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reliable and independent source of information and “had acquired the reputation of being more independent and more reliable than most of the other available sources” (Wagner, 5). Chinese officials considered foreign journalists to be “infinitely more credible, reliable and honest than their own countrymen”. (Wagner, 19) Major specifically adopted an editorial policy geared toward improving China's long-term growth and development.
2296:, "about a block away from the Central Police Station." In its early period, it had eight pages, with news, essays, and advertisements as well as imperial decrees and memorials. "Because the editorial policies followed the principle of 'reporting whatever possible and letting the readers determine the truth,' many interesting but unfounded rumors were often included as news." After 1905, it increased its size to 20 pages.
2345:, and it became a moderately liberal newspaper that strongly supported the constitutional movement. "It had the following sections: editorials, international news, domestical news, local news, industry and trade, law and society, sports and education, literature and art, and advertisements. In addition to reporting important political news stories, it had many special columns and supplements such as
2284:)"; it quickly established a reputation as one of the best in China, coming under Chinese ownership in 1909, and by the early 20th century was printing 30,000 copies a day, 9,000 circulated in Shanghai and the rest elsewhere in China. "By the early 1920s its circulation was 50,000; by the end of the decade 100,000; and by the mid 1930s, 150,000."
2220:
in charge of running the business and let
Chinese editors pick news items and write editorials. These two methods proved very effective. While the Chinese compradors used their knowledge of and connections with the local community to raise circulation and attract advertisements, they kept the price
2432:
wrote in 1940: "A fluent
Chinese linguist, Allman reads every story that goes into Shun Pao, writes editorials, corrects editorials written by staff members. He serves without pay." The paper was on bad terms with the Japanese, and in 1940 a Chinese assistant editor was killed and his head left on
2252:
played a pivotal role in the formation of public opinion in the late 19th century. An example is its campaign in its first years against the new practice of employing young women as waitress in opium dens, which "blurred the demarcation line between acceptable and unacceptable practices by putting
2202:
which was completely separate from the Qing court and foreign consulate. The freedom of press granted in the
International Settlement in Shanghai was “even greater than that enjoyed by British papers in London itself”. (Wagner, 4) Because of this lack of state regulation, Shen Bao was considered a
2440:. (MacKinnon, 11) Allman had control over the paper until December 1941 when it was seized by the Japanese on the ground that it was an American company. Allman had incorporated it as an American company purposefully to limit his financial liability. (Chin, 5). The Japanese appointed Chen Binhe (
2263:
also reflected the changing attitudes towards women as a new audience group - how the newspaper “described them in advertisements, editorials ad news reports”. Women became a group that could be considered: adverts were directed at the feminine reading public. Newspaper was able to address women
2376:
in igniting revolutionary and nationalist sentiments; however, it is generally regarded that “newspapers at most echoed, rather than produced, revolutionary or national feelings. Instead of making revolutions, it was made by them” (Judge 247). “ was not merely a record of what happened but and
2215:
Major differentiated himself from other foreign newspaper publishers in two areas. First, from the outset, he made it clear that the new newspaper would be for
Chinese readers, and thus that it would emphasize news and issues of interest to Chinese, not foreigners. Secondly, he put Chinese
2446:), a former Shen bao editor-in-chief who gained the trust of the Japanese, as the new president of Shen bao. (Chin, 6) “As a result, Shen bao became a mouthpiece and propaganda tool for mobilizing the Chinese masses politically, economically, and culturally for total war” (Chin, 9).
2302:
also became a conduit between the high and low society, connecting the two in a way that was largely unprecedented. The court was the loudest and most continuous voice in the public sphere and continued to be with the publication of newspapers. The court had a specific section called
2453:
the paper passed into the hands of collaborators with the
Japanese occupation, but after the war Pan Gongzhan, an influential Kuomintang party official who had been an editor on the paper in the late 1920s, became its publisher and Chen Shunyü its chief editor. In May 1949, when the
2398:
fulfilled the following government requests: First, stop publishing editorials about the government's “bandit suppression” campaigns, dismiss three of the most critical editorial writers, and allow the government to appoint a new member to the editorial staff. (Mackinnon, 16).
3090:
2393:
and other newspapers were frequently censored using postal bans for one day when they criticized government policy too strongly. Most of the time this was an effective enough deterrent, however, in July 1932, a warning was sent that the postal ban would not be lifted until
2341:'s constitutionalist slogans on New Year's Day; in 1907 it was sold to Xi Zipei (1867–1929), its former comprador, who "owned Shanghai's best-capitalized publishing operation, Zhongguo tushu gongsi (Chinese Library Company)" and was under the influence of
2211:
frequently published the essays of great reformist publicist Liang Qichao who has been “hailed as the father of modern
Chinese journalism”. Although he did not invent the new newspaper style in the 1890s, he is said to have perfected it. (Judge, 235)
3059:
2311:, a government approved set of public communications posted on boards in front of the government. Guanbao became the preferred method of communication and increased communication between high and low. (Wagner, 11)
2206:
To further grow the business and establish itself as a “public forum in China” Shen Bao regularly reprinted essays from
Xunhuan ribao in Hong Kong and the Jingbao announcements from the government. Furthermore,
2187:. He was committed to bettering China by adopting Western Institutions and running a profitable business. When Major returned to England in 1889, the newspaper was reorganized and owned by Major Company Limited.
2318:
allowed “those below” to speak out about their opinions and criticism anonymously or in person. The publication of
Jingbao gave a platform for public discussion of important issues between classes.
2615:
2566:
1275:
2183:
was one of the first modern
Chinese newspapers. Major's Chinese language skills had been considered "legendary" and with the investment of four other Britons, he began managing
2726:
2253:
waitresses in the ambiguous position of implicitly providing sex services in the opium dens. Worse still, the opium dens embracing this practice were mostly located in the
2799:
2257:, connecting the issue to the presence of foreigners in Shanghai." As a result of the uproar, the practice was banned (although in practice not eradicated).
2410:, its owner and editor-in-chief, was mysteriously assassinated on the Shanghai-Hangchow Highway"; responsibility for his murder has been attributed to the
2426:(1893–1987), an American lawyer who had been U.S. Consul in Shanghai in the early 1920s, was asked by the paper's Chinese owners to take over as editor;
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The newspaper "innovated in printing technology, the use of the telegraph, the employment of a military correspondent (sent to cover the
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1320:
2198:, it was subject to fewer regulations compared to many other Chinese newspapers. The International Settlement was governed by the
3106:
2520:
2008:
2632:
Dates from
Roberta Wue, "The Profits of Philanthropy: Relief Aid, Shenbao, and the Art World in Later 19th-century Shanghai,"
3116:
3038:
1863:
2333:
was founded as a commercial newspaper, and politically it remained conservative for its first three decades, supporting the
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1886:
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directly but also prescribed new feminine roles. This new role gave rise to the acceptance of public female schooling.
2406:
In 1934, the newspaper "incurred the government's anger because of its strong anti-Japanese attitude. On November 13,
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published multiple editorials from opposite ends of the spectrum - sometimes even within the same issue. (Wagner, 19)
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Lee-hsia Hsu Ting, Government Control of the Press in Modern China, 1900-1949 (Harvard University Asia Center, 1975:
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a part of the commercialization of the Chinese press in the 1930s that prioritized advertising and mass circulation.
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After the murder of Shih Liang-ts'ai, the paper lost circulation and became less radical in its criticism of the
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Chinese Professionals and the Republican State: The Rise of Professional Associations in Shanghai, 1912-1937
2622:(What does "bring a sheet of Shen Pao paper mean"?), Shanghai Municipal Archives (re-published by EastDay).
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of the paper lower than that of its competitor. Simultaneously, Chinese editors did a better job of making
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2353:. "In the 1930s, Shi was a strong supporter of the Human Rights Defence Alliance established by Madam
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Carl Crow, a Tough Old China Hand: The Life, Times, and Adventures of an American in Shanghai
2660:
Historicizing Online Politics: Telegraphy, the Internet, and Political Participation in China
2002:
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out of business and become the only Chinese newspaper in Shanghai until the appearance of
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1996:
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Joining the Global Public: Word, Image, and City in Early Chinese Newspapers, 1870–1910
2901:
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Shanghai's Lens on the News (text and translations) on MIT Visualizing Cultures website
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2349:(free discussion), automobile, education and life." In 1912 control was transferred to
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Recasting the Chinese Novel: Ernest Major's Shenbao Publishing House (1872-1890)
2171:, literally "Shen-pao paper", became a generic term for newspaper or newsprint.
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Fin-de-siècle Splendor: Repressed Modernities of Late Qing Fiction, 1849–1911
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The influence of the newspaper in early 20th century Shanghai was such that
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The Cambridge History of China, Vol. 13: Republican China 1912-1949, Part 2
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1974:
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The Saoye shanfang of Suzhou and Shanghai: An Evolution in Five Stages
2481:
since November 1872. The magazine printed fiction, essays and poetry.
247:
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225:
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2179:
Founded by Ernest Major (1841–1908), a British businessman, in 1872,
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government. In 1905 it began to change its orientation, quoting
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1968:
1219:
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957:
876:
108:
31:
2858:
Cheers for favorite old bars and some newbies in Tongren Road
2727:
Missionary Education Movement of the United States and Canada
2473:
Ernest Major's brother Frederick founded a literary magazine
2153:
821:
2461:
There is a complete collection of the paper's issues in the
1795:
501:
3010:
International Newspaper Librarianship for the 21st Century
2800:
Gutenberg in Shanghai: Chinese Print Capitalism, 1876-1937
2477:(瀛寰瑣記; "Random Sketches of the World"), published by the
99:
Jiang Zhixiang, He Guisheng, Qian Xinbo, Huang Shiquan
319:
305:
291:
277:
2488:
2325:
2225:appeal to Chinese readers' taste. Within one year,
1276:
Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress
3098:
2927:Spymaster: Dai Li and the Chinese Secret Service
2521:History of newspapers and magazines § China
3093:(International Coalition on Newspapers) listing
2825:China in Revolution: The First Phase, 1900-1913
2753:Shanghai: Collision Point of Cultures 1918-1939
2591:Chinese History: A Manual, Revised and Enlarged
2292:(MacKinnon, 9) The paper's offices were in the
2372:There is some scholarly debate of the role of
2441:
2357:, the second wife of revolutionary leader Dr
2084:
1510:Hong Kong Alliance of Chinese and Expatriates
242:
223:
2458:took Shanghai, the newspaper was shut down.
2418:'s much-feared secret police. In 1938, with
2267:
2091:
2077:
1553:Yuen Long Tin Shui Wai Democratic Alliance
1362:Hong Kong and Kowloon Trades Union Council
2244:
1286:Hong Kong Federation of Education Workers
2433:the street as a warning to journalists.
2276:in Vietnam in 1884), and the use of the
1321:New Territories Association of Societies
2929:(University of California Press, 2003:
2645:Chinese History Research Site at UCSD,
2593:(Harvard University Asia Center, 2000:
1420:Republic of China (Taiwan, pro-Beijing)
14:
3099:
3021:
2412:Bureau of Investigation and Statistics
2403:fulfilled all but the latter request.
2009:World League for Freedom and Democracy
1733:People's Republic of China (Mainland)
3132:Defunct newspapers published in China
2845:Chinese History Research Site at UCSD
2773:Chinese History Research Site at UCSD
2380:
2053:People's Republic of China portal
1242:People's Republic of China (Mainland)
995:People's Republic of China (Mainland)
3053:
2468:
1560:Republic of China (Taiwan, pan-Blue)
1397:Republic of China (Taiwan, pan-Blue)
1291:Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions
1281:Federation of Public Housing Estates
1144:Republic of China (Taiwan, pan-Blue)
3122:Publications disestablished in 1949
2987:(Cambridge University Press, 2001:
2966:(Hong Kong University Press, 2007:
2951:Foreign News: New Order in Shanghai
2908:(Cambridge University Press, 1986:
2803:(University of Hawaii Press, 2004:
2194:was based and published out of the
1706:Institute of Revolutionary Practice
1431:Chinese Unification Promotion Party
1266:Business and Professionals Alliance
24:
3031:State University of New York Press
3006:Newspapers in the Shanghai Library
2662:(Stanford University Press, 2006:
1887:Conservative localism in Hong Kong
25:
3153:
3084:
2534:Shanghai Evening Post and Mercury
2326:Political affiliation and effects
2196:Shanghai International Settlement
1573:Republic of China (Taiwan, other)
1448:Republic of China (Taiwan, other)
3112:Newspapers published in Shanghai
2788:" ; Xi's name in Chinese is 希子佩.
2505:
2491:
2289:
2126:), officially transliterated as
2058:
2046:
2034:
2022:
101:
89:
45:
30:For the Chinese automobile, see
3127:1949 disestablishments in China
3047:
3015:
2998:
2977:
2956:
2940:
2919:
2891:
2874:
2850:
2838:
2814:
2791:
2778:
2766:
2745:
2732:
2420:the city under Japanese control
2148:published from 1872 to 1949 in
937:Republic of China (before 1949)
3107:Newspapers established in 1872
2827:(Yale University Press, 1971:
2712:
2699:
2686:
2673:
2652:
2639:
2626:
2604:
2583:
2442:
2377:ingredient in the happening”.
2122:
2113:
1940:Three Principles of the People
1515:Hong Kong Progressive Alliance
320:
306:
292:
278:
243:
224:
13:
1:
2681:Historicizing Online Politics
2577:
2385:Due to the surveillance from
1535:Progressive Hong Kong Society
1520:Liberal Democratic Federation
1500:Co-operative Resources Centre
717:Republic of China (1912-1949)
3117:1872 establishments in China
2636:25 (June 2004), pp. 187-211.
2174:
2041:Republic of China portal
1505:Federation for the Stability
1441:Patriot Alliance Association
27:Newspaper in Shanghai, China
7:
2484:
2307:which were a print form of
1584:The Motorists' Party of ROC
1390:United Citizens Association
1385:New Macau Development Union
732:Self-Strengthening Movement
656:Empire of China (1915–1916)
10:
3158:
2856:Patsy Yang and Jolin Ng, "
2784:Dates from Ellen Widmer, "
2723:New Life Currents in China
2200:Shanghai Municipal Council
1864:Taiwan (Republic of China)
1761:Republic of China (Taiwan)
29:
3065:Stanford University Press
2573:2015.1, pp. 171–289.
2555:Deutsche Shanghai Zeitung
2548:Shanghai Jewish Chronicle
2268:Impact on Chinese society
1992:History of the Kuomintang
1403:Chinese Nationalist Party
1326:Politihk Social Strategic
331:
313:
299:
285:
271:
264:
259:
255:
236:
217:
213:
206:
180:
160:
150:
140:
122:
84:
76:
61:
53:
44:
2847:, Miscellaneous Sources.
2775:, Miscellaneous Sources.
2541:Der Ostasiatischer Lloyd
2456:People's Liberation Army
2294:International Settlement
2156:. The name is short for
1905:Authoritarian capitalism
1296:Kowloon West New Dynamic
219:Traditional Chinese
40:Shanghai News (Shen Pao)
2029:Conservatism portal
1658:Classic of Filial Piety
1579:Congress Party Alliance
1548:123 Democratic Alliance
1494:Hong Kong (pro-Beijing)
1260:Hong Kong (pro-Beijing)
1248:Chinese Communist Party
1023:Hong Kong (pro-Beijing)
632:Chinese economic reform
238:Simplified Chinese
128:; 152 years ago
2565:Catherine Vance Yeh, "
2527:North China Daily News
2245:Role in public opinion
2138:, known in English as
1925:Party-state capitalism
1876:Variants and movements
1768:Chung T'ien Television
1672:The Revolutionary Army
1665:Farewell to Revolution
1525:New Hong Kong Alliance
739:White Terror in Taiwan
712:Project National Glory
168:; 75 years ago
3137:Conservatism in China
2925:Frederic E. Wakeman,
2797:Christopher A. Reed,
2729:, 1919), pp. 162-163.
2647:Miscellaneous Sources
2571:Transcultural Studies
2003:Taiwanese nationalism
1436:For Public Good Party
1380:Macau-Guangdong Union
695:Martial law in Taiwan
351:Conservatism in China
57:Commercial Newspaper
2821:Mary Clabaugh Wright
2589:Endymion Wilkinson,
2065:Hong Kong portal
1930:Carl Schmitt Thought
1601:Pro-Kuomintang camp
1343:Hong Kong (centrist)
485:Imperial examination
3055:Wang, David Der-wei
2719:Mary Ninde Gamewell
2634:Late Imperial China
2610:蔣遵和 (Jiang Zunhe),
1997:Liberalism in China
1920:Hui pan-nationalism
1716:Western Hills Group
1696:Confucius Institute
1691:Blue Shirts Society
1542:Hong Kong (pro-ROC)
1375:Alliance for Change
1369:Macau (pro-Beijing)
1356:Hong Kong (pro-ROC)
1121:Macau (pro-Beijing)
727:Tongzhi Restoration
413:Neoauthoritarianism
141:Political alignment
41:
3142:Conservative media
2902:Albert Feuerwerker
2863:2011-07-16 at the
2751:Harriet Sergeant,
2618:2014-11-29 at the
2381:End of publication
1950:Xi Jinping Thought
1899:Related ideologies
1833:Central Daily News
1530:Professional Forum
1466:Historical parties
1413:People First Party
1349:Professional Power
1311:New People's Party
1150:Chiang (Ching-kuo)
943:Chiang (Ching-kuo)
685:Manchu Restoration
673:Hua–Yi distinction
644:Dynasties of China
162:Ceased publication
126:30 April 1872
38:申報 (formerly 申江新報）
37:
3040:978-0-7914-7117-3
3023:Wagner, Rudolf G.
2953:," July 29, 1940.
2513:Journalism portal
2469:Literary magazine
2288:was also notably
2255:French Concession
2101:
2100:
1935:State nationalism
1803:United Daily News
1621:Pro-Beijing camp
1605:Republic of China
1472:Progressive Party
1454:Young China Party
1426:Chinese New Party
1408:Chinese New Party
1306:New Century Forum
1155:Chiang (Kai-shek)
948:Chiang (Kai-shek)
722:Shanghai massacre
707:New Life Movement
627:Chinese Civil War
547:Mandate of Heaven
465:Ancestral worship
386:Dai Jitao Thought
335:
334:
327:
326:
266:Standard Mandarin
202:
201:
109:Republic of China
16:(Redirected from
3149:
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3019:
3013:
3002:
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2923:
2917:
2898:John K. Fairbank
2895:
2889:
2878:
2872:
2871:, July 13, 2009.
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2463:Shanghai Library
2445:
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2408:Shih Liang-ts'ai
2158:Shenjiang Xinbao
2124:
2115:
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2027:
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1945:Three Represents
1789:Commercial Times
1775:China Television
1566:Republican Party
1477:Republican Party
1215:Soong (Mei-ling)
1104:Tsang (Yok-sing)
666:Tributary system
376:Communitarianism
352:
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3033:. p. 51.
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48:
43:
33:
19:
3058:
3049:
3026:
3017:
3009:
3000:
2984:
2983:Xiaoqun Xu,
2979:
2963:
2958:
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2942:
2926:
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2893:
2876:
2868:
2852:
2840:
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2539:
2532:
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2499:China portal
2478:
2474:
2472:
2460:
2451:World War II
2448:
2435:
2427:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2384:
2373:
2371:
2351:Shi Liangcai
2346:
2339:Liang Qichao
2330:
2329:
2319:
2315:
2313:
2308:
2304:
2299:
2298:
2285:
2281:
2271:
2260:
2259:
2249:
2248:
2238:
2237:in 1876 and
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2214:
2208:
2205:
2191:
2189:
2184:
2180:
2178:
2169:Shen Bao zhi
2168:
2166:
2157:
2140:
2139:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2127:
2121:
2104:
2103:
2102:
1967:
1839:
1838:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1739:Global Times
1732:
1731:
1670:
1663:
1656:
1649:
1572:
1571:
1559:
1558:
1541:
1540:
1493:
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1446:
1419:
1418:
1396:
1395:
1368:
1367:
1355:
1354:
1342:
1341:
1316:New Prospect
1259:
1258:
1241:
1240:
1143:
1142:
1120:
1119:
1079:Lee (Starry)
1022:
1021:
994:
993:
936:
935:
898:
897:
802:Jiang (Qing)
636:
591:
572:Social order
567:Sinocentrism
562:Sinicization
522:Filial piety
470:Asian values
428:Confucianism
273:Hanyu Pinyin
207:
187:, Shanghai,
181:Headquarters
145:Conservatism
97:Qing dynasty
80:Ernest Major
67:Shi Liangcai
2738:Wilkinson,
2705:Wilkinson,
2692:Wilkinson,
2363:Cai Yuanpei
2359:Sun Yat-sen
1980:Han Chinese
1782:China Times
1701:Group of 89
1487:Unity Party
1271:Civil Force
1132:Ho (Edmund)
1054:Ip (Regina)
1029:Chan (Gary)
963:Hu (Hanmin)
953:Dai (Jitao)
894:Politicians
587:Technocracy
577:Sovereignty
552:Meritocracy
532:Irredentism
517:Familialism
480:Bureaucracy
396:Nationalist
189:Qing empire
113:Zhang Yunhe
111:Chen Leng,
3101:Categories
2995:), p. 171.
2974:), p. 212.
2916:), p. 144.
2835:), p. 157.
2811:), p. 174.
2763:), p. 162.
2601:), p. 967.
2578:References
2438:Kuomintang
2343:Zhang Jian
2278:vernacular
2218:compradors
2005:(opposing)
1999:(opposing)
1975:Falun Gong
1644:Literature
1331:Roundtable
1074:Lee (John)
910:Emperor Wu
557:Patriotism
459:Principles
391:Monarchism
360:Ideologies
315:Wade–Giles
173:1949-05-27
133:1872-04-30
77:Founder(s)
3012:, p. 173.
3004:Min Wu, "
2888:), p. 97.
2742:, p. 995.
2709:, p. 968.
2696:, p. 967.
2670:), p. 45.
2347:ziyou tan
2241:in 1882.
2175:Formation
2146:newspaper
1859:Hong Kong
1853:By region
1746:Hong Kong
1711:Want Want
1625:Hong Kong
1615:Hong Kong
1596:Alliances
930:Duke Zhou
905:Duke Shao
772:Confucius
582:Tradition
527:Hierarchy
475:Authority
371:Chiangism
185:Songjiang
3057:(1997).
3025:(2007).
2904:, eds.,
2861:Archived
2683:, p. 50.
2616:Archived
2485:See also
2479:Shen Bao
2401:Shen Bao
2396:Shen Bao
2391:Shen Bao
2374:Shen Bao
2331:Shen Bao
2320:Shen Bao
2316:Shen Bao
2300:Shen Bao
2286:Shen Bao
2261:Shen Bao
2250:Shen Bao
2229:had put
2227:Shen Bao
2223:Shen Bao
2209:Shen Bao
2192:Shen Bao
2190:Because
2185:Shen Bao
2181:Shen Bao
2150:Shanghai
2144:, was a
2135:Shen-pao
2129:Shun Pao
2123:Shēn Bào
2105:Shen Bao
1840:Shen Bao
1811:Overseas
1651:Analects
1252:factions
958:Dai (Li)
638:Dang Guo
445:Legalism
381:Cultural
342:a series
340:Part of
321:Shên-Pao
307:Shen Baw
287:Bopomofo
279:Shěn Bào
208:Shen Bao
193:Shanghai
151:Language
62:Owner(s)
2449:During
2361:, with
2309:Jingbao
2305:guanbao
2235:Xin Bao
2110:Chinese
1910:Fascism
606:History
542:Loyalty
507:Elitism
171: (
155:Chinese
131: (
123:Founded
18:Shenbao
3071:
3037:
2991:
2970:
2933:
2912:
2884:
2831:
2807:
2759:
2679:Zhou,
2666:
2597:
2367:Lu Xun
2282:baihua
2239:Hu Bao
2120::
2118:pinyin
2112::
1969:Baizuo
1826:Former
418:Social
106:
94:
85:Editor
32:Senova
2154:China
1728:Media
1630:Macau
1084:Leung
1006:Jiang
978:Soong
925:Zhang
872:Zheng
867:Zhang
862:Xiong
832:Shang
827:Liang
762:Chang
406:Ultra
293:ㄕㄣㄅㄠˋ
197:China
3091:ICON
3069:ISBN
3035:ISBN
2989:ISBN
2968:ISBN
2947:Time
2931:ISBN
2910:ISBN
2900:and
2882:ISBN
2829:ISBN
2805:ISBN
2757:ISBN
2664:ISBN
2595:ISBN
2429:Time
2365:and
2335:Qing
1796:TVBS
1200:Lien
1185:Hung
1127:Chui
1114:Yung
1109:Tung
1094:Quat
1089:Liao
1059:Kwok
1011:Wang
988:Yuan
920:Yuan
915:Yang
857:Xiao
847:Wang
817:Kang
767:Chen
502:Duty
54:Type
3008:,"
2949:, "
2867:,"
2569:",
2443:陳彬龢
2369:."
2132:or
1220:Sun
1195:Lee
1190:Jaw
1170:Han
1165:Chu
1064:Lam
1039:Fok
983:Sun
973:Lin
882:Zou
877:Zhu
842:Tan
837:Tam
812:Jin
797:Jaw
782:Gan
777:Dai
649:Han
438:New
433:Neo
401:Han
3103::
3063:.
3029:.
2823:,
2721:,
2465:.
2422:,
2414:,
2164:.
2152:,
2116:;
2114:申報
1225:Yu
1205:Ma
1044:Ho
1016:Xi
1001:Hu
968:Li
852:Wu
822:Li
792:Hu
787:Gu
344:on
195:,
115:,
69:,
3077:.
3043:.
2725:(
2649:.
2280:(
2108:(
2092:e
2085:t
2078:v
1254:)
1250:(
248:报
245:申
229:報
226:申
175:)
135:)
34:.
20:)
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