818:
886:
1039:
852:
1005:
971:
954:
988:
1022:
46:
903:
869:
937:
920:
698:
835:
2775:
1277:, but did so only after appointing several new Justices to the Court. The previous service of these three were not considered for the purposes of determining seniority. This point would cause a minor controversy in 1992. During that time, it was advocated in some sectors that Herrera, as the longest serving incumbent Associate Justice, was more qualified to succeed the resigned Chief Justice
1910:. Had Santiago been appointed Chief Justice, she would have been the first person since Jose Yulo in 1942 to have been appointed Chief without serving as Associate Justice. When Justice Renato Corona assumed as Chief Justice on May 17, 2010, the most senior Associate Justice was Antonio Carpio, who was appointed to the Court in October 2001, 6 months before Corona's own appointment.
1146:"). Since the 1970s, the Supreme Court has sat in three divisions, with five Justices as members of each division. As most Supreme Court cases are decided by the division rather than the en banc, a vote of three Justices sitting in a division is usually sufficient to decide the case. However, the Constitution prescribes instances whereby a case must be decided
1288:
The incumbent
Justice with the earliest date of appointment is deemed the Senior Associate Justice. The Senior Associate Justice has no constitutional or statutory duties, but usually acts as Acting Chief Justice during the absence of the Chief Justice. The Senior Associate Justice is also usually
1253:
The
Associate Justices of the Court are usually ordered according to the date of their appointment. There are no official ramifications as to this ranking, although the order determines the seating arrangement on the bench and is duly considered in all matters of protocol. Within the discretion of
1109:
Since 1901, there has always been only one Chief
Justice. In contrast, the number of Associate Justices has wildly varied. From the original number of six (1901–1916), this was increased to eight (1916–1935), then to ten (1935–1940). During the years 1940–1945, the membership varied from five to
1889:
Another tradition, though less stringently observed, was that the most senior
Associate Justice would be appointed as Chief Justice upon a permanent vacancy to that post. Deviations from this tradition, especially in recent years, have caused some controversy. Senior Associate Justice
1175:
for the Court. Even as these decisions speak in behalf of the Court, the writer of the opinion (known as the "ponente") is strongly identified with the decision, and the body of opinions of each
Justice enhances his/her reputation. Many important opinions are analyzed in
1138:
in civil and criminal cases. The Court is also tasked with deciding administrative cases involving members and employees of the judiciary and of lawyers belonging to the
Philippine Bar. The decisions of the Court become part of the law of the land.
1886:, were incumbent Associate Justices at the time of their appointment as Chief Justice. Mapa had served as Associate Justice from 1901 to 1913, when he was appointed as Secretary of Justice. Mapa would be appointed as Chief Justice in 1920.
17:
265:
1214:
While these separate opinions do not receive as much public attention as majority opinions, they are usually studied in the legal academe and by other judges. On several occasions, views expressed in a
2779:
788:, was the first woman to sit on the court. Since then, 15 other women have been appointed as Associate Justices of the Supreme Court. The most recent woman to be appointed to the high tribunal is
1187:
Any other
Justice, whether they be in the majority or in the minority, is entitled to write a separate opinion in a case to clarify his/her views, or even to challenge the points raised in the
1285:, who was considered as the Senior Associate Justice despite having been appointed to the Court 7 years after Melencio-Herrera. President Aquino eventually appointed Narvasa over Herrera.
3229:
2053:
3155:
491:
486:
1197:, concerning the ratification of the 1973 Constitution, each Justice chose to write a separate opinion, while more recently, the 2005 decision on the Expanded VAT Law (
244:
2897:
2976:
1919:
1984:
1211:". A Justice who only partially agrees with the majority opinion while disagreeing with portions thereof may even write a "concurring and dissenting opinion".
2736:
2698:
1301:
765:
735:
1906:
was also the subject of some controversy. Puno was eventually appointed as Chief
Justice in 2006. Another contender for Chief Justice in 2006 was Senator
1529:
2702:
2033:
1497:
1369:
1110:
seven. After liberation in 1945, the number was reset to ten, and the current number of fourteen was first set in place with the enactment of the 1973
1159:
1721:
3051:"Justice Mario Villamor Lopez is sworn in as the 185th Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines | Supreme Court of the Philippines"
1593:
1198:
2951:
3099:
1126:
The cases decided by the
Supreme Court involve several classes of disputes. Most prominently, the Court is called upon to exercise the power of
1261:. President Aquino had sought to reorganize the Court by obtaining the resignation of most of the Associate Justices who had been appointed by
514:
804:
As of March 20, 2024, there are fourteen associate justices on the
Supreme Court, with the most recent appointment being that of
1879:
1099:
591:
236:
3025:
1184:
were crucial in the development of Philippine jurisprudence and are widely read and quoted nearly 70 years after they had been written.
970:
885:
817:
260:
219:
1142:
Each Justice carries one vote on the Court which they exercise whether when sitting in Division, or in the full complement of 15 (or "
3224:
728:
3188:
851:
1038:
166:
106:
75:
3165:
2756:
1004:
2923:
385:
708:
1180:
and are well-remembered long after the Justice had left the Court. For example, several of the opinions of Associate Justice
1021:
834:
609:
567:
421:
2792:
1265:, and filling those vacancies with her own choices. Eventually, Aquino chose to re-appoint three Marcos-appointed Justices:
1114:. During the first few months of the Aquino administration, ten Associate Justices sat on the Court, but the appointment of
953:
768:
presides over the high court, but carries only one of the 15 votes in the court. Traditionally, the chief justice is deemed
1067:; 40 years of age; and 15 years or more as a judge of a lower court or engaged in the practice of law in the Philippines. (
902:
868:
721:
678:
936:
2751:
987:
793:
337:
173:
160:
2984:
557:
481:
2845:
2826:
2807:
919:
626:
552:
403:
135:
2869:
2731:
761:
466:
460:
455:
325:
317:
202:
3129:
2746:
1111:
1060:
683:
537:
376:
67:
501:
59:
1312:
1072:
782:
616:
572:
562:
444:
352:
309:
126:
114:
2155:
1135:
1098:, which is accomplished through a resolution of impeachment affirmed by a 1/3 vote of all members of the
1084:
577:
542:
194:
186:
93:
36:
1870:
Only two persons appointed as Chief Justice had not previously served as Associate Justices. These were
1753:
1657:
1266:
670:
604:
599:
156:
1240:
1203:) saw 11 separate opinions. The separate opinions of a Justice in the majority is usually known as a "
1192:
3193:
2928:
1957:
1103:
621:
211:
1882:
who was appointed as Chief Justice during the Japanese period. All other Chief Justices, except for
2741:
2215:
1907:
1257:
In 1986, the order of seniority in the Court was modified upon the assumption to the presidency of
1076:
840:
280:
1115:
2276:
2256:
1705:
362:
83:
2396:
1155:
891:
285:
226:
88:
778:
2644:
2134:
1898:, was twice bypassed for Chief Justice by Marcos. More recently, in 2005, the appointment of
1833:
275:
3006:
2877:(in Filipino). Kagawaran ng Badyet at Pamamahala (Department of Budget and Management). 2018
2684:
2664:
2482:
2316:
1353:
1254:
the Court, the ranking may also factor into the composition of the divisions of the Court.
1064:
1044:
925:
805:
789:
357:
342:
295:
147:
8:
2356:
1801:
857:
1417:
2416:
2113:
1899:
1673:
1577:
1545:
1401:
1270:
1236:
1220:
1216:
1208:
1204:
770:
702:
547:
527:
328:
2841:
2822:
2803:
2603:
2502:
2010:
1891:
1871:
1641:
1385:
1337:
1292:
The following became Senior Associate Justices in their tenure in the Supreme Court:
1258:
1224:
874:
753:
290:
1433:
2623:
2563:
2073:
1895:
1769:
1737:
1625:
1609:
1262:
1188:
1172:
1131:
785:
412:
247:
222:
1513:
45:
3160:
2712:
2437:
2376:
2336:
2296:
1239:
in just 4 years. Years after his death, some of his views in dissent, such as in
1127:
1027:
993:
959:
122:
1118:
in February 1988 finally restored the number of Associate Justices at fourteen.
2543:
2522:
1883:
1817:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1228:
1181:
942:
908:
394:
2195:
1130:
of presidential or legislative actions. More often, the Court also undertakes
3218:
2761:
2583:
2462:
2175:
2093:
1850:
1481:
1010:
823:
532:
430:
347:
251:
2898:"Peace negotiator Leonen named to Supreme Court; youngest justice since '38"
2235:
1903:
1785:
1689:
1561:
1465:
1449:
1171:
As a case is decided, one justice in the majority is assigned to write the
976:
143:
3073:
1090:
Members of the Court are mandated to retire upon reaching the age of 70. (
1095:
777:
Until 1973, only men were appointed as Associate Justices to the Court.
1177:
1154:
is overturned. Each vote can be crucial, as recently shown in the 2006
2718:
Current age of living justices as of 16:41, Tuesday, October 1, 2024 (
2449:
1875:
1151:
639:
3050:
1063:, the minimum requirements for appointment to the Supreme Court are
1289:
designated as the chairperson of the second division of the Court.
1232:
632:
2895:
1165:
1147:
1143:
522:
3189:"Retired Associate Justice Hugo Gutierrez Jr. passes away at 86"
2952:"Court of Appeals Ramon Paul Hernando promoted to Supreme Court"
2871:
Direktoryo ng mga Ahensiya at Opisyal ng Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas
1207:", while one penned by a Justice in the minority is known as a "
18:
Senior Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
2774:
1054:
653:
646:
3124:
3122:
3120:
1954:
1150:, such as in declaring a law as unconstitutional or when a
3230:
Associate justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
2924:"Justice Secretary Caguioa takes oath as 174th SC justice"
2780:
Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
1223:
were adopted by the Supreme Court in later years. Justice
3117:
2896:
Patricia Denise Chiu; Mark Merueñas (November 21, 2012).
2838:
Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines Vol. III
2719:
2819:
Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines Vol. II
1981:
1920:
List of justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
3026:"Duterte appoints CA justice Zalameda to Supreme Court"
2800:
Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines Vol. I
2715:, who died on March 13, 2022, aged 80 years, 273 days.
2711:
The most recent death of a former justice was that of
3100:"JBC shortlists 7 for upcoming Supreme Court vacancy"
3007:"Metro News Today: Bersamin Is The New Chief Justice"
2977:"Javier takes oath of office as SC Associate Justice"
2737:
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
2007:
1083:) The appointment is not subject to confirmation by
1924:
1075:from a list of at least 3 nominees prepared by the
3074:"Samuel Gaerlan promoted to Supreme Court: Palace"
1102:and conviction by 2/3 vote of all members of the
758:Kasangguning Mahistrado ng Kataas-taasang Hukuman
3216:
2840:. Quezon City, Philippines: New Day Publishers.
2821:. Quezon City, Philippines: New Day Publishers.
2802:. Quezon City, Philippines: New Day Publishers.
1071:) The members of the Court are appointed by the
3156:"Ex-poll commissioner Antonio Kho gets SC post"
1971:Current oldest living former associate justice
1902:as Chief Justice over Senior Associate Justice
1094:) They may also be removed from office through
1245:were adopted by a more liberal Supreme Court.
27:Member of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
3098:Lagrimas, Nicole-Annie (September 16, 2020).
1913:
799:
729:
3186:
2921:
764:, the highest court in the Philippines. The
3072:Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (January 8, 2020).
3071:
1055:Constitutional requirements and limitations
774:("first among equals") among the justices.
736:
722:
1894:, who had emerged as a fervent critic of
1865:
1134:of decisions of the trial courts and the
811:The justices, ordered by seniority, are:
3180:
3153:
3097:
2922:Torres-Tupas, Tetch (January 27, 2016).
1248:
2835:
2816:
2797:
2757:Court of Tax Appeals of the Philippines
14:
3217:
750:associate justice of the Supreme Court
3187:Torres-Tupas, Tetch (June 12, 2013).
2949:
2124:Nineteenth chief justice (1998–2005)
1121:
3154:Alimario, Anjo (February 23, 2022).
3023:
2752:Court of Appeals of the Philippines
1793:November 13, 2003–December 7, 2006
1713:October 11, 1994–December 13, 1995
794:Court of Appeals of the Philippines
760:) is one of fifteen members of the
24:
3065:
2427:de Jure 24th chief justice (2018)
1825:November 6, 2009–October 26, 2019
1809:December 7, 2006–November 6, 2009
1729:December 13, 1995–August 22, 1997
25:
3241:
2767:
1777:August 1, 1999–November 13, 2003
1745:August 22, 1997–October 13, 1998
136:Vice President of the Philippines
3225:Supreme Court of the Philippines
2773:
2732:Supreme Court of the Philippines
1925:Living former associate justices
1761:October 13, 1998–August 1, 1999
1697:March 31, 1993–October 11, 1994
1242:Moncado v. People's Court (1948)
1231:views were out of sync with the
1194:Javellana v. Executive Secretary
1037:
1020:
1003:
986:
969:
952:
935:
918:
901:
884:
867:
850:
833:
816:
696:
318:Supreme Court of the Philippines
44:
3147:
3091:
2950:Punay, Edu (October 11, 2018).
2747:Constitution of the Philippines
2634:26th chief justice (2019–2021)
2533:25th chief justice (2018–2019)
2246:22nd chief justice (2006–2010)
2145:20th chief justice (2005–2007)
1874:, the first Chief Justice, and
68:Constitution of the Philippines
3043:
3017:
2999:
2969:
2943:
2915:
2889:
2862:
1841:October 26, 2019–May 14, 2022
1200:Abakada v. Executive Secretary
13:
1:
3024:Buan, Lian (August 5, 2019).
2786:
2672:72 years, 111 days
2652:72 years, 140 days
2631:72 years, 188 days
2611:72 years, 266 days
2571:74 years, 143 days
2551:74 years, 341 days
2530:74 years, 349 days
2470:75 years, 270 days
2445:75 years, 273 days
2424:75 years, 359 days
2344:77 years, 277 days
2324:78 years, 170 days
2304:80 years, 132 days
2284:83 years, 104 days
2264:83 years, 287 days
2243:84 years, 137 days
2223:84 years, 362 days
2203:85 years, 143 days
2183:85 years, 228 days
2163:86 years, 216 days
2142:87 years, 299 days
2121:88 years, 286 days
2081:90 years, 323 days
2061:91 years, 179 days
2021:92 years, 233 days
1968:96 years, 349 days
1267:Ameurfina A. Melencio-Herrera
2692:64 years, 91 days
2591:74 years, 13 days
2490:75 years, 64 days
2404:76 years, 54 days
2384:77 years, 49 days
2364:77 years, 87 days
2101:90 years, 78 days
2041:92 years, 50 days
1878:, the former Speaker of the
1681:May 11, 1992–March 31, 1993
115:President of the Philippines
7:
3130:"NEW JUDICIAL APPOINTMENTS"
2836:Sevilla, Victor J. (1985).
2817:Sevilla, Victor J. (1985).
2798:Sevilla, Victor J. (1985).
2793:The Supreme Court E-library
2725:
2510:75 years, 5 days
2417:Teresita Leonardo-de Castro
2156:Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez
1995:93 years, 6 days
1665:April 2, 1987–May 11, 1992
195:Congress of the Philippines
37:Politics of the Philippines
10:
3246:
2717:
1917:
1914:List of associate justices
1658:Ameurfina Melencio-Herrera
800:Current associate justices
792:, a former justice of the
377:Constitutional commissions
3194:Philippine Daily Inquirer
2929:Philippine Daily Inquirer
1958:Regino C. Hermosisima Jr.
266:Party-list representation
2855:
2742:Judicial and Bar Council
2216:Consuelo Ynares-Santiago
1908:Miriam Defensor Santiago
1880:House of Representatives
1834:Estela M. Perlas-Bernabe
1323:Senior Associate Justice
1100:House of Representatives
1077:Judicial and Bar Council
1065:natural born citizenship
1015:since September 27, 2021
841:Alfredo Benjamin Caguioa
592:Administrative divisions
386:Civil Service Commission
237:House of Representatives
2665:Edgardo L. Delos Santos
2277:Conchita Carpio-Morales
2257:Alicia Austria-Martinez
1706:Florentino P. Feliciano
1626:Enrique M. Fernando Sr.
1069:sec. 7(1), Article VIII
1032:since February 23, 2022
828:since November 11, 2012
757:
422:Commission on Elections
3078:Philippine News Agency
2397:Presbitero Velasco Jr.
1866:Becoming chief justice
1802:Leonardo A. Quisumbing
1754:Flerida Ruth P. Romero
1271:Hugo E. Gutierrez, Jr.
1191:. In the 1973 case of
981:since January 26, 2021
930:since December 5, 2019
913:since December 5, 2019
892:Henri Jean Paul Inting
845:since January 22, 2016
703:Philippines portal
2645:Estela Perlas-Bernabe
2135:Artemio V. Panganiban
1985:Minerva Gonzaga-Reyes
1859:May 14, 2022–present
1642:Claudio Teehankee Sr.
1578:Querube C. Makalintal
1546:Roberto R. Concepcion
1249:The rule of seniority
1164:), which was decided
1116:Carolina Griño-Aquino
1092:sec. 11, Article VIII
964:since October 8, 2020
947:since January 8, 2020
862:since August 27, 2018
358:Regional Trial Courts
276:Bangsamoro Parliament
167:Executive departments
3134:jbc.judiciary.gov.ph
3013:. November 28, 2018.
2981:Manila Bulletin News
2782:at Wikimedia Commons
2685:Maria Lourdes Sereno
2483:Mariano del Castillo
2317:Martin Villarama Jr.
1482:Ricardo M. Paras Jr.
1354:Elias Finley Johnson
1235:era, wrote over 140
1081:sec. 9, Article VIII
1045:Maria Filomena Singh
806:Maria Filomena Singh
790:Maria Filomena Singh
343:Court of Tax Appeals
2588:September 18, 1950
2564:Andres B. Reyes Jr.
2507:September 26, 1949
2357:Bienvenido L. Reyes
2074:Josue N. Bellosillo
2034:Santiago M. Kapunan
1992:September 25, 1931
1770:Josue N. Bellosillo
1738:Florenz D. Regalado
1498:Felicisimo R. Feria
1300: Appointed as
1237:dissenting opinions
1156:People's Initiative
879:since March 6, 2019
858:Ramon Paul Hernando
779:Cecilia Muñoz-Palma
404:Commission on Audit
3053:. December 5, 2019
3011:League Online News
2438:Samuel R. Martires
2341:December 29, 1946
2261:December 19, 1940
2180:February 16, 1939
2160:February 28, 1938
2118:December 20, 1935
2114:Hilario Davide Jr.
2078:November 13, 1933
2054:Vicente V. Mendoza
2018:February 11, 1932
1900:Artemio Panganiban
1722:Teodoro R. Padilla
1674:Hugo Gutierrez Jr.
1434:José P. Laurel Sr.
1402:Antonio Villa-Real
1221:concurring opinion
1209:dissenting opinion
1205:concurring opinion
1161:Lambino v. COMELEC
1152:judicial precedent
1122:Official functions
1049:since May 18, 2022
998:since July 2, 2021
896:since May 27, 2019
781:, an appointee of
771:primus inter pares
610:Autonomous regions
329:Alexander Gesmundo
291:Municipal councils
3168:on March 18, 2022
2987:on March 27, 2019
2778:Media related to
2709:
2708:
2604:Rosmari Carandang
2548:October 26, 1949
2527:October 18, 1949
2503:Francis Jardeleza
2139:December 7, 1936
2011:Bernardo P. Pardo
1965:October 18, 1927
1892:Claudio Teehankee
1872:Cayetano Arellano
1863:
1862:
1818:Antonio T. Carpio
1530:Sabino B. Padilla
1386:George A. Malcolm
1338:Florentino Torres
1311: Elected as
1283:Andres R. Narvasa
1279:Marcelo B. Fernan
1275:Nestor B. Alampay
1259:Corazon C. Aquino
1225:Gregorio Perfecto
1061:1987 Constitution
875:Amy Lazaro-Javier
808:on May 18, 2022.
796:on May 18, 2022.
746:
745:
679:Foreign relations
515:Political parties
296:Barangay councils
281:Provincial boards
16:(Redirected from
3237:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3164:. Archived from
3151:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3126:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3095:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3069:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3021:
3015:
3014:
3003:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2992:
2983:. Archived from
2973:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2947:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2936:
2919:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2908:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2882:
2876:
2866:
2851:
2832:
2813:
2777:
2624:Diosdado Peralta
2608:January 9, 1952
2467:January 5, 1949
2442:January 2, 1949
2421:October 8, 1948
2381:August 13, 1947
2220:October 5, 1939
2176:Adolfo S. Azcuna
2038:August 12, 1932
2015:
2014:
2013:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1929:
1928:
1896:Ferdinand Marcos
1610:Fred Ruiz Castro
1562:Jose B. L. Reyes
1514:CĂ©sar F. Bengzon
1418:José Abad Santos
1370:Thomas A. Street
1317:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1299:
1298:
1263:Ferdinand Marcos
1227:, whose staunch
1189:majority opinion
1173:majority opinion
1168:by an 8–7 vote.
1136:Court of Appeals
1132:appellate review
1041:
1024:
1007:
990:
973:
956:
939:
922:
905:
888:
871:
854:
837:
820:
786:Ferdinand Marcos
738:
731:
724:
701:
700:
699:
413:Gamaliel Cordoba
363:Barangay justice
338:Court of Appeals
248:Martin Romualdez
223:Francis Escudero
174:Local government
48:
32:
31:
21:
3245:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3199:
3197:
3185:
3181:
3171:
3169:
3161:CNN Philippines
3152:
3148:
3138:
3136:
3128:
3127:
3118:
3108:
3106:
3096:
3092:
3082:
3080:
3070:
3066:
3056:
3054:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3034:
3032:
3022:
3018:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2990:
2988:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2960:
2958:
2948:
2944:
2934:
2932:
2920:
2916:
2906:
2904:
2902:GMA News Online
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3211:
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3192:
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3166:the original
3159:
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3139:November 17,
3137:. Retrieved
3133:
3107:. Retrieved
3103:
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3081:. Retrieved
3077:
3067:
3055:. Retrieved
3045:
3033:. Retrieved
3029:
3019:
3010:
3001:
2989:. Retrieved
2985:the original
2980:
2971:
2959:. Retrieved
2956:philstar.com
2955:
2945:
2933:. Retrieved
2927:
2917:
2905:. Retrieved
2901:
2891:
2881:February 16,
2879:. Retrieved
2870:
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2679:
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2452:since 2018.
2432:
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2236:Reynato Puno
2230:
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2190:
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2108:
2088:
2068:
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2028:
2002:
1976:
1949:
1904:Reynato Puno
1888:
1869:
1849:
1466:Roman Ozaeta
1291:
1287:
1256:
1252:
1241:
1213:
1199:
1193:
1186:
1170:
1160:
1141:
1125:
1112:Constitution
1108:
1091:
1089:
1080:
1068:
1058:
977:Jhosep Lopez
810:
803:
776:
769:
749:
747:
684:Human rights
652:
645:
638:
631:
548:Nacionalista
465:
429:Chairperson
420:
411:Chairperson
402:
393:Chairperson
384:
316:
235:
210:
193:
144:Sara Duterte
134:
113:
66:
29:
2961:October 23,
1938:Life dates
1537:1961– 1964
1229:libertarian
1178:law schools
1096:impeachment
926:Mario Lopez
502:Referendums
227:Independent
187:Legislature
89:Legal codes
3219:Categories
3109:October 9,
3083:January 8,
2787:References
1649:1979–1987
1633:1976–1979
1617:1975–1976
1601:1973–1975
1585:1972–1973
1569:1966–1972
1553:1964–1966
1521:1953–1961
1505:1951–1953
1489:1950–1951
1473:1945–1950
1457:1942–1945
1441:1941–1942
1425:1940–1941
1409:1936–1940
1393:1936–1936
1377:1933–1935
1361:1920–1933
1345:1901–1920
1217:dissenting
1059:Under the
640:Poblacions
60:Government
3172:March 16,
3035:August 5,
2991:March 26,
2450:Ombudsman
1876:Jose Yulo
1313:President
1073:President
783:President
633:Barangays
617:Provinces
478:Barangay
445:Elections
353:Ombudsman
310:Judiciary
261:Districts
220:President
107:Executive
2935:April 1,
2726:See also
2696:de facto
1935:Justice
1233:Cold War
1085:Congress
754:Filipino
452:General
94:Taxation
3200:July 4,
3057:May 29,
3030:Rappler
2907:June 7,
1329:Tenure
1166:en banc
1148:en banc
1144:en banc
605:Regions
600:Capital
568:Reporma
543:Liberal
523:Akbayan
245:Speaker
157:Cabinet
2844:
2825:
2806:
2701:(2012–
1944:Notes
1158:case (
1104:Senate
654:Puroks
647:Sitios
622:Cities
528:Aksyon
212:Senate
2875:(PDF)
2856:Notes
1932:Rank
1308:*
1297:*
1281:than
533:Lakas
252:Lakas
161:lists
3202:2013
3174:2022
3141:2021
3111:2020
3085:2020
3059:2020
3037:2019
2993:2019
2963:2018
2937:2016
2909:2020
2883:2021
2842:ISBN
2823:ISBN
2804:ISBN
2703:2018
1941:Age
1856:2012
1838:2011
1822:2001
1806:1998
1790:1993
1774:1992
1758:1991
1742:1988
1726:1987
1710:1986
1694:1986
1646:1968
1630:1967
1614:1966
1598:1962
1582:1962
1566:1954
1550:1954
1534:1945
1518:1945
1502:1945
1486:1941
1470:1941
1454:1938
1438:1936
1422:1932
1406:1925
1390:1917
1374:1917
1358:1903
1342:1901
1273:and
492:2023
487:2018
482:2013
467:2025
461:2022
456:2019
84:Laws
2720:UTC
2680:181
2660:157
2640:156
2619:155
2599:153
2579:150
2559:148
2539:144
2518:143
2498:142
2478:141
2458:137
2433:136
2412:134
2392:129
2372:123
2352:121
2332:115
2312:111
1320:No.
1219:or
1079:. (
748:An
578:UNA
573:PDP
563:PFP
558:NUP
553:NPC
538:LDP
148:HNP
127:PFP
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