182:
146:
222:
206:
165:
197:
156:
1585:
46:
1467:
1644:
1690:
penalty to the defeated side: the population was condemned to slavery or death, other than the group led by Ali Dordux. Hamet el Zegrí was executed. The survivors, numbering from 11,000 to 15,000 excluding the foreign mercenaries, were enslaved and their property confiscated. Some were sent to the North of Africa in exchange for captives, some were sold to defray the costs of the campaign, and some were distributed as gifts.
1890:
are left with a heavy burden, both for the loss we have suffered and for the great service he rendered during his life, as well as concerning you. Since he died as his duty required, fighting against the infidels and in our service, we are burdened to reward you, and we shall have your affairs, as they pertain to you and your relatives, carefully examined, with all due gratitude." —Ápud T. Gismera.
229:
1632:, but a stronger force sent by Abdallah intercepted and defeated it. Abdallah followed up by sending costly gifts to the Catholic monarchs and assuring them of his friendly disposition. In return, the monarchs agreed to leave his subjects in peace and to allow non-military trade between Granada and Spain. Málaga began to run short of food supplies. The
1605:
the harbor cut off all access to the city from the sea. The
Chronicle of the Catholic Monarchs by Don Juan M. Carriazo reveals the aftermath of this battle: "The Christians had received very great damage at the beginning and more than fifty of them were killed and others wounded. Among them, three principal men were killed: Garci Bravo, governor of
1889:
The letter, dated in the Royal , regarding Málaga, on June 7, 1487, was signed by Their
Highnesses and Fernán Álvarez, and it read as follows: '"The King and the Queen. Doña María de Cienfuegos, you have already learned of the passing of Don Garci Bravo, your husband, which grieves us deeply, and we
1672:
After unsuccessful attempts to negotiate terms, the representatives of the city eventually capitulated without conditions, throwing themselves on
Ferdinand's mercy. The city surrendered on 13 August 1487. The citadel held out until 18 August 1487 when its leader, the merchant Ali Dordux, surrendered
1659:
However, after three months they managed to take possession of an outlying tower attached with a bridge of four arches to the city wall, a key point from which to advance into the city. By this time, the population had run out of stores of food and had been reduced to the extremes of eating dogs and
1604:
fortress. The landward height was converted into a
Christian strong point, and they began construction of works encircling the city. These were either a trench and palisade, or an earth embankment where the ground was too rocky for excavation. A fleet of armed ships, galleys, and caravels placed in
1689:
The conquest of Málaga was a harsh blow to the Nasrid kingdom of
Granada, which lost its principal seaport. King Ferdinand II of Aragon had tried to negotiate the surrender of the city several times during the siege, but the defending forces declined it. As a result, the conquerors imposed a harsh
1693:
The task of reorganizing the territory was given to García Fernández
Manrique, who had captured the fortress, and to Juan de la Fuente, two experienced administrators. Manrique made use of the help of Ali Dordux. Land was given in payment to the troops that accompanied the conquistadors. Between
1651:
Ferdinand had intended to starve the city out, but became impatient with the delays and began construction of mobile siege towers that could be used to bridge the walls, and mines to enter the city from below or to undermine the walls. The
Muslims attacked and destroyed the towers,
1726:
The ambulances arranged by Queen Isabel of
Castile were large bedded wagons that were used to carry wounded soldiers to tent hospitals far from the lines. The care that could be provided was limited, but the attempt at care would have been good for
1556:
itself, a major trading port on the
Mediterranean. The city was prosperous, with elegant architecture, gardens, and fountains. The city was surrounded by fortifications, which were in good condition. Above it was the citadel, the
1600:, about six miles from Mālaqa, where the road led between two heights defended by the Muslims. A fight ensued that continued until evening, when the Christians managed to turn the position and the Nasrid retreated to the
1536:. Seeing no hope of relief, Vélez capitulated on 27 April 1487 on condition that the lives of the people would be spared, and they would keep their property and religion. Smaller places also surrendered along the road to
1532:(El Zagal) made an attempt to relieve Vélez, but was forced to retreat to Granada by the superior forces of the marquis of Cádiz. On his arrival there, he found that he had been overthrown in favor of his nephew
1627:
The
Muslims kept up fire from the city on the opposing lines, and made repeated sallies, sometimes in strength. There were also attempts to relieve the city. In one case, El Zagal sent a body of cavalry from
1144:
685:
1612:
The first attack was against the landward suburb. They breached the wall, and after strong resistance the Muslims were driven back into the city. King Ferdinand II sent an expedition to the ruins of
608:
1596:
While still at Vélez, Ferdinand attempted to negotiate a surrender on good terms, but his offers were refused by Hamet el Zegrí. Ferdinand left Vélez on 7 May 1487 and advanced along the coast to
451:
1744:), the Moorish chieftain Hamet el Zegrí (Hamad al-Tagri), had refused Ferdinand and Isabella's offer to accept his vassalage, and had moved to Mālaqa, where he led the Muslim resistance.
1027:
655:
750:
1565:. A land-side suburb was also ringed by a strong wall. Towards the sea were orchards of olives, oranges, and pomegranates, and vineyards from whose grapes the sweet fortified
920:
1089:
1084:
1074:
990:
618:
578:
1572:
The city was well-supplied with artillery and ammunition. In addition to the normal garrison, it contained volunteers from other towns in the regions and a corps of
1660:
cats, eating the leaves of vines and palms, and chewing hides. Seeing their extreme suffering, Hamet el Zegrí eventually agreed to withdraw with his forces to the
705:
695:
643:
638:
1022:
1458:
itself—and its most important port was a major loss for Granada. Most of the surviving population of the city were enslaved or put to death by the conquerors.
1293:
845:
84:
593:
1054:
915:
277:
1454:, or dedicated vehicles for the purpose of carrying injured persons, were used. Geopolitically, the loss of the emirate's second largest city—after
2289:
1094:
1357:
1352:
242:
725:
1576:, experienced and disciplined African mercenaries. Hamet el Zegrí, the former defender of Ronda, was in command of the defense.
1524:
The Spanish reached Vélez-Málaga on 17 April 1487 after a slow advance through difficult country. A few days later the lighter
1497:
with an army of 20,000 horsemen, 50,000 laborers, and 8,000 support troops. This contingent joined the artillery commanded by
2294:
2187:
2137:
2103:
446:
270:
1624:
joined her husband, accompanied by her court and by various high clergymen and nobles, a move that helped to boost morale.
441:
2269:
20:
2249:
1246:
221:
1119:
885:
2279:
613:
975:
2284:
2274:
1637:
1617:
1129:
755:
263:
675:
1422:
1079:
374:
364:
1498:
1099:
1196:
1007:
700:
419:
2254:
720:
1276:
1201:
461:
1513:
spies gave word of the movements of the Christians, and the inhabitants of Vélez fled to the mountains of
740:
690:
950:
910:
2259:
1308:
1149:
730:
436:
414:
317:
1186:
1159:
1064:
1012:
880:
840:
765:
1609:; Diego Lopez de Medrano, his son-in-law; and Gabriel de Sotomayor, brave knights of noble lineage."
1318:
1313:
1271:
1216:
1191:
1181:
1154:
810:
770:
409:
337:
1397:
1134:
670:
1529:
1407:
1323:
1298:
1251:
1221:
1211:
1176:
825:
790:
780:
369:
359:
312:
2211:
2062:
1656:
and drove out the Castillian and Aragonese forces and sent out armed vessels against their fleet.
945:
508:
1533:
1303:
900:
870:
830:
735:
563:
533:
523:
491:
456:
394:
384:
181:
145:
2129:
1241:
1231:
1044:
1017:
850:
2264:
1490:
1385:
1380:
1002:
980:
965:
960:
875:
820:
680:
603:
573:
481:
399:
322:
209:
2177:
2093:
1621:
1402:
1124:
1114:
815:
795:
389:
2161:
2084:
1558:
1494:
50:
1375:
1288:
1109:
905:
710:
665:
660:
538:
404:
347:
332:
1710:
and the Levant repopulated the province, of whom about a thousand settled in the capital.
1037:
895:
865:
855:
8:
2080:
Crónica de los Señores Reyes Católicos Don Fernando y Doña Isabel de Castilla y de Aragón
1417:
1032:
930:
715:
633:
553:
476:
307:
200:
2205:
2056:
628:
2122:
1703:
1482:
1470:
1447:
1412:
1236:
1164:
1069:
925:
835:
583:
548:
471:
466:
149:
1699:
2183:
2133:
2099:
1633:
1506:
1478:
1443:
1392:
1266:
1256:
1226:
1059:
985:
940:
935:
890:
800:
760:
745:
623:
568:
543:
503:
379:
342:
1370:
513:
205:
164:
1763:
1761:
1486:
1333:
1261:
1139:
1104:
775:
518:
196:
186:
159:
155:
54:
2155:
2078:
1707:
1528:
arrived. It had proved impossible to move the heavier ones along the poor roads.
1518:
1049:
860:
785:
588:
558:
528:
486:
327:
168:
1758:
1673:
on the basis that his group of twenty-five families would be allowed to stay as
1510:
1206:
970:
955:
805:
598:
1584:
2243:
1566:
431:
255:
99:
86:
45:
1677:. The monarchs entered triumphantly on 18 August 1487. The fortress of the
1653:
1525:
1695:
1450:. The siege lasted about four months. It was the first conflict in which
1439:
1328:
289:
37:
2124:
Keepers of the City: The Corregidores of Isabella of Castile, 1474–1504
2007:
1678:
1661:
1601:
1597:
1589:
1562:
1514:
2207:
History of the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic, of Spain
1674:
1613:
1451:
1643:
1537:
78:
1466:
2227:
2054:
1983:
1767:
1502:
1681:, under the command of Hamet el Zegrí, surrendered the next day.
1606:
1553:
1549:
1455:
1920:
2055:
Bernáldez, Andrés; Gabriel y Ruíz de Apodaca, Fernando (1870).
1629:
1561:, connected via a covered way with the impregnable fortress of
2157:
Hernan Perez del Pulgar, el de las hazañas: bosquejo histórico
1805:
1803:
1737:
2019:
1944:
1788:
1973:
1971:
1898:
1896:
1800:
1477:
Mālaqa was the main objective of the 1487 campaign by the
2058:
Historia de los reyes católicos C. Fernando y Doña Isabel
1908:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1844:
1842:
1664:, and let the population make terms with the Christians.
2175:
2031:
2013:
1995:
1968:
1956:
1932:
1893:
1871:
1640:
sending two Flemish transports with military supplies.
1854:
1839:
1827:
1815:
1548:
The Moorish city of Mālaqa was the second city in the
1778:
1776:
2228:"Cerco y defensa de Algeciras: el uso de la pólvor"
2153:
1989:
1667:
1473:
in 1462 (dark green), with dates of later conquests
2121:
1773:
1485:, which had been steadily losing territory to the
1579:
2241:
2225:
1926:
1740:by storm on 22 May 1485. The city's commander (
1446:of Spain conquered the city of Mālaqa from the
1768:Bernáldez & Gabriel y Ruíz de Apodaca 1870
285:
271:
1592:, looking towards the citadel, visible below
2076:
2061:. Impr. que fué de J. M. Geofrin. p.
1914:
278:
264:
2119:
2095:Prehospital Systems and Medical Oversight
2037:
2232:Centro de estudios moriscos de Andalucía
2203:
2025:
2001:
1977:
1962:
1950:
1938:
1902:
1877:
1865:
1848:
1833:
1821:
1809:
1794:
1642:
1583:
1465:
2290:Sieges involving the Emirate of Granada
2182:. Universidad de Sevilla. p. 346.
2176:Mata Carriazo y Arroquia, Juan (1971).
2154:Martínez de la Rosa, Francisco (1834).
2242:
2128:. Cambridge University Press. p.
2083:. Imprenta de Benito Monfort. p.
1620:so they could be used against Mālaqa.
2091:
1782:
259:
1616:to retrieve stone balls used in the
1509:, and then continue west to Malaga.
2204:Prescott, William Hickling (1854).
1588:Modern Málaga from the ramparts of
1505:. The army decided to first attack
13:
2226:Torremocha Silva, Antonio (2004).
19:For similarly titled battles, see
14:
2306:
1636:sided with Castile and Aragon by
1569:, an important export, was made.
1543:
1668:Capitulation (13–18 August 1487)
227:
220:
204:
195:
180:
163:
154:
144:
44:
16:Part of the Reconquista of Spain
1883:
1736:The army had taken the city of
1730:
1694:5,000 and 6,000 colonists from
1720:
1580:Siege (7 May – 13 August 1487)
228:
1:
2077:Del Pulgar, Hernando (1780).
2014:Mata Carriazo y Arroquia 1971
1751:
1461:
2295:Massacres committed by Spain
2098:. Kendall Hunt. p. 81.
2092:Kuehl, Alexander E. (2002).
1684:
1618:Siege of Algeciras (1342–44)
7:
1499:Francisco Ramírez de Madrid
1347:Post-Reconquista Rebellions
69:7 May 1487 – 18 August 1487
10:
2311:
2270:15th century in al-Andalus
2120:Lunenfeld, Marvin (1987).
2047:
18:
2250:Sieges of the Reconquista
2179:En la frontera de Granada
1438:was an action during the
452:2nd San Esteban de Gormaz
447:1st San Esteban de Gormaz
298:
215:
174:
138:
61:
43:
35:
30:
2280:Sieges involving Castile
2160:. Tomas Jordan. p.
1990:Martínez de la Rosa 1834
1713:
1530:Muhammad XIII of Granada
2285:Sieges involving Aragon
2275:15th century in Castile
1648:
1647:Ferdinand II of Aragon
1593:
1540:, the next objective.
1491:Ferdinand II of Aragon
1474:
175:Commanders and leaders
31:Siege of Málaga (1487)
1927:Torremocha Silva 2004
1646:
1587:
1534:Abdallah Muhammad XII
1469:
442:Pallars and Ribagorza
1797:, pp. 212, 223.
1436:1487 siege of Málaga
1329:2nd Granada campaign
726:2nd Balearic Islands
701:1st Balearic Islands
243:class=notpageimage|
185:Hamad el Tagrí
128:Conquest of the city
100:36.72333°N 4.41167°W
2028:, pp. 222–223.
1953:, pp. 217–218.
1812:, pp. 221–222.
1440:Reconquest of Spain
1008:Las Navas de Tolosa
96: /
57:in the 11th century
1649:
1594:
1559:Alcazaba of Málaga
1483:Emirate of Granada
1475:
1471:Emirate of Granada
1448:Emirate of Granada
1202:Shepherds' Crusade
1013:3rd Alcácer do Sal
976:2nd Alcácer do Sal
886:1st Alcácer do Sal
375:2nd Roncevaux Pass
313:1st Roncevaux Pass
150:Emirate of Granada
105:36.72333; -4.41167
51:Alcazaba of Málaga
2260:Conflicts in 1487
2255:History of Málaga
2189:978-84-338-2842-2
2139:978-0-521-32930-9
2105:978-0-7872-7071-1
1634:Holy Roman Empire
1479:Catholic Monarchs
1444:Catholic Monarchs
1431:
1430:
609:Almodóvar del Río
254:
253:
246:Location in Spain
134:
133:
122:Christian victory
2302:
2235:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2127:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2088:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2041:
2035:
2029:
2023:
2017:
2011:
2005:
1999:
1993:
1987:
1981:
1975:
1966:
1960:
1954:
1948:
1942:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1906:
1900:
1891:
1887:
1881:
1875:
1869:
1863:
1852:
1846:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1798:
1792:
1786:
1780:
1771:
1765:
1745:
1734:
1728:
1724:
1487:Crown of Castile
293:
280:
273:
266:
257:
256:
231:
230:
224:
208:
199:
191:
184:
167:
160:Crown of Castile
158:
148:
111:
110:
108:
107:
106:
101:
97:
94:
93:
92:
89:
63:
62:
55:Hammudid dynasty
48:
28:
27:
21:Battle of Málaga
2310:
2309:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2216:
2214:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2166:
2164:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2067:
2065:
2050:
2045:
2044:
2036:
2032:
2024:
2020:
2012:
2008:
2000:
1996:
1988:
1984:
1976:
1969:
1961:
1957:
1949:
1945:
1937:
1933:
1929:, p. s1.3.
1925:
1921:
1915:Del Pulgar 1780
1913:
1909:
1901:
1894:
1888:
1884:
1876:
1872:
1864:
1855:
1847:
1840:
1832:
1828:
1820:
1816:
1808:
1801:
1793:
1789:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1748:
1735:
1731:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1687:
1670:
1582:
1546:
1519:Bentomiz Castle
1464:
1432:
1427:
1362:
1314:Los Alporchones
1197:Vega de Granada
294:
287:Battles in the
286:
284:
250:
249:
248:
247:
245:
239:
238:
237:
236:
232:
203:
187:
169:Crown of Aragon
162:
125:
104:
102:
98:
95:
90:
87:
85:
83:
82:
81:
53:, built by the
49:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2308:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2237:
2236:
2223:
2201:
2188:
2173:
2151:
2138:
2117:
2104:
2089:
2074:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2040:, p. 142.
2038:Lunenfeld 1987
2030:
2018:
2016:, p. 346.
2006:
2004:, p. 221.
1994:
1992:, p. 115.
1982:
1980:, p. 219.
1967:
1965:, p. 218.
1955:
1943:
1941:, p. 216.
1931:
1919:
1917:, p. 304.
1907:
1905:, p. 215.
1892:
1882:
1880:, p. 214.
1870:
1868:, p. 213.
1853:
1851:, p. 212.
1838:
1836:, p. 211.
1826:
1824:, p. 205.
1814:
1799:
1787:
1772:
1770:, p. 224.
1756:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1729:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1686:
1683:
1669:
1666:
1622:Queen Isabella
1581:
1578:
1545:
1544:City of Mālaqa
1542:
1463:
1460:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1361:
1360:
1358:2nd Alpujarras
1355:
1353:1st Alpujarras
1349:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1222:Vega de Pagana
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1120:Mudéjar revolt
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1030:
1028:Aragonese raid
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
999:
998:
994:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
916:Central Iberia
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
676:Norwegian raid
673:
668:
663:
658:
652:
651:
647:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
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2026:Prescott 1854
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2015:
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2002:Prescott 1854
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1991:
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1978:Prescott 1854
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1972:
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1324:9th Gibraltar
1322:
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1319:8th Gibraltar
1317:
1315:
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1309:7th Gibraltar
1307:
1305:
1304:La Higueruela
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1299:6th Gibraltar
1297:
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1272:5th Algeciras
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1252:5th Gibraltar
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1247:4th Algeciras
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1212:3rd Gibraltar
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1192:2nd Gibraltar
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1182:3rd Algeciras
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1177:1st Gibraltar
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524:Aqbat al-Bakr
522:
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492:3rd Barcelona
490:
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457:Valdejunquera
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432:Day of Zamora
430:
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420:2nd Barcelona
418:
416:
415:2nd Cellorigo
413:
411:
410:1st Cellorigo
408:
406:
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398:
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395:Monte Laturce
393:
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360:1st Barcelona
358:
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29:
26:
22:
2231:
2215:. Retrieved
2206:
2193:. Retrieved
2178:
2165:. Retrieved
2156:
2143:. Retrieved
2123:
2109:. Retrieved
2094:
2079:
2066:. Retrieved
2057:
2033:
2021:
2009:
1997:
1985:
1958:
1946:
1934:
1922:
1910:
1885:
1873:
1829:
1817:
1790:
1741:
1732:
1722:
1692:
1688:
1671:
1658:
1650:
1638:Maximilian I
1626:
1611:
1595:
1573:
1571:
1547:
1523:
1507:Vélez-Málaga
1481:against the
1476:
1435:
1433:
1365:North Africa
1338:
1283:15th century
1171:14th century
1075:4th Valencia
997:13th century
951:4th Santarém
911:3rd Santarém
851:2nd Santarém
771:3rd Valencia
741:2nd Zaragoza
721:1st Santarém
656:2nd Valencia
650:12th century
614:1st Valencia
579:1st Zaragoza
498:11th century
482:Torrevicente
426:10th century
323:Orbieu River
318:Burbia River
288:
188:
139:Belligerents
36:Part of the
25:
2217:22 February
2195:21 February
2167:21 February
2145:22 February
2111:22 February
2068:21 February
1696:Extremadura
1567:Malaga wine
1423:2nd Tangier
1408:1st Tangier
1267:2nd Montiel
1187:3rd Almería
1105:3rd Seville
1033:2nd Majorca
936:2nd Seville
901:2nd Badajoz
881:2nd Almería
871:2nd Tortosa
841:1st Almería
826:1st Montiel
781:1st Badajoz
756:1st Granada
509:Calatañazor
437:1st Majorca
390:Guadalacete
365:1st Tortosa
354:9th century
302:8th century
290:Reconquista
103: /
38:Granada War
2244:Categories
2210:. p.
1783:Kuehl 2002
1752:References
1679:Gibralfaro
1662:Gibralfaro
1602:Gibralfaro
1598:Bezmiliana
1590:Gibralfaro
1563:Gibralfaro
1515:Alpujarras
1501:that left
1462:Background
1452:ambulances
1289:Collejares
1277:2nd Murcia
1242:Guadalmesí
1232:Río Salado
1130:1st Murcia
1090:2nd Xàtiva
1085:1st Xàtiva
981:2nd Silves
966:2nd Silves
961:1st Silves
876:2nd Lleida
861:5th Lisbon
821:4th Lisbon
751:1st Lleida
711:Candespina
706:6th Toledo
691:Formentera
681:3rd Lisbon
661:Mollerussa
644:5th Toledo
639:4th Toledo
619:2nd Lisbon
604:3rd Toledo
574:2nd Toledo
462:1st Toledo
405:Polvoraria
348:1st Lisbon
338:Río Quirós
333:Las Babias
91:04°24′42″W
88:36°43′24″N
1685:Aftermath
1614:Algeciras
1403:4nd Ceuta
1393:3nd Ceuta
1386:2nd Ceuta
1381:1st Ceuta
1294:Antequera
1145:Andalusia
1125:3rd Jerez
1115:2nd Jerez
1050:1st Jerez
1023:Peníscola
991:Talamanca
946:2nd Évora
931:Calatrava
921:Tarragona
906:Juromenha
896:1st Évora
846:Al-Ludjdj
816:2nd Coria
796:1st Coria
731:Martorell
716:Vatalandi
634:Consuegra
554:Golpejera
539:Barbastro
477:Estercuel
308:Covadonga
210:Ferdinand
1675:Mudéjars
1517:and the
1237:Estepona
1165:Iznalloz
1100:3rd Jaén
1060:Burriana
1045:2nd Jaén
1018:1st Jaén
1003:Al-Dāmūs
941:Abrantes
836:Albacete
811:Trancoso
686:Talavera
666:Balaguer
584:Sagrajas
549:Llantada
472:Simancas
467:Alhandic
400:Morcuera
370:Pancorbo
201:Isabella
74:Location
2048:Sources
1727:morale.
1708:Galicia
1704:Castile
1607:Atienza
1574:Gomeres
1554:Granada
1550:emirate
1495:Córdoba
1456:Granada
1418:Melilla
1398:Tétouan
1257:Linuesa
1227:Getares
1080:Algarve
1070:El Puig
1065:Córdoba
1038:Portopí
986:Alarcos
891:Palmela
866:Sacavém
856:Sacavém
801:Ourique
761:Corbins
746:Cutanda
736:Coimbra
624:Alcoraz
569:Morella
544:Paterna
534:Coimbra
504:Cervera
385:Albelda
380:Clavijo
189:†
2186:
2136:
2102:
1742:arraez
1630:Guadix
1552:after
1538:Málaga
1511:Nasrid
1413:Asilah
1376:Strait
1339:Málaga
1334:Lucena
1262:Guadix
1160:Moclín
1140:Martos
926:Cuenca
791:Leiria
766:Alcalá
629:Bairén
589:Tudela
519:Albesa
343:Oviedo
235:Málaga
116:Result
79:Málaga
1738:Ronda
1714:Notes
1503:Écija
1493:left
1135:Écija
971:Tomar
956:Alvor
831:Soure
806:Oreja
786:Fraga
776:Aceca
696:Ibiza
671:Uclés
599:Aledo
594:Tévar
559:Cabra
529:Graus
487:Rueda
328:Lutos
2219:2013
2197:2013
2184:ISBN
2169:2013
2147:2013
2134:ISBN
2113:2013
2100:ISBN
2070:2013
1700:León
1434:The
1371:Salé
1207:Teba
1110:Faro
1095:Biar
1055:Ares
514:Torà
66:Date
2212:211
2162:115
2130:142
2085:304
2063:224
2246::
2230:.
2132:.
1970:^
1895:^
1856:^
1841:^
1802:^
1775:^
1760:^
1706:,
1702:,
1698:,
1521:.
2234:.
2221:.
2199:.
2171:.
2149:.
2115:.
2087:.
2072:.
279:e
272:t
265:v
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
