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0.5 mm, and to the extensions of the molecular theory of nematic liquid crystals beyond the MS model. Chandrasekhar was invited to establish a liquid crystal laboratory in RRI after the
Department of Science and Technology started supporting it in 1971. The move had a highly positive impact on his productivity. Along with a couple of former students who moved with him to RRI, in a short time, he developed a laboratory with all the essential facilities needed for research in the chosen area. Realizing that cutting-edge research would not be possible without an in-house capacity to produce new materials, a
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Other major conferences
Chandrasekhar organized include the Ninth International Liquid Crystals Conference in 1982 and the Second Asia-Pacific Physics Conference in 1986. After retiring from the RRI in 1990, Chandrasekhar started the Centre for Liquid Crystal Research in a building made available by
340:
or MS theory) started a revival of the subject. Chandrasekhar and his co-workers made contributions to the application of the dynamical theory of reflections to study the fascinating optical properties of cholesteric liquid crystals which have a helical structure with a pitch which is usually ~
392:
The subject has had yet another resurgence in 1996, when
Japanese scientists discovered new types of liquid crystalline phases exhibited by compounds made of another new type of (banana-shaped) molecule having bent-cores. Many such compounds exhibit columnar liquid crystalline phases.
405:. The book is popular amongst workers in the field, and has been translated into Russian and Japanese. An enlarged second edition of the book was published in 1992. Chandrasekhar also organized several international conferences, including the one in 1973 on the occasion of the
331:
in the 1920s and 30s. Some physical studies had been undertaken by the German and
Russian schools during that era, but the subject later languished till the mid-fifties. Starting in the late fifties, the systematic synthetic effort by
385:, and is one of the most highly cited papers in the field of liquid crystals. Subsequently, a few thousand compounds with disc-like molecules were synthesized. The columnar liquid crystals are noted for their highly
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was set up. Soon many new experimental and a few theoretical results emerged and the Liquid
Crystal Laboratory at RRI became one of the leading centres of research in the world. The twisted nematic
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276:. The main topic of his research was related to optical rotatory dispersion measurements on several crystals. He received the D Sc degree from Nagpur University in 1954. Then he went to the
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was invented in Europe in 1971 and recently, LCDs have displaced CRTs as commercially the most important displays. In cooperation with
Chandrasekhar and his colleagues, the
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at London also dealt with crystallographic problems. He returned to India in 1961 as the first Head of the
Department of Physics, which had just been started in the
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440:(FASc, 1962) and the Indian National Science Academy (FNA, 1978). He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1983, and was also a fellow of the
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436:. Chandrasekhar's scientific achievements brought him many honours. He was elected Fellow of all the three scientific academies in India, including the
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on the international map in the field of liquid crystals. Chandrasekhar hailed from the most illustrious family of physicists in India.
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512:
Gray, G. W.; Luckhurst, G. R.; Raynes, E. P. (2007). "Sivaramakrishna
Chandrasekhar. 6 August 1930 -- 8 March 2004: Elected FRS 1983".
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421:(who was to receive the Nobel Prize in 1991, partly for his work on liquid crystals) participated in this conference. He was awarded
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Liquid crystals made of rod-like molecules had been discovered in 1888, and many compounds had been synthesized at
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353:(BEL), Bangalore, developed indigenous know-how for the manufacture of simple LCDs for the domestic market.
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The pinnacle in
Chandrasekhar's scientific career came in 1977, when he and his co-workers discovered the
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448:. He was a member of several international and national committees on science and education.
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The year 1977 also saw the publication of
Chandrasekhar's book on liquid crystals by the
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in the UK and the physical studies by Wilhelm Maier in Germany (including the well-known
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which has a two-dimensional, periodic order. The paper announcing the discovery of this
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to work for his doctoral degree in physics under the guidance of his maternal uncle,
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by the French Government (1999). Chandrasekhar was largely responsible for placing
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of the founding of the RRI. Many stalwarts in the field of liquid crystals like
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463:(1972), the Homi Bhabha (1987) and Meghnad Saha (1992) medals of the
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His subsequent postdoctoral work in the University College and the
211:(6 August 1930 – 8 March 2004) was an Indian physicist who won the
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conducting properties, which is exploited in device applications.
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Soap, Science, and Flat-Screen TVs: A History of Liquid Crystals
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David Dunmur; David A. Dunmur; Tim Sluckin (4 November 2010).
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Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in science & engineering
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mainly for his work on the corrections for extinction in
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Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology
311:
at Mysore. It was here that he turned his attention to
738:. Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2015
515:
Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
475:
of UNESCO (1998), and the Freedericksz Medal of the
23:, Indian-American astrophysicist and Nobel laureate.
511:
782:Obituary: Professor Sivaramakrishna Chandrasekhar
471:(1988), the Royal Medal of Royal Society (1994),
469:Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
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661:
451:Chandrasekhar was the founder president of the
760:. Oxford University Press. pp. 259, 260.
579:. Chennai, India. 9 March 2004. Archived from
455:for 1990–92, and was an editor of the journal
38:, and the person should be referred to by the
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1479:
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369:, rather than the well-studied rods. Through
215:in 1994. He was the founder-president of the
381:was published in the Indian physics journal
284:and obtained a second doctorate degree from
725:
222:Chandrasekhar was born on 6 August 1930 at
2587:Academic staff of the University of Mysore
2249:
2235:
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1472:
816:
802:
615:"S Pancharatnam (1934–1969): Three phases"
459:for 20 years. He was the recipient of the
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479:(2000). He was also the recipient of the
487:(1998) and the honour of Knight of the
365:of liquid crystals made of disc-shaped
2554:
457:Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals
343:synthetic organic chemistry laboratory
2612:Alumni of the University of Cambridge
2230:
1467:
797:
264:in 1951. Subsequently, he joined the
1051:Vishnu Vaman Shirwadkar (Kusumagraj)
467:, C.V. Raman Centenary Medal of the
453:International Liquid Crystal Society
217:International Liquid Crystal Society
473:Niels Bohr International Gold Medal
19:Not to be confused with his cousin
13:
550:"Royal Medal Winners: 2007 - 1990"
14:
2623:
775:
256:. He received his MSc degree in
465:Indian National Science Academy
446:Third World Academy of Sciences
2577:20th-century Indian physicists
1056:Kuthur Ramakrishnan Srinivasan
707:
655:
595:
571:"Prof. S. Chandrashekhar dead"
563:
542:
505:
477:Russian Liquid Crystal Society
1:
2295:Sivaramakrishna Chandrasekhar
1258:Sivaramakrishna Chandrasekhar
667:C.V. Raman : A Biography
498:
202:Sivaramakrishna Chandrasekhar
55:Sivaramakrishna Chandrasekhar
2582:Fellows of the Royal Society
850:Purushottam Laxman Deshpande
827:award recipients (1990–1999)
16:Indian physicist (1930-2004)
7:
318:
282:1851 Exhibition Scholarship
10:
2628:
2327:William Alexander Gambling
1182:Dalsukh Dahyabhai Malvania
1167:Ramachandra Datatraya Lele
1152:Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan
481:Karnataka Rajyotsava award
438:Indian Academy of Sciences
403:Cambridge University Press
356:
351:Bharat Electronics Limited
25:
21:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
18:
2508:
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2272:
2183:
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1945:
1826:
1701:
1600:
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1412:
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1263:Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya
1245:
1127:Vavilala Gopalakrishnayya
1079:
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832:
633:10.1007/S12045-013-0046-Y
183:
154:
113:
97:
72:
63:
53:
2126:Mandar Madhukar Deshmukh
2102:Vijay Balakrishna Shenoy
1858:Vikram Kumar (physicist)
266:Raman Research Institute
2607:Scientists from Kolkata
2114:Sadiqali Abbas Rangwala
2013:Sanjay Puri (physicist)
1971:Avinash Anant Deshpande
1668:Ramanuja Vijayaraghavan
1414:# Posthumous conferral
1087:Bijoy Chandra Bhagavati
605:; Kausalya Ramaseshan;
489:Order of Academic Palms
419:Pierre-Gilles de Gennes
413:, George William Gray,
397:Publications and honors
371:supramolecular assembly
2317:Malcolm Ferguson-Smith
2132:S. Anantha Ramakrishna
1989:Biswarup Mukhopadhyaya
1763:Ranganathan Shashidhar
1399:Shivmangal Singh Suman
1364:Sohrab Pirojsha Godrej
1333:Panangipalli Venugopal
1308:Vaidyeswaran Rajaraman
1273:Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon
1227:Brihaspati Dev Triguna
1071:Jiwan Singh Umranangal
991:Narayan Singh Manaklao
890:Hirendranath Mukherjee
528:10.1098/rsbm.2007.0015
373:, the discs exhibit a
347:liquid crystal display
2541:Frank Westheimer
1318:Vempati Chinna Satyam
1298:Rajendra Singh Paroda
1202:Setumadhavarao Pagadi
880:Bimal Krishna Matilal
845:Bimal Kumar Bachhawat
611:George William Series
260:with first rank from
2602:Chandrasekhar family
2523:G. Evelyn Hutchinson
2517:Anatole Abragam
2414:Michael J. D. Powell
2300:Pierre Deslongchamps
2138:Sudhir Kumar Vempati
2031:Raghunathan Srianand
1936:E. V. Sampathkumaran
1733:Girish Saran Agarwal
1727:Ramanujan Srinivasan
1232:K. Venkatalakshamma
1157:Triloki Nath Khoshoo
1097:Hariprasad Chaurasia
1021:Shakuntala Paranjpye
444:(London) and of the
442:Institute of Physics
325:Halle, Saxony-Anhalt
309:University of Mysore
286:Cambridge University
278:Cavendish Laboratory
2572:Royal Medal winners
2108:Pratap Raychaudhuri
2090:Krishnendu Sengupta
1751:Ramamurti Rajaraman
1404:Ram Kinkar Upadhyay
1253:U. R. Ananthamurthy
1102:Thayil John Cherian
334:George William Gray
2535:Henry Stommel
2495:David Attenborough
2362:Christopher Hooley
2120:Bedangadas Mohanty
1882:A. K. Raychaudhuri
1787:Vijay Kumar Kapahi
1739:T. V. Ramakrishnan
1715:N. S. Satya Murthy
1561:B. Ramachandra Rao
1537:G. N. Ramachandran
1389:Vidya Niwas Mishra
1323:Laxmi Mall Singhvi
1217:Mrinalini Sarabhai
1207:Hasmukhbhai Parekh
1137:Hakim Abdul Hameed
996:Muthu Krishna Mani
895:C. D. Narasimhaiah
603:Rajaram Nityananda
2549:
2548:
2500:Margaret Thatcher
2469:Charles Weissmann
2352:Richard Henderson
2224:
2223:
1983:G. Ravindra Kumar
1906:B. K. Chakrabarti
1900:Thanu Padmanabhan
1817:N. V. Madhusudana
1567:Suresh Chand Jain
1500:Physical Sciences
1461:
1460:
1379:D. C. Kizhakemuri
1212:C. Narayana Reddy
1107:Ranjan Roy Daniel
1036:Basavaraj Rajguru
1026:Bindeshwar Pathak
1016:Manubhai Pancholi
910:Trilochan Pradhan
905:Kunwar Singh Negi
885:Sumant Moolgaokar
767:978-0-19-954940-5
676:978-0-14-306689-7
669:. Penguin India.
607:N. V. Madhusudana
305:Royal Institution
262:Nagpur University
199:
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2197:Rajesh Ganapathy
2043:Rajesh Gopakumar
1953:Sriram Ramaswamy
1924:A. M. Jayannavar
1805:O. N. Srivastava
1680:E. S. Raja Gopal
1620:S. Chandrasekhar
1591:Asoke Nath Mitra
1488:
1481:
1474:
1465:
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1293:G. Madhavan Nair
1177:Syed Abdul Malik
1061:Ale Ahmad Suroor
1041:Prathap C. Reddy
1006:Fali Sam Nariman
935:M. R. Srinivasan
930:Julius Silverman
900:M. S. Narasimhan
855:L. K. Doraiswamy
840:Rajanikant Arole
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423:A. Cemal Eringen
294:X-ray scattering
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245:Sivaramakrishnan
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121:Sivaramakrishnan
108:Bengaluru, India
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2332:Ian Graham Gass
2306:William Douglas
2285:Patrick Bateson
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2078:Shiraz Minwalla
2066:Kalobaran Maiti
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2037:Srikanth Sastry
2025:Pinaki Majumdar
2007:Atish Dabholkar
1941:
1912:A. Raychaudhuri
1894:Mustansir Barma
1822:
1757:Ramanath Cowsik
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1674:Jayant Narlikar
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1543:Vikram Sarabhai
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1349:S. S. Badrinath
1337:
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1222:Gursaran Talwar
1192:M. Sarada Menon
1122:Khem Singh Gill
1075:
1066:Leslie Swindale
944:
940:M. S. Valiathan
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784:, published in
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461:Bhatnagar Award
399:
379:state of matter
359:
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313:liquid crystals
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168:S. Pancharatnam
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32:Sivaramakrishna
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2409:Michael Pepper
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2072:Umesh Waghmare
2069:
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2028:
2022:
2019:Yashwant Gupta
2016:
2010:
2004:
2001:Sandip Trivedi
1998:
1992:
1986:
1980:
1977:Mohit Randeria
1974:
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1769:Narendra Kumar
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1662:C. K. Majumdar
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1632:Virendra Singh
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1531:M. G. K. Menon
1527:
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1521:
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1518:
1517:
1514:K. S. Krishnan
1510:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1494:Recipients of
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733:"Padma Awards"
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627:(4): 301–305.
613:(April 2013).
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2049:Abhishek Dhar
2047:
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2014:
2011:
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1374:Anil Kakodkar
1372:
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1313:Bhisham Sahni
1311:
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1046:Amala Shankar
1044:
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1034:
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1022:
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976:D. B. Deodhar
974:
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971:Shyam Benegal
969:
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961:Lala Amarnath
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837:
835:
831:
826:
825:Padma Bhushan
819:
814:
812:
807:
805:
800:
799:
796:
790:, 11 May 2004
789:
788:
783:
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779:
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734:
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622:
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612:
608:
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583:on 8 May 2004
582:
578:
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566:
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545:
537:
533:
529:
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516:
508:
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494:
490:
486:
485:Padma Bhushan
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
449:
447:
443:
439:
435:
429:
427:
424:
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411:Glen H. Brown
408:
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246:
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236:
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225:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
203:
194:
193:Eringen Medal
189:
186:
182:
175:
174:S. Ramaseshan
172:
169:
166:
163:
160:
159:
157:
153:
144:
137:
134:
129:
122:
119:
118:
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112:
100:
96:
92:
91:British India
88:
83:6 August 1930
75:
71:
67:
62:
52:
49:
45:
44:Chandrasekhar
41:
37:
33:
29:
22:
2597:TWAS fellows
2366:
2347:Ray Guillery
2304:
2294:
2168:Aninda Sinha
1965:Rahul Pandit
1876:Rajiah Simon
1864:S. R. Shenoy
1799:Deepak Kumar
1745:S. S. Kapoor
1650:K. L. Chopra
1619:
1579:Devendra Lal
1549:Raja Ramanna
1288:K. M. Mathew
1257:
1031:Samta Prasad
966:N. S. Bendre
925:Arun Shourie
860:Nikhil Ghosh
787:Times Online
785:
757:
740:. Retrieved
727:
718:
709:
666:
657:
624:
618:
597:
585:. Retrieved
581:the original
574:
565:
553:. Retrieved
544:
519:
513:
507:
476:
456:
450:
430:
415:Alfred Saupe
400:
391:
360:
322:
302:
221:
201:
200:
103:(2004-03-08)
101:8 March 2004
48:
43:
31:
2567:2004 deaths
2562:1930 births
2454:Nigel Unwin
2439:Ian Sneddon
2379:John Lawson
2357:Peter Higgs
2342:George Gray
2337:Ian Gibbons
2322:Alan Fersht
2209:Anindya Das
2150:Vinay Gupta
1959:Varun Sahni
1930:Sunil Mukhi
1846:Deepak Dhar
1834:G. Baskaran
1686:Ajoy Ghatak
1644:M. S. Sodha
1638:K. P. Sinha
1626:S. K. Joshi
1608:Vainu Bappu
1585:A. P. Mitra
1555:A. R. Verma
1384:Ashok Kumar
1132:Anna Hazare
1001:Ram Narayan
986:Dilip Kumar
920:Sukumar Sen
865:B. K. Goyal
387:anisotropic
338:Maier–Saupe
274:C. V. Raman
248: [
239:(sister of
231: [
213:Royal Medal
188:Royal Medal
139: [
124: [
30:, the name
28:Indian name
2556:Categories
2488:Statute 12
2424:Ivan Roitt
2203:Kanak Saha
2096:Amol Dighe
1888:Ashoke Sen
1840:A. K. Sood
1793:Probir Roy
1709:N. Mukunda
1237:C. R. Vyas
701:Q125503928
649:Q125516639
555:6 December
499:References
241:C.V. Raman
162:C.V. Raman
79:1930-08-06
40:given name
36:patronymic
2404:Ted Paige
1995:Madan Rao
1918:S. R. Das
1781:P. K. Kaw
1721:S. M. Roy
1692:S. S. Jha
1656:B. R. Nag
1453:2020–2029
1448:2010–2019
1443:2000–2009
1438:1990–1999
1433:1980–1989
1428:1970–1979
1423:1960–1969
1418:1954–1959
1278:H. K. Dua
1011:Kapil Dev
693:27632780M
685:772714846
641:0971-8044
620:Resonance
576:The Hindu
434:Bangalore
428:in 1996.
375:mesophase
367:molecules
270:Bangalore
228:Sitalaxmi
176:(brother)
170:(brother)
155:Relatives
136:Sitalaxmi
2459:Ian Ward
2264:elected
2156:Aditi De
1775:K. Singh
1142:Jaggayya
697:Wikidata
665:(2011).
645:Wikidata
536:72944918
483:(1986),
319:Research
298:crystals
190:(1994)
147:(mother)
132:(father)
87:Calcutta
58:FNA, FRS
26:In this
2509:Foreign
2273:Fellows
2266:in 1983
2260:of the
2258:Fellows
1197:Naushad
742:21 July
587:22 July
522:: 127.
432:BEL in
383:Pramana
357:Columns
329:Germany
290:neutron
268:(RRI),
258:physics
224:Kolkata
164:(uncle)
114:Parents
2539:
2533:
2527:
2521:
2515:
2217:(2022)
2211:(2022)
2205:(2021)
2199:(2020)
2193:(2020)
2176:(2019)
2170:(2019)
2164:(2018)
2158:(2018)
2152:(2017)
2146:(2017)
2140:(2016)
2134:(2016)
2128:(2015)
2122:(2015)
2116:(2014)
2110:(2014)
2104:(2013)
2098:(2013)
2092:(2012)
2086:(2012)
2080:(2011)
2074:(2010)
2068:(2010)
2051:(2009)
2045:(2009)
2039:(2008)
2033:(2008)
2027:(2007)
2021:(2007)
2015:(2006)
2009:(2006)
2003:(2005)
1997:(2004)
1991:(2003)
1985:(2003)
1979:(2002)
1973:(2002)
1967:(2001)
1961:(2000)
1955:(2000)
1938:(1999)
1932:(1999)
1926:(1998)
1920:(1998)
1914:(1997)
1908:(1997)
1902:(1996)
1896:(1995)
1890:(1994)
1884:(1994)
1878:(1993)
1872:(1993)
1866:(1992)
1860:(1992)
1854:(1991)
1848:(1991)
1842:(1990)
1836:(1990)
1819:(1989)
1813:(1989)
1807:(1988)
1801:(1988)
1795:(1987)
1789:(1987)
1783:(1986)
1777:(1985)
1771:(1985)
1765:(1984)
1759:(1984)
1753:(1983)
1747:(1982)
1741:(1982)
1735:(1982)
1729:(1981)
1723:(1981)
1717:(1980)
1711:(1980)
1694:(1979)
1688:(1979)
1682:(1978)
1676:(1978)
1670:(1976)
1664:(1976)
1658:(1975)
1652:(1975)
1646:(1974)
1640:(1974)
1634:(1973)
1628:(1972)
1622:(1972)
1616:(1971)
1610:(1970)
1593:(1969)
1587:(1968)
1581:(1967)
1575:(1966)
1569:(1966)
1563:(1965)
1557:(1964)
1551:(1963)
1545:(1962)
1539:(1961)
1533:(1960)
1516:(1958)
915:N. Ram
870:Jasraj
764:
715:"Home"
699:
691:
683:
673:
647:
639:
534:
280:on an
243:) and
195:(1996)
184:Awards
2184:2020s
2059:2010s
1946:2000s
1827:1990s
1702:1980s
1601:1970s
1524:1960s
1507:1950s
736:(PDF)
532:S2CID
493:India
426:Medal
296:from
254:]
237:]
226:, to
145:]
130:]
34:is a
1342:1999
1246:1998
1080:1992
949:1991
833:1990
762:ISBN
744:2015
681:OCLC
671:ISBN
637:ISSN
589:2009
557:2008
417:and
292:and
98:Died
73:Born
1498:in
629:doi
524:doi
209:FRS
205:FNA
2558::
717:.
695:.
689:OL
687:.
679:.
643:.
635:.
625:18
623:.
617:.
609:;
573:.
530:.
520:53
518:.
327:,
300:.
219:.
207:,
89:,
42:,
2250:e
2243:t
2236:v
1487:e
1480:t
1473:v
817:e
810:t
803:v
770:.
746:.
721:.
703:.
651:.
631::
591:.
559:.
538:.
526::
251:d
234:d
142:d
127:d
81:)
77:(
46:.
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