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By the time the expedition had made it only about one-quarter of the way down the river, they were physically exhausted and sick from starvation, disease, and the constant labor of hauling canoes around rapids. By its end, everyone on the expedition except for
Colonel Rondon was either sick, injured,
310:
helped the team down the rest of the river (less rapid-prone than the upper reaches). The expedition was reunited on April 26, 1914, with a
Brazilian and American relief party led by Lieutenant Antonio Pyrineus, an officer from Rondon's Telegraph Commission. The party had been pre-arranged by Rondon
394:
The expedition took 33 days to complete the nearly 1000 mile journey. Whereas the
Roosevelt–Rondon Expedition had to portage almost all of the many rapids on the river with their heavy dugout canoes, the Haskel–McKnight Expedition was able to safely navigate all of the rapids except for three which
280:
weighed heavily on just about every member of the expedition, leaving them in a constant state of sickness, festering wounds and high fevers. The heavy dug-out canoes were unsuitable to the constant rapids and were often lost, requiring days to build new ones. The food provisions were ill-conceived
293:
Of the 19 men who went on the expedition, 16 returned. One died by accidental drowning in rapids (with his body never recovered). And in early April, a porter named Julio shot and killed another
Brazilian who had caught him stealing food. After failing to capture the murderer, the exhausted
327:
After
Roosevelt returned, there was some doubt that he had actually discovered the river and made the expedition. Even though he was still quite weak and barely able to speak above a whisper, Roosevelt, angry that his credibility had been challenged, arranged speaking engagements with the
205:
suggested that
Roosevelt accompany famous Brazilian explorer Cândido Rondon on his exploration of the previously unknown River of Doubt, the headwaters of which had only recently been discovered. Roosevelt, seeking adventure and challenge after his recent electoral defeat, agreed.
386:
and Mark
Greenberg, cinematographer Joe Kaminsky, Haskell's son Charles 'Chip' Haskell Jr. who served as the expedition's communications expert, Brazilian scientists Geraldo Mendes dos Santos and João Ferraz (ichthyologist and pharmacologist), chiefs Oita Mina and Tatataré of the
289:
tribe shadowed the expedition and were a constant source of concern – the natives could have at any time wiped out the expedition and taken their valuable metal tools, but they chose to let them pass. (Future expeditions in the 1920s were not so lucky.)
230:. They reached the River of Doubt on February 27, 1914. At this point, due to a lack of food supplies, the Expedition split up, with part of the Expedition, including Father Zahm and expedition quartermaster
159:, they also collected many new animal and insect specimens. The river was eventually named "Rio Roosevelt" after the former president. He nearly died during the voyage and his health was permanently damaged.
395:
were portaged. Haskell reported that his expedition "found spots chronicled by the original team, saw plants and insects they described, and went down the rapids that crushed the dugout canoes of 1914".
319:. Three weeks later, a greatly weakened Roosevelt made it home to a hero's welcome in New York. His health never fully recovered after the trip, and he died less than five years later of related causes.
226:, where Rondon had previously discovered the headwaters of the River of Doubt. From Tapirapuã, the expedition traveled northwest, through dense forests and then later through the plains on top of the
391:
tribe whose land borders much of the river, and the journalist Sam Moses, who was contracted to write a book which was not published because
Haskell and McKnight declined to approve the manuscript.
398:
The expedition members were awarded the
Theodore Roosevelt Association's Distinguished Service Medal for their achievement. A documentary of the expedition was subsequently produced and aired on
29:
1854:
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or both. Roosevelt himself was near death, having received a gash in his leg that had become infected, and the party feared for his life each day. Luckily, they came upon
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in mid-June. These appearances largely stifled the criticisms at the time. To finally settle the dispute, in 1927 British explorer
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210:, Theodore's son, had recently become engaged and did not plan on joining the expedition but did on the insistence of his mother
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315:, where they had hoped to emerge from the tributary. Medical attention was given to Roosevelt as the group returned to
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414:. Since this time, the expedition has inspired others to undergo its challenges such as Materials Scientist Professor
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Wasserman, Renata. "Exotic science and domestic exoticism: Theodore
Roosevelt and J.A. Leite Moraes in Amazonia."
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who earned a marginal living from the forest trees driven by the new demand for rubber tires for automobiles. The
1962:
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55:. Only Roosevelt, Kermit, Cherrie, Rondon and the Brazilians would descend the River of Doubt.
2123:
1494:
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Almost from the start, the expedition was fraught with problems. Insects and disease such as
740:
Ilha do Desterro: A Journal of English Language, Literatures in English and Cultural Studies
2187:
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2163:
2055:
1179:
951:
848:
370:
The expedition consisted of a total of twenty persons including Roosevelt's great-grandson
243:
202:
155:, a Brazilian explorer who had discovered its headwaters in 1909. Sponsored in part by the
99:
8:
2316:
2243:
2131:
1972:
1912:
1156:
1098:
1040:
345:
198:
128:
48:
1526:"Progressive Cause Greater Than Any Individual" (1912 post-assassination-attempt speech)
2259:
1881:
1504:
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696:
466:
144:
87:
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In 1992 a third (modern) expedition was organized and led by Charles Haskell and
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follows the expedition of former U.S. president Theodore Roosevelt, played by
2356:
2326:
1453:
1439:
540:
444:
239:
231:
52:
20:
766:
The Roosevelt-Rondon Scientific-Expedition and the Telegraph Line Commission
242:. The remaining party – the Roosevelts, Colonel Rondon, American naturalist
2011:
2003:
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140:
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led a second trip down the river, confirming Roosevelt's discoveries.
1290:
780:
186:
774:
42:
554:"In T. R.'s Footsteps, Scientists Embark on Amazonian Expedition"
436:
277:
498:"The Amazonian Expedition That Nearly Killed Theodore Roosevelt"
451:, alongside Brazilian army officer Cândido Rondon, portrayed by
341:
316:
190:
185:, Roosevelt had originally planned to go on a speaking tour of
135:) was a survey expedition in 1913–14 to follow the path of the
77:
51:, Rondon, Kermit, Cherrie, Miller, four Brazilians, Roosevelt,
264:
Map showing the complete route of the South American journey
214:, in order to protect his father. The expedition started in
418:, Col Huram Reis, Col Ivan Angonese, and Jeffery Lehmann.
558:"Explorers of Amazon Branch Retrace Roosevelt Expedition"
399:
656:
The River of Doubt: Theodore Roosevelt's Darkest Journey
467:
The River of Doubt: Theodore Roosevelt's Darkest Journey
181:
After losing a bid for a third presidential term in the
756:
Works about the Roosevelt–Rondon Scientific Expedition
431:
a four-episode Brazilian miniseries, was released on
367:
and a private trust set up by Haskell and McKnight.
47:The initial members. From left to right (seated):
2354:
421:
294:expedition simply abandoned him in the jungle.
613:
1663:Theodore Roosevelt Center and Digital Library
796:
109:Successful exploration of the River of Doubt
1793:Theodore Roosevelt United States Courthouse
382:, Jim Slade, and Mike Boyle, photographers
803:
789:
252:) – then started down the River of Doubt.
1519:"Citizenship in a Republic" (1910 speech)
695:
1406:Smithsonian–Roosevelt African expedition
311:to meet them at the confluence with the
267:
259:
166:
16:American and Brazilian survey expedition
717:
649:
2355:
1615:United States presidential elections:
810:
673:
632:Explorers and Discoverers of the World
125:Roosevelt–Rondon Scientific Expedition
36:Roosevelt–Rondon Scientific Expedition
1882:"Speak softly, and carry a big stick"
1413:"River of Doubt" Amazonian expedition
784:
628:
222:, in December 1913. They traveled to
133:Expedição Científica Rondon–Roosevelt
1779:Roosevelt Memorial, Portland, Oregon
1534:Theodore Roosevelt: An Autobiography
720:"UCSD Explorer Struggling in Amazon"
591:"UCSD Explorer Struggling in Amazon"
143:. The expedition was jointly led by
1025:Northern Securities Company breakup
838:Vice President of the United States
580:"The New Explorers: River of Doubt"
495:
272:Roosevelt and Rondon with bush deer
13:
2388:Expeditions from the United States
1814:Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Bridge
1505:"The Strenuous Life" (1899 speech)
718:Robbins, Gary (October 24, 2014).
361:American Museum of Natural History
157:American Museum of Natural History
14:
2419:
995:United States Reclamation Service
865:New York City Police Commissioner
749:
404:New Explorers: The River of Doubt
2336:
2335:
2064:Barnes vs. Roosevelt libel trial
1904:Terrible Teddy, the Grizzly King
1756:Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Park
1728:Mount Rushmore Anniversary coins
1677:Theodore Roosevelt National Park
1586:Republican National Convention:
1433:Birthplace, boyhood home replica
1298:State of the Union Address, 1901
1233:Department of Commerce and Labor
705:. New York: C. Scribner's Sons.
702:Through the Brazilian Wilderness
622:Through the Brazilian Wilderness
41:
1488:Theodore Roosevelt bibliography
1106:Federal Employers Liability Act
1002:National Wildlife Refuge System
857:Assistant Secretary of the Navy
595:
355:, and sponsored in part by the
322:
197:organized by his friend Father
1721:Theodore Roosevelt Association
1376:"Bull Moose" Progressive Party
1326:Federal judiciary appointments
973:Devils Tower National Monument
827:President of the United States
584:
573:
562:
547:
529:
520:
511:
489:
480:
357:Theodore Roosevelt Association
193:, followed by a cruise of the
149:president of the United States
1:
2156:Cornelius V. S. Roosevelt III
1786:Proposed presidential library
1684:Theodore Roosevelt Wilderness
1553:Theodore Roosevelt Cyclopedia
1440:Sagamore Hill Home and Museum
1194:Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907
569:"Distinguished Service Medal"
422:Representation in other media
302:("rubber men"), impoverished
172:
162:
1707:Roosevelt Park (San Antonio)
1580:1898 New York state election
1055:Food and Drug Administration
987:United States Forest Service
980:Muir Woods National Monument
374:, professional river guides
365:National Wildlife Federation
246:, and 15 Brazilian porters (
7:
1772:Theodore Roosevelt Monument
1256:Inland Waterways Commission
931:Booker T. Washington dinner
724:The San Diego Union-Tribune
629:Baker, Daniel, ed. (1993).
614:Sources and further reading
459:
330:National Geographic Society
255:
10:
2424:
2403:South American expeditions
1670:White House Roosevelt Room
777:(public domain audiobooks)
681:. New York: Random House.
635:. Detroit: Gale Research.
338:Royal Geographical Society
139:("River of Doubt") in the
64:December 1913 – April 1914
2301:
2268:Robert Barnhill Roosevelt
2228:Elliott Bulloch Roosevelt
2073:
1987:
1864:
1807:Theodore Roosevelt Bridge
1700:Roosevelt National Forest
1693:Theodore Roosevelt Island
1640:
1569:
1477:
1422:
1335:
1219:College football meetings
875:
818:
113:
105:
83:
68:
60:
40:
2398:Historiography of Brazil
2383:First Brazilian Republic
2212:Martha Bulloch Roosevelt
2180:Joseph Willard Roosevelt
1821:Theodore Roosevelt Award
1127:Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty
945:Newlands Reclamation Act
473:
439:. The series written by
2030:League to Enforce Peace
1512:League to Enforce Peace
1399:Boone and Crockett Club
1367:Battle of San Juan Hill
1226:Bureau of Investigation
1016:Conference of Governors
659:. New York: Doubleday.
427:On September 26, 2021,
18:
2275:Anna Eleanor Roosevelt
2260:James Alfred Roosevelt
2252:James Stephens Bulloch
2220:Anna "Bamie" Roosevelt
2204:Theodore Roosevelt Sr.
2108:Theodore Roosevelt III
1934:Teddy, the Rough Rider
1714:Roosevelt Study Center
1360:Battle of Las Guasimas
1240:Bureau of Corporations
1187:1906 Nobel Peace Prize
1048:Pure Food and Drug Act
273:
265:
218:, a small town on the
178:
171:Roosevelt and Rondon,
30:considered for merging
2393:Explorers of Amazonia
2317:William Howard Taft →
2283:Gracie Hall Roosevelt
2188:Edith Roosevelt Derby
2148:Theodore Roosevelt IV
2124:Ethel Carow Roosevelt
1496:The Naval War of 1812
1390:Assassination attempt
1291:White House West Wing
620:Roosevelt, Theodore.
336:, on May 26, and the
271:
263:
170:
2172:Kermit Roosevelt Jr.
2164:Quentin Roosevelt II
2056:Roosevelt Republican
1560:Archival collections
1346:Spanish–American War
1263:Bureau of the Census
1180:Treaty of Portsmouth
1092:Aldrich–Vreeland Act
952:Transfer Act of 1905
849:Governor of New York
603:"HBO Max Press Room"
281:forcing the team on
244:George Kruck Cherrie
203:government of Brazil
100:George Kruck Cherrie
72:River of Doubt (now
2244:Cornelius Roosevelt
2132:Archibald Roosevelt
2100:Alice Lee Roosevelt
1996:Political positions
1914:Roosevelt in Africa
1855:U.S. postage stamps
1763:Monument Assemblage
1447:Maltese Cross Cabin
1157:Roosevelt Corollary
1099:Tillman Act of 1907
1064:Meat Inspection Act
1041:Coal strike of 1902
908:Second inauguration
697:Roosevelt, Theodore
486:Morris, pp 305–347.
429:The American Guest,
346:George Miller Dyott
199:John Augustine Zahm
37:
2408:Theodore Roosevelt
2308:← William McKinley
2196:Theodora Roosevelt
2092:Edith Kermit Carow
2084:Alice Hathaway Lee
1964:Theodore Roosevelt
1956:, 2014 documentary
1916:, 1910 documentary
1830:Theodore Roosevelt
1173:Russo-Japanese War
1166:Occupation of Cuba
1120:Big stick ideology
892:First inauguration
812:Theodore Roosevelt
742:57 (2009): 59-78.
353:Elizabeth McKnight
285:diets. The native
274:
266:
179:
145:Theodore Roosevelt
88:Theodore Roosevelt
35:
2350:
2349:
2236:Corinne Roosevelt
2140:Quentin Roosevelt
1966:, 2022 miniseries
1946:, 1997 miniseries
1546:magazine articles
1277:Perdicaris affair
1270:Great White Fleet
1150:Venezuelan crisis
1134:Panama Canal Zone
688:978-0-375-50487-7
679:Colonel Roosevelt
433:HBO Latin America
380:Kelley Kalafatich
121:
120:
2415:
2343:
2339:
2338:
2329:
2320:
2311:
2294:
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2278:
2270:
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2255:
2247:
2239:
2231:
2223:
2215:
2207:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2175:
2167:
2159:
2151:
2143:
2135:
2127:
2119:
2116:Kermit Roosevelt
2111:
2103:
2095:
2087:
2066:
2059:
2050:
2041:
2038:A Guest of Honor
2032:
2023:
2014:
2007:
1998:
1978:
1968:
1958:
1948:
1938:
1928:
1924:The Rough Riders
1918:
1908:
1898:
1891:
1884:
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1857:
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1843:
1823:
1816:
1809:
1802:
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1758:
1749:
1747:Portland, Oregon
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1319:White House desk
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1203:Army War College
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651:Millard, Candice
646:
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536:"River of Doubt"
533:
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509:
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493:
487:
484:
443:and directed by
376:Joe Willie Jones
334:Washington, D.C.
234:, following the
208:Kermit Roosevelt
177:
174:
96:Kermit Roosevelt
45:
38:
34:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2378:1914 in science
2368:1913 in science
2353:
2352:
2351:
2346:
2334:
2327:← Garret Hobart
2325:
2314:
2305:
2297:
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2281:
2273:
2266:
2258:
2250:
2242:
2234:
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2198:(granddaughter)
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2190:(granddaughter)
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2017:
2010:
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1994:
1983:
1971:
1961:
1951:
1941:
1931:
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1911:
1901:
1894:
1887:
1880:
1873:
1866:
1860:
1853:
1846:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1800:Roosevelt River
1798:
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1784:
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1461:Pine Knot cabin
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1383:New Nationalism
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1249:Keep Commission
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978:
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959:Antiquities Act
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548:
544:, June 6, 1927.
534:
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521:
517:Millard (2005).
516:
512:
502:
500:
496:Andrews, Evan.
494:
490:
485:
481:
476:
462:
441:Matthew Chapman
424:
412:Wilford Brimley
372:Tweed Roosevelt
325:
258:
236:Ji-Paraná River
228:Parecis plateau
212:Edith Roosevelt
201:. Instead, the
175:
165:
98:
94:
90:
74:Roosevelt River
56:
33:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2421:
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304:rubber-tappers
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164:
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153:Cândido Rondon
151:, and Colonel
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92:Cândido Rondon
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2020:Nature fakers
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899:historic site
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541:Time Magazine
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445:Bruno Barreto
442:
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435:and later on
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240:Madeira River
237:
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232:Anthony Fiala
229:
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183:1912 election
169:
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147:, the former
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137:Rio da Dúvida
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31:
27:
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25:Infobox event
22:
2315:
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2086:(first wife)
2036:
2012:Ananias Club
2004:Bully pulpit
1973:
1963:
1953:
1944:Rough Riders
1943:
1933:
1923:
1913:
1903:
1829:
1649:Bibliography
1543:
1533:
1495:
1480:and speeches
1412:
1353:Rough Riders
1141:Panama Canal
938:Conservation
765:
760:Open Library
739:
728:. Retrieved
723:
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678:
655:
631:
624:. Wikisource
621:
597:
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531:
522:
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501:. Retrieved
491:
482:
465:
428:
406:narrated by
403:
397:
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384:Carr Clifton
369:
350:
326:
323:Confirmation
308:seringueiros
307:
300:seringueiros
299:
296:
292:
275:
247:
195:Amazon River
180:
141:Amazon basin
132:
124:
122:
84:Participants
23:
1936:, 1940 film
1926:, 1927 film
1906:, 1901 film
1536:(1913 book)
1498:(1882 book)
1113:Kinkaid Act
1085:Hepburn Act
923:Square Deal
867:(1895–1897)
859:(1897–1898)
851:(1899–1900)
829:(1901–1909)
769:by Colonel
726:. San Diego
449:Aidan Quinn
408:Bill Kurtis
402:called the
389:Cinta Larga
287:Cinta Larga
176: 1914
49:Father Zahm
19:‹ The
2357:Categories
2182:(grandson)
2174:(grandson)
2166:(grandson)
2158:(grandson)
2150:(grandson)
2126:(daughter)
2102:(daughter)
1875:Teddy bear
1078:Elkins Act
1032:court case
877:Presidency
453:Chico Diaz
283:starvation
163:Beginnings
129:Portuguese
2230:(brother)
2047:Muckraker
1571:Elections
1544:The Forum
1468:Gravesite
503:9 October
249:camaradas
224:Tapirapuã
187:Argentina
28:is being
2341:Category
2285:(nephew)
2238:(sister)
2222:(sister)
2214:(mother)
2206:(father)
1478:Writings
1423:Life and
882:timeline
775:LibriVox
730:July 13,
699:(1914).
677:(2010).
653:(2005).
460:See also
256:Problems
69:Location
32:. ›
21:template
2277:(niece)
2262:(uncle)
1988:Related
1974:Elkhorn
1867:culture
1865:Popular
1734:Statues
1284:Cabinet
437:HBO Max
278:malaria
238:to the
216:Cáceres
106:Outcome
2075:Family
1641:Legacy
1338:events
840:(1901)
744:online
711:485541
709:
685:
663:
639:
363:, the
359:, the
342:London
317:Manaus
191:Brazil
114:Deaths
78:Brazil
2293:(dog)
2142:(son)
2134:(son)
2118:(son)
2110:(son)
1896:Films
1889:Books
1832:(1906
1425:homes
1336:Other
474:Notes
53:Fiala
2291:Pete
1840:1984
1836:1961
1828:USS
1631:1912
1624:1904
1617:1900
1609:1916
1602:1912
1595:1904
1588:1900
1312:1908
1305:1906
846:33rd
835:25th
824:26th
732:2015
707:OCLC
683:ISBN
661:ISBN
637:ISBN
505:2023
410:and
189:and
123:The
61:Date
773:at
758:at
400:PBS
340:in
332:in
76:),
2359::
1838:,
1834:,
989:,
722:.
556:,
538:,
378:,
173:c.
131::
2058:"
2054:"
2049:"
2045:"
2022:"
2018:"
2006:"
2002:"
1842:)
925:"
921:"
884:)
880:(
804:e
797:t
790:v
734:.
713:.
691:.
669:.
645:.
605:.
507:.
455:.
127:(
117:3
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
