2064:
10.Nxe5 dxe5 11.Qb3 (11.Qxd8+ Kxd8 12.Bxf7 Ke7 is also good for Black) 11...Qe7 12.Ba3 c5 does not give enough compensation for two pawns. White can deviate with 7.Qb3, when the old main line runs 7...Qe7 8.0-0 Bxc3, and here 9.Qxc3 gives White good compensation. Thus both John Watson and USCF master Mark Morss recommend 7...Bxc3+, in order to meet 8.Qxc3 with 8...Qf6! when White loses too much time with the queen. Thus White often continues 8.bxc3 when 8...Qe7 9.0-0 Nf6 can be met by 10.e5 (transposing back to lines arising from 7.0-0 Bxc3 8.bxc3 Nf6 9.e5, though these are insufficient for White) or the relatively unexplored 10.Bg5. Other deviations for White include 7.Ng5 and 6.Bg5.
1854:
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1001:
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286:
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174:
111:
104:
83:
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987:
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799:
70:
1140:; several seventh move alternatives for White are possible here, 7.g3 for example) 7...Ne5 seems Black's strongest reply. Play usually continues 8.Be2 (white allows Ne5 with tempo to enable a potential f4 counter). 8... Qg6 (8...d5 is also possible) 9.0-0. Here, White allows Black the option of taking the unprotected pawn on e4, but it is considered "poisoned".) 8.0-0 Bb6 where the position is roughly equal.
4518:
636:(p. 21) that although ...Nxd4 is a "non-line" these days, if Black continues perfectly it is not clear that White gets even a small advantage. Keilhack analyses 5.Qxd4 d6 6.Nc3 Nf6 7.Bc4 Be7 8.0-0 0-0 9.Bg5 c6 10.a4 Qa5 11.Bh4 and now after 11...Qe5 or 11...Be6, "White has at most this indescribable nothingness which is the
1563:
in which Black is known to have a satisfactory game. Black can instead accept the gambit with 5...dxc3, but this is riskier because White will gain a lead in development after 6.Bxf7+ Kxf7 7.Qd5+ and Qxc5. Alternatively, Black may decline the gambit with 5...d3, opening the diagonal for the bishop on
2016:
Black can equalise by transposing to the Danish
Declined with 4...d5, when the critical line runs 5.exd5 Qxd5 6.cxd4 Bg4 7.Be2 Bb4+ 8.Nc3 Bxf3 9.Bxf3 Qc4 (or 6...Bb4+ 7.Nc3 Bg4 8.Be2 Bxf3 9.Bxf3 Qc4, leading to the same position), often referred to as the Capablanca Variation in view of the strength
2063:
If Black accepts the gambit with 4...dxc3, White can commit to sacrificing only one pawn with 5.Nxc3. Black's most critical response is generally considered to be 5...Bb4, when White does not get enough compensation after 6.Bc4 d6 7.0-0 Bxc3 8.bxc3 Nf6!, when 9.Ba3 Bg4 is insufficient and 9.e5 Nxe5
2025:
with the risky 10.Be3, deters many players from employing this gambit. Equal endgames result after either 10.Qb3 Qxb3 11.axb3 Nge7 or 10.Bxc6+ bxc6 11.Qe2+ Qxe2+ 12.Kxe2 Ne7. If Black avoids steering for
Capablanca's ending, e.g. with 6...Nf6 or 7...0-0-0 in the above lines, then White obtains good
1173:
4...Qh4!? almost wins a pawn by force, but White gets a lead in development and attacking chances as compensation. As of 2005, White's most successful line has been 5.Nc3 Bb4 6.Be2 Qxe4 7.Nb5 Bxc3+ 8.bxc3 Kd8 9.0-0, from which Black's awkwardly placed king has generally proven more significant than
659:
is often regarded as a mistake and an automatic slight advantage for White. While 3...d6 does defend the e5-pawn, it allows White to play 4.d5 and kick out the knight. The resulting line of 4...Nce7 5.c4 Nf6 6.Nc3 Ng6 allows White an imposing centre and better chances for winning. Opting to take on
2080:
considers far more dangerous for Black. If Black does not accept the second pawn with 5...cxb2, then White can avoid Black's most critical response to 5.Nxc3 (5...Bb4 6.Bc4 d6). For instance, after 5...d6, White's best is 6.Nxc3, transposing back to the 5.Nxc3 d6 line. 5...Nf6 6.Nxc3 transposes to
1591:
1855. The line has more recently appeared in grandmaster play, however, and seems to offer both sides approximately equal chances. Black can equalise with either 9...d5 (Black's latent threats of ...Nb4 and ...Re8+ prevent capturing the d5-pawn; if 10.Bf4 dxe4 11.Nd2 Re8 12.0-0-0 Bf5 and Black has
2007:
often transposed to it via the move order 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.c3 dxc3 4.Nxc3, when ...Nc6 for Black and Nf3 for White often followed. In general, the opening is unpopular at master level but is more popular at club level. It is recommended to study the Göring Gambit in connection with the Danish.
1578:
5.Ng5!?, with the idea of 5...Nh6 (best) 6.Nxf7 Nxf7 7.Bxf7+ Kxf7 8.Qh5+ g6 9.Qxc5, regaining the material. This line violates normal opening principles by moving a piece twice, attacking before development is complete, and placing the queen where it is exposed to attack. For this reason it has
2067:
Black's main alternative is 5...d6, which usually leads to complications and approximately equal chances after 6.Bc4 Nf6 7.Qb3 Qd7 8.Ng5 Ne5 9.Bb5 c6 10.f4, or 7.Ng5 Ne5 8.Bb3 h6 9.f4. 5...Bc5 is also playable, transposing to the Scotch Gambit after 6.Bc4 but cutting out the Bxf7+ possibility.
1162:). After 5.Nc3 almost always played is 5...Bb4 6.Nxc6 bxc6 7.Bd3 d5 8.exd5 cxd5 9.0-0 0-0 10.Bg5 c6. After 5.Nxc6 bxc6 6.e5 Qe7 7.Qe2 Nd5 8.c4 is also very common. Where these main lines end, the first real opening decisions are made, which are too specific for this overview.
2046:
considers 5...Nd5 a better try for equality, when White can continue 6.Bb5 a6 7.Ba4 Nb6 8.Bb3, 6.Qb3, 6.Bc4 or 6.cxd4. Another possibility is 4...Nge7 intending 5...d5, when the critical continuation is 5.Bc4 d5 6.exd5 Nxd5 7.0-0. According to IM
2026:
piece play in return for the isolated d-pawn. White can deviate with 6...Bg4 7.Nc3, with the idea of meeting 7...Bb4 with 8.a3 (or 6...Bb4+ 7.Nc3 Bg4 8.a3) or the rare 5.Bd3, neither of which promise an advantage but which avoid those endings.
660:
e5 still scores poorly for Black, as 4.dxe5 dxe5 5.Qxd8+ leaves Black in a losing dilemma: either take with the king and forgo castling rights (5...Kxd8), or to take with the c6-knight and lose the e5-pawn (5...Nxd8 6.Nxe5).
1973:
which starts with 4.c3. White sacrifices one or two pawns in return for a lead in development, and typically follows up by putting pressure on f7 with Bc4, Qb3 and sometimes Ng5, while Nc3–d5 is another common motif. The
2096:
to c6, Black cannot safely meet 6.Bxb2 with 6...d5. Instead, play often continues 6...d6 7.0-0 Be6 8.Bxe6 fxe6 9.Qb3 Qd7 or 7.Qb3 Qd7 8.Bc3 Nh6. 6...Bb4+ is the main alternative for Black, whereupon an approach with
1986:
introduced it into master play in 1872, but while Göring's name is most often associated with the one-pawn gambit (5.Nxc3), Göring invariably used the double-pawn gambit with 5.Bc4. The gambit has been played by
699:
2231:
A beginner would probably enjoy such a 'combination', but in reality White has only succeeded in weakening his own position. His queen is now his only developed piece and will immediately be subjected to
2081:
the 5.Nxc3 Nf6 line, 5...Bb4 is well met by 6.0-0 or 6.bxc3 (transposing to the Scotch Gambit), 5...Bc5 also transposes to the Scotch Gambit while 5...Be7?! (which is well met by 6.Qd5) transposes to the
1143:
After 5.Nxc6, play almost always continues 5...Qf6 (Black does not lose a piece on c6 because he is threatening mate with 6...Qxf2) 6.Qd2 dxc6 7.Nc3, or 6.Qf3 dxc6 followed by either 7.Bc4 or 7.Nc3.
2068:
5...Nf6 6.Bc4 can transpose back to 5...d6 lines after 6...d6, or Black can attempt to transpose to 5...Bb4 lines with 6...Bb4, but this allows 7.e5 d5 8.exf6 dxc4 9.Qxd8+ Nxd8 10.fxg7 Rg8 11.Bh6.
571:
from the Centre Game 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.Nf3 Nc6). After 3...d6, White is better after 4.dxe5 dxe5 5.Qxd8+ Kxd8 6.Bc4, or they may simply play 4.Bb5, when 4...exd4 5.Nxd4 Bd7 transposes to the
1551:
by 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.d4 exd4; however, this move order gives Black the option of avoiding the Scotch with 4...Bxd4. After 4.Bc4, Black can transpose into the 4.d4 exd4 line of the
505:("On the game of Chess, practical Observations by an anonymous Modenese Author"), was the first author to mention what is now called the Scotch Game. The opening received its name from a
582:
is possible, though rarely played today by strong players. It was popular in the 19th century, and receives five columns of analysis in
Freeborough and Ranken's opening manual
567:
by exchanging their d-pawn for Black's e-pawn. Black usually plays 3...exd4, as they have no good way of maintaining their pawn on e5 (this same position can be reached by
2051:, Black may be able to equalise with 7...Be7. Declining with 4...d3, however, allows White some advantage after 5.Bxd3 d6 6.Bf4 Be7 7.h3 Nf6 8.Nbd2 Bd7 9.Qc2 according to
1146:
On 5.Nb3 play almost always continues 5...Bb6 6.Nc3, or alternatively 5...Bb6 6. a4 a6 7.Nc3. After 6.Nc3, White usually follows with (in some order) Qe2, Be3 or Bg5.
517:. Popular in the 19th century, by 1900 the Scotch had lost favour among top players because it was thought to release the central tension too early and allow Black to
489:
1559:
5.c3, dubbed the Haxo Gambit by Eric
Schiller, has little independent significance. Most popular and probably best is 5...Nf6, transposing into a variation of the
483:
3064:
1982:
in the 1840s, and the earliest game with it was probably played in 1843. The first game with the gambit accepted may be Meek–Morphy, New York 1857.
480:
4298:
2088:
Thus Black's most critical response is to take the second pawn with 5...cxb2 6.Bxb2. Unlike in the Danish proper, having committed the
2119:
3850:
1112:
In the main line after 4.Nxd4, Black has two major options. Either 4...Bc5 or 4...Nf6 offers Black good chances for an equal game.
648:
also concludes that Black equalises after the alternative 4.Nxe5 Ne6 5.Bc4 Nf6 6.Nc3 Be7 7.0-0 0-0 8.Be3 d6 9.Nd3 Nxe4 10.Nxe4 d5 (
4313:
4273:
4293:
2742:
4288:
2596:
3840:
2738:
The Games of the Match of Chess Played
Between The London and The Edinburgh Chess Clubs In 1824, 1825, 1826, 1827 and 1828
586:(3rd ed. 1896 p. 53). It is often described today as a strategic error, since after 4.Nxd4 exd4 5.Qxd4 (5.Bc4 is the
474:
4233:
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4081:
3845:
4371:
3836:
3831:
2721:
2654:
2632:
2577:
2076:
Alternatively, White can transpose into the Danish by offering a second pawn with 5.Bc4 cxb2 6.Bxb2, an approach which
3159:
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2680:
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2502:
2480:
2216:
4278:
4268:
4186:
4071:
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2816:
1121:
2017:
of Black's concept in the game
Marshall–Capablanca, Lake Hopatcong 1926. This line (which can also arise from the
4263:
4253:
2769:
2535:
2517:
612:
406:
4558:
4258:
4248:
4243:
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4238:
3814:
3576:
3127:
1996:
637:
471:
3652:
3132:
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4356:
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629:
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4458:
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4351:
4010:
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604:
546:
736:
730:
720:
668:
4412:
4346:
4196:
4091:
4086:
3935:
656:
652:). The main line 3...exd4 4.Nxd4 may transpose into this position if Black chooses to play 4...Nxd4.
599:
536:
helped to re-popularise the Scotch when they used it as a surprise weapon to avoid the well-analysed
4388:
4361:
4203:
3920:
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438:
2999:
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684:
3033:
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2512:
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4076:
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3303:
3149:
3054:
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2831:
2114:
2099:
698:
1988:
622:
519:
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4017:
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3081:
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568:
561:
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506:
8:
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3521:
3489:
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2043:
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526:
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2183:
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3930:
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3459:
3422:
3071:
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2420:
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2004:
2021:
to the Queen's Gambit), forcing White to either exchange queens or forgo the right to
572:
4468:
4341:
4153:
4111:
4037:
3989:
3972:
3952:
3804:
3742:
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3209:
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2676:
2650:
2628:
2592:
2573:
2544:
2498:
2476:
2222:
2212:
2082:
628:
with 5...Ne7 6.Bc4 Nc6 7.Qd5 Qf6 8.0-0 Ne5 9.Be2 c6 10.Qb3 Ng6 11.f4 Bc5+ 12.Kh1 d6 (
2344:
678:
After the usual 3...exd4, White can respond with the main line 4.Nxd4 or can play a
4463:
4336:
4178:
4121:
4027:
3977:
3826:
3772:
3767:
3757:
3672:
3593:
3583:
3559:
3526:
3098:
3012:
2786:
2035:
2018:
2000:
1570:
1170:
1579:
traditionally been considered inferior, perhaps influenced by the well-known game
4428:
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2916:
2737:
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2522:
2253:
1992:
1979:
1588:
3692:
3603:
4527:
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4191:
4032:
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3727:
3722:
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3288:
3176:
3144:
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3103:
3088:
3049:
3044:
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2966:
2811:
2755:
2324:
2298:
2272:
2208:
2188:
2137:
2048:
1596:
The Black response 4...Bb4+ to the Scotch Gambit is called the London
Defence.
1548:
672:
529:
495:
2392:
2360:
1983:
1129:
On 5.Be3 play almost always continues 5...Qf6 6.c3 Nge7 7.Bc4 (as proposed by
503:
Sopra il giuoco degli
Scacchi, Osservazioni pratiche d’anonimo Autore Modenese
4542:
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castling is considered dangerous for Black, e.g. 7.Nc3 Nf6 8.Qc2 d6 9.0-0-0.
1970:
591:
463:
2376:
2203:"The Fundamentals of Chess Strategy – The Equilibrium and its disturbance".
2091:
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developed too early since it cannot be chased away very effectively (5...c5
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2993:
2988:
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2799:
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After 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 exd4, the most important continuations are:
649:
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3494:
3330:
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3253:
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2565:
1592:
the upper hand ) or 9...d6 (taking advantage of White's exposed queen).
533:
3000:
1555:
with 4...Nf6, or continue 4...Bc5, when White has three main options.
4453:
3777:
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2172:
Chess
Openings from Swedish Chess TV-program "Chess TV" – Episode 336
685:
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537:
510:
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2100:
2022:
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428:
2034:
Black can also decline with 4...Nf6, transposing to a line of the
623:
520:
2858:
1547:
starts with 4.Bc4. The Scotch Gambit may also be reached via the
562:
3325:
2421:
Mark Morss: The
Importance of the Open Game; the Goering Gambit
1564:
c5 and depriving White's knight of its most natural square, c3.
679:
514:
2778:
1543:
Instead of 4.Nxd4, White has two ways to offer a gambit. The
2843:
2254:"Scotch Game Scotch Gambit London Defense – Chess Opening"
1978:
notes that the gambit was first played at high levels by
682:
by offering Black one or two pawns in exchange for rapid
4517:
2747:
2294:"Alexander Beaufort Meek vs. Paul Morphy, New York 1857"
2184:"Alexander Beaufort Meek vs. Paul Morphy, Mobile 1855"
2071:
664:
cites a meager 18% win rate for Black's 3...d6 move.
2058:
1126:After 4...Bc5 White has 5.Be3, 5.Nxc6, or 5.Nb3.
602:is a seriously weakening move that blocks Black's
2743:History of the Scotch at the Edinburgh Chess Club
4540:
2689:
2605:
2586:
1605:
1183:
1165:
759:
30:
2423:. The Campbell Report. Retrieved on 2010-09-10.
1115:
2411:. The World In Chess. Retrieved on 2010-09-10.
2320:"Marshall vs. Capablanca, Lake Hopatcong 1926"
2205:Complete Chess Strategy 1: Planning the Pieces
2763:
2622:
1149:
671:4.Nxe5 transposes into a line of the dubious
2708:
2038:. The continuation 5.e5 Ne4 was endorsed by
2663:
2564:
632:). Similarly, Harald Keilhack concludes in
2770:
2756:
2641:
2539:. Vol. C (3rd ed.). Yugoslavia:
2521:. Vol. C (2nd ed.). Yugoslavia:
2029:
2623:Dembo, Yelena; Palliser, Richard (2011).
2572:. Chess Information and Research Center.
2529:
2511:
2120:List of chess openings named after places
525:without difficulty. In the 20th century
2144:, G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1976, pp. 117–18.
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902:
839:
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285:
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201:
173:
110:
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82:
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2393:Ponziani Opening: Other Critical Lines
1839:
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2409:John Watson review of Danish Dynamite
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1154:After 4...Nf6 White has 5.Nxc6 (the
753:
2570:Chess Openings for White, Explained
2072:Double-pawn gambit: 4...dxc3 5.Bc4
594:stands on a central square, and is
13:
2692:Scotch the Scotch: Lolli Variation
2558:
697:
693:
14:
4570:
2731:
2059:One-pawn gambit: 4...dxc3 5.Nxc3
584:Chess Openings Ancient and Modern
4516:
4187:List of strong chess tournaments
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1122:Scotch Game, Classical Variation
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3160:Gökyay Association Chess Museum
2536:Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings
2518:Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings
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2426:
2414:
2402:
2386:
2370:
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2286:
2243:Matanović (1981), p. 218, n. 77
2162:Matanović (1997), p. 251, n. 28
613:Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings
2268:"Staunton vs. NN, London 1843"
2260:
2246:
2237:
2196:
2176:
2165:
2156:
2153:Matanović (1997), p. 254, n. 7
2147:
2131:
1166:Steinitz Variation: 4...Qh4!?
1:
4285:Computer chess championships
2125:
1116:Classical Variation: 4...Bc5
713:4...Bc5 (Classical Variation)
2647:Starting Out The Scotch Game
2042:(Everyman Chess, 2008), but
466:that begins with the moves:
7:
4062:Bishop and knight checkmate
2669:4... Qh4 in the Scotch Game
2108:
1569:5.0-0 usually leads to the
1150:Schmidt Variation: 4...Nf6
716:4...Nf6 (Schmidt Variation)
638:advantage of the first move
559:White aims to dominate the
554:
10:
4575:
4230:Other world championships
2455:. Retrieved on 2010-09-10.
2439:. Retrieved on 2010-09-10.
2399:. Retrieved on 2010-09-10.
2383:. Retrieved on 2010-09-10.
2367:. Retrieved on 2010-09-10.
2361:Davies vs. Danish Dynamite
2351:. Retrieved on 2010-09-10.
2040:Dangerous Weapons, 1.e4 e5
1119:
542:
4511:
4421:
4324:
4177:
4072:Opposite-coloured bishops
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3998:
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3413:
3274:
3175:
3011:
2915:
2785:
2777:
2690:Soszynski, Marek (2023).
2589:The Scotch Game for White
2587:Barsky, Vladimir (2009).
2495:The Scotch Game Explained
2053:Batsford Chess Openings 2
2011:
1976:Oxford Companion to Chess
634:Knight on the Left: 1.Nc3
444:
434:
424:
416:
404:
396:
27:
4204:World Chess Championship
3165:World Chess Hall of Fame
2433:Steinitz for the Defense
1160:Scotch Four Knights Game
702:Scotch Opening, animated
549:to describe chess moves.
4498:Simultaneous exhibition
4408:Chess newspaper columns
4097:Rook and bishop vs rook
4082:Queen and pawn vs queen
2475:. Henry Holt & Co.
2473:Winning with the Scotch
2030:Other ways of declining
1138:Winning with the Scotch
749:4.Bb5 (Relfsson Gambit)
620:) concludes that Black
3948:Richter–Veresov Attack
3936:Queen's Indian Defence
2115:List of chess openings
703:
509:match in 1824 between
400:1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4
4559:18th century in chess
4214:Candidates Tournament
4102:Rook and pawn vs rook
4067:King and pawn vs king
4018:List of chess gambits
3921:King's Indian Defence
3599:Isolated Queen's Pawn
3123:List of chess players
3065:Top player comparison
2864:Internet chess server
2531:Matanović, Aleksandar
2513:Matanović, Aleksandar
1969:is a relative of the
1538:Scotch Gambit: 4.Bc4
743:4.Bc4 (Scotch Gambit)
701:
439:King's Knight Opening
3926:Nimzo-Indian Defence
3822:Scandinavian Defense
3783:Semi-Italian Opening
3688:King's Indian Attack
3577:first-move advantage
3230:Threefold repetition
3155:Bobby Fischer Center
3040:Charlemagne chessmen
3034:Göttingen manuscript
2998:
2839:Correspondence chess
2211:. 1975. p. 34.
2098:
2089:
1960:Göring Gambit: 4.c3
1600:Göring Gambit: 4.c3
1178:Scotch Gambit: 4.Bc4
746:4.c3 (Göring Gambit)
723:(Steinitz Variation)
683:
621:
610:). Nonetheless, the
603:
560:
518:
4159:Two knights endgame
3906:Bogo-Indian Defence
3793:Two Knights Defense
3733:Nimzowitsch Defence
3423:Artificial castling
3060:Soviet chess school
2935:Dubrovnik chess set
2003:. In casual games,
1989:Ljubomir Ljubojević
1984:Carl Theodor Göring
1573:after 5...Nf6 6.e5.
1553:Two Knights Defence
710:4.Nxd4 (Main line)
24:
4389:endgame literature
3931:Old Indian Defense
3841:Accelerated Dragon
3713:Alekhine's Defence
3445:Checkmate patterns
3314:symbols in Unicode
3309:annotation symbols
3072:Geography of chess
2940:Staunton chess set
2649:. Everyman Chess.
2627:. Everyman Chess.
2606:Botterill, G. S.;
2005:Alexander Alekhine
1107:Main line: 4.Nxd4
754:Main line: 4.Nxd4
704:
575:in the Ruy Lopez.
547:algebraic notation
545:This article uses
22:
4536:
4535:
4413:Chess periodicals
4342:Chess in the arts
4274:Chess composition
4112:Philidor position
4048:
4047:
3990:Trompowsky Attack
3973:Semi-Slav Defence
3863:Queen's Pawn Game
3743:Four Knights Game
3718:Caro–Kann Defence
3683:Zukertort Opening
3470:Discovered attack
3190:Cheating in chess
3027:Versus de scachis
2616:B.T. Batsford Ltd
2598:978-954-8782-73-9
2083:Hungarian Defence
1958:
1957:
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4523:Chess portal
4521:
4520:
4464:Leela Chess Zero
4395:Oxford Companion
4347:early literature
4337:Chess aesthetics
4077:Pawnless endgame
4028:Bongcloud Attack
4006:List of openings
3978:Chigorin Defense
3916:Grünfeld Defence
3827:Sicilian Defence
3773:Ponziani Opening
3768:Philidor Defence
3763:Petrov's Defence
3705:King's Pawn Game
3678:Larsen's Opening
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2142:Chess: A History
2135:
2102:
2093:
2036:Ponziani Opening
2019:Chigorin Defence
2001:Jonathan Penrose
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1571:Max Lange Attack
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1174:the extra pawn.
1158:) or 5.Nc3 (the
1156:Mieses Variation
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644:p. 25) The
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573:Steinitz Defence
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4403:Chess libraries
4320:
4224:FIDE Grand Prix
4219:Chess World Cup
4173:
4169:Wrong rook pawn
4107:Lucena position
4044:
3994:
3911:Catalan Opening
3886:English Defence
3871:Budapest Gambit
3857:
3815:Austrian Attack
3699:
3668:English Opening
3630:
3626:School of chess
3609:Minority attack
3541:
3510:Queen sacrifice
3409:
3270:
3266:White and Black
3261:Touch-move rule
3220:Perpetual check
3215:Fifty-move rule
3171:
3007:
3004:
2911:
2781:
2776:
2734:
2724:
2714:The Scotch Game
2702:
2683:
2657:
2635:
2625:The Scotch Game
2599:
2591:. Chess Stars.
2580:
2561:
2559:Further reading
2551:
2541:Chess Informant
2523:Chess Informant
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2014:
1993:David Bronstein
1980:Howard Staunton
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694:Main variations
689:
627:
609:
588:Napoleon Gambit
580:Lolli Variation
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4549:Chess openings
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4444:Chess composer
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4299:North American
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4192:Chess Olympiad
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4139:
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4129:
4124:
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4109:
4099:
4094:
4089:
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4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4058:
4056:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4038:Scholar's mate
4035:
4030:
4020:
4015:
4014:
4013:
4002:
4000:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3981:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3953:Queen's Gambit
3950:
3945:
3940:
3939:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3896:Benoni Defence
3891:Indian Defence
3888:
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3867:
3865:
3859:
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3856:
3855:
3854:
3853:
3848:
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3819:
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3807:
3805:Owen's Defence
3802:
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3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
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3760:
3755:
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3728:Modern Defence
3725:
3723:French Defence
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3700:
3698:
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3695:
3690:
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3658:Bird's Opening
3655:
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3589:Pawn structure
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3433:Alekhine's gun
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3408:
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3346:Half-open file
3338:
3333:
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3306:
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3296:
3289:Chess notation
3286:
3280:
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3268:
3263:
3258:
3257:
3256:
3246:
3244:Pawn promotion
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3217:
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3202:
3197:
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3162:
3157:
3147:
3145:Women in chess
3142:
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3069:
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3067:
3062:
3057:
3055:Hypermodernism
3052:
3050:Romantic chess
3047:
3045:Lewis chessmen
3042:
3037:
3030:
3017:
3015:
3009:
3008:
3006:
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2883:world rankings
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2812:Computer chess
2809:
2808:
2807:
2797:
2791:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2775:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2740:
2733:
2732:External links
2730:
2729:
2728:
2723:978-0713484663
2722:
2706:
2700:
2694:. MarekMedia.
2687:
2681:
2661:
2656:978-1857443875
2655:
2639:
2634:978-1857446326
2633:
2620:
2603:
2597:
2584:
2579:978-1889323206
2578:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2555:
2549:
2533:, ed. (1997).
2527:
2515:, ed. (1981).
2509:
2503:
2487:
2481:
2458:
2457:
2441:
2425:
2413:
2401:
2385:
2369:
2353:
2337:
2325:Chessgames.com
2311:
2299:Chessgames.com
2285:
2273:Chessgames.com
2259:
2245:
2236:
2217:
2195:
2189:Chessgames.com
2175:
2164:
2155:
2146:
2138:Harry Golombek
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2110:
2107:
2092:queen's knight
2073:
2070:
2060:
2057:
2031:
2028:
2013:
2010:
1997:Frank Marshall
1959:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1914:
1910:
1909:
1906:
1902:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1885:
1882:
1878:
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1874:
1870:
1869:
1866:
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1844:
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1830:
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1809:
1802:
1795:
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1774:
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1760:
1753:
1746:
1739:
1732:
1725:
1718:
1711:
1704:
1697:
1690:
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1627:
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1621:
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1615:
1612:
1609:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1575:
1574:
1566:
1565:
1549:Italian Gambit
1537:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1436:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1408:
1401:
1394:
1387:
1380:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1247:
1240:
1233:
1226:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1167:
1164:
1151:
1148:
1120:Main article:
1117:
1114:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1005:
998:
991:
984:
977:
970:
963:
956:
949:
942:
935:
928:
921:
914:
907:
900:
893:
886:
879:
872:
865:
858:
851:
844:
837:
830:
823:
816:
809:
802:
796:
794:
790:
789:
787:
784:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
758:
757:
755:
752:
751:
750:
747:
744:
741:
740:
739:
733:
727:
724:
717:
714:
695:
692:
673:Latvian Gambit
597:
556:
553:
544:
543:
530:Garry Kasparov
507:correspondence
498:, in his 1750
496:Ercole del Rio
493:
492:
486:
477:
460:Scotch Opening
450:
449:
448:Scotch Opening
446:
442:
441:
436:
432:
431:
426:
422:
421:
418:
414:
413:
410:
402:
401:
398:
394:
393:
388:
387:
385:
382:
379:
376:
373:
370:
367:
364:
361:
358:
357:
354:
350:
349:
346:
342:
341:
338:
334:
333:
330:
326:
325:
322:
318:
317:
314:
310:
309:
306:
302:
301:
298:
290:
283:
276:
269:
262:
255:
248:
241:
234:
227:
220:
213:
206:
199:
192:
185:
178:
171:
164:
157:
150:
143:
136:
129:
122:
115:
108:
101:
94:
87:
80:
73:
67:
65:
61:
60:
58:
55:
52:
49:
46:
43:
40:
37:
34:
29:
28:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4571:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4554:1824 in chess
4552:
4550:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4513:
4510:
4504:
4503:Solving chess
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4493:Chess prodigy
4491:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4476:Chess problem
4474:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4420:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4397:
4396:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4384:opening books
4382:
4381:
4380:
4377:
4373:
4372:short stories
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4325:Art and media
4323:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4205:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4194:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4137:triangulation
4135:
4133:
4132:Tarrasch rule
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4104:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4092:Queen vs rook
4090:
4088:
4087:Queen vs pawn
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4059:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4012:
4009:
4008:
4007:
4004:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3955:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3943:London System
3941:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3901:Modern Benoni
3899:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3881:Dutch Defence
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3866:
3864:
3860:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3829:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3816:
3813:
3812:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3758:King's Gambit
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3740:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3702:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3673:Grob's Attack
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3663:Dunst Opening
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3653:Benko Opening
3651:
3650:
3648:
3646:
3645:Flank opening
3642:
3639:
3637:
3633:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3573:
3570:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3544:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3416:
3412:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3400:Transposition
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3150:Chess museums
3148:
3146:
3143:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3118:Notable games
3116:
3112:
3109:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3096:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3070:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3035:
3031:
3029:
3028:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3014:
3010:
3003:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2948:
2945:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2914:
2908:
2907:World records
2905:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2893:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2878:Rating system
2876:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2773:
2768:
2766:
2761:
2759:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2725:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2701:9798223615316
2697:
2693:
2688:
2684:
2682:0-7134-8607-4
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2630:
2626:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2604:
2600:
2594:
2590:
2585:
2581:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2562:
2552:
2550:86-7297-035-7
2546:
2542:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2519:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2504:0-7134-8940-5
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2482:0-8050-2940-0
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2454:
2453:ChessCafe.com
2450:
2449:Danish Pastry
2445:
2438:
2437:ChessCafe.com
2434:
2429:
2422:
2417:
2410:
2405:
2398:
2397:ChessCafe.com
2394:
2389:
2382:
2381:ChessCafe.com
2378:
2377:State of Play
2373:
2366:
2365:ChessCafe.com
2362:
2357:
2350:
2349:Chesscafe.com
2346:
2341:
2327:
2326:
2321:
2315:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2289:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2263:
2255:
2249:
2240:
2233:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2218:0-7134-2972-0
2214:
2210:
2209:B.T. Batsford
2206:
2199:
2191:
2190:
2185:
2179:
2173:
2168:
2159:
2150:
2143:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2106:
2103:
2094:
2086:
2084:
2079:
2069:
2065:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1971:Danish Gambit
1968:
1967:Göring Gambit
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1597:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1545:Scotch Gambit
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1185:
1175:
1172:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1127:
1123:
1113:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1014:
792:
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
762:
761:
748:
745:
742:
738:
734:
732:
728:
725:
722:
718:
715:
712:
711:
709:
708:
707:
700:
691:
688:
681:
676:
674:
670:
665:
663:
658:
653:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
626:
619:
615:
614:
608:
606:king's bishop
601:
595:
593:
589:
585:
581:
578:3...Nxd4 the
576:
574:
570:
569:transposition
565:
548:
541:
539:
535:
531:
528:
523:
516:
512:
508:
504:
501:
497:
491:
487:
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464:chess opening
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38:
35:
33:
32:
26:
19:Chess opening
16:Chess opening
4449:Chess engine
4434:Chess boxing
4394:
4164:Wrong bishop
4011:theory table
3985:Torre Attack
3968:Slav Defence
3876:Colle System
3851:Scheveningen
3810:Pirc Defence
3787:
3753:Italian Game
3748:Giuoco Piano
3693:Réti Opening
3616:Piece values
3604:Maróczy Bind
3565:the exchange
3555:Compensation
3485:Interference
3475:Double check
3249:Time control
3236:
3210:by agreement
3138:grandmasters
3082:South Africa
3032:
3025:
3001:Score sheets
2947:Chess pieces
2854:Online chess
2800:Chess titles
2795:Chess theory
2716:. Sterling.
2713:
2710:Wells, Peter
2691:
2668:
2646:
2624:
2611:
2608:Harding, Tim
2588:
2569:
2534:
2516:
2497:. Batsford.
2494:
2472:
2462:Bibliography
2461:
2460:
2444:
2428:
2416:
2404:
2388:
2372:
2356:
2340:
2329:. Retrieved
2323:
2314:
2303:. Retrieved
2297:
2288:
2277:. Retrieved
2271:
2262:
2248:
2239:
2230:
2204:
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2178:
2167:
2158:
2149:
2141:
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2087:
2075:
2066:
2062:
2052:
2039:
2033:
2015:
1975:
1966:
1964:
1595:
1561:Giuoco Piano
1544:
1542:
1169:
1155:
1153:
1145:
1142:
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1128:
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705:
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583:
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558:
527:grandmasters
502:
494:
459:
455:
453:
405:
4379:Chess books
4179:Tournaments
4033:Fool's mate
3798:Vienna Game
3788:Scotch Game
3621:Prophylaxis
3537:Zwischenzug
3522:Undermining
3490:Overloading
3450:Combination
3299:descriptive
2994:Chess table
2989:Chess clock
2805:Grandmaster
2665:Gutman, Lev
2566:Alburt, Lev
2049:John Watson
2044:Tim Harding
686:development
456:Scotch Game
425:Named after
23:Scotch Game
4543:Categories
4486:joke chess
4439:Chess club
4127:opposition
3584:Middlegame
3572:Initiative
3495:Pawn storm
3460:Deflection
3331:Key square
3321:Fianchetto
3254:Fast chess
3238:En passant
2930:chessboard
2643:Emms, John
2612:The Scotch
2491:Lane, Gary
2469:Lane, Gary
2331:2010-09-09
2305:2011-04-15
2279:2011-04-15
2207:. London:
2126:References
1171:Steinitz's
630:I. Sokolov
590:) White's
534:Jan Timman
445:Synonym(s)
4469:Stockfish
4459:Deep Blue
4454:AlphaZero
4362:paintings
4154:Tablebase
4118:Strategy
4023:Irregular
3778:Ruy Lopez
3738:Open Game
3505:Sacrifice
3465:Desperado
3368:connected
3341:Open file
3336:King walk
3294:algebraic
3225:Stalemate
3200:Checkmate
2925:Chess set
2917:Equipment
2227:938559559
2101:queenside
2078:John Emms
1134:Gary Lane
662:Chess.com
624:equalises
538:Ruy Lopez
511:Edinburgh
4528:Category
4481:glossary
4142:Zugzwang
4122:fortress
4054:Endgames
3963:Declined
3958:Accepted
3636:Openings
3594:Hedgehog
3560:Exchange
3547:Strategy
3527:Windmill
3378:isolated
3363:backward
3185:Castling
3128:amateurs
3021:Timeline
2895:Variants
2849:Glossary
2832:software
2817:glossary
2712:(1998).
2673:Batsford
2667:(2001).
2645:(2005).
2610:(1977).
2568:(2007).
2493:(2005).
2471:(1993).
2109:See also
735:4...Bb4+
729:4...Nxd4
555:Analysis
521:equalise
500:treatise
429:Scotland
4429:Arbiter
4422:Related
4279:Solving
4269:Amateur
3846:Najdorf
3428:Battery
3415:Tactics
3390:Swindle
3373:doubled
3353:Outpost
3284:Blunder
3099:Armenia
3013:History
2859:Premove
2827:engines
2822:matches
2787:Outline
2345:Gambits
2232:attack.
726:4...Qf6
719:4...Qh4
462:, is a
412:C44–C45
4367:poetry
4357:novels
4332:Caïssa
4264:Senior
4254:Junior
3837:Dragon
3832:Alapin
3517:Skewer
3383:passed
3326:Gambit
3133:female
3094:Europe
3077:Africa
2972:Knight
2967:Bishop
2720:
2698:
2679:
2653:
2631:
2595:
2576:
2547:
2501:
2479:
2225:
2215:
2023:castle
2012:4...d5
1999:, and
1589:Mobile
1585:Morphy
680:gambit
667:3...f5
655:3...d6
563:centre
515:London
435:Parent
417:Origin
4314:WCSCC
4259:Youth
4249:Blitz
4244:Rapid
4234:Women
4197:Women
4149:Study
3999:Other
3532:X-ray
3455:Decoy
3440:Block
3395:Tempo
3358:Pawns
3276:Terms
3195:Check
3177:Rules
3111:India
3104:Spain
3089:China
2982:Fairy
2957:Queen
2888:norms
2779:Chess
650:Parma
592:queen
458:, or
397:Moves
4352:film
4309:WCCC
4304:TCEC
4294:CSVN
4239:Team
4209:List
3480:Fork
3405:Trap
3205:Draw
2977:Pawn
2962:Rook
2952:King
2900:List
2869:list
2844:FIDE
2718:ISBN
2696:ISBN
2677:ISBN
2651:ISBN
2629:ISBN
2593:ISBN
2574:ISBN
2545:ISBN
2499:ISBN
2477:ISBN
2223:OCLC
2213:ISBN
1965:The
1581:Meek
640:." (
532:and
513:and
454:The
420:1750
4289:CCC
3500:Pin
3304:PGN
1136:in
646:ECO
642:Id.
618:ECO
596:not
540:.
488:3.
484:Nc6
481:Nf3
479:2.
470:1.
407:ECO
4545::
2675:.
2671:.
2614:.
2543:.
2451:.
2435:.
2395:.
2379:.
2363:.
2347:.
2322:.
2296:.
2270:.
2229:.
2221:.
2186:.
2140:,
2085:.
2055:.
1995:,
1991:,
1587:,
1131:IM
737:?!
731:?!
721:!?
690:.
675:.
669:?!
490:d4
475:e5
472:e4
3839:/
2771:e
2764:t
2757:v
2726:.
2704:.
2685:.
2659:.
2637:.
2618:.
2601:.
2582:.
2553:.
2525:.
2507:.
2485:.
2334:.
2308:.
2282:.
2256:.
2192:.
1952:h
1949:g
1946:f
1943:e
1940:d
1937:c
1934:b
1931:a
1924:1
1921:1
1916:2
1913:2
1908:3
1905:3
1900:4
1897:4
1892:5
1889:5
1884:6
1881:6
1876:7
1873:7
1868:8
1639:8
1632:h
1629:g
1626:f
1623:e
1620:d
1617:c
1614:b
1611:a
1583:–
1530:h
1527:g
1524:f
1521:e
1518:d
1515:c
1512:b
1509:a
1502:1
1499:1
1494:2
1491:2
1486:3
1483:3
1478:4
1475:4
1470:5
1467:5
1462:6
1459:6
1454:7
1451:7
1446:8
1217:8
1210:h
1207:g
1204:f
1201:e
1198:d
1195:c
1192:b
1189:a
1099:h
1096:g
1093:f
1090:e
1087:d
1084:c
1081:b
1078:a
1071:1
1068:1
1063:2
1060:2
1055:3
1052:3
1047:4
1044:4
1039:5
1036:5
1031:6
1028:6
1023:7
1020:7
1015:8
793:8
786:h
783:g
780:f
777:e
774:d
771:c
768:b
765:a
657:?
616:(
600:?
384:h
381:g
378:f
375:e
372:d
369:c
366:b
363:a
356:1
353:1
348:2
345:2
340:3
337:3
332:4
329:4
324:5
321:5
316:6
313:6
308:7
305:7
300:8
64:8
57:h
54:g
51:f
48:e
45:d
42:c
39:b
36:a
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