1379:, signed between Italy and Austria-Hungary on 3 November 1918, the transfer of Austria-Hungary's fleet to the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs was not recognized. Italian ships thus sailed into the ports of Trieste, Pola, and Fiume the following day. On 5 November, Italian troops occupied the naval installations at Pola. The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs lacked the men and officers to hold the fleet as most sailors who were not South Slavs had already gone home. Furthermore, the National Council did not order any men to resist the Italians, preferring to instead condemn Italy's actions as illegitimate. On 9 November, all remaining ships in Pola harbor had the Italian flag raised, including
51:
1049:
1259:
144:
1335:
help maintaining the fleet stationed at Pola and keeping order among the navy. The
National Council refused to assist unless the Austro-Hungarian Navy was first placed under its command. Emperor Karl I, still attempting to save the Empire from collapse, agreed to the transfer, provided that the other "nations" which made up Austria-Hungary would be able to claim their fair share of the value of the fleet at a later time. All sailors not of Slovene, Croatian, Bosnian, or Serbian background were thus placed on leave for the time being, while the officers were given the choice of joining the new navy or retiring.
190:
876:. Another type of boat had been built later which had only a fixed periscope...One day, when this submarine was running along with her periscope above the surface...some officers approached in a speedy little launch and left their cards tied to the periscope without the knowledge of the commander of the submerged vessel. This demonstrated perfectly that it is essential, both in war and peace times, for the commander of the submarine to know what is going on in his vicinity on the surface.
856:
796:) remained skeptical. Additional proposals submitted by the public as part of a design competition were all rejected as well by the Austro-Hungarian Navy as being impracticable. As a result, the Navy decided to purchase designs from three different foreign firms for a class of submarines. Each design was to be accompanied by two submarines to test each ship against one another. This was done to properly evaluate the different proposals which would come forward.
1087:
gasoline engines of both submarines were revealed. Exhaust fumes and gasoline vapors frequently poisoned the air inside the boat and increased the risk of internal explosions, while the engines themselves were not able reach the contracted speed, which was supposed to be 12 knots (22 km/h) while surfaced and 7 knots (13 km/h) while submerged. Indeed, the engine problems for
1387:, the Allied Powers agreed the transfer of Austria-Hungary's Navy to the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs was invalid, despite sympathy from the United Kingdom. Faced with the prospect of being given an ultimatum to surrender the former Austro-Hungarian warships, the National Council agreed to hand over the ships beginning on 10 November 1918.
1086:
in sea trials throughout 1909 and 1910. These trials were considerably longer than other sea trials due to the experimental nature of the submarines and the desire of Austro-Hungarian naval officials to test every possible aspect of the ship. During these trials, extensive technical problems with the
1334:
announced
Croatia's dynastic ties to Hungary had come to a formal conclusion. This new provisional government, while throwing off Hungarian rule, had not yet declared independence from Austria-Hungary. Thus Emperor Karl I's government in Vienna asked the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs for
957:
and her sister ship when the crew of one submarine forgot to bring their lunches on-board before conducting an underwater endurance test. A diver from shore was able to transport lunch for the crew without the submarine having to resurface. Lake's design also called for two retractable wheels that,
1338:
Through this transfer, the Austro-Hungarian government decided to hand over its fleet to the State of
Slovenes, Croats and Serbs without a shot being fired. This was considered preferential to handing the fleet to the Allies, as the new state had declared its neutrality. Furthermore, the State of
1274:
in drydock awaiting the installation of new batteries and diesel engines. To accommodate the new engines, she underwent a refit which lasted until early 1915. This refit lengthened the submarine by about 11 inches (28 cm). The modifications and new engines lowered her surface displacement to
776:
Prior to 1904, the Austro-Hungarian Navy had shown little to no interest in submarines, preferring to instead observe other navies experiment with the relatively new type of ship. In early 1904, after allowing the navies of other countries to pioneer submarine developments, Constructor
General
949:. The diving chamber was intended for manned underwater missions such as destroying ships with explosives and severing off-shore telegraph cables, as well as for exiting or entering the submarine during an emergency. This diving chamber ultimately proved its usefulness during the
808:, was chosen as one of the participants in this design competition by the Navy. After being recommended by Popper, Lake traveled to Austria-Hungary in 1906 to negotiate the details of his contract with the Navy, which formally ordered plans for the building of two boats—including
1091:
were so significant that on multiple occasions her crew had to conduct emergency resurfacing to bring fresh air into the ship. Because of the problems, the Austro-Hungarian Navy considered the engines to be unsuitable for wartime use and paid only for the hulls and armament of
712:
s design has been described by naval historians as a failure that was rendered obsolete by the time she was commissioned into the Austro-Hungarian Navy. Despite these criticisms, tests of her design provided information which the Navy used to construct subsequent submarines.
843:
Despite these criticisms and shortcomings, the experimental nature of the submarine provided valuable information for the Austro-Hungarian Navy, and Lake's designs did address what the Navy was asking for when ordering the submarine class. John
Poluhowich writes in his book
1119:
and her sister ship had the best performance in diving and steering among the U-boats under evaluation by the Navy. At a depth of 40 meters (130 ft) her hull began to show signs of stress and was in danger of being crushed. As a result, the commission overseeing
1312:
was considered a potential candidate for service as a minesweeper, as the diving chamber present on the submarine could allow divers to sever the anchoring cables of sea mines. The poor condition of the submarine, however, prevented the plan from being implemented.
1134:
s hull resulted in a significant bow-wave, which led to the bow of the ship dipping under the water while surfaced. In order to correct this problem, the deck and bow casing of the submarine was reconstructed in
January 1915. Other tests proved the use of
1287:
to
Trieste was undertaken in part to dissuade Italian naval attacks or raids on the crucial Austro-Hungarian city, and her deployment to the city helped to dissuade Italian plans to bombard the port, as Italian military intelligence suggested both
1017:) while traveling at 6 knots (11 km/h; 6.9 mph) when surfaced, and 40 nmi (74 km; 46 mi) while traveling at 2 knots (3.7 km/h; 2.3 mph) when submerged. For underwater steering, her design featured four pairs of
1185:
led to a war scare in the
Balkans. Both Russia and Austria-Hungary began mobilizing troops along their border, while Austria-Hungary began to mobilize against Serbia. During the crisis, the entire Austro-Hungarian Navy was also fully mobilized.
26:
1316:
Near the end of the war, she was once more taken to Pola, though it had become clear by
October 1918 that Austria-Hungary was facing defeat in the war. With various attempts to quell nationalist sentiments failing, Emperor
930:
was designed to displace 229.7 metric tons (226 long tons; 253 short tons) while surfaced, but while submerged she displaced 248.9 metric tons (245.0 long tons; 274.4 short tons). After her modernization, the length of
2278:
Sieche, Erwin F. (1985). "Zeittafel der
Vorgange rund um die Auflosung und Ubergabe der k.u.k. Kriegsmarine 1918–1923" [Timeline of the Process Surrounding the Dissolution and Surrender of the k.u.k. Navy].
893:
was constructed in line with Austro-Hungarian naval policy at the time, which stressed coastal defense and patrolling of the Adriatic Sea. Following the onset of World War I, however, it became clear that
1321:
decided to sever Austria-Hungary's alliance with Germany and appeal to the Allied Powers in an attempt to preserve the empire from complete collapse. On 26 October, Austria-Hungary informed Germany that
598:
1169:
into the Austro-Hungarian Navy on 15 April 1911 and served as a training boat—conducting up to ten training cruises per month—through 1914. Despite being used primarily for training duties,
1181:. By the end of November 1912, the threat of conflict between Austria-Hungary, Italy, Serbia, and Russia, coupled with allegations of Serbian mistreatment of the Austro-Hungarian consul in
941:
was derived from an earlier concept for a submarine intended for peaceful sea exploration. As a result, she had several features typical of Lake's earlier designs. These including a
1115:
Flooding the diving tanks, which was necessary to dive, took over 14 minutes and 37 seconds in early tests, but was later reduced to 8 minutes. Despite the engine problems,
638:. She was one of two Lake-designed submarines purchased as part of a competitive evaluation of foreign submarine designs after domestic proposals were rejected by the Navy.
1275:
223.0 tonnes (245.8 short tons) but increased the submarine's submerged displacement to 277.5 tonnes (305.9 short tons). Upon completion of this refit in early 1915,
836:, and Richard Worth as "obsolete and unreliable when completed and suffered from problems even after modifications". René Greger, another naval historian, wrote that
1367:. The arrangements were settled and the handover was completed that afternoon with the Austro-Hungarian Naval Ensign being struck from all ships in the harbor.
789:, MTK) to produce a submarine design. Technical problems during the initial design phase, however, delayed further any proposals from MTK for nearly a year.
2524:
689:
throughout 1909 and 1910 showed these engines to be incapable of reaching the submarine's contracted speed and to pose a risk of poisoning the crew.
740:, but was at Pola at the end of the war. Facing defeat in October 1918, the Austro-Hungarian government transferred its navy to the newly formed
2418:
1326:
was over. In Pola, the Austro-Hungarian Navy was in the process of tearing itself apart along ethnic and nationalist lines. On 29 October the
1327:
1300:
conducted regular reconnaissance cruises until 22 December 1917, when she was reassigned to the naval base at Pola. On 11 January 1918,
1304:
was declared obsolete alongside her sister ship, but was retained as a training boat at the Austro-Hungarian submarine base located on
1071:) in Pola. Construction on the submarine was delayed by the need to import the American-made engines. As the first ship of her class,
1391:
1390:
It would not be until 1920 that the final distribution of the ships was settled among the Allied powers under the terms of the
761:
225:
958:
in theory, could allow travel over the seabed. The design also placed the diving tanks above the waterline of the cylindrical
2514:
2470:
2427:
2379:
2345:
2326:
2260:
2241:
2218:
2155:
2136:
2109:
2082:
2055:
578:
311:
852:
was "completed to the satisfaction of Austrian officials". Lake himself praised both ships, particularly their periscopes.
25:
741:
736:
and Pola until being declared obsolete in early 1918. She continued to serve in a training role at the submarine base on
149:
133:
1406:
and scrapped at Pola that same year. Due to the training and reconnaissance missions she engaged in throughout the war,
2411:
989:), while the electric motors had an output of 200 bhp (150 kW). These engines could produce a speed of 10.3
732:
returned to service as a training boat until October 1915. From November she conducted reconnaissance cruises out of
1339:
Slovenes, Croats and Serbs had also not yet publicly rejected Emperor Karl I, keeping alive the possibility of
828:
would be the first submarines of the Austro-Hungarian Navy. However, both ships would prove to be a disappointment.
2486:
895:
898:
were best suited for offensive operations, namely raiding Allied shipping in the Adriatic and Mediterranean Seas.
1233:
resumed her duties as a training vessel. While conducting one of these training cruises on 13 January 1914 near
669:) while surfaced and 248.9 metric tons (245 long tons; 274 short tons) while submerged. An experimental design,
1028:—two in the bow, one in the stern—and could carry up to five torpedoes, but typically carried three. In 1917,
2509:
2404:
2319:
The Naval Policy of Austria-Hungary, 1867–1918: Navalism, Industrial Development, and the Politics of Dualism
1229:, and the Austro-Hungarian Army and Navy were subsequently demobilized on 28 May 1913. After demobilization,
2529:
1340:
966:
for vertical stability. The location of the diving tanks also necessitated flooding to be done by pumps.
1343:. The transfer to the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs took place on the morning of 31 October, with
792:
After observing the MTK design submitted in early 1905, the Naval Section of the War Ministry (German:
1376:
801:
749:
627:
2448:
2166:
1464:
1403:
1226:
1127:
s sea trials set her maximum dive depth at 40 meters (130 ft). While surfaced, the shape of
805:
1225:, and four submarines ready for combat. The crisis eventually subsided after the signing of the
768:
at Pola later that same year without ever having sunk or damaged any vessels during her career.
2074:
745:
593:
179:
1323:
1318:
1036:, which was ultimately removed in January 1918 when the submarine resumed training duties.
8:
2519:
2070:
994:
654:
419:
1490:
982:
456:
40 nmi (74 km; 46 mi) at 2 knots (3.7 km/h; 2.3 mph), submerged
388:
1362:
620:
1021:. These planes provided the submarines with a considerable amount of maneuverability.
2385:
2375:
2341:
2322:
2305:
2288:
2266:
2256:
2237:
2230:
2214:
2197:
2172:
2151:
2132:
2115:
2105:
2088:
2078:
2051:
1166:
833:
694:
1194:
were both ordered to join the rest of the Austro-Hungarian fleet assembling in the
923:
782:
757:
195:
1354:
2185:
1241:
1238:
974:
946:
919:
682:
602:
384:
56:
1100:
Leobersdorf, they agreed to a lease of the gasoline engines at a fee of $ 4,544
1279:
returned to training duties through 4 October, and was thereafter stationed at
998:
978:
959:
942:
915:
674:
631:
423:
399:
86:
1142:
s underwater wheels on the seabed to be almost impossible. On 5 April both of
546:
3 × 45 cm (17.7 in) torpedo tubes (two front, one rear); 5 torpedoes
2503:
2309:
2292:
2270:
2176:
1349:
1305:
1296:
were on regular patrol in the waters of the northern Adriatic. From Trieste,
1076:
1006:
820:
Although intended to serve as an experimental design when initially ordered,
765:
737:
725:
650:
528:
442:
2389:
2119:
2092:
2201:
1495:
German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net
1344:
1222:
1174:
1025:
1018:
1001:) while surfaced, and 6 knots (11 km/h; 6.9 mph) when submerged.
698:
483:
832:
and her sister ship were described by the naval historians David Dickson,
1178:
1149:
s electric motors were damaged in a flooding incident during her trials.
1064:
990:
907:
717:
702:
697:
in April 1911 and served as a training boat through 1914, though she was
646:
415:
1781:
653:
in February 1909. She was 30.48 meters (100 ft 0 in) long and
2396:
1358:
1210:
1195:
1096:. While replacement diesel engines were ordered from the Austrian firm
868:
Our company had built the first two boats for the Austrian Government,
797:
623:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1082:
Upon completion of the submarine, the Austro-Hungarian Navy evaluated
1048:
1258:
1247:
1218:
1010:
950:
686:
666:
585:
574:
446:
338:
317:
1234:
1607:
1033:
986:
981:
for running submerged. The gasoline engines could produce 720
662:
550:
392:
334:
2168:
The Submarine in War and Peace: Its Developments and Possibilities
2148:
The Central Powers in the Adriatic, 1914–1918: War in a Narrow Sea
1597:
1595:
883:
The Submarine in War and Peace: Its Developments and Possibilities
1280:
1214:
1182:
733:
1901:
1246:. The damage caused by this collision destroyed the submarine's
1201:
By December 1912, the Austro-Hungarian Navy had, in addition to
2371:
1592:
1331:
678:
589:
1952:
1384:
855:
756:
was seized by Italian forces and subsequently granted to the
658:
330:
1853:
2048:
To Crown the Waves: The Great Navies of the First World War
2046:
Dickson, W. David; O'Hara, Vincent; Worth, Richard (2013).
2000:
1925:
1913:
1736:
1734:
1014:
963:
635:
450:
90:
34:
1942:
1940:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1582:
1580:
1988:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1101:
764:
in 1920. Italy chose to scrap the submarine, and she was
2251:
Sieche, Erwin F. (1980). "Austro-Hungarian Submarines".
2024:
935:
was increased to 30.76 meters (100 ft 11 in).
2236:. College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press.
2012:
1964:
1937:
1865:
1826:
1799:
1711:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1680:
1641:
1577:
2045:
1843:
1841:
1816:
1814:
1763:
1761:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1618:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1520:
724:
was in drydock awaiting new batteries and replacement
504:
277.5 t (273 long tons; 306 short tons) submerged
344:
248.9 t (245 long tons; 274 short tons) submerged
1976:
1658:
1656:
1024:
The submarine had three 45-centimeter (17.7 in)
534:
2 × electric motors, 200 bhp (150 kW) total
501:
223.0 t (219 long tons; 246 short tons) surfaced
1889:
1746:
1692:
1410:
did not sink or damage any ships during her career.
1877:
1838:
1811:
1758:
1668:
1624:
1560:
1537:
1435:, R. H. Gibson and Maurice Prendergast report that
453:) at 6 knots (11 km/h; 6.9 mph), surfaced
2229:
1653:
2361:
2099:
2067:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921
1907:
1601:
1508:
1043:
785:, ordered the Naval Technical Committee (German:
2501:
2304:. Annapolis, MD: United States Naval Institute.
1040:was designed for a crew of 17 officers and men.
2321:. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press.
2190:Journal of the Royal United Service Institution
2131:. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
2171:. Philadelphia, PA: J. B. Lippincott Company.
2104:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
1198:in the event of a war with Serbia and Russia.
1067:on 2 July 1907 at the Pola Navy Yard (German:
1032:was fitted with a 37-millimeter (1.5 in)
840:and her sister ship "proved a total failure".
744:to avoid having to hand its ships over to the
429:6 knots (11 km/h; 6.9 mph) submerged
2412:
2364:Die Schiffe der k.(u.)k. Kriegsmarine im Bild
2100:Gibson, R. H.; Prendergast, Maurice (2003) .
491:General characteristics (after modernization)
2302:The Imperial and Royal Austro-Hungarian Navy
2232:Argonaut: The Submarine Legacy of Simon Lake
846:Argonaut: The Submarine Legacy of Simon Lake
610:
553:(installed in 1917, removed in January 1918)
2362:Baumgartner, Lothar; Sieche, Erwin (1999).
1341:reforming the Empire into a triple monarchy
922:of 4.8 meters (15 ft 9 in) and a
16:Austro-Hungarian Navy's U-1-class submarine
2419:
2405:
2227:
2211:Austro-Hungarian Submarines in World War I
1586:
1454:Austro-Hungarian Submarines in World War I
901:
2525:World War I submarines of Austria-Hungary
1469:, had equally inadequate engines. (p. 16)
1237:, she was rammed by the Austro-Hungarian
2426:
2368:Austro-Hungarian Warships in Photographs
2316:
2183:
2145:
2129:Austro-Hungarian Warships of World War I
2064:
2050:. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press.
2018:
2006:
1970:
1946:
1931:
1919:
1871:
1805:
1740:
1686:
1531:
1257:
1047:
854:
1786:The Great War Primary Documents Archive
1446:
926:of 3.85 meters (12 ft 8 in).
607:kaiserliche und königliche Kriegsmarine
2502:
2338:Austro-Hungarian Naval Policy: 1904–14
2277:
2255:. Vol. 2. Naval Institute Press.
2250:
2126:
1994:
1982:
1832:
1782:"The Austro-Hungarian Submarine Force"
1705:
1647:
1635:
1571:
1554:
1482:
918:of 30.48 meters (100 ft), with a
2400:
2299:
2208:
2030:
1958:
1895:
1883:
1820:
1767:
1752:
1674:
1514:
1425:
945:under the bow and two variable pitch
514:30.76 m (100 ft 11 in)
186:
140:
47:
2335:
2164:
1859:
1847:
1662:
1488:
1402:were subsequently ceded to Italy as
354:30.48 m (100 ft 0 in)
2102:The German Submarine War, 1914–1918
1433:The German Submarine War, 1914–1918
1361:nationalities aboard his flagship,
742:State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
677:and wheels for traveling along the
673:included unique features such as a
150:State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
134:State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
13:
2355:
1779:
1270:The outbreak of World War I found
1152:
531:, 720 bhp (540 kW) total
486:(two front, one rear); 5 torpedoes
402:, 200 bhp (150 kW) total
370:3.85 m (12 ft 8 in)
303:General characteristics (as built)
14:
2541:
1357:meeting representatives from the
1283:on 2 November. The relocation of
466:40 meters (131 ft 3 in)
362:4.8 m (15 ft 9 in)
2487:List of Austro-Hungarian U-boats
1619:Dickson, O'Hara & Worth 2013
1005:had an operational range of 950
188:
142:
49:
24:
1773:
1452:Jiri Novak reports in his book
1392:Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
781:) of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
762:Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
264:26 June 1914 – 17 December 1915
252:20 September 1911 – 8 July 1913
226:Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
2213:. Sandomierz: Mushroom Model.
2065:Gardiner, Robert, ed. (1985).
1253:
1044:Construction and commissioning
592:built for and operated by the
482:3 × 45 cm (17.7 in)
282:18 January – 13 September 1917
270:17 December 1915 – 27 May 1916
1:
2374:: Verlagsbuchhandlung Stöhr.
2146:Koburger, Charles W. (2001).
2039:
1908:Gibson & Prendergast 2003
1602:Gibson & Prendergast 2003
962:, which necessitated a heavy
771:
641:Ordered on 24 November 1906,
549:1 × 37 mm (1.5 in)
276:27 May 1916 – 18 January 1917
228:in 1920 and broken up at Pola
2515:U-boats commissioned in 1911
2228:Poluhowich, John J. (1999).
1476:
1418:
977:for surface running and two
859:Simon Lake, designer of the
279:Eugen Hornyák Edler von Horn
246:15 April – 20 September 1911
7:
2317:Sondhaus, Lawrence (1994).
1370:
787:Marinetechnisches Kommittee
10:
2546:
1157:
969:The propulsion system for
649:in July 1907 before being
288:28 March – 31 October 1918
2482:
2459:
2437:
2150:. Westport, CT: Praeger.
1439:was launched in 1911 and
1377:Armistice of Villa Giusti
1056:-class submarine surfaced
815:
802:Lake Torpedo Boat Company
779:Generalschiffbauingenieur
750:Armistice of Villa Giusti
630:, and constructed at the
628:Lake Torpedo Boat Company
619:was designed by American
490:
302:
267:Klemens Ritter von Bezard
258:18 July 1913 – 2 May 1914
232:
224:Ceded to Italy under the
42:
23:
1961:, pp. 136–137, 139.
1862:, pp. 144–145, 153.
1413:
1177:in late 1912 during the
896:Austro-Hungarian U-boats
681:. Originally powered by
2336:Vego, Milan N. (1996).
2300:Sokol, Anthony (1968).
1375:Under the terms of the
902:General characteristics
806:Bridgeport, Connecticut
1267:
1057:
888:
864:
611:
606:
33:departs the harbor at
2340:. London: Routledge.
2281:Marine—Gestern, Heute
2184:Mitchell, W. (1908).
2127:Greger, René (1976).
2075:Naval Institute Press
1491:"WWI U-boats: KUK U1"
1489:Helgason, Guðmundur.
1383:. At a conference at
1262:The conning tower of
1261:
1079:on 10 February 1908.
1051:
866:
858:
685:for surface running,
594:Austro-Hungarian Navy
2510:U-1-class submarines
2209:Novak, Jiri (2011).
2165:Lake, Simon (1918).
1190:and her sister ship
1108:and her sister ship
824:and her sister ship
716:At the beginning of
124:late 1914–early 1915
2530:Ships built in Pola
2370:] (in German).
2071:Annapolis, Maryland
2033:, pp. 137–138.
2009:, pp. 357–359.
1997:, pp. 138–140.
1934:, pp. 351–352.
1922:, pp. 350–351.
1209:, a total of seven
701:briefly during the
612:k.u.k. Kriegsmarine
182:on 10 November 1918
178:Handed over to the
1268:
1104:annually for both
1058:
865:
752:in November 1918,
136:on 31 October 1918
2495:
2494:
2431:-class submarines
2381:978-3-901208-25-6
2347:978-0-7146-4209-3
2328:978-1-55753-034-9
2262:978-0-87021-976-4
2243:978-0-89096-894-9
2220:978-83-61421-44-3
2157:978-0-275-97071-0
2138:978-0-7110-0623-2
2111:978-1-59114-314-7
2084:978-0-87021-907-8
2057:978-1-61251-082-8
1835:, pp. 16–18.
1650:, pp. 17–18.
1443:in 1910. (p. 383)
973:consisted of two
863:-class submarines
812:—on 24 November.
559:
558:
2537:
2421:
2414:
2407:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2351:
2332:
2313:
2296:
2274:
2247:
2235:
2224:
2205:
2180:
2161:
2142:
2123:
2096:
2061:
2034:
2028:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2004:
1998:
1992:
1986:
1980:
1974:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1950:
1944:
1935:
1929:
1923:
1917:
1911:
1905:
1899:
1893:
1887:
1881:
1875:
1869:
1863:
1857:
1851:
1845:
1836:
1830:
1824:
1818:
1809:
1803:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1777:
1771:
1765:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1738:
1709:
1703:
1690:
1684:
1678:
1672:
1666:
1660:
1651:
1645:
1639:
1633:
1622:
1616:
1605:
1599:
1590:
1584:
1575:
1569:
1558:
1552:
1535:
1529:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1486:
1470:
1462:
1450:
1444:
1429:
1328:National Council
1227:Treaty of London
1148:
1141:
1133:
1126:
975:gasoline engines
886:
783:Siegfried Popper
758:Kingdom of Italy
748:. Following the
711:
683:gasoline engines
614:
601:
385:gasoline engines
255:Narciss Blessich
198:
193:
192:
191:
152:
147:
146:
145:
108:10 February 1909
78:24 November 1906
59:
54:
53:
52:
28:
21:
20:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2500:
2499:
2496:
2491:
2478:
2455:
2433:
2425:
2382:
2358:
2356:Further reading
2348:
2329:
2263:
2244:
2221:
2158:
2139:
2112:
2085:
2058:
2042:
2037:
2029:
2025:
2017:
2013:
2005:
2001:
1993:
1989:
1981:
1977:
1969:
1965:
1957:
1953:
1945:
1938:
1930:
1926:
1918:
1914:
1906:
1902:
1894:
1890:
1882:
1878:
1870:
1866:
1858:
1854:
1846:
1839:
1831:
1827:
1819:
1812:
1804:
1800:
1790:
1788:
1780:Sieche, Erwin.
1778:
1774:
1766:
1759:
1751:
1747:
1739:
1712:
1704:
1693:
1685:
1681:
1673:
1669:
1661:
1654:
1646:
1642:
1634:
1625:
1617:
1608:
1600:
1593:
1587:Poluhowich 1999
1585:
1578:
1570:
1561:
1553:
1538:
1530:
1521:
1513:
1509:
1499:
1497:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1463:s sister ship,
1460:
1451:
1447:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1404:war reparations
1373:
1308:. In mid-1918,
1256:
1239:armored cruiser
1160:
1155:
1153:Service history
1146:
1139:
1131:
1124:
1098:Maschinenfabrik
1046:
979:electric motors
904:
887:
880:
818:
800:, owner of the
774:
709:
621:naval architect
597:
400:electric motors
216:9 November 1918
194:
189:
187:
170:31 October 1918
148:
143:
141:
132:Transferred to
57:Austria-Hungary
55:
50:
48:
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2543:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2476:
2467:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2446:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2424:
2423:
2416:
2409:
2401:
2395:
2394:
2380:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2346:
2333:
2327:
2314:
2297:
2287:(1): 129–141.
2275:
2261:
2248:
2242:
2225:
2219:
2206:
2181:
2162:
2156:
2143:
2137:
2124:
2110:
2097:
2083:
2062:
2056:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2023:
2021:, p. 359.
2011:
1999:
1987:
1985:, p. 137.
1975:
1973:, p. 118.
1963:
1951:
1949:, p. 352.
1936:
1924:
1912:
1910:, p. 388.
1900:
1898:, p. 123.
1888:
1876:
1874:, p. 341.
1864:
1852:
1850:, p. 140.
1837:
1825:
1810:
1808:, p. 858.
1798:
1772:
1757:
1755:, p. 135.
1745:
1743:, p. 342.
1710:
1691:
1689:, p. 199.
1679:
1667:
1652:
1640:
1623:
1606:
1604:, p. 383.
1591:
1576:
1559:
1536:
1534:, p. 340.
1519:
1507:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1445:
1431:In their book
1423:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1372:
1369:
1364:Viribus Unitis
1324:their alliance
1255:
1252:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1045:
1042:
1007:nautical miles
943:diving chamber
916:overall length
903:
900:
878:
834:Vincent O'Hara
817:
814:
773:
770:
726:diesel engines
675:diving chamber
557:
556:
555:
554:
547:
542:
538:
537:
536:
535:
532:
529:diesel engines
525:
520:
516:
515:
512:
508:
507:
506:
505:
502:
497:
493:
492:
488:
487:
480:
476:
475:
472:
468:
467:
464:
460:
459:
458:
457:
454:
437:
433:
432:
431:
430:
427:
410:
406:
405:
404:
403:
396:
381:
376:
372:
371:
368:
364:
363:
360:
356:
355:
352:
348:
347:
346:
345:
342:
325:
321:
320:
309:
305:
304:
300:
299:
296:
292:
291:
290:
289:
286:
283:
280:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
259:
256:
253:
250:
247:
244:
243:Egon Marchetti
239:
235:
234:
233:Service record
230:
229:
222:
218:
217:
214:
210:
209:
204:
200:
199:
184:
183:
176:
172:
171:
168:
164:
163:
158:
154:
153:
138:
137:
130:
126:
125:
122:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
106:
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
87:Pola Navy Yard
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
65:
61:
60:
45:
44:
40:
39:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2542:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2498:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2475:
2473:
2469:Followed by:
2468:
2466:
2463:Preceded by:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2430:
2422:
2417:
2415:
2410:
2408:
2403:
2402:
2399:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2360:
2359:
2349:
2343:
2339:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2320:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2283:(in German).
2282:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2258:
2254:
2249:
2245:
2239:
2234:
2233:
2226:
2222:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2186:"Naval Notes"
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2169:
2163:
2159:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2134:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2063:
2059:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2043:
2032:
2027:
2020:
2019:Sondhaus 1994
2015:
2008:
2007:Sondhaus 1994
2003:
1996:
1991:
1984:
1979:
1972:
1971:Koburger 2001
1967:
1960:
1955:
1948:
1947:Sondhaus 1994
1943:
1941:
1933:
1932:Sondhaus 1994
1928:
1921:
1920:Sondhaus 1994
1916:
1909:
1904:
1897:
1892:
1886:, p. 67.
1885:
1880:
1873:
1872:Gardiner 1985
1868:
1861:
1856:
1849:
1844:
1842:
1834:
1829:
1823:, p. 16.
1822:
1817:
1815:
1807:
1806:Mitchell 1908
1802:
1787:
1783:
1776:
1770:, p. 10.
1769:
1764:
1762:
1754:
1749:
1742:
1741:Gardiner 1985
1737:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1708:, p. 17.
1707:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1688:
1687:Sondhaus 1994
1683:
1677:, p. 37.
1676:
1671:
1665:, p. 48.
1664:
1659:
1657:
1649:
1644:
1638:, p. 68.
1637:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1621:, p. 27.
1620:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1603:
1598:
1596:
1589:, p. 99.
1588:
1583:
1581:
1574:, p. 16.
1573:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1557:, p. 18.
1556:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1533:
1532:Gardiner 1985
1528:
1526:
1524:
1516:
1511:
1496:
1492:
1485:
1481:
1468:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1449:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1428:
1424:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1368:
1366:
1365:
1360:
1356:
1355:Miklós Horthy
1352:
1351:
1350:Konteradmiral
1346:
1342:
1336:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1306:Brioni Island
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1266:in March 1917
1265:
1260:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1223:torpedo boats
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1150:
1145:
1138:
1130:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1050:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1026:torpedo tubes
1022:
1020:
1019:diving planes
1016:
1013:; 1,090
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
967:
965:
961:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
934:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
906:Built with a
899:
897:
892:
884:
877:
875:
871:
862:
857:
853:
851:
847:
841:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
813:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
794:Marinesektion
790:
788:
784:
780:
769:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
746:Allied Powers
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
714:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
639:
637:
633:
629:
625:
622:
618:
613:
608:
604:
600:
595:
591:
587:
583:
581:
576:
572:
571:
566:
565:
552:
548:
545:
544:
543:
540:
539:
533:
530:
526:
523:
522:
521:
518:
517:
513:
510:
509:
503:
500:
499:
498:
495:
494:
489:
485:
484:torpedo tubes
481:
478:
477:
473:
470:
469:
465:
462:
461:
455:
452:
449:; 1,090
448:
444:
440:
439:
438:
435:
434:
428:
425:
421:
417:
413:
412:
411:
408:
407:
401:
397:
394:
390:
386:
382:
379:
378:
377:
374:
373:
369:
366:
365:
361:
358:
357:
353:
350:
349:
343:
340:
336:
332:
328:
327:
326:
323:
322:
319:
316:
314:
310:
307:
306:
301:
297:
294:
293:
287:
285:Othmar Printz
284:
281:
278:
275:
273:Franz Nejebsy
272:
269:
266:
263:
261:Franz Nejebsy
260:
257:
254:
251:
248:
245:
242:
241:
240:
237:
236:
231:
227:
223:
220:
219:
215:
212:
211:
208:
205:
202:
201:
197:
185:
181:
180:Allied powers
177:
174:
173:
169:
166:
165:
162:
159:
156:
155:
151:
139:
135:
131:
128:
127:
123:
120:
119:
116:15 April 1911
115:
112:
111:
107:
104:
103:
99:
96:
95:
92:
88:
85:
82:
81:
77:
74:
73:
70:
66:
63:
62:
58:
46:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2497:
2471:
2464:
2449:
2442:
2441:
2428:
2367:
2363:
2337:
2318:
2301:
2284:
2280:
2252:
2231:
2210:
2193:
2189:
2167:
2147:
2128:
2101:
2066:
2047:
2026:
2014:
2002:
1990:
1978:
1966:
1954:
1927:
1915:
1903:
1891:
1879:
1867:
1855:
1828:
1801:
1789:. Retrieved
1785:
1775:
1748:
1682:
1670:
1643:
1517:, p. 9.
1510:
1498:. Retrieved
1494:
1484:
1465:
1457:
1453:
1448:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1407:
1399:
1395:
1389:
1380:
1374:
1363:
1348:
1345:Rear Admiral
1337:
1315:
1309:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1276:
1271:
1269:
1263:
1242:
1230:
1206:
1202:
1200:
1191:
1187:
1170:
1167:commissioned
1162:
1161:
1143:
1136:
1128:
1121:
1116:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1097:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1072:
1068:
1060:
1059:
1053:
1037:
1029:
1023:
1009:(1,760
1002:
997:; 11.9
970:
968:
964:ballast keel
954:
938:
937:
932:
927:
911:
905:
890:
889:
882:
881:Simon Lake,
873:
869:
867:
860:
849:
845:
842:
837:
829:
825:
821:
819:
809:
793:
791:
786:
778:
775:
753:
729:
721:
715:
706:
695:commissioned
690:
670:
642:
640:
616:
579:
569:
568:
563:
561:
560:
496:Displacement
445:(1,760
422:; 11.9
324:Displacement
312:
249:Otto Zeidler
206:
160:
113:Commissioned
68:
30:
18:
1995:Sieche 1985
1983:Sieche 1985
1833:Sieche 1980
1706:Sieche 1980
1648:Sieche 1980
1636:Greger 1976
1572:Sieche 1980
1555:Sieche 1980
1254:World War I
1243:Sankt Georg
1211:battleships
1179:Balkan Wars
993:(19.1
908:double hull
718:World War I
703:Balkan Wars
659:metric tons
418:(19.1
387:, 720
329:229.7
238:Commanders:
100:2 July 1907
2520:1909 ships
2504:Categories
2040:References
2031:Novak 2011
1959:Sokol 1968
1896:Novak 2011
1884:Novak 2011
1821:Novak 2011
1768:Novak 2011
1753:Novak 2011
1675:Sokol 1968
1515:Novak 2011
1359:South Slav
1219:destroyers
1196:Aegean Sea
1069:Seearsenal
985:(540
951:sea trials
947:propellers
798:Simon Lake
772:Background
760:under the
687:sea trials
667:short tons
624:Simon Lake
586:submarines
524:2 × shafts
519:Propulsion
471:Complement
463:Test depth
426:) surfaced
391:(540
380:2 × shafts
375:Propulsion
341:) surfaced
339:short tons
295:Victories:
2310:462208412
2293:648103394
2271:233144055
2177:656930559
1860:Vego 1996
1848:Vego 1996
1791:27 August
1663:Lake 1918
1477:Citations
1419:Footnotes
1347:(German:
1248:periscope
1175:mobilized
1065:laid down
777:(German:
766:broken up
699:mobilized
663:long tons
655:displaced
647:laid down
632:Navy Yard
599:‹See Tfd›
575:lead boat
441:950
335:long tons
318:submarine
97:Laid down
2390:43596931
2120:52924732
2093:12119866
1500:5 August
1371:Post-war
1217:, eight
1215:cruisers
1183:Prisrena
1077:launched
1034:deck gun
879:—
651:launched
573:was the
551:deck gun
541:Armament
479:Armament
213:Acquired
167:Acquired
105:Launched
2253:Warship
2202:8007941
2196:(359).
1394:. Both
1281:Trieste
1158:Pre-war
924:draught
914:had an
734:Trieste
626:of the
590:U-boats
577:of the
395:) total
83:Builder
75:Ordered
43:History
37:in 1914
2388:
2378:
2344:
2325:
2308:
2291:
2269:
2259:
2240:
2217:
2200:
2175:
2154:
2135:
2118:
2108:
2091:
2081:
2054:
1332:Zagreb
1319:Karl I
1235:Fasana
1213:, six
885:(1918)
816:Design
738:Brioni
679:seabed
665:; 253
657:229.7
603:German
582:-class
511:Length
351:Length
337:; 253
315:-class
2474:class
2366:[
1461:'
1456:that
1414:Notes
1385:Corfu
1221:, 28
1147:'
1140:'
1132:'
1125:'
991:knots
848:that
710:'
661:(226
436:Range
416:knots
414:10.3
409:Speed
367:Draft
333:(226
196:Italy
121:Refit
2465:None
2386:OCLC
2376:ISBN
2372:Wien
2342:ISBN
2323:ISBN
2306:OCLC
2289:OCLC
2267:OCLC
2257:ISBN
2238:ISBN
2215:ISBN
2198:OCLC
2173:OCLC
2152:ISBN
2133:ISBN
2116:OCLC
2106:ISBN
2089:OCLC
2079:ISBN
2052:ISBN
1793:2018
1502:2018
1398:and
1292:and
1205:and
1173:was
1165:was
1075:was
1063:was
995:km/h
960:hull
920:beam
872:and
693:was
645:was
636:Pola
527:2 ×
420:km/h
398:2 ×
383:2 ×
359:Beam
308:Type
298:None
221:Fate
203:Name
175:Fate
157:Name
129:Fate
91:Pola
64:Name
35:Pola
2472:U-3
2450:U-2
2443:U-1
2429:U-1
2194:LII
1466:U-2
1458:U-1
1441:U-2
1437:U-1
1408:U-1
1400:U-2
1396:U-1
1381:U-1
1330:in
1310:U-1
1302:U-1
1298:U-1
1294:U-2
1290:U-1
1285:U-1
1277:U-1
1272:U-1
1264:U-1
1231:U-1
1207:U-2
1203:U-1
1192:U-2
1188:U-1
1171:U-1
1163:U-1
1144:U-1
1137:U-1
1129:U-1
1122:U-1
1117:U-1
1110:U-2
1106:U-1
1102:USD
1094:U-1
1089:U-1
1084:U-1
1073:U-1
1061:U-1
1054:U-1
1038:U-1
1030:U-1
1003:U-1
999:mph
983:bhp
971:U-1
955:U-1
953:of
939:U-1
933:U-1
928:U-1
912:U-1
891:U-1
874:U-2
870:U-1
861:U-1
850:U-1
838:U-1
830:U-1
826:U-2
822:U-1
810:U-1
804:of
754:U-1
730:U-1
722:U-1
707:U-1
691:U-1
671:U-1
643:U-1
634:in
617:U-1
615:).
609:or
588:or
584:of
580:U-1
570:U-I
567:or
564:U-1
562:SM
443:nmi
424:mph
389:bhp
313:U-1
207:U-1
161:U-1
69:U-1
67:SM
31:U-1
2506::
2384:.
2285:12
2265:.
2192:.
2188:.
2114:.
2087:.
2077:.
2073::
2069:.
1939:^
1840:^
1813:^
1784:.
1760:^
1713:^
1694:^
1655:^
1626:^
1609:^
1594:^
1579:^
1562:^
1539:^
1522:^
1493:.
1353:)
1250:.
1112:.
1052:A
1015:mi
1011:km
987:kW
910:,
728:.
720:,
705:.
605::
474:17
451:mi
447:km
393:kW
89:,
2420:e
2413:t
2406:v
2392:.
2350:.
2331:.
2312:.
2295:.
2273:.
2246:.
2223:.
2204:.
2179:.
2160:.
2141:.
2122:.
2095:.
2060:.
1795:.
1504:.
596:(
331:t
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)