167:
46:
340:
501:, interprets the legend in Jungian psychological terms. In the final scene of the novel where David Staunton is celebrating Christmas with Lizelloti Fitziputli, Magnus Eisengrim, and Dunstan Ramsay he is given a gingerbread bear. Ramsay explains that Gall made a pact of peace with a bear who was terrorizing the citizens of the nearby village. They would feed him gingerbread and he would refrain from eating them. The parable is presented as a Jungian exhortation to make peace with one's dark side. This Jungian interpretation is however incompatible with Catholic Orthodoxy which Gall promoted.
458:(evidenced from 760 onwards) played an illustrious part in Catholic and intellectual history until it was secularised in 1798. It is very likely that Gall kept a small library of books for himself and his disciples for their liturgical worship. Following his death and the establishment of his tomb, the brotherhood of priests gathered there likely added to this small collection of books. These books would become the basis for the
977:
242:
332:
When the See of
Constance became vacant, the clergy who assembled to elect a new bishop were unanimously in favour of Gall. He, however, refused, pleading that the election of a stranger would be contrary to church law. Some time later, in the year 625, on the death of Eustasius, abbott of Luxeuil, a
371:
Another popular story has it that as Gall was travelling in the woods of what is now
Switzerland he was sitting one evening warming his hands at a fire. A bear emerged from the woods and charged. The holy man rebuked the bear, so awed by his presence it stopped its attack and slunk off to the trees.
333:
monastery founded by
Columbanus, members of that community were sent by the monks to request Gall to undertake the government of the monastery. He refused to quit his life of solitude, and undertake any office of rank which might involve him in the cares of the world. He was then an old man.
396:
When
Columbanus, Gall and their companions left Ireland for mainland Europe, they took with them learning and the written word. Their effect on the historical record was significant as the books were painstakingly reproduced on vellum by monks across Europe. Many of the Irish texts
413:
For several decades after his death, Gall's hermit cell remained; his disciples remained together in the cell he had built and followed the rule of St. Columban, combining prayer with work of the hands and reading with teaching. In 719,
298:. The monastery at Bangor had become renowned throughout Europe as a great centre of Christian learning. Studying in Bangor at the same time as Gall was Columbanus, who with twelve companions, set out about the year 589.
372:
There it gathered firewood before returning to share the heat of the fire with Gall. The legend says that for the rest of his days Gall was followed around by his companion the bear.
769:
Vies des pères, des martyrs, et des autres principaux saints : tirées des actes originaux et des monumens les plus authentiques, avec des notes historiques et critiques
329:, near the source of the river Steinach. Cells were soon added for twelve monks whom Gall carefully instructed. Gall was soon known in Switzerland as a powerful preacher.
489:
is the name of a wheel shaped hard cheese made from the milk of
Friesian cows, which won a Gold Medal at the World Cheese Awards held in Dublin 2008.
275:
Gall's origin is a matter of dispute. According to his 9th-century biographers in
Reichenau, he was from Ireland and entered Europe as a companion of
609:
1032:
613:
574:Ăśbersetzer, Tremp, Ernst 1948- Mitwirkender Huber, Johannes Mitwirkender Schmuki, Karl 1952- Mitwirkender Horlent, Jenifer (13 January 2024).
450:. After an extended conflict with the see of Constance, the Abbey of St. Gallen regained its independence in the 9th century when Emperor
279:. The Irish origin of the historical Gallus was called into question by Hilty (2001), who proposed it as more likely that he was from the
1022:
272:, who also revised a book of the miracles of the saint. Other works ascribed to Walafrid tell of Saint Gall in prose and verse.
136:
that brings him a log of wood; may be shown holding a hermit's tau staff with the bear or carrying a loaf and a pilgrim's staff.
946:
684:
368:, who had granted an estate at Arbon (which belonged to the royal treasury) to Gall so that he might found a monastery there.
1042:
898:
884:
585:
1037:
1007:
843:
478:
built a church in his honor in Prague shortly after his coronation in 1230, as well as the area of "Havel Town" around it.
321:
but when in 612 Columbanus travelled on to Italy from
Bregenz, Gall had to remain behind due to illness and was nursed at
1047:
937:
1062:
1057:
446:. In the second half of the 8th century, the community continued to grow but became legally dependent on the Bishop of
715:
Poncelot, Albert. "St. Gall." The
Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 17 Apr. 2013
1017:
870:
402:
325:. He remained in Alemannia, where, with several companions, he led the life of a hermit in the forests southwest of
651:
Gallus und die
Sprachgeschichte der Nordostschweiz, St Gallen, 2001. Max Schär, "Woher kam der heilige Gallus?",
510:
434:
beginning in 747. As many as 53 monks joined the order under St. Otmar and the community grew to acquire land in
725:
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667:
166:
1012:
739:
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region. Schär (2010) proposed that Gall may have been of Irish descent but born and raised in the Alsace.
1052:
459:
193:
645) according to hagiographic tradition was a disciple and one of the traditional twelve companions of
1067:
967:
45:
577:
The Abbey
Library of Saint Gall the history, the baroque hall and the collections of the Abbey Library
20:
356:
of Saint Gall were circulated. Prominent was the story in which Gall delivered Fridiburga from the
198:
515:
93:
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89:
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1002:
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8:
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309:. In 610, Columbanus was exiled by leaders opposed to Christianity and fled with Gall to
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to the continent. However, he may have originally come from the border region between
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880:
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97:
290:
According to the 9th-century hagiographies, Gall as a young man went to study under
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492:
951:
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847:
451:
269:
127:
840:
793:"On the Curri cul um of the Arts of the Trivium at St. Gall from c. 850-c. 1000"
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Studien und Mitteilungen zur Geschichte des Benediktinerordens und seiner Zweige
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454:
made it a royal monastery. The Abbey's monastery and especially its celebrated
326:
178:
991:
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816:
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668:"Who was St. Gall", St. Gall's Church, Bangor, County Down, Northern Ireland
740:"St. Gall's Bear", St. Gall's Church, Bangor, County Down, Northern Ireland
415:
301:
Gall and his companions established themselves with Columbanus at first at
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141:
750:
917:
907:
475:
455:
427:
361:
221:. Gall is known as a representative of the Irish monastic tradition. The
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772:(in French). Chez Broulhiet, éditeur, rue Saint-Rome. pp. 261–265.
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From as early as the 9th century a series of fantastically embroidered
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Images of Saint Gall typically represent him standing with a bear.
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230:
202:
627:
Grattan-Flood, William. "St. Deicolus." The Catholic Encyclopedia
435:
318:
291:
443:
418:, the brotherhood's first abbot, extended Gall's cell into the
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284:
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106:
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by which she was possessed. Fridiburga was the betrothed of
357:
314:
150:
146:
79:
32:
629:
Vol. 4. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1908. 2 June 2018
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He died at the age of ninety-five around 645–650 in Arbon.
306:
133:
685:""Who was St. Gall?", St. Gall School, Chicago, Illinois"
170:
Stained-glass disc showing Saint Gall as dean, dated 1566
910:, pp. 165–190, Early Music xxviii, no.2, May 2000
965:
229:, Switzerland was built upon his original hermitage.
726:"Saint Gall", Orthodox Outlet for Dogmatic Enquiries
638:English translation in Throop, Priscilla, trans.,
313:. He accompanied Columbanus on his voyage up the
989:
19:"St. Gall" redirects here. For other uses, see
891:Gallusland. Auf den Spuren des heiligen Gallus
260:was recast in the 9th century by two monks of
904:Music and musicians in medieval Irish society
765:
532:
530:
405:were preserved in Abbeys across the channel.
343:Gall, Columbanus, and Magnus: Autobahnkapelle
841:The Irish Farmhouse Cheesemakers Association
608:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
710:
708:
706:
612:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
573:
527:
44:
914:Music in Prehistoric and Medieval Ireland
865:, Llanerch Press, Burnham-on-Sea, 1927.
663:
661:
338:
240:
165:
830:360 Virtual Prague: Church of St. Havel
790:
735:
733:
703:
580:. Verlag am Klosterhof. pp. 9–10.
380:His feast is celebrated on 16 October.
1033:Medieval Irish saints on the Continent
990:
935:The Origins of Traditional Irish Music
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877:Gallus. Der Heikiger in seiner Zeit
655:vol. 121. St. Ottilien 2010, 71–94.
13:
1023:6th-century Irish Christian clergy
672:
642:, Charlotte, VT: MedievalMS, 2010.
422:, which became the nucleus of the
248:and Saint Gall on Lake Constance (
14:
1079:
928:
893:, Paulus Verlag, Fribourg, 2011.
552:
430:. The abbey followed the rule of
252:), from a 15th-century manuscript
132:Portrayed as an abbot blessing a
975:
474:), Gall was known as St. Havel.
879:, Schwabe Verlag, Basle, 2011.
855:
834:
784:
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233:was the elder brother of Gall.
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632:
620:
538:"Saint of the Day, October 16"
470:In Bohemian lands (modern day
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1:
540:. St. Patrick Catholic Church
516:List of Roman Catholic saints
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190:
186:
1043:Irish expatriates in Germany
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7:
1038:Irish expatriates in France
1008:7th-century Frankish saints
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460:Abbey Library of Saint Gall
438:, the region of Zurich and
10:
1084:
1048:Irish expatriates in Italy
924:, volume one, Oxford, 2005
861:Joynt, Maud, tr. and ed.,
347:
18:
1063:7th-century Irish writers
1058:6th-century Irish writers
947:Orthodox Icons of St Gall
391:
264:, enlarged in 816–824 by
140:
126:
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103:
85:
73:
63:
55:
43:
30:
21:St. Gall (disambiguation)
1018:Medieval Irish musicians
922:A New History of Ireland
521:
16:Irish disciple and saint
940:7 December 1998 at the
920:, pp. 744–813, in
846:19 October 2013 at the
809:10.1163/156853463X00036
753:The Lives of the Saints
511:List of Orthodox saints
268:, and about 833–884 by
256:The fragmentary oldest
94:Eastern Orthodox Church
791:De Rijk, L.M. (1963).
766:Butler, Alban (1808).
640:The Life of Saint Gall
432:St. Benedict of Nursia
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253:
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1028:Medieval Irish saints
956:Christian Iconography
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90:Roman Catholic Church
424:Canton of St. Gallen
213:at the monastery of
199:mission from Ireland
1013:Abbey of Saint Gall
889:Schmid, Christian,
863:The Life of St Gall
466:Church of St. Havel
223:Abbey of Saint Gall
112:Abbey of Saint Gall
1053:Colombanian saints
482:In popular culture
401:in Ireland during
345:
254:
172:
1068:People from Arbon
899:978-3-7228-0794-2
885:978-3-7965-2749-4
587:978-3-906616-82-7
420:Abbey of St. Gall
409:Abbey of St. Gall
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98:Church of Ireland
86:Venerated in
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225:in the city of
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803:(1): 35–86.
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693:. Retrieved
689:the original
652:
647:
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542:. Retrieved
496:
491:
486:
485:
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444:River Neckar
442:, up to the
412:
403:Viking raids
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387:
379:
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331:
300:
296:Bangor Abbey
289:
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257:
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227:Saint Gallen
174:
173:
25:
1003:640s deaths
918:Ann Buckley
908:Ann Buckley
476:Wenceslas I
456:scriptorium
428:Switzerland
426:in eastern
384:Iconography
362:Sigebert II
315:Rhine River
155:Switzerland
153:, poultry,
998:550 births
992:Categories
376:Veneration
277:Columbanus
246:Columbanus
211:Columbanus
195:Columbanus
159:St. Gallen
128:Attributes
122:16 October
58:Saint Gall
56:Patron of
50:Saint Gall
958:web site.
817:0042-7543
604:cite book
596:214366157
448:Constance
440:Alemannia
416:St. Otmar
399:destroyed
311:Alemannia
262:Reichenau
237:Biography
207:Alemannia
142:Patronage
938:Archived
844:Archived
797:Vivarium
778:71811056
505:See also
266:Wettinus
250:Bodensee
231:Deicolus
203:Lorraine
954:at the
544:8 March
487:St Gall
436:Thurgau
348:Legends
319:Bregenz
303:Luxeuil
292:Comgall
217:in the
215:Luxeuil
197:on his
69:Ireland
982:Saints
968:Portal
897:
883:
869:
815:
776:
695:14 May
594:
584:
392:Legacy
366:Franks
285:Alsace
281:Vosges
219:Vosges
189:550 –
183:Gallus
107:shrine
105:Major
77:c. 645
67:c. 550
522:Notes
358:demon
354:Lives
323:Arbon
179:Latin
151:geese
147:birds
118:Feast
80:Arbon
33:Saint
895:ISBN
881:ISBN
867:ISBN
813:ISSN
774:OCLC
697:2013
614:link
610:link
592:OCLC
582:ISBN
546:2012
307:Gaul
258:Life
205:and
175:Gall
134:bear
74:Died
64:Born
38:Gall
805:doi
317:to
305:in
294:of
283:or
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