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on 26 September 1964. In the meantime, she participated in the training exercise Capex 63 with
British and French warships in July–August 1963. In 1965 the British government decided to reduce Capex to a Weapons Training Period (Sanex) with only RN and SAN units participating, to minimise the
1164:
course that allowed the submarine repeated opportunities to engage the surface ships in lower-intensity exercises while the bulk of the crew rested. The frigates too were using the opportunity to carry out anti-submarine exercises, with each ship given a patrol sector ahead of
1194:
At approximately 04:00, the whole formation had to change direction by 154 degrees, a near complete reversal in direction, to stay within their training area. The frigates had to change direction first to maintain their protective positions ahead of
1064:
had her fire-control system upgraded and her electronics modernized during a refit in 1979–1980. She recommissioned on 15 August and later participated in the 20th anniversary of the republic's founding in May 1981 and exercised with a squadron from the
1261:
and the captain ordered "abandon ship" at 04:32. The exercise was immediately terminated and the other ships present began rescue operations. More ships, both military and civilian, began arriving after dawn, as did aircraft from the
546:
By the mid-1960s, it was obvious that the sonars of the
President class were capable of detecting submarines well outside the range of the Limbo anti-submarine mortars and the South Africans decided to follow the lead of the
978:
and other ships of the SAN all the way from Simon's Town to the Canary
Islands and then back again with the relieving task force. Beginning in November 1975, she patrolled off the Angolan coast during the
1129:
1156:. The high-intensity exercises progressed from 06:00 to 23:00 over several days, with different candidate submarine captains being given an opportunity of executing a mock attack against
1307:
1294:
was appointed shortly afterwards that determined the cause of the collision was of a lack of seamanship by the captain and watch officers of the ship. The
Justice Minister,
2570:
1214:. While the latter turn was smaller and tactically sound, it was more dangerous as it involved turning towards the other two ships. Critically, the inexperienced
1257:
on her port side at 03:55. The impact tore a large hole in her side and killed 13 of the 15 men sleeping near the point of collision. The ship took on a large
1246:
because the high-definition navigation radar was broken and the ship was using the less-precise search radar. The OOW was unable to recover the situation, and
970:. The latter successfully penetrated the screen and "sank" three of the four replenishment ships standing in for merchant ships plus one escorting frigate and
1522:
1222:
rather than the standard 15-degree turn. A 10-degree turn had a larger radius and would take longer to execute than a 15-degree turn, thereby allowing
711:
2118:
1692:
2013:
2008:
1057:
673:
886:
642:
533:
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on 4 July. On 6 July, members of the ship's company paraded through the streets of New York, after which she sailed home to
Simonstown via
1359:
Bennett gives a total of 199 men aboard, but agrees with the 16 men lost. Some of the times given in
Bennett differ from those in du Toit.
2620:
2018:
563:
to a considerable distance from the ships. Therefore, the forward Limbo mortar was removed and its space was plated over to form a small
2600:
1060:
put an end to both the sale of the replacement corvettes, as well as any major refurbishment of the
President-class frigates, although
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2610:
2585:
2051:
2003:
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more time to close on the ship turning in front of her. Shortly after beginning the turn, an argument ensued between the OOW and the
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1302:
into the death of the only crewman whose body was found. The inquest lasted a year and apportioned blame on the captain and PWO.
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in June after a fire destroyed most of the living quarters there. In
September 1967, the 10th Frigate Flotilla, consisting of
1532:
1685:
1042:
584:
2580:
2575:
496:
350:
2615:
1480:
1437:
1412:
695:
1169:. The escorts were expected to patrol their areas in a random fashion 2,000–5,000 yards (1,800–4,600 m) from
2318:
1678:
503:
359:
488:(8,300 km; 5,200 mi) at 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph). Their crew numbered 14 officers and 200
1538:
991:
Having just completed one such patrol in May 1976, the ship was notified that she would be participating in an
389:(SAN) during the 1960s. The ship spent most of her career training and made visits to foreign ports in Africa,
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1847:
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exercised with a pair of Royal Navy frigates and submarines in July–August 1970. At the beginning of 1971,
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helicopter. Two single Bofors guns were positioned on the hangar roof and provisions were made for four
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1283:
1089:
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1000:
992:
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469:
231:
38:
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656:. So she exchanged names with the first Yarrow-built ship which had already been laid down and became
619:
Three
President-class frigates were ordered by the South African Navy in the late 1950s following the
1227:
669:
2037:
980:
406:
2483:
2307:
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1965:
1942:
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1596:
1527:(3rd ed.). Durban, South Africa: Just Done Productions Publishing (published 1 March 2006).
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1263:
930:. Two years later, a small British task force that included the nuclear-powered attack submarine
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756:
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The aging
President-class frigates were earmarked for disposal in 1978, with newer French-built
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1701:
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and other notables. A year later, the ship participated in an arrival ceremony for her sister,
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379:
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1023:. From there, she sailed in a fleet of 53 warships from 22 countries to New York City for the
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2159:
1981:
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This began on 29 January 1968 and was completed on 5 August 1969. A year later, the ship and
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344:
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1990:
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806:
620:
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8:
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1958:
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1784:
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was conducting anti-submarine exercises for the Submarine Officer Commanding Course with
974:. In August 1974, the same task force was returning from the Far East and exercised with
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1937:
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were added amidships and their electronics were upgraded, including the addition of a
16:
President-class Type 12 frigate built in the United Kingdom for the South African Navy
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1528:
1476:
1433:
1408:
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812:
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was actually the second ship to be ordered of the three sisters and was ordered from
506:
916:, the ship participated in Sanex '71 with a pair of British frigates, the submarine
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1518:
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797:
730:
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691:
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353:
25:
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1756:
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1218:(OOW) elected to turn to starboard, and initiated a turn with 10 degrees of
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851:
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774:
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465:
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382:
1298:, subsequently introduced a retrospective change in law to allow him to hold an
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already en route. The frigate stood by and illuminated the freighter with her
637:. The government wanted the first ship to be completed to receive the name of
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1323:
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883:
778:
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in 1980. She sank in 1982 with the loss of 16 lives after colliding with her
410:
409:, conducting patrol operations off the Angolan coast. The ship was placed in
394:
323:
281:
153:
34:
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12.75-inch (324 mm) Mk 32 triple-barrelled anti-submarine torpedo tubes
2407:
2386:
2279:
2148:
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2077:
1024:
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560:
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of 17 ft 6 in (5.33 m). The ships were powered by a pair of
453:
60:
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celebrations, the first South African warship to visit the United States.
726:
638:
600:
588:
580:
564:
477:
269:
81:
480:(56 km/h; 35 mph). They carried 309 long tons (314 t) of
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2203:
1720:
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875:
552:
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398:
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vessels scheduled to replace them. To provide manpower for the French
436:
The President-class ships displaced 2,170 long tons (2,200 t) at
284:(8,300 km; 5,200 mi) at 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph)
2349:
1665:
1211:
1035:
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897:
871:
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763:
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441:
191:
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was tasked to escort the newly commissioned, French-built submarine
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before arriving at Toulon. On the return voyage, the ships visited
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397:. In the late 1960s, she was modernized and equipped to operate a
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107:
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was placed in reserve in early 1977. However, the imposition of
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was paid off shortly afterwards to begin her modernization at
2059:
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529:
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311:
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to apply. About two-thirds of the way through the turn, the
959:
for an unannounced exercise that simulated the defence of a
1562:"Flag-Showing Cruises By South African Warships, 1922–2002"
878:
and Angola before arriving back at Simon's Town on 13 May.
737:
1266:. A total of 177 crewmen of the 193 aboard were rescued.
825:. They arrived back in South Africa on 27 November and
1700:
495:
The Presidents were armed with one twin-gun mount for
452:
of 41 ft 0 in (12.5 m) and a mean deep
721:
refused the offer of a tow, preferring to wait for a
672:
on 20 October 1960 by Margaret Biermann, wife of the
513:, the ships were fitted with Type 162, 170, and 177M
1473:
Three Frigates: The South African Navy Comes of Age
1160:. The rest of the day, the ships followed a narrow
1038:, was the official photographer for this journey.
476:(22,000 kW) which gave a maximum speed of 30
2571:Rothesay-class frigates of the South African Navy
1524:Borderstrike! South Africa into Angola. 1975–1980
2562:
1187:s port side between 10 and 330 degrees and
1475:. Durban, South Africa: Just Done Productions.
1405:South Africa's Fighting Ships: Past and Present
744:departed England on 27 February and arrived in
706:went to the assistance of a disabled Norwegian
2014:List of frigates of the Royal New Zealand Navy
1058:United Nations Security Council Resolution 418
817:. The following month, the flotilla sailed to
660:. She was laid down at the Yarrow shipyard in
220:17 ft 6 in (5.33 m) (deep load)
2045:
1686:
1666:Website dedicated to the SAS President Kruger
1591:
1589:
1587:
1407:. Rivonia, South Africa: Ashanti Publishing.
1073:. Shortly afterwards, the two sisters made a
1007:departed Simon's Town on 3 June, sailing via
643:State President of the South African Republic
581:0.5-inch (12.7 mm) Browning machine guns
571:and the aft superstructure was replaced by a
448:of 370 ft 0 in (112.78 m), a
1511:
963:that was to be "attacked" by the submarine
796:, participated in a Sanex with the British
551:(RN) in giving them the ability to operate
472:. The turbines developed a total of 30,000
2052:
2038:
2019:List of frigates of the South African Navy
1693:
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1553:
614:
2060:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1982
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1273:
2009:List of frigates of the Australian Navy
1657:Photographs of the SAS President Kruger
1595:
1559:
1467:
1399:
1080:
1031:and Las Palmas. The future politician,
2563:
1446:
1206:s options were to turn 200 degrees to
1135:Location off the coast of South Africa
986:
440:and 2,605 long tons (2,647 t) at
2033:
1674:
1611:. Cape Town, South Africa: DefenceWeb
1432:. Shepperton, Surrey, UK: Ian Allan.
1372:
1191:had a station on the starboard side.
1077:cruise along the East African coast.
204:370 ft 0 in (112.78 m)
51:
1140:On the morning of 18 February 1982,
385:built in the United Kingdom for the
854:on 28 January and visited ports in
762:appearance of cooperating with the
631:on 18 September 1957 with the name
13:
2621:Maritime incidents in South Africa
2004:List of frigates of the Royal Navy
773:was sent to the assistance of the
748:on 28 March to be welcomed by the
623:with the RN. The ship that became
504:40-millimetre (1.6 in) Bofors
212:41 ft 0 in (12.5 m)
163:General characteristics (as built)
14:
2632:
2601:Cold War frigates of South Africa
1645:Paintings of SAS President Kruger
1626:
821:on 24 October, to train with the
729:as the crew was taken off by the
607:, the ship retained her original
543:and a Type 978 navigation radar.
517:for the pair of triple-barrelled
2611:Maritime history of South Africa
2586:Shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
2544:
2539:
1930:
1890:
1834:
1713:
1651:
1639:
1230:(PWO) over the proper amount of
1116:
1102:
1095:
1088:
555:that could carry anti-submarine
484:that gave them a range of 4,500
190:2,605 long tons (2,647 t) (
183:2,170 long tons (2,200 t) (
53:
24:
717:on 5 February 1963. The ship's
502:forward and one twin mount for
360:40 mm (1.6 in) Bofors
2591:Ships built on the River Clyde
1489:
1421:
1353:
668:on 6 April 1959. The ship was
497:QF 4.5-inch (114 mm) Mk V
468:, using steam provided by two
431:
1:
1430:Royal Navy Frigates 1945–1983
789:, and the newly commissioned
1366:
1335:SAS President Kruger sinking
1269:
923:and the replenishment oiler
896:on 24 June and acted as the
766:government of South Africa.
524:. They were equipped with a
470:Babcock & Wilcox boilers
232:Babcock & Wilcox boilers
152:Sunk after a collision with
7:
1560:Wessels, André (May 2012).
831:Simon's Town Naval Dockyard
647:Alexander Stephens and Sons
405:played a minor role in the
272:(56 km/h; 35 mph)
10:
2637:
2581:Maritime incidents in 1982
2576:Shipwrecks of South Africa
1705:-class (Type 12M) frigates
1284:South African Naval Museum
1029:Charleston, South Carolina
1001:United States Bicentennial
993:International Naval Review
654:laying of that ship's keel
39:United States Bicentennial
2534:
2377:
2348:December (unknown date):
2065:
1999:
1976:
1928:
1888:
1832:
1802:
1728:
1711:
1650:
1638:
1633:
1228:principal warfare officer
1210:, or 154 degrees to
428:, in the South Atlantic.
328:Type 978 navigation radar
310:Type 293Q surface-search
162:
46:
23:
2616:Ships sunk in collisions
1346:
1238:lost radar contact with
981:South African Border War
603:who were upgraded after
567:. The Bofors mount, its
536:and 275 gunnery radars,
407:South African Border War
1264:South African Air Force
908:in July. Together with
694:in command. During her
687:on 3 October 1962 with
615:Construction and career
378:was the first of three
172:President-class frigate
37:in July 1976 after the
1898:Royal New Zealand Navy
1428:Marriott, Leo (1983).
1287:
645:, and a strike at the
522:anti-submarine mortars
351:4.5-inch (114 mm)
345:anti-submarine mortars
319:and 275 gunnery radars
1842:Royal Australian Navy
1277:
583:. A pair of American
2596:1982 in South Africa
1603:SAS President Kruger
1216:officer of the watch
1199:on the new heading.
1081:Accident and sinking
1052:under construction,
621:Simonstown Agreement
541:height-finding radar
401:. In the mid-1970s,
324:height-finding radar
304:Type 162, 170, 177M
2217:Isla de los Estados
2078:Akebono Maru No. 28
1967:President Pretorius
1507:. London: 74. 1961.
1319: /
1189:President Pretorius
1146:President Pretorius
1071:President Pretorius
987:United States visit
900:for the Lipton Cup
882:towed the disabled
838:President Pretorius
791:replenishment oiler
783:President Pretorius
758:President Pretorius
750:Minister of Defence
674:Navy Chief of Staff
629:Yarrow Shipbuilders
609:fire-control system
593:early-warning radar
511:anti-submarine work
464:, each driving one
419:replenishment oiler
100:Yarrow Shipbuilders
2506:Speedlink Vanguard
1938:South African Navy
1566:South African Navy
1497:"The Naval Review"
1288:
1044:D'Estienne d'Orves
937:was reinforced by
910:Maria van Riebeeck
847:Maria van Riebeeck
811:and the submarine
507:anti-aircraft guns
387:South African Navy
299:processing systems
158:, 18 February 1982
2556:
2555:
2486:Bahía Buen Suceso
2310:Bahía Buen Suceso
2260:Atlantic Conveyor
2027:
2026:
1945:
1850:
1828:
1827:
1662:
1661:
1601:"The Loss of the
1541:on 6 October 2014
1534:978-1-920169-00-8
1519:Steenkamp, Willem
1324:35.250°S 17.350°E
1180:s station was on
1067:Republic of China
1021:Norfolk, Virginia
856:Portuguese Angola
500:dual-purpose guns
413:in 1977, but was
370:
369:
91:18 September 1957
2628:
2548:
2543:
2527:
2509:
2499:
2489:
2478:
2467:
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2413:
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2341:European Gateway
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2313:
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2231:
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2209:
2198:
2187:
2184:General Belgrano
2176:
2165:
2154:
2143:
2133:
2123:
2113:
2110:President Kruger
2102:
2099:Mekhanik Tarasov
2091:
2081:
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2047:
2040:
2031:
2030:
1953:President Kruger
1941:
1936:
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1568:. Archived from
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1548:
1546:
1537:. Archived from
1515:
1509:
1508:
1501:The Naval Review
1493:
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1292:board of inquiry
1280:President Kruger
1255:President Kruger
1252:
1205:
1201:President Kruger
1186:
1179:
1175:President Kruger
1142:President Kruger
1131:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1113:
1106:
1105:
1099:
1092:
1075:showing the flag
1069:, together with
1062:President Kruger
1054:President Kruger
1005:President Kruger
976:President Kruger
952:Jan van Riebeeck
939:President Kruger
880:President Kruger
842:President Kruger
827:President Kruger
798:aircraft carrier
787:President Kruger
771:President Kruger
742:President Kruger
731:Saint Peter Port
704:President Kruger
692:M.R. Terry-Lloyd
658:President Kruger
625:President Kruger
605:President Kruger
474:shaft horsepower
458:English Electric
403:President Kruger
383:Type 12 frigates
375:President Kruger
354:dual-purpose gun
240:(22,000 kW)
72:President Kruger
63:
58:
57:
56:
31:President Kruger
28:
21:
20:
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2378:Other incidents
2373:
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1995:
1972:
1960:President Steyn
1943:President class
1940:
1931:
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1634:External images
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1599:(11 May 2009).
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1329:-35.250; 17.350
1328:
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1322:
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1318:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1305:
1272:
1253:s bow impacted
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1236:operations room
1203:
1184:
1177:
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1128:
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1123:
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1117:
1114:
1111:
1109:
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1103:
1100:
1093:
1083:
999:as part of the
989:
943:President Steyn
850:. She departed
775:weather station
700:HMNB Portsmouth
634:President Steyn
617:
528:surface-search
466:propeller shaft
434:
380:President-class
298:
225:Installed power
117:20 October 1960
59:
54:
52:
42:
17:
12:
11:
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1627:External links
1625:
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1609:defenceweb.com
1597:Bennett, Chris
1583:
1572:on 28 May 2019
1552:
1533:
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1469:Bennett, Chris
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1401:Du Toit, Allan
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967:Emily Hobhouse
860:Canary Islands
823:Argentine Navy
805:, the frigate
769:In June 1966,
616:
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486:nautical miles
462:steam turbines
446:overall length
444:. They had an
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415:recommissioned
391:Western Europe
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1278:Model of SAS
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681:Hugo Biermann
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599:. Unlike her
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2088:Ocean Ranger
2086:
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1991:Tribal class
1982:
1966:
1959:
1952:
1951:
1918:
1911:
1906:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1857:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1792:
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1778:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1750:
1743:
1736:
1702:
1613:. Retrieved
1608:
1602:
1574:. Retrieved
1570:the original
1555:
1543:. Retrieved
1539:the original
1523:
1513:
1504:
1500:
1491:
1472:
1429:
1423:
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1070:
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1025:Naval Review
1004:
990:
975:
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894:Danger Point
888:
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852:Simon's Town
846:
841:
837:
835:
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807:
801:
793:
786:
782:
770:
768:
757:
753:J. J. Fouché
741:
713:
703:
685:commissioned
678:Rear-Admiral
657:
652:delayed the
641:, the first
632:
624:
618:
604:
601:sister ships
545:
494:
435:
424:
402:
374:
372:
371:
297:Sensors and
236:30,000
178:Displacement
154:
122:Commissioned
71:
61:South Africa
41:celebrations
30:
18:
2289:Porterfield
2271:Sir Galahad
2130:Craigantlet
1848:River class
1744:Londonderry
1615:18 November
1327: /
972:Dreadnought
934:Dreadnought
727:searchlight
639:Paul Kruger
595:atop a new
589:Thomson-CSF
565:flight deck
553:helicopters
519:Mk 10 Limbo
432:Description
340:2 × triple
280:4,500
255:2 × geared
141:Nickname(s)
82:Paul Kruger
2606:1960 ships
2565:Categories
2443:Broadsword
2067:Shipwrecks
1865:Parramatta
1721:Royal Navy
1576:8 November
1545:14 October
1333: (
1124:Wreck Site
1017:Las Palmas
1009:Walvis Bay
876:Cape Verde
698:period at
696:working up
549:Royal Navy
399:helicopter
322:Type 277Q
289:Complement
252:2 × shafts
247:Propulsion
2522:HMS
2515:HMS
2496:Armorique
2484:ARA
2475:Glamorgan
2473:HMS
2462:RFA
2441:HMS
2430:HMS
2419:ARA
2408:ARA
2397:USS
2388:Vortigern
2329:USS
2308:ARA
2287:USS
2280:USS
2269:RFA
2248:HMS
2237:HMS
2226:HMS
2215:ARA
2204:ARA
2195:Sheffield
2193:HMS
2182:ARA
2171:ARA
2160:USS
2149:USS
2120:St. Bedan
2108:SAS
1803:Cancelled
1793:Lowestoft
1729:Completed
1521:(2006) .
1367:Citations
1270:Aftermath
1248:Tafelberg
1240:Tafelberg
1224:Tafelberg
1212:starboard
1197:Tafelberg
1182:Tafelberg
1171:Tafelberg
1167:Tafelberg
1158:Tafelberg
1154:Tafelberg
1050:corvettes
1036:Tony Leon
965:SAS
957:Tafelberg
950:SAS
947:destroyer
932:HMS
927:Tidesurge
918:HMS
914:Tafelberg
898:guardship
892:clear of
872:Gibraltar
819:Argentina
808:Loch Fada
794:Tafelberg
764:apartheid
746:Cape Town
708:freighter
662:Scotstoun
557:torpedoes
538:Type 277Q
526:Type 293Q
442:deep load
425:Tafelberg
423:SAS
358:1 × twin
349:1 × twin
192:deep load
155:Tafelberg
104:Scotstoun
2503:19 Dec:
2493:18 Sep:
2482:15 Jun:
2471:12 Jun:
2453:Bowbelle
2450:26 May:
2439:25 May:
2432:Argonaut
2428:21 May:
2410:Guerrico
2395:22 Mar:
2367:Temehani
2338:19 Dec:
2327:25 Oct:
2317:24 Oct:
2306:21 Oct:
2296:16 Oct:
2282:Agerholm
2278:18 Jul:
2267:21 Jun:
2257:30 May:
2250:Coventry
2246:25 May:
2239:Antelope
2235:24 May:
2224:22 May:
2213:11 May:
2202:10 May:
2173:Santa Fe
2169:26 Apr:
2162:Robinson
2158:13 Apr:
2151:Basilone
2137:11 Mar:
2127:26 Feb:
2117:23 Feb:
2106:18 Feb:
2097:MV
2095:16 Feb:
2085:15 Feb:
1919:Taranaki
1912:Hastings
1846:Part of
1820:Hastings
1810:Weymouth
1786:Falmouth
1772:Brighton
1765:Plymouth
1751:Yarmouth
1737:Rothesay
1703:Rothesay
1471:(2006).
1403:(1992).
1290:A naval
1112:200miles
889:Simfonia
887:MV
864:Portugal
734:lifeboat
712:SS
670:launched
650:shipyard
597:mainmast
591:Jupiter
569:director
534:Type 262
482:fuel oil
393:and the
335:Armament
317:Type 262
114:Launched
78:Namesake
33:leaving
2524:Valiant
2460:8 Jun:
2417:3 May:
2406:6 Apr:
2385:4 Mar:
2191:4 May:
2180:2 May:
2147:9 Apr:
2075:5 Jan:
1983:Leopard
1879:Derwent
1779:Berwick
1314:17°21′E
1311:35°15′S
1300:inquest
1282:at the
1244:clutter
1242:in the
1162:zig-zag
1013:Abidjan
902:regatta
736:of the
723:tugboat
719:captain
689:Captain
666:Glasgow
490:ratings
460:geared
454:draught
411:reserve
217:Draught
108:Glasgow
96:Builder
88:Ordered
47:History
2351:Unirea
2331:Savage
2228:Ardent
2206:Narwal
1935:
1895:
1872:Stuart
1839:
1718:
1531:
1479:
1436:
1411:
1220:rudder
1046:-class
961:convoy
955:, and
945:, the
920:Oberon
906:Durban
884:tanker
866:, and
858:, the
814:Ambush
683:, and
575:for a
573:hangar
515:sonars
509:. For
363:AA gun
306:sonars
201:Length
136:: F150
2140:Ranga
1985:class
1907:Otago
1858:Yarra
1815:Fowey
1347:Notes
1251:'
1232:wheel
1204:'
1185:'
1178:'
1110:300km
868:Italy
802:Eagle
530:radar
478:knots
342:Limbo
312:radar
277:Range
270:knots
265:Speed
2550:1983
2537:1981
2517:Onyx
2361:Mahi
2320:Poet
1910:(ex-
1758:Rhyl
1617:2016
1578:2016
1547:2014
1529:ISBN
1477:ISBN
1434:ISBN
1409:ISBN
1259:list
1208:port
1152:and
1015:and
925:RFA
912:and
904:off
738:RNLI
450:beam
373:SAS
209:Beam
149:Fate
144:'PK'
68:Name
1019:to
995:in
777:at
559:or
292:214
282:nmi
268:30
238:shp
2567::
2520:,
2364:,
2285:,
1607:.
1586:^
1564:.
1505:49
1503:.
1499:.
1448:^
1374:^
1173:.
1148:,
1011:,
983:.
941:,
874:,
862:,
833:.
785:,
740:.
710:,
702:,
676:,
664:,
611:.
532:,
492:.
421:,
230:2
106:,
102:,
2053:e
2046:t
2039:v
1914:)
1694:e
1687:t
1680:v
1619:.
1605:"
1580:.
1549:.
1485:.
1442:.
1417:.
1337:)
194:)
187:)
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