222:
Porokanya's prime coastal lands as if they have always been a part of the reserve in so doing changing the agreement with those villagers. Compelling research shows how after this TANAPA proceeded to gazette most of
Saadani's coastal lands as part of the Saadani National Park in 2005, arguing that they have always being a part of the former reserve and belonged to the Park. Spatial analysis on the area of the former Saadani Game reserve, illustrates TANAPA's strategy to gazette Saadani's prime coastal lands as if they have always been a part of the SGR. The total extent of SGR is said to have been approximately 209 km (81 sq mi), however, the SGR official gazette document states that it comprised approximately 300 km (120 sq mi),
263:
needed to combat the sevenfold increase in poaching activity being faced by the park in the last seven years. No less than 10 of the 17 villages adjacent to the park have their own community-conserved areas, equivalent to no less than 20% of area identified as park lands. Despite the level of environmental awareness of these adjacent villages and the importance of corridors and ecosystem connectivity to successful ecological conservation, the villages’ conservation efforts have not been linked to park efforts but at present represent a threat to park authorities. For park authorities, it is within villages’ conserved areas where more often than not poaching is seen to be taking place.
251:
park. This despite numerous communications taking place since the early 2000s where village leaders continuously reiterate that Uvinje lands have never been a part of the reserve and that they will not vacate their lands . Important park establishment documents illustrate that TANAPA's argument for gazetting lands from two
Saadani coastal sub-villages is that they have always being part of the former game reserve, an argument that seem to have allowed them to move forward gazetting the coastal lands without coming to an agreement with the leaders at that time, who have reiterated that they did not agree to giving coastal lands to TANAPA.
235:
59:
214:. In the late 1960s Saadani Village – the village after which the park has been named – and particularly its sub-village Uvinje, invited the Tanzania Wildlife Division (WD) to help them to prevent the indiscriminate killing of wildlife prevalent in the area. From this partnership Saadani village and the Wildlife Division established the Saadani Game Reserve (SGR), with the agreement to respect the land rights of the coastal sub-villages of Saadani, including Uvinje and Porokanya sub-villages, while also addressing the needs of wildlife.
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66:
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43:
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going to give their traditional territory for any amount of compensation money. Such community assertions and actions certainly challenge traditional conceptions of economic gain as the central motivation in park community-conflicts, and suggest that deeply rooted spatial-cultural territorial connections are as essential as and perhaps even more important to people's collective welfare than material benefits.
254:
In summary, the SNP boundaries and lands have been officially contested by
District authorities and no less than 6 villages, while at least 4 adjacent villages are engaged in higher level advocacy to have park boundaries reassessed. However, of all the villages, it is Saadani which faces the greatest
258:
At present, and after more than a decade of institutional struggles, Saadani village has resisted TANAPA's various approaches to take possession of the now sub-village's gazetted territory and have consistently demanded that their land rights be restored, and continue to reiterate that they are not
250:
By law, setting aside areas for conservation has to be consulted on, at least to some extent, with affected villages. However, it was not until late in 2005 that the village of
Saadani and leaders of its Uvinje sub-village realized that the full extent of Uvinje's lands were gazetted as part of the
225:
The vagueness of the language used in the reserve's official gazette, but also TANAPA's early interventions to develop its own map of the reserve, and its interests in
Saadani's sub-villages’ prime coastal lands have come to challenge Saadani's coastal sub-villages’ rights to lawfully inhabit their
271:
The Park experiences an
Eastern African coastal climate with bimodal rainfall, which ranges 800 – 1200mm annually. Long rains fall from March to June and short ones from October to December. February and July are the best driest months with peak temperatures reaching up to 29C. The best period for
262:
To this day, park governance and management approaches have been unable to gain the support of surrounding villages, which traditionally have been very conservation minded, for addressing poaching and for collaboratively sustaining landscape level conservation efforts. All of which are desperately
217:
As such, conservation interventions in the
Saadani landscape have taken place since the mid-1960s and have been supported by villagers traditionally inhabiting the Saadani landscape, but it is only recently that state-managed conservation has become a growing concern among the villages adjacent to
221:
In the late 1990s, Mr. Domician Njao, from
Tanzania National Parks Authority (TANAPA) came in to "upgrade" the reserve to a National Park, and create the first and only coastal national park of Tanzania. In doing so, park authorities redrew the boundaries of the reserve to include Uvinje's and
226:
traditional territories, and have led to chronic political and other battles to demand presently gazetted park lands rescinded, the reestablishment of land rights to traditional inhabitants, and to demand from TANAPA to honour commitments made earlier by
Wildlife Division.
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Saadani's wildlife population is increasing during recent years after it has been gazetted as a
National Park and was a hunting block beforehand. Wildlife in Saadani includes four of the Big Five, namely
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challenges on the gazetting of a large part of its coastal territory which, by all accounts, has been done unilaterally. Saadani is also the village with the largest strip of coastal land.
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1991:
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and has an area of 1,062 km (410 sq mi). It was officially gazetted in 2005 and is managed under the
1910:
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2006:
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1655:
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1224:
841:
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8:
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967:
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Saadani National Park Map and extent of former village lands now gazetted as park lands.
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including the former Saadani game reserve, the former Mkwaja ranch area, the
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visits is the dry season, although the Park remains attractive year-round.
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670:
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https://web.archive.org/web/20090221121711/http://www.saadanipark.org/
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509:"2006_RC letter to Tanapa to restitutelands2Uvinje_Eng&Swahili"
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527:"2003_NewsReport_Villagers opposing gazettment of their land"
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178:. The park is located administratively in southeast
2467:Northern Zanzibar–Inhambane coastal forest mosaic
466:"Research for Change | Research informing action"
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1801:
417:"Tanzania National parks Corporate Information"
395:Since 2005, the protected area is considered a
2401:Tanzania Wildlife Management Authority (TAWA)
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1251:
787:
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485:
483:
202:Gazetted in 2005, it encompasses a preserved
65:
230:The Current Status of Saadani National Park
2393:Tanzania National Parks Authority (TANAPA)
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1244:
794:
780:
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480:
2388:Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism
445:Tanzania National Parks official website
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241:
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2462:Tourist attractions in the Tanga Region
409:
2429:
2406:Marine Parks and Reserves Unit (MPRU)
1775:
1239:
775:
601:
575:
2397:Tanzania Forest Service Agency (TFS)
2243:Mnazi Bay-Ruvuma Estuary Marine Park
1756:Ulenge Island Front Range Lighthouse
2452:Protected areas established in 2005
1761:Ulenge Island Rear Range Lighthouse
546:Conservation Strategy for the Lion
13:
544:IUCN Cat Specialist Group (2006).
14:
2478:
2414:Ngorongoro Conservation Authority
560:
176:Tanzania National Parks Authority
144:Tanzania National Parks Authority
1265:
801:
64:
57:
41:
2457:2005 establishments in Tanzania
1616:Handeni National Forest Reserve
552:. Pretoria, South Africa: IUCN.
1169:Mafia Islands Marine Reserves
550:in Eastern and Southern Africa
537:
519:
501:
491:"Saadani Game Reserve Gazette"
458:
439:
246:One of the villages in Saadani
1:
2341:Mafia Islands Marine Reserve
1749:Shabaan Robert Museum, Machui
470:researchimpacts.wordpress.com
402:
2248:Dar es Salaam Marine Reserve
2233:Tanga Coelacanth Marine Park
1746:Shabaan Robert's House, Duga
1621:Tanga Coelacanth Marine Park
392:are also found in the park.
7:
2370:Menai Bay Conservation Area
1737:Heritage Monuments of Tanga
1643:Kisima Gonja Forest Reserve
1594:National Parks and Reserves
1215:Heritage Monuments of Pwani
1121:National Parks and Reserves
754:National Parks and Reserves
275:
10:
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2442:National parks of Tanzania
2410:Tanzania Wildlife Division
1153:Kazimzumbwi Forest Reserve
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197:
2447:Geography of Tanga Region
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2065:
1939:
1813:
1736:
1701:
1593:
1557:
1498:
1447:
1400:
1349:
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1273:
1214:
1193:
1148:Pugu Hills Forest Reserve
1143:Masanganya Forest Reserve
1120:
1095:
1029:
952:
916:
875:
819:
809:
753:
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716:
690:
619:
609:
318:Lichtenstein's hartebeest
149:
139:
135:15,415 (in 2012)
131:
123:
115:
78:
52:
40:
26:
21:
16:National Park in Tanzania
2361:Zanzibar Marine Reserve
2238:Mafia Island Marine Park
1133:Mafia Island Marine Park
423:. TANAPA. Archived from
1625:Magoroto Forest Reserve
1401:National Historic Sites
1166:Mangrove Forest Reserve
1157:Chakenge Forest Reserve
917:National Historic Sites
2068:nature forest reserves
1729:Chambolo Peak (2,289m)
1649:Kitumbi Forest Reserve
1646:Shagayu Forest Reserve
1640:Ndelemi Forest Reserve
1637:Magamba Forest Reserve
1558:Major Cities and Towns
1316:Korogwe Urban District
1163:Malenda Forest Reserve
1160:Kisanga Forest Reserve
1138:Vikindu Forest Reserve
1096:Major Cities and Towns
1064:Mbezi River (Mkuranga)
924:Bagamoyo Historic Town
733:Major Cities and Towns
302:African bush elephants
292:
247:
239:
1628:Mhamba Forest Reserve
1611:Saadani National Park
1606:Mkomazi National Park
1225:Ras Mkumbi Lighthouse
1128:Saadani National Park
761:Saadani National Park
447:Saadani National Park
283:
245:
237:
164:Saadani National Park
22:Saadani National Park
2300:Tanga Marine Reserve
1601:Amani Nature Reserve
1301:Handeni Town Council
1021:North Fanjove Island
427:on 17 September 2008
2066:Forest reserves and
1743:Urithi Tanga Museum
1652:Gole Forest Reserve
1634:Baga Forest Reserve
1631:Nilo Forest Reserve
399:Conservation Unit.
140:Governing body
96: /
2365:Chumbe Marine Park
1911:Udzungwa Mountains
1714:Usambara Mountains
1702:Landmarks of Tanga
1194:Landmarks of Pwani
983:Shungumbili Island
452:2012-09-20 at the
293:
248:
240:
2424:
2423:
2185:Uluguru Mountains
1931:Rumanyika-Karagwe
1836:Jozani Chwaka Bay
1769:
1768:
1233:
1232:
1201:Mafia Archipelago
862:Mkuranga District
852:Kisarawe District
832:Chalinze District
827:Bagamoyo District
769:
768:
603:Chalinze District
188:Chalinze District
161:
160:
2474:
2437:IUCN Category II
2125:West Kilimanjaro
2007:Mpanga-Kipengere
1977:Lukwika-Lumesule
1861:Mahale Mountains
1796:
1789:
1782:
1773:
1772:
1499:Rivers and Lakes
1336:Pangani District
1321:Lushoto District
1311:Korogwe District
1306:Kilindi District
1296:Handeni District
1291:Bumbuli District
1260:
1253:
1246:
1237:
1236:
1052:Ngerengere River
1030:Rivers and Lakes
1016:Pemba Juu Island
796:
789:
782:
773:
772:
717:Rivers and Lakes
596:
589:
582:
573:
572:
554:
553:
541:
535:
534:
523:
517:
516:
505:
499:
498:
487:
478:
477:
472:. Archived from
462:
456:
443:
437:
436:
434:
432:
413:
326:blue wildebeests
212:Zaraninge Forest
180:Pangani District
157:
111:
110:
108:
107:
106:
101:
100:6.000°S 38.750°E
97:
94:
93:
92:
89:
68:
67:
61:
45:
19:
18:
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2481:
2477:
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2420:
2376:
2225:
2219:
2067:
2061:
1935:
1809:
1803:Protected areas
1800:
1770:
1765:
1732:
1697:
1589:
1553:
1516:Mkulumuzi River
1494:
1443:
1396:
1345:
1331:Muheza District
1326:Mkinga District
1279:
1269:
1264:
1234:
1229:
1221:Bagamoyo Church
1210:
1189:
1116:
1091:
1060:Kogamimba River
1025:
988:Barakuni Island
948:
912:
871:
867:Rufiji District
847:Kibiti District
837:Kibaha District
815:
805:
800:
770:
765:
749:
728:
712:
686:
615:
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563:
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459:
454:Wayback Machine
444:
440:
430:
428:
415:
414:
410:
405:
374:sable antelopes
358:Colobus monkeys
330:bohor reedbucks
278:
269:
232:
210:as well as the
200:
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2190:Udzungwa Scarp
2187:
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2177:
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2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1896:Saanane Island
1893:
1888:
1886:Rubondo Island
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1817:
1815:
1814:National Parks
1811:
1810:
1799:
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1791:
1784:
1776:
1767:
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1764:
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1753:
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1747:
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1727:
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1719:Nguu Mountains
1716:
1711:
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1546:Lwengera River
1543:
1538:
1536:Msangazi River
1533:
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1518:
1513:
1508:
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1475:Karange Island
1472:
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1350:Native Peoples
1347:
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1341:Tanga District
1338:
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1308:
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1044:
1039:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1010:
1008:Fanjove Island
1005:
1000:
998:Jibondo Island
995:
990:
985:
980:
978:Nyororo Island
975:
970:
965:
962:
956:
954:
950:
949:
947:
946:
941:
939:Kisimani Mafia
936:
931:
926:
920:
918:
914:
913:
911:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
879:
877:
876:Native Peoples
873:
872:
870:
869:
864:
859:
857:Mafia District
854:
849:
844:
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829:
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730:
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714:
713:
711:
710:
705:
700:
694:
692:
691:Native Peoples
688:
687:
685:
684:
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476:on 2014-06-29.
457:
438:
421:Tanzania Parks
407:
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382:hippopotamuses
350:vervet monkeys
346:yellow baboons
314:Masai giraffes
306:Cape buffaloes
277:
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33:national park
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29:IUCN category
25:
20:
2335:Tanga Island
2268:Fungu Yasini
2226:and reserves
2224:Marine parks
2205:Mount Rungwe
2170:Mount Hanang
2145:West Chenene
1926:Burigi-Chato
1916:Ugalla River
1890:
1856:Lake Manyara
1826:Gombe Stream
1723:Irente Views
1709:Amboni Caves
1691:Tanga Island
1610:
1526:Saunyi River
1485:Tanga Island
1480:Yambe Island
1470:Kwale Island
1465:Kirui Island
1455:Mwewe Island
1439:Yambe Island
1416:Tanga Island
1412:Bombo Kaburi
1267:Tanga Region
1206:Rufiji River
1127:
1085:Lake Siwandu
1082:Lake Mzizima
1067:Mzinga River
1037:Rufiji River
993:Chole Island
973:Juani Island
968:Kwale Island
960:Mafia Island
803:Pwani Region
760:
549:
548:Panthera leo
545:
539:
530:
521:
512:
503:
494:
474:the original
469:
460:
441:
429:. Retrieved
425:the original
420:
411:
394:
354:blue monkeys
294:
289:Green monkey
284:
270:
261:
257:
253:
249:
224:
220:
216:
201:
192:Pwani Region
184:Tanga Region
163:
162:
155:Park website
2345:Shungumbili
2100:Kazimzumbwi
2085:Lake Duluti
2047:Swaga Swaga
1846:Kilimanjaro
1752:Old Korogwe
1726:Mkuzi Falls
1173:Shungumbili
1076:Lake Utenge
1003:Koma Island
964:Jina Island
929:Kaole Ruins
680:Ubenazomozi
531:calameo.com
513:calameo.com
495:calameo.com
431:22 December
338:red duikers
124:Established
103: /
79:Coordinates
2431:Categories
2155:Essimingor
2150:ChemiChemi
2095:Pugu Hills
2090:Biharamulo
2017:Ngorongoro
1992:Mkungunero
1550:Lake Manka
1541:Soni River
1531:Umba River
1511:Sigi River
1088:Lake Mkube
1070:Lake Manze
1047:Ruvu River
1042:Wami River
893:Ndengereko
724:Wami River
403:References
386:crocodiles
370:porcupines
322:waterbucks
218:the park.
208:Wami River
2283:Makatumbi
2263:Pangavini
2160:Kilombero
2140:Kilombero
2130:Kilombero
2110:Kilombero
1967:Liparamba
1957:Kijereshi
1906:Tarangire
1901:Serengeti
1284:Districts
1275:Capital:
944:Kua Ruins
820:Districts
811:Capital:
676:Talawanda
611:Capital:
362:mongooses
204:ecosystem
2355:Barakuni
2215:Meru-Usa
2120:Mwambesi
2002:Moyowosi
1997:Msanjesi
1952:Ikorongo
1807:Tanzania
1183:Barakuni
1103:Bagamoyo
745:Chalinze
640:Kiwangwa
627:Bwilingu
613:Bwilingu
450:Archived
378:warthogs
342:Dik-Diks
310:leopards
276:Wildlife
170:'s 13th
168:Tanzania
132:Visitors
119:1100 km²
2350:Nyororo
2288:Kimbubu
2253:Bongoyo
2210:Magamba
2165:Minziro
2135:Pindiro
2105:Vikindu
1972:Lukwati
1947:Grumeti
1891:Saadani
1876:Nyerere
1871:Mkomazi
1585:Handeni
1580:Lushoto
1575:Korogwe
1570:Pangani
1448:Islands
1426:Mnarani
1421:Muhembo
1178:Nyororo
953:Islands
683:Vigwaza
647:Mandera
637:Kimange
634:Kibindu
285:Ngedere
267:Climate
198:History
150:Website
91:38°45′E
2330:Maziwi
2320:Ulenge
2293:Latham
2278:Kendwa
2258:Mbudya
2180:Mkingu
2052:Uwanda
2042:Selous
2037:Rungwa
2012:Muhesi
1962:Kizigo
1921:Kigosi
1866:Mikumi
1851:Kitulo
1841:Katavi
1821:Arusha
1686:Maziwi
1676:Ulenge
1565:Muheza
1382:Bondei
1377:Segeju
1372:Dhaiso
1357:Sambaa
1113:Kibiti
1107:Kibaha
898:Rufiji
888:Zaramo
842:Kibaha
813:Kibaha
658:Mkange
651:Mbwewe
643:Lugoba
631:Kerege
366:genets
334:common
88:6°00′S
2325:Yambe
2315:Kwale
2310:Mwewe
2305:Kirui
2273:Sinda
2200:Chome
2175:Rondo
2075:Amani
2057:Pande
2032:Rukwa
2022:Pande
1987:Maswa
1982:Lwafi
1881:Ruaha
1681:Yambe
1671:Kwale
1666:Mwewe
1661:Kirui
1656:Tanga
1434:Vugha
1430:Ndumi
1392:Mbugu
1387:Ngulu
1362:Zigua
1277:Tanga
1110:Msata
934:Chole
908:Zigua
883:Kwere
740:Msata
708:Zigua
698:Kwere
667:Msoga
663:Msata
654:Miono
620:Wards
298:lions
2195:Nilo
2027:Piti
1367:Digo
671:Pera
433:2015
397:Lion
336:and
308:and
127:2005
116:Area
31:II (
2115:Rau
1805:of
903:Doe
703:Doe
190:of
182:of
166:is
2433::
529:.
511:.
493:.
482:^
468:.
419:.
388:,
384:,
380:,
376:,
372:,
368:,
364:,
360:,
356:,
352:,
348:,
344:,
340:,
332:,
328:,
324:,
320:,
316:,
312:.
304:,
300:,
194:.
1795:e
1788:t
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795:e
788:t
781:v
595:e
588:t
581:v
533:.
515:.
497:.
435:.
291:)
287:(
35:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
