Knowledge

Roland Park, Baltimore

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government undertook housing development projects displacing African-American populations into inner-city, high-rise buildings that were, essentially, created to reinforce the patterns of neighborhood segregation that emerged in the late 1800s. On this matter, the government stated the project was “not
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It was a modern development, electricity for lighting throughout the neighborhood as well as gas for cooking and lighting. Water came from artesian wells dug up to 500 feet (150 m), nearly 50,000 feet (15,000 m) of water mains were constructed, in addition to 50,000 feet (15,000 m) of
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Though the Supreme Court ruled against the enforceability of racially restrictive deeds in 1948, segregation and redlining remained prevalent in Roland Park and throughout other areas of Baltimore City through the 1950s and up until today. In the early 1940s and ‘50s, Baltimore City and the federal
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In 1911, George Ford, a professor at Columbia University and later the president of the National Conference on City Planning, was starting to teach a course on urban planning and reached out to Bouton as he was impressed with his racial restrictions. Employees of the Roland Park Company would later
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Letters from the time show that Bouton asked a law firm, Schmuker & Whitelock, if he could legally restrict who bought property in Roland Park. Though the firm advised against it, by 1912, the ‘Nuisances’ section of the deed read, “At no time shall the land included in said tract or any part
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of Kansas City. Nichols continued to refer to Roland Park as an ideal residential development when he counselled other residential developers. The park-like setting designed by the Olmsted brothers was a mark of affluence echoed by other neighborhoods in Baltimore such as
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in 1896 in the English Tudor style. Developed by Roland Park Company President Edward Bouton and designed by Wyatt and Nolting, it was originally planned as an apartment and office building with a “community room” for civic functions on the upper level.
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In the late 1800s and early 1900s, Baltimore saw an influx of immigrants, nearing 600,000. Bouton took 100 acres of land a few miles north of Downtown Baltimore and sold it as an exclusive, lush “garden suburb”, free of city grime and racial diversity.
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Additionally, Bouton claimed that he did not sell to Jews, as they were “undesirable”, at the 1914 Annual Conference of the Development of High-Class Residential Property, further demonstrating the levels of exclusion in the emerging city suburbs.
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to advise them on the installation of a sewer system. Bouton placed restrictive covenants on all lots in Roland Park. These included setback requirements and proscriptions against any business operations.
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as the world's first shopping center (though some editions of Guinness incorrectly date it to 1896, when it was not yet a shopping center). Since it had only six stores, qualifying today as a
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thereof, or any building erected thereon, be occupied by any negro or person of negro extraction. This prohibition, however, is not intended to include occupancy by a negro domestic servant.”
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forced Jarvis and Conklin to sell the Roland Park Company to the firm of Stewart and Young. Despite the dire economics after 1893, Stewart and Young continued investment in the development.
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to lay out the second tract, and installed expensive infrastructure, including graded-streets, gutters, sidewalks, and constructed the Lake Roland Elevated Railroad. The company consulted
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and is assigned to Roland Park Elementary/Middle School, a K-8 school that earned the Blue Ribbon for Academic Excellence from the state department of education in 1997 and 1998.
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go on to serve on national boards, such as the Federal Housing Administration, which helped normalize and standardize the practice of redlining throughout the country.
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Cheryl Caldwell Ferguson (Oct 2000). "River Oaks:1920s Suburban Planning and Development in Houston". Southwestern Historical Quarterly 104, p.121.
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is to the west, within walking distance of much of the neighborhood, just across Falls Road and running alongside the
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Bouton and some Baltimore investors purchased the interests of Roland Park and reorganized the company in 1903.
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clearance but rather using the projects to block the Negro from encroaching upon white territory”.
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residents for the Maryland Apartment in north Baltimore until 75% of the apartments were rented.
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cited Roland Park as a model residential subdivision to his Harvard School of Design students.
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The Roland Park Company hired Kansas City developer Edward H. Bouton as the general manager and
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How the Suburbs Were Segregated: Developers and the Business of Exclusionary Housing, 1890-1960
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Jarvis and Conklin, a Chicago investment firm, purchased 500 acres (200 ha) of land near
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in 1891 and founded the Roland Park Company with $ 1 million in capital. Not long after, the
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quotas when building in Roland Park. In 1951, Rouse enforced a quota of no more than 12%
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Robert M. Fogelson (2005). Bourgeois Nightmares: suburbia, 1870-1930, p.60-63, 66-67.
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Irregular pattern between Belvedere Ave., Falls Rd., 39th St., and Stoney Run,
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Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Baltimore
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Robert M. Fogelson (2005). Bourgeois Nightmares: suburbia, 1870-1930, p.63.
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Robert M. Fogelson (2005). Bourgeois Nightmares: suburbia, 1870-1930, p.64.
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had found inspiration in Roland Park when he was planning the
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Category:National Register of Historic Places in Maryland
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roadways, and 100,000 feet (30,000 m) of sidewalks.
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to lay out the lots for the first tract. They hired the
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There are several private schools in the neighborhood:
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Roland Park Shopping Center 1907 or shortly thereafter
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Roland Park: Most Fashionable and Pretentious Suburb
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It opened in 1907 as shops. It has been credited by
16:"Roland Park" redirects here. For similar uses, see 2375:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
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Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals, Late Victorian
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Guilford Publications. p. 320. 533: 505:"National Register Information System" 2314: 1023: 283:A June 25, 1921 advertisement in the 1051:Neighborhoods in Baltimore, Maryland 811:Understanding the Cultural Landscape 639: 540:Catharine F. Black (November 1973). 510:National Register of Historic Places 780:. Baltimore Sun. December 27, 1908. 573: 497: 390:(1916, the first uniformly planned 299:A May 7, 1922 advertisement in the 13: 1606:West Baltimore Innovation District 627:"Historic Architecture – Mayfield" 447:St. Mary's Seminary and University 14: 2666: 973: 459: 2613: 2604: 2603: 2400: 2393: 1654:Business and Government District 291:houses sold by George R. Morris. 1757:Coldstream-Homestead-Montebello 1417:Coldstream-Homestead-Montebello 957: 940: 917: 912:The community builders handbook 904: 881: 854: 827: 802: 784: 770: 746: 689: 926:Jim Rouse: capitalist/idealist 619: 610: 601: 592: 567: 558: 521: 452:There is also a branch of the 443:Boys' Latin School of Maryland 402:, the first uniformly-planned 154: 140:Olmsted, Frederick Law; Et al. 1: 952:Baltimore City Public Schools 479: 416:Baltimore City Public Schools 34:Roland Park Historic District 1001:Discover Our Shared Heritage 409: 392:neighborhood shopping center 23:United States historic place 7: 2591:National Historic Landmarks 547:. Maryland Historical Trust 449:is located in Roland Park. 423:Friends School of Baltimore 360:Roland Park Shopping Center 347:Roland Park Shopping Center 10: 2671: 2645:Neighborhoods in Baltimore 1490:Stonewood-Pentwood-Winston 1016:- Ghosts of Baltimore blog 963:Roland Park Public School 840:. Routledge. p. 161. 792:"Roland Park Welcomes You" 657:/ Published (2014-09-10). 655:Elizabeth Evitts Dickinson 431:Roland Park Country School 364:Roland Park Business Block 331:The real estate developer 196: 178:is a community located in 15: 2599: 2578: 2537: 2409: 2391: 2352: 2276:Mount Pleasant Woods Park 2218: 2133: 2022: 1938: 1839: 1732: 1629: 1518: 1392: 1219:Chinquapin Park-Belvedere 1175: 1057: 244:Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. 192:Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. 165: 153:NRHP reference  152: 144: 136: 121: 113: 76: 65: 61: 57: 48: 39: 32: 28: 2655:Baltimore City Landmarks 989:Community of Roland Park 867:. McFarland. p. 7. 861:Scharoun, Llisa (2012). 837:The City Cultures Reader 576:"History of Roland Park" 470:Cold Spring Lane Station 454:Enoch Pratt Free Library 404:regional shopping center 145:Architectural style 893:p.204 (Scribner 1996) ( 726:Glotzer, Paige (2020). 696:Gladora, Chris (2006). 117:700 acres (280 ha) 2640:Roland Park, Baltimore 2365:Keeper of the Register 1422:Ednor Gardens-Lakeside 994:History of Roland Park 910:Urban Land Institute, 809:Wallach, Bret (2005). 492: 489:Baltimore Country Club 474:Jones Falls Expressway 376:Guinness World Records 356: 304: 292: 206: 51:U.S. Historic district 2380:National Park Service 2360:Contributing property 2202:Pleasent View Gardens 1762:East Baltimore Midway 1591:Sandtown - Winchester 1364:Village of Cross Keys 834:Borden, Iain (2004). 796:rolandparkhistory.org 515:National Park Service 487: 400:Kansas City, Missouri 388:Lake Forest, Illinois 354: 298: 282: 264:Country Club District 222:George Edward Kessler 204: 98:39.34917°N 76.63472°W 1528:Bridgeview/Greenlawn 1162:Reisterstown Station 1077:Auchentoroly Terrace 887:Rybczynski, Witold. 864:American at the Mall 466:Baltimore Light Rail 2569:South and Southeast 2554:North and Northwest 2032:Baltimore Highlands 1649:Bromo Arts District 580:Ghosts of Baltimore 289:racially restricted 260:Jesse Clyde Nichols 230:George E Waring Jr. 180:Baltimore, Maryland 103:39.34917; -76.63472 94: /  71:Baltimore, Maryland 2564:East and Northeast 2559:West and Southwest 2273:Middle Branch Park 2171:Govans Manor Homes 1925:Washington Village 1831:South Clifton Park 1510:Woodbourne Heights 1359:Tuscany-Canterbury 702:Indypendent Reader 574:Tom (2013-09-23). 528:Robert M. Fogelson 493: 396:Country Club Plaza 357: 305: 293: 207: 2627: 2626: 2370:Historic district 2308: 2307: 2256:Gwynns Falls Park 2246:Federal Hill Park 2236:Cylburn Arboretum 2193:O'Donnell Heights 2174:Heritage Crossing 2148:Armistead Gardens 2120:Upper Fells Point 1709:Ridgely's Delight 1561:Midtown-Edmondson 1349:Sabina Mattefeldt 1301:Loyola-Notre Dame 1082:Callaway-Garrison 1010:, includes photos 173: 172: 169:December 23, 1974 2662: 2617: 2607: 2606: 2429:Baltimore County 2404: 2403: 2397: 2396: 2335: 2328: 2321: 2312: 2311: 2295:Sherwood Gardens 2269:Lake Roland Park 2264:Herring Run Park 1854:Carrollton Ridge 1556:Little Lithuania 1311:Mount Washington 1195:Bellona-Gittings 1044: 1037: 1030: 1021: 1020: 1003:Travel Itinerary 984:accompanying map 967: 961: 955: 944: 938: 929:, p.111 (2007) ( 921: 915: 908: 902: 885: 879: 878: 858: 852: 851: 831: 825: 824: 806: 800: 799: 788: 782: 781: 774: 768: 767: 765: 764: 750: 744: 743: 723: 717: 716: 714: 713: 704:. 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1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1846: 1844: 1842: 1838: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1821: 1819: 1816: 1814: 1811: 1809: 1806: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1796: 1794: 1791: 1789:Latrobe Homes 1788: 1786: 1783: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1767:East Monument 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1752:Broadway East 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1740: 1739: 1737: 1735: 1731: 1725: 1722: 1720: 1719:Station North 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1689:Market Center 1687: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1675: 1672: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1650: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1640: 1637: 1636: 1634: 1632: 1628: 1622: 1621:Windsor Hills 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1544: 1541: 1539: 1536: 1534: 1531: 1529: 1526: 1525: 1523: 1521: 1517: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 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Sun 281: 272: 270: 265: 261: 257: 256:San Francisco 253: 249: 245: 241: 238: 234: 231: 227: 223: 218: 216: 215:Panic of 1893 212: 203: 194: 193: 189: 188:Edward Bouton 185: 181: 177: 168: 166:Added to NRHP 164: 161: 158: 151: 147: 143: 139: 135: 124: 120: 116: 112: 107: 79: 75: 72: 68: 64: 60: 56: 52: 47: 43: 38: 31: 27: 19: 2499:Queen Anne's 2424:Anne Arundel 2251:Fort McHenry 2231:Clifton Park 2226:Carroll Park 2105:Little Italy 2082:Highlandtown 2062:Fell's Point 2042:Brewers Hill 2000:Pratt Monroe 1991:Mount Winans 1986:Locust Point 1966:Federal Hill 1930:Yale Heights 1912:Union Square 1884:Morrell Park 1864:Franklintown 1776:Four By Four 1772:Ellwood Park 1694:Mount Vernon 1684:Madison Park 1674:Inner Harbor 1639:Barre Circle 1343: 1321:The Orchards 1293:Lake Evesham 1268:Hoes Heights 1152:Park Heights 1000: 959: 942: 924: 923:Marx, Paul. 919: 911: 906: 888: 883: 863: 856: 836: 829: 810: 804: 795: 786: 772: 761:. Retrieved 748: 728: 721: 710:. Retrieved 706:the original 701: 691: 666:. Retrieved 662: 630:. Retrieved 621: 612: 603: 594: 583:. Retrieved 579: 569: 560: 549:. Retrieved 535: 523: 508: 499: 463: 451: 420: 413: 373: 363: 362:(originally 359: 358: 330: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 300: 284: 242: 239: 235: 219: 208: 175: 174: 18:Rowland Park 2579:Other lists 2280:Leakin Park 2260:Hanlon Park 2183:Mason Homes 2077:Harbor East 1953:Cherry Hill 1917:Violetville 1899:Saint Agnes 1859:Dickeyville 1822:Orangeville 1803:Middle East 1644:Bolton Hill 1547:Harlem Park 1505:Wilson Park 1470:Morgan Park 1431:Gardenville 1344:Roland Park 1330:Poplar Hill 1297:Lake Walker 1223:Cold Spring 1147:Mount Holly 1127:Howard Park 1117:Greenspring 1107:Garwyn Oaks 1102:Forest Park 653:Fall 2014, 337:antisemitic 211:Lake Roland 176:Roland Park 101: / 77:Coordinates 2634:Categories 2519:Washington 2509:St. Mary's 2489:Montgomery 2459:Dorchester 2300:Wyman Park 2115:St. Helena 2092:Joseph Lee 1971:Harborview 1958:Curtis Bay 1849:Beechfield 1714:Seton Hill 1611:West Hills 1576:Penn-North 1500:Waltherson 1485:Ramblewood 1465:Mid-Govans 1455:Loch Raven 1450:Lauraville 1379:Wyman Park 1354:Stone Hill 1316:Oakenshawe 1215:Cedarcroft 1092:Dorchester 948:Appendix C 763:2022-04-26 712:2021-03-24 668:2021-03-24 632:2023-03-07 585:2019-02-19 551:2016-03-01 480:References 398:(1923) in 394:) and the 380:strip mall 89:76°38′05″W 86:39°20′57″N 2545:Baltimore 2529:Worcester 2464:Frederick 2412:by county 2205:Poe Homes 2156:Claremont 2143:Allendale 2087:Jonestown 2072:Greektown 2024:Southeast 1962:Fairfield 1921:Wakefield 1908:Ten Hills 1879:Irvington 1841:Southwest 1699:Otterbein 1679:Koreatown 1669:Chinatown 1581:Poppleton 1566:Mondawmin 1551:Lexington 1538:Edmondson 1475:Northwood 1427:Frankford 1394:Northeast 1384:Wyndhurst 1374:Woodberry 1339:Remington 1288:Koreatown 1243:Glen Oaks 1238:Evergreen 1137:Levindale 1097:Fallstaff 1087:Cheswolde 1072:Ashburton 1067:Arlington 1059:Northwest 890:City Life 410:Education 137:Architect 2524:Wicomico 2504:Somerset 2439:Caroline 2419:Allegany 2346:Maryland 2014:Westport 1981:Lakeland 1948:Brooklyn 1813:Old Town 1724:Westside 1631:Downtown 1616:Westgate 1601:Walbrook 1586:Rosemont 1460:Mayfield 1326:Pen Lucy 1306:Medfield 1278:Homewood 1273:Homeland 1253:Guilford 1233:Edgecomb 677:cite web 269:Mayfield 160:74002213 66:Location 2586:Bridges 2549:Central 2474:Harford 2469:Garrett 2454:Charles 2444:Carroll 2434:Calvert 2101:Linwood 2097:Kresson 2037:Bayview 1894:Pigtown 1742:Barclay 1480:Overlea 1412:Cedonia 1369:Waverly 1283:Keswick 1263:Harwood 1258:Hampden 1228:Cylburn 1190:Barclay 1157:Pimlico 663:The Hub 197:History 127: ( 2514:Talbot 2479:Howard 2353:Topics 2052:Canton 1904:Sowebo 1889:Oaklee 1818:Oliver 1571:Mosher 1445:Hillen 1435:Govans 1248:Govans 933:  897:  871:  844:  817:  736:  441:, and 433:, the 341:Jewish 2449:Cecil 2410:Lists 2219:Parks 1940:South 1747:Berea 1596:Upton 1185:Abell 1177:North 545:(PDF) 335:used 122:Built 2484:Kent 1734:East 1520:West 1112:Glen 931:ISBN 895:ISBN 869:ISBN 842:ISBN 815:ISBN 734:ISBN 683:link 464:The 326:slum 287:for 190:and 129:1890 125:1890 114:Area 2547:: ( 2344:in 950:." 468:'s 386:in 254:in 155:No. 2636:: 794:. 756:. 700:. 679:}} 675:{{ 661:. 641:^ 578:. 513:. 507:. 476:. 437:, 429:, 425:, 406:. 2571:) 2334:e 2327:t 2320:v 1043:e 1036:t 1029:v 901:) 877:. 850:. 823:. 798:. 766:. 742:. 715:. 685:) 671:. 635:. 588:. 554:. 131:) 20:.

Index

Rowland Park
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. Historic district
Baltimore, Maryland
39°20′57″N 76°38′05″W / 39.34917°N 76.63472°W / 39.34917; -76.63472
74002213
Baltimore, Maryland
streetcar suburb
Edward Bouton
Frederick Law Olmsted Jr.
Roland Park plan
Lake Roland
Panic of 1893
George Edward Kessler
Olmsted Brothers
George E Waring Jr.
Frederick Law Olmsted Jr.
Duncan McDuffie
St. Francis Wood
San Francisco
Jesse Clyde Nichols
Country Club District
Mayfield

racially restricted

slum
James W. Rouse
antisemitic
Jewish

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