contract from Robertson-Cole, for whom she starred in more than half a dozen melodramas, beginning with
3179:
2099:
Codori (2020), pp. 113–17; Nasaw (2012), pp. 68–69; Miyao (2007), p. 169. Beauchamp (2009, p. 35), among others, misidentifies Cole as British.
402:
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1537:
911:
late September, Kennedy ultimately agreed to the plan, which would involve his divestiture from both the theater circuit and his own studio.
1252:
In its pre-Kennedy years, the studio did not hesitate to take advantage of scandal sheet–worthy events. After the death of celebrated actor
1528:...runs off with most of the histrionic honors. The dog stages one of the most realistic and blood curdling fights we have seen recently."
1237:
appeared in six FBO pictures between 1925 and 1927; in two of his earliest major roles, he performed opposite Brent in the action-oriented
6536:
George Lucas's Blockbusting: A Decade-by-Decade Survey of Timeless Movies Including Untold Secrets of Their Financial and Cultural Success
5962:
3032:
1836:
in the 1930s, created the stories for seven of the FBO pictures starring her husband, Fred Thomson—for these brawny cowboy tales, such as
1653:, who established his career at Film Booking Offices. With RKO, Musuraca would become one of Hollywood's most respected cinematographers.
4362:, 1923), it can be concluded that this film was also known by another title." The current online AFI catalog has no entry for it at all.
3815:
already happened or a talkie run that was going to happen when the theater was at last set up for sound, as was scheduled for August 15.
3642:
was first released on June 17. At a time when few theaters in the country were wired for sound, many of those with only the incompatible
4644:, had not reached most theaters when the poll was conducted, and she made it only onto the unranked long list of "240 Box Office Names".
1097:
just two months later. She was said to have been paid an extravagant $ 7,000 or $ 7,500 a week under her R-C deal. Early in her career,
481:, was effectively in command. Powers had previously led his own filmmaking company, part of the multiple mergers that created the large
6685:
A Van Beuren Production: A History of the 619 Cartoons, 875 Live Action Shorts, Four Feature Films, and One Serial of Amedee Van Beuren
914:
On October 23, 1928, RCA announced it was merging Film Booking Offices and Keith-Albee-Orpheum to form the new motion picture business
5754:(1926) incorrectly identifies it as a Paramount picture and suggests it was the first film teaming Tyler and Darro (it was the ninth).
1057:, the first star of any magnitude associated with the Robertson-Cole brand, made a total of twenty films released by the studio, from
7573:
2842:
2526:
801:, RCA general manager and driving force, took a seat on the FBO board. At the same time, Kennedy had aligned with investment banker
160:, an Anglo-American import-export company. Robertson-Cole began distributing films in the United States that December and opened a
3017:
How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States
2245:
2012:
FBO also distributed the output of significant creators of purely animated films. Between 1924 and 1926, FBO released the work of
7553:
7548:
7066:, vol. 1, by John T. Soister and Henry Nicolella, with Steve Joyce and Harry H Long. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, pp. 16–21.
3512:
Beauchamp (2009), pp. 89–90; Beauchamp (1998), pp. 210, 211; Jensen (2005), pp. 97, 116–17, 122, 128; Koszarski (1990), p. 116.
2166:
926:, first released in October 1925 and making its fourth appearance in the annual balloting; the others were the Austrian import
6351:
Crafton (1993), pp. 186–87; Langer (1995), pp. 105, 259 n. 40. For posters of two Bray/Lantz cartoons distributed by FBO, see
7446:
7432:
7418:
7404:
7390:
7376:
7362:
7348:
7295:
7253:
7239:
7225:
7155:
7141:
7113:
7071:
7053:
6969:
6955:
6913:
6899:
6885:
6804:
6790:
6776:
6762:
6692:
6599:
6557:
6543:
6529:
6487:
6459:
6445:
6431:
662:
183:
The studio, whose core market was America's small towns, also put out many romantic melodramas, action pictures, and comedic
893:
had been shot silently in anticipation of a silent release. Using RCA Photophone, dialogue and "mystery sound effects" were
3584:
Lasky (1989), pp. 25–26; Jewell (2012), pp. 13–15; Nasaw (2012), pp. 115–17, 119–20; Beauchamp (2009), pp. 141–45, 147–52;
1796:
1402:, who finished twenty-third among men in the 1927 exhibitors' poll. Born Vincent Markowski, he had been a weightlifter and
841:'s self-promotion. This image dominated the opening spread of FBO's massive coming attractions insert in the May 19, 1928,
580:
177:
673:—was delighted by the new face on the scene; in his eyes, Kennedy signified both a desirable image for the film trade and
4640:
1703:
1602:
reviewer wrote that the movie "has a rather new order of thrills and atmosphere that might prove distinctly attractive."
7281:
7267:
7183:
7099:
6941:
6818:
6613:
6515:
5093:
Schaefer (1999), p. 224; Slide (2022), pp. 85–88; Taves (2012), chap. Initial Distribution beyond First National, 1923.
2246:"Short Robertson-Cole Offerings: Supreme Comedies, Martin Johnson's Cannibal Films and Adventure Scenics Offer Variety"
1802:
980:
814:
738:
232:
797:
had purchased a major interest in FBO—the $ 24 price per share was quadruple what it had been just two years earlier.
620:
594:, an issue-driven melodrama detailing the dire consequences of not spanking naughty children, and three Fred Thomson "
331:, National Film Corporation, Winsome Stars. To accompany its features, Robertson-Cole also acquired a wide variety of
7327:
7313:
7211:
7197:
7169:
7127:
7085:
7039:
7025:
7011:
6997:
6983:
6927:
6871:
6858:
6845:
6832:
6748:
6734:
6720:
6706:
6669:
6655:
6641:
6627:
6585:
6571:
6501:
6473:
6424:
Dangerous Curves atop Hollywood Heels: The Lives, Careers, and Misfortunes of 14 Hard-Luck Girls of the Silent Screen
2494:
A detailed survey of her career from the Women Film Pioneers Project lists it under B.B. Features/B. B. Productions.
1588:
1551:
794:
5158:
2693:
Beauchamp (2009), pp. 38–44; Goodwin (1987), pp. 340, 342; Nasaw (2012), pp. 69–70, 73–74; Beauchamp (1998), p. 157.
517:, grew so popular it was often billed above the accompanying feature. O'Hara would become an FBO mainstay, as would
3771:
1912:
1739:
993:
440:
6124:
4086:
1619:) had already won its director, Michael Kertész, a job with Warner Bros. In Hollywood, he would make such hits as
1387:, to freeze Thomson out of motion pictures entirely. That December, Thomson died—the immediate cause of death was
4358:, "Because it is unusual to find no information on an FBO or Pauline Frederick film (all facts here are from the
7466:
1922:
423:. With the West Coast operation up and running, Hayakawa's production company was absorbed into Robertson-Cole.
7472:
4547:
1962:
164:
production facility in 1920. Late that year, R-C entered into a working relationship with East Coast financier
7204:
The American Film Institute Catalog of Motion Pictures Produced in the United States: Feature Films, 1921–1930
1568:
they?" From the pre-Kennedy era, RKO historian Betty Lasky identifies the Dorothy Davenport "problem" picture
7588:
7006:, ed. Gregg Bachman and Thomas J. Slater. Carbondale: Southern Illinois Univ. Press (2002), pp. 94–114.
1891:
1272:
851:
4653:
The AFI Flynn filmography, which is organized by year of release but not month, shows thirteen such films:
3278:
3024:
3004:
2739:
Trade paper reports on production plans in 1925 contain no mention of Robertson-Cole as business or brand.
1940:
1814:
1621:
1416:(tied for fifty-fourth in the poll) as his young sidekick on over two dozen occasions and starlets such as
1167:
984:, according to theater owners, ranked 64th nationally in 1925, 1st in 1926, 34th in 1927, and 71st in 1928.
786:
612:
320:
253:
180:
most popular stars. Thomson was just one of several silent screen cowboys with whom FBO became identified.
6440:, by Richard Armstrong, Tom Charity, Lloyd Hughes, and Jessica Winter. London: Rough Guides, p. 210.
4475:
3586:
5651:
4742:
4724:
4033:
4010:
3972:
In 1924, for example, 586 American features (five reels or longer) were released. Solomon (2011), p. 71.
3912:
3550:
2741:
2459:
2333:
2306:
2280:
1719:(1922)—during its Robertson-Cole days. The best-known director to work regularly under the FBO brand was
1586:
declared, "If you want to see the personification of Tarzan of the Apes as I visualize him, see the film
1555:(1927), which brought the famous character back to the big screen for the first time in over five years.
868:
310:
production companies and selling them on to Exhibitors Mutual Distributing, a corporate successor of the
6280:
6191:
5619:
5592:
5441:
5368:
5104:
4620:
3992:
3797:
3745:
3699:
3660:
3612:
3443:
3368:
5480:
4553:
4456:
4312:
Miyao (2007), pp. 3–5, 225–27, 312; Maurice (2013), chap. Face, Race, and Screen; Gates (2019), p. 28;
3974:
3679:
3487:
3405:
3240:
Goodwin (1987), pp. 342–43; Beauchamp (1998), p. 180; Lasky (1989), p. 13; Beauchamp (2009), pp. 66–68.
3063:
2906:
2815:
2795:
2569:
2429:
1430:
1371:
5520:
5422:
5350:
4760:
3424:
5470:, the first film with Tyler as lead, opened in August 1925, half a year before Kennedy took over FBO.
5466:
Beauchamp (2009), p. 82. Beauchamp misleadingly implies that Kennedy oversaw the transformation, but
4195:
1844:
1820:
1637:
410:
1159:
starred in over a dozen action-filled "comedy dramas" released by FBO, all produced and directed by
876:
269:
7568:
6006:
5988:
5564:
2412:
as "the first picture produced by Robertson-Cole" (Jewell , p. 8, uses almost identical language),
1894:—were hits, so in the second half of 1924 the studio made a bid at teaming them in the twelve-part
1883:
1408:
1336:, the most prolific of FBO's many Western stars, headlined twenty-nine movies for the studio, from
1196:
789:(RCA) on a deal for sound conversion led to the January 1928 announcement that RCA, parent company
514:
478:
453:
6394:
6367:
6032:
Kear (2009), pp. 30, 43, 142–44. For further description of the latter, see Langman (1998), p. 88.
5590:
Jensen (2005), pp. 119; Beauchamp (2009), pp. 165–67. For Mix's vaudeville circuit tour, see also
5546:
4114:
3575:
Jewell (2012), p. 12; Lasky (1989), pp. 24–25; Nasaw (2012), pp. 111–12; Beauchamp (2009), p. 141.
1832:. All six were hits. All are considered lost. In-house, Frances Marion, who would win two writing
1787:
has pointed to Seiter and Johnson as two of the overlooked directorial talents of the silent era.
6327:
6041:
Lupack (2020), pp. 248–50; Taves (2012), chap. Initial Distribution beyond First National, 1923;
5131:
4437:
2959:
2714:
2668:
1472:
1406:
before his transformation into a cowboy headliner. According to a hyperbolic June 1927 report in
1398:
Among Western stars under long-term contract, FBO's next most important—though by a distance—was
1217:
940:
721:
717:
709:
606:
6254:
4698:
4521:
4493:
3152:
3134:
2777:
2759:
4661:
3015:
2995:
2449:
1966:-inspired "Movie Side Show" of "freaks and queer odds and ends from all corners of the world".
1729:
1505:
1338:
1164:
998:
934:
435:
398:
356:
156:, a midsize producer and distributor of mostly low-budget films. The business began in 1918 as
53:
5195:
1848:(1926), she used the pseudonym Frank M. Clifton (the "patronymic" was Thomson's middle name).
1449:
promote the signing of Mix's multipicture contract with FBO. The actor's plans to film in the
1293:, she was swiftly enlisted by the studio to costar with Clive Brook in the sensitively titled
6664:, ed. Edward T. James. Cambridge, MA, and London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
4667:
3897:
Lasky (1989), p. 43. For LeBaron's hiring the previous year, see Beauchamp (2009), pp. 98–99.
2650:
2222:
2027:
1751:
1441:
1212:
1185:
1156:
1002:
445:
385:
6225:
Jackson, Markoe, and Markoe (1998), p. 28; Lasky (1989), pp. 105–18, 133–36, 152–57, 174–75.
5932:
Ince starred in the five movies atop the following list of his directorial efforts for FBO:
3817:
Hubbard, Preston J. (Winter 1985). "Synchronized Sound and Movie-House Musicians, 1926–29".
1607:
1260:, signed on as producer and star of a cinematic examination of the sins of substance abuse:
674:
3718:
1949:
1791:
1583:
1295:
1226:
1087:
1065:
1031:
1020:
894:
822:
785:
would drastically alter the studio's course: Negotiations that began in late 1927 with the
657:
600:
585:
505:, to help arrange a distribution deal between FBO and Thomson for half a dozen independent
224:
6811:
Criminalization/Assimilation: Chinese/Americans and Chinatowns in Classical Hollywood Film
5951:
For the three films starring Evelyn Brent he directed, see Kear (2009), pp. 31–34, 144–46.
5781:
Fenton (2002), pp. 106–7; Armstrong and Armstrong (2001), pp. 196–97; Mayer (2017), p. 37.
4824:
2477:
2137:
2005:
In 1926–27, the company released more than a dozen shorts by innovative comedian/animator
1902:. It was so successful that they were reunited the next year for a similar twelve-parter,
1378:
showcase, it demonstrated that a Western, even one without Mix, could draw audiences to a
708:
Studio chief Fineman departed around the time of Kennedy's purchase to work at the larger
8:
7478:
5913:
5323:
4559:
4287:
3386:
2041:
1761:
1745:
1518:
1480:
1459:
1344:
1172:
1103:
1014:
950:
810:
753:
653:
261:
6934:
Eighty Silent Film Stars: Biographies and Filmographies of the Obscure to the Well Known
4383:
4132:
2119:
7490:
nine-and-a-half minutes' worth of Fred Thomson and Silver King's fifteenth film for FBO
6757:, ed. John C. Tibbetts and James M. Welsh. Lanham, MD: Firestone Press, p. 73–77.
5251:
4896:
4788:
4223:
4207:
4189:
3834:
2552:
2497:
2013:
1838:
1808:
1784:
1488:
1301:
1191:
963:
906:
833:
761:
725:
649:
569:
415:
394:
289:
6243:
Foote (2014), pp. 100–1; Ankerich (2010), chap. Alberta Vaughn; Rainey (1999), p. 177.
5287:
4175:
According to the ASFFD, versions of the following are held outside the United States:
2392:"Carpentier Film Shown; French Champion Appears Under the Auspices of the Legion Here"
1981:(twenty-six per year as of their last contract); twelve of those from 1924–25 starred
1383:
might become available, he used his control of Fred Thomson Productions, the supposed
522:
7442:
7428:
7414:
7400:
7386:
7372:
7358:
7344:
7323:
7309:
7291:
7277:
7263:
7249:
7235:
7221:
7207:
7193:
7179:
7165:
7151:
7137:
7123:
7120:
The Silent Partner: The History of the American Film Manufacturing Company, 1910–1921
7109:
7095:
7081:
7067:
7049:
7035:
7021:
7007:
6993:
6979:
6965:
6951:
6937:
6923:
6909:
6895:
6881:
6867:
6854:
6841:
6828:
6814:
6800:
6786:
6772:
6758:
6744:
6730:
6716:
6702:
6688:
6665:
6651:
6637:
6623:
6609:
6595:
6581:
6567:
6553:
6539:
6525:
6511:
6497:
6483:
6469:
6455:
6441:
6427:
5919:
5305:
4878:
4177:
3947:
3879:
Beauchamp (2009), pp. 218–20, 230–31; Jewell (2012), p. 18; Nasaw (2012), pp. 130–31.
2639:
Beauchamp (2009), pp. 33–37; Goodwin (1987), pp. 340–41; Nasaw (2012), pp. 68–71, 73.
2454:
1767:
1650:
1627:
1575:
1517:
who would become one of the greatest canine stars of all time was singled out by the
1329:
1286:
1257:
1129:
1093:
1078:
574:
482:
449:
427:
376:
324:
294:
276:. FBO's assets were folded into the new company, and it was dissolved in early 1929.
188:
165:
4806:
3629:
For Kennedy's self-promotion while at FBO, see Beauchamp (2009), pp. 158–59, 194–97.
2009:, whose work imaginatively mixed live action and three-dimensional model animation.
974:
806:
5894:
5750:
5439:
He placed thirty-fourth in the previous year's poll, which was not divided by sex.
5269:
4996:
4959:
4914:
4679:
4673:
4585:
4426:
Jewell (1982), p. 8; Kear (2009), pp. 31–38, 142, 144–45, 147; Lasky (1989), p. 16.
4377:
Munden (1997), p. 917. For a helpful Frederick filmography, which does not include
4331:
3826:
3011:
2991:
2555:) was and remains 780 Gower Street. Goodwin (1987), p. 346. For a modern view, see
2420:
as an April release, it was both reviewed and listed as a "current picture" in the
2373:
2355:
2209:
2045:
1856:
1852:
1829:
1715:
1698:
1678:
1665:
1660:
1379:
1321:
were signed for a series of "Racquet Girls" pictures that never made it to screen.
1225:
to a six-picture deal in hopes of filling the void. In FBO's waning months, former
1119:
1082:
1070:
818:
790:
729:
645:
560:
494:
457:
420:
372:
328:
306:
200:
6142:
4860:
4269:
2058:, of which FBO would release over two dozen, were created by two young animators,
4842:
4201:
4183:
2031:
1991:
1859:
1514:
1366:
1314:
1290:
1239:
1208:
1176:
1144:
1138:
1059:
1054:
1026:
919:
885:
742:, for which shooting was completed while the novel was still being serialized in
595:
506:
486:
431:
316:
298:
192:
169:
6391:
Barrier (2008), pp. 51–53; Crafton (1993), p. 285; Langer (1995), p. 259 n. 39;
5014:
1152:
theater owners' poll of top box office names, he placed thirtieth out of sixty.
5876:
4655:
4213:
2054:
2006:
1887:
1772:
1743:, Henry King directed two more R-C films with Pauline Frederick, also in 1921:
1724:
1694:
1670:
1646:
1632:
1392:
1356:. In both 1926 and 1927, he ranked number two among all male performers in the
1262:
1245:
1180:
1124:
928:
899:
838:
827:
757:
689:
540:
518:
498:
490:
390:
241:
216:
211:
headlined five FBO short series. The studio's most prolific directors included
208:
7484:
7308:, ed. Arnie Bernstein. Chicago: Lake Claremont Press (2000), pp. 270–71.
4977:
3658:
has pride of place behind only Kennedy himself. There is no mention of sound.
1870:
1352:
Central to the FBO identity were Westerns and the studio's major cowboy star,
7497:
6160:
3646:
1996:
1953:
1945:
1935:
1833:
1780:
1776:
1674:
1413:
1267:
1234:
1200:
802:
798:
713:
678:
544:
501:
and her husband, accomplished athlete, ordained minister, and neophyte actor
380:
348:
336:
257:
220:
184:
7092:
Silent Serial Sensations: The Wharton Brothers and the Magic of Early Cinema
7064:
American Silent Horror, Science Fiction and Fantasy Feature Films, 1913–1929
6990:
An Evening's Entertainment: The Age of the Silent Feature Picture, 1915–1928
6494:
Without Lying Down: Frances Marion and the Powerful Women of Early Hollywood
5694:
Brichard (1993), pp. 216–18; Jensen (2005), pp. 121–24; Lasky (1989), p. 17.
2605:
7320:"Bold! Daring! Shocking! True!": A History of Exploitation Films, 1919–1959
7218:
The Patriarch: The Remarkable Life and Turbulent Times of Joseph P. Kennedy
6713:
Edgar Rice Burroughs and Tarzan: A Biography of the Author and His Creation
6677:
Motion Pictures in Education: A Practical Handbook for Users of Visual Aids
2023:
2018:
2001:
1986:
1969:
Of particular historical interest are two independently produced series of
1849:
1756:
1737:
as an "unusually well-acted and adroitly directed underworld story". After
1693:; he directed two more of her R-C/Brentwood films, both starring his wife,
1593:
1546:
1375:
1353:
1276:. In November 1924, FBO put out Davenport's next "social problem" picture,
1253:
1230:
1204:
1160:
1133:
1115:
1047:
915:
880:
872:
864:
701:
666:
568:, Thomson was now the second-highest paid of all cowboy actors; his horse,
556:
502:
426:
Rufus Cole also entered into a working relationship with Hallmark investor
406:
364:
245:
196:
173:
123:
113:
1656:
7232:
Boris Karloff: A Critical Account of His Screen, Stage, Radio, Television
6578:
The Origins of the Jump Shot: Eight Men Who Shook the World of Basketball
2063:
2040:
newspaper comic strip, licensed by the wife-husband distribution team of
1982:
1570:
1525:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1435:
1425:
1384:
1318:
1278:
959:
856:
744:
641:
590:
548:
332:
311:
161:
153:
7078:
Stan and Ollie: The Roots of Comedy: The Double Life of Laurel and Hardy
3613:"The Man...the Product and the Master Showmen of the World [ad]"
3838:
3406:"Hollywood: Millions of Dollars Are Going into Pictures for New Season"
2472:
2424:
1978:
1720:
1709:
1686:
1598:
1484:
1463:
1417:
1310:
1222:
1195:, was top billed in at least eight FBO releases between 1922 and 1928.
1098:
955:
860:
782:
344:
249:
212:
4725:"Thomson in New Series; Flynn Signs to Make Eight Pictures for F.B.O."
2742:"Thomson in New Series; Flynn Signs to Make Eight Pictures for F.B.O."
2702:
Goodwin (1987), p. 341; Beauchamp (1998), p. 157; Jewell (1982), p. 8.
7206:. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press.
7190:
King Kong: The History of a Movie Icon from Fay Wray to Peter Jackson
6992:. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press.
6948:
A Biographical Dictionary of Silent Film Western Actors and Actresses
6496:. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press.
5233:
Mayer (2017), p. 280. Cf. Katchmer (2002), p. 380. Katchmer misdates
4336:
4315:
3654:
to promote FBO's upcoming slate of pictures, the two-page spread for
3643:
2214:
2197:
2059:
2036:
1970:
1759:
directed two Gothic Pictures specials in 1924 starring Evelyn Brent:
1491:(tied for sixty-sixth with, among others, Silver King), and teenager
1421:
1399:
1333:
989:
897:
in afterward. Savaging it as a "jabberwocky of inane incidents", the
683:
670:
204:
3830:
2843:"Vintage Railroad Melodramas to Be Accompanied by Live Music Sunday"
2527:"Hooray for...Colegrove? Remembering Hollywood's Forgotten Neighbor"
2117:
Slide (2013), p. 3; Miyao (2007), p. 169; Codori (2020), p. 114–15.
528:
1974:
1542:
1403:
1306:
944:
in March 1929, was packaged to exhibitors with two FBO low-budget "
720:
appeal and minimal costs. "We are trying", he declared, "to be the
7306:
The Movies Are: Carl Sandburg's Film Reviews and Essays, 1920–1928
6797:
Hollywood Stunt Performers, 1910s–1970s: A Biographical Dictionary
6252:
Ankerich (2010), chap. Alberta Vaughn; Rainey (1999), pp. 12, 76;
5748:(2005), p. 35. In the latter, the text accompanying the poster of
4364:
Beeman, Renee (February 18, 1922). "Live News of the West Coast".
3313:
Beauchamp (2009), p. 83; Lasky (1989), p. 15; Jewell (1982), p. 9.
1136:, took the lead in action pictures for FBO—"stunt dramas" such as
323:. Other companies also made films expressly for R-C distribution:
7002:
Langer, Mark (1995). "John Randolph Bray: Animation Pioneer," in
6062:"Search Results: 'William Seiter' [+] 'Palmer Photoplay'"
3258:
Beauchamp (2009), pp. 74–75, 82–83; Goodwin (1987), pp. 345, 346.
2876:
Beauchamp (2009), pp. 50–53, 79–80; Beauchamp (1998), pp. 157–58.
2220:
In May 1916, five after months the release of his breakout film,
2026:. In 1925–26, the studio put out twenty-six cartoons by animator
1446:
1388:
1361:
945:
938:. During the transitional period, the first RKO feature release,
696:
565:
237:
5923:(1920) with his own production companies. Codori (2020), p. 116.
5645:
4027:
3906:
2457:'s own production company had come out as recently as February (
1898:, spoofing popular films and classic stories with chapters such
1689:
insisted on casting then little-known ZaSu Pitts as the lead in
1211:
starred in two of the studio's more notable productions, as did
830:
sound-on-film system was the goal—or, at least, Sarnoff's goal.
244:
technology, FBO became the second Hollywood studio to release a
39:
7106:"Bare Knees" Flapper: The Life and Films of Virginia Lee Corbin
6727:
The Film Industry in Argentina: An Illustrated Cultural History
3030:
2548:
2226:, a similar poll had ranked him number one. Miyao (2007), p. 3.
2081:
Sherwood (1923), p. 150; Ellis and Thornborough (1923), p. 262.
1828:(1928). All six were directed by Stratton-Porter's son-in-law,
1579:
1556:
1450:
1042:
207:
played the lead in twenty-nine cowboy pictures for the studio.
7479:
Joseph P. Kennedy Personal Papers Biographical/Historical Note
7383:
The Fox Film Corporation, 1915–1935: A History and Filmography
7134:
The Cinema and Its Shadow: Race and Technology in Early Cinema
6878:
The Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives, vol. 1: 1981–1985
6306:
Erickson (2020), p. 74; Okuda and Neibaur (2012), pp. 129–65.
3530:
Beauchamp (1998), pp. 211, 217, 227; Beauchamp (2009), p. 164.
773:
631:
468:
6978:, ed. John Wakeman. New York: H. W. Wilson, pp. 172–81.
6648:
The Talkies: American Cinema's Transition to Sound, 1926–1931
6328:"Charley Bowers: The Rediscovery of an American Comic Genius"
3798:"FBO Completes First 'Talkie'; Now Synchronizing Five Others"
3746:"FBO Completes First 'Talkie'; Now Synchronizing Five Others"
6908:. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
6876:
Jackson, Kenneth T., Karen Markoe, and Arnie Markoe (1998).
6662:
Notable American Women, 1607–1950: A Biographical Dictionary
5911:
Gasnier also produced (but did not direct) the R-C releases
5132:"F.B.O. Has Excellent Material Lined Up for Fall and Winter"
2281:"Branch Officials of Robertson-Cole Will Confer in New York"
7355:
The New Historical Dictionary of the American Film Industry
6450:
Armstrong, Richard B., and Mary Williams Armstrong (2001).
4320:: A Historical Analysis of Oshima Nagisa's Unfinished Film"
2202:: A Historical Analysis of Oshima Nagisa's Unfinished Film"
1559:
would remain a Hollywood fixture for the next four decades.
1034:. Seven more Thomson features are held by archives abroad.
805:
and his firm Blair & Co., which had acquired the small
588:, who had died the previous December; this was followed by
6962:
Evelyn Brent: The Life and Films of Hollywood's Lady Crook
6125:"Limberlost Found: Indiana's Literary Legacy in Hollywood"
5963:"The Screen: An Irish Mother. Bootleggers and Night Clubs"
5084:
Nollen (1991), pp. 31–32, 354–58; Kear (2009), pp. 144–46.
4087:"Limberlost Found: Indiana's Literary Legacy in Hollywood"
4061:"The Survival of American Silent Feature Films: 1912–1929"
3725:. New York City Chapter of the American Guild of Organists
3110:"The Survival of American Silent Feature Films: 1912–1929"
405:. For exterior shoots, the company purchased 460 acres in
7246:
Stan Without Ollie: The Stan Laurel Solo Films, 1917–1927
6892:
The Amazing Tom Mix: The Most Famous Cowboy of the Movies
5481:"F.B.O. Has Ambitious Program of 20 Westerns for 1927-28"
4699:"Thomson of F.B.O. Discusses 'Bread and Butter' Pictures"
4522:"Thomson of F.B.O. Discusses 'Bread and Butter' Pictures"
3222:
Lasky (1989), pp. 12–13, 14–15; Beauchamp (1998), p. 180.
3135:"Thomson of F.B.O. Discusses 'Bread and Butter' Pictures"
2760:"Thomson of F.B.O. Discusses 'Bread and Butter' Pictures"
2544:
1215:
Pauline Frederick returned in 1926 for the title role in
265:
7176:
Sessue Hayakawa: Silent Cinema and Transnational Stardom
7160:
McCaffrey, Donald W., and Christopher P. Jacobs (1999).
6466:
Hollywood Cartoons: American Animation in Its Golden Age
3743:
Crafton (1997), pp. 140, 304; Koszarski (1990), p. 169;
1973:
comedies released by the studio: Between 1924 and 1927,
227:
were consistently among its top box office attractions.
2430:"Announcement: Change of Practice of Cover Line Dating"
1081:, celebrated for her performance in the September 1920
6783:
Buster Keaton's Crew: The Team Behind His Silent Films
6660:
Davies, Wallace Evan (1971). "Frederick, Pauline," in
6534:
Block, Alex Ben, and Lucy Autrey Wilson, eds. (2010).
5712:
Mayer (2017), p. 69; Katchmer (1991), pp. 122–24, 133.
5159:"Rambova F.B.O. Picture Titled 'When Love Grows Cold'"
4417:
Stumpf (2010), pp. 13–14, 116–17; Slide (2013), p. 27.
3279:"Intimate Visits to the Homes of Famous Film Magnates"
1107:(1919) gave Pitts her first ever top billing—from the
195:
were the major stars of its R-C period. Subsequently,
7369:
The Silent Feminists: America's First Women Directors
7004:
American Silent Film: Discovering Marginalized Voices
5721:
Lasky (1989), pp. 16–17; Katchmer (2002), pp. 17, 83.
4115:"Silent Movie Cowboy Star Fred Thomson: Cowboy Films"
3349:
Beauchamp (2009), p. 84. See also Kear (2009), p. 38.
2447:
The production history of the March 1920 R-C release
2416:
was clearly released first. Indeed, though AFI lists
1926:). Vaughn had solo top billing in the comedic series
1783:
produced and directed eight films for FBO. Historian
1199:
headlined multiple features as well as short series.
1050:, star of fourteen FBO releases between 1924 and 1926
871:. The first film directed by admired cinematographer
663:
Motion Picture Producers and Distributors Association
6864:
Heritage Vintage Movie Poster Signature Auction #624
6851:
Heritage Vintage Movie Poster Signature Auction #607
6838:
Heritage Vintage Movie Poster Signature Auction #603
6769:
Wallace Reid: The Life and Death of a Hollywood Idol
4371:"New Story by Louis Stevens, to Pauline Frederick".
2307:"Guide to Current Pictures: Robertson-Cole Pictures"
704:, FBO's biggest box-office draw during the mid-1920s
521:, who specialized in shorts: most of her films were
6636:. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.
5808:
Slide (2022), pp. 88–89; Lussier (2018), pp. 95–96.
2889:"Art...and Right Hooks: The Story of George O'Hara"
1270:, directing and starring in his last feature film,
1077:opened, he sued the studio for breach of contract.
1037:
7288:Serials and Series: A World Filmography, 1912–1956
6825:The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys: An American Saga
6674:Ellis, Don Carlos, and Laura Thornborough (1923).
6044:"Search Results: 'William Seiter' [+] FBO"
5740:For examples of how such films were marketed, see
3089:Beauchamp (1998), p. 157; Lasky (1989), pp. 14–15.
2427:March 20—and actually published ten days earlier.
434:and then a broker at the New York banking firm of
7584:Defunct mass media companies of the United States
7322:. Durham, NC, and London: Duke University Press.
7178:. Durham, NC, and London: Duke University Press.
6853:. Dallas: Heritage Vintage Movie Posters, 2004b.
6840:. Dallas: Heritage Vintage Movie Posters, 2004a.
6592:Film History through Trade Journal Art, 1916–1920
6089:"Search Results: 'Emory Johnson' [+] FBO"
5856:Armstrong (2007), p. 235; Sweeney (2007), p. 210.
5617:Jensen (2005), pp. 120; Brichard (1993), p. 216;
4066:. Library of Congress. pp. 1, 41, and passim
3098:Jewell (2012), pp. 9–10; Lasky (1989), pp. 14–17.
1890:'s initial short series for FBO—each directed by
1479:In addition to these major draws, there was also
584:, an adaptation of a novel by bestselling author
223:. From 1925 forward, adaptations of the works of
7495:
6866:. Dallas: Heritage Vintage Movie Posters, 2005.
6753:Firestone, Bruce M. (2010 ). "Fred Thomson," in
6452:Encyclopedia of Film Themes, Settings and Series
6436:Armstrong, Richard (2007). "James W. Horne," in
4230:"Search Results: 'Fred Thomson' [+] FBO"
2313:. March 20, 1920. p. 98; see also pp. 78–79
1977:provided FBO with a substantial annual slate of
551:, each of its "chapters" was a stand-alone tale.
319:, whose films were produced by his own company,
7439:This Was Hollywood: Forgotten Stars and Stories
6918:Jewell, Richard B., with Vernon Harbin (1982).
6813:. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
6508:Joseph P. Kennedy Presents: His Hollywood Years
6255:"F.B.O. Sets Releases on Program for September"
6216:Beauchamp (1998), pp. 168, 181, 211–12, 451–52.
5505:Katchmer (2002), p. 380; Rainey (1987), p. 139.
4494:"F.B.O. Sets Releases on Program for September"
3888:Beauchamp (2009), p. 224; Jewell (2012), p. 18.
3441:
3422:
3331:Goodwin (1987), p. 347–48; Lasky (1989), p. 14.
3153:"F.B.O. Sets Releases on Program for September"
2778:"F.B.O. Sets Releases on Program for September"
1865:
1531:
1256:, brought on by morphine addiction, his widow,
728:of the motion picture industry rather than the
677:faith in its prospects. As renowned journalist
7564:Film production companies of the United States
7244:Okuda, James L., and James L. Neibaur (2012).
7136:. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
5935:"Search Results: 'Ralph Ince' [+] FBO"
5051:"Search Results: 'Viola Dana' [+] FBO"
4408:Liebman (2017), p. 102; Davies (1971), p. 666.
4227:(both 1925) exist somewhere in private hands.
4111:Boggs (2011), p. 44; Katchmer (2002), p. 371;
3638:Crafton (1997), p. 140. According to Crafton,
2108:Codori (2020), p. 113–14; Nasaw (2012), p. 69.
1707:, directed several films for the company—from
1701:, responsible for the blockbuster 1914 serial
509:. An in-house series of boxing-themed shorts,
401:, then adjacent to but soon to be subsumed by
7455:. Hollywood, CA: Blue Book of the Screen Inc.
6622:. Hanover, MA: Christopher Publishing House.
4786:Long (2012), pp. 16–20; Jewell (1982), p. 8.
1818:(1927)—and was itself producer of record for
1538:List of Film Booking Offices of America films
1221:. When Evelyn Brent departed, Kennedy signed
1163:. Signing a new contract in 1925, the former
7481:includes a summary of Kennedy's FBO dealings
7425:Thomas Ince: Hollywood's Independent Pioneer
7413:. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.
7162:Guide to the Silent Years of American Cinema
6482:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
5129:Lussier (2018), p. 95; Slide (2022), p. 88;
5105:"Haldane of the Secret Service [ad]"
4119:Readers of the Purple Sage Western Bookstore
3488:"Staff Writers Are Banned at F.B.O. Studios"
3468:Goodwin (1987), p. 348; Jewell (1982), p. 9.
2983:
2669:"The Mistress of Shenstone [review]"
2344:. March 20, 1920. p. 55; see also p. 98
2235:Codori (2020), p. 114; Slide (2013), p. 175.
1487:(tied for thirty-seventh in the 1927 poll),
1114:In the years after the studio's rebranding,
1012:. About three reels' worth of the five-reel
7579:Defunct companies based in New York (state)
7544:Mass media companies disestablished in 1929
7427:. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
6974:Kemp, Philip (1987). "Curtiz, Michael," in
6634:Before Mickey: The Animated Film, 1898–1928
2885:Foote (2014), p. 100; Wing (1924), p. 193;
2675:. March 5, 1921. p. 45; see also p. 80
2270:Codori (2020), p. 115; Jewell (1982), p. 8.
1324:
768:
644:department store owner Louis Kirstein, and
293:December 1921 Robertson-Cole ad, featuring
133:1922–1925: 723 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY
7514:1929 disestablishments in New York (state)
6606:The Silents: Silent Feature Films, 1910–36
6285:Exhibitors Herald and Moving Picture World
5816:
5814:
5624:Exhibitors Herald and Moving Picture World
5597:Exhibitors Herald and Moving Picture World
5515:
5513:
5511:
3704:Exhibitors Herald and Moving Picture World
3684:Exhibitors Herald and Moving Picture World
3665:Exhibitors Herald and Moving Picture World
3617:Exhibitors Herald and Moving Picture World
2543:The address of the studio (later owned by
2161:
2159:
1938:, including the second twelve chapters of
1723:, younger brother of celebrated filmmaker
1509:(1925). For a small role in the melodrama
1395:, said that he had lost his will to live.
1309:, marked the film debut of football great
1285:When the biggest movie star in the world,
1207:were among the other popular FBO players.
863:, opened on August 4, 1928, at the Rivoli
38:
7529:American companies disestablished in 1929
7341:Hollywood Cinema and the Real Los Angeles
7032:RKO: The Biggest Little Major of Them All
6976:World Film Directors, Volume 1: 1890–1945
6580:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
5652:"Money Making Stars and Pictures of 1928"
4335:
4034:"Money Making Stars and Pictures of 1928"
3913:"Money Making Stars and Pictures of 1928"
3444:"The Keeper of the Bees [part 8]"
3425:"The Keeper of the Bees [part 1]"
2213:
2048:. While the Winkler–Mintz operation took
1930:(1925–26) and the baseball-themed serial
7539:Mass media companies established in 1919
7534:Mass media companies established in 1918
7371:. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
7094:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
6129:Traces of Indiana and Midwestern History
4390:. Stanford University. December 18, 2021
4091:Traces of Indiana and Midwestern History
3442:Stratton-Porter, Gene (September 1925).
3010:
2990:
2960:"Offeman v. Robertson-Cole Studios, Inc"
2715:"Offeman v. Robertson-Cole Studios, Inc"
1869:
1655:
1541:
1440:
1328:
1041:
973:
875:, it was also the first feature-length "
832:
772:
695:
630:
626:
527:
467:
288:
260:arranged the merger between FBO and the
7509:1919 establishments in New York (state)
7504:1918 establishments in New York (state)
7473:The Early Sound Films of Radio Pictures
6480:The Animated Man: A Life of Walt Disney
6189:as "the surprise picture of the year."
6122:
5811:
5508:
5196:"The Screen: 'Red' Grange's First Film"
4084:
3816:
3423:Stratton-Porter, Gene (February 1925).
3285:. pp. 50–51, 122–25 (quote at 125)
3276:
3033:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"
2524:
2156:
883:since the epochal premiere of Warners'
18:Robertson-Cole Distributing Corporation
14:
7559:Film distributors of the United States
7524:American companies established in 1919
7519:American companies established in 1918
7496:
6620:The Hall of Fame of Western Film Stars
6325:
4454:
4363:
4058:
3403:
3198:"Search Results: 'Gothic Productions'"
3107:
2974:
2931:Ankerich (2010), chap. Alberta Vaughn.
2525:Masters, Nathan (September 27, 2013).
203:were FBO's biggest non-Western stars.
135:1926–1929: 1560 Broadway, New York, NY
27:American film studio of the silent era
6880:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
6650:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
6468:. New York: Oxford University Press.
6281:"World's Greatest Rodeo [ad]"
6093:American Silent Feature Film Database
6066:American Silent Feature Film Database
6048:American Silent Feature Film Database
5986:McCaffrey and Jacobs (1999), p. 166;
5939:American Silent Feature Film Database
5055:American Silent Feature Film Database
4696:
4519:
4313:
4234:American Silent Feature Film Database
3202:American Silent Feature Film Database
3184:American Silent Feature Film Database
3177:Kear (2009), pp. 30, 142–44, 146–48.
3031:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
2757:
2195:
1985:, before his famous partnership with
879:" to appear from a studio other than
152:, was an American film studio of the
7357:. Abingdon and New York: Routledge.
7018:American Film Cycles: The Silent Era
6960:Kear, Lynn, with James King (2009).
6799:, 2nd ed. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6392:
6365:
6007:"Sting of the Lash [review]"
5960:
5194:Hall, Mordaunt (September 6, 1926).
5193:
4518:Freese (2014), pp. 3, 93, 171, 278;
4473:
3557:. December 24, 1927. pp. 145–46
3539:McCaffrey and Jacobs (1999), p. 266.
2886:
2495:
2471:as a "'B.B.' feature," and at least
535:(1924) was the tenth installment of
7334:The Best Moving Pictures of 1922–23
7046:Broadway Actors in Films, 1894–2015
6922:. New York: Arlington House/Crown.
6906:RKO Radio Pictures: A Titan Is Born
6522:King Cowboy: Tom Mix and the Movies
5527:. December 31, 1927. pp. 22–23
5429:. December 31, 1927. pp. 22–23
5357:. December 31, 1927. pp. 22–23
5249:(1928) from his Tyler filmography.
4017:. December 24, 1927. pp. 36–37
3999:. December 25, 1926. pp. 38–39
3981:. December 25, 1925. pp. 54–57
3375:. December 25, 1926. pp. 54–57
3180:"Search Results: 'Gothic Pictures'"
3070:. December 25, 1925. pp. 54–57
969:
279:
24:
6827:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
6287:. May 19, 1928. pp. 45, 49–53
6192:"We've Quit Guessing [ad]"
5676:Jensen (2005), pp. 116–18, 120–23.
4627:. October 30, 1926. pp. 54–57
4476:"Smooth as Satin [review]"
4455:Sewell, C. S. (February 7, 1925).
4112:
4011:"The Biggest Money Makers of 1927"
3993:"The Biggest Money Makers of 1926"
3975:"The Biggest Money-Makers of 1925"
3772:"The Screen: That Old Devil Crime"
3551:"The Biggest Money Makers of 1927"
3369:"The Biggest Money Makers of 1926"
3064:"The Biggest Money-Makers of 1925"
2651:"The Mistress of Shenstone (1921)"
1364:. When one of Thomson's "oaters",
815:Producers Distributing Corporation
430:, father of future U.S. president
25:
7600:
7460:
7276:. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press.
7164:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
7020:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
6566:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
6564:Boris Karloff: A Bio-Bibliography
5192:Beauchamp (2009), pp. 80–82, 87;
5183:Quoted in Goodwin (1987), p. 347.
4957:Jewell (1982), pp. 8–9. Nilsson:
4761:"New Pictures: High and Handsome"
4457:"Midnight Molly [review]"
4435:Kear (2009), pp. 31, 35, 144–45;
4121:. Nordell Online Bookstores Group
3706:. August 11, 1928. pp. 26–27
3277:Ramsaye, Terry (September 1927).
3115:. Library of Congress. p. 41
2727:See also Beauchamp (2009), p. 74.
2252:. November 15, 1919. p. 3597
2016:'s cartoon studio, including the
1111:, founded by a group of doctors.
463:
353:On the Borderland of Civilization
252:". Two months later, Kennedy and
7574:Companies based in New York City
7467:The Silent Films of FBO Pictures
7148:Encyclopedia of American Serials
7034:. Santa Monica, CA: Roundtable.
6755:American Classic Screen Profiles
6524:. Burbank, CA: Riverwood Press.
6385:
6358:
6345:
6318:
6309:
6300:
6273:
6246:
6237:
6228:
6219:
6210:
6177:Quoting raves from the New York
6116:
6107:
6080:
6035:
6026:
5980:
5961:Hall, Mordaunt (March 6, 1928).
5954:
5926:
5868:
5859:
5850:
5841:
5832:
5823:
5820:Quoted in Fenton (2002), p. 107.
5802:
5793:
5784:
5775:
5766:
5757:
5734:
5724:
5715:
5706:
5697:
5688:
5679:
5670:
5639:
5620:"Tom Mix and Tony Are FBO Stars"
5611:
5584:
5539:
5499:
5473:
5460:
5414:
5405:
5396:
5387:
5342:
5227:
5218:
5186:
5177:
5150:
5123:
5096:
5087:
5078:
5069:
5042:
5033:
4951:
4942:
4933:
4780:
4767:. September 19, 1925. p. 58
4717:
4697:Smith, Sumner (August 1, 1925).
4647:
4613:
4520:Smith, Sumner (August 1, 1925).
4384:"The Films of Pauline Frederick"
4059:Pierce, David (September 2013).
3700:"The Perfect Crime [ad]"
3680:"The Perfect Crime [ad]"
3661:"The Perfect Crime [ad]"
3108:Pierce, David (September 2013).
2913:. September 29, 1923. p. 75
2840:Lasky (1989), p. 13. See, e.g.,
2758:Smith, Sumner (August 1, 1925).
2408:While the AFI catalog describes
2138:"And a Still Small Voice (1918)"
1233:played the lead in three films.
1038:Headliners and celebrity casting
994:National Film Preservation Board
284:
7409:Sweeney, Kevin W., ed. (2007).
7397:ZaSu Pitts: The Life and Career
7332:Sherwood, Robert Emmet (1923).
6562:Buehrer, Beverley Bare (1993).
6426:. Duncan, OK: BearManor Media.
6198:. October 18, 1924. p. 115
5847:Finler (1988), pp. 173, 184–85.
5593:"Tom & Tony 'Stand 'Em Up'"
5165:. December 25, 1925. p. 40
5075:Vogel (2010), pp. 5, 94, 105–6.
4789:"In the Name of the Law (1922)"
4610:Kear (2009), pp. 38–40, 148–50.
4604:
4578:
4540:
4512:
4474:Reid, Laurence (July 4, 1925).
4444:. January 31, 1925. p. 414
4429:
4420:
4411:
4402:
4344:
4306:
4261:
4252:
4169:
4160:
4151:
4105:
4078:
4052:
3966:
3940:
3931:
3900:
3891:
3882:
3873:
3864:
3855:
3845:
3790:
3764:
3737:
3632:
3605:
3578:
3569:
3542:
3533:
3524:
3515:
3506:
3480:
3471:
3462:
3387:"The Keeper of the Bees (1925)"
3361:
3352:
3343:
3334:
3325:
3316:
3307:
3298:
3270:
3261:
3252:
3243:
3234:
3225:
3216:
3171:
3127:
3101:
3092:
3083:
3056:
3046:
2952:
2943:
2934:
2925:
2879:
2870:
2861:
2834:
2796:"F.B.O. Launches Western Drive"
2733:
2705:
2696:
2687:
2642:
2633:
2624:
2597:
2588:
2562:
2516:
2504:. Columbia University Libraries
2478:"A Woman Who Understood (1920)"
2436:. December 25, 1925. p. 43
2326:
2323:See also Codori (2020), p. 116.
2299:
2273:
2264:
1673:, who would go on to work with
1434:(1926), a twenty-five-year-old
635:FBO distribution logo from 1926
176:, who grew by 1925 into one of
142:Film Booking Offices of America
33:Film Booking Offices of America
7118:Lyons, Timothy James (1974 ).
6823:Goodwin, Doris Kearns (1987).
6680:. New York: Thomas V. Crowell.
6324:Crafton (1993), p. 362 n. 39;
6013:. October 21, 1921. p. 36
5790:Quoted in Lasky (1989), p. 14.
5448:. October 30, 1926. p. 54
5375:. October 30, 1926. p. 54
5111:. October 27, 1923. p. 75
4825:"The Westbound Limited (1923)"
4373:Canadian Moving Picture Digest
3686:. July 7, 1928. pp. 20–21
3231:Quoted in Lasky (1989), p. 12.
2887:Carr, Harry (September 1923).
2802:. November 7, 1925. p. 27
2238:
2229:
2188:
2120:"The Girl of My Dreams (1918)"
2111:
2102:
2093:
2084:
2075:
1370:(1926), made it to New York's
1073:-born actor. Two months after
716:. The focus was on films with
693:current news from Hollywood."
13:
1:
7554:Defunct American film studios
7549:1928 mergers and acquisitions
7290:. Jefferson, NC:: McFarland.
7262:. Dallas: Taylor Publishing.
7150:. Jefferson, NC:: McFarland.
7090:Lupack, Barbara Tepa (2020).
6422:Ankerich, Michael G. (2010).
6261:. August 1, 1925. p. 559
6123:Grayson, Eric (Winter 2007).
5581:Beauchamp (2009), pp. 165–66.
4897:"Bigger than Barnum's (1926)"
4740:Christgau (1999), pp. 55–59.
4500:. August 1, 1925. p. 559
4438:"Midnight Molly [ad]"
4388:The Pauline Frederick Website
4375:. March 18, 1922. p. 17.
4288:"The Vermilion Pencil (1922)"
4166:Beauchamp (2009), pp. 235–36.
4157:Firestone (2010), pp. 73, 77.
4085:Grayson, Eric (Winter 2007).
3804:. August 11, 1928. p. 31
3752:. August 11, 1928. p. 31
3431:. pp. 5–7, 27–28, 47, 49
3404:Murray, Ray (June 27, 1925).
3159:. August 1, 1925. p. 559
3141:. August 1, 1925. p. 506
2962:. Casetext. November 26, 1926
2907:"Fighting Blood [ad]"
2784:. August 1, 1925. p. 559
2717:. Casetext. November 26, 1926
2570:"Robertson-Cole Buys a Ranch"
2453:is unclear. A film from star
1470:derided Mix's last FBO film,
1273:Haldane of the Secret Service
837:FBO promotion often involved
371:that same month, directed by
264:theater circuit that created
7399:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
7385:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
7248:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
7234:. Jefferson, NC: Mcfarland.
7230:Nollen, Scott Allen (1991).
7108:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
7048:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6964:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6950:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6946:Katchmer, George A. (2002).
6936:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6932:Katchmer, George A. (1991).
6785:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6771:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6729:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6715:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6697:Everson, William K. (1998).
6687:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6604:Connelly, Robert B. (1998).
6594:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6552:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6520:Birchard, Robert S. (1993).
6454:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6364:Barrier (2003), pp. 30, 48;
5763:Sandburg (1925), pp. 270–71.
5599:. April 28, 1928. p. 18
5571:. April 11, 1928. p. 45
5487:. June 11, 1927. p. 422
5324:"The Pride of Pawnee (1929)"
5252:"Let's Go, Gallagher (1925)"
5138:. July 12, 1924. p. 123
4133:"Galloping Gallagher (1924)"
3948:"Pals of the Prairie (1929)"
3667:. May 19, 1928. pp. 6–7
3619:. May 19, 1928. pp. 4–5
3494:. June 11, 1927. p. 405
3450:. p. 24, 26, 56, 62, 70
3025:American Antiquarian Society
3005:American Antiquarian Society
2822:. June 11, 1927. p. 403
2496:Lund, Maria Fosheim (2013).
2287:. March 20, 1920. p. 44
1878:distributed by "Greater FBO"
1866:Short subjects and animation
1733:(1928) was described by the
1622:The Adventures of Robin Hood
1532:Notable films and filmmakers
1179:who had appeared in several
869:Manhattan's Theater District
787:Radio Corporation of America
559:, his wife, moved over from
329:Jesse D. Hampton Productions
321:Haworth Pictures Corporation
81:; 102 years ago
7:
7453:The Blue Book of the Screen
7258:Quirk, Lawrence J. (1996).
7220:. New York: Penguin Press.
7202:Munden, Kenneth W. (1971).
6988:Koszarski, Richard (1990).
6904:Jewell, Richard B. (2012).
6890:Jensen, Richard D. (2005).
6795:Freese, Gene Scott (2014).
6618:Corneau, Ernest N. (1969).
6608:. Chicago: December Press.
6538:. New York: HarperCollins.
6395:"That Crazy Cat Bill Nolan"
6393:Coar, Bob (March 7, 2022).
6368:"That Crazy Cat Bill Nolan"
6366:Coar, Bob (March 7, 2022).
6315:Louvish (2001), pp. 171–72.
6297:Erickson (2020), pp. 74–76.
5995:. June 17, 1921. p. 34
5865:Stumpf (2010), pp. 13, 116.
5553:. April 4, 1928. p. 14
5039:Nollen (1991), pp. 34, 356.
4730:. May 23, 1925. p. 104
4217:(1927). Abridged prints of
2747:. May 23, 1925. p. 104
2576:. June 26, 1920. p. 83
2502:Women Film Pioneers Project
2460:The Luck of Geraldine Laird
1685:At the age of twenty-five,
1638:Una Nueva y gloriosa naciĂłn
640:Boston lawyer Guy Currier,
487:Chester Bennett Productions
367:began to appear, including
10:
7605:
7437:Valderrama, Carla (2020).
7343:. London: Reaktion Books.
7080:. New York: St. Martin's.
6894:. Lincoln, NE: iUniverse.
6725:Finkielman, Jorge (2004).
6550:Jesse James and the Movies
6415:
5989:"Salvage [review]"
5874:Koszarski (1990), p. 271.
5626:. May 19, 1928. p. 89
5442:"60 Best Box Office Names"
5369:"60 Best Box Office Names"
5348:Beauchamp (1998), p. 224;
4749:. June 6, 1925. p. 63
4743:"New Pictures: Speed Wild"
4621:"60 Best Box Office Names"
1944:, starring seven-year-old
1862:was also an FBO graduate.
1771:. In 1921 and 1922 alone,
1589:Tarzan and the Golden Lion
1552:Tarzan and the Golden Lion
1535:
1391:; his widow, screenwriter
1109:Brentwood Film Corporation
1101:acted in six R-C releases—
491:Hunt Stromberg Productions
452:, a former headliner with
7488:(1926)—The Surviving Reel
7336:. Boston: Small, Maynard.
7260:The Kennedys in Hollywood
6711:Fenton, James W. (2002).
6548:Boggs, Johnny D. (2011).
6478:Barrier, Michael (2008).
6464:Barrier, Michael (2003).
6167:. American Film Institute
6149:. American Film Institute
5901:. American Film Institute
5895:"The Call of Home (1922)"
5883:. American Film Institute
5838:Finkielman (2004), p. 84.
5772:Valderrama (2020), p. 21.
5420:Beauchamp (2009), p. 82;
5330:. American Film Institute
5312:. American Film Institute
5294:. American Film Institute
5288:"Tom and His Pals (1926)"
5276:. American Film Institute
5258:. American Film Institute
5048:Beauchamp (2009), p. 84;
5021:. American Film Institute
5003:. American Film Institute
4997:"Dead Man's Curve (1928)"
4984:. American Film Institute
4966:. American Film Institute
4921:. American Film Institute
4915:"Crooks Can't Win (1928)"
4903:. American Film Institute
4885:. American Film Institute
4879:"The Last Edition (1925)"
4867:. American Film Institute
4849:. American Film Institute
4831:. American Film Institute
4813:. American Film Institute
4795:. American Film Institute
4686:. American Film Institute
4592:. American Film Institute
4566:. American Film Institute
4294:. American Film Institute
4276:. American Film Institute
4139:. American Film Institute
3954:. American Film Institute
3861:Nasaw (2012), pp. 129–31.
3548:Nasaw (2012), pp. 106–7;
3393:. American Film Institute
3322:Beauchamp (2009), p. xvi.
2657:. American Film Institute
2612:. American Film Institute
2484:. American Film Institute
2380:. American Film Institute
2362:. American Film Institute
2144:. American Film Institute
2126:. American Film Institute
1779:. Between 1922 and 1926,
1740:The Mistress of Shenstone
1643:The Charge of the Gauchos
1513:(1922), a three-year-old
1453:were ultimately scrapped.
966:, released July 7, 1929.
793:, and allied shareholder
441:The Mistress of Shenstone
129:
119:
114:Radio-Keith-Orpheum Corp.
108:
93:
75:
67:
59:
49:
37:
7451:Wing, Ruth, ed. (1924).
7411:Buster Keaton Interviews
7395:Stumpf, Charles (2010).
7381:Solomon, Aubrey (2011).
7367:Slide, Anthony (2022 ).
7353:Slide, Anthony (2013 ).
7300:Sandburg, Carl (1925). "
7122:. New York: Arno Press.
6809:Gates, Philippa (2019).
6739:Finler, Joel W. (1988).
6646:Crafton, Donald (1997).
6632:Crafton, Donald (1993).
6576:Christgau, John (1999).
6506:Beauchamp, Cari (2009).
6492:Beauchamp, Cari (1998).
6187:A Girl of the Limberlost
6086:Fleming (2007), p. 269;
5306:"Terror Mountain (1928)"
5224:Beauchamp (2009), p. 82.
5156:Goodwin (1987), p. 341;
4807:"The Third Alarm (1923)"
4777:Connelly (1998), p. 105.
4270:"A Heart in Pawn (1919)"
4258:Kear (2009), pp. 142–48.
3521:Beauchamp (2009), p. 80.
2356:"The Third Woman (1920)"
2090:Beauchamp (2010), p. 70.
2069:
1906:, with episodes such as
1797:A Girl of the Limberlost
1669:(1924), was directed by
1663:'s fourth film for FBO,
1325:Western and canine stars
1155:Beginning in late 1924,
769:Sound enters the picture
581:A Girl of the Limberlost
513:, starring FBO newcomer
7318:Schaefer, Eric (1999).
7174:Miyao, Daisuke (2007).
7132:Maurice, Alice (2013).
7076:Louvish, Simon (2001).
7058:Long, Harry H (2012). "
7016:Langman, Larry (1998).
6767:Fleming, E. J. (2007).
6438:The Rough Guide to Film
6113:Everson (1998), p. 142.
5648:Exhibitors Herald-World
5565:"Inside Stuff—Pictures"
5521:"The Big Names of 1927"
5423:"The Big Names of 1927"
5351:"The Big Names of 1927"
5270:"The Cowboy Cop (1926)"
4960:"Vanity's Price (1924)"
4948:Jewell (1982), pp. 8–9.
4586:"The Better Man (1926)"
4366:Exhibitors Trade Review
4314:Miyao, Daisuke (2017).
4030:Exhibitors Herald-World
3909:Exhibitors Herald-World
3358:Goodwin (1987), p. 348.
3340:Goodwin (1987), p. 347.
2800:Exhibitors Trade Review
2374:"The Wonder Man (1920)"
2196:Miyao, Daisuke (2017).
1928:The Adventures of Mazie
1473:The Big Diamond Robbery
1374:, the growing studio's
1289:, split from his wife,
1218:Her Honor, the Governor
710:First National Pictures
669:—the industry's future
621:major Hollywood studios
543:'s first FBO series of
355:, filmed by adventurer
7441:. New York: Hachette.
7423:Taves, Brian. (2012).
7192:. New York: Applause.
6683:Erickson, Hal (2020).
6183:Motion Picture Journal
6143:"The Harvester (1927)"
5685:Jensen (2005), p. 123.
5656:Motion Picture Almanac
4939:Rainey (1999), p. 177.
4861:"Untamed Youth (1924)"
4662:The Millionaire Cowboy
4641:Love 'Em and Leave 'Em
4267:Miyao (2007), p. 334;
4038:Motion Picture Almanac
3917:Motion Picture Almanac
3080:Lussier (2018), p. 95.
2949:Rainey (1999), p. 234.
2940:Solomon (2011), p. 71.
2469:A Woman Who Understood
2450:A Woman Who Understood
1879:
1803:The Keeper of the Bees
1790:Author and naturalist
1730:Chicago After Midnight
1682:
1631:(1942) under the name
1560:
1454:
1349:
1051:
985:
981:The Keeper of the Bees
935:The Great Mail Robbery
924:The Keeper of the Bees
846:
817:(PDC), famed director
809:studio and a stake in
778:
739:The Keeper of the Bees
705:
636:
552:
473:
351:to a biweekly series,
301:
233:The Keeper of the Bees
112:Assets transferred to
7286:Rainey, Buck (1999).
7272:Rainey, Buck (1987).
7216:Nasaw, David (2012).
7146:Mayer, Geoff (2017).
7104:Lussier, Tim (2018).
7044:Liebman, Roy (2017).
7030:Lasky, Betty (1989).
6781:Foote, Lisle (2014).
6701:. New York: Da Capo.
6590:Codori, Jeff (2020).
6326:Bourne, Mark (2004).
6234:Morton (2005), p. 43.
6095:. Library of Congress
6068:. Library of Congress
6050:. Library of Congress
5941:. Library of Congress
5703:Quirk (1996), p. 303.
5102:Jewell (2012) p. 10;
5057:. Library of Congress
5015:"The Jazz Age (1929)"
4236:. Library of Congress
3937:Jewell (1988), p. 20.
3870:Jewell (2012), p. 16.
3477:Finler (1988), p. 36.
3204:. Library of Congress
3186:. Library of Congress
2867:Jewell (2012), p. 10.
2648:Jewell (1982), p. 8.
2630:Miyao (2007), p. 169.
2603:Jewell (1982), p. 8.
2594:Shiel (2012), p. 149.
2167:"Robertson-Cole Buys"
1908:Merton of the Goofies
1900:A Kick for Cinderella
1873:
1752:The Sting of the Lash
1704:The Perils of Pauline
1659:
1545:
1536:Further information:
1444:
1332:
1213:Douglas Fairbanks Jr.
1186:The Birth of a Nation
1157:Maurice "Lefty" Flynn
1045:
977:
836:
776:
699:
634:
627:Kennedy takes command
531:
472:FBO logo from 1924–25
471:
292:
240:. That August, using
7589:Gene Stratton-Porter
7339:Shiel, Mark (2012).
7188:Morton, Ray (2005).
6699:American Silent Film
6259:Moving Picture World
5829:Kemp (1987), p. 173.
5799:Lasky (1989), p. 14.
5744:(2004a), p. 79, and
5485:Moving Picture World
5393:Lasky (1989), p. 16.
5136:Moving Picture World
4843:"The Mailman (1923)"
4747:Moving Picture World
4728:Moving Picture World
4703:Moving Picture World
4526:Moving Picture World
4498:Moving Picture World
4480:Moving Picture World
4461:Moving Picture World
4442:Moving Picture World
3716:For the Rivoli, see
3492:Moving Picture World
3157:Moving Picture World
3139:Moving Picture World
2980:Jewell (1982), p. 8.
2895:. pp. 21–22, 88
2820:Moving Picture World
2782:Moving Picture World
2764:Moving Picture World
2745:Moving Picture World
2673:Moving Picture World
1913:Merton of the Movies
1792:Gene Stratton-Porter
1584:Edgar Rice Burroughs
1574:(1924), directed by
1409:Moving Picture World
1305:(1926), directed by
1296:When Love Grows Cold
1075:The Vermilion Pencil
1066:The Vermilion Pencil
1032:George Eastman House
1021:The Dangerous Coward
823:vertical integration
607:The Wild Bull's Lair
586:Gene Stratton-Porter
454:Famous Players–Lasky
419:(1920), directed by
225:Gene Stratton-Porter
71:Robertson-Cole Corp.
7274:Heroes of the Range
7060:Avenging Conscience
6743:. New York: Crown.
6741:The Hollywood Story
6510:. New York: Knopf.
5914:The Beloved Cheater
5877:"Good Women (1921)"
5547:"Preparing for Mix"
5468:Let's Go, Gallagher
5235:Let's Go, Gallagher
4463:. pp. 558, 586
4247:Galloping Gallagher
3304:Kear (2009), p. 38.
2816:"F.B.O. Is Now FBO"
2574:Motion Picture News
2498:"Bessie Barriscale"
2250:Motion Picture News
1762:The Dangerous Flirt
1360:poll, right behind
1345:The Pride of Pawnee
1339:Let's Go, Gallagher
1046:Publicity photo of
1015:Galloping Gallagher
951:Pals of the Prairie
916:Radio-Keith-Orpheum
889:ten months before.
811:Keith-Albee-Orpheum
754:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
700:Publicity photo of
654:Frederick H. Prince
495:Tiffany Productions
411:neoclassical façade
393:and starring boxer
365:feature productions
262:Keith-Albee-Orpheum
34:
5237:as 1924 and omits
4668:Smilin' at Trouble
4665:(both 1924), then
4560:"Richard Talmadge"
4548:Laughing at Danger
4224:That Devil Quemado
4208:Lone Hand Saunders
2849:. October 19, 2021
2022:series created by
2014:John Randolph Bray
1880:
1785:William K. Everson
1683:
1608:Die Sklavenkönigin
1561:
1455:
1350:
1302:One Minute to Play
1052:
986:
847:
779:
777:FBO logo from 1928
706:
650:Armour and Company
637:
553:
537:The Telephone Girl
474:
399:Colegrove district
395:Georges Carpentier
302:
150:FBO Pictures Corp.
32:
7447:978-0-7624-9586-3
7433:978-0-8131-3422-2
7419:978-1-57806-962-0
7405:978-0-7864-4620-9
7391:978-0-7864-6286-5
7377:978-1-5381-6552-2
7363:978-1-579-58056-8
7349:978-1-86189-902-6
7296:978-0-7864-4702-2
7254:978-0-7864-4781-7
7226:978-1-59420-376-3
7156:978-0-7864-7762-3
7142:978-1-4529-3939-1
7114:978-1-4766-7568-8
7072:978-0-7864-3581-4
7054:978-0-7864-7685-5
6970:978-0-7864-4363-5
6956:978-0-7864-4693-3
6914:978-0-520-27178-4
6900:978-0-595-35949-3
6886:978-0-68480-492-7
6805:978-0-7864-7643-5
6791:978-0-7864-9683-9
6777:978-0-7864-7725-8
6763:978-0-8108-7677-4
6693:978-1-4766-8027-9
6600:978-1-4766-7617-3
6558:978-0-7864-4788-6
6544:978-0-06-177889-6
6530:978-1-880756-05-8
6488:978-0-520-25619-4
6460:978-0-7864-4572-1
6446:978-1-84353-408-2
6432:978-1-59393-605-1
6196:Exhibitors Herald
6161:"Freckles (1928)"
5920:The Butterfly Man
5658:. pp. 144–45
5525:Exhibitors Herald
5446:Exhibitors Herald
5427:Exhibitors Herald
5373:Exhibitors Herald
5355:Exhibitors Herald
5163:Exhibitors Herald
5109:Exhibitors Herald
4978:"Blockade (1928)"
4765:Exhibitors Herald
4625:Exhibitors Herald
4219:The Bandit's Baby
4178:The Mask of Lopez
4040:. pp. 145–46
4015:Exhibitors Herald
3997:Exhibitors Herald
3979:Exhibitors Herald
3919:. pp. 145–46
3802:Exhibitors Herald
3750:Exhibitors Herald
3656:The Perfect Crime
3652:Exhibitors Herald
3640:The Perfect Crime
3555:Exhibitors Herald
3410:Exhibitors Herald
3373:Exhibitors Herald
3068:Exhibitors Herald
2911:Exhibitors Herald
2463:); as AFI notes,
2455:Bessie Barriscale
2434:Exhibitors Herald
2422:Exhibitors Herald
2342:Exhibitors Herald
2311:Exhibitors Herald
2285:Exhibitors Herald
1950:Amedee Van Beuren
1892:Malcolm St. Clair
1768:Silk Stocking Sal
1651:Nicholas Musuraca
1645:. One of its two
1576:Roy William Neill
1499:starred in FBO's
1358:Exhibitors Herald
1287:Rudolph Valentino
1258:Dorothy Davenport
1183:films, including
1150:Exhibitors Herald
1130:Douglas Fairbanks
1094:A Slave of Vanity
1079:Pauline Frederick
1063:in March 1919 to
891:The Perfect Crime
852:The Perfect Crime
843:Exhibitors Herald
734:Exhibitors Herald
601:The Bandit's Baby
575:Exhibitors Herald
450:Pauline Frederick
428:Joseph P. Kennedy
377:Carlyle Blackwell
307:Bell & Howell
305:accessories, and
295:Pauline Frederick
189:Pauline Frederick
166:Joseph P. Kennedy
148:), registered as
139:
138:
16:(Redirected from
7596:
6410:
6409:
6407:
6405:
6399:Cartoon Research
6389:
6383:
6382:
6380:
6378:
6372:Cartoon Research
6362:
6356:
6353:Heritage Vintage
6349:
6343:
6342:
6340:
6338:
6322:
6316:
6313:
6307:
6304:
6298:
6296:
6294:
6292:
6277:
6271:
6270:
6268:
6266:
6250:
6244:
6241:
6235:
6232:
6226:
6223:
6217:
6214:
6208:
6207:
6205:
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6176:
6174:
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6084:
6078:
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6075:
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6039:
6033:
6030:
6024:
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6018:
6004:
6002:
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5984:
5978:
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5958:
5952:
5950:
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5946:
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5908:
5906:
5892:
5890:
5888:
5872:
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5854:
5848:
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5839:
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5827:
5821:
5818:
5809:
5806:
5800:
5797:
5791:
5788:
5782:
5779:
5773:
5770:
5764:
5761:
5755:
5751:Tom and His Pals
5746:Heritage Vintage
5742:Heritage Vintage
5738:
5732:
5728:
5722:
5719:
5713:
5710:
5704:
5701:
5695:
5692:
5686:
5683:
5677:
5674:
5668:
5667:
5665:
5663:
5643:
5637:
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5631:
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5364:
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5319:
5317:
5303:
5301:
5299:
5285:
5283:
5281:
5267:
5265:
5263:
5243:Tom and His Pals
5231:
5225:
5222:
5216:
5215:(2004b), p. 121.
5213:Heritage Vintage
5210:
5208:
5206:
5190:
5184:
5181:
5175:
5174:
5172:
5170:
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5148:
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4928:
4926:
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4908:
4894:
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4872:
4858:
4856:
4854:
4840:
4838:
4836:
4822:
4820:
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4802:
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4784:
4778:
4776:
4774:
4772:
4758:
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4754:
4739:
4737:
4735:
4721:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4710:
4695:
4693:
4691:
4674:The College Boob
4651:
4645:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4617:
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4409:
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4400:
4399:
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4369:
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4342:
4341:
4339:
4337:10.4000/map.2385
4310:
4304:
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4301:
4299:
4285:
4283:
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4265:
4259:
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4250:
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4109:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4098:
4093:. pp. 42–47
4082:
4076:
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4073:
4071:
4065:
4056:
4050:
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4047:
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4026:
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3990:
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3853:
3849:
3843:
3842:
3813:
3811:
3809:
3794:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3783:
3778:. August 6, 1928
3768:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3741:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3730:
3719:"Rivoli Theatre"
3715:
3713:
3711:
3695:
3693:
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2227:
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2215:10.4000/map.2385
2192:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2171:
2163:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2115:
2109:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2091:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2042:Margaret Winkler
1923:Madame Sans-GĂŞne
1857:costume designer
1853:Pandro S. Berman
1830:James Leo Meehan
1815:The Magic Garden
1716:The Call of Home
1699:Louis J. Gasnier
1679:Laurel and Hardy
1666:American Manners
1661:Richard Talmadge
1647:cinematographers
1582:picture. Author
1451:Argentine Pampas
1372:Warners' Theatre
1120:Richard Talmadge
1083:Goldwyn Pictures
1010:Thundering Hoofs
970:Cinematic legacy
819:Cecil B. DeMille
791:General Electric
646:Union Stockyards
613:Thundering Hoofs
458:Goldwyn Pictures
421:Louis J. Gasnier
373:Charles Swickard
341:Supreme Comedies
280:Business history
201:Richard Talmadge
104:
102:
89:
87:
82:
42:
35:
31:
21:
7604:
7603:
7599:
7598:
7597:
7595:
7594:
7593:
7569:History of film
7494:
7493:
7486:The Two-Gun Man
7463:
7458:
6418:
6413:
6403:
6401:
6390:
6386:
6376:
6374:
6363:
6359:
6355:(2004b), p. 51.
6350:
6346:
6336:
6334:
6323:
6319:
6314:
6310:
6305:
6301:
6290:
6288:
6279:
6278:
6274:
6264:
6262:
6253:
6251:
6247:
6242:
6238:
6233:
6229:
6224:
6220:
6215:
6211:
6201:
6199:
6190:
6185:, FBO promoted
6170:
6168:
6159:
6152:
6150:
6141:
6134:
6132:
6121:
6117:
6112:
6108:
6098:
6096:
6087:
6085:
6081:
6071:
6069:
6060:
6053:
6051:
6042:
6040:
6036:
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6027:
6016:
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6005:
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5987:
5985:
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5944:
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5875:
5873:
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5864:
5860:
5855:
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5842:
5837:
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5828:
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5819:
5812:
5807:
5803:
5798:
5794:
5789:
5785:
5780:
5776:
5771:
5767:
5762:
5758:
5739:
5735:
5729:
5725:
5720:
5716:
5711:
5707:
5702:
5698:
5693:
5689:
5684:
5680:
5675:
5671:
5661:
5659:
5644:
5640:
5629:
5627:
5618:
5616:
5612:
5602:
5600:
5591:
5589:
5585:
5574:
5572:
5563:
5556:
5554:
5545:
5544:
5540:
5530:
5528:
5519:
5518:
5509:
5504:
5500:
5490:
5488:
5479:
5478:
5474:
5465:
5461:
5451:
5449:
5440:
5432:
5430:
5421:
5419:
5415:
5410:
5406:
5401:
5397:
5392:
5388:
5378:
5376:
5367:
5360:
5358:
5349:
5347:
5343:
5333:
5331:
5322:
5315:
5313:
5304:
5297:
5295:
5286:
5279:
5277:
5268:
5261:
5259:
5250:
5247:Terror Mountain
5232:
5228:
5223:
5219:
5204:
5202:
5191:
5187:
5182:
5178:
5168:
5166:
5157:
5155:
5151:
5141:
5139:
5130:
5128:
5124:
5114:
5112:
5103:
5101:
5097:
5092:
5088:
5083:
5079:
5074:
5070:
5060:
5058:
5049:
5047:
5043:
5038:
5034:
5024:
5022:
5013:
5006:
5004:
4995:
4987:
4985:
4976:
4969:
4967:
4958:
4956:
4952:
4947:
4943:
4938:
4934:
4924:
4922:
4913:
4906:
4904:
4895:
4888:
4886:
4877:
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4868:
4859:
4852:
4850:
4841:
4834:
4832:
4823:
4816:
4814:
4805:
4798:
4796:
4787:
4785:
4781:
4770:
4768:
4759:
4752:
4750:
4741:
4733:
4731:
4723:
4722:
4718:
4708:
4706:
4689:
4687:
4678:
4671:(1925) through
4652:
4648:
4630:
4628:
4619:
4618:
4614:
4609:
4605:
4595:
4593:
4584:
4583:
4579:
4569:
4567:
4558:
4551:(1924) through
4545:
4541:
4531:
4529:
4517:
4513:
4503:
4501:
4492:
4485:
4483:
4466:
4464:
4447:
4445:
4436:
4434:
4430:
4425:
4421:
4416:
4412:
4407:
4403:
4393:
4391:
4382:
4379:The Woman Breed
4370:
4356:The Woman Breed
4352:The Woman Breed
4349:
4345:
4311:
4307:
4297:
4295:
4286:
4279:
4277:
4268:
4266:
4262:
4257:
4253:
4239:
4237:
4228:
4202:The Two-Gun Man
4190:Ridin' the Wind
4184:North of Nevada
4174:
4170:
4165:
4161:
4156:
4152:
4142:
4140:
4131:
4124:
4122:
4113:Pierce, David.
4110:
4106:
4096:
4094:
4083:
4079:
4069:
4067:
4063:
4057:
4053:
4043:
4041:
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4018:
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3991:
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3955:
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3932:
3922:
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3905:
3901:
3896:
3892:
3887:
3883:
3878:
3874:
3869:
3865:
3860:
3856:
3850:
3846:
3831:10.2307/3051829
3807:
3805:
3796:
3795:
3791:
3781:
3779:
3770:
3769:
3765:
3755:
3753:
3744:
3742:
3738:
3728:
3726:
3717:
3709:
3707:
3698:
3689:
3687:
3678:
3670:
3668:
3659:
3637:
3633:
3622:
3620:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3596:
3594:
3585:
3583:
3579:
3574:
3570:
3560:
3558:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3538:
3534:
3529:
3525:
3520:
3516:
3511:
3507:
3497:
3495:
3486:
3485:
3481:
3476:
3472:
3467:
3463:
3453:
3451:
3434:
3432:
3415:
3413:
3396:
3394:
3385:
3378:
3376:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3357:
3353:
3348:
3344:
3339:
3335:
3330:
3326:
3321:
3317:
3312:
3308:
3303:
3299:
3288:
3286:
3275:
3271:
3266:
3262:
3257:
3253:
3248:
3244:
3239:
3235:
3230:
3226:
3221:
3217:
3207:
3205:
3196:
3189:
3187:
3178:
3176:
3172:
3162:
3160:
3151:
3144:
3142:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3106:
3102:
3097:
3093:
3088:
3084:
3073:
3071:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3051:
3047:
3037:
3035:
3020:
3012:McCusker, J. J.
3000:
2992:McCusker, J. J.
2988:
2984:
2979:
2975:
2965:
2963:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2948:
2944:
2939:
2935:
2930:
2926:
2916:
2914:
2905:
2898:
2896:
2884:
2880:
2875:
2871:
2866:
2862:
2852:
2850:
2847:Concord Monitor
2841:
2839:
2835:
2825:
2823:
2814:
2805:
2803:
2794:
2787:
2785:
2776:
2769:
2767:
2750:
2748:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2728:
2720:
2718:
2713:
2710:
2706:
2701:
2697:
2692:
2688:
2678:
2676:
2667:
2660:
2658:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2638:
2634:
2629:
2625:
2615:
2613:
2606:"Kismet (1920)"
2604:
2602:
2598:
2593:
2589:
2579:
2577:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2536:
2534:
2521:
2517:
2507:
2505:
2487:
2485:
2476:
2446:
2439:
2437:
2428:
2418:The Third Woman
2414:The Third Woman
2401:
2399:
2390:
2383:
2381:
2372:
2365:
2363:
2354:
2347:
2345:
2336:The Third Woman
2332:
2331:
2327:
2316:
2314:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2290:
2288:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2265:
2255:
2253:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2234:
2230:
2193:
2189:
2179:
2177:
2169:
2165:
2164:
2157:
2147:
2145:
2136:
2129:
2127:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2085:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2032:George Herriman
1992:West of Hot Dog
1932:Fighting Hearts
1868:
1860:Walter Plunkett
1839:Ridin' the Wind
1613:The Slave Queen
1540:
1534:
1380:first-run house
1367:The Two-Gun Man
1327:
1315:Suzanne Lenglen
1313:. Tennis stars
1291:Natacha Rambova
1240:Forbidden Cargo
1209:Anna Q. Nilsson
1177:character actor
1145:Tearing Through
1139:Stepping Lively
1060:A Heart in Pawn
1055:Sessue Hayakawa
1040:
1027:A Regular Scout
972:
920:William LeBaron
886:The Jazz Singer
771:
671:censor in chief
629:
466:
432:John F. Kennedy
369:The Third Woman
317:Sessue Hayakawa
299:Sessue Hayakawa
287:
282:
272:of Hollywood's
193:Sessue Hayakawa
134:
100:
98:
85:
83:
80:
63:Motion pictures
45:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7602:
7592:
7591:
7586:
7581:
7576:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7541:
7536:
7531:
7526:
7521:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7492:
7491:
7482:
7476:
7470:
7462:
7461:External links
7459:
7457:
7456:
7449:
7435:
7421:
7407:
7393:
7379:
7365:
7351:
7337:
7330:
7316:
7298:
7284:
7282:978-0810818040
7270:
7268:978-0878339341
7256:
7242:
7228:
7214:
7200:
7186:
7184:978-0822339588
7172:
7158:
7144:
7130:
7116:
7102:
7100:978-1501748189
7088:
7074:
7056:
7042:
7028:
7014:
7000:
6986:
6972:
6958:
6944:
6942:978-0899504940
6930:
6916:
6902:
6888:
6874:
6861:
6848:
6835:
6821:
6819:978-0813589428
6807:
6793:
6779:
6765:
6751:
6737:
6723:
6709:
6695:
6681:
6672:
6658:
6644:
6630:
6616:
6614:978-0913204368
6602:
6588:
6574:
6560:
6546:
6532:
6518:
6516:978-1400040001
6504:
6490:
6476:
6462:
6448:
6434:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6411:
6384:
6357:
6344:
6317:
6308:
6299:
6272:
6245:
6236:
6227:
6218:
6209:
6115:
6106:
6079:
6034:
6025:
5979:
5967:New York Times
5953:
5925:
5867:
5858:
5849:
5840:
5831:
5822:
5810:
5801:
5792:
5783:
5774:
5765:
5756:
5733:
5723:
5714:
5705:
5696:
5687:
5678:
5669:
5638:
5610:
5583:
5538:
5507:
5498:
5472:
5459:
5413:
5404:
5395:
5386:
5341:
5239:The Cowboy Cop
5226:
5217:
5200:New York Times
5185:
5176:
5149:
5122:
5095:
5086:
5077:
5068:
5041:
5032:
4950:
4941:
4932:
4779:
4716:
4656:The No-Gun Man
4646:
4612:
4603:
4577:
4554:The Better Man
4539:
4511:
4428:
4419:
4410:
4401:
4368:. p. 823.
4360:Film Year Book
4343:
4305:
4260:
4251:
4214:Arizona Nights
4168:
4159:
4150:
4104:
4077:
4051:
3965:
3939:
3930:
3899:
3890:
3881:
3872:
3863:
3854:
3844:
3819:American Music
3789:
3776:New York Times
3763:
3736:
3631:
3604:
3577:
3568:
3541:
3532:
3523:
3514:
3505:
3479:
3470:
3461:
3360:
3351:
3342:
3333:
3324:
3315:
3306:
3297:
3269:
3260:
3251:
3242:
3233:
3224:
3215:
3170:
3126:
3100:
3091:
3082:
3055:
3045:
3029:1800–present:
2982:
2973:
2951:
2942:
2933:
2924:
2893:Motion Picture
2878:
2869:
2860:
2833:
2732:
2704:
2695:
2686:
2641:
2632:
2623:
2596:
2587:
2561:
2515:
2410:The Wonder Man
2398:. May 30, 1920
2396:New York Times
2325:
2298:
2272:
2263:
2237:
2228:
2187:
2176:. January 1920
2155:
2110:
2101:
2092:
2083:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2055:Alice Comedies
2007:Charles Bowers
1941:Mickey McGuire
1918:Madam Sans Gin
1904:The Pacemakers
1896:The Go-Getters
1888:Alberta Vaughn
1874:Ad for a 1926
1867:
1864:
1773:William Seiter
1735:New York Times
1725:Thomas H. Ince
1695:Florence Vidor
1671:James W. Horne
1633:Michael Curtiz
1617:Moon of Israel
1533:
1530:
1431:Born to Battle
1393:Frances Marion
1326:
1323:
1263:Human Wreckage
1246:Lady Robinhood
1181:D. W. Griffith
1125:Midnight Molly
1039:
1036:
1030:(1926) at the
971:
968:
954:, directed by
929:Moon of Israel
900:New York Times
839:Joseph Kennedy
828:RCA Photophone
807:Pathé Exchange
781:The advent of
770:
767:
758:United Artists
690:Cari Beauchamp
628:
625:
541:Alberta Vaughn
533:Love and Learn
519:Alberta Vaughn
511:Fighting Blood
499:Frances Marion
465:
464:A new identity
462:
444:, directed by
391:John G. Adolfi
389:, directed by
386:The Wonder Man
357:Martin Johnson
286:
283:
281:
278:
242:RCA Photophone
217:William Seiter
209:Alberta Vaughn
158:Robertson-Cole
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
110:
106:
105:
95:
91:
90:
77:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
61:
57:
56:
51:
47:
46:
44:Logo from 1926
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7601:
7590:
7587:
7585:
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7580:
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7483:
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7398:
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7366:
7364:
7360:
7356:
7352:
7350:
7346:
7342:
7338:
7335:
7331:
7329:
7328:0-8223-2374-5
7325:
7321:
7317:
7315:
7314:1-893121-05-4
7311:
7307:
7303:
7299:
7297:
7293:
7289:
7285:
7283:
7279:
7275:
7271:
7269:
7265:
7261:
7257:
7255:
7251:
7247:
7243:
7241:
7240:0-89950–580-5
7237:
7233:
7229:
7227:
7223:
7219:
7215:
7213:
7212:0-520-20969-9
7209:
7205:
7201:
7199:
7198:1-55783-669-8
7195:
7191:
7187:
7185:
7181:
7177:
7173:
7171:
7170:0-313-30345-2
7167:
7163:
7159:
7157:
7153:
7149:
7145:
7143:
7139:
7135:
7131:
7129:
7128:0-405-04872-6
7125:
7121:
7117:
7115:
7111:
7107:
7103:
7101:
7097:
7093:
7089:
7087:
7086:0-312-26651-0
7083:
7079:
7075:
7073:
7069:
7065:
7061:
7057:
7055:
7051:
7047:
7043:
7041:
7040:0-915677-41-5
7037:
7033:
7029:
7027:
7026:0-313-30657-5
7023:
7019:
7015:
7013:
7012:0-8093-2402-4
7009:
7005:
7001:
6999:
6998:0-520-08535-3
6995:
6991:
6987:
6985:
6984:0-8242-0757-2
6981:
6977:
6973:
6971:
6967:
6963:
6959:
6957:
6953:
6949:
6945:
6943:
6939:
6935:
6931:
6929:
6928:0-517-54656-6
6925:
6921:
6920:The RKO Story
6917:
6915:
6911:
6907:
6903:
6901:
6897:
6893:
6889:
6887:
6883:
6879:
6875:
6873:
6872:1-59967-004-6
6869:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6859:1-932899-35-9
6856:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6846:1-932899-15-4
6843:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6833:0-671-23108-1
6830:
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6756:
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6750:
6749:0-517-56576-5
6746:
6742:
6738:
6736:
6735:0-7864-1628-9
6732:
6728:
6724:
6722:
6721:0-7864-1393-X
6718:
6714:
6710:
6708:
6707:0-306-80876-5
6704:
6700:
6696:
6694:
6690:
6686:
6682:
6679:
6678:
6673:
6671:
6670:0-674-62734-2
6667:
6663:
6659:
6657:
6656:0-684-19585-2
6653:
6649:
6645:
6643:
6642:0-226-11667-0
6639:
6635:
6631:
6629:
6628:0-8158-0124-6
6625:
6621:
6617:
6615:
6611:
6607:
6603:
6601:
6597:
6593:
6589:
6587:
6586:0-8032-6394-5
6583:
6579:
6575:
6573:
6572:0-313-27715-X
6569:
6565:
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6555:
6551:
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6541:
6537:
6533:
6531:
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6517:
6513:
6509:
6505:
6503:
6502:0-520-21492-7
6499:
6495:
6491:
6489:
6485:
6481:
6477:
6475:
6474:0-19-516729-5
6471:
6467:
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5164:
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5137:
5133:
5126:
5110:
5106:
5099:
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5081:
5072:
5056:
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5045:
5036:
5020:
5016:
5002:
4998:
4983:
4979:
4965:
4961:
4954:
4945:
4936:
4920:
4916:
4902:
4898:
4884:
4880:
4866:
4862:
4848:
4844:
4830:
4826:
4812:
4808:
4794:
4790:
4783:
4766:
4762:
4748:
4744:
4729:
4726:
4720:
4705:. p. 506
4704:
4700:
4685:
4681:
4680:"Lefty Flynn"
4676:
4675:
4670:
4669:
4664:
4663:
4658:
4657:
4650:
4643:
4642:
4626:
4622:
4616:
4607:
4591:
4587:
4581:
4565:
4561:
4556:
4555:
4550:
4549:
4543:
4528:. p. 506
4527:
4523:
4515:
4499:
4495:
4482:. p. 101
4481:
4477:
4462:
4458:
4443:
4439:
4432:
4423:
4414:
4405:
4389:
4385:
4380:
4374:
4367:
4361:
4357:
4353:
4347:
4338:
4333:
4329:
4325:
4324:Mise Au Point
4321:
4319:
4318:Hollywood Zen
4309:
4293:
4289:
4275:
4271:
4264:
4255:
4248:
4235:
4231:
4226:
4225:
4220:
4216:
4215:
4210:
4209:
4204:
4203:
4198:
4197:
4196:The Tough Guy
4192:
4191:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4179:
4172:
4163:
4154:
4138:
4134:
4120:
4116:
4108:
4092:
4088:
4081:
4062:
4055:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4016:
4012:
3998:
3994:
3980:
3976:
3969:
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3949:
3943:
3934:
3918:
3914:
3910:
3903:
3894:
3885:
3876:
3867:
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3848:
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3836:
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3828:
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3799:
3793:
3777:
3773:
3767:
3751:
3747:
3740:
3724:
3720:
3705:
3701:
3685:
3681:
3666:
3662:
3657:
3653:
3648:
3647:sound-on-disc
3645:
3641:
3635:
3618:
3614:
3608:
3593:. May 2, 1927
3592:
3588:
3581:
3572:
3556:
3552:
3545:
3536:
3527:
3518:
3509:
3493:
3489:
3483:
3474:
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3449:
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3430:
3426:
3411:
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3392:
3388:
3374:
3370:
3364:
3355:
3346:
3337:
3328:
3319:
3310:
3301:
3284:
3280:
3273:
3264:
3255:
3246:
3237:
3228:
3219:
3203:
3199:
3185:
3181:
3174:
3158:
3154:
3140:
3136:
3130:
3111:
3104:
3095:
3086:
3069:
3065:
3059:
3049:
3034:
3026:
3019:
3018:
3013:
3006:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2986:
2977:
2961:
2955:
2946:
2937:
2928:
2912:
2908:
2894:
2890:
2882:
2873:
2864:
2848:
2844:
2837:
2821:
2817:
2801:
2797:
2783:
2779:
2766:. p. 506
2765:
2761:
2746:
2743:
2736:
2716:
2708:
2699:
2690:
2674:
2670:
2656:
2652:
2645:
2636:
2627:
2611:
2607:
2600:
2591:
2575:
2571:
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2393:
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2361:
2357:
2343:
2339:
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2329:
2312:
2308:
2302:
2286:
2282:
2276:
2267:
2251:
2247:
2241:
2232:
2225:
2224:
2216:
2211:
2207:
2206:Mise Au Point
2203:
2201:
2200:Hollywood Zen
2191:
2175:
2168:
2162:
2160:
2143:
2139:
2125:
2121:
2114:
2105:
2096:
2087:
2078:
2074:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2046:Charles Mintz
2043:
2039:
2038:
2034:'s now famed
2033:
2029:
2028:William Nolan
2025:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2008:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1997:Buster Keaton
1994:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1955:
1954:Walter Futter
1951:
1947:
1946:Mickey Rooney
1943:
1942:
1937:
1936:Larry Darmour
1933:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1884:George O'Hara
1877:
1872:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1845:The Tough Guy
1841:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1821:The Harvester
1817:
1816:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1781:Emory Johnson
1778:
1777:Madge Bellamy
1774:
1770:
1769:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1717:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1680:
1676:
1675:Buster Keaton
1672:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1630:
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1609:
1603:
1601:
1600:
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1475:
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1469:
1465:
1461:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1414:Frankie Darro
1411:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1298:
1297:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1268:Harry Houdini
1265:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1249:(both 1925).
1248:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1236:
1235:Boris Karloff
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1201:Warner Baxter
1198:
1197:George O'Hara
1194:
1193:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1175:, a prolific
1174:
1169:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1061:
1056:
1049:
1044:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1004:
1003:film emulsion
1000:
995:
991:
983:
982:
976:
967:
965:
961:
958:and starring
957:
953:
952:
947:
943:
942:
937:
936:
931:
930:
925:
921:
917:
912:
909:
908:
902:
901:
896:
892:
888:
887:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
853:
844:
840:
835:
831:
829:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
803:Elisha Walker
800:
799:David Sarnoff
796:
792:
788:
784:
775:
766:
763:
759:
755:
749:
747:
746:
741:
740:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
714:studio system
711:
703:
698:
694:
691:
686:
685:
680:
679:Terry Ramsaye
676:
675:Wall Street's
672:
668:
664:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
633:
624:
622:
617:
615:
614:
609:
608:
603:
602:
597:
593:
592:
587:
583:
582:
577:
576:
571:
567:
562:
558:
550:
547:. Not a true
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
524:
520:
516:
515:George O'Hara
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
470:
461:
459:
455:
451:
448:and starring
447:
443:
442:
437:
436:Hayden, Stone
433:
429:
424:
422:
418:
417:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
387:
382:
381:Louise Lovely
378:
375:and starring
374:
370:
366:
360:
358:
354:
350:
349:Teddy Sampson
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
325:B.B. Features
322:
318:
313:
308:
300:
296:
291:
285:The R-C years
277:
275:
271:
270:major studios
268:, one of the
267:
263:
259:
258:David Sarnoff
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
234:
228:
226:
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221:Emory Johnson
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6437:
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6402:. Retrieved
6398:
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6131:. p. 44
6128:
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3616:
3607:
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3590:
3587:"Cinemerger"
3580:
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3554:
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3526:
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3508:
3496:. Retrieved
3491:
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3428:
3414:. Retrieved
3412:. p. 58
3409:
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3372:
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3227:
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3094:
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3058:
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3038:February 29,
3036:. Retrieved
3016:
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2654:
2644:
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2609:
2599:
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2578:. Retrieved
2573:
2564:
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2530:
2518:
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2501:
2486:. Retrieved
2481:
2473:one print ad
2468:
2467:referred to
2464:
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2433:
2421:
2417:
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2409:
2400:. Retrieved
2395:
2382:. Retrieved
2377:
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2359:
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2341:
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2328:
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2310:
2301:
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2254:. Retrieved
2249:
2240:
2231:
2221:
2205:
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2190:
2178:. Retrieved
2173:
2146:. Retrieved
2141:
2128:. Retrieved
2123:
2113:
2104:
2095:
2086:
2077:
2053:
2049:
2035:
2024:Walter Lantz
2019:Dinky Doodle
2017:
2011:
2002:Sherlock Jr.
2000:
1990:
1987:Oliver Hardy
1968:
1961:
1957:
1939:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1917:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1881:
1876:Alice Comedy
1875:
1843:
1837:
1825:
1819:
1813:
1812:(1926), and
1807:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1766:
1760:
1757:Tod Browning
1750:
1744:
1738:
1734:
1728:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1691:Better Times
1690:
1684:
1664:
1642:
1636:
1626:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1604:
1597:
1594:James Pierce
1587:
1569:
1565:
1562:
1550:
1547:James Pierce
1520:
1510:
1504:
1478:
1471:
1467:
1456:
1445:Kennedy and
1429:
1407:
1397:
1376:Times Square
1365:
1357:
1354:Fred Thomson
1351:
1343:
1337:
1311:"Red" Grange
1300:
1294:
1284:
1277:
1271:
1261:
1254:Wallace Reid
1251:
1244:
1238:
1231:Olive Borden
1216:
1205:Joe E. Brown
1190:
1184:
1161:Harry Garson
1154:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1134:Harold Lloyd
1123:
1116:Evelyn Brent
1113:
1104:Better Times
1102:
1092:
1086:
1085:tear-jerker
1074:
1064:
1058:
1053:
1048:Evelyn Brent
1025:
1019:
1013:
1009:
1007:
987:
979:
949:
939:
933:
927:
923:
913:
905:
898:
890:
884:
881:Warner Bros.
873:Bert Glennon
865:movie palace
850:
848:
842:
795:Westinghouse
780:
750:
743:
737:
733:
707:
702:Fred Thomson
682:
638:
618:
611:
605:
599:
589:
579:
573:
557:Evelyn Brent
554:
536:
532:
510:
503:Fred Thomson
475:
439:
425:
414:
407:Santa Monica
384:
368:
361:
352:
340:
303:
231:
229:
197:Evelyn Brent
182:
174:Fred Thomson
172:leading man
157:
149:
145:
141:
140:
130:Headquarters
124:RKO Pictures
50:Company type
29:
6404:November 5,
6377:November 5,
6337:October 24,
6332:DVD Journal
6291:October 30,
6265:October 29,
6202:October 26,
6171:October 26,
6165:AFI Catalog
6153:October 26,
6147:AFI Catalog
6135:October 26,
6099:November 5,
6072:November 5,
6054:November 5,
6017:November 5,
5999:November 5,
5972:October 29,
5945:November 5,
5917:(1919) and
5905:October 26,
5899:AFI Catalog
5887:October 26,
5881:AFI Catalog
5662:October 29,
5531:October 27,
5491:November 5,
5452:October 28,
5433:October 27,
5379:October 28,
5361:October 27,
5334:October 28,
5328:AFI Catalog
5316:October 28,
5310:AFI Catalog
5298:October 28,
5292:AFI Catalog
5280:October 28,
5274:AFI Catalog
5262:October 28,
5256:AFI Catalog
5205:October 29,
5169:October 31,
5142:October 29,
5115:November 4,
5025:November 4,
5019:AFI Catalog
5007:November 4,
5001:AFI Catalog
4994:Fairbanks:
4988:November 4,
4982:AFI Catalog
4970:November 4,
4964:AFI Catalog
4925:November 4,
4919:AFI Catalog
4907:November 4,
4901:AFI Catalog
4889:November 4,
4883:AFI Catalog
4871:November 4,
4865:AFI Catalog
4853:November 4,
4847:AFI Catalog
4835:November 4,
4829:AFI Catalog
4817:November 4,
4811:AFI Catalog
4799:November 4,
4793:AFI Catalog
4771:November 1,
4753:November 1,
4734:November 1,
4709:October 29,
4690:November 1,
4684:AFI Catalog
4631:October 28,
4596:November 1,
4590:AFI Catalog
4570:November 1,
4564:AFI Catalog
4532:November 1,
4504:October 29,
4486:November 1,
4467:November 2,
4448:November 1,
4394:November 3,
4298:October 28,
4292:AFI Catalog
4280:October 28,
4274:AFI Catalog
4240:November 2,
4143:November 2,
4137:AFI Catalog
4125:November 2,
4097:October 26,
4070:November 2,
4044:October 29,
4021:October 29,
4003:November 1,
3985:November 1,
3958:October 26,
3952:AFI Catalog
3923:October 29,
3808:October 28,
3782:October 26,
3756:October 28,
3729:October 26,
3710:October 28,
3690:October 28,
3671:October 28,
3597:October 29,
3561:October 29,
3498:November 5,
3454:November 1,
3435:November 1,
3416:November 1,
3397:October 29,
3391:AFI Catalog
3379:November 1,
3208:November 4,
3190:November 4,
3163:October 29,
3145:October 29,
3119:November 2,
3074:November 1,
3009:1700–1799:
2989:1634–1699:
2966:October 29,
2917:November 4,
2899:November 3,
2853:November 4,
2826:November 5,
2806:October 29,
2788:October 29,
2770:October 29,
2751:November 1,
2721:October 29,
2679:November 5,
2661:October 27,
2655:AFI Catalog
2616:October 27,
2610:AFI Catalog
2580:November 3,
2537:October 26,
2508:October 28,
2488:October 27,
2482:AFI Catalog
2440:October 31,
2425:cover dated
2402:October 26,
2384:October 27,
2378:AFI Catalog
2366:October 27,
2360:AFI Catalog
2348:October 27,
2317:October 27,
2291:October 27,
2256:November 3,
2180:January 25,
2148:October 27,
2142:AFI Catalog
2130:October 27,
2124:AFI Catalog
2064:Walt Disney
1999:'s classic
1983:Stan Laurel
1979:two-reelers
1958:Curiosities
1842:(1925) and
1824:(1927) and
1625:(1938) and
1571:Broken Laws
1526:Rin-Tin-Tin
1503:adaptation
1501:Jack London
1497:Strongheart
1493:Buzz Barton
1481:Harry Carey
1436:Jean Arthur
1426:Sharon Lynn
1385:tax shelter
1319:Mary Browne
1279:Broken Laws
1192:Intolerance
1173:Ralph Lewis
1142:(1924) and
1024:(1924) and
960:Buzz Barton
946:programmers
941:Syncopation
857:Clive Brook
855:, starring
718:Main Street
591:Broken Laws
570:Silver King
549:serial film
523:two-reelers
312:Mutual Film
178:Hollywood's
162:Los Angeles
68:Predecessor
7498:Categories
7302:White Fang
6179:Daily News
3825:(4): 434.
2551:, and now
2334:"Reviews:
1721:Ralph Ince
1713:(1921) to
1710:Good Women
1687:King Vidor
1628:Casablanca
1599:Film Daily
1521:Daily News
1506:White Fang
1489:Bob Steele
1485:Bob Custer
1464:Lon Chaney
1418:Doris Hill
1342:(1925) to
1223:Viola Dana
1099:ZaSu Pitts
990:lost films
964:Frank Rice
956:Louis King
861:Irene Rich
783:sound film
479:Pat Powers
446:Henry King
345:Harry Depp
335:and other
274:Golden Age
256:executive
213:Ralph Ince
154:silent era
5646:Staff of
5211:See also
4330:(9). 39.
4028:Staff of
3907:Staff of
3644:Vitaphone
3283:Photoplay
2553:Paramount
2223:The Cheat
2208:(9). 39.
2060:Ub Iwerks
2050:Krazy Kat
2037:Krazy Kat
2030:based on
1971:slapstick
1952:provided
1592:with Mr.
1549:in FBO's
1519:New York
1428:, and in
1422:Nora Lane
1404:bit actor
1400:Tom Tyler
1334:Tom Tyler
762:Paramount
722:Woolworth
684:Photoplay
681:wrote in
667:Will Hays
483:Universal
403:Hollywood
248:-length "
205:Tom Tyler
120:Successor
5650:(1929).
5241:(1926),
4677:(1926).
4557:(1926).
4205:(1926),
4199:(1926),
4193:(1925),
4187:(1924),
4181:(1924),
4032:(1929).
3911:(1929).
3448:McCall's
3429:McCall's
3014:(1992).
2994:(1997).
2557:this map
1975:Joe Rock
1963:Ripley's
1826:Freckles
1806:(1925),
1800:(1924),
1515:Alsatian
1307:Sam Wood
1168:halfback
1088:Madame X
745:McCall's
736:survey,
642:Filene's
507:Westerns
60:Industry
6416:Sources
6011:Variety
5993:Variety
5630:July 7,
5603:July 7,
5575:July 7,
5569:Variety
5557:July 7,
5551:Variety
5061:July 6,
3839:3051829
3723:NYC AGO
3623:July 8,
2531:Lost LA
2465:Variety
2174:Variety
1886:'s and
1746:Salvage
1596:." The
1468:Variety
1447:Tom Mix
1389:tetanus
1362:Tom Mix
1348:(1929).
1001:in the
907:Variety
730:Tiffany
658:Lloyd's
566:Tom Mix
339:, from
333:serials
246:feature
238:Tom Mix
170:Western
99: (
94:Defunct
84: (
76:Founded
54:Private
7445:
7431:
7417:
7403:
7389:
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6430:
5731:years.
4381:, see
3837:
2549:Desilu
2533:. KCET
1916:) and
1850:Editor
1834:Oscars
1809:Laddie
1615:, aka
1580:Tarzan
1557:Tarzan
1511:My Dad
999:silver
895:dubbed
877:talkie
849:FBO's
652:owner
610:, and
596:oaters
545:shorts
493:, and
416:Kismet
383:, and
337:shorts
250:talkie
219:, and
185:shorts
4064:(PDF)
3835:JSTOR
3113:(PDF)
3021:(PDF)
3001:(PDF)
2170:(PDF)
2070:Notes
1882:Both
1229:star
1071:Chiba
343:with
7443:ISBN
7429:ISBN
7415:ISBN
7401:ISBN
7387:ISBN
7373:ISBN
7359:ISBN
7345:ISBN
7324:ISBN
7310:ISBN
7292:ISBN
7278:ISBN
7264:ISBN
7250:ISBN
7236:ISBN
7222:ISBN
7208:ISBN
7194:ISBN
7180:ISBN
7166:ISBN
7152:ISBN
7138:ISBN
7124:ISBN
7110:ISBN
7096:ISBN
7082:ISBN
7068:ISBN
7050:ISBN
7036:ISBN
7022:ISBN
7008:ISBN
6994:ISBN
6980:ISBN
6966:ISBN
6952:ISBN
6938:ISBN
6924:ISBN
6910:ISBN
6896:ISBN
6882:ISBN
6868:ISBN
6855:ISBN
6842:ISBN
6829:ISBN
6815:ISBN
6801:ISBN
6787:ISBN
6773:ISBN
6759:ISBN
6745:ISBN
6731:ISBN
6717:ISBN
6703:ISBN
6689:ISBN
6666:ISBN
6652:ISBN
6638:ISBN
6624:ISBN
6610:ISBN
6596:ISBN
6582:ISBN
6568:ISBN
6554:ISBN
6540:ISBN
6526:ISBN
6512:ISBN
6498:ISBN
6484:ISBN
6470:ISBN
6456:ISBN
6442:ISBN
6428:ISBN
6406:2022
6379:2022
6339:2022
6293:2022
6267:2022
6204:2022
6181:and
6173:2022
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