604:
686:
129:
932:
195:
905:
282:
886:
528:
920:
234:
218:
266:
250:
145:
140:
135:
501:
832:
202:
875:. This corresponds to the last phase of Gupta cultural and political unity in the subcontinent, and after that point and for the next centuries, Indian politics became extremely fragmented, with the territory being divided between smaller dynasties. The art of Sondani is considered as transitional between Gupta art and the art of
855:, are made of sandstone. The height of the entire column is 44 ft 5 in. Its square base is 4 ft 5 in high and 3 ft 4 in wide. The bell-shaped capital is 5 ft 2 in high. Its shaft is sixteen faced round. Most probably there was a crowning statue, which has not been found. The sculptures at
471:. He considers several possibilities, for example (1) "Drapa" was a non-Sanskrit name and the king's successors added "vardhana" to the name (2) the actual name was "Darpa-vardhana" (Sanskrit for "increaser of pride"), but the composer of the inscription changed it to "Drapa-vardhana" to fit the metre.
462:
considers both readings as reasonable, but prefers
Mirashi's reading because the term "Drapa-vardhana" is meaningless in Sanskrit. Dániel Balogh considers the reading to b "Drapa" based on a comparison of the various occurrences of the ligatures "pa" and "ma" and found "not the slightest indication"
594:
family was
Punyasoma. He was succeeded by his son Rajyavardhana. Rashtravardhana was the son of Rajyavardhana. Rashtravardhana's son and successor was Yashogupta. The last ruler of this family, Gauri was son of Yashogupta. He excavated a tank at Dashapura for the merit of his deceased mother. This
491:
sacrifices. Ajitavardhana was succeeded by his son
Vibhishanavardhana. He was praised in the Risthal inscription for his noble qualities. Vibhishanavardhana's son and successor Rajyavardhana expanded his ancestral kingdom. Rajyavardhana was succeeded by his son Prakashadharma.
744:
was a text on astrology by Dravya-vardhana; the king had written this text after consulting another work by
Bharadvaja. According to Shastri, Varahamihira holds Dravya-vardhana in high regard, mentioning his work before other reputed authorities (such as the Seven Sages and
585:
Gauri. Adityavardhana has been recently identified with
Prakashadharma by a historian Ashvini Agarwal. The Chhoti Sadri inscription dated Malava Samvat 547 (490 CE) and written by Bhramarasoma, son of Mitrasoma supplies a genealogy of Adityavardhana's feudatory ruler,
1922:"The reign of Yasodharman thus forms an important dividing point between the period of the imperial Guptas, whom he emulated, and the following centuries, when India fell into a kaleidoscopic confusion of shifting smaller dynasties" in
625:
victory pillar inscriptions (found at
Sondani, near present-day Mandsaur town) and a stone inscription dated Malava Samvat 589 (532 CE) record the military achievements of him. All of these inscriptions were first published by
812:
by the contemporary Gupta emperor. Balogh suggests that Dravya-vardhana was probably same as Drapa-vardhana: "Dravya" may be a variant arising from a mistake in a medieval manuscript, which is the source of later manuscripts.
846:
The most significant monuments which definitely belong to the
Aulikara period are two freestanding victory pillars of Yashodharma Vishnuvardhana bearing his inscriptions. These almost identical pillars, situated at
486:
Drapa-vardhana was succeeded by his son
Jayavardhana, who commanded a formidable army. He was succeeded by his son Ajitavardhana. According to the Risthal inscription, he was constantly engaged in performing
1071:. The connection between Prakasha-dharman and Yashodharman is evident from the fact that Vasula, son of Kakka, composed the text of Prakasha-dharman's Risthal inscription as well as that of Yashodharman's
879:: it represents "an aesthetic which hovered between the classical decorum of Gupta art on the one hand and on the other the medieval canons which subordinated the figure to the larger religious purpose".
467:(vowel symbol), while also agreeing that the meaning of the name "Drapa-vardhana" is not clear, but also points out that the name "Druma-vardhana" (Sanskrit for "tree grower") does not suit a
738:
theorizes that
Dravyavardhana was a distinct king who flourished sometime after Yashodharman alias Vishnuvardhana. Varahamihira states that one of the sources for his
1076:
719:
Yashodharman thus conquered vast territories from the Hunas and the Guptas, although his short-lived empire would ultimately disintegrate between 530 and 540 CE.
375:, defeating the Huna Chief Mihirakula around 528 A.D., thus establishing the short-lived Aulikara empire. Yashodharman's capitol was almost certainly
630:
in 1886. The undated pillar inscriptions, which were also written by poet Vasula, son of Kakka say that his feet were worshipped by the Huna ruler
554:, sacked his camp and had taken away the ladies of his harem. The tank constructed at Risthal during his reign was named after his grandfather as
1075:. The stanzas of the inscriptions mentioning this fact are identical. Yashodharman ruled a few years after Prakasha-dharman, as attested by his
1114:
The alternative name "Vishnu-vardhana" is absent in
Yashodharman's own inscriptions. It is known only from an inscription of the family of his
753:
only for him. According to Shastri, this suggests that Dravyavardhana was a contemporary of, and possibly, the royal patron of Varahamihira.
1579:
1552:
379:, probably established by Yashodharman though initially thought to have been Ujjayinī, which has since been disproven. Kingdoms such as the
1072:
885:
697:
689:
295:
700:, Yashodharman is said to have vanquished his enemies and to now control the territory from the neighbourhood of the (river) Lauhitya (
1495:
1153:
194:
1638:
1589:
1562:
1535:
1505:
1331:
1241:
1088:
K.V. Ramesh and S.P. Tiwari read the name as Ajita-vardhana. V.V. Mirashi reads it as Jita-vardhana. A.M. Shastri considers
931:
621:
The most prominent and greatest king of this dynasty was Yashodharma Vishnuvardhana. Yashodharma's two identical undated
290:
1368:
2058:
1857:
1782:
1761:
1321:
1163:
20:
970:
Drapa-vardhana; alternatively read as Druma-vardhana, and identified by some with king Dravya-vardhana mentioned by
1525:
581:
An undated fragmentary Mandsaur inscription provides a name of a suzerain ruler Adityavardhana and his feudatory
1231:
734:
Most scholars consider Dravyavardhana to be the immediate successor or predecessor of Yashodharman. Historian
359:
Aulikara rulers such as Adityavardhana and Dravyavardhana expanded their kingdom and one of their successors
1869:
451:
904:
1348:
152:
47:
919:
1654:
1611:
839:
603:
595:
inscription also mentions the name of a prince, Gobhata but his relationship with Gauri is not known.
2083:
2078:
442:
The earliest known member of the second Aulikara dynasty is Drumavardhana (c. 5th century), whom the
101:
97:
1260:
Salomon, Richard (1989). "New Inscriptional Evidence For The History Of The Aulikaras of Mandasor".
1178:
Salomon, Richard (1989). "New Inscriptional Evidence For The History Of The Aulikaras of Mandasor".
685:
404:
128:
740:
1043:
658:(Western Ocean) in the west came to the seat of his empire to pay homage. he assumed the titles,
682:) and his headquarters was Dashapura. Probably the rule of the Aulikaras ended with Yashodharma
455:
1628:
1443:
1068:
531:
521:
443:
1426:
1349:"YASHODHARMAN ~ यशोधर्मा,King of Malwa kept Malichha(Non Hindus), on defensive for 600 years"
713:
311:
224:
1425:
Tribal Culture, Faith, History And Literature, Narayan Singh Rao, Mittal Publications, 2006
756:
Shastri's main argument is that according to the Risthal inscription, Drapa-vardhana was a
731:
mentions Dravyavardhana as the king of Avanti, who likely belonged to the Aulikara family.
627:
1740:, Bhopal: Directorate of Archaeology & Museums, Government of Madhya Pradesh, pp,278-9
8:
1048:
789:
411:
380:
319:
208:
546:(viceroy) of Prakashadharma. This inscription mentions that Prakashadharma defeated the
2025:
1990:
1948:
1905:
1476:
1308:
1285:
1203:
735:
459:
298:, Yashodharman claims he controlled the territory from the neighbourhood of Lauhitya (
1407:
1390:
776:, which he considers to be unimportant as it doesn't fit the metre; three others have
578:
were found. In all probabilities he was succeeded by his son Yashodharma Vishnuvarma.
2054:
2035:
1982:
1940:
1897:
1853:
1778:
1757:
1634:
1585:
1558:
1531:
1501:
1468:
1327:
1277:
1237:
1195:
1159:
1038:
896:
772:
or ruler "connected to the emperor") for the king and that only one manuscript reads
701:
608:
563:
372:
299:
272:
1269:
1187:
863:
are a good marker for the final period of Gupta Art, as they were commissionned by
384:
780:; through this he concludes indicates that the actual title of Drapa-vardhana was
2048:
2029:
1967:
1925:
1882:
1105:, which V.V. Mirashi incorrectly believed to be the first ruler of the dynasty.
1273:
1191:
876:
801:
571:
344:
160:
867:(ruled 515 – 545 CE) around 525 CE, in celebration of his victory against the
527:
2072:
1986:
1944:
1901:
1472:
1281:
1199:
941:
647:
122:
2039:
1409:
Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Vol.3 (inscriptions Of The Early Gupta Kings)
1028:
971:
746:
728:
705:
666:. Yashodharma's dated inscription informs us that in 532 CE, Nirdosha, his
616:
488:
396:
360:
336:
303:
256:
156:
75:
851:, a suburb about 2 kilometers to the southeast of the Aulikara capital of
516:
Prakashadharma was a notable king of this dynasty, who assumed the title,
864:
639:
609:
defeat of the Alchon Huns under Mihirakula by King Yashodharma at Sondani
547:
509:
478:, and apparently continued to use the title even after he became a king.
82:
1994:
1952:
1909:
1480:
1456:
1289:
1207:
911:
872:
868:
835:
634:. These also state that his feudatories from the vicinity of the river
631:
144:
1023:
955:
826:
709:
651:
591:
562:
at Dashapura. During the excavation at Mandsaur in 1978 by a team of
415:
376:
307:
240:
180:
134:
139:
1067:
The predecessors of Prakasha-dharman are known from his 515-516 CE
860:
852:
809:
679:
671:
622:
551:
427:
328:
168:
87:
37:
963:
The following Aulikara rulers are known from epigraphic evidence:
760:(warlord), while according to Varahamihira, Dravya-vardhana was a
399:'s death. Nothing is known about the dynasty after his death, and
892:
856:
848:
822:
764:(emperor). Balogh notes that Varahamihira actually uses the term
505:
500:
1815:
1832:
1830:
567:
559:
474:
Drapa-vardhana probably served the first Aulikara dynasty as a
368:
348:
164:
831:
1803:
1793:
1791:
1716:
1714:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1033:
937:
539:
431:
400:
364:
332:
315:
1827:
1699:
1442:
Foreign Influence on Ancient India by Krishna Chandra Sagar
410:
After the collapse of Aulikara power in Northern India, the
2001:
1788:
1711:
1680:
1663:
1392:
Inscriptions Of The Early Gupta Kings And Their Successors
508:, commemorating the victory of the Aulikaras against the
183:, and was the second royal house belonging to this clan.
1850:
The Aulikaras of Central India: History and Inscriptions
1775:
The Aulikaras of Central India: History and Inscriptions
1754:
The Aulikaras of Central India: History and Inscriptions
19:"Aulikara dynasty" redirects here. For other uses, see
800:
to mean "born in the dynasty of the (or an) emperor".
454:
and S.P. Tiwari read the name as Drapavardhana, while
1457:"The Date and Identity of Yasodharman-Visnuvardhana"
1101:
The Risthal inscription also calls Prakasha-dharman
159:
controlled a vast area, consisting of almost all of
1870:
Coin Cabinet of the Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna
2050:Inscriptions of the Aulikaras and Their Associates
1527:Inscriptions of the Aulikaras and Their Associates
792:, the author of the earliest extant commentary on
690:Mandasor stone pillar inscription of Yashodharman
249:
16:4th to 6th century dynasty in Indian subcontinent
2070:
574:, his two glass seals inscribed with the legend
179:The dynasty belonged to the ancient clan of the
1151:
281:
1236:. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 250–9.
481:
167:plateau. It was the second royal house of the
2046:
1836:
1821:
1705:
524:gives us information about his achievements.
2024:
2007:
1809:
1797:
1720:
1693:
1674:
558:. He also constructed a temple dedicated to
538:It records the construction of a tank and a
339:Vishnuvardhana controlled a vast area (the
1734:Aulikara Vamsha ke Itihas par Naya Prakash
1461:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
590:Gauri. The first ruler of this Manavayani
430:royal house, this royal house was never a
151:) was a royal dynasty that ruled over the
1581:The Sculpture of Early Medieval Rajasthan
1554:The Alkhan: A Hunnic People in South Asia
1497:The Sculpture of Early Medieval Rajasthan
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
265:
201:
1965:
1923:
1880:
1748:
1746:
1726:
1577:
1493:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1320:Jain, Kailash Chand (31 December 1972).
830:
684:
602:
526:
499:
1609:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1454:
1421:
1419:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1259:
1177:
816:
418:began fighting for imperial supremacy.
395:Most of the empire disintegrated after
2071:
1550:
1530:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
1523:
1255:
1253:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1158:, Motilal Banarsidass, p. 250-6,
1132:
542:temple at Risthal by Bhagavaddosha, a
1852:, Chandigarh: Arun Publishing House,
1842:
1777:, Chandigarh: Arun Publishing House,
1767:
1756:, Chandigarh: Arun Publishing House,
1743:
1626:
1519:
1517:
1431:
1405:
1388:
1307:Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Vol 3
458:reads it as Drumavardhana. Historian
1598:
1416:
1319:
1296:
1229:
1155:Rise and Fall of the Imperial Guptas
363:conquered vast territories from the
1369:"Studies in Ancient Indian History"
1250:
1214:
1010:
975:
891:A victory pillar of Yashodharma at
670:was governing the area between the
13:
1659:. Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan. 1978.
1630:Foreign Influence on Ancient India
1578:Atherton, Cynthia Packert (1997).
1514:
1494:Atherton, Cynthia Packert (1997).
1487:
1448:
1079:, and was probably his successor.
704:) to the "Western Ocean" (Western
302:) to the "Western Ocean" (Western
163:(excluding the east) and parts of
14:
2095:
1346:
1002:Yashodharman alias Vishnuvardhana
999:Prakasha-dharman (fl. 515-516 CE)
948:
722:
495:
331:dynasty initially controlled the
314:. He also claims he defeated the
233:
65:
21:Aulikara dynasty (disambiguation)
930:
918:
903:
884:
437:
354:
280:
264:
248:
232:
217:
216:
200:
193:
143:
138:
133:
127:
2017:
1959:
1916:
1874:
1863:
1647:
1627:Sagar, Krishna Chandra (1992).
1620:
1571:
1544:
1399:
1108:
1095:
1082:
1061:
598:
343:), consisting of almost all of
335:plateau, but at its peak under
1551:Bakker, Hans T. (2020-03-31).
1389:Fleet, John Faithfull (1960).
1382:
1361:
1340:
1313:
1171:
1092:as more likely to be correct.
1:
1736:(in Hindi) in M.D. Khare ed.
1524:Balogh, Dániel (2019-10-28).
1406:Fleet, John Faithful (1981).
1125:
1610:Shastri, Ajay Mitra (1991).
1326:. Motilal Banarsidass Publ.
1230:Jain, Kailash Chand (1972).
958:of the Aulikara inscriptions
186:
7:
1968:"The Sculpture of Mandasor"
1926:"The Sculpture of Mandasor"
1883:"The Sculpture of Mandasor"
1455:Dwivedi, Gautam N. (1966).
1073:undated Mandsor inscription
1017:
808:as a governor installed at
749:), and using the honorific
727:The 6th century astronomer
698:Mandsaur pillar inscription
482:Drapa-vardhana's successors
296:Mandsaur pillar inscription
157:Yashodharman Vishnuvardhana
10:
2100:
2031:Varāhamihira and His Times
1656:Early History of Rajasthan
1613:Varāhamihira and His Times
1274:10.1163/000000089790082971
1192:10.1163/000000089790082971
1077:532 CE Mandsor inscription
840:National Museum, New Delhi
820:
784:, which is much closer to
650:) in the south, up to the
614:
421:
390:
347:and northern parts of the
174:
18:
1966:Williams, Joanna (1972).
1924:Williams, Joanna (1972).
1881:Williams, Joanna (1972).
1616:. Kusumanjali Book World.
859:and surrounding areas of
838:, Sondani, circa 525 CE.
107:
93:
81:
71:
61:
53:
43:
33:
28:
1633:. Northern Book Centre.
1152:Ashvini Agarwal (1989),
1054:
766:nrpo maharajadhiraja-kah
642:) in the east, from the
405:Kalachuris of Mahishmati
279:
263:
247:
231:
215:
199:
155:, and at its peak under
1044:List of rulers of Malwa
804:interprets the term to
119:Second Aulikara dynasty
29:Second Aulikara dynasty
2047:Dániel Balogh (2019).
1738:Malwa through the Ages
1732:Wakankar, V.S. (1981)
1323:Malwa Through The Ages
1233:Malwa Through the Ages
1024:First Aulikara dynasty
925:Sondhni pillar capital
843:
796:, interprets the term
693:
612:
535:
513:
504:The victory pillar of
1975:Archives of Asian Art
1933:Archives of Asian Art
1890:Archives of Asian Art
834:
688:
654:in the north and the
606:
530:
503:
403:was conquered by the
1262:Indo-Iranian Journal
1180:Indo-Iranian Journal
817:Art and architecture
628:John Faithfull Fleet
387:were their vassals.
291:class=notpageimage|
102:Rajadhiraja of Malwa
1848:Ojha, N.K. (2001).
1824:, pp. 141–142.
1773:Ojha, N.K. (2001).
1752:Ojha, N.K. (2001).
1376:sahitya.marathi.gov
1069:Rīsthal inscription
993:Vibhishana-vardhana
806:maharajadhiraja-kah
798:maharajadhiraja-kah
576:Shri Prakashadharma
532:Rīsthal inscription
522:Rīsthal inscription
444:Rīsthal inscription
1837:Dániel Balogh 2019
1822:Dániel Balogh 2019
1706:Dániel Balogh 2019
844:
778:maharajdhiraja-jah
736:Ajay Mitra Shastri
694:
613:
536:
514:
460:Ajay Mitra Shastri
2008:A.M. Shastri 1991
1810:A.M. Shastri 1991
1798:A.M. Shastri 1991
1721:A.M. Shastri 1991
1694:A.M. Shastri 1991
1675:A.M. Shastri 1991
1640:978-81-7211-028-4
1591:978-90-04-10789-2
1564:978-94-93194-06-9
1537:978-3-11-064978-9
1507:978-90-04-10789-2
1333:978-81-208-0824-9
1243:978-81-208-0824-9
1039:Battle of Sondani
1009:Dravya-vardhana (
897:Mandsaur district
702:Brahmaputra River
696:In Line 5 of the
564:Vikram University
534:of Prakashadharma
426:Unlike the first
373:Battle of Sondani
300:Brahmaputra River
273:Brahmaputra River
209:Battle of Sondani
115:
114:
98:Adhiraja of Malwa
38:House of Aulikara
2091:
2084:Aulikara dynasty
2079:History of Malwa
2064:
2043:
2011:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1972:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1930:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1887:
1878:
1872:
1867:
1861:
1846:
1840:
1834:
1825:
1819:
1813:
1812:, p. 44-45.
1807:
1801:
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1355:
1347:Singh, Pradeep.
1344:
1338:
1337:
1317:
1311:
1305:
1294:
1293:
1257:
1248:
1247:
1227:
1212:
1211:
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1169:
1168:
1149:
1119:
1112:
1106:
1103:Bhagvat-prakasha
1099:
1093:
1086:
1080:
1065:
934:
922:
907:
888:
774:maharajadhirajah
708:), and from the
656:Paschima Payodhi
385:Maukhari dynasty
306:), and from the
284:
283:
268:
267:
252:
251:
236:
235:
220:
219:
204:
203:
197:
153:Kingdom of Malwa
147:
142:
137:
131:
48:Kingdom of Malwa
26:
25:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2069:
2068:
2067:
2061:
2034:. Kusumanjali.
2020:
2015:
2014:
2006:
2002:
1970:
1964:
1960:
1928:
1921:
1917:
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1879:
1875:
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1449:
1441:
1432:
1424:
1417:
1404:
1400:
1387:
1383:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1353:
1351:
1345:
1341:
1334:
1318:
1314:
1306:
1297:
1258:
1251:
1244:
1228:
1215:
1176:
1172:
1166:
1150:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1122:
1113:
1109:
1100:
1096:
1087:
1083:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1020:
1007:Maharajadhiraja
961:
960:
959:
951:
944:
935:
926:
923:
914:
908:
899:
889:
829:
819:
762:maharajadhiraja
725:
619:
601:
498:
484:
446:describes as a
440:
424:
393:
357:
341:Aulikara Empire
325:
324:
323:
293:
287:
286:
285:
277:
276:
275:
269:
261:
260:
259:
257:"Western Ocean"
253:
245:
244:
243:
237:
229:
228:
227:
221:
213:
212:
211:
205:
189:
177:
132:
100:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2097:
2087:
2086:
2081:
2066:
2065:
2059:
2053:. De Gruyter.
2044:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2000:
1958:
1915:
1873:
1862:
1841:
1839:, p. 143.
1826:
1814:
1802:
1787:
1766:
1742:
1725:
1710:
1708:, p. 141.
1698:
1679:
1662:
1646:
1639:
1619:
1597:
1590:
1570:
1563:
1543:
1536:
1513:
1506:
1486:
1447:
1430:
1415:
1398:
1381:
1360:
1339:
1332:
1312:
1295:
1249:
1242:
1213:
1170:
1164:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1107:
1094:
1090:Ajita-vardhana
1081:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1003:
1000:
997:
996:Rajya-vardhana
994:
991:
985:Ajita-vardhana
982:
979:
954:
953:
952:
950:
949:List of rulers
947:
946:
945:
938:Prakasheshvara
936:
929:
927:
924:
917:
915:
909:
902:
900:
890:
883:
877:Medieval India
818:
815:
724:
723:Dravyavardhana
721:
615:Main article:
600:
597:
556:Vibhishanasara
497:
496:Prakashadharma
494:
483:
480:
439:
436:
423:
420:
392:
389:
356:
353:
345:Northern India
289:
288:
278:
271:
270:
262:
255:
254:
246:
239:
238:
230:
223:
222:
214:
207:
206:
198:
192:
191:
190:
188:
185:
176:
173:
161:Northern India
126:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
95:
91:
90:
85:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
63:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
45:
41:
40:
35:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2096:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2062:
2060:9783110649789
2056:
2052:
2051:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2023:
2022:
2010:, p. 47.
2009:
2004:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1927:
1919:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1884:
1877:
1871:
1866:
1859:
1858:81-85212-78-3
1855:
1851:
1845:
1838:
1833:
1831:
1823:
1818:
1811:
1806:
1800:, p. 43.
1799:
1794:
1792:
1784:
1783:81-85212-78-3
1780:
1776:
1770:
1763:
1762:81-85212-78-3
1759:
1755:
1749:
1747:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1723:, p. 48.
1722:
1717:
1715:
1707:
1702:
1696:, p. 56.
1695:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1677:, p. 49.
1676:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1658:
1657:
1650:
1642:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1623:
1615:
1614:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1593:
1587:
1583:
1582:
1574:
1566:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1547:
1539:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1520:
1518:
1509:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1490:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1428:
1422:
1420:
1411:
1410:
1402:
1394:
1393:
1385:
1377:
1370:
1364:
1350:
1343:
1335:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1316:
1310:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1256:
1254:
1245:
1239:
1235:
1234:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1165:81-208-0592-5
1161:
1157:
1156:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1131:
1117:
1111:
1104:
1098:
1091:
1085:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1060:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
990:
989:Jita-vardhana
986:
983:
981:Jaya-vardhana
980:
977:
973:
969:
966:
965:
964:
957:
943:
942:Mandsaur Fort
939:
933:
928:
921:
916:
913:
910:Sondhni, two
906:
901:
898:
894:
887:
882:
881:
880:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
841:
837:
833:
828:
824:
814:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
794:Bṛhat Saṃhitā
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
754:
752:
748:
743:
742:
741:Bṛhat Saṃhitā
737:
732:
730:
720:
717:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
691:
687:
683:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
648:Eastern Ghats
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
624:
618:
610:
605:
596:
593:
589:
584:
579:
577:
573:
572:V.S. Wakankar
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
533:
529:
525:
523:
519:
511:
507:
502:
493:
490:
479:
477:
472:
470:
466:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
438:Drumavardhana
435:
433:
429:
419:
417:
413:
408:
406:
402:
398:
388:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
355:Establishment
352:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
292:
274:
258:
242:
226:
210:
196:
184:
182:
172:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
141:
136:
130:
124:
123:Brahmi script
120:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89:
86:
84:
80:
77:
74:
70:
67:
66:Drapavardhana
64:
60:
56:
52:
49:
46:
42:
39:
36:
34:Parent family
32:
27:
22:
2049:
2030:
2026:A.M. Shastri
2018:Bibliography
2003:
1978:
1974:
1961:
1936:
1932:
1918:
1893:
1889:
1876:
1865:
1849:
1844:
1817:
1805:
1774:
1769:
1753:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1701:
1655:
1649:
1629:
1622:
1612:
1580:
1573:
1557:. Barkhuis.
1553:
1546:
1526:
1496:
1489:
1464:
1460:
1450:
1408:
1401:
1391:
1384:
1375:
1363:
1352:. Retrieved
1342:
1322:
1315:
1265:
1261:
1232:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1154:
1116:Rajasthaniya
1115:
1110:
1102:
1097:
1089:
1084:
1063:
1029:Yashodharman
1006:
988:
984:
972:Varahamihira
967:
962:
845:
805:
797:
793:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
755:
750:
739:
733:
729:Varahamihira
726:
718:
712:to mountain
706:Indian Ocean
695:
675:
668:Rajasthaniya
667:
664:Parameshvara
663:
659:
655:
643:
635:
620:
617:Yashodharman
599:Yashodharman
587:
582:
580:
575:
555:
544:Rajasthaniya
543:
537:
517:
515:
485:
475:
473:
468:
464:
456:V.V. Mirashi
447:
441:
425:
412:Later Guptas
409:
397:Yashodharman
394:
381:Later Guptas
361:Yashodharman
358:
340:
337:Yashodharman
326:
310:to mountain
304:Indian Ocean
178:
148:
118:
116:
76:Yashodharman
1860:, pp.99-100
865:Yasodharman
802:Hans Bakker
788:in status.
660:Rajadhiraja
646:mountains (
640:Brahmaputra
510:Alchon Huns
452:K.V. Ramesh
450:(warlord).
434:feudatory.
327:The second
149:Au-li-ka-rā
108:Dissolution
72:Final ruler
2073:Categories
1785:, pp.19-20
1764:, pp.37-41
1354:2022-06-29
1126:References
1049:Shiladitya
956:Find spots
912:Dvarapalas
873:Mihirakula
869:Alchon Hun
836:Vidyadhara
821:See also:
632:Mihirakula
611:in 528 CE.
463:of an "u"
371:after the
1987:0066-6637
1945:0066-6637
1902:0066-6637
1584:. BRILL.
1500:. BRILL.
1473:2249-1937
1467:: 45–50.
1282:0019-7246
1268:(1): 11.
1200:0019-7246
1186:(1): 12.
1011:see above
1005:Possibly
976:see above
827:Gupta art
710:Himalayas
676:Pariyatra
652:Himalayas
592:kshatriya
570:, led by
416:Maukharis
377:Dashapura
351:plateau.
308:Himalayas
241:Himalayas
187:Territory
181:Aulikaras
2040:28644897
2028:(1991).
1995:20111042
1953:20111042
1910:20111042
1481:44140389
1290:24654606
1208:24654606
1018:See also
968:Senapati
861:Mandsaur
853:Mandsaur
810:Ujjayini
786:senapati
758:senapati
714:Mahendra
680:Aravalis
674:and the
672:Vindhyas
644:Mahendra
636:Lauhitya
623:Mandsaur
588:Maharaja
583:Maharaja
552:Toramana
518:Adhiraja
476:Senapati
469:Senapati
448:Senapati
428:Aulikara
329:Aulikara
312:Mahendra
225:Mahendra
169:Aulikara
88:Mandsaur
893:Sondani
857:Sondani
849:Sondani
823:Sondani
506:Sondani
422:History
391:Decline
320:Sondani
294:In the
175:Origins
62:Founder
54:Founded
44:Country
2057:
2038:
1993:
1985:
1981:: 64.
1951:
1943:
1939:: 52.
1908:
1900:
1896:: 63.
1856:
1781:
1760:
1637:
1588:
1561:
1534:
1504:
1479:
1471:
1330:
1288:
1280:
1240:
1206:
1198:
1162:
790:Utpala
568:Ujjain
560:Brahma
550:ruler
520:. The
369:Guptas
349:Deccan
171:clan.
165:Deccan
121:(Late
94:Titles
1991:JSTOR
1971:(PDF)
1949:JSTOR
1929:(PDF)
1906:JSTOR
1886:(PDF)
1477:JSTOR
1444:p.216
1372:(PDF)
1309:p.145
1286:JSTOR
1204:JSTOR
1055:Notes
1034:Malwa
871:king
747:Garga
540:Shiva
465:matra
432:Gupta
401:Malwa
365:Hunas
333:Malwa
316:Hunas
2055:ISBN
2036:OCLC
1983:ISSN
1941:ISSN
1898:ISSN
1854:ISBN
1779:ISBN
1758:ISBN
1635:ISBN
1586:ISBN
1559:ISBN
1532:ISBN
1502:ISBN
1469:ISSN
1427:p.18
1328:ISBN
1278:ISSN
1238:ISBN
1196:ISSN
1160:ISBN
825:and
782:nrpa
770:nrpa
751:Shri
662:and
607:The
548:Huna
489:Soma
414:and
383:and
367:and
117:The
83:Seat
1270:doi
1188:doi
987:or
940:in
678:s (
318:at
111:545
57:350
2075::
1989:.
1979:26
1977:.
1973:.
1947:.
1937:26
1935:.
1931:.
1904:.
1894:26
1892:.
1888:.
1829:^
1790:^
1745:^
1713:^
1682:^
1665:^
1600:^
1516:^
1475:.
1465:28
1463:.
1459:.
1433:^
1418:^
1374:.
1298:^
1284:.
1276:.
1266:32
1264:.
1252:^
1216:^
1202:.
1194:.
1184:32
1182:.
1134:^
895:,
716:.
566:,
407:.
125::
2063:.
2042:.
1997:.
1955:.
1912:.
1643:.
1594:.
1567:.
1540:.
1510:.
1483:.
1412:.
1395:.
1378:.
1357:.
1336:.
1292:.
1272::
1246:.
1210:.
1190::
1118:.
1013:)
978:)
974:(
842:.
768:(
692:.
638:(
512:.
322:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
