1011:
243:. In 1696, the penalty for refusal during wartime was sharpened further by deprivation of the right to sit in the Great Council for the duration of the conflict. Because the crew represented a considerable investment, captains were sometimes reluctant to risk them in battle; after the defeat at the
238:
tried to use the post for their own financial gain, by imposing loans on their crews and pocketing government money while claiming inflated expenses for their ship. Originally, selection for the post could not be refused by the candidate, particularly at wartime, but the exorbitant expenses made it
247:
in 1695, a special commission considered that reluctance, as well as the scarcity of wages for crews, as the main reasons for the defeat. Because of this, the last centuries of the
Republic increasingly saw the phenomenon of patricians (as well as foreigners) serving as "mercenaries"
226:) was provided by the government, but often this could only be claimed at the end of the campaign season, after the galley had returned to its home port to be demobilized. As a result, only the wealthier patricians could afford to become
1323:
1315:
269:
was obliged to always remain on board his ship, and was prohibited from bringing along his family or even having an accommodation on land. Likewise, severe restrictions were placed on the luxuries permitted a
1307:
1331:
1270:
120:) in the hands of the respective commander. Galleys equipped by the cities subject to Venice were commanded by nobles from these cities, which often led to friction with the Venetian patricians.
1286:
1278:
1294:
1262:
1254:
60:. It entailed considerable responsibilities for crewing and maintaining a galley as well as great expenses, which made it increasingly the province of the wealthier patricians.
143:
were prohibited from serving on the ship of their father). Apart from rare exceptions, patricians were not appointed to the post before their 20th year. In turn, the post of
705:
1090:
700:
1120:
93:
1167:
1458:
1162:
1479:
1217:
1000:
179:
to be put at his disposal, and for money for hiring a crew made available. The responsibility of recruiting a crew was in the hands of the
766:
360:
This varied according to the period in question and the needs of the moment: from 300 ducats in 1466, it reached 2,500 ducats in 1581.
1241:
978:
862:
850:
828:
1209:
659:
207:
eager to distinguish himself often had to provide bonuses from his own pocket, hoping to be reimbursed by the government later.
1360:
1233:
232:, and sometimes wealthy families were deliberately selected by the government for that purpose, although cases are known where
300:
due; if he failed to do this within fifteen days, he was barred from participating in the deliberations of the Great
Council.
712:
339:
For the galeasses the terms were even stricter: a patrician had to have completed his 25th year, and to have served as
280:
issued instructions on the matter points to widespread violation of these regulations in practice. On the return, the
1110:
276:, such as a ban on gilding, engravings, or silk furnishings on the ship. Nevertheless, the frequency with which the
929:
914:
909:
904:
956:
722:
244:
220:, to be later—often with considerable delay, up to a few years—reimbursed by the government. A monthly stipend (
1225:
1070:
771:
695:
294:, officials responsible for the supply of the fleet, to account for the number of his crew, and claim the
971:
939:
652:
1095:
1085:
1065:
1010:
884:
813:
239:
an onerous duty that many tried to avoid. By 1686, refusal to serve was accepted against a fine of 500
624:
1042:
951:
690:
289:
1365:
1172:
934:
1410:
988:
961:
818:
791:
781:
89:
899:
874:
838:
808:
645:
1484:
983:
966:
924:
889:
732:
1047:
919:
737:
8:
1115:
1080:
845:
214:, all other expenses for feeding the crew and maintaining the ship had to be paid by the
75:
39:
894:
801:
786:
727:
674:
57:
1425:
1380:
1125:
1032:
993:
867:
855:
833:
823:
776:
759:
747:
1415:
1405:
1395:
1355:
1197:
1037:
879:
742:
607:
598:(1973). "Naval actions and fleet organization, 1499–1502". In Hale, John R. (ed.).
595:
369:
321:
192:
176:
1400:
1385:
796:
637:
277:
79:
1390:
1370:
754:
717:
377:
240:
51:
1473:
1430:
1420:
668:
35:
633:] (in Italian). Rome: Tipo lit. Ministero della Marina - Uff. Gabinetto.
348:
342:
163:
The appointment typically lasted from 3 to 5 years. However, election as a
149:
served as a stepping-stone for higher commands; to be eligible for them, a
169:
did not automatically mean command of a galley; years might pass before a
123:
Election to the post required a minimum of four years' prior service as a
1449:
155:
had to have actively served at least four years as captain of a galley.
1435:
1375:
946:
373:
631:
History of the
Venetian navy: from Lepanto to the fall of the Republic
626:
Storia della marina veneziana: da
Lepanto alla caduta della Repubblica
1187:
1182:
211:
134:
78:; while the right of election of some naval officers passed to the
610:(1982). "Wages and Recruitment of Venetian Galeotti, 1470-1580".
381:
317:
1157:
1147:
130:
31:
1177:
534:
48:
was an important position and stepping-stone in the naval
561:
551:
549:
474:
210:
Furthermore, while the government provided allotments of
462:
452:
450:
408:
406:
404:
402:
400:
546:
573:
522:
510:
447:
425:
423:
421:
397:
175:
was appointed to command, allowing a galley from the
435:
667:
498:
486:
418:
316:The equivalent title for the captains of a heavy
1471:
185:, who with his paymaster set up a bench on the
88:of the galleys continued to be selected by the
602:. London: Faber & Faber. pp. 146–173.
158:
653:
340:
325:
295:
287:
281:
271:
264:
255:
249:
233:
227:
221:
215:
202:
196:
186:
180:
170:
164:
150:
144:
138:
124:
115:
109:
108:) was the selection of the captain (termed a
103:
97:
83:
69:
49:
43:
25:
18:
63:
42:who already had some naval experience, the
660:
646:
254:) in various positions, including that of
622:
579:
567:
555:
540:
480:
468:
456:
441:
412:
1472:
201:). In order to recruit a good crew, a
641:
38:. Elected from among those among the
606:
594:
528:
516:
504:
492:
429:
384:entrusted to the wealthier citizens.
1480:Military ranks of the Venetian navy
13:
286:had to report to the board of the
102:) by the squadron commanders (the
74:were always chosen from among the
14:
1496:
1111:Capitano Straordinario delle Navi
1009:
363:
354:
245:Battle of the Oinousses Islands
129:(patrician cadet officer) on a
333:
310:
1:
1325:San Giovanni Battista piccolo
623:Mocenigo, Mario Nani (1935).
391:
96:that were used as flagships (
68:Like all naval officers, the
1071:Provveditore Generale da Mar
979:Seventh Ottoman–Venetian War
767:1296–1302 War with Byzantium
303:
263:When in active service, the
7:
863:Fourth Ottoman–Venetian War
829:Second Ottoman–Venetian War
372:draws the analogy with the
159:Duties and responsibilities
10:
1501:
1096:Governatore dei condannati
851:Third Ottoman–Venetian War
588:
92:. Only in the case of the
1456:
1444:
1348:
1196:
1146:
1139:
1056:
1025:
1018:
1007:
683:
82:in the 18th century, the
64:Eligibility and selection
1091:Capitano delle galeazze
1086:Provveditore all'Armata
1066:Capitano general da Mar
1001:Campaigns against Tunis
713:1171 War with Byzantium
380:, which was one of the
90:Great Council of Venice
30:) was the captain of a
1317:Sant'Antonio da Padova
1043:Provveditori all'Armar
341:
326:
296:
290:Provveditori all'Armar
288:
282:
272:
265:
256:
250:
234:
228:
222:
216:
203:
197:
187:
181:
171:
165:
151:
145:
139:
125:
116:
110:
104:
98:
84:
70:
50:
44:
26:
19:
1219:San Lorenzo Zustinian
691:Byzantine–Norman wars
320:, or later a sailing
1361:Bartolomeo Contarini
1309:Madonna della Salute
1048:Savio alla Scrittura
349:overseas possessions
195:to attract crewmen (
1116:Capitano delle Navi
347:in one of Venice's
76:Venetian patriciate
40:Venetian patriciate
1243:San Carlo Borromeo
1081:Capitano del Golfo
787:War of the Straits
772:Adramyttion (1334)
728:War of Saint Sabas
676:Republic of Venice
600:Renaissance Venice
543:, pp. 25, 26.
483:, pp. 24, 27.
58:Republic of Venice
1467:
1466:
1426:Sebastiano Venier
1381:Lodovico Flangini
1344:
1343:
1199:Ships of the line
1135:
1134:
1126:Patron delle Navi
1064:Supreme command:
1033:Arsenal of Venice
940:29 September 1662
824:Galeas per montes
814:Gallipolli (1416)
608:Lane, Frederic C.
596:Lane, Frederic C.
570:, pp. 24–25.
531:, pp. 27–30.
519:, pp. 28–29.
471:, pp. 25–26.
1492:
1461:
1406:Benedetto Pesaro
1396:Lazzaro Mocenigo
1356:Vettore Cappello
1333:Scudo Della Fede
1272:San Marco grande
1211:Giove Fulminante
1200:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1038:Savi agli Ordini
1023:
1022:
1013:
846:Polesella (1509)
684:Wars and battles
677:
671:
662:
655:
648:
639:
638:
634:
619:
603:
583:
577:
571:
565:
559:
553:
544:
538:
532:
526:
520:
514:
508:
502:
496:
490:
484:
478:
472:
466:
460:
454:
445:
439:
433:
427:
416:
410:
385:
370:Frederic C. Lane
367:
361:
358:
352:
346:
337:
331:
329:
322:ship of the line
314:
299:
293:
285:
275:
268:
259:
253:
237:
231:
225:
219:
206:
200:
191:in front of the
190:
184:
177:Venetian Arsenal
174:
168:
154:
148:
142:
128:
119:
113:
107:
101:
87:
73:
55:
47:
29:
22:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1452:
1440:
1401:Pietro Mocenigo
1386:Antonio Grimani
1340:
1339:
1302:
1249:
1235:Leon Trionfante
1198:
1192:
1148:
1131:
1130:
1109:Sailing fleet:
1105:
1075:
1052:
1014:
1005:
930:4th Dardanelles
915:3rd Dardanelles
910:2nd Dardanelles
905:1st Dardanelles
797:War of Chioggia
679:
675:
669:
666:
612:Studi Veneziani
591:
586:
578:
574:
566:
562:
554:
547:
539:
535:
527:
523:
515:
511:
503:
499:
491:
487:
479:
475:
467:
463:
455:
448:
440:
436:
428:
419:
411:
398:
394:
389:
388:
368:
364:
359:
355:
338:
334:
315:
311:
306:
278:Venetian Senate
241:Venetian ducats
161:
94:bastard galleys
80:Venetian Senate
66:
12:
11:
5:
1498:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1465:
1464:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1416:Niccolò Pisani
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1391:Pietro Loredan
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1371:Jacopo Dondulo
1368:
1366:Andrea Dandolo
1363:
1358:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1329:
1321:
1313:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1292:
1288:Fede Guerriera
1284:
1276:
1268:
1260:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1239:
1231:
1223:
1215:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1168:Galea bastarda
1165:
1160:
1154:
1152:
1149:Oared warships
1141:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1106:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1079:Galley fleet:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1029:
1027:
1026:Administration
1020:
1016:
1015:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1003:
998:
997:
996:
991:
986:
976:
975:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
944:
943:
942:
937:
935:27 August 1661
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
882:
877:
872:
871:
870:
860:
859:
858:
848:
843:
842:
841:
836:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
805:
804:
794:
789:
784:
779:
777:Pallene (1344)
774:
769:
764:
763:
762:
755:War of Curzola
752:
751:
750:
745:
740:
735:
725:
723:Constantinople
720:
718:Fourth Crusade
715:
710:
709:
708:
703:
698:
687:
685:
681:
680:
665:
664:
657:
650:
642:
636:
635:
620:
604:
590:
587:
585:
584:
572:
560:
545:
533:
521:
509:
497:
495:, p. 159.
485:
473:
461:
446:
434:
432:, p. 158.
417:
395:
393:
390:
387:
386:
378:ancient Athens
362:
353:
332:
308:
307:
305:
302:
160:
157:
65:
62:
52:cursus honorum
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1497:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1462:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1431:Girolamo Zane
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1421:Vettor Pisani
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1411:Andrea Pisani
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1297:
1296:San Spiridion
1293:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1264:Venere Armata
1261:
1259:
1257:
1256:Drago Volante
1253:Second-rate:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1195:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1163:Galea sottile
1161:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1002:
999:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
984:Corfu Channel
982:
981:
980:
977:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
948:
945:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
887:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
869:
866:
865:
864:
861:
857:
854:
853:
852:
849:
847:
844:
840:
837:
835:
832:
831:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
803:
800:
799:
798:
795:
793:
792:Megara (1359)
790:
788:
785:
783:
782:Imbros (1347)
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
761:
758:
757:
756:
753:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
730:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
693:
692:
689:
688:
686:
682:
678:
672:
663:
658:
656:
651:
649:
644:
643:
640:
632:
628:
627:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
592:
581:
580:Mocenigo 1935
576:
569:
568:Mocenigo 1935
564:
558:, p. 26.
557:
556:Mocenigo 1935
552:
550:
542:
541:Mocenigo 1935
537:
530:
525:
518:
513:
507:, p. 28.
506:
501:
494:
489:
482:
481:Mocenigo 1935
477:
470:
469:Mocenigo 1935
465:
459:, p. 25.
458:
457:Mocenigo 1935
453:
451:
443:
442:Mocenigo 1935
438:
431:
426:
424:
422:
415:, p. 24.
414:
413:Mocenigo 1935
409:
407:
405:
403:
401:
396:
383:
379:
375:
371:
366:
357:
350:
345:
344:
336:
328:
323:
319:
313:
309:
301:
298:
292:
291:
284:
279:
274:
267:
261:
258:
252:
246:
242:
236:
230:
224:
218:
213:
208:
205:
199:
194:
193:Doges' Palace
189:
183:
178:
173:
167:
156:
153:
147:
141:
136:
132:
127:
121:
118:
112:
106:
100:
95:
91:
86:
81:
77:
72:
61:
59:
54:
53:
46:
41:
37:
36:Venetian navy
33:
28:
23:
21:
1485:Sea captains
1332:
1324:
1316:
1308:
1306:Third-rate:
1295:
1287:
1279:
1271:
1263:
1255:
1242:
1234:
1226:
1218:
1210:
1208:First-rate:
1100:
1019:Organization
900:10 July 1651
875:24 June 1618
809:Modon (1403)
630:
625:
615:
611:
599:
582:, p. 4.
575:
563:
536:
524:
512:
500:
488:
476:
464:
444:, p. 3.
437:
365:
356:
343:provveditore
335:
312:
262:
209:
162:
137:, sons of a
122:
105:Capi di Mare
67:
17:
15:
1450:Oltremarini
1280:Sant'Andrea
1101:Sopracomito
1057:Naval ranks
967:6 July 1697
925:18 May 1657
890:26 May 1646
696:Dyrrhachium
327:governatore
283:sopracomito
273:sopracomito
266:sopracomito
257:sopracomito
235:sopracomiti
229:sopracomiti
217:sopracomito
204:sopracomito
182:sopracomito
172:sopracomito
166:sopracomito
152:sopracomito
146:sopracomito
140:sopracomito
111:governatore
99:generalizie
85:sopracomiti
71:sopracomiti
45:sopracomito
27:sopracomiti
20:sopracomito
1474:Categories
1436:Carlo Zeno
1376:Angelo Emo
1349:Commanders
1173:Brigantine
972:Samothrace
947:Morean War
920:3 May 1657
885:Cretan War
738:Settepozzi
392:References
374:trierarchy
297:sovenzione
251:venturieri
133:(to avoid
1188:Bucentaur
1121:Almirante
957:Oinousses
819:Po (1431)
706:Buthrotum
529:Lane 1982
517:Lane 1982
505:Lane 1982
493:Lane 1973
430:Lane 1973
382:liturgies
304:Footnotes
223:sovenzion
117:direttore
1183:Galleass
952:Mytilene
895:Focchies
802:Chioggia
618:: 15–43.
212:hardtack
198:galeotti
135:nepotism
24:(plural
1460:Commons
994:Matapan
868:Lepanto
856:Preveza
834:Zonchio
760:Curzola
748:Trapani
673:of the
589:Sources
318:galeass
56:of the
34:in the
1335:-class
1327:-class
1319:-class
1311:-class
1298:-class
1290:-class
1282:-class
1274:-class
1266:-class
1258:-class
1245:-class
1237:-class
1229:-class
1227:Corona
1221:-class
1213:-class
1158:Dromon
989:Imbros
962:Andros
880:Ragusa
743:Saseno
131:galley
126:nobile
32:galley
1445:Other
1178:Fusta
1140:Ships
839:Modon
701:Corfu
629:[
733:Acre
670:Navy
324:was
188:Molo
376:in
114:or
1476::
616:VI
614:.
548:^
449:^
420:^
399:^
260:.
16:A
661:e
654:t
647:v
351:.
330:.
248:(
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