Mikheil Saakashvili

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UNM's political council rejected Saakashvili's calls to boycott. Saakashvili slammed the decision and said that he had no desire to maintain contact with "one or two whimsical persons" from UNM, accusing them of "prescribing defeat" for the party. On 1 December, the political council voted to hold a congress in January to elect a new chairman. Saakashvili lost his right to be UNM's chairman in June 2015, when he was deprived of Georgian citizenship because under Georgian legislation only Georgian citizens can chair political parties in Georgia. Since then, this position remained vacant. Some influential members of the party expressed support for further leaving the position vacant to avoid distancing the party from Mikheil Saakashvili and said that they would raise the issue on congress. Saakashvili supported the idea of holding congress, while some members of the party, under the leadership of Giga Bokeria and Davit Bakradze, accused Saakashvili of "hijacking" the congress organization in circumvention of the political council.

2970:. A majority of the UNM's electoral list defected to European Georgia faction in the parliament, leaving the UNM with six members in parliament. Saakashvili thanked loyal members of the party for opposing efforts to "distance me from the party" and what he called "Ivanishvili's attempt to take over the United National Movement". He voiced the common belief among the UNM voters that these defections were encouraged by the ruling Georgian Dream Coalition in order to weaken its opposition. On 20 January, the UNM congress supported the proposal not to elect the party chairman until Mikheil Saakashvili would return to Georgia. The European Georgia members accused the UNM of "betraying the values of Rose Revolution" and turning to populism. In an interview with the online news website Netgazeti, Giorgi Ugulava distinguished the EG as being more liberal than the UNM, specifically describing the UNM as populist and communitarian. 3449:

acquired large number of state property by president's orders, and as a result, Saakashvili's family has emerged as one of the richest families in Georgia by the end of his second term. According to allegations, Saakashvili's family has taken over much of the higher education sector (his mother owning shares in several universities in Tbilisi), the spa industry and the advertisement sector. The opposition also accused then president Saakashvili of overseeing a system of elite corruption encompassing oil and minerals. Saakashvili denied accusations of his political opponents, claiming that his administration has been one of the most successful in eliminating corruption. He accused his opponents of spreading lies and not being honest. After leaving presidential post, Saakashvili has been charged by

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decided to transform the nearby Road Traffic Police building into the new presidential residence. Gelashvili agreed but requested the construction works of the new presidential residence to be carried out by his construction firm Evra. Gelashvili alleged in the interview that the government had not paid the firm for construction. He later blamed authorities and Saakashvili for ordering his attack. When the new government came into power in 2012, they promised to start investigation. On 28 June 2018, Tbilisi City Court sentenced former President Mikheil Saakashvili to six years in prison in absentia for, among other crimes, ordering the attack on Valeri Gelashvili in 2005. Saakashvili was also banned from taking any state post for two years and three months.

1560: 1665:, who largely ignored the central Georgian government and was viewed by many as a pro-Russian politician. The crisis threatened to develop into an armed confrontation, but Saakashvili's government managed to resolve the conflict peacefully, forcing Abashidze to resign on 6 May 2004. Success in Adjara encouraged the new president to intensify his efforts towards bringing the breakaway South Ossetia back under the Georgian jurisdiction. The separatist authorities responded with intense militarization in the region, that led to armed clashes in August 2004. A stalemate ensued, and despite a peace plan proposed by the Georgian government in 2005, the conflict remains unresolved. In late July 2006, Saakashvili's government dealt successfully with 1817:

all public hospitals and clinics, and the insurance system was deregulated, with private insurance companies able to offer coverage. Only a few specialized facilities for mental health and infectious diseases remained in government hands, and the state continued to provide health insurance for those below the poverty line, whose insurance was paid for by public funds and provided by private insurers, and some civil servants, amounting to about 40% of the population. As a result, the level of healthcare greatly improved, with new hospitals and clinics beginning to replace older facilities. However, a portion of the population was left uninsured, as it could not afford private insurance and did not qualify for public insurance.

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and schools and medical facilities falling into disrepair. Saakashvili set out on a massive reform programme. He systematically fired politicians, public officials, and police officers suspected of corruption and significantly raised the salaries of state employees to the point where they could depend on their salaries rather than bribes for a living. Many oligarchs who had dominated the economy were arrested, with most agreeing to pay massive fines into the state budget in exchange for their freedom. Saakashvili reformed the economy by cutting

2258: 1548: 816: 3462: 1838: 2936:, Saakashvili said that he was confident that "we are winning the election" and promised to return to Georgia and take part in forming a new government. Founder of the ruling Georgian Dream party Bidzina Ivanishvili accused Saakashvili of planning to stir disorders, which Saakashvili denied and in turn accused Ivanishvili of "blaming opponents for what he himself is planning". On 26 September 2016, Saakashvili addressed his supporters at the United National Movement's campaign rally in 1853: 2686:, the president takes decisions on who is stripped of Ukrainian citizenship based on the conclusions of the citizenship commission". Saakashvili, in response to his being stripped of citizenship, replied: "I have only one citizenship, that of Ukraine, and I will not be deprived of it! Now there is an attempt under way to force me to become a refugee. This will not happen! I will fight for my legal right to return to Ukraine!" A Ukrainian legislator from the 2138: 115: 1826: 2122: 1325: 1713:. Due to the establishment of a functioning taxation and customs infrastructure, the state budget increased by 300% within three years. The government massively upgraded infrastructure and public services. In particular, water and power infrastructure was improved to the point where it functioned effectively, schools and hospitals were renovated, more roads were laid, and new housing developments were built. 3098:, a leader of the United National Movement, came under criticism for ending a demonstration without presenting a plan of action or scheduling further protests, some even questioning his ability to lead the party and his loyalty to Saakashvili, pointing at the alleged internal power struggle within the party between Melia and Saakashvili. Melia responded to criticism by denying the existence of any conflict. 36: 2402:

Gia Alania, Avtandil Aptsiauri, Alexander Gachava and Mikhail Bibiluridze, who were convicted for causing the death of bank employee Sandro Girgvliani on 28 January 2006, as well as for unlawful actions against his friend Levan Bukhaidze. He was also to be questioned as a witness for nine criminal cases, including the death of the Prime Minister of Georgia Zurab Zhvania in 2005.

2948:, purportedly of a call between Mikheil Saakashvili and other UNM leaders discussing the need to pursue a "revolutionary scenario". The State Security Service launched an investigation into charges of "conspiracy to overthrow or to seize state power". Saakashvili denied the authenticity of the conversation and accused Bidzina Ivanishvili of trying to "avoid unavoidable defeat". 2941:

instructing the leader of the organization Koba Khabazi to prepare for staging disorders. In response to allegations, the State Security Service of Georgia launched an investigation into charges of sabotage. Other members of the Free Zone distanced themselves from these claims and in turn accused the defecting group of being under influence of the State Security Service.

1733:- while most of the country's neighbours are ranked somewhere in the hundreds. The World Bank noted a significant improvement in living conditions in Georgia, reporting that "Georgia's transformation since 2003 has been remarkable. The lights are on, the streets are safe, and public services are corruption free." Doing Business report founder 2059:

to large-scale bribery through extortion and negligence while serving as minister, he retracted his accusations against the president and said that he did so to gain some political benefit and that Badri Patarkatsishvili told him to do so. Okruashvili's lawyer and other opposition leaders said his retraction had been made under duress.

3332:. He stated that there is no relevant evidence of Saakashvili being tortured and noted that the state "can not be held responsible for self-harm by the inmate, including his refusal to follow medical prescriptions". Georgian officials claimed that this was part of a plan to pressure the government to release Saakashvili. 1799:, which were small and poorly equipped and trained at the time he entered office. By 2007, the military budget had increased twenty-fold since 1999. New weapons and vehicles were purchased, military salaries were raised, new bases were built, and Georgian soldiers engaged in joint training exercises with the US military. 1942:. In 2004, Saakashvili visited Israel to attend the official opening of the Modern Energy Problems Research Center, and Dr. Brenda Schaffer, the director of the centre, described Saakashvili as the Nelson Mandela of the 21st century. In August of the same year, Saakashvili, who holds an honorary doctorate from the 3130:

move without a wheelchair. Despite this, the Court did not deem this sufficient and did not satisfy the motion of the defence in the case on the postponement of Saakashvili's sentence or his release. In March 2023, Poland suggested sending doctors to Georgia to examine Saakashvili amid concerns about his health.

2600:. Among rumours that this NGO would be transformed into a political force, Saakashvili stated he did not have the intention to create a new political party. In the autumn of 2015, informal attempts and negotiations were launched to form a political party around Saakashvili with members of the parliamentary group 2341:

Although the Georgian government bought large amounts of arms and military equipment from abroad, it also began to seriously invest in an indigenous military industry. Starting in 2010, Georgia began to manufacture its own line of armoured vehicles, artillery systems, small arms, and unmanned aerial vehicles.

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who attributed the businessman's discontent to Saakashvili's anti-corruption reforms, which "had severely curtailed Patarkatsishvili's scope for doing business in his accustomed, post-Soviet 1990s-style ways." Patarkatsishvili—who had fled the Russian authorities after allegations of fraud—was called

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has written a letter addressed to President Zurabishvili, Parliamentary Speaker Papuashvili, and Prime Minister Garibashvili urging to transfer former Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili to one of the European Union member states. The MEPs stressed the need for Saakashvili to receive the necessary

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On 1 February, Saakashvili testified before the court remotely. He appeared to have lost a lot of weight, as evidenced by protruding ribs and stomach. According to his lawyer, Saakashvili, who is 195 cm in height, weighs only 69.7 kilograms, has lost 52 kilograms since 1 October 2021, and cannot

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After elections, Saakashvili said that they were held "with gross violations", calling his supporters to protest. Saakashvili also expressed his support for boycotting the Parliament, a step which other leaders of the United National Movement described as a "suicide for the party". On 4 November, the

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as a main reason. In a press conference this same day, he claimed that President Poroshenko personally supported "corruption clans in the Odesa region" and that the "Odesa region is being handed over not only to corrupt people, but also to enemies of Ukraine." On 9 November 2016, President Poroshenko

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On 5 January 2018, the Tbilisi City Court sentenced Saakashvili to three-year imprisonment in absentia for abusing power in pardoning the former Interior Ministry officials convicted in the 2006 Sandro Girgvliani murder case. On 28 June 2018, the Tbilisi City Court found Saakashvili guilty of abusing

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Relations with the United States were good, but were complicated by Saakashvili's "volatile" behaviour. Former and current US officials characterized the Georgian president as "difficult to manage". They criticized his "risky moves", moves that have often "caught the U.S. unprepared" while leaving it

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noted that in 2005 "the government amended several laws and increased the amount of investigations and prosecutions reducing the amount of abuse and ill-treatment in pre-trial detention facilities". The status of religious freedom also improved due to increased investigation and prosecution of those

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said that Saakashvili is "agent of the European Parliament". "The European Parliament has explicitly recognised with its shameful resolution that Saakashvili is their agent and they are doing everything to save their agent and get him out of prison. This is not going to happen. We told them and many

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On 12 December 2021, Otar Toidze, a doctor with Georgia's human rights commissioner said Saakashvili was in need of specialist treatment abroad. On 29 December 2021, he was taken from hospital to prison of Rustavi, according to oppositional leaders and media his health conditions were still bad, and

3029:, one of the leaders of Georgian Dream, claimed: "He is in Ukraine, we have specific information that this person did not leave Ukraine, did not go to another country, this person is in Ukraine, he is trapped somewhere in a hole, he hides from everyone to create the illusion that he is in Georgia". 2340:

The Georgian military's capabilities were severely damaged by the war, and Saakashvili's government moved to rebuild them, massively increasing military spending. By late 2010, the Georgian military reached a strength greater than that of pre-war levels, after which military spending declined again.

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was not opened due to high levels of snowfall. In a televised address, President Saakashvili had proposed to hold the election earlier than called for by the Georgian constitution in order to resolve the political tension surrounding opposition-led demonstrations, their suppression by the government

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On 4 January 2004, Saakashvili won the presidential elections in Georgia with more than 96% of the votes cast, making him at 36 years old, the youngest national president in Europe at the time. On a platform of opposing corruption and improving pay and pensions, he promised to improve relations with

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On 12 October 2000, Saakashvili became Minister of Justice for the government of President Shevardnadze. He initiated major reforms in the Georgian criminal justice and prisons system. This earned praise from international observers and human rights activists. But, in mid-2001, he became involved in

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in which they disclosed they were having a romantic relationship. A few days later Yasko remarked that Sandra Roelofs was Saakashvili's "ex-wife". There had been no media reports that Saakashvili and his spouse Roelofs had divorced. Roelofs had been "caught by surprise" by Yasko's and Saakashvili's

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miscalculation, a folly. But even when I tried to turn my back on Georgian politics, Georgian politics kept returning to me. I have come to recognize that even as a prisoner with limited contact with the outside, I have a crucial role to play in Georgia's future, a role I cannot just walk away from.

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Patarkatsishvili's opposition television station Imedi was shut down in November 2007 after the authorities accused it of complicity with the plot to overthrow the elected government. The channel resumed broadcasts a few weeks after the incident, but did not cover news or talk shows until after the

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accused the president of planning Patarkatsishvili's murder. Okruashvili was detained two days later on charges of extortion, money laundering, and abuse of office. However, in a videotaped confession released by the General Prosecutor's Office on 8 October 2007, in which Okruashvili pleaded guilty

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threw a live hand grenade at where Saakashvili and Bush were sitting. It landed in the crowd about 20 metres (65 ft) from the podium after hitting a girl and did not detonate. Arutyunian was arrested in July of that year, but before his capture, he managed to kill one law enforcement agent. He

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held a press briefing announcing that Saakashvili had been arrested in Tbilisi. According to the investigation, Saakashvili entered the country secretly, hiding in a semi-trailer truck loaded with milk products. He illegally crossed the state border of Georgia, bypassing the customs control. He was

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filed criminal charges against Saakashvili. In 2018, the Tbilisi City Court sentenced him in absentia to six years in prison for ordering the beating of Valeri Gelashvili and pardoning in prior agreement the individuals tried for Sandro Girgvliani's murder. Saakashvili continued to manage his party

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in Poland. The Court rejected Saakashvili's request. In response, Georgian officials praised the Court. The ruling party chairman Irakli Kobakhidze said that the European Court remained a bastion of justice, unlike the European Parliament, which he described as having become trapped in corruption.

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border crossing, where he was allowed to pass through a Polish checkpoint on the border with Ukraine, but then temporarily blocked from reaching the Ukrainian checkpoint by a line of border guards standing arm-in-arm. Finally, a crowd broke through from the Ukrainian side and took Saakashvili into

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On 13 August 2014, Saakashvili was charged with embezzling budget funds. On 14 August, an internal search was declared, and on 31 August, the procedure for declaring an international search was launched. On 1 August 2015, Interpol refused to declare Saakashvili on the international wanted list, as

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On 23 March 2014, when Saakashvili was summoned to give testimony to the main prosecutor's office of Georgia, the office planned to interrogate him about the pardoning in 2008 of four high-ranking officials of the Department of Constitutional Security of the Georgian Ministry of Internal Affairs –

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After Georgian independence, the government found that its Soviet-style centralized healthcare system was underfunded and failing. State-run centralized medical facilities were typically inefficient and in need of renovation and technological upgrades. As a result, the government privatized almost

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When Saakashvili took office, the university entrance system was bribe-based, with a university spot costing up to $ 50,000 in 2003. His government introduced a common entrance exam, replacing the bribe-based system with a merit-based one. The quality of university education also improved. Despite

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At the time Saakashvili took office, Georgia suffered from a stagnant economy, widespread corruption by police and state officials to the point where bribery was needed for any kind of commercial transaction, high crime rates, and severe infrastructure problems, including widespread power outages,

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During his tenure as president, Saakashvili oversaw police, military, economic and government reforms. As the new Patrol Police department was established, the entire police force was fired and replaced with new one in an effort to root out corruption. The bureaucratic spendings were decreased as

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During the same press conference Saakashvili vowed "to start a new stage of the struggle" with "young people, unstained forces." According to Saakashvili: "We will definitely unite and we will fight for the victory of a new Ukraine for the people of Odesa, for all other residents of Ukraine. The

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published interview with Gelashvili, in which he talked about a conflict between him and Saakashvili over the former's house and made comments about Saakashvili's personal life. In 2004, Gelashvili was requested by authorities to hand over his apartment building to the state after the government

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On 14 December 2022, the European Parliament passed a resolution which urged the Georgian government to release Saakashvili on medical grounds to be treated abroad, while threatening to sanction Bidzina Ivanishvili, a founder of Georgian Dream party, for his role in "deteriorating the democratic

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On 12 January 2017, one week before the congress, the United National Movement officially announced splitting. Members of the party who opposed boycotting the parliament and supported electing a new party chair opted to set up their own party. The breakaway entity took the largely unknown legal

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Saakashvili was chairman of the parliamentary committee which was in charge of creating a new electoral system, an independent judiciary and a non-political police force. Opinion surveys recognised him to be the second most popular person in Georgia, behind Shevardnadze. He was named "man of the

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International criticism was focused on alleged violation of Saakashvili's human rights in prison, as well as on allegedly politically motivated legal proceedings against him. On 1 October 2021, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy also stated he would work to ensure Saakashvili's release, as

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after his resignation accused Saakashvili of corruption and lobbying the interests of his own family. Okruashvili claimed that he caught the president's uncle with a $ 200,000 bribe but had to hush up the scandal at the president's request. It was alleged that Saakashvili's family members have

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in protest of what he considered as the state's refusal to give him a fair trial on charges which he thought would "destroy him and Georgia". On 10 October 2021, his personal doctor asked authorities to move him to hospital as he continued with his hunger strike since his arrest and his health

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via video link from Odesa, telling them that "the victory is inevitable". Saakashvili's wife Sandra Roelofs said that Saakashvili would return to Georgia to celebrate the victory. Meanwhile, members of the UNM-affiliated group, Free Zone, held press briefing in Tbilisi, accusing Saakashvili of

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On 12 February 2018, Saakashvili was deported to Poland. The Ukrainian border service stated "This person was on Ukrainian territory illegally and therefore, in compliance with all legal procedures, he was returned to the country from where he arrived". Saakashvili was subsequently banned from

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on the roof of his apartment building in central Kyiv and his apartment was searched. He was freed from police by a large group of protesters. Saakashvili's lawyer reported that the politician had been detained for attempting to overthrow Ukraine's constitutional system, whilst the SBU accused

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There was a time a year ago, as my health was declining dramatically and death felt imminent, when I regretted coming back to Georgia. I thought to myself that if I survived this ordeal, if I tasted freedom again, I would leave Georgian politics behind for good. I felt my sacrifice had been a

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Nevertheless, Saakashvili's statements stirred significant controversy in Georgia, with high-ranking Georgian officials saying that Saakashvili would be arrested and sent to prison for his crimes. These statements were made on the basis of Tbilisi City Court decisions in 2018, which condemned

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on 2 November 2003 which were denounced by local and international observers as being grossly rigged. Saakashvilli claimed that he had won the elections (a claim supported by independent exit polls), and urged Georgians to demonstrate against Shevardnadze's government and engage in nonviolent

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Saakashvili resigned on 5 September 2001, saying that "I consider it immoral for me to remain as a member of Shevardnadze's government." He declared that corruption had penetrated to the very centre of the Georgian government and that Shevardnadze lacked the will to deal with it, warning that

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accused Ukraine of sending Saakashvili from Ukraine to overthrow the Georgian government. However, according to Garibashvili, Saakashvili was arrested and the Ukrainian Government asked Tbilisi to release Saakashvili to Kyiv. Georgian Prime Minister claimed at a speech in parliament that the

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Georgia's rights ombudsman stated that Saakashvili was not being given proper medical care and was being abused by fellow inmates. The State Inspector's Service of Georgia launched a criminal investigation into alleged inhuman treatment of Mikheil Saakashvili. Since 1 March 2022, the Special

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officers had found the location of Saakashvili, detained him and placed him in a temporary detention centre. The following day, Saakashvili began an indefinite hunger strike, claiming to oppose any attempts at compulsory feeding. On 11 December, a Ukrainian court released him from detention.

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and that the government, the courts and the parliament coordinated to obstruct justice and free the criminals of their liability. In 2023, Saakashvili filed a case in the ECHR, stating that his rights had been violated in prison and calling the Court to order his transferal to a hospital in

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uploaded statement on Twitter, about Saakashvili: "#Georgia: ex-President #Saakashvili (5th week of hunger strike) violently transferred to prison hospital; allegedly threatened; denied dignity, privacy & adequate healthcare. Not just selective justice but apparent political revenge."

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On 8 August 2017, the Georgian General Prosecutor's Office claimed Saakashvili would face up to 11 years of imprisonment (charges included the spending of public funding on personal needs, abuse of power during the dispersal of a demonstration on 7 November 2007, the beating of former MP

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Criticism led to heavy squabbles between Georgian government and Ukrainian and European leadership, as well as Western and international organizations. Georgian officials argued that legal proceedings against Saakashvili met all necessary legal standards and accused Saakashvili of using

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The video was shared and discussed on social media, before the story began to appear on Georgia's TV channels. For several hours, both pro-government and opposition TV channels actively engaged in the debate over Saakashvili's alleged homecoming video and whereabouts. At the same time,

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After stepping down as President in 2013, Saakashvili still remained an influential figure in Georgian politics. He continued to manage the United National Movement party from abroad, while accusing the Georgian government of using the legal system as a tool of political retribution.

1756: in 2011. The Act restricted the state's ability to interfere in the economy, and was aimed at reducing the state expenses and debt by 30% and 60%, respectively. It also explicitly prohibited the Government from changing taxes without a popular referendum on rates and structure. 1759:

Due to his government's economic reforms, Georgia's economy grew 70% between 2003 and 2013, and per capita income roughly tripled. However, poverty only marginally declined. At the end of his second term, about a quarter of the population was still poor, and unemployment was at 15%.

972:. Georgia's economy grew 70% between 2003 and 2013, and per capita income roughly tripled. However, poverty only marginally declined. At the end of Saakashvili's second term, about a quarter of the population was still living below the absolute poverty rate. Georgia's ranking in the 2544:, as head of the International Advisory Council on Reforms—an advisory body whose main task is working out proposals and recommendations for implementation and introduction of reforms in Ukraine based on best international practices. On 30 May 2015, Poroshenko appointed Saakashvili 6213:[Decree of the President of Ukraine № 301/2015: On the acceptance into the Ukrainian community of Mikhail Saakashvili as an individual, the acceptance of which is in the interest of the Ukraine of state interest] (in Ukrainian). President.gov.ua. 29 May 2015. Archived from 2832:

entering Ukraine until 2021 by the Ukrainian border service. Saakashvili claimed that his Georgian bodyguards and supporters had in recent months been kidnapped, tortured and deported to Georgia. On 14 February 2018, Saakashvili showed up in the Netherlands, having been granted

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Right now, Russia is killing Ukrainian citizen Mykhailo Saakashvili at the hands of the Georgian authorities. We have repeatedly called on the official Tbilisi to stop this abuse and agree on Saakashvili's return to Ukraine. Our partners, in coordination with Ukraine, have

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On 14 February 2023, the European Parliament adopted a third non-binding resolution, accusing the Georgian government and Bidzina Ivanishvili of mistreating Mikheil Saakashvili in prison, once again calling for his release from prison and personal sanctions on Ivanishvili.

1626:) to Tbilisi and renaming a major road in the capital after Gamsakhurdia. He also released 32 Gamsakhurdia supporters (political prisoners) imprisoned by the Shevardnadze government in 1993–94. As well as a new national flag, Saakashivili authorised the adoption of a 3327:

In response to criticism about Saakashvili's deteriorating health, Georgian officials claimed Saakashvili was trying to evade prison through self-harm. In particular, Georgian Justice Minister Rati Bregadze said that Saakashvili is trying to evade prison through

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his authority as president by trying to cover up evidence related to the 2005 beating of opposition lawmaker Valery Gelashvili and sentenced him in absentia to six years in prison. Saakashvili and his supporters denounced the verdict as politically motivated.

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Saakashvili is a Ukrainian citizen who was stripped of his Georgian citizenship in 2015. This was criticized by Georgian authorities. Georgian Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili said that Saakashvili would leave Georgia only after serving his time in prison.

2196:, took over the position of the Minister of Natural Resources and Nature Protection. Famous archaeologist, and already the eldest minister in the cabinet, Iulon Gagoshidze was appointed on a newly designated position of the Minister of State for Diasporas. 3791:

On 21 June 2019 a Ukrainian court ruled that Saakashvili had resided in Ukraine from 23 February 2014, to 6 June 2019; even though after he was stripped of his citizenship under a decree by President Petro Poroshenko he was deported for more than a

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was part. According to the police, Saakashvili's assassination had also been plotted. Opposition figures dispute the claim of an attempted mutiny and instead say that troops refused an illegal order to use force against opposition demonstrators.

1772:. The police operation ended with the deaths of 7 inmates and at least 17 injuries. While the opposition cast doubts over the official version and demanded an independent investigation, the ruling party was able to vote down such initiatives. 3165:

against the Georgian government. The SSG claimed that anti-government protests were being planned by Ukrainian intelligence for October and December 2023. The Russian government filed eight criminal cases against Georgian Legion's commander

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was beaten by unknown people. Gelashvili suffered skull trauma, numerous fractures of facial bones, lacerations in the nose and forehead, and fractures of the bones of the upper and lower jaw. The incident occurred after daily newspaper

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and also for the number of votes cast for one particular presidential candidate – Mikheil Saakashvili (96%). All other candidates received less than 2% of the votes. In total, 1,763,000 eligible voters participated in the election.

4023: 3060:. According to the investigation, Saakashvili entered the country secretly, hiding in a semi-trailer truck loaded with milk products. He illegally crossed the state border of Georgia, bypassing the customs control. He was arrested in 3197:

On 18 November 2021, the U.S. State Department urged the Government of Georgia to treat Saakashvili fairly and guarantee his right to a fair trial, and also praised the independent medical team that criticized the prison conditions.

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on 7 November 2007, and the closure of the most popular opposition television network, Imedi. Saakashvili said in his presidential address that "these elections will be held according to our timing, and not that of our ill-wishers."

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Saakashvili's "storming of Georgia's parliament" in 2003 "put U.S. diplomats off guard... ousted a leader the U.S. had long backed, Eduard Shevardnadze." Seeking support, Saakashvili went outside the U.S. State Department. He hired

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Unit website, which contained information about Saakashvili's and his family members' spendings on lobbyists in the US, which were tasked with working on convincing U.S. congressmen and senators to impose sanctions against Georgia.

5770: 2066:, Saakashvili's erstwhile associate and former member of his government, against the president and his allies. The protests climaxed early in November 2007, and involved several opposition groups and the influential media tycoon 1018:. The war resulted in Georgia losing all of its possessions in the disputed territories. Russia subsequently recognized the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, while Georgia responded with breaking diplomatic relations. 2074:

on 7 November. The declaration of state of emergency by the president (7–16 November) and the restriction imposed on some mass media sources led to harsh criticism of the Saakashvili government both in the country and abroad.

1595:, he had also spoken of the importance of better relations with Russia. He faced major problems, however, particularly Georgia's difficult economic situation and the still unresolved question of separatism in the regions of 5730: 1783:, although he was accused of stifling the media and using the judicial system to go after his political opponents in spite of this. In December 2006, Saakashvili signed a constitutional amendment completely abolishing the 3012:

On 1 October 2021, Saakashvili claimed to have returned to Georgia after an eight-year absence, and called on his followers to march on the capital, Tbilisi. He published a video on Facebook, claiming that he was in

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As a result, the rate of corruption in the country was drastically reduced and the business environment was improved significantly. The economy began growing and the standard of living rose. Georgia's ranking in the

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On 12 July 2023 Former US Ambassadors to Georgia issued a statement urging the Government of Georgia to allow “imprisoned and emaciated former president Mikheil Saakashvili to obtain life-saving medical treatment”.

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sold bonds at premium, when $ 200m five-year bond was priced with a coupon of 9 per cent at par, or 100 per cent of face value, after initially being priced at 9.5 per cent and investors pushed orders up to $ 600m.

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According to Saakashvili himself, he entered Poland with his Ukrainian passport but it is unclear what passport he travelled on as his Ukraine passport was invalidated and the country he had travelled from, the

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video announcement and remarked on Facebook (on 7 October 2021) that "its form was absolutely unacceptable." On 31 December 2021, Saakashvili recognized to have an extramarital daughter, Elis-Maria, with singer

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has been largely eliminated by the Saakashvili administration, it was alleged that elite corruption remained a significant problem. Alleged corruption in Saakashvili's inner circle was one of the main causes of

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On 22 September, the Mostysky District Court of the Lviv region found Saakashvili guilty of illegally crossing the state border. Under the court's decision, he must pay a fine of 200 non-taxable minimums (3400

1946:, travelled to Israel to attend the opening of the official Week of Georgian-Jewish Friendship, held under the auspices of the Georgian president, for which the Jewish leaders were invited as honoured guests. 2915: 3512:

calling her "my most lovely girl and youngest child". On 1 June 2023 Yasko revealed that she and Saakashvili had become parents, the gender and birthdate of the baby were not announced. At the time of birth

3256:

has instructed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to summon the Georgian Ambassador to Ukraine, expressing a strong protest and requesting his departure within 48 hours for consultations with his capital in

9889: 8046: 2560:. Saakashvili stated on 1 June 2015 that he had now changed his mind to avoid "guaranteed imprisonment" in Georgia and to defend Georgian interest through his governorship in Odesa. Also on 1 June, the 1158:

stated that she would "never" pardon Saakashvili. He has been transferred to hospital numerous times due to his health condition and since May 2022 he is being treated in a civilian clinic in Tbilisi.

2470:

and the raid of Imedi TV). On 18 August 2017, Georgia requested Ukraine to extradite Saakashvili. On 5 September, the Ukrainian authorities confirmed that they had received the request from Georgia.

5186:“As the GDP and the economy were increasing during Saakashvili's rule, Georgia was paradoxically almost the only country in which the unemployment rate was not decreasing and poverty was increasing.” 3584:

and Lucan A. Way cite various media and human rights reports to describe Saakashvili's Georgia as a "competitive authoritarian" (i.e., a formally democratic but essentially non-democratic) state.

2207:, violence against opposition campaigners, uncritical coverage of the president and his party from the state-controlled media, and public officials openly campaigning for the president's party. 9884: 1539:(NMD). The movement's main political priorities include raising pensions and providing social services to the poor, its main base of support; fighting corruption; and increasing state revenue. 1353: 4031: 1614:. On 26 January, in a ceremony held at the Tbilisi Kashueti Church of Saint George, he promulgated a decree granting permission for the return of the body of the first president of Georgia, 9735: 924:. Saakashvili later moved to opposition, establishing the United National Movement party. In 2003, Saakashvili became a leading opposition figure who accused the government of rigging the 5778: 4418: 3223:

President Sandu also emphasized, "every human life is priceless and the gravity of the situation requires immediate transfer of Saakashvili to an appropriate hospital to save his life."

6127: 4449: 8353: 3302:(2015-2018), joined the international concerns which have escalated following the frail and decimated appearance of former President Mikheil Saakashvili during a remote court hearing. 3041:

featured a news program titled "Saakashvili is in Ukraine". Georgia's Ministry of Internal Affairs reported that special forces were sent to Batumi in operation to detain Saakashvili.

3419:, which were violently dispersed by the police using heavy-handed tactics. Saakashvili came under criticism for using rubber bullets and tear gas against protesters who were blocking 2568:. But in reality, after this appointment, relations between the two countries soured. On 4 December 2015, Saakashvili was stripped of his Georgian citizenship due to restrictions on 1476:

Massive political demonstrations were held in Tbilisi in November, with over 100,000 people participating and listening to speeches by Saakashvili and other opposition figures. The

897:

party. Saakashvili heads the executive committee of Ukraine's National Reform Council since 7 May 2020. In 2021 he began serving a six-year prison sentence in Georgia on charges of

2433:

stated that it took "note with concern" and it will "closely monitor these and other legal proceedings against members of the former government and current opposition in Georgia".

2218:

for the premiership. According to the President, Gurgenidze had initially agreed to serve only for a year and that Georgia was facing new challenges which needed new approach. The

1106:, was stripped of his Georgian citizenship. On 7 November 2016, Saakashvili resigned as governor while blaming President Poroshenko personally for enabling corruption in Odesa and 2062:

Georgia faced the worst crisis since the Rose Revolution. A series of anti-government demonstration were sparked, in October, by accusations of murders and corruption levelled by

952:

several ministries were abolished to cut the government size. Military budget rose to 9.2% of GDP by 2007 to strengthen the nation's defense capability. The government pursued a

1252: 6210:Указ президента України № 301/2015: Про прийняття до громадянства України Саакашвілі М. як особи, прийняття якої до громадянства України становить державний інтерес для України 1808:

this, Saakashvili was accused of failing to reform the quality of primary and secondary-level school education, which reportedly remained low at the end of his term in office.

9789: 2955:, alleging that Ivanishvili was trying to "get rid of" Targamadze because he "has been keeping active contacts with the law enforcement , which scares Ivanishvili very much". 2709: 4732: 2702:, but that if he sought to return to Ukraine, he would face extradition to Georgia to face charges for alleged crimes that occurred during his presidency there. According to 1504:. While the revolutionary leaders did their best to stay within the constitutional norms, many called the change of government a popular coup dubbed by Georgian media as the 3942: 9904: 5984: 2070:. Although the demonstrations rapidly went downhill, the government's decision to use police force against the remaining protesters evolved into clashes in the streets of 1307:

a major controversy with the State Security Minister Vakhtang Kutateladze and Tbilisi police chief Ioseb Alavidze, accusing them of profiting from corrupt business deals.

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and Minister of Finance Nika Gilauri on their former positions. Gia Nodia was appointed as the Minister of Education and Science. Zaza Gamcemlidze, former director of

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policy: abolition of the minimum wage, dismissal of 60,000 civil servants, lowering of corporate income tax from 20% to 15%, and dividend tax from 10% to 5%. In 2009,

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election. Subsequently, the station was sold to supporters of the Saakashvili government and some Georgian journalists have called for the station to be handed back.

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did not consider the issue at its meetings on 24 and 30 April 2020. On 7 May 2020, President Zelenskyy appointed Saakashvili head of the executive committee of the

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published an extensive opinion piece by Saakashvili, in which he reflected on his decision to return to Georgia and the challenges he had faced in prison, writing:

2860:, restored Saakashvili's Ukrainian citizenship. On 29 May 2019, Saakashvili returned to Ukraine; but he soon stated that he had no political ambitions in Ukraine. 1299:

year" by a panel of journalists and human rights advocates in 1997. In January 2000, Saakashvili was appointed vice-president of the Parliamentary Assembly of the

6497: 4559: 9919: 9799: 9530: 9497: 5163: 4588: 9929: 8052: 3779: 9924: 7302: 6571: 2769:

acquainted Saakashvili with the protocol on the administrative violation of "Illegal crossing or attempted illegal crossing of the state border of Ukraine."

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the Georgian authorities demanded. In September, the property of the Saakashvili family was seized. His personal bank accounts in Georgia were also seized.

9804: 7411: 6539: 2405:

On 28 July 2014, criminal charges were filed by the Georgian prosecutor's office against Saakashvili over allegedly "exceeding official powers" during the

2200: 7938: 9784: 7157: 8092: 3017:. The Georgian police, however, claimed that Saakashvili had not crossed the country's border. Irakli Kobakhidze, chairman of the Georgian ruling party 6000: 3182:

Saakashvili's arrest led to major criticism from the Ukrainian government, European Parliament, U.S. State Department and international organizations.

2102: – in spring as pushed for by the opposition parties, or in late 2008. Several concessions in the election code were also made to the opposition. 2095: 3928: 3170:

and placed a bounty to capture him. Mamulashvili stated that the claims of a coup were baseless, and that they were evidence that Georgian Dream is a

3123:

On 1 December 2022, Saakashvili's lawyers appealed the court to either postpone Saakashvili's sentence or release him from prison on medical grounds.

1709:

which had made business difficult, courting foreign investment, simplifying the tax code, launching a privatization campaign, and tackling widespread

9909: 8051:[Investigation Service releases a statement regarding Mikheil Saakashvili's case] (in Georgian). GHN News Agency. 2 June 2022. Archived from 8028: 6082: 4266: 3352:

of our international partners that Saakashvili committed many serious crimes and now the illegal border crossing has been added", said Garibashvili.

8953: 1002:

continued during Saakashvili's presidency and saw a major escalation in 2008, which saw Russia officially announcing its support for separatists in

9608: 3587:

Saakashvili's government has been lauded by the World Bank for making "striking improvements" in the fight against corruption. In addition, the US

2882:. The party received 0.46% of the total votes and no seats. Two days before the election, Saakashvili had called on his supporters to vote for the 8311:"Amnesty International on Twitter: "#Georgia: ex-President #Saakashvili (5th week of hunger strike) violently transferred to prison hospital; ..." 4998: 2958:

On 5 October 2016, Saakashvili addressed his supporters via video link in Tbilisi, saying that three days were left before his return to Georgia.

9814: 9433: 8257: 3202: 1473:

against the authorities. Saakashvili's UNM and Burdjanadze-Democrats united to demand the ouster of Shevardnadze and the rerun of the elections.

1209:, also a part of the Soviet Union). Saakashvili graduated from the Institute of International Relations (Department of International Law) of the 5848: 4706: 4426: 9859: 7386: 4906: 2776:

on 13 September, Saakashvili announced that he would return to Kyiv on 19 September after travelling to several other cities to rally support.

2518: 1357: 4459: 9874: 8360: 2788: 9809: 8920: 7182: 6324: 3205:

has published declaration, in which they have said that Mikheil Saakashvili has to be treated immediately in a special institution abroad.

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page on 22 April 2020 that he had received a proposal from President Zelenskyy to become Vice Prime Minister of Ukraine for reforms in the

1240: 1210: 786: 7253: 6637: 1125:. He reentered Ukraine with a group of supporters through Poland but was arrested in February 2018 and deported. Saakashvili moved to the 9869: 9839: 9774: 9142: 8701: 7912: 5199: 3453:

with illegal seizure of property and embezzlement of state funds. He and his supporters have denounced charges as politically motivated.

2967: 2902: 2601: 1256: 6861: 3848: 7100: 2440:(chief prosecutor in 2007) and Davit Kezerashvili (defense minister in 2007), with a preliminary hearing appointed for September 2014. 1603:. Abkhazia regards itself as independent of Georgia and did not take part in the elections, while South Ossetia favours union with its 8517:""The European Parliament directly admitted that Saakashvili is their agent and they are doing everything to save him" | Garibashvili" 6663: 5619: 4104: 4039: 3836: 3056:

that Mikheil Saakashvili was under arrest. Soon a video was published featuring handcuffed Saakashvili being taken into prison N12 in

53: 9849: 2973:

The UNM had no official chairman until 24 March 2019, when Saakashvili was succeeded as the UNM party's chairman by his own nominee,

2322:

as independent states. Also on 26 August, in response to Russia's recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, Deputy Foreign Minister

1749: 7233: 6762: 3245:

Mikheil Saakashvili with the hands of the Georgian authorities." According to Zelenskyy, Ukraine had "repeatedly called on official

1610:

Saakashvili was sworn in as president in Tbilisi on 25 January 2004. Immediately after the ceremony he signed a decree establishing

9914: 9844: 5800: 4742: 3220:

stated that she is “deeply concerned” about imprisoned ex-President Mikheil Saakashvili's "rapidly deteriorating state of health."

2812:

Saakashvili of receiving financing from a "criminal group" linked to ousted (during the Revolution of Dignity) Ukrainian President

9462: 6061: 4497: 4347: 3950: 2353:

against Saakashvili's rule. On 5 May 2009, Georgian police said large-scale disorders were planned in Georgia of which the failed

1407: 1060:. In September 2012, the leaked video footage of systemic torture and rape in the Georgian prison system came to light during the 1052:. Saakashvili was embroiled in a number of scandals, the most important ones relating to the beating of the opposition politician 9824: 6293: 3993: 3105:

On 8 November 2021, Saakashvili was moved to Gldani penitentiary hospital. On 19 November 2021, Saakashvili was transferred to a

2951:

On 4 October 2016, Saakashvili accused Ivanishvili of being behind the explosion of car belonging to United National Movement MP

2883: 1333: 1260: 801: 796: 8625: 6779: 5918: 1379: 7995: 5324: 3908: 2561: 2429:

expressed concerns over the case and warned that "the legal system should not be used as a tool of political retribution". The

45: 8892: 6208: 2020:

was convicted of the attempted assassinations of Saakashvili and Bush and the murder of the agent, and given a life sentence.

1445:

Having resigned from the government and quit the Shevardnadze-run Union of Citizens of Georgia party, Saakashvili founded the

9939: 9283: 9066: 2875: 2807:

On 5 December 2017, Saakashvili (who was leading anti-government protests at the time) was temporarily detained by Ukraine's

2787:

In the first half of 2017, and in December 2018 and January 2019, Saakashvili hosted political talk shows on the TV channel "

2766: 2682:, but without a reason for his doing so being stated. Ukraine's migration service said in a statement that "according to the 5276: 3435:

Saakashvili has been accused of corruption and amassing wealth after coming into power by his political opponents. Although

2708:, most observers saw Poroshenko's stripping Saakashvili of his citizenship "simply as the sidelining of a political rival" ( 815: 8649: 6835: 3894: 3319:"international lobbysts" to pressure the government to release him. They have based their claims on documents published on 2933: 2796: 2577: 2553: 2375: 2287:

between the two countries. This was Putin's last meeting in his second term as the President of Russia, being succeeded by

2193: 1465: 1386: 941: 925: 885:

for two consecutive terms from 25 January 2004 to 17 November 2013. From May 2015 until November 2016, Saakashvili was the

9628: 9094: 9079: 5669: 5567: 5158: 2034: 1725:

improved dramatically from rank 133 in 2004 to 67 in 2008 and further to 51 in 2012, surpassing several EU countries. The

982:

improved dramatically from rank 133 in 2004 to 67 in 2008 and further to 51 in 2012, surpassing several EU countries. The

9879: 9779: 9730: 9725: 9720: 9715: 9710: 9705: 9695: 9426: 8603: 7964: 6909: 5421: 3973: 3697: 3670: 2383: 2167: 2091: 1559: 1206: 945: 937: 933: 9327: 6457: 3075:

stated that she would "never" pardon Saakashvili. On 3 November 2021 Zourabichvili confirmed her first statement again.

9819: 9519: 9486: 6998: 6746: 6464: 6350: 6274: 4962: 3702: 3675: 3595:

The scrupulousness of Patarkatsishvili's political opposition toward the Georgian president has been questioned by the

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denied a Georgian request to extradite Saakashvili, as it deemed the criminal cases against him politically motivated.

2106: 2099: 1446: 1171: 1048:. In May 2011, the government again violently responded to the opposition protests staged by Saakashvili's former ally 894: 730: 666: 596: 553: 8516: 8327: 5900: 5874: 5818: 2137: 1740:

Under Saakashvili's term, Georgia became involved in international market transactions to a small extent, and in 2007

1453:, to provide a focus for part of the Georgian reformists leaders. In June 2002, he was elected as the Chairman of the 9829: 9636: 8925: 8066: 4131: 3450: 3154: 2145:

On 5 January 2008, an early presidential election was held nationwide, with the exception of the highland village of

2110: 1974: 1879:, a diplomatic solution was thought to be possible. Saakashvili's administration doubled the number of its troops in 1631: 1426: 1393: 1276: 1068: 1036:

erupted demanding resignation of Saakashvili. The protests, which were triggered by detention of Georgian politician

6031: 5923:[Mikheil Saakashvili charged with embezzlement of budget funds] (in Russian). 13 August 2014. Archived from 4815: 9189:

The Jamestown Foundation: Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume: 4 Issue: 237. 21 December 2007. Retrieved 25 February 2011.

8187: 6478: 5537: 5507: 5130: 4755: 4399:

We will create new political force, our goal is early parliamentary elections, change of Ukrainian political elites

4232: 1857: 1775:

Despite this, Saakashvili's government also eased the legal system in some respects. His government decriminalized

7117: 5967: 8285:"Zelensky says he will bring Ukrainian citizen Saakashvili back to country using 'various means' [VIDEO]" 8118: 7779: 7340: 5449: 5425: 5060: 4933: 4502: 3998: 3806: 3604:"a state criminal" by Saakashvili, who accused him of treason while refusing to admit to any of his accusations. 3320: 2609: 2587:

showed that in October 2015, Saakashvili was the most popular politician in Ukraine (43% viewed him positively).

1072:

from abroad while accusing the Georgian government of using the legal system as a tool of political retribution.

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On 2 August 2014, Tbilisi City Court ordered pre-trial detention in absentia for Saakashvili and the co-accused

1567:

The 2004 presidential election were carried out on 4 January 2004. The election was an outcome of the bloodless

1375: 9864: 9700: 9451: 9419: 9186: 6018: 4379: 3356: 2649: 2514: 2306:

in Shida Kartli. The two counterparts were led to a ceasefire agreement and a six-point peace plan, due to the

2298:, Russian military forces intervened on the side of the South Ossetian separatists in response to the Georgian 2005: 1496:, were active in all protest activities. After an increasingly tense two weeks of demonstrations, Shevardnadze 1236: 1198: 917: 7143: 4860: 4658: 4320: 1275:

Saakashvili interned at the United Nations. After graduation, while on internship in the New York law firm of

9854: 5771:"President Mikheil Saakashvili of the Republic of Georgia to Join Tufts' Fletcher School as Senior Statesman" 3501: 3364: 2986: 2817: 2605: 2565: 1536: 1521: 1489: 1142: 1057: 330: 7996:"Former Georgian president Saakashvili ends 50-day prison hunger strike after transfer to military hospital" 3761:

The decree was not made publicly available "in accordance with the legislation on personal data protection".

1044:

was raided by the police and transformed into a pro-government channel. Another wave of protests erupted in

7913:"Jailed, on hunger strike and humiliated on camera: how Georgia treats its ex-president | Natalia Antelava" 7710:"Civil.Ge | Gigi Ugulava on Past Mistakes, Political Plans, Differences between UNM, European Georgia" 7122: 7003: 5453: 3441: 3416: 3237:

accused the Georgian government of "publicly torturing" Ukrainian citizen Saakashvili and he claimed that "

2406: 2350: 2327: 2252: 2226: 2029: 1718: 1292: 1045: 1033: 995: 974: 736: 503: 5002: 1117:

On 26 July 2017, Saakashvili (at the time staying in the US) was stripped of his Ukrainian citizenship by

8961: 5625:(Report). Warsaw: OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation Mission, Final Report. 9 September 2008. Archived from 4979: 4478:[Decree of The President of Ukraine No. 329/2019] (in Ukrainian). Президент України . 28 May 2019 2808: 1493: 1287:

to enter politics. He stood in the December 1995 elections along with Zhvania, and both men won seats in

17: 9289:

Savodnik, Peter (January 2009). "Essay: Georgian Roulette: Mikheil Saakashvili beckons from the brink".

2848: 2744:

On 10 September, the train on which Saakashvili tried to enter Ukraine was held at a railway station in

2737:." Saakashvili announced on 16 August that he will return to Ukraine on 10 September (2017) through the 2556:

because in order to fulfill that post, he would have had to become a Ukrainian citizen and renounce his

2113:, Saakashvili resigned on 25 November to launch his pre-election campaign for early presidential polls. 1178:. His father, Nikoloz Saakashvili, is a physician who practises medicine in Tbilisi and directs a local 8138: 6328: 5485: 5029: 3391: 3102:

Investigation Service of Georgia has continued investigating instead of the State Inspector's Service.

2824: 2421:, responded by accusing the Georgian authorities of political score-settling and attempts at appeasing 2354: 2080: 2039: 1722: 1349: 999: 979: 5852: 4127: 2477:

After returning to Georgia in 2021, Saakashvili was additionally charged for illegal border crossing.

1696:

as one of the most powerful movements in the modern history that has inspired others to seek freedom.

1014:, which ended after five days of fighting by a ceasefire agreement negotiated by the French president 9899: 9322: 3283: 3158: 2171: 1988:

Saakashvili believes that the long-term priority for the country is to advance its membership in the

1796: 1768:

On 27 March 2006, the government announced that it had prevented a nationwide prison riot plotted by

1611: 1311:"current developments in Georgia will turn the country into a criminal enclave in one or two years." 695: 392: 8757:"Yasko on relations with Saakashvili: He is grateful to his Ex-wife, but it is time to move forward" 8737:"Saakashvili and his girlfriend from the "Servant of the People" recorded a video in case of arrest" 8539:"Justice Minister: Strasbourg Court Rejects Request to Transfer Saakashvili to Warsaw for Treatment" 8231: 6910:"Saakashvili Rallies Supporters in Western Ukraine, Vows To Help Solve Country's 'Political Crisis'" 2799:

was distorted (he claimed to support her candidacy while his TV show suggested the exact opposite).

2648:

to be carried out as quickly as possible in the shortest possible time." In late February 2017, the

2109:

party officially nominated Saakashvili as its candidate for the upcoming elections. Pursuant to the

1729:

named Georgia as the leading economic reformer in the world, and the country ranked 8th in terms of

928:, spearheading mass protests which saw President Shevardnadze resign from his post in the bloodless 9934: 9894: 4422: 3287: 2569: 2545: 1996:, he said that in contrast with new and old European states, Georgia is an Ancient European state. 1604: 1587:

the outside world. Although he is strongly pro-Western and intended to seek Georgian membership of

1338: 1187: 1103: 1095: 886: 689: 288: 8403: 5849:"Statement by Jen Psaki: Criminal Charges against Former Georgian President Saakashvili (July 29)" 4528: 4094: 2079:

criticized the Georgian government for using "excessive" force against protesters in November and

1970: 1497: 1040:, were violently dispersed by the special forces on 7 November 2007. The largest opposition media 9578: 9558: 8586: 5466: 5239: 4907:"The Political Economy of Georgia's Transformation: Before and After the Rose Revolution – IFAIR" 4888: 4801: 2683: 2459: 2012: 1637: 1400: 1342: 1064:. Saakashvili was accused of being behind police brutality and the inhuman treatment of inmates. 965: 8930: 7580:"Saakashvili: 'No Desire to Have Anything in Common with One or Two Whimsical Persons from UNM'" 7554:"UNM Weighs its Options for 'Political Struggle' as Saakashvili Calls for Boycotting MP Runoffs" 9834: 8710:(in Georgian). Institute for Development of Freedom of Information. 14 May 2011. Archived from 8477:"Justice Minister: Ukrainian President's statement on ex-Pres. Saakashvili "unfair, insulting"" 8378:"European Parliament approves resolution on implementation of Georgia-EU Association Agreement" 4837: 2879: 2713: 2641: 2525: 2414: 2234: 2230: 2067: 2047: 1111: 944:, while Saakashvili was barred by the constitution of Georgia from seeking a third term in the 724: 8711: 7828:"Georgian special forces dispatched to Batumi in operation to detain ex-President Saakashvili" 6253:"For friends, all, the enemies of the law: as Poroshenko returns Ukraine to selective justice" 5985:

Ukraine banned Saakashvili's extradition to Georgia over risk of political persecution – media

5343: 5203: 2552:. A month before this appointment, Saakashvili had stated that he had turned down the post of 1220:. While in Ukraine Saakashvili participated in the October 1990 student protest known as the " 9676: 9402: 9310: 9120: 8463:"Minister of Justice Insists on Saakashvili "Self-Harm" as EU Parliament Plans Urgent Debate" 8313: 7316: 6862:"UPDATES: Poroshenko brands Saakashvili criminal for breaking through border – Sep. 11, 2017" 6004: 3436: 3395: 3190: 2878:. Saakashvili turned down the offer. In these elections Saakashvili headed the party list of 2687: 2679: 2620:

accepted Saakashvili's resignation (as governor) and dismissed him as his freelance adviser.

2616: 2591: 2549: 2506: 2490: 2219: 2211: 2178: 2054:

broadcast several accusations against officials. On 25 October 2007, former defence minister

1753: 1516:, then Sen. John McCain's top foreign-policy adviser, as a lobbyist and used Daniel Kunin of 1458: 1288: 1221: 1107: 1099: 1084: 1061: 913: 507: 484: 454: 204: 161: 57: 7367:"Saakashvili says he received offer from Zelensky to become deputy PM on reforms in Ukraine" 6960: 5643: 5389: 5024: 4321:"euronews – Ex-Georgian President Sakaashvili appointed governor of Ukraine's Odessa region" 2640:

On 11 November 2016, Saakashvili announced his goal to create a new political party called "

9764: 9681: 9442: 9391: 9368: 9291: 9164: 8435:"Zelenskyy urges Georgia to transfer Saakashvili to Ukraine, orders MFA to express protest" 7321:[Results of the extraordinary elections of the People's Deputies of Ukraine 2019]. 5626: 4560:"Михаил Саакашвили заявил, что вернулся в Грузию. Там он приговорен к двум тюремным срокам" 4355: 3802: 3596: 3553: 3291: 3227: 3161:(a group of mostly ethnic Georgian volunteers fighting on behalf of Ukraine) of planning a 3072: 3045: 3002: 2906: 2837: 2645: 2557: 2537: 2455: 2299: 1572: 1214: 1194: 1155: 1088: 902: 882: 130: 5400: 3870:

Poroshenko appoints contest winner Stepanov as head of Odesa Regional State Administration

3568:

Saakashvili enjoys exercise and has in the past often been seen in public on his bicycle.

3157:(SSG) accused Saakashvili and his followers of plotting with the Ukrainian government and 2886:

party at the election. (Servant of the People won the election with 43.16% of the votes.)

2628: 8: 9649: 9588: 9538: 9150: 8310: 8029:"State Inspector's Service to launch probe into alleged ex-president's inhuman treatment" 7709: 7279: 3776: 3348: 3344: 3336: 3306: 3234: 3167: 3038: 2857: 2833: 2379: 2270: 2051: 2016: 1943: 1898:

Saakashvili's government maintained diplomatic relations with other Caucasian states and

1842: 1654: 1575: 1284: 1248: 1146: 1134: 1130: 1041: 921: 791: 363: 351: 176: 8805:"მიხეილ სააკაშვილი ელის მარია სააკაშვილზე: ჩემი ყველაზე საყვარელი გოგო და უმცროსი შვილი" 7754:"Former President Saakashvili pledges to return to Georgia for upcoming local elections" 7431: 3929:"Poll shows seven parties would qualify for Ukrainian Rada if elections were held early" 2389:

In December 2013, Saakashvili accepted the position of lecturer and senior statesman at

9794: 9644: 9593: 9146: 9024:"Mikheil Saakashvili, Georgia's Ex-President, Plots Return From Williamsburg, Brooklyn" 8954:"As prospect of South Ossetian conflict grows, Georgia prepares to send troops to Iraq" 8897: 8495:"PM: Georgia would be "at war" if imprisoned former President Saakashvili was in power" 8262: 6372: 4816:"President Bush to Welcome President Mikheil Saakashvili of Georgia to the White House" 4473: 4454: 4173: 4165: 3622: 3537: 3492:

in 1993. The couple have two sons, Eduard and Nikoloz. A few days before Saakashvili's

3445: 3053: 3049: 2894: 2334: 2246: 2189: 2185: 2163: 2076: 2063: 2055: 1989: 1876: 1784: 1680:

In his foreign policy, Saakashvili maintained close ties with the US, as well as other

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overall. Four days later, he announced his goal to create a new political party called

1037: 1011: 869: 861: 8779: 8434: 8404:"Video of emaciated Mikheil Saakashvili prompts stand-off between Georgia and Ukraine" 7366: 4161: 3365:

murder case of head of the United Georgian Bank's Foreign Department Sandro Girgvliani

1737:

has given Georgia as an example to other reformers during the annual Reformer Awards.

1231:

officer for the interim State Council of Georgia following the overthrow of President

9617: 9603: 9583: 9568: 9548: 9505: 9279: 9187:"Badri Patarkatsishvili: From Russian Businessman to Georgian Presidential Claimant". 9062: 9031: 9004: 8835: 8756: 8741: 8048:საგამოძიები სამსახური მიხეილ სააკაშვილის საქმესთან დაკავშირებით განცხადებას ავრცელებს 8003: 7323: 7237: 7078: 6965: 6750: 6719: 6420: 6399: 6377: 6336: 6305: 6257: 6235: 6014: 5924: 5571: 4958: 4398: 4383: 4177: 3869: 3551:

Some non-Georgian sources spell Saakashvili's first name using the Russian spelling,

3541: 3521: 3398: 3242: 3026: 3006: 2813: 2781: 2695: 2510: 2467: 2337:, and states that Saakashvili is responsible for the collapse of the Georgian state. 1780: 1513: 1300: 1213:(in then independent Ukraine) in 1992. At this university, he was friends with later 1067:

Shortly after the 2013 presidential election, Saakashvili left Georgia. In 2014, the

1053: 1032:

During Saakashvili's tenure, Georgia went through several political crises. In 2007,

906: 856: 846: 171: 9276:

A Little War that Shook the World : Georgia, Russia, and the Future of the West

8736: 7476:"Saakashvili Tells UNM Campaign Rally via Video Link: Election Victory 'Inevitable'" 6498:

Decree on stripping Saakashvili of Ukraine citizenship not to be published – Bankova

5368: 5328: 4796: 4662: 3233:

Following Saakashvili's hearing in the court in February 2023, President of Ukraine

3162: 3009:. Saakashvili and his supporters denounced these verdicts as politically motivated. 2662:

In Ukraine, only Ukrainian citizens can lead political parties or be elected to its

2257: 2199:

Parliamentary elections held during Saakashvili's second term were condemned by the

1852: 1845: 27:

Georgian-Ukrainian politician, former President of Georgia, former Governor of Odesa

9543: 9510: 8836:""His Ukrainian continuation": Yasko announced that she gave birth for Saakashvili" 8439: 7371: 7071: 7030: 6724: 6696: 6642: 6424: 6403: 6341: 6337:"Odesa governor's deputy denies Saakashvili team's plans to create political party" 6239: 6214: 5744: 4950: 4733:"Saakashvili sends tearful message to Ukrainian president after losing citizenship" 4402: 4157: 3873: 3840: 3837:"The President signed a decree on dismissal of Odesa Regional State Administration" 3588: 3545: 3533: 3525: 3509: 3504: 3424: 3367:, for which Saakashvili was convicted, saying that the state violated Girgvliani's 3091: 2867: 2792: 2675: 2633: 2564:

stated that the appointment of Saakashvili would not have a negative impact on the

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The pressure against Saakashvili intensified in 2009, when the opposition launched

2288: 1958: 1884: 1871:

as a premise of stability for Georgia and offered an intensified dialogue with the

1623: 1547: 1454: 1217: 1118: 1091: 957: 446: 375: 246: 9315: 8804: 8123:["Mikheil Saakashvili was kidnapped from Gori Hospital" | Nika Gvaramia]. 7806:"Fake Or Fact? Georgia Debates Ex-President Mikheil Saakashvili's Reported Return" 6617:"The president took my passport away. But I'll keep fighting for a modern Ukraine" 3461: 3117:

he was still continuing decreasing weight, according to his lawyer Nika Gvaramia.

2090:

On 8 November 2007, President Saakashvili announced a compromise solution to hold

1457:("Sakrebulo") following an agreement between the United National Movement and the 1193:

During university, he served his shortened military service in 1989–1990 with the

9665: 9654: 9598: 9563: 9378: 9356: 9057: 8408: 8205: 7208: 7054: 6979: 6807: 6598: 6514: 6373:"Difficulties of ambition. Why young politicians can not agree on a single party" 4767: 4450:"Saakashvili Says Lost Ukraine Citizenship Due to President's Fear of Opposition" 4294: 4198: 4098: 4062: 3581: 3529: 3340:

Ukrainian Government and the Georgian opposition are close ideological partners.

3037:

featured a news program titled "Saakashvili is in Georgia", while pro-government

2974: 2952: 2898: 2323: 2311: 2307: 2204: 2174: 2150: 1962: 1860: 1837: 1741: 1689: 1674: 1662: 1568: 1505: 1501: 1440: 1364: 1049: 1015: 929: 588: 323: 280: 267: 252: 241: 191: 156: 9411: 9243: 9199: 8863: 8174:""Unethical picture": Saakashvili trial continues with his remote participation" 7683: 7657: 7631: 7605: 7579: 7553: 7527: 7501: 7475: 7449: 6298:["Kings of the Positive" in politics: Saakashvili, Sadovyi and Moskal]. 6252: 5717: 5299: 4756:

https://iidh.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/liste-des-diplomes-FRC-1971-2023.pdf

1795:

Saakashvili's government massively increased military spending to modernize the

1673:

where Georgia's police forces disarmed a defiant militia led by a local warlord

1461:. This gave him a powerful new platform from which to criticize the government. 9573: 9553: 9471: 9098: 8984: 7890:"Georgian president says Saakashvili is special prisoner but won't be pardoned" 7780:"He is in Ukraine, he has not left Ukraine - Mdinaradze on Mikheil Saakashvili" 6300: 6279: 5904: 5681: 5597: 5437: 5083:"Transparency International: Georgia 51st in 2012 Corruption Perceptions Index" 4710: 4707:"Ukraine appoints ex-Georgian President Saakashvili governor of restive region" 4109: 3600: 3485: 3469: 3465: 3355:

The Georgian officials justified their positions based on the decisions of the

3120:

On 12 May 2022, Saakashvili was transferred to a civilian hospital in Tbilisi.

3018: 2994: 2820: 2758: 2716:

around 2% in a hypothetical early election). On 28 July 2017, Saakashvili told

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in the election the day before. He was barred from seeking a third term in the

2273: 2262: 2008: 1899: 1830: 1769: 1734: 1592: 1244: 1183: 953: 898: 752: 9306: 8561:"Tbilisi City Court sentences in absentia ex-President Saakashvili to 6 years" 6935: 6883: 6437: 6179:"Saakashvili Appointed as Head of Ukraine's Int'l Advisory Council on Reforms" 5575: 5327:. Federation of Jewish Communities of the CIS. 12 October 2004. Archived from 5104: 4295:"Georgian ex-President Saakashvili named Ukraine regional governor – BBC News" 3608: 3133:

While in prison, Saakashvili has remained politically active. In August 2023,

1029:

ranked Georgia as the fourth country with the lowest tax burden in the world.

9758: 9476: 9035: 9008: 8173: 8007: 6576: 6549: 6544: 6442: 5875:"EU 'Takes Note with Concern' of Filing Criminal Charges Against Saakashvili" 5677: 5325:"Georgian President Meets Jewish Leaders For Georgian-Jewish Friendship Week" 3943:"Saakashvili announced the title of his party – the "Movement of new forces"" 3772: 3613: 3368: 3295: 3110: 3106: 3079: 3034: 2704: 2699: 2426: 2396: 2319: 2303: 2295: 2277: 1993: 1966: 1600: 1579: 1280: 1179: 1122: 1022: 1007: 969: 706: 683: 434: 311: 230: 9338: 9332: 7412:"Saakashvili's return to Ukrainian government stalls amid fierce opposition" 6540:"Saakashvili May Be Forced To Seek Asylum in United States, Legislator Says" 4926:"East of Center " Blog Archive " Georgia: Saakashvili The Corruption Slayer" 4380:

Saakashvili Announces New Political Force, Calls For Early Ukraine Elections

3909:"Saakashvili May Be Forced To Seek Asylum in United States, Legislator Says" 3189:

On 9 November, after Saakashvili was transferred to Gldani prison hospital,

2923: 2722:

he wanted to return to Ukraine to "get rid of the old corrupt elite" there.

2615:

Saakashvili submitted his resignation as governor on 7 November 2016 citing

1500:

on 23 November, to be replaced on an interim basis by parliamentary speaker

114: 9271: 7502:"After Leaked Audio Recording, Security Service Launches 'Coup Plot' Probe" 6780:"Saakashvili, supporters push past border guards, force entry into Ukraine" 6421:

Saakashvili resigning from post of Odesa Regional State Administration head

6355: 6186: 6062:"Ukraine Confirms Georgia Asked For Ex-President Saakashvili's Extradition" 5878: 5826: 5240:"Georgia's Military Has Long Way to Go in Modernization, U.S. Report Finds" 3618: 3473: 3299: 2998: 2454:

Saakashvili stated on 1 June 2015 that he had given up (three days before)

1670: 1552: 1228: 1175: 890: 670: 166: 2170:. Shortly after being re-elected, the president formally re-appointed the 8996: 8232:"I'm a Georgian political prisoner. My death means embracing the Kremlin" 7939:"Hunger-striking former Georgian leader needs hospital treatment -doctor" 6836:"Saakashvili Says Hopes To Reenter Politics, Unite Opposition in Ukraine" 6638:"Saakashvili says he arrives in Poland from U.S. with Ukrainian passport" 6105:"Ex-president Saakashvili officially charged for illegal border crossing" 6039: 4620:"Ex-president Saakashvili officially charged for illegal border crossing" 3481: 3249:

to stop this mockery and agree on the return of Saakashvili to Ukraine."

3171: 2791:". Saakashvili claims his programme was axed in 2019 because his view on 2572:. Saakashvili claimed that this was done to prevent him from leading the 2284: 1978: 1892: 1710: 1693: 1627: 1450: 1126: 9221: 8258:"Georgia's security service accuses Ukrainian official of plotting coup" 8206:"Mikheil Saakashvili: Poland offers medics to examine Georgia ex-leader" 8093:"Georgia's ex-president Saakashvili needs treatment abroad, doctor says" 5545: 5515: 5134: 4169: 4145: 2050:

claimed that pressure had been exerted on his financial interests after

8703:მიხეილ სააკაშვილი: თანამდებობის პირის ქონებრივი მდგომარეობის დეკლარაცია 8188:"Judge Giorgi Arevadze did not postpone Mikheil Saakashvili's sentence" 6720:"Saakashvili claims Ukrainian foreign minister has Russian citizenship" 5704: 5258: 3562: 3489: 3217: 3095: 3048:

announced at a briefing together with the Minister of Internal Affairs

2864: 2773: 2698:, said that Saakashvili was (when Poroshenko issued his decree) in the 2486: 1911: 1726: 1264: 1137:

restored his citizenship. On 1 October 2021, Saakashvili announced via

1133:. On 29 May 2019, he returned to Ukraine after newly elected President 1080: 983: 878: 8675: 8604:"Georgia: Opposition Lawmakers Protest Violence Against Demonstrators" 8560: 8494: 8377: 8354:"Mikhail Saakashvili needs medical help – Written declaration No. 748" 8284: 7753: 7183:"Michail Saaksjvili vestigit zich in Nederland na uitzetting Oekraïne" 6104: 4619: 1449:(UNM) in October 2001, a centre-right political party with a touch of 8476: 7606:"Amid Disagreement on New Chairperson, UNM Plans Congress in January" 7416: 7307: 7303:"CEC counts 100 percent of vote in Ukraine's parliamentary elections" 6784: 6647: 6621: 6010: 5920:Михаилу Саакашвили предъявлено обвинение в растрате бюджетных средств 5851:. Embassy of the United States, Georgia. 29 July 2014. Archived from 4737: 4684: 4589:"Georgian ex-leader detained after returning ahead of local election" 4105:

Georgian Ex-President Saakashvili to Get Ukraine Reform Role: Sources

3977: 3329: 3109:

military hospital. Saakashvili's doctor Nokoloz Kipshidze and lawyer

2738: 2730: 1923: 1825: 1141:

his return to Georgia after an eight-year absence, on the eve of the

874: 605: 8120:"მიხეილ სააკაშვილი გორის ჰოსპიტალიდან გაიტაცეს" | ნიკა გვარამია 7931: 5944:[Mikheil Saakashvili put on the international wanted list]. 5939: 3621:. The film tells the story of Saakashvili and the events during the 1283:, an old friend from Georgia who was working on behalf of President 9890:

Recipients of the Collar of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana

8868: 8840: 8761: 8676:"Saakashvili attending second trial on embezzlement of state funds" 8538: 8462: 8158: 7871: 7849: 7727: 7341:"Саакашвілі закликав прихильників віддати голоси за "Слугу народу"" 7076:[Saakashvili was placed in the Lutsenko detention center]. 7058: 6999:"Saakashvili Detained, Home Searched By Ukraine's Security Service" 6984: 6668: 6602: 6524: 6519: 6479:"Ukraine president strips one-time ally Saakashvili of citizenship" 4865: 4644: 4324: 4237: 4203: 4067: 3933: 3497: 3253: 3135: 3022: 2890: 2745: 2718: 2652:

registered Movement of New Forces officially as a political party.

2410: 2315: 2281: 2269:

On 22 February 2008, Saakashvili held an official meeting with the

2125: 2121: 1973:

and books on war. Seeking US support, Saakashvili went outside the

1706: 1596: 1563:

Presidents Saakashvili and George W. Bush in Tbilisi on 10 May 2005

1138: 1003: 7965:"UNM members call for internal election in bid to oust Nika Melia" 7387:"Saakashvili: Georgia's ex-leader set to become Ukraine deputy PM" 4261: 4259: 4257: 4255: 4095:

Mikheil Saakashvili appointed to spearhead reform drive in Ukraine

3415:

Saakashvili received widespread criticism for his handling of the

2344: 8359:. Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly. 15581. Archived from 8143:[Mikheil Saakashvili was transferred to Rustavi prison]. 7894: 6572:"Ukraine strips one of its president's rivals of his citizenship" 6515:"Georgia ex-leader Saakashvili stripped of Ukraine's citizenship" 6483: 5705:"Georgia: Tbilisi Building Up Weapons Manufacturing Capabilities" 5673: 3420: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3246: 3177: 3087: 3065: 3061: 3057: 2945: 2937: 2753: 2502: 2448: 2418: 2146: 2071: 1939: 1931: 1915: 1907: 1649:

In the first months of his presidency, Saakashvili faced a major

1642: 1259:

the following year. In 1993, he also received a diploma from the

1202: 1167: 1151: 1076: 662: 8067:"Georgia's Ex-President Saakashvili To End 50-Day Hunger Strike" 7073:Саакашвілі помістили до ізолятора тимчасового тримання – Луценко 6325:"Ukrainian politics at the end of 2015: an unstable equilibrium" 6083:"Saakashvili Convicted of Abuse of Power, Sentenced in Absentia" 4199:"Georgia ex-leader Saakashvili gives up citizenship for Ukraine" 940:

as President in 2008. However, his party suffered defeat in the

827: 9123:. US Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. 8 March 2006 9058:

Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes After the Cold War

9000: 8809: 8780:"Saakashvili's official spouse demands his release from prison" 7318:Результаты внеочередных выборов народных депутатов Украины 2019 7025: 6961:"Occupation of the TV: Why do politicians become TV presenters" 6691: 4768:"General Debate of the 69th Session of the UN General Assembly" 4271: 4252: 3578:

Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes After the Cold War

3373: 3238: 3014: 2749: 2734: 2726: 2422: 2215: 1935: 1927: 1919: 1888: 1658: 1619: 1485: 1481: 1026: 9885:

Pro-Ukrainian people of the 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine

8328:"Treatment of Former President of Georgia Mikheil Saakashvili" 7632:"Intra-Party Crisis Widens as UNM Approaches Party Convention" 5901:"Court Orders Pre-Trial Detention for Saakashvili in Absentia" 5538:"Georgian journalists appeal for restoration of media freedom" 3126:

On 24 January 2023, Saakashvili tested positive for COVID-19.

1480:("Enough!") youth organization (a Georgian counterpart of the 1363:

from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially

7272: 7104: 6980:

From Tbilisi to a tent: What next for the Saakashvili circus?

6808:"Former governor Mikheil Saakashvili forces entry to Ukraine" 6766: 6692:"Former Georgian President Saakashvili leaves Poland – media" 6599:

Georgia ex-leader Saakashvili plans defiant return to Ukraine

6501: 6317: 6315: 5988: 5801:"Саакашвили допросят как свидетеля по десяти уголовным делам" 5598:"Saakashvili Steps Down, as Parliament Calls for Early Polls" 5486:"Stuffed ballots, biased campaign tainted Georgia vote: OSCE" 5275:. Healthcare Reform Magazine. 23 January 2014. Archived from 4419:"Ukraine strips citizenship of ex-Georgia leader Saakashvili" 4267:"Saakashvili Confirmed As Governor of Ukraine's Odesa Region" 3853: 3782:

granting international travel documents to stateless persons.

2494: 1776: 1517: 1477: 9095:"WB Reports on 'Largest Reduction' of Corruption in Georgia" 8830: 8828: 8650:"Saakashvili recommends mud bath to opponent, leaves debate" 7295: 7293: 7158:"Georgia's former president deported from Ukraine to Poland" 5731:"Opposition Calls on Diplomats to Monitor Situation in Army" 5085:(Press release). Transparency International. 5 December 2012 4838:"CNN.com – Bush: Georgia 'beacon of liberty' – May 10, 2005" 3607:

Saakashvili was portrayed by Cuban-American Hollywood actor

3113:

stated that Saakashvili would end the 50-day hunger strike.

2989:, Saakashvili promised his supporters to return to Georgia. 2748:, Poland. Then, on the same day, he travelled by bus to the 2225:

Demonstrations against Saakashvili spread across Georgia in

2188:, controversial Minister for Home Affairs, Defence Minister 2162:

Saakashvili publicly announced his plans of modernising the

912:

Saakashvili entered Georgian politics in 1995. He served as

536:

Chair of Legal Issues Committee in the Parliament of Georgia

9080:"Anticorruption in Transition: Who is Succeeding and Why?" 7254:"Sakvarelidze tells why Saakashvili refuses to head "UDAR"" 7248: 7246: 7234:

Kyiv Court Rules Saakashvili Eligible To Run For Parliament

6664:"Były prezydent Gruzji w Polsce – co dalej z Saakaszwilim?" 6295:“Королі позитиву” в політиці: Саакашвілі, Садовий і Москаль 4529:"Саакашвили призвал сторонников пойти колоннами на Тбилиси" 3849:"Poroshenko signs Odesa governor Saakashvili's resignation" 2871: 2762: 2741:

checkpoint and urged people to meet him at the checkpoint.

2548:(region). On the previous day, 29 May 2015, he was granted 2222:

approved Mgaloblishvili as the premier on 1 November 2008.

1982: 1903: 1880: 1868: 1685: 1681: 1588: 7209:"Georgia's Saakashvili has Ukrainian citizenship restored" 6312: 5670:"Medvedev: Saakashvili should be held Responsible for War" 5131:"Ranking of economies – Doing Business – World Bank Group" 4999:"Privatization in Georgia: Solving the "Sensitive" Issues" 3994:"Ukraine Offers Saakashvili Post Of Deputy Prime Minister" 2397:

Legal prosecution (in Georgia) since the end of presidency

1535:

had amalgamated. The new political movement was named the

932:. Saakashvili's key role in the protests led to him being 8825: 7290: 7055:

Saakashvili: Ex-Georgia leader detained by police in Kiev

6812: 6747:

Saakashvili Says He Plans To Return To Ukraine Next Month

5450:

Court sets Georgia's former defense minister free on bail

5369:"Praise, Scorn For Accusations Against Georgia President" 5259:"Georgia: Healthcare Costs Making Health Ministry Wheeze" 3887:"Former President Saakashvili Loses Georgian Citizenship" 2924:

Political activity in Georgia since the end of presidency

2594: 2294:

However, after a series of clashes between Georgians and

1895:

to "contribute to what it describes as global security".

7850:"Timeline: Saakashvili Imprisonment & Hunger Strike" 7243: 7146:. Rferl.org (21 February 2018). Retrieved on 9 May 2018. 6884:"Саакашвілі та прикордонники оформлюють перетин кордону" 5819:"In Hungary Saakashvili Comments on Charges Against Him" 4040:"Ukraine President presents Saakashvili as new governor" 4024:"Ex-Georgia leader vows to regain Ukrainian citizenship" 3752:

fight continues, and we will definitely win this fight."

3385: 3230:

also expressed his concerns about Saakashvili's health.

2310:'s mediation. On 26 August 2008, the Russian president, 8626:"Overview of Corruption and Anti-Corruption in Georgia" 7101:

Saakashvili announces indefinite hunger strike – lawyer

6955: 6953: 6236:

Saakashvili appointed not hinder relations with Georgia

5568:"Saakashvili Calls Snap Presidential Polls, Referendum" 5200:"Eurasia Daily Monitor | The Jamestown Foundation" 4063:"Georgian Saakashvili quits as Ukraine Odessa governor" 2462:

forbids the extradition of Ukrainians to other states.

2386:. Saakashvili left Georgia shortly after the election. 9165:"Georgia: International Religious Freedom Report 2005" 8303: 7658:"UNM Leadership Disputes Upcoming Congress Legitimacy" 6351:"Saakashvili denied the creation of a political party" 6128:"Mikheil Saakashvili: The West must not appease Putin" 5745:"Georgia President Saakashvili admits election defeat" 5438:

Okruashvili May Be Freed on Bail after Pleading Guilty

4498:"Citizenship Restored, Saakashvili Returns To Ukraine" 4233:"Ex-Georgia President to Lead Ukraine's Odessa Region" 3974:

Saakashvili's wife rejects seat in Georgian parliament

3780:

Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons

2901:

newspaper: "The president wants me to be in charge of

2536:

On 13 February 2015, Saakashvili was appointed by the

2501:

invaded my country", in the context of the turmoil in

1684:

countries, and remains one of the key partners of the

9790:

Expatriates from Georgia (country) in the Netherlands

9121:"Country Report on Human Rights Practices in Georgia" 8429: 8427: 7432:"Political Explainer: Ukraine's System of Government" 7118:"Ukrainian Court Releases Saakashvili From Detention" 3410: 2669: 8396: 6950: 6763:

Saakashvili planning to return to Ukraine next month

4797:"U.S. Ally Proves Volatile Amid Dispute With Russia" 3094:, demanding the release of Saakashvili from prison. 2201:

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

1953:

Saakashvili's ties with the US go back to 1991 (see

9905:

Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv alumni

5960: 5459: 5075: 4348:"Civil.Ge – Saakashvili Loses Georgian Citizenship" 4230: 3086:On 14 October 2021, tens of thousands protested on 2659:, 18% viewed Saakashvili positively in April 2017. 2458:to avoid "guaranteed imprisonment" in Georgia. The 1965:can be found in his office, next to biographies of 8424: 7359: 7149: 5968:"Интерпол отказался объявлять Саакашвили в розыск" 5238:Chivers, C. J.; Shanker, Thom (17 December 2008). 5157: 4955:War and Revolution in the Caucasus: Georgia Ablaze 4143: 3313: 2944:On 27 September 2016, a recording was uploaded on 2870:offered Saakashvili to join the leadership of his 2374:On 2 October 2012, Saakashvili admitted defeat in 2177:and asked him to present a renewed cabinet to the 2098:to snap presidential elections about when to hold 1883:, making Georgia one of the biggest supporters of 1699: 1314: 1270: 1145:. Later on the same day Prime Minister of Georgia 948:, which was also won by the opposition candidate. 9441: 8774: 8772: 8706:[Mikheil Saakashvili: Asset Declaration] 7872:"Zurabishvili Vows to 'Never' Pardon Saakashvili" 5941:Михаил Саакашвили объявлен в международный розыск 4088: 4086: 2802: 2729:; he left the country 4 days later travelling to 9756: 9061:. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 227. 8921:"Can bountiful Georgia escape the Russian bear?" 8587:"Georgia Leader Declares Emergency Over Protest" 8352:Pociej, Aleksander; et al. (27 June 2022). 6006:Cyberthreats and the Decline of the Nation-State 5300:"Europe | Georgia to double troops in Iraq" 4651: 4425:. Associated Press. 26 July 2017. Archived from 3775:, is not a signatory to the 1954 United Nations 2203:election monitoring mission for being marred by 1833:and Saakashvili meet in Tbilisi on May 10, 2005. 9770:21st-century politicians from Georgia (country) 9295:. Vol. 318, no. 1904. pp. 36–42. 8983:Orlov, Alexander Arseniyevich (December 2008). 8644: 8642: 7175: 6458:"Public Opinion Survey of Residents of Ukraine" 6304:(in Ukrainian). 20 October 2015. Archived from 6085:. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 29 June 2018 4920: 4918: 4916: 4128:Statement of the Prosecution Service of Georgio 3988: 3986: 3592:harassing followers of non-traditional faiths. 3203:Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 2409:, as well as a police raid on and "seizure" of 2345:2009 opposition demonstrations and armed mutiny 2094:for 5 January 2008. He also proposed to hold a 893:. He is the founder and former chairman of the 100: 9920:United National Movement (Georgia) politicians 9800:George Washington University Law School alumni 9078:Anderson, James. Gray, Cheryl (26 July 2006). 8769: 7050: 7048: 6400:Saakashvili already sent letter of resignation 5508:"Saakashvili's switch off – for media freedom" 5237: 5133:. Doingbusiness.org. June 2014. Archived from 4583: 4581: 4394: 4392: 4193: 4191: 4189: 4187: 4146:"Lessons from Georgia's neoliberal experiment" 4083: 3178:International reaction to Saakashvili's arrest 2590:In December 2015, Saakashvili started an anti- 2519:annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation 2485:Saakashvili energetically supported Ukraine's 2333:Medvedev held Saakashvili responsible for the 1150:placed in the No. 12 penitentiary facility in 850: 93: 9930:Heads of government who were later imprisoned 9524:First Secretaries of Georgian Communist Party 9427: 9214: 8140:მიხეილ სააკაშვილი რუსთავის ციხეში გადაიყვანეს 7528:"UNM MP Survives Car Blast in Tbilisi Center" 6275:Ex-Georgian President Stripped of Citizenship 5877:. Civil Georgia. 31 July 2014. Archived from 4639: 4637: 3719: 3692: 3044:A few moments later, Georgian Prime Minister 2678:issued a decree stripping Saakashvili of his 2132: 1166:Saakashvili was born to a Georgian family in 1021:On the economic front, Saakashvili pursued a 547:27 November 1995 – 15 September 1998 520:15 September 1998 – 20 November 1999 9925:Prisoners and detainees of Georgia (country) 9055:Levitsky, Steven & Lucan A. Way (2010). 8639: 7110: 6077: 6075: 6032:"Saakashvili faces 11 years of imprisonment" 4913: 4645:"Saakashvili Transferred to Civilian Clinic" 4614: 4612: 4610: 4554: 4552: 4550: 3983: 3430: 2772:At a rally in the western Ukrainian city of 1578:. It is well known for a very high level of 1241:Edmund S. Muskie Graduate Fellowship Program 1211:Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 343:12 October 2000 – 19 September 2001 9805:Emigrants from Georgia (country) to Ukraine 8601: 7045: 6614: 6154:"Exile in Brooklyn, With an Eye on Georgia" 6125: 5620:Georgia Parliamentary Elections 23 May 2008 5422:Former Defense Minister Detained In Georgia 4578: 4389: 4375: 4373: 4184: 3829: 3827: 3825: 3052:and the head of the State Security Service 2612:, but this project collapsed in June 2016. 2493:. On 7 March 2014, Saakashvili authored an 2184:Gurgenidze changed most ministers, leaving 1875:Abkhaz and Ossetian authorities. Until the 1257:The George Washington University Law School 1161: 1010:. Saakashvili led Georgia through the 2008 531:27 November 1999 – 10 October 2000 467:6 November 2001 – 22 November 2002 414:3 February 2005 – 17 February 2005 217:25 January 2004 – 25 November 2007 143:20 January 2008 – 17 November 2013 9785:Democracy activists from Georgia (country) 9434: 9420: 7064: 6592: 6270: 6268: 5226:The Death Penalty: A Worldwide Perspective 4977: 4634: 2413:and other assets owned by the late tycoon 1954: 1630:on 20 May 2004 and the establishment of a 1356:about living persons that is unsourced or 1253:School of International and Public Affairs 992:the leading economic reformer in the world 113: 8171: 7728:"UNM Elects New Chairman, Governing Body" 6438:"Saakashvili officially registered party" 6072: 5737: 5711: 5335: 5319: 5317: 4889:"Mikheil Saakashvili's Polarizing Legacy" 4607: 4547: 4523: 4521: 4226: 4224: 4222: 3064:by the police and taken to the prison in 2623: 2280:. The presidents discussed the issues of 2210:On 28 October 2008, Saakashvili proposed 2157: 1779:and pushed through legislation upholding 1661:run by an authoritarian regional leader, 1427:Learn how and when to remove this message 1170:on 21 December 1967, capital of the then 9910:Ukrainian expatriates in the Netherlands 9288: 9135: 9021: 7155: 6416: 6414: 6412: 6171: 6151: 6038:. news.az. 8 August 2017. Archived from 5574:: Civil. 8 November 2007. Archived from 5560: 5341: 4945: 4943: 4882: 4880: 4878: 4876: 4447: 4370: 4057: 4055: 4053: 4051: 3822: 3460: 2993:Saakashvili for six years in prison for 2847: 2627: 2365: 2256: 2136: 2120: 2033: 1999: 1851: 1836: 1824: 1636: 1558: 1546: 903:assault occasioning grievous bodily harm 881:politician and jurist. He was the third 478:25 November 1995 – 2 March 2001 9491:Chairmen of the Revolutionary Committee 9339:2nd inauguration of Mikheil Saakashvili 9333:1st inauguration of Mikheil Saakashvili 6661: 6265: 5184:Onoprishvili, Davit (11 November 2014) 4978:Steavenson, Wendell (8 December 2008). 4413: 4411: 4123: 4121: 3359:(ECHR). In 2011, the ECHR ruled on the 3216:On 4 December 2022, Moldovan President 3148: 3025:" and urged the voters to remain calm. 2876:July 2019 early parliamentary elections 2524:In November 2013, Saakashvili moved to 1261:International Institute of Human Rights 1235:before receiving a fellowship from the 936:as the President in 2004. He was later 802:International Institute of Human Rights 14: 9815:Anti-communists from Georgia (country) 9757: 8918: 8351: 8316:. 9 November 2021 – via Twitter. 7990: 7988: 7986: 7907: 7905: 6615:Saakashvili, Mikheil (3 August 2017). 5314: 5297: 5256: 5155: 4791: 4789: 4787: 4785: 4677: 4518: 4219: 3557:. In Georgia, he is commonly known as 3514: 3493: 3444:. Former Georgian Minister of Defense 3001:and his role in the organization of a 2856:In May 2019, Ukraine's new president, 2562:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia 301:30 May 2015 – 9 November 2016 9860:People who lost Ukrainian citizenship 9415: 9022:Horowitz, Jason (19 September 2014). 8982: 8951: 8890: 6409: 6152:Horowitz, Jason (19 September 2014). 6126:Saakashvili, Mikheil (6 March 2014). 5702: 5483: 5166:from the original on 10 December 2022 4996: 4949: 4940: 4873: 4818:. Georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov 4448:Prentice, Alessandra (27 July 2017). 4048: 3386:Ordering beating of Valery Gelashvili 3265:. Zelensky has uploaded statement on 2767:State Border Guard Service of Ukraine 2725:On 4 August, Saakashvili appeared in 2636:'s impeachment, Kyiv, 3 December 2017 2566:relations between Georgia and Ukraine 2240: 956:towards crime. Saakashvili appointed 868: 855: 9875:Pro-Europeanism in Georgia (country) 9097:. Civil. 1 July 2001. Archived from 8602:Saidazimova, Gulnoza (1 July 2005). 8172:nikoladze, Tatia (1 February 2023). 4886: 4858: 4770:. Gadebate.un.org. 30 September 2014 4408: 4150:Communist and Post-Communist Studies 4118: 3628: 2980: 2934:2016 Georgian parliamentary election 2843: 2797:2019 Ukrainian presidential election 2733:claiming "I'll be travelling across 2602:Interfactional Union "Eurooptimists" 2578:2016 Georgian parliamentary election 2554:First Vice Prime Minister of Ukraine 2531: 2361: 2116: 2083:warned of growing authoritarianism. 1820: 1318: 1279:in early 1995, he was approached by 942:2012 Georgian parliamentary election 926:2003 Georgian parliamentary election 58:move details into the article's body 29: 9810:Nationalists from Georgia (country) 7983: 7902: 7156:Bennetts, Marc (12 February 2018). 7144:Ukraine Bans Saakashvili Until 2021 7026:"Saakashvili detained in Kiev – MP" 5484:Stott, Michael (9 September 2008). 5105:"Corruption Perceptions Index 2012" 5053:"2008 Corruption Perceptions Index" 5025:"Corruption Perceptions Index 2004" 4782: 4345: 4231:Aleksandr Gorbachev (29 May 2015). 3282:With their letter, the Ambassadors 2712:gave Saakashvili's political party 2570:dual nationality under Georgian law 1977:and established contacts with Sen. 1867:Saakashvili sees membership of the 1802: 1790: 1750:The Economic Liberty Act of Georgia 1542: 1207:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic 1104:dual nationality under Georgian law 986:ranked the country 8th in terms of 24: 9870:Prisoners and detainees of Ukraine 9840:Movement of New Forces politicians 9775:21st-century Ukrainian politicians 9635: 9627: 9534:Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic 9529: 9501:Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic 9496: 9461: 9328:Mikheil Saakashvili Full Biography 9265: 9244:"Movie star plays Georgian leader" 6465:International Republican Institute 6185:. 13 February 2015. Archived from 5777:. 20 December 2013. Archived from 5680:. 11 February 2010. Archived from 5342:Chilcote, Ryan (11 January 2006). 3949:. 19 November 2016. Archived from 3617:by Finnish-American film director 3411:Violent dispersal of 2007 protests 3361:ENUKIDZE AND GIRGVLIANI v. GEORGIA 3343:In response to criticism from the 3261:about transferring Saakashvili in 3083:condition had allegedly worsened. 2670:Stripping of Ukrainian citizenship 2632:Saakashvili-led protesters demand 2326:announced that Georgia had broken 1688:organization. The Saakashvili-led 1277:Patterson Belknap Webb & Tyler 1172:Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic 870:[m⁽ʲ⁾ixeˈilsɐɐkɐʃˈwil⁽ʲ⁾i] 25: 9951: 9300: 9149:. 18 January 2006. Archived from 8332:United States Department of State 7852:. Civil Georgia. 30 November 2021 7808:. Current Time TV. 1 October 2021 7684:"United National Movement Splits" 6969:(in Ukrainian). 12 February 2019. 6662:Taładaj, Hubert (7 August 2017). 6446:(in Ukrainian). 28 February 2017. 5344:"Bush grenade attacker gets life" 5257:Ellena, Monica (7 October 2015). 5197: 5156:Oakley, David (2 February 2007). 4475:Указ Президента України №329/2019 4162:10.1016/j.postcomstud.2016.11.001 4144:Dimitri Gugushvili (March 2017). 3390:On 14 July 2005, businessman and 3155:State Security Service of Georgia 2757:Ukraine. On 12 September, in the 1975:United States Department of State 1811: 1186:, is a historian who lectures at 9850:People of the Russo-Georgian War 9236: 9192: 9179: 9167:. U.S. Department of State. 2006 9157: 9113: 9087: 9072: 9049: 9015: 8976: 8945: 8919:Murray, Don (29 February 2008). 8912: 8884: 8856: 8797: 8749: 8729: 8694: 8668: 8618: 8595: 8585:Chivers. C.J. (8 November 2007) 8579: 8553: 8531: 8509: 8487: 8469: 8455: 8370: 8345: 8320: 8277: 8250: 8224: 8198: 8180: 8165: 8151: 8147:(in Georgian). 30 December 2021. 8131: 8127:(in Georgian). 30 December 2021. 8111: 8085: 8059: 8039: 8021: 7957: 7882: 7864: 7842: 7820: 7798: 7772: 7746: 7720: 7702: 7676: 7650: 7624: 7598: 7572: 7546: 7520: 7494: 7468: 7442: 7424: 7404: 7379: 7333: 7227: 7201: 7137: 7094: 7018: 6991: 6973: 6928: 6902: 6876: 6854: 6828: 6800: 6772: 6756: 6740: 6712: 6684: 6608: 6564: 6507: 6491: 6471: 6450: 6430: 6393: 6365: 6286: 6245: 6229: 5440:. Civil Georgia, 8 October 2007. 5298:Collin, Matthew (9 March 2007). 5273:"Remaking Healthcare in Georgia" 5224:Hood, Roger and Hoyle, Carolyn: 4887:Bigg, Claire (25 October 2013). 4323:. M.euronews.com. Archived from 3795: 3785: 3764: 3755: 3745: 3456: 3380: 3321:U.S. Foreign Agents Registration 3209:political process in Georgia" . 2376:Georgia's parliamentary election 2328:diplomatic relations with Russia 2105:On 23 November 2007, the ruling 1763: 1752:, which was adopted by the 1571:and a consequent resignation of 1323: 1251:in 1994 and took classes at the 1227:Saakashvili briefly worked as a 814: 34: 9915:Ukrainian television presenters 9845:Naturalized citizens of Ukraine 9143:"Human Rights Overview:Georgia" 8813:(in Georgian). 31 December 2021 8765:(in Ukrainian). 2 October 2021. 8745:(in Ukrainian). 1 October 2021. 8071:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 7082:(in Ukrainian). 8 December 2017 6914:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 6840:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 6201: 6145: 6119: 6097: 6054: 6024: 5994: 5978: 5932: 5911: 5903:. 2 August 2014. Archived from 5893: 5867: 5841: 5825:. Civil Georgia. Archived from 5811: 5793: 5763: 5723: 5718:Georgian troop rebellion 'over' 5696: 5662: 5636: 5612: 5590: 5530: 5500: 5477: 5443: 5431: 5426:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 5415: 5393: 5383: 5361: 5291: 5265: 5250: 5231: 5218: 5202:. Jamestown.org. Archived from 5191: 5178: 5149: 5123: 5097: 5045: 5017: 4990: 4971: 4899: 4893:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 4852: 4830: 4808: 4760: 4749: 4725: 4699: 4503:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 4490: 4466: 4441: 4339: 4313: 4287: 4137: 3999:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 3913:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 3314:Reaction of Georgian government 3305:On 14 July 2023, 44 Members of 3005:against an opposition lawmaker 2261:Meeting with Russian President 2168:Georgian presidential elections 1700:Economic and government reforms 1315:In the United National Movement 1271:Election to Georgian Parliament 905:against an opposition lawmaker 761: 566:2001 – 5 December 2015 497:4 November 2001 – 2003 9825:Jurists from Georgia (country) 9466:Democratic Republic of Georgia 9452:Democratic Republic of Georgia 8952:Smock, John (13 August 2004). 8864:"Profile: Mikhail Saakashvili" 6359:(in Ukrainian). 14 March 2016. 5650:(in Russian). 22 February 2008 4741:. 27 July 2017. Archived from 4132:Prosecutor's Office of Georgia 4014: 3967: 3919: 3901: 3879: 3863: 3732: 3494:October 2021 return to Georgia 3451:Prosecutor's Office of Georgia 3357:European Court of Human Rights 3310:and appropriate medical care. 2874:party and to take part in the 2803:Legal prosecution (in Ukraine) 2650:Ministry of Justice of Ukraine 2644:" and that "our goal is early 2314:, signed a decree recognizing 2046:The late Georgian businessman 2023: 1237:United States State Department 1069:Prosecutor's Office of Georgia 873:; born 21 December 1967) is a 13: 1: 8654:Democracy & Freedom Watch 8519:. Mtavar Arkhi. 12 March 2023 7450:"GDDG, UNM Trade Accusations" 6261:(in Ukrainian). 27 July 2017. 5703:Corso, Molly (2 March 2012). 4997:Corso, Molly (18 July 2005). 4042:. Ukraine Today. 30 May 2015. 3816: 3632: 2987:2021 Georgian local elections 2818:General Prosecutor of Ukraine 1537:National Movement - Democrats 1102:, and due to restrictions on 857:[miχeˈilsaakʼaˈʃʷili] 9940:Justice ministers of Georgia 8541:. Civil Georgia. 12 May 2023 8159:"The Daily Beat: 24 January" 7347:(in Ukrainian). 19 July 2019 7123:RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty 7004:RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty 6107:. Agenda.ge. 20 October 2021 6066:RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty 5948:(in Russian). 31 August 2014 5454:International Herald Tribune 4622:. Agenda.ge. 20 October 2021 3695: 3668: 3571: 3524:, Saakashvili speaks fluent 3442:2007 Georgian demonstrations 3417:2007 Georgian demonstrations 2966:vehicle of a previous party 2407:2007 Georgian demonstrations 2092:early presidential elections 2030:2007 Georgian demonstrations 1887:, and keeping its troops in 1719:Corruption Perceptions Index 1334:biography of a living person 1293:Union of Citizens of Georgia 975:Corruption Perceptions Index 797:George Washington University 737:Union of Citizens of Georgia 7: 9632:Flag of Georgia (1990–2004) 8844:(in Ukrainian). 1 June 2023 7830:. Report.az. 1 October 2021 7327:(in Russian). 21 July 2019. 7260:(in Ukrainian). 7 June 2019 6936:"Суд оштрафував Саакашвілі" 6381:(in Ukrainian). 4 July 2016 4957:(1st ed.). Routledge. 4861:"Georgia's Rose Revolution" 4661:. President. Archived from 3611:in the 2010 Hollywood film 3437:petty corruption in Georgia 3347:, Georgia's Prime Minister 3021:, said that the video was " 2710:at the time political polls 2657:Sociological group "RATING" 2585:Sociological group "RATING" 1641:Anti-Saakashvili poster in 1361:must be removed immediately 1058:murder of Sandro Girgvliani 1000:Georgian-Ossetian conflicts 787:National University of Kyiv 10: 9956: 9880:Pro-Europeanism in Ukraine 9780:Columbia Law School alumni 9200:"Interfax: News headlines" 8633:Transparency International 8497:. Agenda.ge. 27 April 2022 6329:Centre for Eastern Studies 5644:"Грузии расправили крылья" 5403:(in Georgian). Geotimes.ge 5371:. Rferl. 26 September 2007 5109:Transparency International 5057:Transparency International 5030:Transparency International 4980:"Marching Through Georgia" 4535:(in Russian). October 2021 3540:, and has some command of 3515:Saakashvili was imprisoned 3480:Saakashvili is married to 3472:, Mikheil Saakashvili and 3423:'s main transport artery, 3153:On 18 September 2023, the 2905:… I have experience." The 2852:Mikheil Saakashvili (2019) 2480: 2384:2013 presidential election 2370:Mikheil Saakashvili (2013) 2250: 2244: 2133:2008 presidential election 2081:International Crisis Group 2027: 1992:and during a meeting with 1950:"exposed diplomatically". 1723:Transparency International 1692:has been described by the 1669:, this time in Abkhazia's 1438: 980:Transparency International 946:2013 presidential election 9820:Governors of Odesa Oblast 9743: 9689: 9640:Standard of the President 9616: 9518: 9485: 9450: 9398: 9389: 9375: 9366: 9352: 9347: 6467:. 5 May 2017. p. 20. 5733:. Democrats. 9 June 2009. 4859:ADST (24 November 2015). 4458:. Reuters. Archived from 3644: 3641: 3638: 3635: 3431:Allegations of corruption 3284:William Harrison Courtney 2889:Saakashvili wrote on his 2598:Movement for Purification 2214:, Georgian ambassador to 2172:Prime Minister of Georgia 1856:Mikheil Saakashvili with 1841:Mikheil Saakashvili with 1527:On 24 February 2004, the 1197:' checkpoint unit in the 1094:appointed Saakashvili as 865: 851: 836: 822: 810: 779: 771: 746: 717: 676: 646: 641: 637: 625: 613: 602: 595:Honorary Chairman of the 594: 582: 570: 559: 551: 540: 535: 524: 513: 501: 490: 482: 471: 460: 452: 440: 428: 418: 407: 398: 393:Prime Minister of Georgia 391: 381: 369: 357: 347: 336: 329: 317: 305: 294: 287: 274: 261: 221: 210: 198: 185: 147: 136: 128: 124: 112: 101: 94: 88: 81: 9830:Politicians from Tbilisi 8702: 8139: 8119: 8047: 7317: 7072: 6946:– via www.bbc.com. 6294: 6209: 5940: 5919: 4474: 3891:Georgia Today on the Web 3805:can appoint and dismiss 3725: 3703:United National Movement 3676:United National Movement 3335:Georgian Prime Minister 3288:Kenneth Spencer Yalowitz 2574:United National Movement 2546:Governor of Odesa Oblast 2253:Georgia–Russia relations 2107:United National Movement 2038:Saakashvili at the 2007 2013:Tbilisi's Freedom Square 1529:United National Movement 1524:as a full-time adviser. 1447:United National Movement 1295:, Shevardnadze's party. 1188:Tbilisi State University 1162:Early life and education 1096:Governor of Odesa Oblast 895:United National Movement 731:United National Movement 597:United National Movement 554:United National Movement 289:Governor of Odesa Oblast 8985:"The Echo of Tskhinval" 5720:. BBC News. 5 May 2009. 5707:– via EurasiaNet. 5261:– via EurasiaNet. 5013:– via EurasiaNet. 4802:The Wall Street Journal 3580:, political scientists 3496:he recorded a video on 2911:National Reform Council 2897:. Saakashvili told the 2684:Constitution of Ukraine 2655:According to a poll by 2646:parliamentary elections 2460:Constitution of Ukraine 2417:. Saakashvili, then in 2111:Constitution of Georgia 2040:European People's Party 2011:was giving a speech in 1858:U.S. Secretary of State 1748:In 2009, he introduced 1555:as president of Georgia 1466:parliamentary elections 1154:. President of Georgia 1129:, where he was granted 966:economic liberalization 901:and organization of an 9746:* Acting head of state 9641: 9633: 9535: 9502: 9467: 7280:"Електоральна пам'ять" 5929://РБК, 13 August 2014. 5059:. 2008. Archived from 4659:"President of Georgia" 3520:Apart from his native 3477: 3276: 3146: 3003:grievous bodily injury 2880:Movement of New Forces 2853: 2836:there on the basis of 2714:Movement of New Forces 2642:Movement of New Forces 2637: 2624:Movement of New Forces 2526:Williamsburg, Brooklyn 2415:Badri Patarkatsishvili 2393:in the United States. 2371: 2276:, in his residence in 2266: 2194:Tbilisi Botanic Garden 2158:Changes in the Cabinet 2142: 2129: 2096:plebiscite in parallel 2068:Badri Patarkatsishvili 2048:Badri Patarkatsishvili 2043: 2004:On 10 May 2005, while 1877:2008 South Ossetia war 1864: 1849: 1834: 1731:ease of doing business 1646: 1564: 1556: 1348:Please help by adding 1112:Movement of New Forces 1098:. He was also granted 1075:Saakashvili supported 988:ease of doing business 725:Movement of New Forces 9865:Presidents of Georgia 9639: 9631: 9533: 9500: 9465: 9403:Giorgi Margvelashvili 8989:International Affairs 8893:"Mikheil Saakashvili" 8891:Barry, Ellen (2008). 8314:Amnesty International 3599:'s political analyst 3464: 3363:case, a high-profile 3271: 3226:Belarusian President 3191:Amnesty International 3141: 3071:President of Georgia 2884:Servant of the People 2851: 2795:'s candidacy for the 2688:Petro Poroshenko Bloc 2680:Ukrainian citizenship 2631: 2617:corruption in Ukraine 2550:Ukrainian citizenship 2507:ouster on 22 February 2497:piece entitled "When 2491:Revolution of Dignity 2369: 2260: 2220:Parliament of Georgia 2212:Grigol Mgaloblishvili 2179:Parliament of Georgia 2140: 2124: 2037: 2000:Assassination attempt 1971:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 1955:Early life and career 1855: 1840: 1828: 1797:Georgian Armed Forces 1754:Parliament of Georgia 1640: 1562: 1550: 1498:resigned as president 1459:Georgian Labour Party 1439:Further information: 1376:"Mikheil Saakashvili" 1222:Revolution on Granite 1100:Ukrainian citizenship 1085:Revolution of Dignity 1062:Gldani prison scandal 954:zero-tolerance policy 508:Parliament of Georgia 485:Tbilisi City Assembly 455:Parliament of Georgia 205:Giorgi Margvelashvili 162:Grigol Mgaloblishvili 9855:Lawyers from Tbilisi 9392:President of Georgia 9369:President of Georgia 5542:Georgia media centre 5512:Georgia media centre 5428:. 27 September 2007. 4930:eastofcenter.tol.org 4745:on 11 December 2017. 3807:government ministers 3597:Jamestown Foundation 3292:Richard Monroe Miles 3228:Alexander Lukashenko 3149:Coup plot accusation 3078:Saakashvili began a 3073:Salome Zourabichvili 3046:Irakli Gharibashvili 2907:Ukrainian parliament 2838:family reunification 2676:President Poroshenko 2558:Georgian citizenship 2538:president of Ukraine 2456:Georgian citizenship 2300:attack on Tskhinvali 2291:shortly thereafter. 2181:for final approval. 1667:another major crisis 1653:in the southwestern 1605:northern counterpart 1354:Contentious material 1215:President of Ukraine 1195:Soviet Border Troops 1182:centre. His mother, 1156:Salome Zourabichvili 914:member of parliament 883:president of Georgia 632:position established 577:position established 131:President of Georgia 9317:Mikheil Saakashvili 9307:Mikheil Saakashvili 9153:on 21 January 2006. 7508:. 27 September 2016 7482:. 26 September 2016 6938:. 22 September 2017 6916:. 13 September 2017 6890:. 12 September 2017 6864:. 11 September 2017 6842:. 12 September 2017 6331:. 30 December 2015. 6189:on 15 February 2015 6068:. 5 September 2017. 5781:on 14 February 2014 5632:on 29 October 2008. 5467:"Timeline: Georgia" 5331:on 1 November 2004. 5206:on 13 November 2007 5162:. Financial Times. 4405:(11 November 2016). 4386:(11 November 2016). 3937:. 14 December 2016. 3897:on 27 October 2020. 3857:. 10 November 2016. 3777:multilateral treaty 3349:Irakli Garibashvili 3345:European Parliament 3337:Irakli Garibashvili 3307:European Parliament 3235:Volodymyr Zelenskyy 3168:Mamuka Mamulashvili 2858:Volodymyr Zelenskyy 2834:permanent residency 2606:Democratic Alliance 2515:16 March referendum 2380:Bidzina Ivanishvili 2351:mass demonstrations 2271:President of Russia 2141:Saakashvili in 2008 2100:parliamentary polls 2017:Vladimir Arutyunian 1981:and forces seeking 1944:University of Haifa 1904:Western orientation 1843:President of Poland 1655:Autonomous Republic 1634:on 1 October 2004. 1628:new national anthem 1576:Eduard Shevardnadze 1291:, standing for the 1285:Eduard Shevardnadze 1249:Columbia Law School 1147:Irakli Garibashvili 1135:Volodymyr Zelenskyy 1131:permanent residency 1089:Ukrainian President 1034:mass demonstrations 962:Minister of Economy 922:Eduard Shevardnadze 918:minister of justice 843:Mikheil Saakashvili 792:Columbia University 387:Roland Giligashvili 364:Giorgi Arsenishvili 352:Eduard Shevardnadze 331:Minister of Justice 177:Bidzina Ivanishvili 119:Saakashvili in 2020 83:Mikheil Saakashvili 9642: 9634: 9536: 9503: 9468: 9443:Leaders of Georgia 9348:Political offices 9147:Human Rights Watch 9028:The New York Times 8898:The New York Times 8656:. 28 February 2012 8591:The New York Times 8465:. 1 February 2023. 8384:. 14 December 2022 8194:. 6 February 2023. 8161:. 25 January 2023. 8099:. 12 December 2021 8073:. 20 November 2021 7971:. 19 November 2021 7919:. 19 November 2021 7898:. 3 November 2021. 7760:. 6 September 2021 7638:. 24 December 2016 7586:. 10 November 2016 7456:. 5 September 2016 7189:. 14 February 2018 7107:(9 December 2017). 7061:(8 December 2017). 6988:(7 December 2017). 6427:(7 November 2016). 6406:(7 November 2016). 6283:(4 December 2015). 6158:The New York Times 6132:Washingtonpost.com 5907:on 10 August 2014. 5684:on 22 January 2012 5548:on 18 October 2015 5473:. 5 November 2008. 5244:The New York Times 4665:on 22 October 2007 4455:The New York Times 3980:(7 November 2016). 3876:(12 January 2017). 3843:. 9 November 2016. 3623:Russo-Georgian War 3576:In the 2010 study 3478: 3446:Irakli Okruashvili 3054:Grigol Liluashvili 3050:Vakhtang Gomelauri 2903:talks with the IMF 2895:Shmyhal Government 2854: 2638: 2372: 2335:Russo-Georgian War 2267: 2265:, 22 February 2008 2247:Russo-Georgian War 2241:Russo-Georgian War 2190:Davit Kezerashvili 2186:Ivane Merabishvili 2164:Cabinet of Georgia 2143: 2130: 2077:Human Rights Watch 2064:Irakli Okruashvili 2056:Irakli Okruashvili 2044: 1990:European Community 1957:). Biographies of 1865: 1850: 1835: 1647: 1616:Zviad Gamsakhurdia 1565: 1557: 1471:civil disobedience 1332:This section of a 1243:). He received an 1233:Zviad Gamsakhurdia 1087:. On 30 May 2015, 1038:Irakli Okruashvili 1012:Russo-Georgian War 828:saakashvilimikheil 9752: 9751: 9747: 9623: 9525: 9492: 9457: 9410: 9409: 9399:Succeeded by 9376:Succeeded by 9292:Harper's Magazine 9284:978-0-230-61773-5 9185:Socor, Vladimir. 9101:on 13 August 2008 9067:978-0-521-70915-6 8872:. 25 January 2004 8742:Ukrayinska Pravda 8682:. 2 December 2021 7945:. 10 October 2021 7878:. 1 October 2021. 7690:. 12 January 2017 7612:. 1 December 2016 7560:. 10 October 2016 7391:www.aljazeera.com 7324:Ukrayinska Pravda 7238:Radio Free Europe 7079:Ukrayinska Pravda 6966:Ukrayinska Pravda 6769:(16 August 2017). 6753:(16 August 2017). 6751:Radio Free Europe 6378:Ukrayinska Pravda 6308:on 5 August 2017. 6258:Ukrayinska Pravda 6001:Brenner, Susan W. 5881:on 10 August 2014 5855:on 10 August 2014 5829:on 10 August 2014 5456:. 8 October 2007. 5198:Socor, Vladimir. 4951:Jones, Stephen F. 4840:. Edition.cnn.com 4805:, 30 August 2008. 4462:on 5 August 2017. 4384:Radio Free Europe 4358:on 13 August 2016 4134:(1 October 2021). 4071:. 7 November 2016 3723: 3722: 3629:Electoral history 3488:, whom he met in 3399:Valery Gelashvili 3298:(2005-2009), and 3243:Ukrainian citizen 3201:On 28 June 2022, 3027:Mamuka Mdinaradze 3007:Valery Gelashvili 2981:Return to Georgia 2844:Return to Ukraine 2816:. On 8 December, 2814:Viktor Yanukovych 2696:Serhiy Leshchenko 2674:On 26 July 2017, 2532:Governor of Odesa 2511:Viktor Yanukovych 2489:movement and its 2468:Valery Gelashvili 2362:End of presidency 2117:Second presidency 2042:Summit in Lisbon. 1821:Foreign relations 1781:freedom of speech 1770:criminal kingpins 1580:electoral turnout 1514:Randy Scheunemann 1494:Liberty Institute 1437: 1436: 1429: 1411: 1337:needs additional 1301:Council of Europe 1083:movement and the 1054:Valery Gelashvili 907:Valery Gelashvili 866:Міхеіл Саакашвілі 852:მიხეილ სააკაშვილი 840: 839: 698:(2015–2017; 2019– 504:Union of Citizens 172:Vano Merabishvili 102:Міхеіл Саакашвілі 95:მიხეილ სააკაშვილი 75: 74: 54:length guidelines 16:(Redirected from 9947: 9900:Stateless people 9745: 9621: 9523: 9490: 9455: 9436: 9429: 9422: 9413: 9412: 9405: 9384: 9363: 9359: 9353:Preceded by 9345: 9344: 9318: 9296: 9260: 9259: 9257: 9255: 9240: 9234: 9233: 9231: 9229: 9222:"Georgia (2010)" 9218: 9212: 9211: 9209: 9207: 9196: 9190: 9183: 9177: 9176: 9174: 9172: 9161: 9155: 9154: 9139: 9133: 9132: 9130: 9128: 9117: 9111: 9110: 9108: 9106: 9091: 9085: 9076: 9070: 9053: 9047: 9046: 9044: 9042: 9019: 9013: 9012: 8980: 8974: 8973: 8971: 8969: 8960:. Archived from 8949: 8943: 8942: 8940: 8938: 8929:. Archived from 8916: 8910: 8909: 8907: 8905: 8888: 8882: 8881: 8879: 8877: 8860: 8854: 8853: 8851: 8849: 8832: 8823: 8822: 8820: 8818: 8801: 8795: 8794: 8792: 8790: 8784:Interfax-Ukraine 8776: 8767: 8766: 8753: 8747: 8746: 8733: 8727: 8726: 8724: 8722: 8717:on 26 April 2012 8716: 8709: 8698: 8692: 8691: 8689: 8687: 8672: 8666: 8665: 8663: 8661: 8646: 8637: 8636: 8630: 8622: 8616: 8615: 8613: 8611: 8599: 8593: 8583: 8577: 8576: 8574: 8572: 8557: 8551: 8550: 8548: 8546: 8535: 8529: 8528: 8526: 8524: 8513: 8507: 8506: 8504: 8502: 8491: 8485: 8484: 8473: 8467: 8466: 8459: 8453: 8452: 8450: 8448: 8440:Interfax-Ukraine 8431: 8422: 8421: 8419: 8417: 8400: 8394: 8393: 8391: 8389: 8374: 8368: 8367: 8366:on 29 June 2022. 8365: 8358: 8349: 8343: 8342: 8340: 8338: 8324: 8318: 8317: 8307: 8301: 8300: 8298: 8296: 8291:. 3 October 2021 8281: 8275: 8274: 8272: 8270: 8254: 8248: 8247: 8245: 8243: 8228: 8222: 8221: 8219: 8217: 8202: 8196: 8195: 8184: 8178: 8177: 8169: 8163: 8162: 8155: 8149: 8148: 8135: 8129: 8128: 8115: 8109: 8108: 8106: 8104: 8089: 8083: 8082: 8080: 8078: 8063: 8057: 8056: 8043: 8037: 8036: 8025: 8019: 8018: 8016: 8014: 7992: 7981: 7980: 7978: 7976: 7961: 7955: 7954: 7952: 7950: 7935: 7929: 7928: 7926: 7924: 7909: 7900: 7899: 7886: 7880: 7879: 7868: 7862: 7861: 7859: 7857: 7846: 7840: 7839: 7837: 7835: 7824: 7818: 7817: 7815: 7813: 7802: 7796: 7795: 7793: 7791: 7786:. 1 October 2021 7776: 7770: 7769: 7767: 7765: 7750: 7744: 7743: 7741: 7739: 7724: 7718: 7717: 7706: 7700: 7699: 7697: 7695: 7680: 7674: 7673: 7671: 7669: 7664:. 5 January 2017 7654: 7648: 7647: 7645: 7643: 7628: 7622: 7621: 7619: 7617: 7602: 7596: 7595: 7593: 7591: 7576: 7570: 7569: 7567: 7565: 7550: 7544: 7543: 7541: 7539: 7534:. 4 October 2016 7524: 7518: 7517: 7515: 7513: 7498: 7492: 7491: 7489: 7487: 7472: 7466: 7465: 7463: 7461: 7446: 7440: 7439: 7428: 7422: 7421: 7408: 7402: 7401: 7399: 7397: 7383: 7377: 7376: 7375:. 22 April 2020. 7372:Interfax-Ukraine 7363: 7357: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7337: 7331: 7328: 7312: 7297: 7288: 7287: 7276: 7270: 7269: 7267: 7265: 7250: 7241: 7231: 7225: 7224: 7222: 7220: 7205: 7199: 7198: 7196: 7194: 7179: 7173: 7172: 7170: 7168: 7153: 7147: 7141: 7135: 7134: 7132: 7130: 7114: 7108: 7098: 7092: 7091: 7089: 7087: 7068: 7062: 7052: 7043: 7042: 7040: 7038: 7031:TASS news agency 7022: 7016: 7015: 7013: 7011: 6995: 6989: 6977: 6971: 6970: 6957: 6948: 6947: 6945: 6943: 6932: 6926: 6925: 6923: 6921: 6906: 6900: 6899: 6897: 6895: 6880: 6874: 6873: 6871: 6869: 6858: 6852: 6851: 6849: 6847: 6832: 6826: 6825: 6823: 6821: 6816:. 10 August 2017 6804: 6798: 6797: 6795: 6793: 6788:. 10 August 2017 6776: 6770: 6760: 6754: 6744: 6738: 6737: 6735: 6733: 6725:Interfax-Ukraine 6716: 6710: 6709: 6707: 6705: 6697:TASS news agency 6688: 6682: 6681: 6679: 6677: 6659: 6657: 6655: 6643:Interfax-Ukraine 6634: 6632: 6630: 6612: 6606: 6596: 6590: 6589: 6587: 6585: 6568: 6562: 6561: 6559: 6557: 6536: 6534: 6532: 6511: 6505: 6495: 6489: 6488: 6475: 6469: 6468: 6462: 6454: 6448: 6447: 6434: 6428: 6425:Interfax-Ukraine 6418: 6407: 6404:Interfax-Ukraine 6397: 6391: 6390: 6388: 6386: 6369: 6363: 6360: 6346: 6345:. 14 March 2016. 6342:Interfax-Ukraine 6332: 6319: 6310: 6309: 6290: 6284: 6272: 6263: 6262: 6249: 6243: 6240:Interfax-Ukraine 6233: 6227: 6226: 6224: 6222: 6205: 6199: 6198: 6196: 6194: 6175: 6169: 6168: 6166: 6164: 6149: 6143: 6142: 6140: 6138: 6123: 6117: 6116: 6114: 6112: 6101: 6095: 6094: 6092: 6090: 6079: 6070: 6069: 6058: 6052: 6051: 6049: 6047: 6042:on 8 August 2017 6028: 6022: 5998: 5992: 5982: 5976: 5975: 5974:. 1 August 2015. 5964: 5958: 5957: 5955: 5953: 5936: 5930: 5928: 5927:on 20 June 2015. 5915: 5909: 5908: 5897: 5891: 5890: 5888: 5886: 5871: 5865: 5864: 5862: 5860: 5845: 5839: 5838: 5836: 5834: 5815: 5809: 5808: 5807:. 22 March 2014. 5797: 5791: 5790: 5788: 5786: 5775:Tufts University 5767: 5761: 5760: 5758: 5756: 5751:. 2 October 2012 5741: 5735: 5734: 5727: 5721: 5715: 5709: 5708: 5700: 5694: 5693: 5691: 5689: 5666: 5660: 5659: 5657: 5655: 5640: 5634: 5633: 5631: 5624: 5616: 5610: 5609: 5607: 5605: 5594: 5588: 5587: 5585: 5583: 5564: 5558: 5557: 5555: 5553: 5544:. Archived from 5534: 5528: 5527: 5525: 5523: 5514:. Archived from 5504: 5498: 5497: 5495: 5493: 5481: 5475: 5474: 5463: 5457: 5447: 5441: 5435: 5429: 5419: 5413: 5412: 5410: 5408: 5397: 5391: 5387: 5381: 5380: 5378: 5376: 5365: 5359: 5358: 5356: 5354: 5339: 5333: 5332: 5321: 5312: 5311: 5309: 5307: 5302:. News.bbc.co.uk 5295: 5289: 5288: 5286: 5284: 5269: 5263: 5262: 5254: 5248: 5247: 5235: 5229: 5222: 5216: 5215: 5213: 5211: 5195: 5189: 5182: 5176: 5175: 5173: 5171: 5161: 5153: 5147: 5146: 5144: 5142: 5127: 5121: 5120: 5118: 5116: 5101: 5095: 5094: 5092: 5090: 5079: 5073: 5072: 5070: 5068: 5049: 5043: 5042: 5040: 5038: 5021: 5015: 5014: 5012: 5010: 5001:. Archived from 4994: 4988: 4987: 4975: 4969: 4968: 4947: 4938: 4937: 4932:. Archived from 4922: 4911: 4910: 4903: 4897: 4896: 4884: 4871: 4870: 4856: 4850: 4849: 4847: 4845: 4834: 4828: 4827: 4825: 4823: 4812: 4806: 4795:Champion, Marc, 4793: 4780: 4779: 4777: 4775: 4764: 4758: 4753: 4747: 4746: 4729: 4723: 4722: 4720: 4718: 4703: 4697: 4696: 4694: 4692: 4681: 4675: 4674: 4672: 4670: 4655: 4649: 4648: 4641: 4632: 4631: 4629: 4627: 4616: 4605: 4604: 4602: 4600: 4595:. 1 October 2021 4585: 4576: 4575: 4573: 4571: 4556: 4545: 4544: 4542: 4540: 4525: 4516: 4515: 4513: 4511: 4494: 4488: 4487: 4485: 4483: 4470: 4464: 4463: 4445: 4439: 4438: 4436: 4434: 4415: 4406: 4403:Interfax-Ukraine 4396: 4387: 4377: 4368: 4367: 4365: 4363: 4354:. Archived from 4346:Georgia, Civil. 4343: 4337: 4336: 4334: 4332: 4317: 4311: 4310: 4308: 4306: 4291: 4285: 4284: 4282: 4280: 4263: 4250: 4249: 4247: 4245: 4228: 4217: 4216: 4214: 4212: 4195: 4182: 4181: 4141: 4135: 4125: 4116: 4090: 4081: 4080: 4078: 4076: 4059: 4046: 4043: 4035: 4034:on 28 July 2017. 4030:. 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Archived from 3883: 3877: 3874:Interfax-Ukraine 3867: 3861: 3858: 3844: 3841:president.gov.ua 3839:(in Ukrainian). 3831: 3810: 3801:In Ukraine only 3799: 3793: 3789: 3783: 3768: 3762: 3759: 3753: 3749: 3743: 3736: 3633: 3589:State Department 3510:Sofia Nizharadze 3505:Yelyzaveta Yasko 3425:Rustaveli Avenue 3092:Rustaveli Avenue 3035:Mtavari Arkhi TV 3033:pro-Saakashvili 2968:European Georgia 2919: 2868:Vitali Klitschko 2809:Security Service 2793:Yulia Tymoshenko 2634:Petro Poroshenko 2542:Petro Poroshenko 2438:Zurab Adeishvili 2391:Tufts University 2308:French President 2289:Dimitry Medvedev 2052:Imedi Television 1959:Thomas Jefferson 1900:Eastern European 1885:Coalition Forces 1803:Education reform 1791:Military reforms 1651:political crisis 1624:Chechen Republic 1612:a new state flag 1543:First presidency 1533:United Democrats 1455:Tbilisi Assembly 1432: 1425: 1421: 1418: 1412: 1410: 1369: 1350:reliable sources 1327: 1326: 1319: 1218:Petro Poroshenko 1199:Boryspil Airport 1123:stateless person 1119:Petro Poroshenko 1092:Petro Poroshenko 990:and named it as 958:Kakha Bendukidze 920:under President 872: 867: 859: 854: 853: 832: 829: 818: 765: 763: 660: 657:21 December 1967 656: 654: 642:Personal details 628: 618: 585: 573: 564: 552:Chairman of the 545: 529: 518: 495: 483:Chairman of the 476: 465: 447:Zurab Noghaideli 443: 431: 412: 384: 376:John Khetsuriani 372: 360: 341: 320: 308: 299: 277: 264: 247:Giorgi Baramidze 224: 215: 201: 188: 150: 141: 117: 108: 104: 103: 97: 96: 79: 78: 70: 67: 61: 52:Please read the 38: 37: 30: 21: 9955: 9954: 9950: 9949: 9948: 9946: 9945: 9944: 9935:Hunger strikers 9895:Rose Revolution 9755: 9754: 9753: 9748: 9739: 9685: 9620: 9612: 9522: 9514: 9489: 9481: 9454: 9446: 9440: 9406: 9401: 9395: 9385: 9382: 9381: 9379:Nino Burjanadze 9372: 9364: 9361: 9360: 9357:Nino Burjanadze 9355: 9316: 9303: 9268: 9266:Further reading 9263: 9253: 9251: 9242: 9241: 9237: 9227: 9225: 9220: 9219: 9215: 9205: 9203: 9198: 9197: 9193: 9184: 9180: 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8230: 8229: 8225: 8215: 8213: 8212:. 13 March 2023 8204: 8203: 8199: 8186: 8185: 8181: 8170: 8166: 8157: 8156: 8152: 8141: 8137: 8136: 8132: 8121: 8117: 8116: 8112: 8102: 8100: 8091: 8090: 8086: 8076: 8074: 8065: 8064: 8060: 8055:on 2 June 2022. 8049: 8045: 8044: 8040: 8027: 8026: 8022: 8012: 8010: 8000:Washington Post 7994: 7993: 7984: 7974: 7972: 7963: 7962: 7958: 7948: 7946: 7937: 7936: 7932: 7922: 7920: 7911: 7910: 7903: 7888: 7887: 7883: 7870: 7869: 7865: 7855: 7853: 7848: 7847: 7843: 7833: 7831: 7826: 7825: 7821: 7811: 7809: 7804: 7803: 7799: 7789: 7787: 7778: 7777: 7773: 7763: 7761: 7752: 7751: 7747: 7737: 7735: 7734:. 25 March 2019 7726: 7725: 7721: 7708: 7707: 7703: 7693: 7691: 7682: 7681: 7677: 7667: 7665: 7656: 7655: 7651: 7641: 7639: 7630: 7629: 7625: 7615: 7613: 7604: 7603: 7599: 7589: 7587: 7578: 7577: 7573: 7563: 7561: 7552: 7551: 7547: 7537: 7535: 7526: 7525: 7521: 7511: 7509: 7500: 7499: 7495: 7485: 7483: 7474: 7473: 7469: 7459: 7457: 7448: 7447: 7443: 7430: 7429: 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6555: 6553: 6538: 6537: 6530: 6528: 6513: 6512: 6508: 6504:(27 July 2017). 6496: 6492: 6487:. 26 July 2017. 6477: 6476: 6472: 6460: 6456: 6455: 6451: 6436: 6435: 6431: 6419: 6410: 6398: 6394: 6384: 6382: 6371: 6370: 6366: 6349: 6335: 6323: 6320: 6313: 6296: 6292: 6291: 6287: 6273: 6266: 6251: 6250: 6246: 6234: 6230: 6220: 6218: 6211: 6207: 6206: 6202: 6192: 6190: 6177: 6176: 6172: 6162: 6160: 6150: 6146: 6136: 6134: 6124: 6120: 6110: 6108: 6103: 6102: 6098: 6088: 6086: 6081: 6080: 6073: 6060: 6059: 6055: 6045: 6043: 6030: 6029: 6025: 5999: 5995: 5991:(27 July 2017). 5983: 5979: 5966: 5965: 5961: 5951: 5949: 5942: 5938: 5937: 5933: 5921: 5917: 5916: 5912: 5899: 5898: 5894: 5884: 5882: 5873: 5872: 5868: 5858: 5856: 5847: 5846: 5842: 5832: 5830: 5817: 5816: 5812: 5799: 5798: 5794: 5784: 5782: 5769: 5768: 5764: 5754: 5752: 5743: 5742: 5738: 5729: 5728: 5724: 5716: 5712: 5701: 5697: 5687: 5685: 5668: 5667: 5663: 5653: 5651: 5642: 5641: 5637: 5629: 5622: 5618: 5617: 5613: 5603: 5601: 5596: 5595: 5591: 5581: 5579: 5578:on 8 April 2023 5566: 5565: 5561: 5551: 5549: 5536: 5535: 5531: 5521: 5519: 5506: 5505: 5501: 5491: 5489: 5482: 5478: 5465: 5464: 5460: 5448: 5444: 5436: 5432: 5420: 5416: 5406: 5404: 5399: 5398: 5394: 5388: 5384: 5374: 5372: 5367: 5366: 5362: 5352: 5350: 5340: 5336: 5323: 5322: 5315: 5305: 5303: 5296: 5292: 5282: 5280: 5279:on 28 July 2017 5271: 5270: 5266: 5255: 5251: 5236: 5232: 5223: 5219: 5209: 5207: 5196: 5192: 5183: 5179: 5169: 5167: 5159:"Sweet Georgia" 5154: 5150: 5140: 5138: 5137:on 24 June 2014 5129: 5128: 5124: 5114: 5112: 5103: 5102: 5098: 5088: 5086: 5081: 5080: 5076: 5066: 5064: 5051: 5050: 5046: 5036: 5034: 5023: 5022: 5018: 5008: 5006: 5005:on 16 June 2018 4995: 4991: 4976: 4972: 4965: 4953:(17 May 2010). 4948: 4941: 4936:on 9 June 2012. 4924: 4923: 4914: 4909:. 20 June 2012. 4905: 4904: 4900: 4885: 4874: 4857: 4853: 4843: 4841: 4836: 4835: 4831: 4821: 4819: 4814: 4813: 4809: 4794: 4783: 4773: 4771: 4766: 4765: 4761: 4754: 4750: 4731: 4730: 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3714: 3713: 3687: 3686: 3631: 3582:Steven Levitsky 3574: 3459: 3433: 3413: 3388: 3383: 3316: 3180: 3159:Georgian Legion 3151: 2983: 2975:Grigol Vashadze 2953:Givi Targamadze 2926: 2913: 2899:Financial Times 2846: 2825:National Police 2823:announced that 2805: 2672: 2626: 2534: 2513:and before the 2483: 2447:In March 2015, 2399: 2364: 2347: 2324:Grigol Vashadze 2312:Dmitry Medvedev 2296:South Ossetians 2255: 2249: 2243: 2205:ballot stuffing 2175:Lado Gurgenidze 2160: 2151:polling station 2135: 2119: 2032: 2026: 2002: 1963:John F. Kennedy 1902:countries with 1861:Hillary Clinton 1829:U.S. President 1823: 1814: 1805: 1793: 1766: 1742:Bank of Georgia 1702: 1690:Rose Revolution 1675:Emzar Kvitsiani 1663:Aslan Abashidze 1569:Rose Revolution 1545: 1506:Rose Revolution 1502:Nino Burjanadze 1488:") and several 1443: 1441:Rose Revolution 1433: 1422: 1416: 1413: 1370: 1368: 1347: 1328: 1324: 1317: 1273: 1164: 1143:local elections 1121:, and became a 1050:Nino Burjanadze 1016:Nicolas Sarkozy 996:Abkhaz–Georgian 930:Rose Revolution 826: 806: 767: 764: 1994) 759: 755: 742: 718:Political party 713: 661: 658: 652: 650: 626: 620: 614: 609: 589:Grigol Vashadze 583: 571: 565: 560: 546: 541: 530: 525: 519: 514: 506:Faction in the 496: 491: 477: 472: 466: 461: 441: 429: 413: 408: 403: 382: 370: 358: 342: 337: 324:Maksym Stepanov 318: 306: 300: 295: 281:Nino Burjanadze 275: 268:Nino Burjanadze 262: 257: 253:Lado Gurgenidze 242:Zurab Nogaideli 222: 216: 211: 199: 192:Nino Burjanadze 186: 181: 157:Lado Gurgenidze 148: 142: 137: 120: 107: 89: 84: 71: 65: 62: 51: 48:may be too long 43:This article's 39: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9953: 9943: 9942: 9937: 9932: 9927: 9922: 9917: 9912: 9907: 9902: 9897: 9892: 9887: 9882: 9877: 9872: 9867: 9862: 9857: 9852: 9847: 9842: 9837: 9832: 9827: 9822: 9817: 9812: 9807: 9802: 9797: 9792: 9787: 9782: 9777: 9772: 9767: 9750: 9749: 9744: 9741: 9740: 9738: 9733: 9728: 9723: 9718: 9713: 9708: 9703: 9698: 9693: 9691: 9687: 9686: 9684: 9679: 9677:Margvelashvili 9674: 9669: 9663: 9658: 9652: 9647: 9626: 9624: 9618:Modern Georgia 9614: 9613: 9611: 9606: 9601: 9596: 9591: 9586: 9581: 9576: 9571: 9566: 9561: 9559:Kartvelishvili 9556: 9551: 9546: 9541: 9528: 9526: 9516: 9515: 9513: 9508: 9495: 9493: 9483: 9482: 9480: 9479: 9474: 9460: 9458: 9456:Prime Minister 9448: 9447: 9439: 9438: 9431: 9424: 9416: 9408: 9407: 9400: 9397: 9387: 9386: 9377: 9374: 9365: 9354: 9350: 9349: 9343: 9342: 9336: 9330: 9325: 9313: 9302: 9301:External links 9299: 9298: 9297: 9286: 9278:. NYU (2010). 9267: 9264: 9262: 9261: 9250:. October 2009 9235: 9213: 9202:. Interfax.com 9191: 9178: 9156: 9134: 9112: 9086: 9082:The World Bank 9071: 9048: 9014: 8975: 8964:on 11 May 2008 8944: 8911: 8883: 8855: 8824: 8796: 8768: 8748: 8728: 8693: 8667: 8638: 8617: 8594: 8578: 8567:. 28 June 2018 8552: 8530: 8508: 8486: 8468: 8454: 8423: 8395: 8369: 8344: 8319: 8302: 8276: 8249: 8223: 8197: 8179: 8164: 8150: 8130: 8110: 8084: 8058: 8038: 8020: 7982: 7956: 7930: 7901: 7881: 7863: 7841: 7819: 7797: 7771: 7745: 7719: 7701: 7675: 7649: 7623: 7597: 7571: 7545: 7519: 7493: 7467: 7441: 7436:voxukraine.org 7423: 7403: 7378: 7358: 7332: 7330: 7329: 7313: 7289: 7271: 7242: 7226: 7200: 7174: 7148: 7136: 7109: 7093: 7063: 7044: 7017: 6990: 6972: 6949: 6927: 6901: 6875: 6853: 6827: 6799: 6771: 6755: 6739: 6711: 6683: 6625:. kyivpost.com 6607: 6591: 6580:. 28 July 2017 6563: 6552:. 27 July 2017 6527:. 27 July 2017 6506: 6490: 6470: 6449: 6429: 6408: 6392: 6364: 6362: 6361: 6347: 6333: 6311: 6285: 6280:New York Times 6264: 6244: 6242:(2 June 2015). 6228: 6217:on 2 June 2015 6200: 6170: 6144: 6118: 6096: 6071: 6053: 6023: 5993: 5977: 5959: 5931: 5910: 5892: 5866: 5840: 5810: 5792: 5762: 5736: 5722: 5710: 5695: 5661: 5635: 5611: 5589: 5559: 5529: 5518:on 5 June 2010 5499: 5476: 5458: 5442: 5430: 5414: 5392: 5382: 5360: 5334: 5313: 5290: 5264: 5249: 5230: 5217: 5190: 5177: 5148: 5122: 5096: 5074: 5063:on 11 May 2012 5044: 5016: 4989: 4984:The New Yorker 4970: 4964:978-0415565271 4963: 4939: 4912: 4898: 4872: 4851: 4829: 4807: 4781: 4759: 4748: 4724: 4711:Deutsche Welle 4698: 4676: 4650: 4647:. 12 May 2022. 4633: 4606: 4577: 4546: 4517: 4489: 4465: 4440: 4407: 4388: 4369: 4338: 4327:on 1 June 2015 4312: 4286: 4251: 4218: 4183: 4136: 4117: 4115: 4114: 4110:New York Times 4102: 4082: 4047: 4045: 4044: 4036: 4013: 3982: 3966: 3964: 3963: 3953:on 10 May 2017 3939: 3918: 3900: 3878: 3862: 3860: 3859: 3845: 3820: 3818: 3815: 3812: 3811: 3794: 3784: 3763: 3754: 3744: 3730: 3729: 3727: 3724: 3721: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3711: 3710: 3708: 3705: 3700: 3694: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3684: 3683: 3681: 3678: 3673: 3667: 3666: 3663: 3660: 3657: 3654: 3651: 3647: 3646: 3643: 3640: 3637: 3630: 3627: 3601:Vladimir Socor 3573: 3570: 3486:Sandra Roelofs 3470:Michelle Obama 3466:Sandra Roelofs 3458: 3455: 3432: 3429: 3412: 3409: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3315: 3312: 3179: 3176: 3150: 3147: 3019:Georgian Dream 2995:abuse of power 2982: 2979: 2925: 2922: 2845: 2842: 2821:Yuriy Lutsenko 2804: 2801: 2759:Leopolis Hotel 2671: 2668: 2625: 2622: 2533: 2530: 2482: 2479: 2431:European Union 2398: 2395: 2363: 2360: 2346: 2343: 2274:Vladimir Putin 2263:Vladimir Putin 2245:Main article: 2242: 2239: 2159: 2156: 2134: 2131: 2118: 2115: 2028:Main article: 2025: 2022: 2009:George W. Bush 2006:U.S. President 2001: 1998: 1846:Lech Kaczyński 1831:George W. Bush 1822: 1819: 1813: 1812:Health reforms 1810: 1804: 1801: 1792: 1789: 1765: 1762: 1735:Simeon Dyankov 1701: 1698: 1632:new state arms 1593:European Union 1551:Saakashvili's 1544: 1541: 1435: 1434: 1358:poorly sourced 1331: 1329: 1322: 1316: 1313: 1272: 1269: 1184:Giuli Alasania 1163: 1160: 899:abuse of power 838: 837: 834: 833: 824: 820: 819: 812: 808: 807: 805: 804: 799: 794: 789: 783: 781: 777: 776: 773: 769: 768: 757: 753:Sandra Roelofs 751: 750: 748: 744: 743: 741: 740: 734: 733:(2001–present) 728: 727:(2017–present) 721: 719: 715: 714: 712: 711: 703: 701: 693: 687: 680: 678: 674: 673: 648: 644: 643: 639: 638: 635: 634: 633: 629: 623: 622: 616:Assumed office 611: 610: 603: 600: 599: 592: 591: 586: 580: 579: 578: 574: 568: 567: 557: 556: 549: 548: 538: 537: 533: 532: 522: 521: 511: 510: 499: 498: 488: 487: 480: 479: 469: 468: 458: 457: 453:Member of the 450: 449: 444: 438: 437: 432: 426: 425: 424: 420: 416: 415: 405: 404: 399: 396: 395: 389: 388: 385: 379: 378: 373: 367: 366: 361: 359:Prime Minister 355: 354: 349: 345: 344: 334: 333: 327: 326: 321: 315: 314: 309: 303: 302: 292: 291: 285: 284: 278: 272: 271: 265: 259: 258: 256: 255: 250: 244: 239: 237: 233: 227: 225: 223:Prime Minister 219: 218: 208: 207: 202: 196: 195: 189: 183: 182: 180: 179: 174: 169: 164: 159: 153: 151: 149:Prime Minister 145: 144: 134: 133: 126: 125: 122: 121: 118: 110: 109: 106: 105: 98: 90: 86: 85: 82: 73: 72: 42: 40: 33: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9952: 9941: 9938: 9936: 9933: 9931: 9928: 9926: 9923: 9921: 9918: 9916: 9913: 9911: 9908: 9906: 9903: 9901: 9898: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9883: 9881: 9878: 9876: 9873: 9871: 9868: 9866: 9863: 9861: 9858: 9856: 9853: 9851: 9848: 9846: 9843: 9841: 9838: 9836: 9835:Living people 9833: 9831: 9828: 9826: 9823: 9821: 9818: 9816: 9813: 9811: 9808: 9806: 9803: 9801: 9798: 9796: 9793: 9791: 9788: 9786: 9783: 9781: 9778: 9776: 9773: 9771: 9768: 9766: 9763: 9762: 9760: 9742: 9737: 9734: 9732: 9729: 9727: 9724: 9722: 9719: 9717: 9714: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9688: 9683: 9682:Zourabichvili 9680: 9678: 9675: 9673: 9670: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9656: 9653: 9651: 9648: 9646: 9643: 9638: 9630: 9625: 9619: 9615: 9610: 9607: 9605: 9602: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9565: 9562: 9560: 9557: 9555: 9552: 9550: 9547: 9545: 9542: 9540: 9537: 9532: 9527: 9521: 9517: 9512: 9509: 9507: 9504: 9499: 9494: 9488: 9484: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9469: 9464: 9459: 9453: 9449: 9444: 9437: 9432: 9430: 9425: 9423: 9418: 9417: 9414: 9404: 9394: 9393: 9388: 9380: 9371: 9370: 9358: 9351: 9346: 9340: 9337: 9334: 9331: 9329: 9326: 9324: 9320: 9314: 9312: 9308: 9305: 9304: 9294: 9293: 9287: 9285: 9281: 9277: 9273: 9272:Asmus, Ronald 9270: 9269: 9249: 9245: 9239: 9223: 9217: 9201: 9195: 9188: 9182: 9166: 9160: 9152: 9148: 9144: 9138: 9122: 9116: 9100: 9096: 9090: 9084: 9083: 9075: 9068: 9064: 9060: 9059: 9052: 9037: 9033: 9029: 9025: 9018: 9010: 9006: 9002: 8998: 8994: 8990: 8986: 8979: 8963: 8959: 8955: 8948: 8933:on 2 May 2008 8932: 8928: 8927: 8922: 8915: 8900: 8899: 8894: 8887: 8871: 8870: 8865: 8859: 8843: 8842: 8837: 8831: 8829: 8812: 8811: 8806: 8800: 8785: 8781: 8775: 8773: 8764: 8763: 8758: 8752: 8744: 8743: 8738: 8732: 8713: 8705: 8697: 8681: 8677: 8671: 8655: 8651: 8645: 8643: 8634: 8627: 8621: 8605: 8598: 8592: 8588: 8582: 8566: 8562: 8556: 8540: 8534: 8518: 8512: 8496: 8490: 8482: 8478: 8472: 8464: 8458: 8443:. 3 July 2023 8442: 8441: 8436: 8430: 8428: 8412:. 5 July 2023 8411: 8410: 8405: 8399: 8383: 8379: 8373: 8362: 8355: 8348: 8333: 8329: 8323: 8315: 8312: 8306: 8290: 8286: 8280: 8265: 8264: 8259: 8253: 8237: 8233: 8227: 8211: 8207: 8201: 8193: 8189: 8183: 8175: 8168: 8160: 8154: 8146: 8142: 8134: 8126: 8122: 8114: 8098: 8094: 8088: 8072: 8068: 8062: 8054: 8050: 8042: 8034: 8030: 8024: 8009: 8005: 8001: 7997: 7991: 7989: 7987: 7970: 7966: 7960: 7944: 7940: 7934: 7918: 7914: 7908: 7906: 7897: 7896: 7891: 7885: 7877: 7873: 7867: 7851: 7845: 7829: 7823: 7807: 7801: 7785: 7784:Mtavari Arkhi 7781: 7775: 7759: 7755: 7749: 7733: 7732:Civil Georgia 7729: 7723: 7715: 7711: 7705: 7689: 7688:Civil Georgia 7685: 7679: 7663: 7662:Civil Georgia 7659: 7653: 7637: 7636:Civil Georgia 7633: 7627: 7611: 7610:Civil Georgia 7607: 7601: 7585: 7584:Civil Georgia 7581: 7575: 7559: 7558:Civil Georgia 7555: 7549: 7533: 7532:Civil Georgia 7529: 7523: 7507: 7506:Civil Georgia 7503: 7497: 7481: 7480:Civil Georgia 7477: 7471: 7455: 7454:Civil Georgia 7451: 7445: 7437: 7433: 7427: 7420:. 1 May 2020. 7419: 7418: 7413: 7407: 7392: 7388: 7382: 7374: 7373: 7368: 7362: 7346: 7342: 7336: 7326: 7325: 7320: 7314: 7310: 7309: 7304: 7300: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7285: 7281: 7275: 7259: 7255: 7249: 7247: 7239: 7235: 7230: 7215:. 28 May 2019 7214: 7210: 7204: 7188: 7184: 7178: 7163: 7159: 7152: 7145: 7140: 7125: 7124: 7119: 7113: 7106: 7102: 7097: 7081: 7080: 7075: 7067: 7060: 7056: 7051: 7049: 7033: 7032: 7027: 7021: 7006: 7005: 7000: 6994: 6987: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6968: 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