1802:
26:
785:
1631:
1401:
3359:
134:
3244:
50:
3326:
539:
2025:
3896:
3879:
3891:
3871:
3295:
1162:
2032:
600:
738:, four on either side, and two were side by side aft. The guns had a maximum elevation of 30 degrees, which allowed them to engage targets out to 12,700 m (13,900 yd). They were supplied with 1,800 rounds of ammunition, for 150 shells per gun. By 1917, the 10.5 cm guns were replaced with eight
1813:
The ship did not return to service until
February 1916, and the opportunity was taken to replace two of her 10.5 cm guns with 15 cm pieces. On 27 February, she was used to quickly transport 71 officers and men of a machine-gun company and a significant stock of supplies and munitions to
2283:
Halpern is probably using German sources for this period, but the
Turkish sources used by Langensiepen & Güleryüz provide a slightly different account. They refer to carrying troops to Trebizond and oil to Sinope on 27 February with no mention of any encounter with Russian destroyers.
770:
and a curved armor deck. The deck was flat across most of the hull, but angled downward at the sides and connected to the bottom edge of the belt. The belt and deck were both 60 mm (2.4 in) thick. The conning tower had 100 mm (3.9 in) thick sides.
2219:
s crew were killed in her sinking, though the number of survivors differ. According to
Langensiepen & Güleryüz, 162 survivors were rescued by British destroyers, but Hildebrand, Röhr, and Steinmetz state that only 133 men were rescued from the ship.
1348:
shortly before they were completed at
British shipyards. The supposed sale was simply a ruse, as only a small number of Ottoman naval personnel came aboard the ships, and on 23 September, Souchon accepted an offer to command the Ottoman fleet.
2169:, who had replaced Souchon the previous September. Rebeur-Paschwitz's intention was to draw Allied naval forces away from Palestine in support of Ottoman forces there. Outside the straits, in the course of what became known as the
511:
off the
Russian coast, bombarding Russian ports and installations and, because of a shortage of Ottoman merchant ships, transporting troops and supplies to the Black Sea ports supplying Ottoman troops fighting in the
1457:
laid sixty mines in the Strait, which later claimed two
Russian merchant ships, and then joined the other ship in bombarding Novorossisk. They set the port's oil tanks on fire, damaged seven merchant ships, and sank
1540:
without effect before
Souchon ordered the Ottoman ships to disengage shortly afterward. The cruiser spent the rest of the month escorting shipping to Trebizond. On 5 December, she escorted a small raiding party to
1381:. The British did not accept the sale of the ships to the Ottoman Empire and stationed a blockading force outside the Dardanelles with orders to attack the ships if they appeared, regardless of the flag they flew.
2247:
was built with only three funnels, with the fourth added after trials. Gröner does not support this, with a line-drawing showing of the ship as built, with four funnels, nor is it mentioned in
Campbell &
1832:
evaded the
Russians and reached Trebizond. On 2 March, she attempted to attack a pair of destroyers north of Zonguldak, but she was unable to catch them. The ship then returned to the Bosporus. On 11 March,
2339:
Langensiepen & Güleryüz only describe an unsuccessful search for a pair of
Russian destroyers that had destroyed a Ottoman convoy on 31 October and make no mention of an attempted Russian interception.
1468: (GRT). Although the damage inflicted on the Russians was relatively light, it forced the Russians to declare war on the Ottoman Empire, bringing the country into the war on the side of Germany.
2120:
s 15 cm guns drove her off. The cruiser managed to reach port without damage; this was the last engagement of the war between the former German warships and the Russian fleet. On 1 November,
1846:
A third supply operation followed on 3 April, when the ship brought 107 men, 5,000 rifles, and 794 cases of ammunition to Trebizond. After making the delivery, the ship met the
567:, which were faster than all existing German light cruisers. As a result, speed of the new ships must be increased. To accomplish this, more powerful engines were fitted and their
1815:
1793:
and an inspection revealed that she was not badly damaged. Hampered by a shortage of trained personnel and material, however, the ship's repairs took quite a long time.
1742:
1057:
contributed 100 men to the occupation force. The Powers agreed to place Klitzing in the role of civil commissioner over the interim government. The crew aboard
3221:
1085:
helped to suppress a major fire in the French embassy in the city, and then assist with cleanup of the flood damage. After getting underway again in late October,
1839:
made another run, this time carrying 211 soldiers and twelve barrels of fuel and lubricating oil, which were successfully landed on the 13th. She then stopped in
1384:
Over the following month, the German and Ottoman governments negotiated the terms of the agreement that would bring the Ottomans into the war on the side of the
884:
483:. The two ships, along with several other Ottoman vessels, raided Russian ports in October 1914, prompting a Russian declaration of war. The ships were renamed
3970:
1785:
struck a mine on 18 July as she sailed from Constantinople to escort a merchant ship through the minefields defending the capital. The explosion under No. 4
2001:
to break contact with her Russian pursuers, and she reached the Bosporus early the following morning. By the end of 1916, a severe coal shortage prevented
2188:
which were at anchor and unsupported by the pre-dreadnoughts that should have been guarding them. Rebeur-Paschwitz then decided to proceed to the port of
1089:
initially cruised in the eastern Mediterranean, and then in early January 1914, she returned to the mouth of the Bojana. From there, she steamed north to
3975:
1890:
1843:, where she picked up 30 t (30 long tons; 33 short tons) of flour, one ton of maize, and 30 tons of coal, before returning to the Bosporus.
1814:
Trebizond, which was then under heavy pressure from the Russian army. While en route on the night of the 28th, she encountered the Russian destroyers
3990:
3449:
1962:
for the return to the Bosporus, during which the two ships evaded strong Russian forces attempting to intercept them. Later that month, on 21 July,
1995:
s heavy guns. Several near misses rained shell splinters on the deck and wounded several men. Heavy use of smoke screens and a rain squall allowed
1622:
before moving ahead of the Russian fleet to monitor their progress. Ottoman coastal guns forced the remaining blockships to scuttle in deep water.
1069:
embarked on 30 June. She took them to the mouth of the Bojana and exchanged the soldiers for her landing party on 6 July. The ship remained in the
1862:
906:
The ship's stint in the main fleet's reconnaissance force was to be short-lived; already on 3 November, she was ordered to join the battlecruiser
719:
carried 1,200 t (1,181 long tons) of coal, and an additional 106 t (104 long tons) of oil that gave her a range of approximately 5,820
1801:
3214:
1392:, ordered the fleet to mobilize and prepare for offensive operations against Russia. There would be no declaration of war first, however.
1437:, ostensibly to conduct maneuvers. Instead, the fleet split into four groups to attack Russian bases on the other side of the Black Sea;
3126:
McLaughlin, Stephen (2001). "Predreadnoughts vs a Dreadnought: The Action off Cape Sarych, 18 November 1914". In Preston, Antony (ed.).
2126:
left the Bosporus to conduct a sweep for Russian warships. The Russians observed the departure and attempted to attack the cruiser with
2133:
1713:, conducted a sweep to attack Russian transports on 6 May, but found no targets. Later that month, detachments of naval infantry from
1079:
remained in Constantinople from mid-August until 27 October. During this period of rest, her crew and that of the German station ship
1061:
was having difficulty keeping the ship operational with their reduced number, and so Germany sent the so-called Scutari Detachment to
1134:
1946:
sortied to support the Ottoman counterattack at Trebizond, which broke the Russian lines and advanced some 20 km (12 mi).
3965:
1053:
and then move overland to Scutari. The landing parties were to take temporary control with a provisional international government.
1049:. After the Montenegrin government withdrew from the city, the international force sent landing parties ashore at the mouth of the
1986:
quickly turned back south. Her stern 15 cm gun kept Russian destroyers at bay, but the ship only slowly drew out of range of
3207:
999:
3955:
2064:
1969:
1753:
with a hit in her starboard engine compartment that broke the main steam line to the engines, but was forced to turn away when
2299:
Langensiepen & Güleryüz also give a different account of this affair. They date the resupply mission to 18 April and that
3442:
3173:
3154:
3116:
3076:
3053:
3034:
3015:
2993:
2971:
2950:
2931:
1328:, under escort of an Ottoman torpedo boat. To circumvent neutrality requirements, Germany transferred the two ships to the
3985:
3899:
3895:
3890:
3886:
1821:
3464:
1529:
1125:. After the situation calmed, the Germans left behind a detachment of ten men to guard the German embassy. From there,
991:
25:
1477:
was operating in the eastern Black Sea and covering Ottoman transports, she was detached to shell the Russian port of
3950:
3416:
3135:
1649:
conducted a series of sorties against the Russians in early 1915, including an operation in concert with the cruiser
1789:
killed eight crewmen and she was flooded with over 600 t (590 long tons) of water. The ship made it to port at
1223:
to replenish his coal stocks. Although the British were not yet at war with Germany, the two British battlecruisers
596:, which was necessitated by the adoption of more powerful 6-inch (150 mm) guns in the latest British cruisers.
3911:
3435:
1022:
784:
697:), but reached 33,482 shp (24,968 kW) in service. These were powered by sixteen coal-fired Marine-type
520:
in 1915, which kept her out of service for half of a year. The ship was sunk by mines in January 1918 during the
495:, respectively, and saw extensive service with the Ottoman fleet, primarily in the Black Sea against the Russian
2024:
742:, one fore and aft and three on each broadside. She was also equipped with a pair of 50 cm (19.7 in)
558:
1630:
3995:
1266:
734:
in single pedestal mounts. Two were placed side by side forward on the forecastle, eight were located on the
1400:
1133:
on 8 July. Souchon gave instructions to both vessels' crews in the event that the tensions created over the
932:. The German Navy decided it needed a permanent naval presence in the Mediterranean in the aftermath of the
571:
were lengthened to improve their hydrodynamic efficiency. These changes increased top speed from 25.5 to 27
3980:
2919:
2040:
1535:
3086:
Hownam-Meek, R. S. S.; et al. (2000). "Question 3/99: The Loss of the German Light Cruiser Breslau".
2960:
Campbell, N. J. M. & Sieche, Erwin (1986). "Germany". In Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal (eds.).
2166:
1269:
516:. She was lightly damaged several times by Russian ships, but the most serious damage was inflicted by a
1968:
attempted to lay a minefield off Novorossisk, but Russian wireless interception allowed the dreadnought
1931:
transported more troops to Sinope and Samsun on 30 May, returning with grain and tobacco as deck cargo.
3882:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3755:
1662:
1122:
3065:
Die Deutschen Kriegsschiffe: Biographien – ein Spiegel der Marinegeschichte von 1815 bis zur Gegenwart
1332:
on 16 August, and officially the Ottomans purchased the two ships as replacement for the battleships
1093:, Austria-Hungary, where she underwent an overhaul that lasted until 18 March. She thereafter joined
731:
356:
3427:
1736:
1695:
struck a mine and sank off Odessa. The Russian fleet attempted to intercept the Ottoman force, but
1690:
1650:
1231:
875:
and then for the Kaiser's annual summer cruise to Norwegian waters. The ship's first commander was
2315:
by herself. She encountered the Russian dreadnought on 19 April while returning from this mission.
2093:
was spotted by the Russian fleet, which attempted to cut her off from the safety of the Bosporus.
891:
return to her initial testing, which were interrupted again by the annual autumn maneuvers of the
3767:
3400:
3230:
2170:
1199:
to France. On 3 August 1914, Souchon's two ships were steaming off Algeria; shortly after 06:00,
551:
533:
521:
414:
198:
4000:
3620:
1887:
1465:
1262:
1224:
1145:
returned to Durazzo to pick up the ten men who had been left at the embassy. She then rejoined
1073:
until 6 August, when she departed to return to Constantinople, arriving there four days later.
1018:
915:
649:
450:
230:
2210:
hit three mines as well and was forced to beach to avoid sinking. Three hundred and thirty of
3801:
3512:
3391:
1542:
1510:
1287:
705:
that was sprayed on the coal to increase its burn rate. The boilers were vented through four
689:
driving four 2.47-meter (8 ft 1 in) propellers. They were designed to give 25,000
576:
2961:
1956:
on 4 July and destroyed another that had been torpedoed the previous day. She then rejoined
1219:. The attacks caused minimal damage, however, and Souchon quickly broke off and returned to
3794:
3249:
2193:
1339:
1273:
682:
613:
609:
583:
424:
8:
3960:
3851:
3783:
3748:
3580:
3069:
The German Warships: Biographies − A Reflection of Naval History from 1815 to the Present
1481:
in retaliation for Russian attacks on Ottoman shipping. On 17 November, she sortied with
1050:
1026:
957:
637:
216:
1655:
in January, during which they inadvertently came into contact with the Black Sea Fleet.
878:
690:
276:
3652:
3610:
3601:
3189:
1786:
1726:
1560:
1080:
1007:
844:
944:
on 5 November, steaming at top speed for the eastern Mediterranean. After arriving in
3776:
3669:
3589:
3481:
3169:
3150:
3131:
3112:
3095:
3072:
3049:
3030:
3011:
2989:
2967:
2946:
2927:
2174:
1850:
1277:
966:
860:
751:
735:
698:
568:
513:
270:
3149:. East European Monographs. Vol. CCCXLIII. Boulder: East European Monographs.
1042:
854:
538:
2324:
Langensiepen & Güleryüz date the minelaying to 23 June and the encounter with
1582:, and in the darkness the following morning she encountered the Russian transport
1236:
shadowed the German ships while en route to Messina. After partially replenishing
586:
was adopted for the first time in a major German warship design. In addition, the
3519:
2060:
1918:
1488:
1444:
1038:
929:
892:
713:. These gave the ship a top speed of 27.5 knots (50.9 km/h; 31.6 mph).
629:
496:
3003:
2490:
1173:
3641:
3273:
2543:
2541:
2454:
1246:
1196:
1046:
983:
979:
832:
665:
657:
625:
476:
460:
296:
139:
123:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2257:
1905:
several times, though she was not damaged. In early May, the cruiser laid two
1101:
on the Kaiser's Mediterranean cruise; the three vessels steamed together from
3944:
3926:
3913:
3280:
3259:
3099:
2261:
1910:
1579:
1385:
1377:; their German crews remained with the ships and donned Ottoman uniforms and
949:
941:
923:
739:
720:
706:
686:
661:
564:
428:
394:
327:
55:
2897:
2538:
2290:
is abandoned due to bad weather and the cruiser returns to base on 2 March."
1902:
1549:, that was intended to attack railroad installations. On the return voyage,
794:
3491:
3364:
3331:
3199:
2981:
2379:
2265:
2063:
and captured 11 prisoners. The minefield she laid later sank the destroyer
1914:
1689:
provided the covering force for the attack, which failed after the cruiser
1388:. By 22 October, the situation was resolved, and the Ottoman war minister,
1329:
1321:
1150:
1070:
1034:
1014:
743:
727:
633:
368:
1980:
off from the Bosporus. The two ships encountered each other at 13:05, and
3300:
1502:
1448:
1389:
1325:
1180:
1138:
933:
840:
820:
723:(10,780 km; 6,700 mi) at 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph).
669:
572:
480:
456:
388:
315:
3010:. Vol. I: Major Surface Vessels. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
2945:(2nd, revised and expanded ed.). Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
2755:
2753:
2751:
2582:
2580:
2198:
was raising steam to attack the Ottoman ships. While en route to Mudros
3827:
3811:
3572:
2177:
1922:
1673:
On 3 April, the Ottoman fleet sortied to attack Russian transports off
1556:
1546:
1345:
994:, the Kaiser's son-in-law, came aboard. From there, the ship sailed to
969:
945:
907:
848:
767:
755:
653:
593:
517:
442:
382:
362:
330:(10,780 km; 6,700 mi) at 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph)
1790:
3474:
3457:
3063:
Hildebrand, Hans H.; Röhr, Albert & Steinmetz, Hans-Otto (1993).
2885:
2825:
2801:
2748:
2724:
2700:
2640:
2577:
2352:
1906:
1619:
1615:
1589:
1434:
1378:
1161:
1117:, Albania, on 20 June in response to domestic unrest in the country.
960:
868:
824:
814:
710:
508:
479:
in August 1914, to entice the Ottomans to join the Central Powers in
302:
2423:
3726:
3719:
3676:
3634:
3548:
3501:
1765:
was hit by gunfire seven times herself with only slight damage and
1430:
1333:
1317:
987:
702:
694:
645:
575:(47.2 to 50.0 km/h; 29.3 to 31.1 mph) over the preceding
280:
224:
2413:
2411:
3820:
3712:
3705:
3694:
3662:
3627:
3559:
3541:
2183:
1492:
1220:
1114:
1090:
1003:
872:
836:
828:
747:
432:
420:
204:
163:
79:
2873:
1206:
3844:
3837:
3687:
3530:
3094:(1). Toledo: International Naval Research Organization: 92–95.
2943:
Big Gun Monitors: Design, Construction and Operations 1914–1945
2408:
2284:
Furthermore, "A planned expedition along the Caucasus coast by
2189:
2056:
1883:
1847:
1840:
1674:
1506:
1487:, under the command of Souchon, in an attempt to intercept the
1362:
1216:
1110:
1102:
809:
459:. After evading British warships in the Mediterranean to reach
182:
599:
3062:
2903:
2861:
2547:
2496:
2460:
2390:
1953:
1195:
were to interdict French transports transferring troops from
995:
864:
843:
work commenced and lasted until mid-1912. On 10 May, she was
641:
220:
978:
then sailed on to visit a series of ports in Greece and the
835:
ceremony on 16 May 1911, she was christened by the mayor of
557:
were designed in response to the development of the British
1478:
1062:
1747:
off Zonguldak. In a brief firefight, the cruiser crippled
3071:] (in German). Vol. 2. Ratingen: Mundus Verlag.
2628:
1670:
s main battery turret before the Ottoman ships withdrew.
3193:
3147:
North of Gallipoli: The Black Sea Fleet at War 1914–1917
2553:
1974:
and several destroyers to leave port and attempt to cut
1909:, each of 60 mines. The first of these was laid off the
1882:
then turned north and sank a Russian sailing vessel off
1707:
were able to escape undamaged. The two ships, joined by
664:
located on the forecastle. She was fitted with two pole
3106:
2891:
2831:
2807:
2759:
2730:
2706:
2646:
2586:
2369:
2367:
2165:
left the Dardanelles under the command of Vice Admiral
648:) normally and up to 5,281 t (5,198 long tons) at
2777:
2765:
2736:
2664:
2712:
2059:; while there, she destroyed the wireless station on
1002:, the Kaiser's brother. She then carried both men to
2514:
2502:
2364:
1528:
s rear, but she was engaged by the pre-dreadnoughts
1113:. The ship returned to the Adriatic and anchored at
2980:
2966:. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 134–189.
2849:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2358:
1109:then departed to return to her patrol area off the
3130:. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 117–40.
3107:Langensiepen, Bernd & Güleryüz, Ahmet (1995).
3046:"Luxury" Fleet: The Imperial German Navy 1888–1918
2837:
2813:
2789:
2676:
2652:
2616:
2592:
1771:was towed back to Sevastopol the following day by
1588:, which was intended to be sunk as a blockship in
636:of 4.4 m (14 ft 5 in) forward. She
524:, with the loss of the vast majority of her crew.
3458:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in January 1918
2963:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921
2959:
2879:
2688:
2604:
2565:
2526:
2478:
2429:
2417:
1725:were landed to assist in the defense against the
3942:
2466:
2435:
2396:
2241:According to Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz,
1921:in the Crimea. On the second trip she bombarded
1443:and another cruiser were tasked with mining the
1292:before Troubridge broke off the attack, fearing
1025:and allow the city to fall under the control of
986:. By 25 March 1913, the ship had sailed west to
982:, ultimately arriving in the Ottoman capital at
678:had a crew of 18 officers and 336 enlisted men.
3168:. Bennington: World War II Historical Society.
3085:
2926:. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military Classics.
2867:
2192:; there the British pre-dreadnought battleship
2173:, the two Ottoman ships surprised and sank the
920:(Mediterranean Division), under the command of
681:Her propulsion system consisted of two sets of
427:, built in the early 1910s and named after the
2150:before she slipped back into port that night.
1286:briefly exchanged fire with the light cruiser
1245:s coal on the 5th, Souchon arranged to meet a
1129:steamed to Corfu, where she rendezvoused with
750:; the tubes were submerged in the hull on the
3443:
3215:
2325:
2310:
2304:
2285:
2211:
2205:
2199:
2160:
2154:
2145:
2139:
2127:
2121:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2094:
2088:
2082:
2076:
2070:
2050:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1987:
1981:
1975:
1963:
1957:
1947:
1941:
1935:
1926:
1896:
1877:
1856:
1834:
1827:
1780:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1754:
1748:
1730:
1720:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1696:
1684:
1678:
1656:
1644:
1635:
1605:
1599:
1593:
1583:
1573:
1567:
1550:
1520:
1514:
1496:
1482:
1472:
1459:
1452:
1438:
1424:
1410:
1372:
1356:
1037:that included warships from Britain, France,
895:, held from 12 to 20 September, during which
490:
484:
150:
3971:Magdeburg-class cruisers of the Ottoman Navy
3229:
2269:
2242:
1404:
1366:
1350:
1344:, which had been confiscated by the British
1311:
1305:
1293:
1281:
1256:
1250:
1237:
1210:
1200:
1190:
1184:
921:
913:
899:escorted Wilhlem II again. On 26 September,
876:
852:
839:, the ship's namesake. After her launching,
807:
801:
788:
761:
714:
673:
632:of 13.5 m (44 ft 3 in) and a
619:
603:
587:
502:
470:
464:
455:(Mediterranean Division) in response to the
448:
436:
407:
66:
31:
2087:, raided the Bosporus. Returning to port,
1618:the ship. She then briefly engaged Russian
1604:but was forced to turn away after spotting
1429:and the rest of the Ottoman fleet left the
1033:joined an international naval force in the
3976:World War I cruisers of the Ottoman Empire
3450:
3436:
3222:
3208:
1610:. She then encountered another blockship,
1509:in poor visibility at short range. In the
1261:left port the following morning bound for
1137:led to war in Europe. On 1 August, as the
701:, although they were later altered to use
1301:s powerful 28 cm (11 in) guns.
1135:assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
1010:, who had been assassinated on 18 March.
624:was 138.7 meters (455 ft 1 in)
18:Light cruiser of the German Imperial Navy
3991:World War I shipwrecks in the Aegean Sea
1855:and proceeded to attack Russian forces.
1800:
1629:
1399:
1160:
783:
598:
537:
2204:struck a total of five mines and sank;
732:10.5 cm (4.1 in) SK L/45 guns
357:10.5 cm (4.1 in) SK L/45 guns
3943:
3125:
2634:
2144:prevented the force from intercepting
2075:was at sea, a Russian force including
2055:laid a minefield off the mouth of the
2013:from conducting offensive operations.
1324:, and two days later they entered the
3431:
3203:
2099:raced toward port, while salvos from
1869:on fire, which was then destroyed by
806:was ordered under the contract name "
740:15 cm (5.9 in) SK L/45 guns
130:
46:
3144:
3029:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
2988:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
2924:Naval Battles of the First World War
2718:
2598:
243:138.7 m (455 ft 1 in)
3163:
3024:
2918:
2843:
2819:
2795:
2783:
2771:
2742:
2682:
2670:
2658:
2622:
2610:
2571:
2559:
2532:
2520:
2508:
2484:
2472:
2303:was heavily damaged, but survived.
2031:
1735:encountered the Russian destroyers
1423:On the evening of 27 October 1914,
1021:to force the government to end the
903:was assigned to the Scouting Unit.
851:, which were interrupted to escort
592:s were the first cruisers to carry
13:
3043:
3002:
2940:
2855:
2694:
2448:
2402:
2373:
1395:
1316:met the collier off the island of
1205:bombarded the embarkation port of
1121:was to protect the Albanian king,
1006:, Greece, for the funeral of King
774:
251:13.5 m (44 ft 3 in)
14:
4012:
3417:List of light cruisers of Germany
3183:
3111:. London: Conway Maritime Press.
2904:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz
2548:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz
2497:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz
2461:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz
2391:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz
2081:, which had by then been renamed
1952:sank a pair of Russian ships off
1886:before running into the powerful
1501:discovered the Russian ships off
259:4.4 m (14 ft 5 in)
3894:
3889:
3877:
3869:
3357:
3324:
3293:
3242:
3109:The Ottoman Steam Navy 1828–1923
2030:
2023:
1865:, where she set the minesweeper
1513:on 18 November, Souchon ordered
1153:order on the night of 2 August.
233:: 5,281 t (5,198 long tons)
132:
48:
24:
3966:World War I cruisers of Germany
2986:The Kaiser's Cruisers 1871–1918
2333:
2318:
2293:
2277:
2251:
2105:fell around her. The destroyer
2078:Imperatritsa Ekaterina Velikaya
1901:fled at high speed after being
1892:Imperatritsa Ekaterina Velikaya
1661:scored a hit on the battleship
1566:A month later, on 23 December,
1491:as it returned from bombarding
1447:and then attacking the port of
779:
435:. Following her commissioning,
318:(50.9 km/h; 31.6 mph)
82:(Now part of Poland as Wrocław)
3027:A Naval History of World War I
2235:
1729:. On the night of 10/11 June,
1519:to assume a safer position to
1471:In early November 1914, while
1156:
660:that consisted primarily of a
367:2 × 50 cm (19.7 in)
1:
3956:Ships built in Bremen (state)
2912:
1861:shelled Russian positions at
1759:fired five torpedoes at her.
1640:during the Gallipoli campaign
1409:, flying the Ottoman flag as
1149:; the two ships received the
766:was protected by a waterline
2346:
2228:
2016:
1727:Allied landings at Gallipoli
1276:, commanded by Rear Admiral
7:
3048:. Amherst: Humanity Books.
2984:; Nottelmann, Dirk (2021).
2892:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
2832:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
2808:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
2760:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
2731:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
2707:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
2647:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
2587:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
2309:then sank the sailing ship
2167:Hubert von Rebeur-Paschwitz
1572:sortied to rendezvous with
1361:after the Ottoman name for
1280:, intercepted the Germans;
754:. She could also carry 120
397:: 100 mm (3.9 in)
10:
4017:
3986:Maritime incidents in 1918
3164:Zabecki, David T. (1995).
3008:German Warships: 1815–1945
1505:, the southern tip of the
887:. Only on 23 August could
726:The ship was armed with a
531:
385:: 60 mm (2.4 in)
3864:
3739:
3463:
3412:
3386:
3355:
3322:
3291:
3240:
3194:Turkey in First World War
3145:Nekrasov, George (1992).
3025:Halpern, Paul G. (1995).
1614:, and forced her crew to
1141:spiraled out of control,
1065:, Austria-Hungary, which
612:, passing underneath the
527:
189:
41:
23:
3951:Magdeburg-class cruisers
2223:
1925:after laying her mines.
542:Plan and profile of the
475:were transferred to the
3044:Herwig, Holger (1980).
2359:Dodson & Nottelmann
2132:and the new battleship
1796:
1625:
1418:
1017:decided to implement a
652:. The ship had a short
534:Magdeburg-class cruiser
190:General characteristics
2326:
2311:
2305:
2286:
2270:
2243:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2161:
2155:
2146:
2140:
2128:
2122:
2113:
2111:closed to attack, but
2107:
2101:
2095:
2089:
2083:
2077:
2071:
2051:
2009:
2003:
1997:
1988:
1982:
1976:
1964:
1958:
1948:
1942:
1936:
1927:
1897:
1888:dreadnought battleship
1878:
1857:
1835:
1828:
1810:
1781:
1773:
1767:
1761:
1755:
1749:
1731:
1721:
1715:
1709:
1703:
1697:
1685:
1679:
1657:
1645:
1641:
1636:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1584:
1574:
1568:
1551:
1521:
1515:
1497:
1483:
1473:
1460:
1453:
1439:
1425:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1373:
1367:
1357:
1351:
1312:
1306:
1294:
1282:
1267:pursued by the British
1257:
1251:
1238:
1211:
1201:
1191:
1185:
1176:
1019:blockade of Montenegro
922:
914:
877:
853:
831:in early 1910. At her
808:
802:
798:
789:
762:
715:
674:
620:
616:
604:
588:
547:
503:
491:
485:
471:
465:
449:
441:and the battlecruiser
437:
408:
151:
67:
32:
3927:40.06167°N 25.97833°E
3088:Warship International
2880:Campbell & Sieche
2430:Campbell & Sieche
2418:Campbell & Sieche
1804:
1633:
1433:and steamed into the
1403:
1164:
998:, where she embarked
885:Lebrecht von Klitzing
883:(FK—Frigate Captain)
787:
602:
541:
507:was active in laying
447:were assigned to the
181:Mined & sunk off
3996:Shipwrecks of Turkey
2941:Buxton, Ian (2008).
2562:, p. 56–58, 63.
2432:, pp. 140, 159.
2153:On 20 January 1918,
2138:, but mutiny aboard
2066:Leytenant Zatsarenni
2041:class=notpageimage|
1511:resulting engagement
1274:1st Cruiser Squadron
1272:. That evening, the
936:that began in 1912.
614:Levensau High Bridge
610:Kaiser Wilhelm Canal
584:longitudinal framing
425:Imperial German Navy
3981:Ships sunk by mines
3923: /
2868:Hownam-Meek, et al.
2786:, pp. 245–248.
2774:, pp. 242–243.
2745:, pp. 241–242.
2673:, pp. 228–229.
2637:, pp. 123–133.
2499:, pp. 140–141.
2463:, pp. 139–140.
2376:, pp. 107–108.
2361:, pp. 137–138.
1989:Imperatritsa Mariya
1971:Imperatritsa Mariya
1466:gross register tons
1270:Mediterranean Fleet
1179:At the outbreak of
1105:, Italy, to Corfu.
958:unprotected cruiser
668:with platforms for
656:deck and a minimal
122:Transferred to the
3932:40.06167; 25.97833
3812:Yavûz Sultân Selîm
3251:Kaiserliche Marine
2327:Svobodnaya Rossiya
2274:from 1912 to 1916.
2162:Yavûz Sultân Selîm
2141:Svobodnaya Rossiya
2129:Svobodnaya Rossiya
2102:Svobodnaya Rossiya
2084:Svobodnaya Rossiya
2069:on 30 June. While
2010:Yavûz Sultân Selîm
1959:Yavûz Sultân Selîm
1943:Yavûz Sultân Selîm
1917:and the other off
1811:
1722:Yavûz Sultân Selîm
1704:Yavûz Sultân Selîm
1686:Yavûz Sultân Selîm
1642:
1575:Yavûz Sultân Selîm
1484:Yavûz Sultân Selîm
1416:
1374:Yavûz Sultân Selîm
1177:
1008:George I of Greece
916:Mittelmeerdivision
799:
699:water-tube boilers
617:
582:. To save weight,
548:
492:Yavûz Sultân Selîm
451:Mittelmeerdivision
271:water-tube boilers
3906:
3905:
3425:
3424:
3175:978-1-57638-042-0
3166:Dönitz, A Defense
3156:978-0-88033-240-8
3128:Warship 2001–2002
3118:978-0-85177-610-1
3078:978-3-8364-9743-5
3055:978-1-57392-286-9
3036:978-1-55750-352-7
3017:978-0-87021-790-6
2995:978-1-68247-745-8
2973:978-0-85177-245-5
2952:978-1-59114-045-0
2933:978-1-84415-300-8
2920:Bennett, Geoffrey
2858:, pp. 36–37.
2721:, pp. 59–60.
2523:, pp. 33–34.
2511:, pp. 51–52.
1278:Ernest Troubridge
1172:, in Messina, by
967:protected cruiser
861:Kaiser Wilhelm II
514:Caucasus Campaign
403:
402:
185:, 20 January 1918
4008:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3928:
3924:
3921:
3920:
3919:
3916:
3898:
3893:
3881:
3873:
3857:
3832:
3815:
3805:
3789:
3771:
3761:
3732:
3700:
3682:
3657:
3647:
3615:
3605:
3595:
3584:
3554:
3536:
3525:
3507:
3496:
3486:
3452:
3445:
3438:
3429:
3428:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3224:
3217:
3210:
3201:
3200:
3179:
3160:
3141:
3122:
3103:
3082:
3059:
3040:
3021:
2999:
2977:
2956:
2937:
2907:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2883:
2877:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2847:
2841:
2835:
2829:
2823:
2817:
2811:
2805:
2799:
2793:
2787:
2781:
2775:
2769:
2763:
2757:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2728:
2722:
2716:
2710:
2704:
2698:
2692:
2686:
2680:
2674:
2668:
2662:
2656:
2650:
2644:
2638:
2632:
2626:
2620:
2614:
2608:
2602:
2596:
2590:
2584:
2575:
2569:
2563:
2557:
2551:
2545:
2536:
2530:
2524:
2518:
2512:
2506:
2500:
2494:
2488:
2482:
2476:
2470:
2464:
2458:
2452:
2446:
2433:
2427:
2421:
2415:
2406:
2400:
2394:
2388:
2377:
2371:
2362:
2356:
2340:
2337:
2331:
2329:
2322:
2316:
2314:
2308:
2297:
2291:
2289:
2281:
2275:
2273:
2268:, served aboard
2255:
2249:
2246:
2239:
2218:
2215:
2209:
2203:
2171:Battle of Imbros
2164:
2158:
2149:
2143:
2131:
2125:
2119:
2116:
2110:
2104:
2098:
2092:
2086:
2080:
2074:
2054:
2034:
2033:
2027:
2012:
2006:
2000:
1994:
1991:
1985:
1979:
1967:
1961:
1951:
1945:
1939:
1930:
1900:
1881:
1875:
1860:
1838:
1831:
1784:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1752:
1734:
1724:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1700:
1688:
1682:
1669:
1660:
1648:
1639:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1587:
1577:
1571:
1559:, damaging some
1554:
1527:
1524:
1518:
1500:
1486:
1476:
1463:
1456:
1442:
1428:
1414:
1408:
1376:
1370:
1360:
1354:
1315:
1309:
1300:
1297:
1285:
1260:
1254:
1244:
1241:
1214:
1204:
1194:
1188:
1023:Siege of Scutari
927:
919:
882:
879:Fregattenkapitän
858:
813:
805:
792:
765:
718:
691:shaft horsepower
677:
623:
607:
591:
522:Battle of Imbros
506:
494:
488:
474:
468:
454:
440:
411:
154:
142:
137:
136:
135:
70:
58:
53:
52:
51:
35:
28:
21:
20:
4016:
4015:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
4005:
3941:
3940:
3931:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3902:
3885:
3860:
3835:
3818:
3808:
3792:
3774:
3764:
3746:
3740:Other incidents
3735:
3703:
3685:
3660:
3650:
3618:
3608:
3598:
3587:
3557:
3539:
3528:
3510:
3499:
3489:
3472:
3459:
3456:
3426:
3421:
3408:
3382:
3358:
3356:
3351:
3325:
3323:
3318:
3294:
3292:
3287:
3243:
3241:
3236:
3234:-class cruisers
3228:
3186:
3176:
3157:
3138:
3119:
3079:
3056:
3037:
3018:
2996:
2974:
2953:
2934:
2915:
2910:
2902:
2898:
2890:
2886:
2878:
2874:
2866:
2862:
2854:
2850:
2842:
2838:
2830:
2826:
2818:
2814:
2806:
2802:
2794:
2790:
2782:
2778:
2770:
2766:
2758:
2749:
2741:
2737:
2729:
2725:
2717:
2713:
2705:
2701:
2693:
2689:
2681:
2677:
2669:
2665:
2657:
2653:
2645:
2641:
2633:
2629:
2621:
2617:
2609:
2605:
2597:
2593:
2585:
2578:
2570:
2566:
2558:
2554:
2546:
2539:
2531:
2527:
2519:
2515:
2507:
2503:
2495:
2491:
2483:
2479:
2471:
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2459:
2455:
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2436:
2428:
2424:
2416:
2409:
2401:
2397:
2389:
2380:
2372:
2365:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2334:
2323:
2319:
2298:
2294:
2282:
2278:
2256:
2252:
2240:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2216:
2117:
2061:Fidonisi Island
2047:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2019:
1992:
1919:Cape Tarkhankut
1873:
1799:
1667:
1628:
1531:Tri Sviatitelia
1525:
1489:Black Sea Fleet
1445:Strait of Kerch
1421:
1398:
1396:Ottoman service
1298:
1249:in the Aegean.
1242:
1159:
1039:Austria-Hungary
1000:Prince Heinrich
990:, Italy, where
930:Wilhelm Souchon
928:(Rear Admiral)
893:High Seas Fleet
782:
777:
775:Service history
580:-class cruisers
555:-class cruisers
536:
530:
497:Black Sea Fleet
264:Installed power
138:
133:
131:
54:
49:
47:
37:
19:
12:
11:
5:
4014:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3904:
3903:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3858:
3833:
3816:
3806:
3790:
3772:
3762:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3733:
3704:Unknown date:
3701:
3683:
3658:
3648:
3616:
3606:
3596:
3585:
3555:
3537:
3526:
3508:
3497:
3487:
3469:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3454:
3447:
3440:
3432:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3406:
3397:
3387:
3384:
3383:
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3380:
3369:
3367:
3353:
3352:
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3349:
3338:
3336:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3305:
3303:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3278:
3271:
3264:
3256:
3254:
3238:
3237:
3227:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3204:
3198:
3197:
3185:
3184:External links
3182:
3181:
3180:
3174:
3161:
3155:
3142:
3136:
3123:
3117:
3104:
3083:
3077:
3060:
3054:
3041:
3035:
3022:
3016:
3000:
2994:
2978:
2972:
2957:
2951:
2938:
2932:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2906:, p. 142.
2896:
2884:
2882:, p. 152.
2872:
2860:
2848:
2846:, p. 255.
2836:
2824:
2822:, p. 254.
2812:
2800:
2798:, p. 253.
2788:
2776:
2764:
2747:
2735:
2723:
2711:
2699:
2697:, p. 171.
2687:
2685:, p. 231.
2675:
2663:
2661:, p. 228.
2651:
2639:
2627:
2625:, p. 224.
2615:
2603:
2591:
2576:
2564:
2552:
2550:, p. 141.
2537:
2525:
2513:
2501:
2489:
2477:
2465:
2453:
2451:, p. 107.
2434:
2422:
2420:, p. 159.
2407:
2405:, p. 108.
2395:
2393:, p. 140.
2378:
2363:
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2342:
2341:
2332:
2317:
2292:
2276:
2250:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2044:Wreck location
2039:
2038:
2029:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2015:
1798:
1795:
1627:
1624:
1464:of 1,085
1420:
1417:
1397:
1394:
1386:Central Powers
1341:Sultan Osman I
1263:Constantinople
1168:, followed by
1158:
1155:
1123:Prince Wilhelm
1013:In April, the
984:Constantinople
980:Ottoman Empire
867:—first to the
781:
778:
776:
773:
721:nautical miles
687:steam turbines
658:superstructure
565:battlecruisers
532:Main article:
529:
526:
477:Ottoman Empire
461:Constantinople
429:Lower Silesian
401:
400:
399:
398:
392:
386:
378:
374:
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245:
244:
241:
237:
236:
235:
234:
228:
212:
208:
207:
196:
195:Class and type
192:
191:
187:
186:
179:
175:
174:
173:16 August 1914
171:
167:
166:
160:
156:
155:
148:
144:
143:
140:Ottoman Empire
128:
127:
126:16 August 1914
124:Ottoman Empire
120:
116:
115:
112:
108:
107:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
76:
72:
71:
64:
60:
59:
44:
43:
39:
38:
29:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4013:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3939:
3936:
3901:
3900:February 1918
3897:
3892:
3888:
3887:December 1917
3884:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3868:
3863:
3856:
3855:
3849:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3825:
3824:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3798:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3781:
3780:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3763:
3760:
3759:
3753:
3752:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3738:
3731:
3730:
3724:
3723:
3717:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3692:
3691:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3674:
3673:
3667:
3666:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3625:
3624:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3577:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3564:
3563:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3546:
3545:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3517:
3516:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3479:
3478:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3453:
3448:
3446:
3441:
3439:
3434:
3433:
3430:
3418:
3415:
3414:
3411:
3405:
3403:
3399:Followed by:
3398:
3396:
3394:
3390:Preceded by:
3389:
3388:
3385:
3378:
3374:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3354:
3347:
3343:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3335:
3334:
3321:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3239:
3235:
3233:
3225:
3220:
3218:
3213:
3211:
3206:
3205:
3202:
3195:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3177:
3171:
3167:
3162:
3158:
3152:
3148:
3143:
3139:
3137:0-85177-901-8
3133:
3129:
3124:
3120:
3114:
3110:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3084:
3080:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3061:
3057:
3051:
3047:
3042:
3038:
3032:
3028:
3023:
3019:
3013:
3009:
3005:
3004:Gröner, Erich
3001:
2997:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2982:Dodson, Aidan
2979:
2975:
2969:
2965:
2964:
2958:
2954:
2948:
2944:
2939:
2935:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2916:
2905:
2900:
2894:, p. 32.
2893:
2888:
2881:
2876:
2870:, p. 95.
2869:
2864:
2857:
2852:
2845:
2840:
2834:, p. 53.
2833:
2828:
2821:
2816:
2810:, p. 52.
2809:
2804:
2797:
2792:
2785:
2780:
2773:
2768:
2762:, p. 50.
2761:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2744:
2739:
2733:, p. 49.
2732:
2727:
2720:
2715:
2709:, p. 48.
2708:
2703:
2696:
2691:
2684:
2679:
2672:
2667:
2660:
2655:
2649:, p. 46.
2648:
2643:
2636:
2631:
2624:
2619:
2613:, p. 64.
2612:
2607:
2601:, p. 25.
2600:
2595:
2589:, p. 45.
2588:
2583:
2581:
2574:, p. 63.
2573:
2568:
2561:
2556:
2549:
2544:
2542:
2535:, p. 56.
2534:
2529:
2522:
2517:
2510:
2505:
2498:
2493:
2487:, p. 15.
2486:
2481:
2474:
2469:
2462:
2457:
2450:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2431:
2426:
2419:
2414:
2412:
2404:
2399:
2392:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2375:
2370:
2368:
2360:
2355:
2351:
2336:
2328:
2321:
2313:
2307:
2302:
2296:
2288:
2280:
2272:
2267:
2263:
2262:Grand Admiral
2260:, the future
2259:
2254:
2245:
2238:
2234:
2221:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2197:
2196:
2191:
2187:
2186:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2163:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2142:
2137:
2136:
2130:
2124:
2115:
2109:
2103:
2097:
2091:
2085:
2079:
2073:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2049:In May 1917,
2042:
2026:
2014:
2011:
2005:
1999:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1973:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1911:Chilia branch
1908:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1844:
1842:
1837:
1830:
1825:
1824:
1819:
1818:
1808:
1803:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1775:
1769:
1763:
1757:
1751:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1739:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1717:
1711:
1705:
1699:
1694:
1693:
1687:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1665:
1659:
1654:
1653:
1647:
1638:
1634:Sailors from
1632:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1602:
1598:quickly sank
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1570:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1544:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1523:
1517:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1469:
1467:
1462:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1413:
1407:
1402:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1380:
1375:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1308:
1304:On 8 August,
1302:
1296:
1291:
1290:
1284:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1248:
1240:
1235:
1234:
1233:Indefatigable
1229:
1228:
1222:
1218:
1217:Philippeville
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1187:
1182:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
972:
968:
964:
963:
959:
956:met with the
955:
951:
950:Ottoman Egypt
947:
943:
942:Wilhelmshaven
939:
935:
931:
926:
925:
924:Konteradmiral
918:
917:
911:
910:
904:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
881:
880:
874:
870:
866:
862:
857:
856:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
817:
812:
811:
804:
796:
791:
786:
772:
769:
764:
759:
757:
753:
749:
745:
744:torpedo tubes
741:
737:
733:
729:
724:
722:
717:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
693:(19,000
692:
688:
684:
679:
676:
671:
667:
663:
662:conning tower
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
622:
615:
611:
606:
601:
597:
595:
590:
585:
581:
579:
574:
570:
566:
563:
561:
556:
554:
545:
540:
535:
525:
523:
519:
515:
510:
505:
500:
498:
493:
487:
482:
478:
473:
467:
462:
458:
453:
452:
446:
445:
439:
434:
430:
426:
422:
419:
417:
412:
410:
396:
395:Conning tower
393:
390:
387:
384:
381:
380:
379:
376:
375:
370:
369:torpedo tubes
366:
364:
360:
358:
354:
353:
352:
349:
348:
342:
339:
338:
337:
334:
333:
329:
325:
322:
321:
317:
313:
310:
309:
304:
300:
298:
294:
293:
292:
289:
288:
282:
279:(19,000
278:
274:
272:
268:
267:
266:
263:
262:
258:
255:
254:
250:
247:
246:
242:
239:
238:
232:
229:
226:
222:
219:: 4,564
218:
215:
214:
213:
210:
209:
206:
203:
201:
197:
194:
193:
188:
184:
180:
177:
176:
172:
169:
168:
165:
161:
158:
157:
153:
149:
146:
145:
141:
129:
125:
121:
118:
117:
113:
110:
109:
105:
102:
101:
97:
94:
93:
89:
86:
85:
81:
77:
74:
73:
69:
65:
62:
61:
57:
56:German Empire
45:
40:
34:
27:
22:
16:
3908:
3853:
3846:
3839:
3828:
3822:
3810:
3796:
3785:
3778:
3766:
3757:
3750:
3728:
3721:
3714:
3707:
3696:
3689:
3678:
3671:
3664:
3653:
3643:
3636:
3629:
3622:
3611:
3600:
3591:
3579:
3574:
3567:
3566:
3561:
3550:
3543:
3532:
3521:
3514:
3503:
3492:
3482:
3476:
3401:
3392:
3376:
3372:
3365:Ottoman Navy
3345:
3341:
3333:Regia Marina
3332:
3312:
3308:
3281:
3274:
3267:
3266:
3260:
3250:
3231:
3165:
3146:
3127:
3108:
3091:
3087:
3068:
3064:
3045:
3026:
3007:
2985:
2962:
2942:
2923:
2899:
2887:
2875:
2863:
2851:
2839:
2827:
2815:
2803:
2791:
2779:
2767:
2738:
2726:
2714:
2702:
2690:
2678:
2666:
2654:
2642:
2630:
2618:
2606:
2594:
2567:
2555:
2528:
2516:
2504:
2492:
2480:
2475:, p. 7.
2468:
2456:
2425:
2398:
2354:
2335:
2320:
2300:
2295:
2279:
2266:World War II
2253:
2237:
2194:
2184:
2178:
2152:
2134:
2065:
2048:
1970:
1933:
1915:Danube River
1891:
1876:s deck gun.
1870:
1866:
1851:
1845:
1822:
1816:
1812:
1806:
1779:
1743:
1737:
1691:
1672:
1663:
1651:
1643:
1611:
1565:
1561:minesweepers
1536:
1530:
1470:
1422:
1383:
1371:was renamed
1355:was renamed
1340:
1334:
1330:Ottoman Navy
1303:
1288:
1232:
1226:
1178:
1174:Willy Stöwer
1169:
1165:
1151:mobilization
1146:
1142:
1130:
1126:
1118:
1106:
1099:Hohenzollern
1098:
1094:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1075:
1071:Gulf of Drin
1066:
1058:
1054:
1035:Adriatic Sea
1030:
1015:Great Powers
1012:
992:Ernst August
975:
970:
961:
953:
940:sailed from
937:
912:to form the
908:
905:
900:
896:
888:
855:Hohenzollern
845:commissioned
827:shipyard in
815:
800:
780:Early career
760:
728:main battery
725:
680:
670:searchlights
626:long overall
618:
577:
559:
552:
549:
543:
501:
443:
415:
405:
404:
391:: 60 mm
343:336 enlisted
275:25,000
211:Displacement
199:
111:Commissioned
15:
4001:Karl Dönitz
3930: /
3301:French Navy
2330:to 25 June.
2258:Karl Dönitz
1863:Sürmene Bay
1817:Pronzitelni
1787:boiler room
1563:at anchor.
1503:Cape Sarych
1449:Novorossisk
1390:Enver Pasha
1326:Dardanelles
1227:Indomitable
1181:World War I
1157:World War I
1139:July Crisis
934:Balkan Wars
841:fitting-out
640:4,564
481:World War I
457:Balkan Wars
340:18 officers
326:5,820
114:10 May 1912
106:16 May 1911
90:A.G. Vulcan
3961:1911 ships
3945:Categories
3918:25°58′42″E
3515:Narborough
3465:Shipwrecks
3346:Strassburg
3275:Strassburg
2913:References
2635:McLaughlin
1923:Yevpatoria
1907:minefields
1823:Bespokoiny
1805:Sketch of
1620:destroyers
1557:Sevastopol
1555:bombarded
1547:Bessarabia
1346:Royal Navy
1289:Gloucester
1097:to escort
946:Alexandria
849:sea trials
819:" and was
768:armor belt
746:with five
730:of twelve
654:forecastle
628:and had a
594:belt armor
560:Invincible
509:minefields
335:Complement
303:propellers
301:4 × screw
290:Propulsion
162:Island of
3915:40°3′42″N
3852:HMS
3845:HMS
3838:HMS
3821:HMS
3795:USS
3784:HMS
3777:HMS
3749:USS
3695:HMS
3688:HMS
3670:HMS
3663:HMS
3623:Guinevere
3621:USS
3573:HMS
3560:HMS
3542:HMS
3531:HMS
3520:HMS
3513:HMS
3493:War Baron
3402:Karlsruhe
3313:Stralsund
3282:Stralsund
3261:Magdeburg
3232:Magdeburg
3196:web site.
3192:, in the
3100:0043-0374
2347:Citations
2229:Footnotes
2195:Agamemnon
2017:1917–1918
1934:In July,
1903:straddled
1607:Rostislav
1590:Zonguldak
1537:Rostislav
1493:Trebizond
1435:Black Sea
1225:HMS
1215:attacked
869:Kiel Week
847:to begin
833:launching
825:AG Vulcan
821:laid down
797:1912–1914
752:broadside
748:torpedoes
736:broadside
711:amidships
650:full load
646:long tons
638:displaced
589:Magdeburg
553:Magdeburg
544:Magdeburg
416:Magdeburg
231:Full load
225:long tons
200:Magdeburg
95:Laid down
3854:Fearless
3836:31 Jan:
3819:29 Jan:
3809:20 Jan:
3802:incident
3797:Monocacy
3793:17 Jan:
3786:Vehement
3775:14 Jan:
3765:11 Jan:
3758:New York
3686:31 Jan:
3661:28 Jan:
3651:27 Jan:
3619:26 Jan:
3612:Normandy
3609:25 Jan:
3599:24 Jan:
3588:21 Jan:
3581:Warspite
3558:20 Jan:
3540:19 Jan:
3529:14 Jan:
3511:12 Jan:
3309:Mulhouse
3006:(1990).
2922:(2005).
2719:Nekrasov
2599:Nekrasov
2175:monitors
1809:underway
1710:Hamidiye
1692:Mecidiye
1652:Hamidiye
1543:Akkerman
1431:Bosporus
1365:, while
1335:Reşadiye
1318:Donoussa
988:Brindisi
965:and the
871:sailing
793:at sea,
709:located
703:fuel oil
685:-Vulcan
431:city of
350:Armament
170:Acquired
159:Namesake
103:Launched
78:City of
75:Namesake
3751:Jenkins
3747:8 Jan:
3654:Andania
3592:Louvain
3568:Midilli
3500:9 Jan:
3490:5 Jan:
3473:4 Jan:
3393:Kolberg
3377:Breslau
3373:Midilli
3342:Taranto
3268:Breslau
3190:Midilli
2844:Halpern
2820:Halpern
2796:Halpern
2784:Halpern
2772:Halpern
2743:Halpern
2683:Halpern
2671:Halpern
2659:Halpern
2623:Halpern
2611:Halpern
2572:Halpern
2560:Halpern
2533:Halpern
2521:Bennett
2509:Halpern
2485:Halpern
2473:Zabecki
2312:Nikolay
2306:Midilli
2287:Midilli
2271:Breslau
2264:during
2248:Sieche.
2244:Breslau
2213:Midilli
2201:Midilli
2156:Midilli
2147:Midilli
2123:Midilli
2114:Midilli
2096:Midilli
2090:Midilli
2072:Midilli
2052:Midilli
2004:Midilli
1998:Midilli
1983:Midilli
1977:Midilli
1965:Midilli
1949:Midilli
1937:Midilli
1928:Midilli
1913:of the
1898:Midilli
1879:Midilli
1858:Midilli
1836:Midilli
1829:Midilli
1807:Midilli
1791:İstinye
1782:Midilli
1762:Midilli
1732:Midilli
1716:Midilli
1698:Midilli
1680:Midilli
1664:Evstafi
1658:Midilli
1646:Midilli
1637:Midilli
1616:scuttle
1595:Midilli
1569:Midilli
1552:Midilli
1516:Midilli
1498:Midilli
1474:Midilli
1461:Nikolai
1454:Midilli
1440:Midilli
1426:Midilli
1412:Midilli
1406:Breslau
1358:Midilli
1352:Breslau
1313:Breslau
1283:Breslau
1258:Breslau
1247:collier
1221:Messina
1202:Breslau
1197:Algeria
1186:Breslau
1170:Breslau
1143:Breslau
1127:Breslau
1119:Breslau
1115:Durazzo
1107:Breslau
1091:Trieste
1087:Breslau
1082:Loreley
1077:Breslau
1067:Breslau
1059:Breslau
1055:Breslau
1031:Breslau
1027:Albania
1004:Piraeus
976:Breslau
954:Breslau
938:Breslau
901:Breslau
897:Breslau
889:Breslau
873:regatta
837:Breslau
829:Stettin
823:at the
803:Breslau
790:Breslau
763:Breslau
716:Breslau
707:funnels
675:Breslau
644:(4,492
621:Breslau
608:in the
605:Breslau
578:Kolberg
504:Midilli
486:Midilli
466:Breslau
438:Breslau
433:Breslau
423:of the
421:cruiser
409:Breslau
223:(4,492
205:cruiser
164:Midilli
152:Midilli
87:Builder
80:Breslau
68:Breslau
42:History
36:in 1912
33:Breslau
3829:Cedric
3779:Murray
3768:Kasuga
3672:Hazard
3575:Raglan
3483:Racoon
3362:
3329:
3298:
3247:
3172:
3153:
3134:
3115:
3098:
3092:XXXVII
3075:
3052:
3033:
3014:
2992:
2970:
2949:
2930:
2856:Buxton
2695:Herwig
2449:Gröner
2403:Gröner
2374:Gröner
2190:Mudros
2179:Raglan
2108:Gnevny
2057:Danube
1884:Tuapse
1848:U-boat
1841:Samsun
1774:Derzky
1768:Gnevny
1756:Gnevny
1750:Gnevny
1744:Gnevny
1738:Derzky
1675:Odessa
1580:Sinope
1507:Crimea
1379:fezzes
1368:Goeben
1363:Lesbos
1307:Goeben
1295:Goeben
1252:Goeben
1239:Goeben
1212:Goeben
1209:while
1192:Goeben
1166:Goeben
1147:Goeben
1131:Goeben
1111:Levant
1103:Venice
1095:Goeben
1051:Bojana
1047:Russia
1045:, and
971:Hertha
909:Goeben
810:Ersatz
562:-class
528:Design
472:Goeben
444:Goeben
418:-class
413:was a
240:Length
217:Normal
202:-class
183:Imbros
3729:UB-66
3722:UB-63
3679:U-109
3637:UB-35
3602:Corse
3551:UB-22
3504:UB-69
3475:HMHS
3404:class
3395:class
3067:[
2301:T.233
2224:Notes
2217:'
2207:Yavûz
2135:Volya
2118:'
1993:'
1954:Sochi
1874:'
1867:T.233
1668:'
1612:Athos
1526:'
1522:Yavûz
1322:Naxos
1320:near
1299:'
1243:'
1043:Italy
996:Corfu
962:Geier
865:yacht
816:Falke
756:mines
666:masts
634:draft
573:knots
569:hulls
546:class
377:Armor
363:mines
355:12 ×
323:Range
316:knots
314:27.5
311:Speed
269:16 ×
256:Draft
3883:1919
3875:1918
3867:1917
3715:U-95
3708:U-93
3644:Cork
3630:U-84
3590:HMS
3522:Opal
3477:Rewa
3375:(ex-
3344:(ex-
3311:(ex-
3170:ISBN
3151:ISBN
3132:ISBN
3113:ISBN
3096:ISSN
3073:ISBN
3050:ISBN
3031:ISBN
3012:ISBN
2990:ISBN
2968:ISBN
2947:ISBN
2928:ISBN
2182:and
2159:and
2007:and
1940:and
1871:U-33
1852:U-33
1820:and
1797:1916
1741:and
1719:and
1701:and
1683:and
1626:1915
1601:Oleg
1585:Oleg
1578:off
1534:and
1479:Poti
1419:1914
1338:and
1310:and
1255:and
1230:and
1207:Bône
1189:and
1063:Pola
630:beam
550:The
518:mine
489:and
469:and
406:SMS
389:Deck
383:Belt
361:120
295:2 ×
248:Beam
178:Fate
147:Name
119:Fate
98:1910
63:Name
30:SMS
3823:Bat
3756:SS
3727:SM
3720:SM
3713:SM
3706:SM
3697:K17
3677:SM
3665:E14
3642:SS
3635:SM
3628:SM
3562:M28
3549:SM
3544:H10
3502:SM
2185:M28
948:in
863:'s
683:AEG
328:nmi
277:shp
3947::
3850:,
3847:K7
3843:,
3840:K6
3826:,
3782:,
3754:,
3725:,
3718:,
3711:,
3693:,
3690:K4
3675:,
3668:,
3640:,
3633:,
3626:,
3578:,
3571:,
3565:,
3547:,
3533:G8
3518:,
3480:,
3090:.
2750:^
2579:^
2540:^
2437:^
2410:^
2381:^
2366:^
1895:.
1826:.
1777:.
1677:.
1592:.
1545:,
1495:.
1451:.
1265:,
1183:,
1041:,
1029:.
974:.
952:,
795:c.
758:.
695:kW
672:.
499:.
463:,
281:kW
3804:)
3800:(
3451:e
3444:t
3437:v
3379:)
3348:)
3315:)
3223:e
3216:t
3209:v
3178:.
3159:.
3140:.
3121:.
3102:.
3081:.
3058:.
3039:.
3020:.
2998:.
2976:.
2955:.
2936:.
859:—
642:t
283:)
227:)
221:t
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