182:, was performed there in January 1965. Before its association with art and poetry, it was an auto repair shop. The gallery was referred to as "The Six Gallery," "The 6 Gallery," "6 Gallery," and "The 6" by its founders and members. In 1995, literary pilgrim Tony Willard wrote of the location, "3119 Fillmore stands in the middle of block's west side, canary yellow with royal blue awnings, black flower boxes full of exuberant geraniums at the second-story windows. It houses a store called Silkroute International, whose rugs and pillows spill onto the sidewalk." The Gallery's 3119 address no longer exists, but a podium and plaque commemorating the 50th anniversary of the reading of "Howl" stand on the sidewalk in front of a restaurant at 3115 Fillmore. The black flower boxes are still there, without exuberant geraniums.
201:. p. 79. New York: Wiley-Blackwell.) However, most scholars agree on the date October 7, as does the plaque honoring the event, pictured here. (The date is confirmed in Morgan, Bill and Nancy L. Peters, eds. 2006. Howl on Trial: The Battle for Free Expression. p. 1. San Francisco: City Lights Publishers; and Raskin, Jonah. 2006. American Scream: Allen Ginsberg's Howl and the Making of the Beat Generation. p. 154. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.)
20:
242:– and by 1955, had "become the official director". ("Oral history interview with Wally Hedrick", Smithsonian Archives of American Art. The transcribed interview took place at Hedrick's home in San Geronimo, California, June 10, 1974; Interviewer: Paul Karlstrom
134:, who refused to read his own work but cheered the other poets on, shouting "Yeah! Go! Go!" during their performances. Still, Kerouac was able to recall much of what occurred at the reading, and wrote an account that he included in his novel
102:, a San Francisco poet of an older generation, who was a kind of literary father-figure for the younger poets and had helped to establish their burgeoning community through personal introductions at his weekly salon.
283:
Ginsberg recalled: "The Six
Gallery reading had come about when Wally Hedrick, who was a painter and one of the major people there, asked Rexroth if he knew any poets that would put on a reading.
109:. McClure read five poems, including "Point Lobos Animism" and "For the Death of 100 Whales"; Snyder, "A Berry Feast"; and Whalen, "Plus Ca Change". Most famously, it was at this reading that
126:, approached Ginsberg in the summer of 1955 and asked him to organize a poetry reading at the Six Gallery. At first, Ginsberg refused. But once he'd written a rough draft of
295:
955:
780:
106:
231:
335:
243:
365:
247:
647:
395:
246:. In "Remembering Wally Hedrick", artist and professor Carlos Villa writes, "Wally Hedrick was a chief organizer of the Six Gallery..."
469:
Smithsonian
Archives of American Art: Oral History Interview With Wally Hedrick At His Home, San Geronimo, California, June 10, 1974
589:
1034:
299:
481:
470:
197:
Some sources have erroneously reported the date of the reading as
October 13. (One example is Hendin, Josephine G. 2004.
1083:
1088:
267:
98:), presented some of their latest works. For McClure, it was his first ever public reading. They were introduced by
918:
816:
23:
Placed before the location of Six
Gallery on the 50th anniversary of the first full-length public reading of HOWL.
747:
888:
840:
244:
https://archive.today/20121214235927/http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/oralhistories/transcripts/hedric74.htm
582:
562:
343:
945:
690:
39:) was an important poetry event that took place on Friday, October 7, 1955, at 3119 Fillmore Street in
524:
557:
732:
439:
60:
1073:
409:
373:
623:
575:
130:, he changed his "fucking mind", as he put it. The large and excited audience included a drunken
95:
563:
Smithsonian
Archives of American Art: Oral history interview with Wally Hedrick, 1974 June 10–24
824:
223:
163:
90:—who until then were known mainly within a close company of friends and other writers (such as
1078:
1010:
144:
990:
848:
725:
683:
615:
175:
8:
940:
280:
Matt Theado ed. (2002) The Beats: A Literary
Reference, "The Beats in the West", pg. 61:
663:
631:
227:
863:
739:
389:
235:
155:
912:
880:
856:
831:
788:
772:
872:
552:
510:
923:
545:
136:
99:
91:
79:
75:
56:
984:
978:
718:
697:
598:
110:
71:
458:
American Scream: Allen
Ginsberg's "Howl" and the Making of the Beat Generation
1067:
1049:
1036:
1005:
808:
754:
215:
211:
87:
64:
52:
40:
1015:
1000:
961:
655:
249:(accessed November 25, 2014). The Six Gallery functioned as an underground
171:
148:
147:, who telegrammed Ginsberg the following day offering to publish his work.
131:
119:. The poem was then incomplete, with only a draft of the first part read.
59:
and helped to herald the West Coast literary revolution that continued the
525:"Michela Alioto-Pier dedicates plaque commemorating HOWL 50th Anniversary"
1020:
995:
950:
704:
639:
250:
239:
159:
115:
83:
336:"Oral history interview with Wally Hedrick, 1974 June 10-24 - Oral His…"
935:
219:
123:
19:
928:
567:
167:
55:, this event was the first important public manifestation of the
540:
166:, was previously known as the King Ubu Gallery – a reference to
254:
482:"Oral history interview with Wally Hedrick, 1974 June 10-24"
410:"Stretcher | Features | Remembering Wally Hedrick"
199:
Concise
Companion to Postwar American Literature and Culture
711:
956:
268:"Fillmore: The Beats in the Western Addition - FoundSF"
151:passed around the wine jug and a collection plate.
298:. Fine Art Museums of San Francisco. Archived from
541:Drunk Poetry Fans and the First Reading of ‘Howl’
1065:
499:. University of California Press. p. 177.
583:
154:The Six Gallery, newly re-named by Hedrick,
440:"Sixty Years After The Six Gallery Reading"
648:The Fall of America: Poems of These States
590:
576:
427:. San Francisco: City Lights. p. 196.
296:"Poster for the 6 Gallery, Poetry Reading"
70:At the reading, five talented young poets—
319:
253:for the members and a meeting place for
18:
105:Lamantia read poems by his dead friend
1066:
422:
394:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
122:Hedrick, a painter and veteran of the
571:
494:
437:
67:created the poster for the reading.
438:Wills, David S. (October 7, 2015).
13:
597:
497:Bay Area Figurative Art, 1950-1965
324:. New York: Doubleday. p. 60.
37:Six Angels in the Same Performance
14:
1100:
781:Songs of Innocence and Experience
534:
919:International Poetry Incarnation
817:Life and Times of Allen Ginsberg
748:Hadda Be Playing on the Jukebox
517:
503:
488:
474:
463:
450:
431:
416:
402:
358:
328:
313:
288:
274:
260:
214:co-founded The Six Gallery in
204:
191:
170:– which was founded by artist
1:
841:Allen Ginsberg Live in London
425:The Beat Gen in San Francisco
185:
162:the poet, Hayward King, and
7:
946:Counterculture of the 1960s
691:A Supermarket in California
558:About "Howl" in Performance
553:Literary Kicks: Six Gallery
10:
1105:
46:
1084:1955 in the United States
971:
899:
800:
764:
733:September on Jessore Road
675:
605:
113:first presented his poem
61:San Francisco Renaissance
1089:History of San Francisco
495:Jones, Caroline (1989).
444:Beatdom Literary Journal
178:in 1952. Duncan's play,
624:Kaddish and Other Poems
511:"LitKicks: Six Gallery"
143:Also in attendance was
96:William Carlos Williams
1050:37.79828°N 122.43593°W
320:Charters, Ann (1986).
285:
158:, John Ryan the poet,
24:
1011:Lawrence Ferlinghetti
423:Morgan, Bill (2003).
281:
145:Lawrence Ferlinghetti
22:
1055:37.79828; -122.43593
991:William S. Burroughs
849:Corso: The Last Beat
726:Wichita Vortex Sutra
616:Howl and Other Poems
1046: /
941:Central Park be-ins
907:Six Gallery reading
346:on 14 December 2012
322:Beats & Company
257:and literati alike.
33:Gallery Six reading
31:(also known as the
29:Six Gallery reading
889:Kill Your Darlings
664:White Shroud Poems
632:Reality Sandwiches
549:, October 7, 2015.
228:Hayward Ellis King
25:
1029:
1028:
376:on 28 August 2008
370:www.stretcher.org
236:Deborah Remington
156:Deborah Remington
1096:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1039:
913:Hydrogen Jukebox
789:Deliberate Prose
773:The Yage Letters
592:
585:
578:
569:
568:
529:
528:
521:
515:
514:
507:
501:
500:
492:
486:
485:
478:
472:
467:
461:
454:
448:
447:
435:
429:
428:
420:
414:
413:
406:
400:
399:
393:
385:
383:
381:
372:. Archived from
362:
356:
355:
353:
351:
342:. Archived from
332:
326:
325:
317:
311:
310:
308:
307:
292:
286:
278:
272:
271:
264:
258:
208:
202:
195:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1074:Beat Generation
1064:
1063:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1025:
967:
924:Beat Generation
895:
796:
776:(1963, letters)
760:
671:
607:
601:
596:
537:
532:
523:
522:
518:
509:
508:
504:
493:
489:
480:
479:
475:
468:
464:
455:
451:
436:
432:
421:
417:
408:
407:
403:
387:
386:
379:
377:
366:"Archived copy"
364:
363:
359:
349:
347:
334:
333:
329:
318:
314:
305:
303:
294:
293:
289:
279:
275:
266:
265:
261:
232:John Allen Ryan
209:
205:
196:
192:
188:
137:The Dharma Bums
100:Kenneth Rexroth
92:Lionel Trilling
80:Michael McClure
76:Philip Lamantia
57:Beat Generation
49:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1102:
1092:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
985:Louis Ginsberg
982:
979:Peter Orlovsky
975:
973:
969:
968:
966:
965:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
932:
931:
921:
916:
909:
903:
901:
897:
896:
894:
893:
885:
877:
869:
861:
853:
845:
837:
829:
821:
813:
804:
802:
798:
797:
795:
794:
793:(2000, essays)
785:
777:
768:
766:
762:
761:
759:
758:
751:
744:
736:
729:
722:
715:
708:
701:
694:
687:
686:" (late 1940s)
679:
677:
673:
672:
670:
669:
660:
652:
644:
636:
628:
620:
611:
609:
603:
602:
599:Allen Ginsberg
595:
594:
587:
580:
572:
566:
565:
560:
555:
550:
536:
535:External links
533:
531:
530:
516:
502:
487:
473:
462:
456:Jonah Raskin,
449:
430:
415:
401:
357:
340:www.aaa.si.edu
327:
312:
287:
273:
259:
203:
189:
187:
184:
111:Allen Ginsberg
72:Allen Ginsberg
48:
45:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1101:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1062:
1059:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1006:Gregory Corso
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
976:
974:
970:
964:
963:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
930:
927:
926:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
914:
910:
908:
905:
904:
902:
898:
891:
890:
886:
883:
882:
878:
875:
874:
873:The Chicago 8
870:
867:
866:
862:
859:
858:
857:I'm Not There
854:
851:
850:
846:
843:
842:
838:
835:
834:
830:
827:
826:
822:
819:
818:
814:
811:
810:
809:Pull My Daisy
806:
805:
803:
799:
792:
790:
786:
783:
782:
778:
775:
774:
770:
769:
767:
763:
756:
755:Plutonian Ode
752:
749:
745:
742:
741:
737:
734:
730:
727:
723:
720:
716:
713:
709:
706:
702:
699:
695:
692:
688:
685:
684:Pull My Daisy
681:
680:
678:
674:
667:
665:
661:
658:
657:
653:
650:
649:
645:
642:
641:
637:
634:
633:
629:
626:
625:
621:
618:
617:
613:
612:
610:
604:
600:
593:
588:
586:
581:
579:
574:
573:
570:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
548:
547:
546:Time magazine
542:
539:
538:
526:
520:
512:
506:
498:
491:
483:
477:
471:
466:
459:
453:
445:
441:
434:
426:
419:
411:
405:
397:
391:
375:
371:
367:
361:
345:
341:
337:
331:
323:
316:
302:on 2016-03-04
301:
297:
291:
284:
277:
269:
263:
256:
252:
248:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
224:David Simpson
221:
217:
216:San Francisco
213:
212:Wally Hedrick
207:
200:
194:
190:
183:
181:
177:
176:Robert Duncan
173:
169:
165:
164:David Simpson
161:
157:
152:
150:
146:
141:
139:
138:
133:
129:
125:
120:
118:
117:
112:
108:
103:
101:
97:
93:
89:
88:Philip Whalen
85:
81:
77:
73:
68:
66:
65:Peter Forakis
62:
58:
54:
53:Wally Hedrick
51:Conceived by
44:
42:
41:San Francisco
38:
34:
30:
21:
1079:Jack Kerouac
1031:
1016:Jack Kerouac
1001:Neal Cassady
962:Off the Road
960:
911:
906:
887:
879:
871:
864:
855:
847:
839:
832:
823:
815:
807:
787:
784:(1970 album)
779:
771:
738:
662:
656:Mind Breaths
654:
646:
638:
630:
622:
614:
544:
519:
505:
496:
490:
476:
465:
457:
452:
443:
433:
424:
418:
404:
378:. Retrieved
374:the original
369:
360:
348:. Retrieved
344:the original
339:
330:
321:
315:
304:. Retrieved
300:the original
290:
282:
276:
262:
206:
198:
193:
179:
172:Jess Collins
153:
149:Neal Cassady
142:
135:
132:Jack Kerouac
127:
121:
114:
107:John Hoffman
104:
69:
50:
36:
32:
28:
26:
16:Poetry event
1053: /
1041:122°26′09″W
1021:Gary Snyder
996:Lucien Carr
951:Human Be-In
765:Other works
666:: 1980–1985
640:Planet News
608:collections
251:art gallery
240:Jack Spicer
180:Faust Foutu
160:Jack Spicer
84:Gary Snyder
1068:Categories
1038:37°47′54″N
936:Beat Hotel
865:Chicago 10
825:The Source
740:Iron Horse
380:12 January
350:3 February
306:2015-10-07
220:California
124:Korean War
981:(partner)
791:1952–1995
210:In 1954,
186:Footnotes
174:and poet
987:(father)
757:" (1978)
750:" (1975)
735:" (1971)
728:" (1966)
721:" (1961)
714:" (1958)
707:" (1956)
700:" (1956)
693:" (1956)
390:cite web
929:Beatnik
900:Related
719:Kaddish
698:America
168:Ubu Roi
47:History
972:People
892:(2013)
884:(2010)
876:(2010)
868:(2009)
860:(2007)
852:(2007)
844:(2005)
836:(2000)
828:(1999)
820:(1993)
812:(1959)
743:(1973)
668:(1986)
659:(1978)
651:(1973)
643:(1968)
635:(1963)
627:(1961)
619:(1956)
606:Poetry
86:, and
801:Films
676:Poems
255:poets
222:with
881:Howl
833:Beat
712:Ignu
705:Howl
396:link
382:2022
352:2022
238:and
128:Howl
116:Howl
94:and
27:The
543:",
35:or
1070::
442:.
392:}}
388:{{
368:.
338:.
234:,
230:,
226:,
218:,
140:.
82:,
78:,
74:,
63:.
43:.
753:"
746:"
731:"
724:"
717:"
710:"
703:"
696:"
689:"
682:"
591:e
584:t
577:v
527:.
513:.
484:.
460:.
446:.
412:.
398:)
384:.
354:.
309:.
270:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.