Knowledge

Sigurd the Crusader

Source 📝

401: 2536: 428:. Sigurd possessed a total force of about 5000 men in about 60 ships, as recorded by the sagas. The two kings, Øystein and Sigurd, initially debated who should lead the contingent and remain home to rule the kingdom. Sigurd was eventually chosen to lead the crusade, possibly because he was a more experienced traveler, having been on several expeditions with his father, 354:
been under the direct control of a Norwegian king. It is uncertain whether Sigurd returned home with his father to Norway after the 1098 expedition. However, it is known that he was in Orkney when Magnus returned west in 1102 for his next expedition. While there, a marriage alliance was negotiated between Magnus and
381:
by an Irish army in 1103, the 14-year-old Sigurd returned to Norway along with the rest of the Norwegian army, leaving his child-bride behind. Upon arriving in Norway, he and his two brothers, Øystein and Olav, were proclaimed kings of Norway and jointly ruled the kingdom together for some time. The
562:
Before leaving Constantinople, Sigurd gave all of his ships and many treasures away to Emperor Alexios. In return, the emperor gave him many strong horses for him and his fellow relatives. Sigurd planned to return to Norway over land, but many of his men stayed behind in Constantinople to serve the
353:
in that same year, following the overthrow of their king by his father, Magnus. Although Magnus was not directly responsible for the death of the previous king of the Isles, he became the kingdom's next ruler, most likely due to his conquest of the islands. This was the first time the kingdom had
455:. He often fought the enemies amongst his loyal soldiers and relatives; they were continually victorious and vastly successful, gaining considerable amounts of treasure and booty. However, the loot probably never reached Norway, as Sigurd left almost everything he had gained in 679:. This led to a power struggle following Sigurd's death between various illegitimate sons and other royal pretenders, which escalated into a lengthy and devastating civil war. This gave rise to long feuds over who should rule the 582:
Upon returning to Norway in 1111, Sigurd returned to a flourishing and prosperous kingdom. King Øystein had created a solid and stable country, and the church gained wealth, power, and prestige. During Sigurd's reign, the
534:
and given to Sigurd after the siege as a token of friendship and as a relic for his heroic participation in the crusades. Thereafter, King Sigurd returned to his ships and prepared to leave the
313:
Many historians have viewed Sigurd and Øystein's rule as a golden age for the medieval Kingdom of Norway. The state flourished economically and culturally, allowing Sigurd to participate in the
987: 326: 382:
expeditions conducted by Magnus were somewhat profitable to the Kingdom of Norway, as the many islands under Norwegian control generated wealth and a workforce. However the Hebrides and
291:
sons of the king with different mothers. The three half-brothers co-ruled the kingdom from 1103 to avoid feuds or war. Sigurd ruled alone after Olaf died in 1115 and Øystein in 1123.
567:. The trip took three years, and he visited many countries en route. Sigurd traveled from Serbia and Bulgaria through Hungary, Pannonia, Swabia, and Bavaria, where he met with the 550:) and entered the city through the gate called the Gold Tower, riding in front of his men. He stayed there for a while, meeting and spending much time with Emperor 2574: 2268: 2263: 2624: 263:(until Øystein died in 1123), has been regarded by historians as a golden age for the medieval Kingdom of Norway. He is otherwise famous for leading the 2355: 2609: 1990: 1365: 587:(a 10% tax to support the church) was introduced in Norway, which significantly strengthened the church in the country. Sigurd founded the 1999: 2202: 2579: 1572: 2295: 2604: 1007: 2217: 267:(1107–1110), earning him the eponym "the Crusader", and was the first European king to participate in a crusade personally. 2584: 2446: 2348: 1090: 2589: 773: 367: 125: 2476: 1209: 1183: 1162: 1148: 699:
around 1225. Scholars still debate the accuracy of this work. Sigurd is also mentioned in various European sources.
2599: 1983: 1385: 1358: 96: 2166: 1293: 2232: 1842: 2614: 2341: 2285: 785: 2141: 2207: 2458: 1249: 588: 523: 346: 345:. He was made Earl of Orkney the same year, following the swift removal of the incumbent earls of Orkney, 1976: 1351: 637: 111: 2300: 2594: 2171: 1374: 1302: 708: 19:"Sigurd Jorsalfar" redirects here. For the incidental music and orchestral suite by Edvard Grieg, see 1829: 2315: 2273: 1494: 878:"Image is Everything: The Morkinskinna Account of King Sigurðr of Norway's Journey to the Holy Land" 2629: 1957: 1951: 1809: 1791: 1766: 1751: 1531: 1311: 716: 20: 2494: 2412: 2406: 2146: 1945: 1796: 1781: 1776: 1761: 1756: 1713: 355: 2305: 636:, Sigurd experienced a rapid mental decline before his death. He died in 1130 and was buried in 2619: 2106: 1786: 1771: 1746: 1703: 1691: 1458: 487: 370:, a young Irish princess and, for a short period, queen. The marriage might not even have been 490:. He received a warm welcome and spent a lot of time with the king. The two kings rode to the 2290: 2237: 1708: 1681: 691:
Most of the information gathered about the saga of Sigurd and his brothers is taken from the
664: 511: 151: 2096: 2569: 2564: 2428: 2416: 2376: 2227: 2222: 2136: 2003: 1593: 1566: 672: 618:
in Sweden. The inhabitants had reportedly renounced Christianity and were again worshiping
429: 413: 359: 276: 2452: 610:. In 1123, Sigurd once again set out to fight in the name of the church, this time in the 400: 329:
Coin thought to represent the co-rule of Øystein and Sigurd, and thus dated to before 1115
8: 2258: 2116: 2111: 2091: 2017: 1536: 1511: 1335: 1331: 1320: 1112: 668: 280: 260: 156: 68: 64: 2310: 847:
Duffy, Seán (1992). "Irishmen and Islesmen in the Kingdom of Dublin and Man 1052–1171".
675:, became king of Norway. He shared the throne in an uneasy peace with another claimant, 2464: 2382: 2156: 2151: 2075: 2065: 1726: 1647: 1583: 1521: 1516: 905: 858: 726: 656: 551: 527: 468: 452: 244: 2130: 957:"The Lion, the Dream, and the Poet: Mental Illnesses in Norway's Medieval Royal Court" 514:
was a great success for the crusaders, and the city was conquered on 5 December 1110.
2506: 2500: 2482: 2280: 2197: 2070: 2048: 2026: 1968: 1872: 1686: 1627: 1599: 1551: 1470: 1440: 1283: 1179: 1158: 1144: 1003: 968: 909: 897: 781: 725:. The Scottish poet William Forsyth wrote 'King Sigurd the Crusader', illustrated by 680: 619: 572: 568: 519: 409: 395: 350: 295: 264: 143: 107: 849: 762:
Literally "Jerusalem-farer", but commonly translated into English as "the Crusader".
2518: 2512: 2440: 2434: 2422: 2101: 1867: 1616: 1588: 1464: 1434: 1428: 1217: 995: 889: 825: 745: 712: 696: 660: 576: 499: 404:
Route of the Norwegian Crusade taken by Sigurd the Crusader. Red: Sea, Green: Land.
202: 130: 2032: 1605: 1046: 999: 333:
In 1098, Sigurd accompanied his father, King Magnus III, on his expedition to the
2535: 2488: 2470: 2176: 2122: 2059: 1637: 1561: 1526: 1506: 1501: 1482: 1452: 1446: 1423: 1413: 1276: 1266: 564: 515: 307: 212: 54: 1068: 1023: 956: 595:, so he installed another bishop further south and had him perform the divorce. 362:, as he was one of the most powerful rulers in Ireland, as well as the ruler of 2524: 2365: 2253: 1488: 1256: 611: 543: 456: 334: 303: 299: 284: 252: 36: 2558: 2161: 1697: 1418: 972: 901: 448: 417: 306:
received such prestigious titles. Sigurd passed the Earldom of Orkney on to
1862: 1661: 1546: 722: 692: 676: 653: 632: 491: 325: 288: 893: 2394: 602:
in present-day Sweden) and built a strong castle there. He also kept the
424:
king to personally lead a crusade, and his feats earned him the nickname
383: 371: 181: 2333: 862: 1915: 1877: 607: 531: 922:
This was allegedly the reason he was able to marry the woman, Cecilia.
877: 615: 599: 2054: 1642: 1622: 1610: 1578: 1556: 1343: 535: 483: 460: 342: 236: 2212: 1925: 1882: 1632: 1195: 802: 649: 507: 495: 437: 338: 314: 992:
The Cambridge History of Scandinavia: Volume 1: Prehistory to 1520
476: 433: 197: 2022: 606:
given to him by King Baldwin, a splinter reputed to be from the
1920: 1895: 1377: 1091:"Saga of Sigurd the Crusader and His Brothers Eystein and Olaf" 592: 539: 472: 444: 421: 363: 988:"The Norwegian kingdom: succession disputes and consolidation" 259:) from 1103 to 1130. His rule, together with his half-brother 1113:"King Sigurd the Crusader (in "Good Words for 1862," p. 248)" 711:
wrote a historical drama based on the life of the king, with
603: 584: 503: 378: 294:
Before being proclaimed King of Norway, Sigurd was styled as
1141:
Kong Sigurds Jorsalferd. Den unge kongen som ble Norges helt
575:. He later arrived in Denmark, where he was greeted by King 386:
quickly re-asserted their independence after Magnus' death.
1476: 933: 645: 92: 522:
after the city was captured. By order of Baldwin and the
955:
Crocker, Christopher; Jakobsson, Ármann (12 March 2021).
598:
Sigurd made his capital in Konghelle (in the vicinity of
542:, where Sigurd stayed for a time. Sigurd then sailed to 502:, Doge of Venice, in the capture of the coastal city of 1998: 2547:
Dates are approximate. Joint earldoms were frequent.
579:, who eventually gave him a ship to sail to Norway. 1044: 780:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 132. 702: 317:and gain international recognition and prestige. 2556: 994:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 369–391, 954: 591:. He had been denied a divorce by the bishop in 2575:12th-century rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles 1021: 1069:"Saga of Magnus the Blind and of Harald Gille" 366:. Sigurd was to marry Muirchertach's daughter 2349: 1984: 1359: 320: 683:in the 12th century and early 13th century. 498:. King Baldwin asked Sigurd to join him and 377:When King Magnus was ambushed and killed in 2625:Illegitimate children of Norwegian monarchs 1176:The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading 776:The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading 771: 2356: 2342: 1991: 1977: 1366: 1352: 1196:Sigurd the Crusader: Stories from His Saga 931: 800: 2363: 1909: 875: 275:Sigurd was one of the three sons of King 1856: 1823: 1740: 1675: 399: 324: 1406: 986:Helle, Knut (2003), Helle, Knut (ed.), 876:Jakobsson, Ármann (13 September 2013). 2557: 1373: 826:"Sigurd 1 Magnusson Jorsalfare, Konge" 823: 231:(1089 – 26 March 1130), also known as 2337: 1972: 1347: 985: 846: 538:. They sailed north to the island of 506:, which had been re-fortified by the 389: 2610:Christians of the Norwegian Crusade 1178:(University of Pennsylvania Press) 1024:"Magnus 4 Sigurdsson Blinde, Konge" 756: 557: 416:, which had been founded after the 13: 2534: 1168: 686: 14: 2641: 2467:"the Jerusalem-farer" (1098–1103) 1189: 1047:"Gilchrist Harald 4 Gille, Konge" 412:to support the newly established 1133: 530:, a splinter was taken from the 16:King of Norway from 1103 to 1130 2580:12th-century Norwegian monarchs 2403:Erlend Torf-Einarsson (910-954) 2400:Arnkel Torf-Einarsson (910–954) 1105: 1083: 1061: 1038: 1015: 979: 948: 746:"Sigurd 1 Magnusson Jorsalfare" 667:. He left no legitimate sons. 494:, where Sigurd might have been 436:and islands in the seas around 925: 916: 869: 840: 817: 794: 772:Riley-Smith, Jonathan (1996). 765: 738: 703:In theatrical works and poetry 349:. He was also apparently made 1: 2391:Hallad Rognvaldsson (893–895) 1226: 1174:Riley-Smith, Jonathan (1986) 1000:10.1017/chol9780521472999.020 752:(in Norwegian). 30 June 2022. 630:According to the kings' saga 467:) he visited the Norman King 270: 2605:Burials at Akershus Fortress 2459:Paul and Erlend Thorfinnsson 1250:Paul and Erlend Thorfinnsson 671:, his illegitimate son with 347:Paul and Erlend Thorfinnsson 7: 2585:Monarchs of the Isle of Man 1155:Jakten på Sigurd Jorsalfare 1049:. Norsk biografisk leksikon 1026:. Norsk biografisk leksikon 828:. Norsk biografisk leksikon 10: 2646: 2409:"Skull-Splitter" (910–963) 659:and granddaughter of King 393: 321:Expedition with Magnus III 126:Bjaðmunjo Mýrjartaksdóttir 18: 2590:Norwegian Roman Catholics 2545: 2532: 2515:"the Younger" (1191–1198) 2395:Torf-Einarr Rognvaldarson 2372: 2324: 2246: 2190: 2084: 2041: 2010: 1937: 1894: 1841: 1808: 1725: 1660: 1384: 1328: 1300: 1290: 1281: 1273: 1263: 1254: 1246: 1241: 1203: 1045:Knut Peter Lyche Arstad. 750:Norsk Biografisk Leksikon 486:, he was greeted by King 218: 208: 196: 187: 180: 175: 170: 166: 142: 118: 102: 86: 78: 74: 60: 50: 42: 35: 30: 2449:"the Mighty" (1025–1064) 2388:Guthorm Sigurdsson (893) 2379:"the Wise" (9th century) 2142:Diarmait mac Maíl na mBó 1623:Magnus VI the Law-mender 732: 648:. Sigurd was married to 625: 408:In 1107, Sigurd led the 358:. He proclaimed himself 112:St. Hallvard's Cathedral 21:Sigurd Jorsalfar (Grieg) 2600:Medieval child monarchs 2443:"Wry-mouth" (1014–1026) 2407:Thorfinn Torf-Einarsson 2147:Echmarcach mac Ragnaill 1896:III. Independent Norway 1579:Haakon II Broadshoulder 1153:Morten, Øystein (2014) 1139:Bergan, Halvor (2005) 936:. Store norske leksikon 805:. Store norske leksikon 663:. They had a daughter, 563:emperor as part of his 356:Muircheartach Ua Briain 2539: 2425:"the Stout" (990–1014) 2316:Dubhghall mac Ruaidhrí 2274:Ruaidhrí mac Raghnaill 1810:II. Independent Norway 524:patriarch of Jerusalem 488:Baldwin I of Jerusalem 405: 330: 302:. Neither Øystein nor 279:, the other two being 2538: 2503:"the Old" (1138–1206) 2495:Rögnvald Kali Kolsson 2413:Arnfinn, Havard, Ljot 2385:"the Mighty" (to 892) 2269:Somairle mac Dubgaill 2238:Aonghus mac Somhairle 2233:Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson 1594:Haakon III Sverresson 1567:Eystein II Haraldsson 1542:Sigurd I the Crusader 1391:Foreign and non-royal 1386:I. Independent Norway 1022:Nils Petter Thuesen. 894:10.1353/pgn.2013.0016 709:Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson 707:In the 19th century, 665:Kristin Sigurdsdatter 482:Upon arriving in the 403: 328: 152:Kristin Sigurdsdatter 2429:Sumarlidi Sigurdsson 2417:Hlodvir Thorfinnsson 2377:Ragnvald Eysteinsson 2286:Guðrøðr Rǫgnvaldsson 2264:Dubgall mac Dubgaill 2228:Ragnall mac Somairle 2223:Dubgall mac Somairle 2137:Murchad mac Diarmata 2004:Kingdom of the Isles 1611:Haakon IV Haakonsson 1512:Magnus II Haraldsson 1399:monarchs in brackets 1215:Cadet branch of the 673:Borghild Olavsdotter 589:diocese of Stavanger 414:Kingdom of Jerusalem 360:High King of Ireland 213:Magnus III of Norway 46:1103 – 26 March 1130 2615:History of Bohuslän 2447:Thorfinn Sigurdsson 2301:Haraldr Guðrøðarson 2259:Donnchadh of Argyll 2182:Sigurðr Jórsalafari 2167:Lǫgmaðr Guðrøðarson 2152:Gofraid mac Sitriuc 2117:Lagmann mac Gofraid 2112:Thorfinn the Mighty 2092:Ragnall mac Gofraid 1830:Christian Frederick 1643:Haakon VI Magnusson 1638:Magnus VII Ericsson 1584:Magnus V Erlingsson 1552:Magnus IV the Blind 1537:Eystein I Magnusson 1527:Magnus III Barefoot 1507:Harald III Hardrada 1429:Harald II Greycloak 803:"Sigurd Jorsalfare" 638:Hallvard's church ( 420:. He was the first 241:Sigurðr Jórsalafari 233:Sigurd the Crusader 31:Sigurd the Crusader 2540: 2423:Sigurd Hlodvirsson 2383:Sigurd Eysteinsson 2296:Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson 2218:Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson 2157:Fingal mac Gofraid 2097:Amlaíb mac Sitriuc 2076:Gofraid mac Arailt 1648:Olaf IV Haakonsson 1633:Haakon V Magnusson 1600:Guttorm Sigurdsson 1522:Haakon Toresfostre 727:Edward Burne-Jones 657:Mstislav I of Kiev 552:Alexios I Komnenos 528:Ghibbelin of Arles 469:Roger II of Sicily 406: 331: 135:Cecilia (disputed) 2595:House of Hardrada 2552: 2551: 2507:Erlend Haraldsson 2501:Harald Maddadsson 2483:Harald Haakonsson 2477:Magnus Erlendsson 2453:Rögnvald Brusason 2331: 2330: 2254:Óláfr Guðrøðarson 2203:Óláfr Guðrøðarson 2198:Domnall mac Taidc 2071:Maccus mac Arailt 2049:Olaf Guthfrithson 1966: 1965: 1933: 1932: 1890: 1889: 1843:Union with Sweden 1837: 1836: 1804: 1803: 1721: 1720: 1656: 1655: 1628:Eric II Magnusson 1589:Sverre Sigurdsson 1573:Magnus Haraldsson 1562:Inge I Haraldsson 1502:Magnus I the Good 1471:Olaf II the Saint 1459:Eiríkr Hákonarson 1447:Olaf I Tryggvason 1441:Haakon Sigurdsson 1424:Haakon I the Good 1414:Harald I Fairhair 1400: 1342: 1341: 1329:Succeeded by 1291:Succeeded by 1284:King of the Isles 1264:Succeeded by 1210:House of Hardrada 1205:Sigurd Jorsalafar 1143:(Norgesforlaget) 1009:978-0-521-47299-9 681:Kingdom of Norway 620:Old Norse deities 573:Holy Roman Empire 569:Emperor Lothar II 520:Lordship of Sidon 443:Sigurd fought in 410:Norwegian Crusade 396:Norwegian Crusade 390:Norwegian Crusade 351:King of the Isles 296:King of the Isles 265:Norwegian Crusade 249:Sigurd Jorsalfare 226: 225: 192: 191: 108:Akershus Fortress 97:Kingdom of Norway 2637: 2519:David Haraldsson 2513:Harald Eiriksson 2465:Sigurd Magnusson 2441:Einar Sigurdsson 2435:Brusi Sigurdsson 2358: 2351: 2344: 2335: 2334: 2311:Eóghan of Argyll 2291:Haraldr Óláfsson 2208:Guðrøðr Óláfsson 2102:Sigurd the Stout 1993: 1986: 1979: 1970: 1969: 1907: 1906: 1868:Charles III John 1854: 1853: 1821: 1820: 1738: 1737: 1673: 1672: 1617:Haakon the Young 1606:Inge II Bårdsson 1465:Sweyn Haakonsson 1435:Harald Bluetooth 1404: 1403: 1390: 1368: 1361: 1354: 1345: 1344: 1274:Preceded by 1247:Preceded by 1237: 1230: 1228: 1218:Fairhair dynasty 1201: 1200: 1128: 1127: 1125: 1123: 1109: 1103: 1102: 1100: 1098: 1087: 1081: 1080: 1078: 1076: 1065: 1059: 1058: 1056: 1054: 1042: 1036: 1035: 1033: 1031: 1019: 1013: 1012: 983: 977: 976: 952: 946: 945: 943: 941: 932:Knut Are Tvedt. 929: 923: 920: 914: 913: 873: 867: 866: 844: 838: 837: 835: 833: 821: 815: 814: 812: 810: 801:Per G. Norseng. 798: 792: 791: 769: 763: 760: 754: 753: 742: 718:Sigurd Jorsalfar 713:incidental music 697:Snorri Sturluson 661:Inge I of Sweden 652:, a daughter of 577:Niels of Denmark 558:Return to Norway 518:was granted the 500:Ordelafo Faliero 459:. On his way to 287:. They were all 229:Sigurd Magnusson 222:Tora (concubine) 176:Sigurd Magnusson 168: 167: 131:Malmfred of Kiev 28: 27: 2645: 2644: 2640: 2639: 2638: 2636: 2635: 2634: 2630:Earls of Orkney 2555: 2554: 2553: 2548: 2541: 2530: 2489:Paul Haakonsson 2471:Haakon Paulsson 2368: 2366:earls of Orkney 2362: 2332: 2327: 2320: 2306:Magnús Óláfsson 2242: 2186: 2177:Magnús berfœttr 2131:Ímar mac Arailt 2123:Haakon Ericsson 2080: 2060:Ketill Flatnose 2037: 2006: 1997: 1967: 1962: 1958:Swedish monarch 1952:English monarch 1929: 1905: 1886: 1852: 1833: 1819: 1800: 1736: 1717: 1671: 1652: 1547:Harald IV Gille 1483:Haakon Ericsson 1453:Sweyn Forkbeard 1419:Eric I Bloodaxe 1398: 1392: 1389: 1388: 1380: 1372: 1338: 1334: 1318: 1308: 1306: 1296: 1287: 1279: 1269: 1267:Haakon Paulsson 1260: 1252: 1231: 1222: 1221: 1213: 1206: 1192: 1171: 1169:Related reading 1136: 1131: 1121: 1119: 1111: 1110: 1106: 1096: 1094: 1089: 1088: 1084: 1074: 1072: 1067: 1066: 1062: 1052: 1050: 1043: 1039: 1029: 1027: 1020: 1016: 1010: 984: 980: 953: 949: 939: 937: 930: 926: 921: 917: 874: 870: 857:(43): 93–133 . 845: 841: 831: 829: 822: 818: 808: 806: 799: 795: 788: 770: 766: 761: 757: 744: 743: 739: 735: 705: 689: 687:Primary sources 640:Hallvardskirken 628: 612:Swedish Crusade 565:Varangian Guard 560: 516:Eustace Grenier 398: 392: 323: 308:Haakon Paulsson 273: 162: 138: 114: 91: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2643: 2633: 2632: 2627: 2622: 2617: 2612: 2607: 2602: 2597: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2577: 2572: 2567: 2550: 2549: 2546: 2543: 2542: 2533: 2531: 2529: 2528: 2525:Jon Haraldsson 2522: 2516: 2510: 2504: 2498: 2492: 2486: 2480: 2474: 2468: 2462: 2456: 2450: 2444: 2438: 2432: 2426: 2420: 2410: 2404: 2401: 2398: 2392: 2389: 2386: 2380: 2373: 2370: 2369: 2361: 2360: 2353: 2346: 2338: 2329: 2328: 2325: 2322: 2321: 2319: 2318: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2293: 2288: 2283: 2277: 2276: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2250: 2248: 2244: 2243: 2241: 2240: 2235: 2230: 2225: 2220: 2215: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2194: 2192: 2188: 2187: 2185: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2169: 2164: 2162:Gofraid Crobán 2159: 2154: 2149: 2144: 2139: 2134: 2127: 2126: 2120: 2114: 2109: 2104: 2099: 2094: 2088: 2086: 2082: 2081: 2079: 2078: 2073: 2068: 2063: 2057: 2052: 2045: 2043: 2039: 2038: 2036: 2035: 2030: 2020: 2014: 2012: 2008: 2007: 1996: 1995: 1988: 1981: 1973: 1964: 1963: 1961: 1960: 1954: 1948: 1946:Danish monarch 1942: 1938: 1935: 1934: 1931: 1930: 1928: 1923: 1918: 1913: 1911: 1904: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1892: 1891: 1888: 1887: 1885: 1880: 1875: 1870: 1865: 1860: 1858: 1851: 1850: 1847: 1845: 1839: 1838: 1835: 1834: 1832: 1827: 1825: 1818: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1806: 1805: 1802: 1801: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1742: 1735: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1727:Denmark–Norway 1723: 1722: 1719: 1718: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1677: 1670: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1658: 1657: 1654: 1653: 1651: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1635: 1630: 1625: 1620: 1613: 1608: 1603: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1581: 1576: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1557:Sigurd II Munn 1554: 1549: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1532:Olav Magnusson 1529: 1524: 1519: 1517:Olaf III Kyrre 1514: 1509: 1504: 1499: 1489:Sweyn Knutsson 1473: 1468: 1449: 1444: 1431: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1410: 1408: 1401: 1382: 1381: 1371: 1370: 1363: 1356: 1348: 1340: 1339: 1330: 1327: 1312:Olaf Magnusson 1303:King of Norway 1298: 1297: 1292: 1289: 1280: 1275: 1271: 1270: 1265: 1262: 1257:Earl of Orkney 1253: 1248: 1244: 1243: 1242:Regnal titles 1239: 1238: 1214: 1207: 1204: 1199: 1198: 1191: 1190:External links 1188: 1187: 1186: 1170: 1167: 1166: 1165: 1151: 1135: 1132: 1130: 1129: 1104: 1093:. Heimskringla 1082: 1071:. Heimskringla 1060: 1037: 1014: 1008: 978: 947: 924: 915: 888:(1): 121–140. 868: 839: 816: 793: 786: 764: 755: 736: 734: 731: 721:) composed by 704: 701: 688: 685: 627: 624: 559: 556: 544:Constantinople 512:Siege of Sidon 457:Constantinople 394:Main article: 391: 388: 335:Orkney Islands 322: 319: 300:Earl of Orkney 272: 269: 253:King of Norway 224: 223: 220: 216: 215: 210: 206: 205: 200: 194: 193: 190: 189: 185: 184: 178: 177: 173: 172: 164: 163: 161: 160: 154: 148: 146: 140: 139: 137: 136: 133: 128: 122: 120: 116: 115: 106: 104: 100: 99: 88: 84: 83: 80: 76: 75: 72: 71: 62: 58: 57: 52: 48: 47: 44: 40: 39: 37:King of Norway 33: 32: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2642: 2631: 2628: 2626: 2623: 2621: 2620:Sons of kings 2618: 2616: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2562: 2560: 2544: 2537: 2526: 2523: 2520: 2517: 2514: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2490: 2487: 2484: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2460: 2457: 2454: 2451: 2448: 2445: 2442: 2439: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2427: 2424: 2421: 2418: 2414: 2411: 2408: 2405: 2402: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2390: 2387: 2384: 2381: 2378: 2375: 2374: 2371: 2367: 2359: 2354: 2352: 2347: 2345: 2340: 2339: 2336: 2326:^ Speculative 2323: 2317: 2314: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2292: 2289: 2287: 2284: 2282: 2279: 2278: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2251: 2249: 2245: 2239: 2236: 2234: 2231: 2229: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2219: 2216: 2214: 2211: 2209: 2206: 2204: 2201: 2199: 2196: 2195: 2193: 2189: 2183: 2180: 2178: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2148: 2145: 2143: 2140: 2138: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2128: 2124: 2121: 2118: 2115: 2113: 2110: 2108: 2105: 2103: 2100: 2098: 2095: 2093: 2090: 2089: 2087: 2083: 2077: 2074: 2072: 2069: 2067: 2066:Amlaíb Cuarán 2064: 2061: 2058: 2056: 2053: 2050: 2047: 2046: 2044: 2040: 2034: 2033:Amlaíb Conung 2031: 2028: 2024: 2021: 2019: 2016: 2015: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1994: 1989: 1987: 1982: 1980: 1975: 1974: 1971: 1959: 1955: 1953: 1949: 1947: 1943: 1940: 1939: 1936: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1912: 1908: 1902: 1901: 1899: 1897: 1893: 1884: 1881: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1871: 1869: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1855: 1849: 1848: 1846: 1844: 1840: 1831: 1828: 1826: 1822: 1816: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1807: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1792:Christian VII 1790: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1767:Frederick III 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1752:Christian III 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1739: 1733: 1732: 1730: 1728: 1724: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1699: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1674: 1668: 1667: 1665: 1663: 1659: 1649: 1646: 1644: 1641: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1624: 1621: 1618: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1523: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1508: 1505: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1496: 1491: 1490: 1485: 1484: 1479: 1478: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1466: 1461: 1460: 1455: 1454: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1443: 1442: 1437: 1436: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1415: 1412: 1411: 1409: 1405: 1402: 1396: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1376: 1369: 1364: 1362: 1357: 1355: 1350: 1349: 1346: 1337: 1333: 1326: 1323: 1322: 1317: 1314: 1313: 1305: 1304: 1299: 1295: 1286: 1285: 1278: 1272: 1268: 1259: 1258: 1251: 1245: 1240: 1236:26 March 1130 1235: 1225: 1220: 1219: 1212: 1211: 1202: 1197: 1194: 1193: 1185: 1184:9780812213638 1181: 1177: 1173: 1172: 1164: 1163:9788243008441 1160: 1156: 1152: 1150: 1149:82-91986-75-4 1146: 1142: 1138: 1137: 1134:Other sources 1118: 1114: 1108: 1092: 1086: 1070: 1064: 1048: 1041: 1025: 1018: 1011: 1005: 1001: 997: 993: 989: 982: 974: 970: 967:(2): 91–105. 966: 962: 958: 951: 935: 928: 919: 911: 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 887: 883: 879: 872: 864: 860: 856: 852: 851: 843: 827: 820: 804: 797: 789: 783: 779: 778: 775: 768: 759: 751: 747: 741: 737: 730: 728: 724: 720: 719: 714: 710: 700: 698: 695:, written by 694: 684: 682: 678: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 655: 651: 647: 643: 641: 635: 634: 623: 621: 617: 613: 609: 605: 601: 596: 594: 590: 586: 580: 578: 574: 570: 566: 555: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 510:in 1098. The 509: 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 480: 478: 474: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 449:Mediterranean 446: 441: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 419: 418:First Crusade 415: 411: 402: 397: 387: 385: 380: 375: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 352: 348: 344: 340: 336: 327: 318: 316: 311: 309: 305: 301: 297: 292: 290: 286: 282: 278: 268: 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 221: 217: 214: 211: 207: 204: 201: 199: 195: 186: 183: 179: 174: 169: 165: 158: 155: 153: 150: 149: 147: 145: 141: 134: 132: 129: 127: 124: 123: 121: 117: 113: 109: 105: 101: 98: 94: 90:26 March 1130 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 70: 66: 63: 59: 56: 53: 49: 45: 41: 38: 34: 29: 26: 22: 2281:Óspakr-Hákon 2247:13th century 2191:12th century 2181: 2085:11th century 2042:10th century 1797:Frederick VI 1782:Christian VI 1777:Frederick IV 1762:Christian IV 1757:Frederick II 1714:Christian II 1696: 1662:Kalmar Union 1541: 1493: 1487: 1481: 1475: 1463: 1457: 1451: 1439: 1433: 1394: 1324: 1319: 1315: 1309: 1301: 1282: 1255: 1233: 1223: 1216: 1208: 1175: 1157:(Spartacus) 1154: 1140: 1120:. Retrieved 1116: 1107: 1095:. Retrieved 1085: 1073:. Retrieved 1063: 1051:. Retrieved 1040: 1028:. Retrieved 1017: 991: 981: 964: 960: 950: 938:. Retrieved 927: 918: 885: 881: 871: 854: 848: 842: 830:. Retrieved 824:Claus Krag. 819: 807:. Retrieved 796: 777: 774: 767: 758: 749: 740: 723:Edvard Grieg 717: 706: 693:Heimskringla 690: 677:Harald Gille 654:Grand Prince 639: 633:Morkinskinna 631: 629: 597: 581: 561: 547: 492:Jordan River 481: 464: 451:islands and 442: 425: 407: 376: 332: 312: 293: 289:illegitimate 274: 256: 248: 240: 232: 228: 227: 25: 2570:1130 deaths 2565:1089 births 2527:(1206–1231) 2521:(1206–1214) 2509:(1151–1154) 2497:(1136–1158) 2491:(1123–1136) 2485:(1123–1130) 2479:(1106–1116) 2473:(1104–1123) 2461:(1064–1098) 2455:(1036–1046) 2437:(1014–1031) 2431:(1014–1016) 2011:9th century 1787:Frederick V 1772:Christian V 1747:Frederick I 1704:Christian I 1692:Christopher 1375:Monarchs of 1325:(1103–1123) 1316:(1103–1115) 934:"Konghelle" 426:Jorsalafari 372:consummated 182:Regnal name 51:Predecessor 2559:Categories 1916:Haakon VII 1910:Since 1905 1878:Charles IV 1863:Charles II 1397:, disputed 1393:rulers in 1288:1102–1103 1277:Magnus III 1261:1098–1103 1229: 1090 787:0812213637 608:True Cross 532:True Cross 447:, various 430:Magnus III 277:Magnus III 271:Early life 55:Magnus III 2419:(963–988) 2397:(895–910) 2172:Ingimundr 2055:Gebeachan 1857:1814–1905 1824:Only 1814 1741:1524–1814 1698:Charles I 1676:1387–1523 1336:Harald IV 1332:Magnus IV 1321:Eystein I 1307:1103–1130 1122:27 August 973:1457-2362 910:143449956 902:1832-8334 729:in 1862. 548:Miklagard 536:Holy Land 484:Holy Land 461:Jerusalem 453:Palestine 368:Bjaðmunjo 343:Irish Sea 245:Norwegian 237:Old Norse 157:Magnus IV 69:Harald IV 65:Magnus IV 61:Successor 2213:Somerled 1926:Harald V 1883:Oscar II 1687:Eric III 1682:Margaret 1407:872–1387 882:Parergon 863:30007421 715:(titled 650:Malmfred 508:Fatimids 496:baptized 438:Scotland 422:European 341:and the 339:Hebrides 315:Crusades 257:Sigurd I 203:Hardrada 188:Sigurd I 110:, prev. 2018:Gofraid 2002:of the 1873:Oscar I 1495:Ælfgifu 1395:italics 1117:The Met 1097:1 April 1075:1 April 1053:1 April 1030:1 April 961:Mirator 940:1 April 832:1 April 809:1 April 616:Småland 600:Kungälv 571:of the 477:Palermo 471:in his 465:Jorsala 434:Ireland 281:Øystein 261:Øystein 255:(being 251:), was 119:Spouses 2364:Norse 2000:Rulers 1941:Regent 1921:Olav V 1486:& 1480:& 1462:& 1456:& 1438:& 1378:Norway 1294:Lagman 1232:  1182:  1161:  1147:  1006:  971:  908:  900:  861:  784:  669:Magnus 593:Bergen 540:Cyprus 473:castle 445:Lisbon 364:Dublin 219:Mother 209:Father 159:(ill.) 103:Burial 2107:Gilli 1956:Also 1950:Also 1944:Also 1310:with 1234:Died: 1224:Born: 906:S2CID 859:JSTOR 733:Notes 626:Death 604:relic 585:tithe 504:Sidon 432:, to 379:Ulaid 198:House 171:Names 144:Issue 43:Reign 2415:and 2027:Ivar 2023:Ímar 1709:John 1477:Cnut 1180:ISBN 1159:ISBN 1145:ISBN 1124:2023 1099:2016 1077:2016 1055:2016 1032:2016 1004:ISBN 969:ISSN 942:2016 898:ISSN 850:Ériu 834:2016 811:2016 782:ISBN 646:Oslo 304:Olav 298:and 285:Olaf 283:and 93:Oslo 87:Died 82:1089 79:Born 67:and 996:doi 890:doi 644:in 614:to 475:at 384:Man 2561:: 1227:c. 1115:. 1002:, 990:, 965:20 963:. 959:. 904:. 896:. 886:30 884:. 880:. 855:43 853:. 748:. 622:. 554:. 526:, 479:. 440:. 374:. 337:, 310:. 247:: 243:, 239:: 95:, 2357:e 2350:t 2343:v 2133:^ 2125:^ 2119:^ 2062:^ 2051:^ 2029:) 2025:( 1992:e 1985:t 1978:v 1619:) 1615:( 1602:) 1598:( 1575:) 1571:( 1498:) 1492:( 1367:e 1360:t 1353:v 1126:. 1101:. 1079:. 1057:. 1034:. 998:: 975:. 944:. 912:. 892:: 865:. 836:. 813:. 790:. 642:) 546:( 463:( 235:( 23:.

Index

Sigurd Jorsalfar (Grieg)
King of Norway
Magnus III
Magnus IV
Harald IV
Oslo
Kingdom of Norway
Akershus Fortress
St. Hallvard's Cathedral
Bjaðmunjo Mýrjartaksdóttir
Malmfred of Kiev
Issue
Kristin Sigurdsdatter
Magnus IV
Regnal name
House
Hardrada
Magnus III of Norway
Old Norse
Norwegian
King of Norway
Øystein
Norwegian Crusade
Magnus III
Øystein
Olaf
illegitimate
King of the Isles
Earl of Orkney
Olav

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.