Semaglutide - Knowledge

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InChI=1S/C187H291N45O59/c1-18-105(10)154(180(282)208-108(13)159(261)216-133(86-114-89-200-119-50-40-39-49-117(114)119)170(272)218-129(82-102(4)5)171(273)228-152(103(6)7)178(280)215-121(53-44-72-199-186(192)193)162(264)201-91-141(242)209-120(52-43-71-198-185(190)191)161(263)204-94-151(257)258)230-172(274)131(83-111-45-33-31-34-46-111)219-167(269)126(64-69-149(253)254)214-166(268)122(51-41-42-70-195-144(245)98-290-79-78-289-76-74-197-145(246)99-291-80-77-288-75-73-196-139(240)66-61-127(183(285)286)211-140(241)54-37-29-27-25-23-21-19-20-22-24-26-28-30-38-55-146(247)248)212-158(260)107(12)206-157(259)106(11)207-165(267)125(60-65-138(189)239)210-142(243)92-202-163(265)123(62-67-147(249)250)213-168(270)128(81-101(2)3)217-169(271)130(85-113-56-58-116(238)59-57-113)220-175(277)135(95-233)223-177(279)137(97-235)224-179(281)153(104(8)9)229-174(276)134(88-150(255)256)221-176(278)136(96-234)225-182(284)156(110(15)237)231-173(275)132(84-112-47-35-32-36-48-112)222-181(283)155(109(14)236)227-143(244)93-203-164(266)124(63-68-148(251)252)226-184(287)187(16,17)232-160(262)118(188)87-115-90-194-100-205-115/h31-36,39-40,45-50,56-59,89-90,100-110,118,120-137,152-156,200,233-238H,18-30,37-38,41-44,51-55,60-88,91-99,188H2,1-17H3,(H2,189,239)(H,194,205)(H,195,245)(H,196,240)(H,197,246)(H,201,264)(H,202,265)(H,203,266)(H,204,263)(H,206,259)(H,207,267)(H,208,282)(H,209,242)(H,210,243)(H,211,241)(H,212,260)(H,213,270)(H,214,268)(H,215,280)(H,216,261)(H,217,271)(H,218,272)(H,219,269)(H,220,277)(H,221,278)(H,222,283)(H,223,279)(H,224,281)(H,225,284)(H,226,287)(H,227,244)(H,228,273)(H,229,276)(H,230,274)(H,231,275)(H,232,262)(H,247,248)(H,249,250)(H,251,252)(H,253,254)(H,255,256)(H,257,258)(H,285,286)(H4,190,191,198)(H4,192,193,199)/t105-,106-,107-,108-,109+,110+,118-,120-,121-,122-,123-,124-,125-,126-,127+,128-,129-,130-,131-,132-,133-,134-,135-,136-,137-,152-,153-,154-,155-,156-/m0/s1

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18-amino]-2-methylpropanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-6-amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-4-carboxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-6-oxohexyl]amino]-2-oxoethoxy]ethoxy]ethylamino]-2-oxoethoxy]ethoxy]ethylamino]-1-carboxy-4-oxobutyl]amino]-18-oxooctadecanoic acid

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multi-center, placebo-controlled double-blind trial that randomly assigned over 17,600 participants to receive either semaglutide (Wegovy) or placebo. Participants in both groups also received standard-of-care medical treatment (e.g., management of blood pressure and cholesterol) and healthy lifestyle counseling (including diet and physical activity). Semaglutide (Wegovy) significantly reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, heart attack and stroke), which occurred in 6.5% of participants who received semaglutide (Wegovy) compared to 8% of participants who received placebo.

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participants were randomly assigned to receive either semaglutide or placebo injection weekly. Neither the participant nor the health care provider knew which treatment was being given until after the trials were completed. Treatment was given for 30 weeks. In the other five trials (NCT #01930188, 01885208, 02128932, 02207374, 02254291), participants were randomly assigned to receive either semaglutide or another antidiabetic medication, and the participant and provider knew which medication was being given in four trials. Treatment was given for 30 weeks or 56 weeks.

661: 1456:. French national health care insurance system database had previously suggested 1–3 years use of glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists like exenatide, liraglutide and dulaglutide may be linked with increased occurrence of thyroid cancer. Semaglutide belongs to the same family of medicine. A meta-analysis involving data from 37 randomized controlled trials and 19 real world studies (46,719 patients) showed that semaglutide use over 18 months was not associated with increased risks of any cancer, supported by a high grade of evidence. 1085: 756:

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1072: 31: 998:.Among people who were prescribed a GLP-1, 0.1% were diagnosed with gastroparesis at least six months later, which equates to a 52% increased risk of being diagnosed with gastroparesis while on a GLP-1 medication. A 2019 meta-analysis did not indicated a significantly elevated risk of acute pancreatitis.According to the FDA’s Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS), more than 150 patients taking Ozempic reported ileus or intestinal obstructions after taking the medication. 40: 5023: 6255: 2690: 2515: 1343:"Ozempic, the semaglutide injection used for T2D treatment, has a list price of $ 936 in the United States and $ 169 in Japan. Prices were $ 147 in Canada, $ 144 in Switzerland, $ 103 in Germany and Netherlands, $ 96 in Sweden, $ 93 in the United Kingdom, and $ 87 in Australia. France had the lowest price at $ 83." (21 August 2023; figures refer to a one-month supply) 1198:

placebo. Neither the participant nor the health care provider knew which treatment was being given. Treatment was given for 104 weeks (2 years), and the occurrence of cardiovascular events, including heart attacks, strokes and hospitalization due to unstable angina (near heart attack) were recorded and compared in the two groups of participants.

1143:. Research continued and in 1993 Michael Nauck managed to infuse GLP-1 into people with type 2 diabetes, stimulating insulin while inhibiting glucagon and bringing blood glucose to normal levels. However, treating diabetes patients with GLP-1 hormones resulted in significant side effects, leading researchers financed by 1210:

of 30 or greater were assigned in a 2:1 ratio to a treatment with once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide or placebo, plus lifestyle intervention. The trials occurred at 129 sites in 16 countries in Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. The mean percentage change in body weight at week 68 was

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2 diabetes who were at high risk for cardiovascular events. This trial was conducted in 20 countries in Europe, the Russian Federation, Turkey, Brazil, Israel, Malaysia, Brazil, Mexico, Thailand, Taiwan, Canada, and the United States. The participants were randomly assigned to receive semaglutide or

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sellers offer unauthorized products claimed to be semaglutide online. This practice is legal in the United States as long as marketed for "research purposes only", but some buyers turn to unauthorized retailers due to being denied insurance coverage and not being able to afford the name brand drug.

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In October 2023, Belgium announced it was considering a temporary ban on Ozempic for use as a weight loss medication amid a sharp increase in demand leading to a shortage of the drug, which was expected to last into mid-2024. The government had previously advised medical professionals to prescribe

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many people "who could most benefit from weight loss may be unable to afford such expensive drugs". High costs of Ozempic prompted some insurance companies to investigate and refuse to cover patients with what the companies considered was insufficient evidence to support a diabetes diagnosis,

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In March 2024, the FDA expanded the indication for semaglutide (Wegovy) to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death, heart attack and stroke in adults with cardiovascular disease and either obesity or overweight. The efficacy and safety for this new indication were studied in a multi-national,

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2 diabetes. The trials were conducted at 536 sites in 33 countries, including Canada, Mexico, the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Turkey, India, South Africa, Japan, Hong Kong, multiple European countries, Argentina, and the United States. In two of these trials (NCT #02054897 and NCT#02305381),

1139:. They were examining hormones secreted during eating, and testing them on pig pancreases, leading to the discovery of GLP-1's significant potency in 1988. Their work, which later contributed significantly to diabetes and obesity treatments, earned them and Daniel Drucker the 2021 3973: 1467:

of users of the injection, prompting a safety assessment of Ozempic, Wegovy, Saxenda, and similar drugs. In January 2024, a preliminary review conducted by the FDA confirmed no evidence had been found to suggest that the medicine causes suicidal thoughts or actions.

1396:, which holds the controlling stake in Novo Nordisk. The profits results in increased Danish tax revenues and employment. Novo Nordisk added 3,500 jobs in Denmark in 2022, bringing the total in the country to 21,000 employees, out of 59,000 worldwide. 3789: 4586: 4608:

Dutta D, Kumar M, Shivaprasad KS, Kumar A, Sharma M (June 2022). "Impact of semaglutide on biochemical and radiologic measures of metabolic-dysfunction associated fatty liver disease across the spectrum of glycaemia: A meta-analysis".

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urges. Some users of these drugs have reported significant reduction in what is colloquially known as "food noise" (constant, unstoppable thoughts about eating despite not being physically hungry), which can be a factor of BED.

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Abd El Aziz M, Cahyadi O, Meier JJ, Schmidt WE, Nauck MA (April 2020). "Incretin-based glucose-lowering medications and the risk of acute pancreatitis and malignancies: a meta-analysis based on cardiovascular outcomes trials".

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began studying semaglutide, a once-weekly diabetes therapy as a longer-acting alternative to liraglutide. It was given the brand name Ozempic. Clinical trials started in January 2016 and ended in May 2017.

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GLP-1 regulates digestion and blood sugar. The small intestine releases GLP-1 when food is eaten. It reduces hunger, signals fullness, stimulates insulin, and inhibits glucagon, maintaining glucose levels.

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in an attempt to avoid the patent of the base semaglutide product. These are not evaluated for safety and effectiveness by and thus are considered not shown to be safe or effective by the US

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Lau J, Bloch P, Schäffer L, Pettersson I, Spetzler J, Kofoed J, et al. (September 2015). "Discovery of the Once-Weekly Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Analogue Semaglutide".

4544: 902:(FDA) expanded the indication for semaglutide (Wegovy), in combination with a reduced calorie diet and increased physical activity, to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death, 2018: 1969: 1922: 1453: 1313:

the drug only to diabetics. A similar order had been issued by the government of the United Kingdom earlier that month, additionally prohibiting new prescriptions for type

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In December 2017, the injectable version with the brand name Ozempic was approved for use by people with diabetes in the United States, and, in January 2018, in Canada.

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and appetite regulation, although the exact mechanisms remain under study. Animal research has indicated that drugs similar to semaglutide can reduce alcohol intake.

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Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. The drug decreases blood sugar levels. The decrease is theorized to be caused by the mimicking of the

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In September 2019, a version that can be taken orally (Rybelsus) was approved for medical use in the United States, and in the European Union in April 2020.

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In each trial, HbA1c was measured from the start of the trial to the end of the trial and compared between the semaglutide group and the other groups.

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It was approved for medical use in the US in 2017. In 2022, it was the 48th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 13

4236: 4321: 3943: 3721: 4365: 3966:"Novo Nordisk announces FDA approval of label update for Rybelsus (semaglutide) allowing use as a first-line option for adults with type 2 diabetes" 1677: 3912: 1647: 1617: 5078: 5070: 4995: 4952: 5789: 5559: 4053: 1280: 1068:(synthesis of new glucose). It reduces food intake by lowering appetite and slowing down digestion in the stomach, helping reduce body weight. 3925:

Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.

3871: 5809: 198: 3068:"Effects of once-weekly semaglutide on appetite, energy intake, control of eating, food preference and body weight in subjects with obesity" 748: 1363: 883:

The higher-dose formulation of semaglutide is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise for long-term weight management in adults with

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official said that patients using semaglutide to lose weight can regain their original weight within 5 years of stopping treatment.

6290: 5668: 1159: 850: 1222:(which has an overlapping mechanism of action) were more promising than previous anti-obesity drugs, although less effective than 1116:. The lysine at GLP position 26 (semaglutide position 20) has a long chain attached, ending with a chain of 17 carbon atoms and a 4122: 4027: 1871: 3172:"The human GLP-1 analogs liraglutide and semaglutide: absence of histopathological effects on the pancreas in nonhuman primates" 2010: 1961: 1914: 1841: 1369:

High demand caused worldwide supply shortages of semaglutide in 2023; new UK prescriptions were not issued during the shortage.

2894:"Glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor agonists activate rodent thyroid C-cells causing calcitonin release and C-cell proliferation" 2758:"People using popular drugs for weight loss, diabetes are more likely to be diagnosed with stomach paralysis, studies confirm" 1534: 6205: 5295: 3420: 2573: 1771: 3699: 2337: 1328:

The Chinese patent was scheduled to expire in 2026, but a court ruled in 2022 that all patents on semaglutide were invalid.

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In February 2018, authorization was granted in the European Union, in March 2018 in Japan, and in August 2019 in Australia.

4297: 4260: 4145: 6062: 2664:"FDA Approves First Treatment to Reduce Risk of Serious Heart Problems Specifically in Adults with Obesity or Overweight" 1034: 1120:. This increases the drug's binding to blood protein (albumin), which enables longer presence in the blood circulation. 3580: 2818: 249: 4756: 4734: 4340: 2757: 2488: 1746: 1714: 768: 171: 115: 3356:

for "A Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Comparing Semaglutide to Placebo and Liraglutide" at

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Nagendra L, Bg H, Sharma M, Dutta D (July 2023). "Semaglutide and cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.".

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Hayashi D, Edwards C, Emond JA, Gilbert-Diamond D, Butt M, Rigby A, et al. (November 2023). Trakada G (ed.).

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In October 2023, there were reports of counterfeit Ozempic pens being sold in Europe. The pens possibly contained

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In June 2021, a higher-dose version for injectable use sold under the brand name Wegovy was approved by the US

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of GLP-1 are missing. Substitutions are made at GLP positions 8 and 34 (semaglutide positions 2 and 28), where

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In the 1970s, Jens Juul Holst and Joel Habener began research on the GLP-1 hormone, initially in relation to

4902:"Beneficial Effects of GLP-1 Agonist in a Male With Compulsive Food-Related Behavior Associated With Autism" 3492: 2299:"Semaglutide in type 2 diabetes - is it the best glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1R agonist)?" 5249: 4792: 4582: 4550: 4232: 3875: 3845: 3314:"Interview with Weight Loss Drugs Inventor Lotte Bjerre Knudsen: "I'm Experimenting with Periodic Fasting"" 2669: 2626: 2539: 2494: 1437: 1272: 1179: 899: 656: 589: 3935: 5898: 5064:

for "Semaglutide Effects on Heart Disease and Stroke in Patients With Overweight or Obesity (SELECT)" at

1586:"FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)" 1014: 3904: 1056:, which are responsible for insulin production and release. Additionally, it inhibits the production of 6300: 6245: 5860: 5726: 5259: 1335:

In Brazil, the Supreme Court refused to extend semaglutide's patent protection, which expires in 2026.

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Bjerre Knudsen L, Madsen LW, Andersen S, Almholt K, de Boer AS, Drucker DJ, et al. (April 2010).

1834:"Ozempic 0.25 mg solution for injection in pre-filled pen – Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)" 1211:−14.9% in the semaglutide group vs −2.4% with placebo, for an estimated treatment difference of −12.4 1182:(FDA) approved semaglutide based on evidence from seven clinical trials of 4087 participants with type 459: 6285: 6167: 6067: 6057: 4423: 2085: 2049: 1585: 1346:

In the US, Wegovy has a list price of $ 1,349.02 per month as of 2022 suggesting that because of the

1284: 853:. The most common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and constipation. 3530:

Garvey WT, Batterham RL, Bhatta M, Buscemi S, Christensen LN, Frias JP, et al. (October 2022).

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Phillips A, Clements JN (February 2022). "Clinical review of subcutaneous semaglutide for obesity".

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The FDA also considered data from one separate trial (NCT #01720446) of 3297 participants with type

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Semaglutide is expected to become patent-free in the United States no earlier than December 2031.

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Wilding JP, Batterham RL, Calanna S, Davies M, Van Gaal LF, Lingvay I, et al. (March 2021).

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Marso SP, Bain SC, Consoli A, Eliaschewitz FG, Jódar E, Leiter LA, et al. (November 2016).

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Blundell J, Finlayson G, Axelsen M, Flint A, Gibbons C, Kvist T, et al. (September 2017).

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Gotfredsen CF, Mølck AM, Thorup I, Nyborg NC, Salanti Z, Knudsen LB, et al. (July 2014).

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Schematic representation of the structures of semaglutide and liraglutide, compared to GLP-1

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among users. Scientists speculate that semaglutide may influence brain regions involved in

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Product Monograph Including Patient Medication Information – Ozempic semaglutide injection

1259:(NDA) was filed, and in October 2017, the FDA Advisory Committee approved it unanimously. 660: 8: 5102: 4761: 4345: 4302: 4054:"The high price of Ozempic is pushing many to unregulated, copycat drugs for weight loss" 1740:

Product Monograph Including Patient Medication Information – Rybelsus semaglutide tablets

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A 2014 meta-analysis found that semaglutide may be effective in lowering liver enzymes (

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In January 2023, the label for Rybelsus was updated to reflect that it can be used as a

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in people with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or with

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In March 2021, in a phase III randomized, double-blind trial, 1,961 adults with a

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A/S. In January 2022, Wegovy was approved for medical use in the European Union.

1207: 1065: 979: 888: 799: 434: 424: 4953:"Patients say drugs like Ozempic help with 'food noise.' Here's what that means" 4579:"Medications Containing Semaglutide Marketed for Type 2 Diabetes or Weight Loss" 1381:

had become the most valuable corporation in the European Union, worth more than

6216: 5960: 5625: 5554: 5306: 5255: 5162: 5152: 5132: 5110: 4146:"Ozempic is taking China by storm. Drugmakers are scrambling to boost supplies" 3628: 3611: 3547: 2860: 2385: 2368: 1117: 1112:, respectively. The substitution of the alanine prevents chemical breakdown by 1061: 931: 4665: 4622: 3036: 1648:"Summary for ARTG Entry: 346198 Rybelsus semaglutide 3 mg tablet blister pack" 1071: 6269: 6006: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5935: 5829: 5585: 5544: 5432: 5427: 5417: 5412: 5218: 4918: 3755: 3504: 3325: 3286: 2694: 2519: 1806: 1449: 1002: 991: 649: 391: 4820:"Some People on Ozempic Lose the Desire to Drink. Scientists Are Asking Why" 2724: 2170: 2155:"Wegovy (semaglutide): a new weight loss drug for chronic weight management" 1013:. It is unknown whether semaglutide causes thyroid C-cell tumors, including 44:

Experimentally determined structure of semaglutide while complexed with the

22: 5839: 5834: 5814: 5716: 5706: 5701: 5590: 5564: 5532: 5492: 5470: 5465: 5460: 5437: 5422: 5402: 5388: 5114: 4937: 4886: 4726: 4673: 4630: 4517: 3969: 3815: 3785: 3725: 3647: 3565: 3469: 3386: 3254: 3197: 3143: 3103: 3044: 3009: 3000: 2983: 2968: 2919: 2878: 2804: 2742: 2443: 2394: 2325: 2272: 2223: 2188: 1500: 1499:(BED), as they can successfully minimize obsessive thoughts about food and 1409: 1378: 1329: 1292: 1230: 1218:

A 2022 review of anti-obesity treatments found that semaglutide as well as

1144: 987: 963: 927: 312: 4513:"Several hospitalised in Austria after using suspected fake diabetes drug" 3460: 3443: 2959: 2943:"Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes" 2942: 2369:"Semaglutide: Review and Place in Therapy for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes" 1739: 1707: 5824: 5819: 5804: 5799: 5794: 5750: 5744: 5696: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5635: 5620: 5605: 5595: 5574: 5549: 5497: 5455: 5407: 5397: 5213: 4697:"Ozempic, Drugs for Weight Loss Being Reviewed for Links to Suicide Risk" 4298:"Insurers clamping down on doctors who prescribe Ozempic for weight loss" 2910: 2893: 1492: 1488: 1464: 1305: 1219: 1155: 943: 892: 843: 439: 216: 39: 3219:

Kapitza C, Nosek L, Jensen L, Hartvig H, Jensen CB, Flint A (May 2015).

1366:. It is also available for obesity, limited to treatment for two years. 558: 6001: 5888: 5878: 5873: 5868: 5784: 5779: 5774: 5615: 5600: 5569: 5374: 4867: 2984:"Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Signaling Modulates β Cell Apoptosis" 2215: 1093: 1053: 975: 819: 706: 569: 4233:"Charted: The cost of weight-loss drugs in the US vs. Other countries" 3275:"What the Scientists Who Pioneered Weight-Loss Drugs Want You to Know" 3188: 3171: 3084: 3067: 2796: 2425: 906:

and stroke in obese or overweight adults with cardiovascular disease.

54: 6011: 5926: 5916: 5883: 5734: 5691: 5610: 5369: 5356: 4986:"People on Drugs Like Ozempic Say Their 'Food Noise' Has Disappeared" 4757:"FDA reports no link between weight-loss drugs and suicidal thoughts" 3236: 1476: 1352: 1147:

to start looking to develop a suitable compound for therapeutic use.

1124: 951: 947: 524: 469: 202: 30: 4341:"I lost 40 pounds on Ozempic. But I'm left with even more questions" 4207:"U.S. Leads the world in list prices for diabetes, antiobesity meds" 5911: 5906: 5364: 2891: 1459:

In July 2023, the Icelandic Medicines Agency reported two cases of

1165: 1150:

In 1998 a team of researchers at Novo Nordisk led by the scientist

1109: 1057: 1046: 959: 935: 923: 919: 618: 549: 244: 6296:

Experimental drugs developed for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

4848: 733: 5128: 5106: 4486: 4396: 3023:

Dhillon S (February 2018). "Semaglutide: First Global Approval".

2693:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

2518:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

1433: 1386: 1279:

for long-term weight management in adults. In November 2021, the

1097: 967: 939: 884: 811: 3812:"Ozempic approved in Japan for the treatment of type 2 diabetes" 1092:

Semaglutide is chemically similar to human GLP-1. The first six

5480: 4851:"What Is Food Noise? A Conceptual Model of Food Cue Reactivity" 4085:"Belgium plans temporary ban on use of Ozempic for weight loss" 3899: 3897: 2707:

Sodhi M, Rezaeianzadeh R, Kezouh A, Etminan M (November 2023).

2706: 2596:"Semaglutide Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022" 1429: 1101: 1010: 915: 3444:"Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity" 2982:

Li Y, Hansotia T, Yusta B, Ris F, Halban P, Drucker D (2003).

2781: 5484: 4177:"Brazilian federal court denies semaglutide patent extension" 3872:"FDA approves first oral GLP-1 treatment for type 2 diabetes" 3692:"Development Status and FDA Approval Process for semaglutide" 3441: 3065: 1425: 724: 629: 154: 4899: 4028:"Inside the gold rush to sell cheaper imitations of Ozempic" 3894: 3529: 2940: 1452:) and improving certain radiologically observed features of 3169: 2152: 609: 160: 142: 136: 104: 80: 4607: 3610:

Müller TD, Blüher M, Tschöp MH, DiMarchi RD (March 2022).

3609: 3493:"What Is Ozempic and Why Is It Getting So Much Attention?" 3121: 98: 5725: 4957: 4483:"European regulator warns EU, UK about fake Ozempic pens" 3218: 1593: 1385:, and accounted for almost all recent economic growth in 1359: 1052:(GLP-1). It also appears to enhance growth of pancreatic 148: 92: 89: 2845:"The Thyroid Pathologist Meets Therapeutic Pharmacology" 2536:"Drug Approval Package: Ozempic (semaglutide) Injection" 2483: 2481: 2479: 2477: 2475: 2473: 1454:

metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease

3371:"Once-weekly glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists" 2842: 2819:"Ozempic Bowel Obstruction | Causes & Side Effects" 2530: 2528: 2471: 2469: 2467: 2465: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2457: 2455: 2453: 4392:"Novo Nordisk's Wegovy bonanza looms large in Denmark" 3612:"Anti-obesity drug discovery: advances and challenges" 2153:

Singh G, Krauthamer M, Bjalme-Evans M (January 2022).

1864:"Rybelsus – Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)" 1471:

Semaglutide has shown potential to reduce interest in

6243: 4900:

Järvinen A, Laine MK, Tikkanen R, Castrén ML (2019).

4651: 3958: 1956: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1909: 1521: 1519: 1517: 172: 133: 130: 116: 77: 4051: 2525: 2450: 2244: 1907: 1905: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1897: 1895: 1893: 1891: 1889: 1424:

Some compounded versions have been found to contain

1408:, and led to several people being hospitalised with 1064:(release of stored carbohydrate from the liver) and 163: 157: 151: 107: 101: 95: 4456:

Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency

2005: 2003: 2001: 1999: 1997: 1995: 1993: 1991: 1989: 1987: 1578: 1392:Profits from Novo Nordisk generate returns for the 1025:Data from rodent studies of GLP-1-mediated thyroid 986:(GERD). It has in the past been suspected to cause 145: 139: 86: 83: 4259: 2981: 2843:Sande CM, Tondi Resta I, Livolsi VA (March 2023). 2306:Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology 1937: 1514: 1127:in the blood is about seven days (165–184 hours). 4322:National Institute for Health and Care Excellence 4107: 1886: 6267: 4727:"Weight-loss jabs investigated for suicide risk" 4052:Lovelace Jr B, Lewis R, Kopf M (19 March 2023). 2201: 2075: 2073: 2071: 1984: 1713:(Report). Novo-Nordisk Canada. 21 August 2020 . 1554: 1552: 1166:Clinical trials and early approvals for diabetes 537: 3375:The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 3165: 3163: 3161: 3117: 3115: 3113: 2658: 2656: 2654: 2652: 2650: 2407: 2366: 2245:Amaro A, Sugimoto D, Wharton S (January 2022). 2040: 2038: 2036: 1678:"Wegovy (Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals Pty Ltd)" 512: 2115: 2113: 2111: 2109: 1745:(Report). Novo-Nordisk Canada. 30 March 2020. 1281:Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use 872:as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve 5086: 2362: 2360: 2358: 2204:Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 2148: 2146: 2068: 1612: 1610: 1549: 1079: 5127: 3311: 3158: 3110: 2647: 2033: 1236: 1001:The US FDA label for semaglutide contains a 248: 3994: 2292: 2290: 2106: 408:In general: ℞ (Prescription only) 5093: 5079: 4291: 4289: 3722:"Ozempic (semaglutide) approved in the US" 3368: 2355: 2143: 1915:"Ozempic- semaglutide injection, solution" 1607: 659: 577: 4927: 4917: 4876: 4866: 4363: 3637: 3627: 3578: 3555: 3459: 3244: 3187: 3093: 3083: 2999: 2958: 2909: 2868: 2732: 2433: 2384: 2262: 2178: 2011:"Wegovy- semaglutide injection, solution" 597: 16:Anti-diabetic and anti-obesity medication 4694: 2296: 2287: 1772:"Regulatory Decision Summary – Rybelsus" 1160:glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist 1083: 1070: 851:glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist 4295: 4286: 4174: 4082: 4025: 3752:"Regulatory Decision Summary – Ozempic" 3022: 2755: 2408:Hughes S, Neumiller JJ (January 2020). 1487:Semaglutide and similar drugs, such as 1358:In the UK, semaglutide is available on 838:for diabetes, and under the brand name 557: 221: 6268: 4338: 4257: 4064:from the original on 26 September 2023 4007:from the original on 25 September 2023 3882:from the original on 23 September 2019 3393:from the original on 30 September 2022 3312:Müller MU, Preker A (4 January 2024). 1682:Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) 1652:Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) 1622:Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) 1564:Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) 1531:Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) 1419: 1302:for adults with type 2 diabetes. 1245: 1162:that could be used to treat diabetes. 1040: 650: 400: 372: 5335: 5126: 5074: 4589:from the original on 29 December 2023 4559:from the original on 22 December 2023 4463:from the original on 26 December 2023 4372:from the original on 18 December 2023 4156:from the original on 15 December 2023 3915:from the original on 13 November 2021 3268: 3266: 3264: 2503:from the original on 31 December 2023 2367:Goldenberg RM, Steen O (March 2019). 2021:from the original on 14 December 2021 1752:from the original on 14 December 2021 1658:from the original on 24 February 2022 1628:from the original on 24 February 2022 1537:from the original on 24 February 2022 1201: 637: 385: 239: 207: 5113:, and other drugs used in diabetes ( 4998:from the original on 11 January 2024 4983: 4965:from the original on 13 January 2024 4950: 4817: 4799:from the original on 19 January 2024 4769:from the original on 14 January 2024 4525:from the original on 24 October 2023 4493:from the original on 24 October 2023 4239:from the original on 20 January 2024 4213:from the original on 20 January 2024 4095:from the original on 24 October 2023 3976:from the original on 16 January 2023 3946:from the original on 30 October 2022 3940:Union Register of medicinal products 3852:from the original on 2 November 2020 3702:from the original on 24 October 2017 3490: 3272: 2056:from the original on 25 October 2020 1020: 316: 6083:Glibenclamide (glyburide)/metformin 6063:Dapagliflozin/saxagliptin/metformin 4431:from the original on 4 January 2024 4187:from the original on 6 January 2024 3905:"Wegovy : Pending EC decision" 3448:The New England Journal of Medicine 3332:from the original on 25 August 2024 2988:The Journal of Biological Chemistry 2947:The New England Journal of Medicine 2576:from the original on 30 August 2024 2094:from the original on 14 August 2020 1962:"Rybelsus- oral semaglutide tablet" 1482: 1035:multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 830:. It is sold under the brand names 617: 528: 13: 4427:(Press release). 18 October 2023. 4328:from the original on 9 March 2023. 4143: 4125:from the original on 23 March 2024 3591:from the original on 30 March 2023 3511:from the original on 29 March 2023 3261: 3072:Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism 2785:Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism 2678:from the original on 12 March 2024 1814:from the original on 17 April 2024 1688:from the original on 14 April 2023 14: 6322: 5014: 4830:from the original on 20 July 2024 4737:from the original on 10 July 2023 4707:from the original on 28 July 2023 4611:Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome 4353:from the original on 7 June 2023. 4274:from the original on 27 June 2022 3842:"Drug Approval Package: Rybelsus" 3822:from the original on 2 April 2019 3792:from the original on 2 April 2019 3672:from the original on 10 June 2023 3423:from the original on 31 July 2018 2546:from the original on 1 March 2021 2159:Journal of Investigative Medicine 1373:Economic impact on Danish society 914:Possible adverse effects include 343: 271: 193:Ozempic, Rybelsus, Wegovy, others 6253: 5336: 5021: 4364:Verrender I (19 December 2023). 3762:from the original on 17 May 2019 3732:from the original on 5 June 2021 3293:from the original on 15 May 2024 3225:Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2688: 2635:from the original on 4 June 2021 2513: 2131:from the original on 2 July 2022 1972:from the original on 5 June 2021 1925:from the original on 5 June 2021 1874:from the original on 6 June 2021 1844:from the original on 6 June 2021 1782:from the original on 5 June 2022 1720:from the original on 7 June 2021 690: 684: 126: 73: 38: 29: 6291:Drugs developed by Novo Nordisk 4977: 4944: 4893: 4842: 4811: 4781: 4749: 4719: 4688: 4645: 4601: 4571: 4537: 4505: 4475: 4443: 4411: 4384: 4357: 4332: 4310: 4251: 4225: 4199: 4168: 4137: 4076: 4045: 4026:Gilbert D (19 September 2023). 4019: 3988: 3928: 3864: 3834: 3804: 3774: 3744: 3714: 3684: 3654: 3603: 3572: 3523: 3484: 3435: 3405: 3362: 3344: 3305: 3212: 3059: 3016: 2975: 2934: 2885: 2836: 2811: 2775: 2749: 2700: 2674:(Press release). 8 March 2024. 2613: 2588: 2558: 2401: 2343:from the original on 5 May 2020 2238: 2195: 1856: 1826: 1794: 1399: 1250: 984:gastroesophageal reflux disease 909: 863: 781:Key:DLSWIYLPEUIQAV-CCUURXOWSA-N 3616:Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery 3369:Kalra S, Gupta Y (July 2015). 3124:Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2631:(Press release). 4 June 2021. 1764: 1732: 1700: 1670: 1640: 1364:nominal or no cost to patients 1141:Warren Alpert Foundation Prize 696: 678: 356: 1: 4115:"OZEMPIC Drug Patent Profile" 4083:Strauss M (24 October 2023). 3579:Dillinger K (29 March 2023). 2489:"Ozempic Drug Trial Snapshot" 2318:10.1080/17425255.2018.1441286 2264:10.1080/00325481.2022.2147326 1507: 1428:of semaglutide including the 1362:prescription for diabetes at 1355:prescribing for weight loss. 1287:(EMA) recommended to grant a 1255:In December 2016, the US FDA 1060:, the hormone that increases 5899:Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors 4951:Kuhn C (25 September 2023). 4793:Food and Drug Administration 4583:Food and Drug Administration 4551:Food and Drug Administration 4521:. Reuters. 24 October 2023. 3995:Lovelace Jr B (3 May 2023). 3936:"Wegovy Product information" 3876:Food and Drug Administration 3846:Food and Drug Administration 3136:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00726 2670:Food and Drug Administration 2627:Food and Drug Administration 2540:Food and Drug Administration 2495:Food and Drug Administration 2373:Canadian Journal of Diabetes 1438:Food and Drug Administration 1338: 1273:Food and Drug Administration 1180:Food and Drug Administration 900:Food and Drug Administration 822:. It can be administered by 7: 5861:Aldose reductase inhibitors 4818:Blum D (24 February 2023). 4695:Blanchet B (27 July 2023). 3491:Blum D (22 November 2022). 1443: 1320: 1015:medullary thyroid carcinoma 10: 6327: 5727:GLP1 poly-agonist peptides 4296:Gilbert D (12 June 2023). 4258:Kolata G (28 April 2022). 3878:(FDA). 20 September 2019. 3830:– via GlobeNewswire. 3800:– via GlobeNewswire. 3629:10.1038/s41573-021-00337-8 3548:10.1038/s41591-022-02026-4 2861:10.1007/s12022-023-09749-1 2386:10.1016/j.jcjd.2018.05.008 2297:Doggrell SA (March 2018). 1495:, have been used to treat 1215:(95% CI, −13.4 to −11.5). 1130: 1080:Structure and pharmacology 798:used for the treatment of 668:Chemical and physical data 6173:Sitagliptin/ertugliflozin 6168:Sitagliptin/dapagliflozin 6088:Glimepiride/rosiglitazone 6068:Empagliflozin/linagliptin 6058:Dapagliflozin/saxagliptin 6033: 6024: 5994: 5925: 5897: 5859: 5852: 5764: 5667: 5634: 5586:Glibenclamide (glyburide) 5531: 5519: 5510: 5479: 5446: 5383: 5355: 5346: 5342: 5331: 5269: 5232: 5189: 5171: 5143: 5139: 5122: 4666:10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102834 4623:10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102539 4585:(FDA). 21 December 2023. 4424:European Medicines Agency 4181:Pharmaceutical Technology 3909:European Medicines Agency 3037:10.1007/s40265-018-0871-0 2756:Goodman B (20 May 2024). 2125:European Medicines Agency 2086:European Medicines Agency 2050:European Medicines Agency 1285:European Medicines Agency 1237:For cardiovascular health 818:(GLP-1), modified with a 764: 744: 722: 705: 672: 667: 648: 628: 608: 588: 568: 548: 523: 503: 483: 478: 468: 458: 445: 433: 423: 415: 333: 328: 303: 285: 259: 229: 215: 197: 187: 68: 63: 37: 28: 6153:Pioglitazone/sitagliptin 6143:Pioglitazone/glimepiride 6133:Phenformin/sulfonylureas 6078:Gemigliptin/rosuvastatin 6048:Cagrilintide/semaglutide 4919:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00097 4795:(FDA). 11 January 2024. 4339:Marcus R (6 June 2023). 4175:Masters W (9 May 2023). 3984:– via PR Newswire. 2542:(FDA). 16 January 2018. 2052:(EMA). 8 February 2018. 6276:GLP-1 receptor agonists 6183:Sitagliptin/simvastatin 6158:Rosiglitazone/metformin 6138:Pioglitazone/alogliptin 6128:Metformin/teneligliptin 6123:Metformin/sulfonylureas 6103:Metformin/ertugliflozin 6073:Empagliflozin/metformin 6053:Dapagliflozin/metformin 6043:Canagliflozin/metformin 5669:GLP-1 receptor agonists 4984:Blum D (21 June 2023). 4906:Frontiers in Psychiatry 2725:10.1001/jama.2023.19574 2171:10.1136/jim-2021-001952 1394:Novo Nordisk Foundation 1289:marketing authorization 1277:anti-obesity medication 1172:phase II clinical trial 1050:glucagon-like peptide-1 860:million prescriptions. 816:glucagon-like peptide-1 814:similar to the hormone 804:anti-obesity medication 796:antidiabetic medication 6188:Vildagliptin/metformin 6148:Pioglitazone/metformin 5058:Clinical trial number 4324:(NICE). 8 March 2023. 3874:(Press release). U.S. 3788:A/S. 9 February 2018. 3350:Clinical trial number 3001:10.1074/jbc.M209423200 1137:duodenal ulcer disease 1114:dipeptidyl peptidase-4 1106:2-aminoisobutyric acid 1089: 1076: 1029:indicates that use is 898:In March 2024, the US 824:subcutaneous injection 6178:Sitagliptin/metformin 6163:Saxagliptin/metformin 6118:Metformin/repaglinide 6113:Metformin/gemigliptin 6093:Linagliptin/metformin 3848:(FDA). 10 June 2020. 3461:10.1056/NEJMoa2032183 2960:10.1056/NEJMoa1607141 2566:"The Top 300 of 2022" 2251:Postgraduate Medicine 1527:"AusPAR: Semaglutide" 1497:binge eating disorder 1332:appealed the ruling. 1087: 1074: 1007:thyroid C-cell tumors 970:) in people with type 6281:Peptide therapeutics 6108:Metformin/evogliptin 6038:Alogliptin/metformin 5048:"Semaglutide tablet" 4654:Diabetes Metab Syndr 4555:. 21 December 2023. 4459:. 23 November 2023. 4144:He L (7 June 2023). 3911:. 11 November 2021. 3818:A/S. 23 March 2018. 2911:10.1210/en.2009-1272 1870:. 25 November 2020. 1300:first-line treatment 1257:New Drug Application 1152:Lotte Bjerre Knudsen 956:abdominal distension 800:type 2 diabetes 5348:Insulin sensitizers 5103:diabetes medication 4762:The Washington Post 4489:. 18 October 2023. 4346:The Washington Post 4303:The Washington Post 3972:. 12 January 2023. 3758:. 23 October 2014. 3728:. 5 December 2017. 2849:Endocrine Pathology 2499:. 5 December 2017. 2090:. 29 January 2020. 1810:. 14 October 2020. 1778:. 23 October 2014. 1533:. 2 December 2020. 1473:alcohol consumption 1420:Compounded versions 1246:Society and culture 1041:Mechanism of action 876:in adults with type 806:used for long-term 381:(Prescription only) 352:(Prescription only) 25: 6227:Never to phase III 6098:Metformin/acarbose 5448:Dual PPAR agonists 5317:Never to phase III 5224:Ultralente insulin 5066:ClinicalTrials.gov 5031:has a profile for 4991:The New York Times 4868:10.3390/nu15224809 4824:The New York Times 4267:The New York Times 4209:. 21 August 2023. 3497:The New York Times 3417:ClinicalTrials.gov 3358:ClinicalTrials.gov 2410:"Oral Semaglutide" 2216:10.1111/jcpt.13574 2127:. 6 January 2022. 1684:. 7 October 2022. 1566:. 22 February 2022 1202:Trials for obesity 1090: 1077: 1027:C-cell hyperplasia 460:Duration of action 21: 6301:Danish inventions 6241: 6240: 6237: 6236: 6200: 6199: 6196: 6195: 6020: 6019: 5848: 5847: 5760: 5759: 5663: 5662: 5506: 5505: 5327: 5326: 5290: 5289: 5234:ultra-long-acting 5158:Insulin glulisine 5037: 4119:Drug Patent Watch 3968:(Press release). 3814:(Press release). 3784:(Press release). 3724:(Press release). 3668:. 30 March 2023. 3542:(10): 2083–2091. 3189:10.2337/db13-1087 3085:10.1111/dom.12932 2953:(19): 1834–1844. 2797:10.1111/dom.13924 2719:(18): 1795–1797. 2426:10.2337/cd19-0079 2414:Clinical Diabetes 1461:suicidal thoughts 1229:In March 2023, a 1224:bariatric surgery 1213:percentage points 1021:Contraindications 996:bowel obstruction 849:Semaglutide is a 808:weight management 789: 788: 735:Interactive image 404: 389: 376: 359: 347: 275: 242: 6318: 6286:Peptide hormones 6258: 6257: 6256: 6249: 6031: 6030: 5927:SGLT2 inhibitors 5857: 5856: 5766:DPP-4 inhibitors 5747:(GLP-1/GIP/GCGR) 5723: 5722: 5529: 5528: 5517: 5516: 5353: 5352: 5344: 5343: 5333: 5332: 5242:Insulin degludec 5204:Insulin glargine 5141: 5140: 5124: 5123: 5095: 5088: 5081: 5072: 5071: 5055: 5035: 5025: 5024: 5008: 5007: 5005: 5003: 4981: 4975: 4974: 4972: 4970: 4948: 4942: 4941: 4931: 4921: 4897: 4891: 4890: 4880: 4870: 4846: 4840: 4839: 4837: 4835: 4815: 4809: 4808: 4806: 4804: 4785: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4774: 4753: 4747: 4746: 4744: 4742: 4733:. 10 July 2023. 4723: 4717: 4716: 4714: 4712: 4692: 4686: 4685: 4649: 4643: 4642: 4605: 4599: 4598: 4596: 4594: 4575: 4569: 4568: 4566: 4564: 4541: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4530: 4509: 4503: 4502: 4500: 4498: 4479: 4473: 4472: 4470: 4468: 4447: 4441: 4440: 4438: 4436: 4415: 4409: 4408: 4406: 4404: 4388: 4382: 4381: 4379: 4377: 4361: 4355: 4354: 4336: 4330: 4329: 4314: 4308: 4307: 4293: 4284: 4283: 4281: 4279: 4263: 4255: 4249: 4248: 4246: 4244: 4229: 4223: 4222: 4220: 4218: 4203: 4197: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4172: 4166: 4165: 4163: 4161: 4141: 4135: 4134: 4132: 4130: 4111: 4105: 4104: 4102: 4100: 4080: 4074: 4073: 4071: 4069: 4049: 4043: 4042: 4040: 4038: 4023: 4017: 4016: 4014: 4012: 3992: 3986: 3985: 3983: 3981: 3962: 3956: 3955: 3953: 3951: 3932: 3926: 3924: 3922: 3920: 3901: 3892: 3891: 3889: 3887: 3868: 3862: 3861: 3859: 3857: 3838: 3832: 3831: 3829: 3827: 3808: 3802: 3801: 3799: 3797: 3778: 3772: 3771: 3769: 3767: 3748: 3742: 3741: 3739: 3737: 3718: 3712: 3711: 3709: 3707: 3688: 3682: 3681: 3679: 3677: 3658: 3652: 3651: 3641: 3631: 3607: 3601: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3576: 3570: 3569: 3559: 3527: 3521: 3520: 3518: 3516: 3488: 3482: 3481: 3463: 3454:(11): 989–1002. 3439: 3433: 3432: 3430: 3428: 3419:. October 2019. 3409: 3403: 3402: 3400: 3398: 3366: 3360: 3348: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3309: 3303: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3270: 3259: 3258: 3248: 3237:10.1002/jcph.443 3216: 3210: 3209: 3191: 3167: 3156: 3155: 3119: 3108: 3107: 3097: 3087: 3078:(9): 1242–1251. 3063: 3057: 3056: 3020: 3014: 3013: 3003: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2962: 2938: 2932: 2931: 2913: 2904:(4): 1473–1486. 2889: 2883: 2882: 2872: 2840: 2834: 2833: 2831: 2829: 2815: 2809: 2808: 2779: 2773: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2753: 2747: 2746: 2736: 2704: 2698: 2692: 2691: 2687: 2685: 2683: 2660: 2645: 2644: 2642: 2640: 2617: 2611: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2592: 2586: 2585: 2583: 2581: 2562: 2556: 2555: 2553: 2551: 2532: 2523: 2517: 2516: 2512: 2510: 2508: 2485: 2448: 2447: 2437: 2405: 2399: 2398: 2388: 2364: 2353: 2352: 2350: 2348: 2342: 2303: 2294: 2285: 2284: 2266: 2242: 2236: 2235: 2199: 2193: 2192: 2182: 2150: 2141: 2140: 2138: 2136: 2117: 2104: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2077: 2066: 2065: 2063: 2061: 2042: 2031: 2030: 2028: 2026: 2007: 1982: 1981: 1979: 1977: 1958: 1935: 1934: 1932: 1930: 1911: 1884: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1860: 1854: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1840:. 9 April 2021. 1830: 1824: 1823: 1821: 1819: 1798: 1792: 1791: 1789: 1787: 1768: 1762: 1761: 1759: 1757: 1751: 1744: 1736: 1730: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1719: 1712: 1704: 1698: 1697: 1695: 1693: 1674: 1668: 1667: 1665: 1663: 1644: 1638: 1637: 1635: 1633: 1614: 1605: 1604: 1602: 1600: 1590:nctr-crs.fda.gov 1582: 1576: 1575: 1573: 1571: 1560:"Rybelsus APMDS" 1556: 1547: 1546: 1544: 1542: 1523: 1483:Eating disorders 1463:and one case of 1384: 1316: 1196: 1185: 1170:In June 2008, a 1104:are replaced by 990:, and can cause 973: 879: 874:glycemic control 859: 737: 717: 715: 698: 692: 686: 680: 663: 652: 641: 621: 601: 581: 561: 541: 531: 530: 516: 450: 402: 399: 394: 387: 384: 374: 371: 367: 358: 355: 345: 342: 320: 273: 270: 252: 241: 238: 225: 211: 179: 175: 170: 169: 166: 165: 162: 159: 156: 153: 150: 147: 144: 141: 138: 135: 132: 120: 114: 113: 110: 109: 106: 103: 100: 97: 94: 91: 88: 85: 82: 79: 57: 42: 33: 26: 24: 20: 6326: 6325: 6321: 6320: 6319: 6317: 6316: 6315: 6311:2008 in science 6306:2008 in Denmark 6266: 6265: 6264: 6254: 6252: 6244: 6242: 6233: 6232: 6217:Clinical trials 6192: 6016: 5990: 5921: 5893: 5844: 5756: 5721: 5659: 5630: 5524: 5502: 5475: 5442: 5387:/"glitazones" ( 5379: 5338: 5323: 5322: 5307:Clinical trials 5286: 5265: 5246:+insulin aspart 5228: 5199:Insulin detemir 5185: 5181:Regular insulin 5167: 5135: 5133:insulin analogs 5118: 5111:insulin analogs 5099: 5046: 5043: 5042: 5041: 5026: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5011: 5001: 4999: 4982: 4978: 4968: 4966: 4949: 4945: 4898: 4894: 4847: 4843: 4833: 4831: 4816: 4812: 4802: 4800: 4787: 4786: 4782: 4772: 4770: 4755: 4754: 4750: 4740: 4738: 4725: 4724: 4720: 4710: 4708: 4693: 4689: 4650: 4646: 4606: 4602: 4592: 4590: 4577: 4576: 4572: 4562: 4560: 4543: 4542: 4538: 4528: 4526: 4511: 4510: 4506: 4496: 4494: 4481: 4480: 4476: 4466: 4464: 4449: 4448: 4444: 4434: 4432: 4417: 4416: 4412: 4402: 4400: 4390: 4389: 4385: 4375: 4373: 4362: 4358: 4337: 4333: 4316: 4315: 4311: 4294: 4287: 4277: 4275: 4256: 4252: 4242: 4240: 4231: 4230: 4226: 4216: 4214: 4205: 4204: 4200: 4190: 4188: 4173: 4169: 4159: 4157: 4142: 4138: 4128: 4126: 4113: 4112: 4108: 4098: 4096: 4081: 4077: 4067: 4065: 4050: 4046: 4036: 4034: 4032:Washington Post 4024: 4020: 4010: 4008: 3993: 3989: 3979: 3977: 3964: 3963: 3959: 3949: 3947: 3934: 3933: 3929: 3918: 3916: 3903: 3902: 3895: 3885: 3883: 3870: 3869: 3865: 3855: 3853: 3840: 3839: 3835: 3825: 3823: 3810: 3809: 3805: 3795: 3793: 3780: 3779: 3775: 3765: 3763: 3750: 3749: 3745: 3735: 3733: 3720: 3719: 3715: 3705: 3703: 3690: 3689: 3685: 3675: 3673: 3660: 3659: 3655: 3608: 3604: 3594: 3592: 3577: 3573: 3536:Nature Medicine 3528: 3524: 3514: 3512: 3489: 3485: 3440: 3436: 3426: 3424: 3411: 3410: 3406: 3396: 3394: 3367: 3363: 3349: 3345: 3335: 3333: 3310: 3306: 3296: 3294: 3271: 3262: 3217: 3213: 3168: 3159: 3130:(18): 7370–80. 3120: 3111: 3064: 3060: 3021: 3017: 2980: 2976: 2939: 2935: 2890: 2886: 2841: 2837: 2827: 2825: 2817: 2816: 2812: 2780: 2776: 2766: 2764: 2754: 2750: 2705: 2701: 2689: 2681: 2679: 2662: 2661: 2648: 2638: 2636: 2619: 2618: 2614: 2604: 2602: 2594: 2593: 2589: 2579: 2577: 2564: 2563: 2559: 2549: 2547: 2534: 2533: 2526: 2514: 2506: 2504: 2487: 2486: 2451: 2406: 2402: 2365: 2356: 2346: 2344: 2340: 2301: 2295: 2288: 2243: 2239: 2200: 2196: 2151: 2144: 2134: 2132: 2119: 2118: 2107: 2097: 2095: 2081:"Rybelsus EPAR" 2079: 2078: 2069: 2059: 2057: 2044: 2043: 2034: 2024: 2022: 2017:. 4 June 2021. 2009: 2008: 1985: 1975: 1973: 1960: 1959: 1938: 1928: 1926: 1913: 1912: 1887: 1877: 1875: 1862: 1861: 1857: 1847: 1845: 1832: 1831: 1827: 1817: 1815: 1800: 1799: 1795: 1785: 1783: 1770: 1769: 1765: 1755: 1753: 1749: 1742: 1738: 1737: 1733: 1723: 1721: 1717: 1710: 1706: 1705: 1701: 1691: 1689: 1676: 1675: 1671: 1661: 1659: 1646: 1645: 1641: 1631: 1629: 1616: 1615: 1608: 1598: 1596: 1584: 1583: 1579: 1569: 1567: 1558: 1557: 1550: 1540: 1538: 1525: 1524: 1515: 1510: 1485: 1446: 1422: 1402: 1383:US$ 500 billion 1382: 1341: 1323: 1314: 1253: 1248: 1239: 1208:body mass index 1204: 1194: 1183: 1168: 1133: 1082: 1066:gluconeogenesis 1043: 1031:contraindicated 1023: 980:gastroenteritis 971: 912: 889:body mass index 877: 868:Semaglutide is 866: 857: 785: 782: 777: 772: 771: 760: 757: 752: 751: 740: 713: 711: 701: 695: 689: 683: 644: 624: 604: 584: 564: 544: 527: 519: 499: 496: 491: 490: 474:Urine and feces 448: 425:Bioavailability 417:Pharmacokinetic 411: 392: 365: 324: 288: 281: 262: 255: 177: 173: 129: 125: 118: 76: 72: 59: 49: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6324: 6314: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6298: 6293: 6288: 6283: 6278: 6263: 6262: 6239: 6238: 6235: 6234: 6231: 6230: 6229: 6228: 6225: 6214: 6208: 6202: 6201: 6198: 6197: 6194: 6193: 6191: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6125: 6120: 6115: 6110: 6105: 6100: 6095: 6090: 6085: 6080: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6060: 6055: 6050: 6045: 6040: 6034: 6028: 6022: 6021: 6018: 6017: 6015: 6014: 6009: 6004: 5998: 5996: 5992: 5991: 5989: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5961:Luseogliflozin 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5932: 5930: 5923: 5922: 5920: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5903: 5901: 5895: 5894: 5892: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5865: 5863: 5854: 5850: 5849: 5846: 5845: 5843: 5842: 5837: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5771: 5769: 5762: 5761: 5758: 5757: 5755: 5754: 5748: 5742: 5731: 5729: 5720: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5704: 5699: 5694: 5689: 5684: 5679: 5673: 5671: 5665: 5664: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5641: 5639: 5632: 5631: 5629: 5628: 5626:Glyclopyramide 5623: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5582:2nd generation 5578: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5555:Chlorpropamide 5552: 5547: 5541:1st generation 5537: 5535: 5526: 5522: 5514: 5508: 5507: 5504: 5503: 5501: 5500: 5495: 5489: 5487: 5477: 5476: 5474: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5452: 5450: 5444: 5443: 5441: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5394: 5392: 5381: 5380: 5378: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5361: 5359: 5350: 5340: 5339: 5329: 5328: 5325: 5324: 5321: 5320: 5319: 5318: 5315: 5304: 5298: 5292: 5291: 5288: 5287: 5285: 5284: 5281: 5277: 5275: 5267: 5266: 5264: 5263: 5256:Insulin icodec 5253: 5238: 5236: 5230: 5229: 5227: 5226: 5221: 5216: 5211: 5201: 5195: 5193: 5187: 5186: 5184: 5183: 5177: 5175: 5169: 5168: 5166: 5165: 5163:Insulin lispro 5160: 5155: 5153:Insulin aspart 5149: 5147: 5137: 5136: 5120: 5119: 5098: 5097: 5090: 5083: 5075: 5069: 5068: 5056: 5027: 5020: 5019: 5018: 5016: 5015:External links 5013: 5010: 5009: 4976: 4943: 4892: 4841: 4810: 4780: 4748: 4718: 4687: 4644: 4600: 4570: 4536: 4504: 4474: 4442: 4410: 4383: 4356: 4331: 4309: 4285: 4250: 4224: 4198: 4167: 4136: 4106: 4075: 4044: 4018: 3987: 3957: 3927: 3893: 3863: 3833: 3803: 3773: 3743: 3713: 3683: 3653: 3622:(3): 201–223. 3602: 3571: 3522: 3483: 3434: 3404: 3361: 3343: 3304: 3260: 3231:(5): 497–504. 3211: 3182:(7): 2486–97. 3157: 3109: 3058: 3031:(2): 275–284. 3015: 2994:(1): 471–478. 2974: 2933: 2884: 2835: 2810: 2791:(4): 699–704. 2774: 2748: 2699: 2646: 2612: 2587: 2557: 2524: 2449: 2420:(1): 109–111. 2400: 2379:(2): 136–145. 2354: 2312:(3): 371–377. 2286: 2257:(sup1): 5–17. 2237: 2210:(2): 184–193. 2194: 2142: 2105: 2067: 2046:"Ozempic EPAR" 2032: 1983: 1936: 1885: 1855: 1825: 1793: 1763: 1731: 1699: 1669: 1639: 1606: 1577: 1548: 1512: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1484: 1481: 1445: 1442: 1421: 1418: 1401: 1398: 1340: 1337: 1322: 1319: 1291:for Wegovy to 1283:(CHMP) of the 1252: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1238: 1235: 1203: 1200: 1167: 1164: 1132: 1129: 1123:Semaglutide's 1118:carboxyl group 1081: 1078: 1062:glycogenolysis 1042: 1039: 1022: 1019: 932:abdominal pain 911: 908: 865: 862: 787: 786: 784: 783: 780: 778: 775: 767: 766: 765: 762: 761: 759: 758: 755: 747: 746: 745: 742: 741: 739: 738: 730: 728: 720: 719: 709: 703: 702: 699: 693: 687: 681: 676: 670: 669: 665: 664: 654: 646: 645: 643: 642: 634: 632: 626: 625: 623: 622: 614: 612: 606: 605: 603: 602: 594: 592: 586: 585: 583: 582: 574: 572: 566: 565: 563: 562: 554: 552: 546: 545: 543: 542: 534: 532: 521: 520: 518: 517: 509: 507: 501: 500: 498: 497: 494: 486: 485: 484: 481: 480: 476: 475: 472: 466: 465: 462: 456: 455: 452: 443: 442: 437: 431: 430: 427: 421: 420: 413: 412: 410: 409: 406: 397: 382: 369: 353: 339: 337: 331: 330: 326: 325: 323: 322: 309: 307: 301: 300: 291: 289:administration 283: 282: 280: 279: 277: 267: 265: 257: 256: 254: 253: 235: 233: 227: 226: 219: 213: 212: 205: 195: 194: 191: 185: 184: 70: 66: 65: 61: 60: 43: 35: 34: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6323: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6282: 6279: 6277: 6274: 6273: 6271: 6261: 6251: 6250: 6247: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6212: 6209: 6207: 6204: 6203: 6189: 6186: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6035: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6023: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6007:Bromocriptine 6005: 6003: 6000: 5999: 5997: 5993: 5987: 5986:Velagliflozin 5984: 5982: 5981:Tofogliflozin 5979: 5977: 5976:Sotagliflozin 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5966:Remogliflozin 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5956:Ipragliflozin 5954: 5952: 5951:Ertugliflozin 5949: 5947: 5946:Empagliflozin 5944: 5942: 5941:Dapagliflozin 5939: 5937: 5936:Canagliflozin 5934: 5933: 5931: 5929:/"gliflozins" 5928: 5924: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5904: 5902: 5900: 5896: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5866: 5864: 5862: 5858: 5855: 5851: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5830:Teneligliptin 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5763: 5752: 5749: 5746: 5743: 5740: 5736: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5728: 5724: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5703: 5700: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5690: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5674: 5672: 5670: 5666: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5633: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5583: 5580: 5579: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5545:Acetohexamide 5542: 5539: 5538: 5536: 5534: 5533:Sulfonylureas 5530: 5527: 5525: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5512:Secretagogues 5509: 5499: 5496: 5494: 5491: 5490: 5488: 5486: 5482: 5478: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5453: 5451: 5449: 5445: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5433:Rosiglitazone 5431: 5429: 5428:Rivoglitazone 5426: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5418:Netoglitazone 5416: 5414: 5413:Lobeglitazone 5411: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5362: 5360: 5358: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5345: 5341: 5334: 5330: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5293: 5282: 5279: 5278: 5276: 5274: 5273: 5268: 5261: 5257: 5254: 5251: 5247: 5243: 5240: 5239: 5237: 5235: 5231: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5219:Lente insulin 5217: 5215: 5212: 5209: 5208:+lixisenatide 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5196: 5194: 5192: 5188: 5182: 5179: 5178: 5176: 5174: 5170: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5150: 5148: 5146: 5142: 5138: 5134: 5130: 5125: 5121: 5116: 5112: 5108: 5104: 5096: 5091: 5089: 5084: 5082: 5077: 5076: 5073: 5067: 5063: 5062: 5057: 5053: 5049: 5045: 5044: 5039: 5038: 5030: 4997: 4993: 4992: 4987: 4980: 4964: 4960: 4959: 4954: 4947: 4939: 4935: 4930: 4925: 4920: 4915: 4911: 4907: 4903: 4896: 4888: 4884: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4864: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4845: 4829: 4825: 4821: 4814: 4798: 4794: 4790: 4784: 4768: 4764: 4763: 4758: 4752: 4736: 4732: 4728: 4722: 4706: 4702: 4698: 4691: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4671: 4667: 4663: 4660:(9): 102834. 4659: 4655: 4648: 4640: 4636: 4632: 4628: 4624: 4620: 4617:(6): 102539. 4616: 4612: 4604: 4588: 4584: 4580: 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2616: 2601: 2597: 2591: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2561: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2531: 2529: 2521: 2520:public domain 2502: 2498: 2496: 2490: 2484: 2482: 2480: 2478: 2476: 2474: 2472: 2470: 2468: 2466: 2464: 2462: 2460: 2458: 2456: 2454: 2445: 2441: 2436: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2404: 2396: 2392: 2387: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2339: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2300: 2293: 2291: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2265: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2241: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2209: 2205: 2198: 2190: 2186: 2181: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2149: 2147: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2121:"Wegovy EPAR" 2116: 2114: 2112: 2110: 2093: 2089: 2087: 2082: 2076: 2074: 2072: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2041: 2039: 2037: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2006: 2004: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1990: 1988: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1957: 1955: 1953: 1951: 1949: 1947: 1945: 1943: 1941: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1910: 1908: 1906: 1904: 1902: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1894: 1892: 1890: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1859: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1829: 1813: 1809: 1808: 1807:Health Canada 1803: 1797: 1781: 1777: 1776:Health Canada 1773: 1767: 1748: 1741: 1735: 1716: 1709: 1703: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1673: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1643: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1613: 1611: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1581: 1565: 1561: 1555: 1553: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1522: 1520: 1518: 1513: 1505: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1480: 1478: 1474: 1469: 1466: 1462: 1457: 1455: 1451: 1450:transaminitis 1441: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1417: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1397: 1395: 1390: 1388: 1380: 1375: 1374: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1361: 1356: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1326: 1318: 1317:2 diabetics. 1310: 1307: 1303: 1301: 1296: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1243: 1234: 1232: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1216: 1214: 1209: 1199: 1191: 1188: 1181: 1176: 1173: 1163: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1148: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1128: 1126: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1086: 1073: 1069: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1048: 1038: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1018: 1017:, in 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228: 224: 220: 218: 214: 210: 206: 204: 200: 196: 192: 190: 186: 182: 181: 168: 123: 122: 112: 71: 69:Pronunciation 67: 64:Clinical data 62: 56: 52: 47: 41: 36: 32: 27: 19: 6026:Combinations 5971:Sergliflozin 5840:Vildagliptin 5835:Trelagliptin 5815:Omarigliptin 5790:Garvagliptin 5717:Taspoglutide 5711: 5707:Orforglipron 5702:Lixisenatide 5636:Meglitinides 5591:Glibornuride 5581: 5565:Metahexamide 5560:Glycyclamide 5540: 5493:Cagrilintide 5483:analogs and 5471:Tesaglitazar 5466:Saroglitazar 5461:Muraglitazar 5438:Troglitazone 5423:Pioglitazone 5403:Darglitazone 5337:Non-insulins 5270: 5260:+semaglutide 5250:+liraglutide 5233: 5190: 5173:short-acting 5172: 5144: 5059: 5051: 5034:semaglutide 5033: 5000:. 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